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Taghizadeh MH, Khajeh K, Nasirpour N, Mousavi SM. Maximization of uricase production in a column bioreactor through response surface methodology-based optimization. Biofabrication 2024; 16:035023. [PMID: 38697098 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad467f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Uricase (EC 1.7.3.3) is an oxidoreductase enzyme that is widely exploited for diagnostic and treatment purposes in medicine. This study focuses on producing recombinant uricase fromE. coliBL21 in a bubble column bioreactor (BCB) and finding the optimal conditions for maximum uricase activity. The three most effective variables on uricase activity were selected through the Plackett-Burman design from eight different variables and were further optimized by the central composite design of the response surface methodology (RSM). The selected variables included the inoculum size (%v/v), isopropylβ-d-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) concentration (mM) and the initial pH of the culture medium. The activity of uricase, the final optical density at 600 nm wavelength (OD600) and the final pH were considered as the responses of this optimization and were modeled. As a result, activity of 5.84 U·ml-1and a final OD600of 3.42 were obtained at optimum conditions of 3% v/v inoculum size, an IPTG concentration of 0.54 mM and a pH of 6.0. By purifying the obtained enzyme using a Ni-NTA agarose affinity chromatography column, 165 ± 1.5 mg uricase was obtained from a 600 ml cell culture. The results of this study show that BCBs can be a highly effective option for large-scale uricase production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khosro Khajeh
- Biological Sciences Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Nasirpour
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mohammad Mousavi
- Biotechnology Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Modares Environmental Research Institute, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Sa R, Sun Y, Cao Y, Yan W, Zong Z, An W, Song M. Medium Optimization and Fermentation Kinetics for Antifungal Compounds Production by an Endophytic Paenibacillus polymyxa DS-R5 Isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:54. [PMID: 38189839 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03558-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
An endophytic bacterium Paenibacillus polymyxa DS-R5 which can effectively inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi was isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza in our previous study. By using hydrochloric acid precipitation, methanol extraction, silica gel column isolation, dextran gel chromatography column, and HPLC, 3 compounds with antifungal activity were isolated. To further improve the production of antifungal compounds produced by this strain, fermentation medium was optimized using one-factor-at-a-time, Plackett-Burman design, and Box-Behnken design experiments. Through statistical optimization, the optimal medium composition was determined to be as follows: 14.7 g/l sucrose, 20.0 g/l soluble starch, 7.0 g/l corn steep liquor, 10.0 g/l (NH4)2SO4, and 0.7 g/l KH2PO4. In this optimized medium, the highest titer of antifungal compounds reached 3452 U/ml, which was 123% higher than that in the initial medium. In addition, in order to guide scale-up for production, logistic and Luedeking-Piret equations were proposed to predict the cell growth and antifungal compounds production. The fermentation kinetics and empirical equations of the coefficients (X0, Xm, μm, α, and β) for the two models were reported, which will aid the design and optimization of industrial processes. The degrees of fit between calculated values of the model and the experimental data were 0.989 and 0.973, respectively. The results show that the cell growth and product synthesis models established in this study may better reflect the dynamic process of antifungal compounds production and provide a theoretical basis for further optimization and on-line monitoring of the fermentation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongbo Sa
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Ying Cao
- Taian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taian, China
| | - Wenhui Yan
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Zhaohui Zong
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Wen An
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China.
| | - Meimei Song
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China.
