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Yu X, He Z, Wang Z, Ke S, Wang H, Wang Q, Li S. Brusatol hinders the progression of bladder cancer by Chac1/Nrf2/SLC7A11 pathway. Exp Cell Res 2024; 438:114053. [PMID: 38663476 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a common tumor that impacts the urinary system and marked by a significant fatality rate and an unfavorable prognosis. Promising antineoplastic properties are exhibited by brusatol, which is obtained from the dried ripe fruit of Brucea javanica. The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of brusatol on the progression of bladder cancer and uncover the molecular mechanism involved. We used Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation and EdU assays to detect cell numbers, viability and proliferation. We used transwell migration assay to detect cell migration ability. The mechanism of brusatol inhibition of bladder cancer proliferation was studied by flow cytometry and western blotting. It was revealed that brusatol could reduce the viability and proliferation of T24 and 5637 cells. The transwell migration assay revealed that brusatol was able to attenuate the migration of T24 and 5637 cells. We found that treatment with brusatol increased the levels of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde and Fe2+, thereby further promoting ferroptosis in T24 and 5637 cells. In addition, treatment with RSL3 (an agonistor of ferroptosis) ferrostatin-1 (a selective inhibitor of ferroptosis) enhanced or reversed the brusatol-induced inhibition. In vivo, treatment with brusatol significantly suppressed the tumor growth in nude mice. Mechanistically, brusatol induced ferroptosis by upregulating the expression of ChaC glutathione-specific gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase (Chac1) and decreasing the expression of SLC7A11 and Nrf2 in T24 and 5637 cells. To summarize, the findings of this research demonstrated that brusatol hindered the growth of bladder cancer and triggered ferroptosis via the Chac1/Nrf2/SLC7A11 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yu
- Departments of Anesthesiology of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Ziqi He
- Departments of Anesthesiology of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China; Departments of urology of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Departments of Anesthesiology of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China; Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China.
| | - Shuai Ke
- Departments of Anesthesiology of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China; Departments of urology of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Huaxin Wang
- Departments of Anesthesiology of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Qinghua Wang
- Departments of Anesthesiology of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China; Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200065 Shanghai, China
| | - Shenglan Li
- Departments of Anesthesiology of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China; Department of Radiography, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China.
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2
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Gong Z, Xue L, Vlantis AC, van Hasselt CA, Chan JYK, Fang J, Wang R, Yang Y, Li D, Zeng X, Tong MCF, Chen GG. Brusatol attenuated proliferation and invasion induced by KRAS in differentiated thyroid cancer through inhibiting Nrf2. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:1271-1280. [PMID: 38062319 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) can be developed from differentiated thyroid cancer, and this dedifferentiated transformation leads to poor prognosis and high mortality. The role of Nrf2 in the dedifferentiation of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) induced by KRAS remains unclear. METHODS AND MATERIALS In this study, two DTC cell lines, BCPAP and WRO, were used to evaluate the function of Nrf2 in the dedifferentiation caused by wild-type KRAS (KRAS-WT) and G12V point mutation KRAS (KRAS-G12V). RESULTS The overexpression of KRAS-WT and KRAS-G12V increased the proliferative and invasive ability of BCPAP and WRO cells. Aggressive morphology was observed in KRAS-WT and KRAS-G12V overexpressed WRO cells. These results suggested that overexpression of KRAS-WT or KRAS-G12V may induce dedifferentiation in DTC cells. The expression of Nrf2 was increased by KRAS-WT and KRAS-G12V in DTC cells. In addition, compared with normal thyroid tissues, the expression of Nrf2 protein was considerably higher in thyroid cancer tissues on immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, and the increased expression of Nrf2 indicated a poor prognosis of thyroid cancer. These results indicated that Nrf2 is the KRAS downstream molecule in thyroid cancer. Functional studies showed that the Nrf2 inhibitor Brusatol counteracted the proliferative and invasive abilities induced by KRAS-WT and KRAS-G12V in BCPAP and WRO cells. In addition, the xenograft assay further confirmed that Brusatol inhibits tumor growth induced by KRAS-WT and KRAS-G12V. CONCLUSION Collectively, this study suggests that Nrf2 could be a promising therapeutic target in KRAS-mediated dedifferentiation of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Gong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - L Xue
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - A C Vlantis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C A van Hasselt
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J Y K Chan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J Fang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Ministry of Education of China), Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China
| | - R Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Ministry of Education of China), Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China
| | - Y Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Ministry of Education of China), Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China
| | - D Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of ENT, Institute of ENT and Longgang ENT Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - X Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of ENT, Institute of ENT and Longgang ENT Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - M C F Tong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - G G Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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Peggion S, Najem S, Kolman JP, Reinshagen K, Pagerols Raluy L. Revisiting Neuroblastoma: Nrf2, NF-κB and Phox2B as a Promising Network in Neuroblastoma. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:3193-3208. [PMID: 38666930 PMCID: PMC11048850 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common solid extracranial tumor during childhood; it displays extraordinary heterogeneous clinical courses, from spontaneous regression to poor outcome in high-risk patients due to aggressive growth, metastasizing, and treatment resistance. Therefore, the identification and detailed analysis of promising tumorigenic molecular mechanisms are inevitable. This review highlights the abnormal regulation of NF-κB, Nrf2, and Phox2B as well as their interactions among each other in neuroblastoma. NF-κB and Nrf2 play a key role in antioxidant responses, anti-inflammatory regulation and tumor chemoresistance. Recent studies revealed a regulation of NF-κB by means of the Nrf2/antioxidant response element (ARE) system. On the other hand, Phox2B contributes to the differentiation of immature sympathetic nervous system stem cells: this transcription factor regulates the expression of RET, thereby facilitating cell survival and proliferation. As observed in other tumors, we presume striking interactions between NF-κB, Nrf2, and Phox2B, which might constitute an important crosstalk triangle, whose decompensation may trigger a more aggressive phenotype. Consequently, these transcription factors could be a promising target for novel therapeutic approaches and hence, further investigation on their regulation in neuroblastoma shall be reinforced.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Laia Pagerols Raluy
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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Zhu X, Bao W, Xie X, Chen B, Li R, Zhao J, Wu L, Yu Z, Li S, Zhu Q, Chen G, Li J. Liensinine inhibits progression of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma by regulating TGF-β1 /P-smad3 signaling through HIF-1a. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:772-784. [PMID: 38289159 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a high-grade malignant digestive system tumor with an insidious onset and unfavorable prognosis. Liensinine, a small molecule derived from plants, has been proven to have significant tumor suppressor activity in other cancers. However, there are no reports on whether liensinine can inhibit the proliferation or metastasis of ICC. This study aimed to explore the tumor-suppressive activity of liensinine in ICC and its underlying mechanisms. The phenotypic changes in ICC cells were monitored in vitro using cell function tests. Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses verified the efficacy of liensinine. Tumor-bearing nude mice were used to explore the effect of liensinine on tumors and its toxicity and side effects in vivo. Liensinine suppressed ICC cell proliferation and arrested the cell cycle at the G1 phase. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of ICC cells was also inhibited, thereby restraining their invasion and migration of tumor cells. In addition, this study found that the potential mechanism of liensinine inhibiting EMT may be via suppression of the TGF-β1/P-smad3 signaling pathway through hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1a). In vivo experiments showed that liensinine inhibited the growth of Hucc-T1 transplanted tumors in nude mice. Liensinine restrained the proliferation of ICC cells and suppressed EMT in ICC via the HIF-1a-mediated TGF-β1/P-smad3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenming Bao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaozai Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Rizhao Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jungang Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhengping Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shi Li
- Department of Urology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiandong Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Bioengineering Cross International Joint Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiacheng Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Khan F, Pandey P, Verma M, Upadhyay TK. Terpenoid-Mediated Targeting of STAT3 Signaling in Cancer: An Overview of Preclinical Studies. Biomolecules 2024; 14:200. [PMID: 38397437 PMCID: PMC10886526 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer has become one of the most multifaceted and widespread illnesses affecting human health, causing substantial mortality at an alarming rate. After cardiovascular problems, the condition has a high occurrence rate and ranks second in terms of mortality. The development of new drugs has been facilitated by increased research and a deeper understanding of the mechanisms behind the emergence and advancement of the disease. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies have repeatedly demonstrated the protective effects of natural terpenoids against a range of malignancies. Numerous potential bioactive terpenoids have been investigated in natural sources for their chemopreventive and chemoprotective properties. In practically all body cells, the signaling molecule referred to as signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is widely expressed. Numerous studies have demonstrated that STAT3 regulates its downstream target genes, including Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, cyclin D1, c-Myc, and survivin, to promote the growth of cells, differentiation, cell cycle progression, angiogenesis, and immune suppression in addition to chemotherapy resistance. Researchers viewed STAT3 as a primary target for cancer therapy because of its crucial involvement in cancer formation. This therapy primarily focuses on directly and indirectly preventing the expression of STAT3 in tumor cells. By explicitly targeting STAT3 in both in vitro and in vivo settings, it has been possible to explain the protective effect of terpenoids against malignant cells. In this study, we provide a complete overview of STAT3 signal transduction processes, the involvement of STAT3 in carcinogenesis, and mechanisms related to STAT3 persistent activation. The article also thoroughly summarizes the inhibition of STAT3 signaling by certain terpenoid phytochemicals, which have demonstrated strong efficacy in several preclinical cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Khan
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 602105, India;
| | - Pratibha Pandey
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, India
| | - Meenakshi Verma
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, India
- Department of Chemistry, University Institute of Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, India
| | - Tarun Kumar Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Research and Development Cell, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, India;
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Ngo HKC, Le H, Surh YJ. Nrf2, A Target for Precision Oncology in Cancer Prognosis and Treatment. J Cancer Prev 2023; 28:131-142. [PMID: 38205365 PMCID: PMC10774478 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2023.28.4.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Activating nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2), a master regulator of redox homeostasis, has been shown to suppress initiation of carcinogenesis in normal cells. However, this transcription factor has recently been reported to promote proliferation of some transformed or cancerous cells. In tumor cells, Nrf2 is prone to mutations that result in stabilization and concurrent accumulation of its protein product. A hyperactivated mutant form of Nrf2 could support the cancer cells for enhanced proliferation, invasiveness, and resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy, which are associated with a poor clinical outcome. Hence understanding mutations in Nrf2 would have a significant impact on the prognosis and treatment of cancer in the era of precision medicine. This perspective would provide an insight into the genetic alterations in Nrf2 and suggest the application of small molecules, RNAi, and genome editing technologies, particularly CRISR-Cas9, in therapeutic intervention of cancer in the context of the involvement of Nrf2 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Kieu Chi Ngo
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hoang Le
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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7
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Wu Z, Zhu Z, Cao J, Wu W, Deng C, Xie Q, Hu S. Prediction of network pharmacology, molecular docking-based strategy, and vitro assays to determine potential pharmacological mechanism of Dioscoreae bulbiferae and Bruceae fructus against laryngocarcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36771. [PMID: 38134081 PMCID: PMC10735085 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and vitro assays, investigate the probable pharmacological mechanism of Dioscoreae bulbiferae and Bruceae fructus in the treatment of laryngocarcinoma. METHODS The active components and targets of Dioscoreae bulbiferae and Bruceae fructus were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform database. Targets linked with laryngocarcinoma were gathered from the GeneCards, DisGeNET, and DrugBank databases. The String database was utilized to build a protein-protein interaction network of common medication and illness targets, after which the core targets were filtered out. The Metascape database served for gene ontology enrichment and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway analysis of common targets. AutoDock then performed molecular docking between the essential component and the vital target. To investigate the biological effects of diosbulbin B, we assessed the viability of laryngocarcinoma cells after diosbulbin B therapy using the Mahalanobis Taguchi system technique. Following that, we looked at how diosbulbin B affected colony formation after 14 days of culture of treated cells. Flow cytometry was utilized to detect apoptosis in order to examine the influence of diosbulbin B on laryngocarcinoma cell apoptosis. RESULTS According to a study of the literature, the fundamental components of Dioscoreae bulbiferae and Bruceae fructus in the treatment of laryngocarcinoma include brusatol and diosbulbin B, which may operate on core targets such as cyclin D1, Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 1A, and E2F Transcription Factor 1. The significant pathways discovered using Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment analysis were the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase B signaling route, the tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, and so on. These pathways primarily influence the development and prognosis of laryngeal cancer by controlling cell growth, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, and metastasis. The molecular docking studies revealed that the affinity between the heart and crucial targets was robust. The results of vitro assays indicate that diosbulbin B suppressed Hep-2 cell activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Besides, diosbulbin B has powerful antiproliferative properties in Hep-2 cells. Flow cytometry results showed that diosbulbin B promoted laryngocarcinoma cell apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSION The article delivered a preliminary discussion of the probable mechanism of Dioscoreae bulbiferae and Bruceae fructus in the treatment of laryngocarcinoma, which can serve as a theoretical basis and evidence for subsequent experimental investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongbiao Wu
- Jiangxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhongyan Zhu
- Jiangxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jian Cao
- Jiangxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Weikun Wu
- Jiangxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chengcheng Deng
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qiang Xie
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shiping Hu
- Jiangxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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8
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Kou L, Xie X, Chen X, Li B, Li J, Li Y. The progress of research on immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance and reversal strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:3953-3969. [PMID: 37917364 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03568-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in humans, which is prone to recurrence and metastasis and has a poor prognosis. The occurrence and progression of HCC are closely related to immune elimination, immune homeostasis, and immune escape of the immune system. In recent years, immunotherapy, represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has shown powerful anti-tumor capabilities in HCC patients. However, there are still some HCC patients who cannot benefit from ICIs treatment due to their innate or acquired drug resistance. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to explore the possible mechanisms of resistance to ICIs in HCC and to use them as a target to design strategies to reverse resistance, to overcome drug resistance in HCC and to improve the prognosis of patients. This article summarizes the possible primary (tumor microenvironment alteration, and signaling pathways, etc.) and acquired (immune checkpoint upregulation) resistance mechanisms in patients with HCC treated with ICIs, and based on this, discusses the status and effectiveness of combination drug strategy to reverse drug resistance, to provide a reference for subsequent related studies and decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiu Kou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaolu Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiu Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yaling Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
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Li Y, Tuerxun H, Liu X, Zhao Y, Wen S, Li Y, Cao J, Zhao Y. Nrf2--a hidden bridge linking cancer stem cells to ferroptosis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 190:104105. [PMID: 37598896 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a small population of stem cells existing in cancer cells, are considered as the "culprits" of tumor recurrence, metastasis, and drug resistance. Ferroptosis is a promising new lead in anti-cancer therapy. Because of unique metabolic characteristics, CSCs' growth is more dependent on the iron and lipid than ordinary cancer cells. When the metabolism of iron/lipid is disordered, that is, imbalanced redox homeostasis, CSCs are more susceptible to ferroptosis. The expression of Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a molecule playing a major regulatory role in redox homeostasis, determines whether the cells are under oxidative stress and ferroptosis occurs. Nrf2 expression level is higher in CSCs, indicating stronger dependence on Nrf2. Here we expound the unique biological and metabolic characteristics of CSCs, explore the mechanism of inducing ferroptosis by targeting Nrf2, thus providing promising new targets for eliminating aggressive tumors and achieving the goal of curing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Li
- Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Halahati Tuerxun
- Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Xingyu Liu
- Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yixin Zhao
- Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Shuhui Wen
- Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yaping Li
- Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Jingjing Cao
- Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yuguang Zhao
- Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
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10
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Lin L, Wu Q, Lu F, Lei J, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Zhu N, Yu Y, Ning Z, She T, Hu M. Nrf2 signaling pathway: current status and potential therapeutic targetable role in human cancers. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1184079. [PMID: 37810967 PMCID: PMC10559910 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1184079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a borderless global health challenge that continues to threaten human health. Studies have found that oxidative stress (OS) is often associated with the etiology of many diseases, especially the aging process and cancer. Involved in the OS reaction as a key transcription factor, Nrf2 is a pivotal regulator of cellular redox state and detoxification. Nrf2 can prevent oxidative damage by regulating gene expression with antioxidant response elements (ARE) to promote the antioxidant response process. OS is generated with an imbalance in the redox state and promotes the accumulation of mutations and genome instability, thus associated with the establishment and development of different cancers. Nrf2 activation regulates a plethora of processes inducing cellular proliferation, differentiation and death, and is strongly associated with OS-mediated cancer. What's more, Nrf2 activation is also involved in anti-inflammatory effects and metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and multidrug resistance. Nrf2 is highly expressed in multiple human body parts of digestive system, respiratory system, reproductive system and nervous system. In oncology research, Nrf2 has emerged as a promising therapeutic target. Therefore, certain natural compounds and drugs can exert anti-cancer effects through the Nrf2 signaling pathway, and blocking the Nrf2 signaling pathway can reduce some types of tumor recurrence rates and increase sensitivity to chemotherapy. However, Nrf2's dual role and controversial impact in cancer are inevitable consideration factors when treating Nrf2 as a therapeutic target. In this review, we summarized the current state of biological characteristics of Nrf2 and its dual role and development mechanism in different tumor cells, discussed Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway and its downstream genes, elaborated the expression of related signaling pathways such as AMPK/mTOR and NF-κB. Besides, the main mechanism of Nrf2 as a cancer therapeutic target and the therapeutic strategies using Nrf2 inhibitors or activators, as well as the possible positive and negative effects of Nrf2 activation were also reviewed. It can be concluded that Nrf2 is related to OS and serves as an important factor in cancer formation and development, thus provides a basis for targeted therapy in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Qing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Feifei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Jiaming Lei