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Liu S, Zhang K, Yu Y, Lian X, Jiang L, Meng F, Wang Y, Zhu X, Duan Y. Influence of medium modifications (optimization) on high nematicidal activity of the fermentation broth of Clostridium beijerinckii. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1283112. [PMID: 38239919 PMCID: PMC10795176 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1283112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The nematode species Meloidogyne incognita has been responsible for significant financial losses within the agricultural sector. Nematophagous bacteria, characterised by their extensive distribution and broad spectrum of hosts, exhibit remarkable efficacy as natural antagonists against nematodes. Sneb518 (Clostridium beijerinckii) fermentation broth displayed substantial biocontrol activity against M. incognita in previous research. Optimizing fermentation conditions is a fundamental technique for dramatically enhancing end product performance. There has been no such study conducted yet on enhancing the nematicidal activities of Sneb518 (Clostridium beijerinckii) fermentation using response surface methodology (RSM). Methods: The influence of strain Sneb518 fermentation media and conditions on nematicidal activity was examined using the three-factor technique and a Plackett-Burman design, and the interaction between various fermentation factors was examined using a Box-Behnken design. The present study employed response surface methodology (RSM) to examine and enhance the nematicidal activity of Sneb518 culture filtrates by identifying and optimising the influential components. Results: Glucose, peanut cake flour, and potassium chloride as carbon, nitrogen, and inorganic salts displayed considerably increased nematicidal potential in the present study. Furthermore, the corrected mortality of J2 ranged from 52.24% to 91.15% when utilizing the Box-Behnken design. These findings clearly support the application of RSM for medium optimization. Moreover, the outcomes of the validation experiment corresponded to the model predictions. Discussion: This research has enhanced the biocontrol ability of C. beijerinckii to control M. incognita and this research has led to the advancement of new biocontrol agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kejun Zhang
- Tianjin Vocational College of Bioengineering, Tianjin, China
| | - Yun Yu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinglong Lian
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lanyuwen Jiang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fanqi Meng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuxi Duan
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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Zhang G, Li Z, Chen G, Zhang L, Cai W, Deng S, Zhang H, Wu L, Li H, Liu H. Purification and characterization of the low molecular weight xylanase from Bacillus cereus L-1. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:2951-2959. [PMID: 37843795 PMCID: PMC10689628 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01129-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Xylanase is widely used in various industries such as food processing, paper, textiles, and leather tanning. In this study, Bacillus cereus L-1 strain was isolated and identified as capable of producing low molecular weight xylanase through 16 s rRNA sequencing. Maximum xylanase yield of 15.51 ± 2.08 U/mL was achieved under optimal fermentation conditions (5% inoculum, 20 g/L xylan, pH 6.0, for 24 h). After purification via ammonium sulfate precipitation and High-S ion exchange chromatography, electrophoretic purity xylanase was obtained with a 28-fold purification and specific activity of 244.97 U/mg. Xylanase had an optimal pH of 6.5 and temperature of 60 °C and displayed thermostability at 30 °C and 40 °C with 48.56% and 45.97% remaining activity after 180 min, respectively. The xylanase retained more than 82.97% of its activity after incubation for 24 h at pH 5.0 and was sensitive to metal ions, especially Mg2+ and Li+. Purified xylanase showed a molecular weight of 23 kDa on SDS-PAGE, and partial peptide sequencing revealed homology to the endo-1,4-beta-xylanase with a molecular weight of 23.3 kDa through LC/MS-MS (liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry). This study suggests that the purified xylanase is easier to purify and enriches low molecular weight xylanases from bacteria source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Zhihao Li
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Yichang Tobacco Company of Hubei Province, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Wen Cai
- China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Shuaijun Deng
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd, Kunming, 650032, China.
| | - Hongtao Li
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Shandong Industrial Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266101, China.
| | - Haobao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.
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Yadav VK, Amari A, Mahdhi N, Elkhaleefa AM, Fulekar MH, Patel A. A novel and economical approach for the synthesis of short rod-shaped mesoporous silica nanoparticles from coal fly ash waste by Bacillus circulans MTCC 6811. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:289. [PMID: 37640981 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03734-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Coal fly ash (CFA) is an industrial byproduct produced during the production of electricity in thermal power plants from the burning of pulverized coal. It is considered hazardous due to the presence of toxic heavy metals while it is also considered valuable due to the presence of value-added minerals like silicates, alumina, and iron oxides. Silica nanoparticles' demands and application have increased drastically in the last decade due to their mesoporous nature, high surface area to volume ratio, etc. Here in the present research work, short rod-shaped, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) have been synthesized from coal fly ash by using Bacillus circulans MTCC 6811 in two steps. Firstly, CFA was kept with the bacterial culture for bioleaching for 25 days in an incubator shaker at 120 rpm. Secondly, the dissolved silica in the medium was precipitated with the 4 M sodium hydroxide to obtain a short rod-shaped MSN. The purification of the synthesized silica particle was done by treating them with 1 M HCl at 120 °C, for 90 min. The synthesized short rod-shaped MSN were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Particle size analyzer (PSA), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscope. The microscopic techniques revealed the short rod-shaped mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) for the final nano-silica, whose size varies from 40 to 80 nm, with an average size of 36 ± 5 nm. The XRD shows the crystalline nature of the synthesized MSN having a crystallite size of 36 nm. The FTIR showed the three characteristic bands in the range of 400-1100 cm-1, indicating the purity of the sample. The energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) showed 53.04 wt% oxygen and 43.42% Si along with 3.54% carbon in the final MSN. The particle size analyzer revealed that the average particle size is 368.7 nm in radius and the polydispersity index (PDI) is 0.667. Such a novel and economical approach could be helpful in the synthesis of silica in high yield with high purity from coal fly ash and other similar waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virendra Kumar Yadav
- School of Nanosciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382030, India.