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Department of Medical School of Facial Features, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Yifei Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Ni Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - You Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Zhifeng Ning
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Tonghui She
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Meichun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
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11
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Li E, Li C, Horn N, Ajuwon KM. Quercetin attenuates deoxynivalenol-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction by activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway in IPEC-J2 cells and weaned piglets. Curr Res Toxicol 2023; 5:100122. [PMID: 37720305 PMCID: PMC10500468 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2023.100122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of deoxynivalenol (DON), one of the most frequently occurring mycotoxin, in food and feed has been considered a risk factor to both human and animal health. Molecular mechanisms that regulate DON effects in tissues are still poorly understood. However, recent evidence suggests that nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (Nrf2) may be a major target during mycotoxin-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction. Although quercetin, a plant-derived flavonoid, is known to induce the activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway, its potential to mitigate effects of DON and the implication of Nrf2 in its physiological effects is poorly understood. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the protective effects of quercetin in alleviating the DON-induced barrier loss and intestinal injuries in IPEC-J2 cells and weaned piglets and determine the potential role of Nrf2. Quercetin treatment dose-dependently increased mRNA expression of Nrf2 target gene, NQO-1, and concomitantly increased the expression of claudin-4 at both mRNA and protein levels. Quercetin supplementation also reversed the reduction of claudin-4 caused by DON exposure in vivo and in vitro. The decreased membrane presence of claudin-4 and ZO-1 induced by DON was also blocked by quercetin. Furthermore, quercetin attenuated the endocytosis and degradation of claudin-4 caused by DON exposure. The effects of quercetin also included the restoration of transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and reduction of FITC-dextran permeability that have been perturbed by DON. However, the protective effects of quercetin against DON exposure were abolished by a specific Nrf2 inhibitor (brusatol), confirming the importance of Nrf2 in the regulation of TJP expression and barrier function by quercetin. In vivo study in weaned pigs showed that DON exposure impaired villus-crypt morphology as indicated by diffuse apical villus necrosis, villus atrophy and fusion. Notably, intestinal injuries caused by DON administration were partly mitigated by quercetin supplementation. Collectively, this study shows that quercetin could be used to prevent the DON-induced gut barrier dysfunction in humans and animals and the protective effects of quercetin against DON-induced intestinal barrier disruption is partly through Nrf2-dependent signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkai Li
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Chuang Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Nathan Horn
- United Animal Health, 322 S Main St #1113, Sheridan, IN 46069, USA
| | - Kolapo M. Ajuwon
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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12
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Suwattanasophon C, Mistlberger-Reiner A, Alberdi-Cedeño J, Pignitter M, Somoza V, König J, Lamtha T, Wanaragthai P, Kiriwan D, Choowongkomon K. Identification of the Brucea javanica Constituent Brusatol as a EGFR-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor in a Cell-Free Assay. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:28543-28552. [PMID: 37576644 PMCID: PMC10413460 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitors of the tyrosine kinase (TK) activity of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are routinely used in cancer therapy. However, there is a need to discover a new TK inhibitor. This study evaluated extracts from Brucea javanica and its components for their potential as novel EGFR-TK inhibitors. The cytotoxic effect of a g aqueous extract and its fractions was assessed by MTT assays with A549 lung cancer cells. The two fractions with the highest cytotoxicity were analyzed by LC/MS and 1H NMR. Brusatol was identified as the main constituent of these fractions, and its cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic activities were confirmed in A549 cells. To elucidate the inhibitory activity of brusatol against EGFR-TK, a specific ADP-GloTM kinase assay was used. In this assay, the IC50 value for EGFR-TK inhibition was 333.1 nM. Molecular dynamic simulations and docking experiments were performed to identify the binding pocket of brusatol to be located in the intracellular TK-domain of EGFR. This study demonstrates that brusatol inhibits EGFR-TK and therefore harbors a potential as a new therapeutic drug for the therapy of EGFR-depending cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonticha Suwattanasophon
- Department
of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart
University, 10900 Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Agnes Mistlberger-Reiner
- Department
of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jon Alberdi-Cedeño
- Department
of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Food
Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU), Paseo de la Universidad no 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Marc Pignitter
- Department
of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Somoza
- Department
of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Leibniz-Institute
for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
- Nutritional
Systems Biology, Technical University of
Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Jürgen König
- Department
of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomanai Lamtha
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart
University, 10900 Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Panatda Wanaragthai
- Interdisciplinary
Program of Genetic Engineering and Bioinformatics, Graduate School, Kasetsart University, 10900 Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Duangnapa Kiriwan
- Interdisciplinary
Program of Genetic Engineering and Bioinformatics, Graduate School, Kasetsart University, 10900 Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kiattawee Choowongkomon
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart
University, 10900 Bangkok, Thailand
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13
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Zhang J, Xu HX, Zhu JQ, Dou YX, Xian YF, Lin ZX. Natural Nrf2 Inhibitors: A Review of Their Potential for Cancer Treatment. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:3029-3041. [PMID: 37416770 PMCID: PMC10321279 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.82401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor that regulates redox homeostasis, plays a pivotal role in several cellular processes such as cell proliferation and survival, and has been found to be aberrantly activated in many cancers. As one of the key oncogenes, Nrf2 represents an important therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Research has unraveled the main mechanisms underlying the Nrf2 pathway regulation and the role of Nrf2 in promoting tumorigenesis. Many efforts have been made to develop potent Nrf2 inhibitors, and several clinical trials are being conducted on some of these inhibitors. Natural products are well-recognized as a valuable source for development of novel therapeutics for cancer. So far, a number of natural compounds have been identified as Nrf2 inhibitors, such as apigenin, luteolin, and quassinoids compounds including brusatol and brucein D. These Nrf2 inhibitors have been found to mediate an oxidant response and display therapeutic effects in different types of human cancers. In this article, we reviewed the structure and function of the Nrf2/Keap1 system and the development of natural Nrf2 inhibitors with an emphasis on their biological function on cancer. The current status regarding the Nrf2 as a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment was also summarized. It is hoped that this review will stimulate research on naturally occurring Nrf2 inhibitors as therapeutic candidates for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hong-Xi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jia-Qian Zhu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yao-Xing Dou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Fang Xian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhi-Xiu Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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14
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Guo SB, Du S, Cai KY, Cai HJ, Huang WJ, Tian XP. A scientometrics and visualization analysis of oxidative stress modulator Nrf2 in cancer profiles its characteristics and reveals its association with immune response. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17075. [PMID: 37342570 PMCID: PMC10277599 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nrf2, an essential and fascinating transcription factor, enjoys a dual property in the occurrence and development of inflammation and cancer. For over two decades, numerous studies regarding Nrf2 in cancer have been reported, whereas there is still a lack of a scientometrics and visualization analysis of Nrf2 in cancer. Hence, a scientometric study regarding the oxidative stress modulator Nrf2 was implemented. Methods After the quality screening, we defined 7168 relevant studies from 2000 to 2021. CiteSpace, VOSviewer, R software, and GraphPad Prism were used for the following scientometric study and visualization analysis, including field profiles, research hotspots, and future predictions. Results The total number of publications and citations are 1058 and 54,690, respectively. After polynomial fitting curve analysis, two prediction functions of the annual publication number (y = 3.3909x2 - 13585x + 1 E+07) and citation number (185.45x2 - 743669x + 7 E+08) were generated. After scientometric analysis, we found that Biochemistry Molecular Biology correlates with Nrf2 in cancer highly, and Free Radical Biology and Medicine is a good choice for submitting Nrf2-related manuscripts. The current research hotspots of Nrf2 in cancer mainly focus on cancer therapy and its cellular and molecular mechanisms. "antioxidant response element (87.5)", "gene expression (43.98)", "antioxidant responsive element (21.14)", "chemoprevention (20.05)", "carcinogenesis (19.2)", "cancer chemoprevention (18.45)", "free radical (17.15)", "response element (14.17)", and "chemopreventive agent (14.04)" are important for cancer therapy study. In addition, "glutathione-S-transferase (47)", "keap1 (15.39)", and "heme oxygenase 1 gene (24.35)" are important for inflammation and cell fate study. More interestingly, by performing an "InfoMap" algorithm, the thematic map showed that the "immune response" is essential to oxidative stress modulator Nrf2 but not well developed, indicating it deserves further exploration. Conclusion This study revealed field profiles, research hotspots, and future directions of oxidative stress modulator Nrf2 in inflammation and cancer research, and our findings will offer a vigorous roadmap for further studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Bin Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Sheng Du
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, PR China
| | - Ke-Yu Cai
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China
| | - Han-Jia Cai
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, PR China
| | - Wei-Juan Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Xiao-Peng Tian
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
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15
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Solomou G, Finch A, Asghar A, Bardella C. Mutant IDH in Gliomas: Role in Cancer and Treatment Options. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112883. [PMID: 37296846 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered metabolism is a common feature of many cancers and, in some cases, is a consequence of mutation in metabolic genes, such as the ones involved in the TCA cycle. Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) is mutated in many gliomas and other cancers. Physiologically, IDH converts isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), but when mutated, IDH reduces α-KG to D2-hydroxyglutarate (D2-HG). D2-HG accumulates at elevated levels in IDH mutant tumours, and in the last decade, a massive effort has been made to develop small inhibitors targeting mutant IDH. In this review, we summarise the current knowledge about the cellular and molecular consequences of IDH mutations and the therapeutic approaches developed to target IDH mutant tumours, focusing on gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Solomou
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Division of Academic Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Alina Finch
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Asim Asghar
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Chiara Bardella
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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16
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Li J, Zhang J, Zhu Y, Afolabi LO, Chen L, Feng X. Natural Compounds, Optimal Combination of Brusatol and Polydatin Promote Anti-Tumor Effect in Breast Cancer by Targeting Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098265. [PMID: 37175972 PMCID: PMC10179160 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has been clearly recognized as a heterogeneous tumor with the worst prognosis among the subtypes of breast cancer (BC). The advent and application of current small-molecule drugs for treating TNBC, as well as other novel inhibitors, among others, have made treatment options for TNBC more selective. However, there are still problems, such as poor patient tolerance, large administration doses, high dosing frequency, and toxic side effects, necessitating the development of more efficient and less toxic treatment strategies. High expression of Nrf2, a vital antioxidant transcription factor, often promotes tumor progression, and it is also one of the most effective targets in BC therapy. We found that in MDA-MB-231 cells and SUM159 cells, brusatol (BRU) combined with polydatin (PD) could significantly inhibit cell proliferation in vitro, significantly downregulate the expression of Nrf2 protein as well as the expression of downstream related target genes Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1 (NQO1), and promote reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels to further strengthen the anti-tumor effect. Furthermore, we discovered in our in vivo experiments that by reducing the drug dosage three times, we could significantly reduce tumor cell growth while avoiding toxic side effects, providing a treatment method with greater clinical application value for TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Shenzhen Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Center for Protein and Cell-Based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jianchao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Shenzhen Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Center for Protein and Cell-Based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lukman O Afolabi
- Shenzhen Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Center for Protein and Cell-Based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Shenzhen Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Center for Protein and Cell-Based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xuesong Feng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
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17
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Guo Z, Li N, Jiang Y, Zhang L, Tong L, Wang Y, Lv P, Li X, Han C, Lin J. HOXB9 a miR-122-5p regulated gene, suppressed the anticancer effects of brassaol by upregulating SCD1 expression in melanoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114650. [PMID: 37031492 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Brusatol (Bru), a Chinese medicine Brucea javanica extract, has a variety of antitumour effects. However, its role and underlying mechanism in melanoma have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we found that brusatol inhibited melanoma cell proliferation and migration and promoted cell apoptosis in vitro, in addition to suppressing melanoma cell tumorigenesis in vivo. Further studies on the mechanism revealed that brusatol significantly downregulated the expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1). Increased SCD1 expression could impair the antitumour effects of brusatol on melanoma cells. Subsequently, we found that HOXB9, an important transcription factor, was directly bound to the promoter of SCD1, facilitating its transcription. Overexpression of HOXB9 inhibited brusatol-induced SCD1 reduction and promoted cell survival. Furthermore, our results revealed that miR-122-5p was significantly increased in response to brusatol treatment and led to a decrease in HOXB9 in melanoma. Collectively, our data suggested that the miR-122-5p/HOXB9/SCD1 axis might play an important role in the antitumour effects of brusatol and that brusatol might have potential clinical implications in melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Guo
- Department of Dermatology of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuankuan Jiang
- Department of Dermatology of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Lidong Tong
- Department of Dermatology of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yipin Wang
- Department of Dermatology of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Lv
- The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaojie Li
- College of Stomatology Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chuanchun Han
- Department of Dermatology of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingrong Lin
- Department of Dermatology of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Arena A, Romeo MA, Benedetti R, Gilardini Montani MS, Santarelli R, Gonnella R, D'Orazi G, Cirone M. NRF2 and STAT3: friends or foes in carcinogenesis? Discov Oncol 2023; 14:37. [PMID: 37000324 PMCID: PMC10064365 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00644-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
NRF2 is a transcription factor that plays a pivotal role in carcinogenesis, also through the interaction with several pro-survival pathways. NRF2 controls the transcription of detoxification enzymes and a variety of other molecules impinging in several key biological processes. This perspective will focus on the complex interplay of NRF2 with STAT3, another transcription factor often aberrantly activated in cancer and driving tumorigenesis as well as immune suppression. Both NRF2 and STAT3 can be regulated by ER stress/UPR activation and their cross-talk influences and is influenced by autophagy and cytokines, contributing to shape the microenvironment, and both control the execution of DDR, also by regulating the expression of HSPs. Given the importance of these transcription factors, more investigations aimed at better elucidating the outcome of their networking could help to discover new and more efficacious strategies to fight cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Arena
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Anele Romeo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Benedetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Santarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Gonnella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella D'Orazi
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio", 66013, Chieti, Italy
- School of Medicine, UniCamillus International University, 00131, Rome, Italy
| | - Mara Cirone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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19
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Tossetta G, Marzioni D. Targeting the NRF2/KEAP1 pathway in cervical and endometrial cancers. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 941:175503. [PMID: 36641100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cervical and endometrial cancers are among the most dangerous gynaecological malignancies, with high fatality and recurrence rates due to frequent diagnosis at an advanced stage and chemoresistance onset. The NRF2/KEAP1 signalling pathway plays an important role in protecting cells against oxidative damage due to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. NRF2, activated by ROS, induces the expression of antioxidant enzymes such as heme oxygenase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase which neutralize ROS, protecting cells against oxidative stress damage. However, activation of NRF2/KEAP1 signalling in cancer cells results in chemoresistance, inactivating drug-mediated oxidative stress and protecting cancer cells from drug-induced cell death. We review the literature on the role of the NRF2/KEAP1 pathway in cervical and endometrial cancers, with a focus on the expression of its components and downstream genes. We also examine the role of the NRF2/KEAP1 pathway in chemotherapy resistance and how this pathway can be modulated by natural and synthetic modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126, Ancona, Italy; Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 60126, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126, Ancona, Italy
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Brusatol: A potential sensitizing agent for cancer therapy from Brucea javanica. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114134. [PMID: 36525821 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is currently the most important problem endangering human health. As antitumor drugs have always been the most common methods for treating cancers, searching for new antitumor agents is of great significance. Brusatol, a quassinoid from the seeds of Brucea javanica, exhibits a potent tumor-suppressing effect with improved disease outcome. Studies have shown that brusatol not only shows potential tumor inhibition through multiple pharmacological effects, such as promoting apoptosis and inhibiting metastasis but also exhibits significant synergistic antitumor effects in combination with chemotherapeutic agents and overcoming chemical resistance in a wide range of cancer types. In this paper, the antitumor effects and mechanisms of brusatol were reviewed to provide evidence that brusatol has the exact antitumor efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents and show the potential of brusatol to be developed as a promising antitumor drug.
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Beeraka NM, Zhang J, Zhao D, Liu J, A U C, Vikram Pr H, Shivaprakash P, Bannimath N, Manogaran P, Sinelnikov MY, Bannimath G, Fan R. Combinatorial Implications of Nrf2 Inhibitors with FN3K Inhibitor: In vitro Breast Cancer Study. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:2408-2425. [PMID: 37861038 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128261466231011114600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platinum derivatives are chemotherapeutic agents preferred for the treatment of cancers including breast cancer. Oxaliplatin is an anticancer drug that is in phase II studies to treat metastatic breast cancer. However, its usage is constrained by chemoresistance and dose-related side effects. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to examine the combinatorial efficacy of brusatol, an Nrf2 blocker, with oxaliplatin (a proven FN3K blocker in our study) in mitigating breast cancer growth in vitro. METHODS We performed cytotoxicity assays, combination index (CI) analysis, colony formation assays, apoptosis assays, and Western blotting. RESULTS Results of our study described the chemosensitizing efficacy of brusatol in combination with lowdose oxaliplatin against breast cancer through synergistic effects in both BT-474 and T47D cells. A significant mitigation in the migration rate of these cancer cells was observed with the combination regimen, which is equivalent to the IC-50 dose of oxaliplatin (125 μM). Furthermore, ROS-mediated and apoptotic modes of cell death were observed with a combinatorial regimen. Colony formation of breast cancer cell lines was mitigated with a combinatorial regimen of bursatol and oxaliplatin than the individual treatment regimen. FN3K expression downregulated with oxaliplatin in T47D cells. The mitigation of FN3K protein expression with a combination regimen was not observed but the Nrf2 downstream antioxidant signaling proteins were significantly downregulated with a combination regimen similar to individual drug regimens. CONCLUSION Our study concluded the combination efficacy of phytochemicals like brusatol in combination with low-dose oxaliplatin (FN3K blocker), which could enhance the chemosensitizing effect in breast cancer and minimize the overall dose requirement of oxaliplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narasimha M Beeraka