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, Gujarat, 384265, India.
| | - Abdelfattah Amari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61411, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Noureddine Mahdhi
- Laboratory Materials Organizations and Properties, Tunis El Manar University, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Abubakr M Elkhaleefa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61411, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M H Fulekar
- Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Wagodia, Vadodara, Gujarat, 391760, India
| | - Ashish Patel
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, Gujarat, 384265, India
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Sundaresan A, Le Ngoc M, Wew MU, Ramkumar V, Raninga P, Sum R, Cheong I. A design of experiments screen reveals that Clostridium novyi-NT spore germinant sensing is stereoflexible for valine and its analogs. Commun Biol 2023; 6:118. [PMID: 36709236 PMCID: PMC9884283 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04496-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Although Clostridium novyi-NT is an anti-cancer bacterial therapeutic which germinates within hypoxic tumors to kill cancer cells, the actual germination triggers for C. novyi-NT are still unknown. In this study, we screen candidate germinants using combinatorial experimental designs and discover by serendipity that D-valine is a potent germinant, inducing 50% spore germination at 4.2 mM concentration. Further investigation revealed that five D-valine analogs are also germinants and four of these analogs are enantiomeric pairs. This stereoflexible effect of L- and D-amino acids shows that spore germination is a complex process where enantiomeric interactions can be confounders. This study also identifies L-cysteine as a germinant, and hypoxanthine and inosine as co-germinants. Several other amino acids promote (L-valine, L-histidine, L-threonine and L-alanine) or inhibit (L-arginine, L-glycine, L-lysine, L-tryptophan) germination in an interaction-dependent manner. D-alanine inhibits all germination, even in complex growth media. This work lays the foundation for improving the germination efficacy of C. novyi-NT spores in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajitha Sundaresan
- grid.226688.00000 0004 0620 9198Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mai Le Ngoc
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431NUS High School of Mathematics and Sciences, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marvell Ung Wew
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431NUS High School of Mathematics and Sciences, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Varsha Ramkumar
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431NUS High School of Mathematics and Sciences, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Prahlad Raninga
- grid.226688.00000 0004 0620 9198Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rongji Sum
- grid.226688.00000 0004 0620 9198Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ian Cheong
- grid.226688.00000 0004 0620 9198Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Wang Y, Yan X, Su M, Li J, Man T, Wang S, Li C, Gao S, Zhang R, Zhang M, Wang P, Jia X, Ren L. Isolation of potassium solubilizing bacteria in soil and preparation of liquid bacteria fertilizer from food wastewater. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Yue Y, Chen C, Zhong K, Wu Y, Gao H. Purification, Fermentation Optimization, and Antibacterial Activity of Pyrrole-2-carboxylic Acid Produced by an Endophytic Bacterium, Bacillus cereus ZBE, Isolated from Zanthoxylum bungeanum. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c04164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Yue
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Chong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Products Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhong
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yanping Wu
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Hong Gao
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
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Yan L, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Yang H, Qiu G, Wang D, Lian Y. Improvement of tacrolimus production in Streptomyces tsukubaensis by mutagenesis and optimization of fermentation medium using Plackett-Burman design combined with response surface methodology. Biotechnol Lett 2021; 43:1765-1778. [PMID: 34021830 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-021-03144-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to enhance the production of tacrolimus in Streptomyces tsukubaensis by strain mutagenesis and optimization of the fermentation medium. RESULTS A high tacrolimus producing strain S. tsukubaensis FIM-16-06 was obtained by ultraviolet mutagenesis coupled with atmospheric and room temperature plasma mutagenesis.Then, nine variables were screened using Plackett-Burman experimental design, in which soluble starch, peptone and Tween 80 showed significantly affected tacrolimus production. Further studies were carried out employing central composite design to elucidate the mutual interaction between the variables and to work out optimal fermentation medium composition for tacrolimus production. The optimum fermentation medium was found to contain 61.61 g/L of soluble starch, 20.61 g/L of peptone and 30.79 g/L of Tween 80. In the optimized medium, the production of tacrolimus reached 1293 mg/L in shake-flask culture, and reached 1522 mg/L while the scaled-up fermentation was conducted in a 1000 L fermenter, which was about 3.7 times higher than that in the original medium. CONCLUSIONS Combining compound mutation with rational medium optimization is an effective approach for improving tacrolimus production, and the optimized fermentation medium could be efficiently used for industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingbin Yan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Screening for Novel Microbial Products, Fujian Institute of Microbiology, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Zhulan Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Screening for Novel Microbial Products, Fujian Institute of Microbiology, Fuzhou, 350007, China.