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshedong Str., Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216, USA
| | - Di Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Junqi Liu
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshedong Str., Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshedong Str., Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Chinnappa A U
- Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Hemanth Vikram Pr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
- Xenone Healthcare Pvt. Ltd, #318, Third Floor, US Complex, Jasola, New Delhi 110076, India
| | - Priyanka Shivaprakash
- Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Namitha Bannimath
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Prasath Manogaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India
| | - Mikhail Y Sinelnikov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991, Russia
- Sinelab Biomedical Research Center, Minnesota 55905, USA
| | - Gurupadayya Bannimath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ruitai Fan
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshedong Str., Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshedong Str., Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Huang QH, Zhang J, Cho WCS, Huang Y, Yang W, Zuo Z, Xian YF, Lin ZX. Brusatol suppresses the tumor growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer via upregulating ARRDC4 expression through modulating PI3K/YAP1/TAZ Pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154567. [PMID: 36610120 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers with high metastasis and lethality. Arrestin domain-containing 4 (ARRDC4) is involved in inhibiting cancer glycolytic phenotypes. Brusatol (BR), extracted from Bruceae Fructus, exerts good anti-cancer effects against a number of cancers. PURPOSE In the present study, we aimed to explore the efficacy of BR on inhibiting CRC metastasis and elucidate the underlying mechanisms involving the upregulation of the ARRDC4 expression. METHODS Cell viability, colony formation, wound healing and transwell assay were used to detect the anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic effects of BR against CRC in vitro. Microarray analysis was performed to find out differential genes in CRC cells after treatment with BR. Analysis of the CRC patients tumor samples and GEPIA database were first conducted to identify the expression of ARRDC4 on CRC. Stable overexpression and knockdown of ARRDC4 CRC cells were established by lentiviral transfection. The role of ARRDC4 in mediating the anti-metastatic effects of BR on CRC was measured using qRT-PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analysis. Orthotopic xenograft and pulmonary metastasis mouse models of CRC were established to determine the anti-cancer and anti-metastatic effects of ARRDC4 and BR. RESULTS BR markedly suppressed the cell proliferation, migration, invasion and inhibited tumor growth and tumor metastasis. Microarray analysis demonstrated that BR treatment markedly increased the gene expression of ARRDC4 in CRC cells. ARRDC4 was significantly repressed in CRC in the clinical samples and GEPIA analysis. ARRDC4 overexpression plus BR produced better inhibitory effects on CRC metastasis than BR treatment alone, while ARRDC4 knockdown could partially eliminate the inhibitory effects of BR against CRC metastasis. BR exerted anti-metastatic effects against CRC via upregulating ARRDC4 and inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) processing through modulating PI3K/Hippo pathway. CONCLUSION This study reported for the first time that BR is a potent ARRDC4 agonist, and is worthy of further development into a new therapeutic strategy for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong-Hui Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - William Chi Shing Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Yanfeng Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Wen Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Zhong Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
| | - Yan-Fang Xian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
| | - Zhi-Xiu Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, PR China; Hong Kong Institute of Integrative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
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Fan K, Zhang S, Ni X, Shen S, Wang J, Sun W, Suo T, Liu H, Ni X, Liu H. KRAS G12D mutation eliminates reactive oxygen species through the Nrf2/CSE/H 2S axis and contributes to pancreatic cancer growth. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:1731-1739. [PMID: 36514219 PMCID: PMC9828102 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In pancreatic cancer, KRAS G12D can trigger pancreatic cancer initiation and development. Rapid tumor growth is often accompanied by excess intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which is unfavorable to tumor. However, the regulation of intracellular ROS levels in KRAS mutant pancreatic cancer remains unclear. In this study, we establish BxPC3 stable cell strains expressing KRAS wild type (WT) and G12D mutation and find unchanged ROS levels despite higher glycolysis and proliferation viability in KRAS mutant cells than KRAS WT cells. The key hydrogen sulfide (H 2S)-generating enzyme cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) is upregulated in KRAS mutant BxPC3 cells, and its knockdown significantly increases intracellular ROS levels and decreases cell glycolysis and proliferation. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is activated by KRAS mutation to promote CSE transcription. An Nrf2 binding site (‒47/‒39 bp) in the CSE promoter is verified. CSE overexpression and the addition of NaHS after Nrf2 knockdown or inhibition by brusatol decreases ROS levels and rescues cell proliferation. Our study reveals the regulatory mechanism of intracellular ROS levels in KRAS mutant pancreatic cancer cells, which provides a potential target for pancreatic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Fan
- Department of General SurgeryCentral Hospital of Xuhui DistrictShanghai200032China
- Department of General SurgeryZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Biliary Tract Disease Center of Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Biliary Tract Disease InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Cancer CenterZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Shulong Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryCentral Hospital of Xuhui DistrictShanghai200032China
| | - Xiaojian Ni
- Department of General SurgeryZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Biliary Tract Disease Center of Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Biliary Tract Disease InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Cancer CenterZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Sheng Shen
- Department of General SurgeryCentral Hospital of Xuhui DistrictShanghai200032China
- Department of General SurgeryZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Biliary Tract Disease Center of Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Biliary Tract Disease InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Cancer CenterZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Jiwen Wang
- Department of General SurgeryZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Biliary Tract Disease Center of Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Biliary Tract Disease InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Cancer CenterZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Wentao Sun
- Department of General SurgeryZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Biliary Tract Disease Center of Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Biliary Tract Disease InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Cancer CenterZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Tao Suo
- Department of General SurgeryZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Biliary Tract Disease Center of Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Biliary Tract Disease InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Cancer CenterZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of General SurgeryZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Biliary Tract Disease Center of Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Biliary Tract Disease InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Cancer CenterZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Xiaoling Ni
- Department of General SurgeryZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Biliary Tract Disease Center of Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Biliary Tract Disease InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Cancer CenterZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Houbao Liu
- Department of General SurgeryCentral Hospital of Xuhui DistrictShanghai200032China
- Department of General SurgeryZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Biliary Tract Disease Center of Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Biliary Tract Disease InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Cancer CenterZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
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Luna-López A, Flores-González GA, Rivera-Ruz IA, Librado-Osorio R, Erosa-De Haro LA, Königsberg M, Alarcón-Aguilar A. Methotrexate Induces an Antioxidant Hormetic Response in Primary Rat Astrocytes. Dose Response 2022; 20:15593258221130752. [PMCID: PMC9619289 DOI: 10.1177/15593258221130752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases have increased worldwide in recent years. Their relationship with oxidative stress has motivated the research to find therapies and medications capable of suppressing oxidative damage and therefore slowing the progression of these diseases. Glutathione (GSH) is the most important cellular antioxidant in living beings and is responsible for regulating the cellular redox state. However, GSH cannot be administered by any route of administration, so molecules that increase its levels by activating Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway are explored; since Nrf2 regulates the main genes involved in GSH de novo synthesis and recycling. Astrocytes are the most important cell-type in the antioxidant cell response and are responsible for providing GSH and other substrates for neurons to have an efficient antioxidant response. Methotrexate (MTX) is an anti-inflammatory agent that has different cellular effects when administered at low or high concentrations. So in this study, we used MTX different concentrations and exposure times to induce a hormetic antioxidant response in rat primary astrocytes. Our results showed that 20 nM MTX pre-conditioning for 12 h augmented the GSH/GSSG ratio and protected cellular viability against a toxic MTX and H2O2 insult, which was abrogated when Nrf2 was inhibited by brusatol. Hence, MTX subsequent studies as a drug to counteract the progression of some stress-associated neurodegenerative diseases are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Luna-López
- Departamento de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, CDMX, México
| | - Giovanna Adonahi Flores-González
- Laboratorio de Bioenergética y Envejecimiento Celular, Depto. de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, CDMX, México
| | - Itzel Alejandra Rivera-Ruz
- Laboratorio de Bioenergética y Envejecimiento Celular, Depto. de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, CDMX, México
| | - Raúl Librado-Osorio
- Departamento de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, CDMX, México
| | | | - Mina Königsberg
- Laboratorio de Bioenergética y Envejecimiento Celular, Depto. de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, CDMX, México
| | - Adriana Alarcón-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Bioenergética y Envejecimiento Celular, Depto. de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, CDMX, México,Adriana Alarcón-Aguilar, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, A.P. 55-535, México D.F. C.P 09340, México.
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25
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Huang CH, Wang FT, Chan WH. Role of caspase-3-cleaved/activated PAK2 in brusatol-triggered apoptosis of human lung cancer A549 cells. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2022; 11:791-803. [PMID: 36337251 PMCID: PMC9623572 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfac057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Brusatol, a major quassinoid extract of Bruceae fructus, is an important bioactive component with antineoplastic capacity. Several beneficial pharmacological and biological properties of brusatol have been uncovered to date, including anti-inflammatory, anticolitis, antimalarial, and anticancer activities. To confer anticancer benefits, brusatol is reported to effectively inhibit the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response and trigger apoptotic signaling. In this study, we investigated the regulatory mechanisms underlying apoptotic processes in brusatol-treated A549 cells in detail. Our experiments showed that brusatol induces cell death through intracellular ROS-triggered mitochondria-dependent apoptotic events and does not involve necrosis. Mechanistically, p21-activated protein kinase 2 (PAK2) was cleaved by caspase-3 to generate an activated p34 fragment involved in brusatol-induced apoptosis of A549 cells. Notably, PAK2 knockdown led to downregulation of caspase-3-mediated PAK2 activity, in turn, effectively attenuating brusatol-induced apoptosis, highlighting a crucial role of caspase-3-activated PAK2 in this process. Moreover, knockdown of PAK2 resulted in significant inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activity in brusatol-treated A549 cells, clearly suggesting that JNK serves as a downstream substrate of caspase-3-cleaved/activated PAK2 in the apoptotic cascade. SP600125, a specific JNK inhibitor, significantly suppressed brusatol-induced JNK activity but only partially prevented apoptosis, implying that JNK serves as only one of a number of substrates for PAK2 in the brusatol-triggered apoptotic cascade. Based on the collective results, we propose a signaling cascade model for brusatol-induced apoptosis in human A549 cells involving ROS, caspases, PAK2, and JNK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsun Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Zhongshan Road, Taoyuan District, Taoyuan City 33004, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Ting Wang
- Rehabilitation and Technical Aid Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Section 2, Shipai Road, Beitou District, Taipei City 11217, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsiung Chan
- Department of Bioscience Technology and Center for Nanotechnology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Zhongbei Road, Zhongli District, Taoyuan City 32023, Taiwan
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Zhang S, Sui M, Zhang Z, Su Y. Brusatol From Brucea javanica Suppresses Arsenic Trioxide-Induced PD-L1 Upregulation Through Inhibition of NRF2 in Leukemia Cells. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221132699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of programed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is associated with poor prognosis in leukemia. Moreover, antitumor pharmaceuticals have been shown to induce immunoresistance, leading to reduced efficacy. Previous studies have indicated that arsenic trioxide (ATO) promotes immune evasion by inducing PD-L1 expression in solid tumors; however, little is known about its role in leukemia. A proportion of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia were resistant to ATO therapy. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of ATO on the expression of PD-L1 in leukemia cells and the underlying mechanism mediated through the nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor (NRF2) protein. Brusatol, extracted from Brucea javanica, was selected as a unique NRF2 inhibitor, and we evaluated the possibility of using a regimen combining ATO/Brusatol in leukemia therapy. Promyelocytic NB4 and lymphocytic Jurkat cells were treated with ATO and brusatol either alone or in combination. We found that ATO significantly upregulated the expression of PD-L1 in NB4 and Jurkat cells at both the protein and mRNA levels compared with its expression in the untreated cell group. Mechanistically, ATO increased nuclear NRF2 expression and the extent of NRF2 binding to the PD-L1 promoter. Pharmacological inhibition of NRF2 by brusatol significantly blocked this effect, thereby reducing ATO-induced PD-L1 expression. In addition, the combination of brusatol and ATO showed stronger cytotoxicity than ATO alone indicated by cell counting kit-8 assay. Therefore, brusatol may further enhance the antileukemia effect of ATO not only by inhibiting ATO-induced PD-L1 expression but also by enhancing ATO-induced cytotoxicity. Our study provides a rationale for the clinical application of ATO/brusatol combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Meijuan Sui
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Su
- First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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Ballout F, Lu H, Chen Z, Hu T, Chen L, Washington MK, El-Rifai W, Peng D. Targeting NRF2 Sensitizes Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Cells to Cisplatin through Induction of Ferroptosis and Apoptosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1859. [PMID: 36290582 PMCID: PMC9598457 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), the predominant type of esophageal cancer in the United States, develops through Barrett's esophagus (BE)-dysplasia-carcinoma cascade. Gastroesophageal reflux disease, where acidic bile salts refluxate into the esophagus, is the main risk factor for the development of BE and its progression to EAC. The NFE2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is the master cellular antioxidant regulator. We detected high NRF2 protein levels in the EAC cell lines and primary tissues. Knockdown of NRF2 significantly enhanced acidic bile salt-induced oxidative stress, DNA damage, and inhibited EAC cell growth. Brusatol, an NRF2 inhibitor, significantly inhibited NRF2 transcriptional activity and downregulated the NRF2 target genes. We discovered that in addition to inducing apoptosis, Brusatol alone or in combination with cisplatin (CDDP) induced significant lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis, as evidenced by reduced xCT and GPX4 expression, two known ferroptosis markers. The combination of Brusatol and CDDP significantly inhibited EAC tumor xenograft growth in vivo and confirmed the in vitro data showing ferroptosis as an important mechanism in the tumors treated with Brusatol or Brusatol and CDDP combination. Our data support the role of NRF2 in protecting against stress-induced apoptosis and ferroptosis in EACs. Targeting NRF2 in combination with platinum therapy can be an effective strategy for eliminating cancer cells in EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Ballout
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Heng Lu
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Tianling Hu
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Mary Kay Washington
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Wael El-Rifai
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami Healthcare System, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Dunfa Peng
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Miami Healthcare System, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Jorge J, Magalhães N, Alves R, Lapa B, Gonçalves AC, Sarmento-Ribeiro AB. Antitumor Effect of Brusatol in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Models Is Triggered by Reactive Oxygen Species Accumulation. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092207. [PMID: 36140308 PMCID: PMC9496058 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is one of the most common hematological malignancies at pediatric ages and is characterized by different chromosomal rearrangements and genetic abnormalities involved in the differentiation and proliferation of lymphoid precursor cells. Brusatol is a quassinoid plant extract extensively studied due to its antineoplastic effect through global protein synthesis and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (NRF2) signaling inhibition. NRF2 is the main regulator of cellular antioxidant response and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which plays an important role in oxidative stress regulation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of brusatol in in vitro models of ALL. KOPN-8 (B-ALL), CEM (T-ALL), and MOLT-4 (T-ALL) cell lines were incubated with increasing concentrations of brusatol, and the metabolic activity was evaluated using the resazurin assay. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate cell death, cell cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψmit), and to measure ROS and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. Our results show that brusatol promoted a decrease in metabolic activity in ALL cell lines in a time-, dose-, and cell-line-dependent manner. Brusatol induced a cytostatic effect by cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 in all cell lines; however, cell death mediated by apoptosis was only observed in T-ALL cells. Brusatol leads to an oxidative stress imbalance by the increase in ROS levels, namely, superoxide anion. Redox imbalance and cellular apoptosis induced by brusatol are highly modulated by mitochondria disruption as a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential is detected. These data suggest that brusatol might represent a new therapeutic approach for acute lymphoblastic leukemia, particularly for ALL T-cell lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Jorge
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH) and University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR)—Group of Environmental Genetics of Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-061 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nisa Magalhães
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH) and University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raquel Alves
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH) and University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR)—Group of Environmental Genetics of Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-061 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Lapa
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH) and University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR)—Group of Environmental Genetics of Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Cristina Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH) and University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR)—Group of Environmental Genetics of Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-061 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: (A.C.G.); (A.B.S.-R.); Tel.: +351-239-480-024 (A.C.G.)
| | - Ana Bela Sarmento-Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH) and University Clinic of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR)—Group of Environmental Genetics of Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra (FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-061 Coimbra, Portugal
- Hematology Service, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), 3000-061 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: (A.C.G.); (A.B.S.-R.); Tel.: +351-239-480-024 (A.C.G.)
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Chen Z, He B, Zhao J, Li J, Zhu Y, Li L, Bao W, Zheng J, Yu H, Chen G. Brusatol suppresses the growth of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma by PI3K/Akt pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 104:154323. [PMID: 35858516 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a malignancy with a hidden onset, high metastasis recurrence rate, and poor prognosis. Research on effective drugs for ICC is important for improving the prognosis of patients in the clinic. Brusatol is a quassinoid extracted from the seeds of Brucea sumatrana and has been shown to have the potential to inhibit tumor metastasis and proliferation. There has been no scientific research on the therapeutic effect of brusatol on ICC. Our study offers a novel strategy for the therapy of ICC. PURPOSE Explore effects of brusatol treatment on ICC and clarify the possible mechanism. STUDY DESIGN Various cell functional experiments and basic experimental techniques were applied to ICC cell lines to explore the influences of brusatol on ICC cells; this conclusion was further verified in animal models. METHODS The anti-cancer effects of the drug on the cell, protein, and RNA level were verified by cell functional experiments, WB blotting and transcriptome sequencing experiments, respectively. Finally, the experimental results were verified using subcutaneous tumor experiments in nude mice. RESULTS The consequences exhibited that the levels of epithelial markers of ICC cells increased after brusatol treatment, and the levels of interstitial indicators decreased, suppressing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Brusatol inhibited proliferation, induced apoptosis, and suppressed the migration and invasion abilities of Hucc-T1 and RBE oncocytes via activating PI3K/Akt pathway. It also suppressed the growth of Hucc-T1 xenografts in nude mice. CONCLUSION Brusatol inhibits the proliferation and EMT process in ICC oncocytes by the PI3K/Akt pathway and promotes apoptosis in oncocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bangjie He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jungang Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiacheng Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yifeng Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Leilei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenming Bao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiuyi Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haitao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Tian Z, Yang Y, Wu H, Chen Y, Jia H, Zhu L, He R, Jin Y, Zhou B, Ge C, Sun Y, Yang Y. The Nrf2 inhibitor brusatol synergistically enhances the cytotoxic effect of lapatinib in HER2-positive cancers. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10410. [PMID: 36090218 PMCID: PMC9449760 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Ardıl B, Alper M. Potential cancer treatment effects of brusatol or eriodictyol combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in colorectal cancer cell. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2022; 395:1109-1123. [PMID: 35857038 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02270-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is among the most frequently diagnosed cancers in patients today. In the treatment of this disease, combination or multicomponent therapy has been identified as a potential method to improve patient response and delay side effects. The aim of this study was to determine the effects on cell viability of commercial Bru and Erio used together with the anticancer drug 5-FU in the human colorectal cancer (CRC) cell line (HT-29 cell line) for the first time, as far as can be determined from available literature at this time. Additionally, the research seeks to study any potential effects on apoptosis. For this purpose, the effects of independent and combined treatments of the aforementioned agents on cell viability were investigated through the MTT experiment. Apoptotic effects were determined by Annexin V/PI and real-time PCR methods. In addition, a cell cycle analysis was used to determine the distribution of cells in the cycle. Data from experiments for 48 h showed that Bru, alone or in combination with 5-FU, is capable of causing an increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells in HT-29 cells compared to those of Erio alone or in combination with 5-FU. A significant increase in the level of bax and caspase-3 apoptotic genes was also detected in combinations of IC50 concentrations of Bru and 5-FU. These findings suggest that unlike Erio, Bru alone or in combination with 5-FU may be useful for increasing the effects of 5-FU used in the treatment of CRC and to provide data on alternative treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buse Ardıl
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, 48000, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Mehlika Alper
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, 48000, Mugla, Turkey.