| | - Yin Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Screening for Novel Microbial Products, Fujian Institute of Microbiology, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Huangjian Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Screening for Novel Microbial Products, Fujian Institute of Microbiology, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Guanrong Qiu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Screening for Novel Microbial Products, Fujian Institute of Microbiology, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Desen Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Screening for Novel Microbial Products, Fujian Institute of Microbiology, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Yunyang Lian
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Screening for Novel Microbial Products, Fujian Institute of Microbiology, Fuzhou, 350007, China.
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Huang J, Zhuo Y, Lu J, Lai Q, Zhang Y. Bacillus cereus liquid fertilizer was produced from Agaricus bisporus industrial wastewater. J Biotechnol 2021; 327:74-85. [PMID: 33440221 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
During the Agaricus bisporus canning processes, a large number of water-soluble elements were dissolved into the processing hot water. This study was conducted to use the industrial wastewater of A. bisporus to prepare agricultural microbial fertilizer. In the work, the influence of 6 different liquid fermentation factors on the total biomass of living Bacillus cereus was evaluated with the one-factor-at-a-time method and the Plackett-Burman design. The total biomass of living B. cereus was most influenced by fermentation temperature, shaking speed, and inoculation volume, which were identified as the most critical independent variables for the B. cereus biomass. The approximate ranges of optimal fermentation conditions for the three key factors were identified by the path of steepest ascent. The center point of these factors were 24 ℃ of temperature, 250 rpm of shaking speed and 12 % inoculum amount, respectively. The Box-Behnken design was applied to derive a statistical model for optimizing the three fermentation factors for B. cereus biomass. After further optimizations based on statistical predictions, the optimum fermentation parameters for B. cereus cultured in the A. bisporus industrial wastewater were fermentation temperature of 24.8 °C, shaking speed of 234 rpm, inoculum dose of 12.2 % (v:v, %), industrial wastewater concentration of 4%, initial pH values of 6.5, loading liquid of 60 mL/250 mL, and culture time of 24 h. Culturing with the optimal fermentation conditions resulted in the biomass of B. cereus of 1.35 ± 0.02 × 109 Obj/mL (N = 3), which was consistent with the predicted values (1.32 × 109 Obj/mL) predicted by the corresponding regression models (p < 0.05), and more, was also far higher than that of the standard of agricultural bacterial fertilizers in People's Republic of China. Further, the results of field trial indicated that the of B. cereus liquid fertilizer can remarkably enhance the yield of Brassica chinensis L. It is practicable to make use of the industrial wastewater of A. bisporus to prepare the microbial fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafu Huang
- Engineering Technological Center of Mushroom Industry, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, 363000, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Mushroom Health Industry, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, 363000, China; School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology College, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, 363000, China.