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Ma S, Zhou X, Wang Y, Li Z, Wang Y, Shi J, Guan F. MG53 protein rejuvenates hUC-MSCs and facilitates their therapeutic effects in AD mice by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway. Redox Biol 2022; 53:102325. [PMID: 35525026 PMCID: PMC9079718 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) transplantation is a promising therapy for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, hUC-MSCs cultured in vitro easily exhibit replicative senescence, which restricts their application. Although MG53 protein demonstrates multiple roles for a variety of cells and tissues repair, it remains unknown whether MG53 could rejuvenate senescent hUC-MSCs and enhance their efficacy in AD model. Here, we firstly presented that MG53 reinstated senescent hUC-MSCs via the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway by increasing cell proliferation and migration, ameliorating senescence and oxidative stress, and decreasing the release of senescence-associated secretory phenotype. In vivo studies showed that MG53 treatment improved the therapeutic effect of senescent hUC-MSCs in AD mice. Furthermore, MG53 combined with young hUC-MSCs transplantation alleviated cognitive deficit and depression-like behavior in AD mice, reduced Aβ deposition and Tau phosphorylation, promoted neurogenesis, and inhibited glia cells activation and oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2 signaling. Moreover, these neuroprotective effects mediated by MG53 and hUC-MSCs were partly reversed by Brusatol, a specific inhibitor of Nrf2 signaling. Taken together, our study revealed that MG53 could rejuvenate senescent hUC-MSCs and facilitate their efficacy in AD mice at least partly through activating Nrf2 signaling pathway, which suggest that the combined therapy of MG53 and hUC-MSCs may be a novel and effective strategy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, Henan Institute of Reproduction Health Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Xinkui Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Zhe Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Jijing Shi
- Key Medical Laboratory of Stem Cell Transformation and Application, The First People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Fangxia Guan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, Henan Institute of Reproduction Health Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China; Key Medical Laboratory of Stem Cell Transformation and Application, The First People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
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Kadian LK, Arora M, Prasad CP, Pramanik R, Chauhan SS. Signaling pathways and their potential therapeutic utility in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:1014-1032. [PMID: 34990001 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02763-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is a complex gastrointestinal malignancy with an extremely poor outcome. Approximately 80% of cases of this malignancy in Asian countries including India are of squamous cell origin, termed Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC).The five-year survival rate in ESCC patients is less than 20%. Neo-adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (NACRT) followed by surgical resection remains the major therapeutic strategy for patients with operable ESCC. However, resistance to NACRT and local recurrence after initial treatment are the leading cause of dismal outcomes in these patients. Therefore, an alternative strategy to promote response to the therapy and reduce the post-operative disease recurrence is highly needed. At the molecular level, wide variations have been observed in tumor characteristics among different populations, nevertheless, several common molecular features have been identified which orchestrate disease progression and clinical outcome in the malignancy. Therefore, determination of candidate molecular pathways for targeted therapy remains the mainstream idea of focus in ESCC research. In this review, we have discussed the key signaling pathways associated with ESCC, i.e., Notch, Wnt, and Nrf2 pathways, and their crosstalk during disease progression. We further discuss the recent developments of novel agents to target these pathways in the context of targeted cancer therapy. In-depth research of the signaling pathways, gene signatures, and a combinatorial approach may help in discovering targeted therapy for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- L K Kadian
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M Arora
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - C P Prasad
- Department of Medical Oncology (Lab), Dr. B. R. Ambedkar-IRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R Pramanik
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar-IRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S S Chauhan
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Brusatol Inhibits Proliferation and Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer by Targeting and Reversing the RhoA/ROCK1 Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:7132159. [PMID: 35647190 PMCID: PMC9132670 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7132159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Brusatol (BRU) is an important compound extracted from Brucea javanica oil, whose pharmacological effects are able to induce a series of biological effects, including inhibition of tumor cell growth, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antitumor. Currently, there are so few studies about the brusatol effects on colorectal cancer that its anticancer mechanism has not been clearly defined. In this study, we made an in-depth investigation into the brusatol effect towards the proliferation and metastasis of colon cancer and the possible mechanism. The inhibitory effect of BRU on the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells was unveiled via CCK-8 method and colony formation assay, while the inhibitory effect of BRU on migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells was revealed by scratch assay and transwell assay. In addition, Western blot results also revealed that BRU inhibited not only the expressions of RhoA and ROCK1 but also the protein expressions of EMT-related markers e-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, MMP2, and MMP9 in colon cancer cells. Through the xenotransplantation model, our in vivo experiment further verified the antitumor effect of BRU on colon cancer cells in vitro, and the results were consistent with the protein expression trend. In conclusion, BRU may inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer by influencing EMT through RhoA/ROCK1 pathway.
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Wang T, Chen Z, Chen H, Yu X, Wang L, Liu X. Brusatol inhibits the growth of renal cell carcinoma by regulating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 288:115020. [PMID: 35066068 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. is a medicinal herb used in China for the prevention and treatment of diseases such as cancer and malaria. Brusatol was isolated from the seeds of Brucea javanica (L.) Merr, brusatol has a wide range of pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammation and anti-cancer effects. AIM OF THE STUDY Renal cell carcinoma is one of the most common urinary system tumours and seriously threatens the lives of patients. We aimed to study the mechanism by which brusatol regulates the growth of renal cancer cells through the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS We chose the A498, ACHN, and OSRC-2 cell lines as experimental models. After intervention with brusatol, CCK-8 experiments and plate cloning experiments were used to detect the cell proliferation ability; flow cytometry was used to detect the cell apoptosis rate; scratch and transwell invasion assays were used to detect the cell migration and invasion ability; qRT-PCR and Western blotting was used to detect PTEN, p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT, Bax, Bcl2, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and vimentin relative expression. Then, we knocked down the PTEN gene in the three cell lines and again tested the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion capabilities of each group of cells. RESULTS Brusatol significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion and increased the rate of apoptosis of the A498, ACHN, and OSRC-2 cell lines, and brusatol significantly increased the expression of PTEN mRNA and protein, and inhibited the expression of p-PI3K and p-AKT. Moreover, knockdown of PTEN significantly reduced the inhibitory effect of brusatol on the growth of renal cancer cells. CONCLUSION Our research results show that brusatol has an effective inhibitory effect on the growth of A498, ACHN, and OSRC-2 renal cancer cell lines, and this effect is likely to be produced by regulating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiyuan Chen
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Yu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiuheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Zhang J, Xu HX, Dou YX, Huang QH, Xian YF, Lin ZX. Major Constituents From Brucea javanica and Their Pharmacological Actions. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:853119. [PMID: 35370639 PMCID: PMC8971814 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.853119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucea javanica (Ya-dan-zi in Chinese) is a well-known Chinese herbal medicine, which is traditionally used in Chinese medicine for the treatment of intestinal inflammation, diarrhea, malaria, and cancer. The formulation of the oil (Brucea javanica oil) has been widely used to treat various types of cancer. It has also been found that B. javanica is rich in chemical constituents, including quassinoids, triterpenes, alkaloids and flavonoids. Pharmacological studies have revealed that chemical compounds derived from B. javanica exhibit multiple bioactivities, such as anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic, and others. This review provides a comprehensive summary on the pharmacological properties of the main chemical constituents presented in B. javanica and their underlying molecular mechanisms. Moreover, the review will also provide scientific references for further research and development of B. javanica and its chemical constituents into novel pharmaceutical products for disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Hong-Xi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao-Xing Dou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong-Hui Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
| | - Yan-Fang Xian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
- *Correspondence: Yan-Fang Xian, ; Zhi-Xiu Lin,
| | - Zhi-Xiu Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Integrative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, China
- *Correspondence: Yan-Fang Xian, ; Zhi-Xiu Lin,
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Tao W, Wang N, Ruan J, Cheng X, Fan L, Zhang P, Lu C, Hu Y, Che C, Sun D, Duan J, Zhao M. Enhanced ROS-Boosted Phototherapy against Pancreatic Cancer via Nrf2-Mediated Stress-Defense Pathway Suppression and Ferroptosis Induction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:6404-6416. [PMID: 35077153 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c22861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In situ oxygen generation is the most common strategy to boost reactive oxygen species (ROS) for enhancing the efficacy of phototherapy in cancer, including photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT). However, hyperoxidation or hyperthermia often triggers stress-defense pathways and promotes tumor cell survival, thus severely limiting the therapeutic efficacy. To overcome the tumor hypoxia and thermal resistance existing in phototherapy, we constructed a self-synergistic nanoplatform for tumors by incorporating brusatol, a nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) inhibitor, into the silica nanonetwork. It was then sequentially decorated with MnO2 and the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) and then coated with poly(ethylene glycol)-folate (PEG-FA)-functionalized polydopamine (PDA) (designated as brusatol/silica@MnO2/Ce6@PDA-PEG-FA). As an oxygen generator, MnO2 can promote ROS production, which not only directly enhances Ce6-mediated PDT but also strengthens PDA-mediated PTT by attacking heat shock proteins (HSPs). Particularly, brusatol could efficiently inhibit the activation of Nrf2 defense pathway under hyperoxidation and hyperthermia and cause glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and ferritin heavy chain (FTH) inactivation, thereby inducing ferroptosis and ultimately enhancing the phototherapeutic effects. By exploiting these features, brusatol/silica@MnO2/Ce6@PDA-PEG-FA exhibited excellent antitumor efficacy with enhanced PDT and PTT both in in vitro and in vivo studies. Overall, our work highlights a promising strategy against hypoxia- and hyperthermia-associated resistance in phototherapy via suppressing stress-defense system and inducing ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Tao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Neng Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jie Ruan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaolan Cheng
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lu Fan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Cai Lu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chuntao Che
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Dongdong Sun
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jinao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
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Argenziano M, Bessone F, Dianzani C, Cucci MA, Grattarola M, Pizzimenti S, Cavalli R. Ultrasound-Responsive Nrf2-Targeting siRNA-Loaded Nanobubbles for Enhancing the Treatment of Melanoma. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:341. [PMID: 35214073 PMCID: PMC8878772 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The siRNA-mediated inhibition of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) can be an attractive approach to overcome chemoresistance in various malignant tumors, including melanoma. This work aims at designing a new type of chitosan-shelled nanobubble for the delivery of siRNA against Nrf2 in combination with an ultrasound. A new preparation method based on a water-oil-water (W/O/W) double-emulsion was purposely developed for siRNA encapsulation in aqueous droplets within a nanobubble core. Stable, very small NB formulations were obtained, with sizes of about 100 nm and a positive surface charge. siRNA was efficiently loaded in NBs, reaching an encapsulation efficiency of about 90%. siNrf2-NBs downregulated the target gene in M14 cells, sensitizing the resistant melanoma cells to the cisplatin treatment. The combination with US favored NB cell uptake and transfection efficiency. Based on the results, nanobubbles have shown to be a promising US responsive tool for siRNA delivery, able to overcome chemoresistance in melanoma cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Argenziano
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy; (M.A.); (F.B.); (C.D.)