| | - Yizhen Zhuo
- Zhangzhou No.3 Middle School, Zhangzhou, Fujian, 363000, China
| | - Jinqiu Lu
- School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology College, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, 363000, China
| | - Qingyu Lai
- School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology College, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, 363000, China
| | - Yawen Zhang
- School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology College, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, Fujian, 363000, China
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Wang S, Xu J, Wang C, Li J, Wang Q, Kuang H, Yang B, Chen R, Luo Z. Paeoniae radix alba polysaccharides obtained via optimized extraction treat experimental autoimmune hepatitis effectively. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:1554-1564. [PMID: 32735927 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The extraction process of Paeoniae radix alba polysaccharides (PRAP) was optimized as the liquid-solid ratio of 10.65 mL/g, the extraction time of 2.10 h, and the 2 extraction repetitions through a response surface methodology. The chemical profiles of the obtained PRAP were characterized by measuring the contents of total carbohydrates, total phenolics, uronic acid and protein, and by analyzing the FT-IR spectrum and monosaccharide composition. To determine the therapeutic effects of PRAP on experimental autoimmune hepatitis (EAH), we established an EAH mice model. After treated with PRAP, liver and spleen injuries were reduced, and hepatocyte regeneration and liver function were improved. Further study of the mechanism by which PRAP treats EAH showed that PRAP significantly inhibited oxidative stress in the livers of EAH model mice. More importantly, PRAP inhibited immune inflammatory reactions in EAH model mice, including the hepatic infiltration of inflammatory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as overexpression of inflammatory cytokines IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10, via inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Wang
- College of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Outside Loop East Road of Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiazhi Xu
- College of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Outside Loop East Road of Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Changfu Wang
- College of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Outside Loop East Road of Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Jianchun Li
- College of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Outside Loop East Road of Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- College of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Outside Loop East Road of Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, No. 24 Heping Road, XiangFang District, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Bingyou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, No. 24 Heping Road, XiangFang District, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Rongying Chen
- College of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Outside Loop East Road of Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhongwen Luo
- College of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Outside Loop East Road of Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Huang J, Huang A, Lu L, Jiang W, Zhang D, Wu Q, Li P, Zhong X. Improving the yield of Anoectochilus roxburghii by Bacillus licheniformis cultured in Agaricus bisporus industrial wastewater. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Amobonye A, Bhagwat P, Singh S, Pillai S. Enhanced xylanase and endoglucanase production from Beauveria bassiana SAN01, an entomopathogenic fungal endophyte. Fungal Biol 2020; 125:39-48. [PMID: 33317775 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to explore alternative applications of the widely known entomopathogenic/endophytic fungus, Beauveria bassiana, besides its sole use as a biocontrol agent. B. bassiana SAN01, was investigated for the production of two glycoside hydrolases, xylanase and endoglucanase under submerged conditions. Among the different biomass tested, wheat bran provided the best results for both xylanase and endoglucanase, and their production levels were further enhanced using response surface methodology. Under optimised conditions, heightened yields of 1061 U/ml and 23.03 U/ml were observed for xylanase and endoglucanase, respectively, which were 3.44 and 1.35 folds higher than their initial yields. These are the highest ever production levels reported for xylanase and endoglucanase from any B. bassiana strain or any known entomopathogenic fungi. Furthermore, the efficacy of xylanase/endoglucanase cocktail in the saccharification of sugarcane bagasse was evaluated. The highest amount of reducing sugar released from the pretreated biomass by the action of the crude Beauveria enzyme cocktail was recorded at 30°C after 8 h incubation. The significant activities of the hydrolytic enzymes recorded with B. bassiana in this study thus present promising avenues for the use of the entomopathogen as a new source of industrial enzymes and by extension, other biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji Amobonye
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Prashant Bhagwat
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Suren Singh
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Santhosh Pillai
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
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Yang X, Guo P, Li M, Li H, Hu Z, Liu X, Zhang Q. Optimization of Culture Conditions for Amoxicillin Degrading Bacteria Screened from Pig Manure. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17061973. [PMID: 32192171 PMCID: PMC7142553 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17061973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
(1) Objective: The objective of this study was to screen amoxicillin (AMX)-degrading bacterial strains in pig manure and optimize the fermentation conditions for these strains to achieve high fermentation rate, which can provide an effective way for the practical application of bacterial strains as antibiotic-degrading bacterial in treating livestock waste for antibiotic residues. (2) Methods: Antibiotic susceptibility tests and high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) were employed to screen AMX-degrading bacterial strains in pig manure. The culture conditions were optimized for AMX-degrading bacterial strains using Plackeet–Burman design (PBD), the steepest ascent design, and the response surface methods, coupled with the Box–Behnken design (BBD). The effects of culture time, temperature, rotator (mixing) speed, inoculum level, and initial pH value on the growth of AMX-degrading strains were investigated. Experimental data obtained from BBD were utilized to generate a second-order polynomial regression model for evaluating the effects of the tested variables on the optical density at 600 nm (OD600) of culture solutions as the growth indicator for the screened AMX-degrading strains. (3) Results: The initial pH, culture time, and the inoculum level had significant effects on the OD600 value (growth) of the screened AMX-degrading strains. The initial pH value was found to be the most critical factor influencing the growth of bacteria. The optimized culture condition for the bacterial growth determined by the response surface methodology was: the initial pH of 6.9, culture time of 52 h, and inoculum level of 2%. The average OD value of 12 different fermentation conditions in the initial fermentation tests in this study was 1.72 and the optimization resulted in an OD value of 3.00. The verification experiment resulted in an OD value of 2.94, which confirmed the adequacy of the optimization model for the determining the optimal culture condition. (4) Conclusions: The growth of the screened strain of AMX-degrading bacteria could be optimized by changing the fermentation conditions. The optimization could be achieved by using the Box–Behnken response surface method and Plackett–Burman experimental design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanjiang Yang
- Institute of intelligent machinery, Hefei Institute of Material Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (X.Y.); (P.G.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Panpan Guo
- Institute of intelligent machinery, Hefei Institute of Material Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (X.Y.); (P.G.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Miao Li
- Institute of intelligent machinery, Hefei Institute of Material Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (X.Y.); (P.G.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-18961812279
| | - Hualong Li
- Institute of intelligent machinery, Hefei Institute of Material Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (X.Y.); (P.G.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Zelin Hu
- Institute of intelligent machinery, Hefei Institute of Material Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (X.Y.); (P.G.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Xianwang Liu
- Institute of intelligent machinery, Hefei Institute of Material Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (X.Y.); (P.G.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 5V6, Canada;
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Ryu Y, Lee KE, Cha IT, Park W. Optimization of bacterial sporulation using economic nutrient for self-healing concrete. J Microbiol 2020; 58:288-296. [PMID: 32103443 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-020-9580-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The use of heat- and alkali-resistant bacteria is essential for the biological repair of damaged concrete. Lysinibacillus boronitolerans YS11 was isolated from the rhizosphere of Miscanthus sacchariflorus. The increased pH in the urea-minus condition during the growth of the YS11 strain promoted calcium carbonate (CaCO3) formation. To identify the optimum medium that promoted the growth of the YS11 strain, a Plackett-Burman design was conducted for the screening process. Consequently, malt powder, rice bran, (NH4)2SO4, and corn syrup were chosen to enhance YS11 growth. The optimization of these four useful factors was carried out using a central composite design. To obtain higher survivability in mortar, the sporulation process is essential, and additional factors such as Mn2+, Fe2+, and Ca2+ were found to contribute to sporulation. A mixture of L. boronitolerans YS11 spore powder, cement, paste, sand, yeast extract, calcium lactate, and water showed a healing effect on a 0.3 mm mortar crack in 7 days. Furthermore, calcium carbonate precipitation was observed over the crack surface. Thus, we confirmed that mortar treated with YS11 spore powder was effective in healing micro-cracks in concrete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngung Ryu
- Laboratory of Molecular Environmental Microbiology, Department of Environmental Sciences and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Eun Lee
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Tae Cha
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojun Park
- Laboratory of Molecular Environmental Microbiology, Department of Environmental Sciences and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Huang J. Application of Agaricus bisporus industrial wastewater to produce the biomass of Pichia burtonii. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2019; 79:2271-2278. [PMID: 31411581 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2019.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
By using Plackett-Burman combined with Box-Behnken design, the fermentation conditions of Pichia burtonii using Agaricus bisporus industrial wastewater as culture medium were optimized. The biomass of P. burtonii in the fermentation broth was analyzed by multispectral imaging flow cytometry. Plackett-Burman design was used to screen out three factors from six factors affecting the biomass of P. burtonii as major factors. The Box-Behnken response surface method was used to optimize the interaction of the three main factors to predict the optimal fermentation conditions. The significant factors affecting the biomass of P. burtonii, such as shaking speed, solubility and culture temperature, were screened. The optimum conditions for P. burtonii were as follows: a shaking speed of 265 rmp, a solubility of 8%, a culture temperature of 25 °C, an initial pH of 6.0, an inoculation amount of 8%, and an amount of 30 mL liquid in 250 mL, and the total living yeast can reach 1.27 ± 0.02 × 108 Obj/mL, which was within the 95% confidence interval of the predicted model (1.08-1.32 × 108 Obj/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafu Huang
- Engineering Technological Center of Mushroom Industry, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363000, China and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology College, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, Fujian 363000, China E-mail:
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Yu Z, Shen X, Wu Y, Yang S, Ju D, Chen S. Enhancement of ascomycin production via a combination of atmospheric and room temperature plasma mutagenesis in Streptomyces hygroscopicus and medium optimization. AMB Express 2019; 9:25. [PMID: 30778695 PMCID: PMC6379505 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-019-0749-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascomycin, a key intermediate for chemical synthesis of immunosuppressive drug pimecrolimus, is produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus var. ascomyceticus. In order to improve the strain production, the original S. hygroscopicus ATCC 14891 strain was treated here with atmospheric and room temperature plasma to obtain a stable high-producing S. hygroscopicus SFK-36 strain which produced 495.3 mg/L ascomycin, a 32.5% increase in ascomycin compared to the ATCC 14891. Then, fermentation medium was optimized using response surface methodology to further enhance ascomycin production. In the optimized medium containing 81.0 g/L soluble starch, 57.4 g/L peanut meal, and 15.8 g/L soybean oil, the ascomycin yield reached 1466.3 mg/L in flask culture. Furthermore, the fermentation process was carried out in a 5 L fermenter, and the ascomycin yield reached 1476.9 mg/L, which is the highest ascomycin yield reported so far. Therefore, traditional mutagenesis breeding combined with medium optimization is an effective approach for the enhancement of ascomycin production.
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Optimization of Cultural Conditions for Bacillus megaterium Cultured in Agaricus bisporus Industrial Wastewater. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:8106245. [PMID: 30687758 PMCID: PMC6327248 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8106245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to optimize the cultural conditions for Bacillus megaterium using Agaricus bisporus industrial wastewater as nature culture through response surface methodology. In our present study, we analyzed the total number of living B. megaterium in the fermentation broth using multispectral imaging flow cytometry. Plackett-Burman design was applied to evaluate the effects of six variables, namely, initial pH, industrial wastewater solubility, rotating speed, culture temperature, inoculum size, and loading volume. Loading volume, initial pH, and culture temperature were found to influence the biomass of B. megaterium significantly and were further optimized by Box-Behnken design. After verification test, the optimum fermentation conditions of B. megaterium using the A. bisporus processing wastewater as nature culture media were obtained as follows: initial pH of 7.4, culture temperature of 25°C, loading volume of 40 mL/250 mL, culture time of 24 h, industrial wastewater solubility of 1%, rotating speed of 200 rpm, and inoculum size of 8%. The predicted optimum model's value was 8.88 × 108 Obj/mL and the average experimental value was 9.03 ± 0.02 × 108 Obj/mL, which met the national microbial fertilizers' standard. Furthermore, the field experiment results showed that the fermentation broth of B. megaterium could significantly improve the yield of Spinacia oleracea L.
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Guo Y, Chang H, Wang Q, Shao C, Xu J. Hydrolytic denitrification and decynidation of acrylonitrile in wastewater with Arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus ZJUTB06-99. AMB Express 2018; 8:191. [PMID: 30511127 PMCID: PMC6277404 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0719-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Acrylonitrile (C3H3N) widely used in chemical raw materials has biological toxicity with -CN bond, so it is the key to removal of cyanide from acrylonitrile wastewater. In our previous research and investigation, a strain was identified as Arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus named ZJUTB06-99 and was proved to be capable of degrading acrylonitrile. In this paper, the strain ZJUTB06-99 was domesticated with acrylonitrile-containing medium and its decyanidation and denitrification in simulated acrylonitrile wastewater were studied. The intermediate product of acrylonitrile in degradation process was identified through gas chromatography-mass spectrometer, as well as the biodegradation pathway of acrylonitrile in wastewater was deduced tentatively. The kinetics equation of biodegradation of acrylonitrile was lnC = - 0.1784t + 5.3349, with the degradation half-life of acrylonitrile in wastewater by 3.885 h. The results of this study showed that the optimum levels of temperature, pH and bacteria concentration to attain the maximum biodegradation were obtained as 30 °C, 6 and 100 g/L, respectively. The disadvantages of the biodegradation with this strain and its possible enhanced method to degrade acrylonitrile in wastewater were also discussed.
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