| | - Federica Bessone
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy; (M.A.); (F.B.); (C.D.)
| | - Chiara Dianzani
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy; (M.A.); (F.B.); (C.D.)
| | - Marie Angèle Cucci
- Department of Clinical and Biological Science, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy; (M.A.C.); (M.G.); (S.P.)
| | - Margherita Grattarola
- Department of Clinical and Biological Science, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy; (M.A.C.); (M.G.); (S.P.)
| | - Stefania Pizzimenti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Science, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy; (M.A.C.); (M.G.); (S.P.)
| | - Roberta Cavalli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy; (M.A.); (F.B.); (C.D.)
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Yasuda D, Yoshida I, Imamura R, Katagishi D, Takahashi K, Kojima H, Okabe T, Ichimura Y, Komatsu M, Mashino T, Ohe T. Development of p62-Keap1 protein–protein interaction inhibitors as doxorubicin-sensitizers against non-small cell lung cancer. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Dai Z, Cai L, Chen Y, Wang S, Zhang Q, Wang C, Tu M, Zhu Z, Li Q, Lu X. Brusatol Inhibits Proliferation and Invasion of Glioblastoma by Down-Regulating the Expression of ECM1. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:775680. [PMID: 34970146 PMCID: PMC8713816 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.775680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brusatol (Bru), a Chinese herbal extract, has a variety of anti-tumor effects. However, little is known regarding its role and underlying mechanism in glioblastoma cells. Here, we found that Bru could inhibit the proliferation of glioblastoma cells in vivo and in vitro. Besides, it also had an inhibitory effect on human primary glioblastoma cells. RNA-seq analysis indicated that Bru possibly achieved these effects through inhibiting the expression of extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1). Down-regulating the expression of ECM1 via transfecting siRNA could weaken the proliferation and invasion of glioblastoma cells and promote the inhibitory effect of Bru treatment. Lentivirus-mediated overexpression of ECM1 could effectively reverse this weakening effect. Our findings indicated that Bru could inhibit the proliferation and invasion of glioblastoma cells by suppressing the expression of ECM1, and Bru might be a novel effective anticancer drug for glioblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang'an Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lin Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingyu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Silu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chengde Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ming Tu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhangzhang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xianghe Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Role of Nrf2 in Pancreatic Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:antiox11010098. [PMID: 35052602 PMCID: PMC8773052 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic tumors are a serious health problem with a 7% mortality rate worldwide. Inflammatory processes and oxidative stress play important roles in the development of pancreatic diseases/cancer. To maintain homeostasis, a balance between free radicals and the antioxidant system is essential. Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2/NFE2L2 (Nrf2) and its negative regulator Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1 (Keap1) provide substantial protection against damage induced by oxidative stress, and a growing body of evidence points to the canonical and noncanonical Nrf2 signaling pathway as a pharmacological target in the treatment of pancreatic diseases. In this review, we present updated evidence on the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway and its importance in pancreatic cancer. Our review covers potential modulators of canonical and noncanonical pathway modulation mechanisms that may have a positive effect on the therapeutic response. Finally, we describe some interesting recent discoveries of novel treatments related to the antioxidant system for pancreatic cancer, including natural or synthetic compounds with therapeutic properties.
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The Regulatory Effects and the Signaling Pathways of Natural Bioactive Compounds on Ferroptosis. Foods 2021; 10:foods10122952. [PMID: 34945503 PMCID: PMC8700948 DOI: 10.3390/foods10122952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural bioactive compounds abundantly presented in foods and medicinal plants have recently received a remarkable attention because of their various biological activities and minimal toxicity. In recent years, many natural compounds appear to offer significant effects in the regulation of ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is the forefront of international scientific research which has been exponential growth since the term was coined. This type of regulated cell death is driven by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation. Recent studies have shown that numerous organ injuries and pathophysiological processes of many diseases are driven by ferroptosis, such as cancer, arteriosclerosis, neurodegenerative disease, diabetes, ischemia-reperfusion injury and acute renal failure. It is reported that the initiation and inhibition of ferroptosis plays a pivotal role in lipid peroxidation, organ damage, neurodegeneration and cancer growth and progression. Recently, many natural phytochemicals extracted from edible plants have been demonstrated to be novel ferroptosis regulators and have the potential to treat ferroptosis-related diseases. This review provides an updated overview on the role of natural bioactive compounds and the potential signaling pathways in the regulation of ferroptosis.
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Cancer Chemopreventive Role of Dietary Terpenoids by Modulating Keap1-Nrf2-ARE Signaling System—A Comprehensive Update. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112210806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
ROS, RNS, and carcinogenic metabolites generate excessive oxidative stress, which changes the basal cellular status and leads to epigenetic modification, genomic instability, and initiation of cancer. Epigenetic modification may inhibit tumor-suppressor genes and activate oncogenes, enabling cells to have cancer promoting properties. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that in humans is encoded by the NFE2L2 gene, and is activated in response to cellular stress. It can regulate redox homoeostasis by expressing several cytoprotective enzymes, including NADPH quinine oxidoreductase, heme oxygenase-1, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, etc. There is accumulating evidence supporting the idea that dietary nutraceuticals derived from commonly used fruits, vegetables, and spices have the ability to produce cancer chemopreventive activity by inducing Nrf2-mediated detoxifying enzymes. In this review, we discuss the importance of these nutraceuticals in cancer chemoprevention and summarize the role of dietary terpenoids in this respect. This approach was taken to accumulate the mechanistic function of these terpenoids to develop a comprehensive understanding of their direct and indirect roles in modulating the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signaling system.
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Zhou J, Hou J, Wang J, Wang J, Gao J, Bai Y. Brusatol inhibits laryngeal cancer cell proliferation and metastasis via abrogating JAK2/STAT3 signaling mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Life Sci 2021; 284:119907. [PMID: 34453950 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed at investigating the role of Brusatol (BR) on human laryngeal squamous carcinoma cell (Hep-2) to study its underlying mechanism through in vitro and in vivo approaches. MATERIALS AND METHOD In the present research, we employed various cell-based assays, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle assessment, migration and invasion assays were used to examine the anti-tumor effect of BR on Hep-2 cells. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), qRT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to study the underlying molecular mechanisms. To validate our in vitro findings we used a subcutaneous tumor-bearing model of Balb/c mice with Hep-2 cells of laryngeal carcinoma (LC) to study the inhibitory effect of BR on Hep-2 cells in vivo. KEY FINDINGS The results indicated that BR markedly inhibited the viability, migration and invasion capacity of Hep-2 cells, with no significant toxic effect on normal Human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B). Also, BR induced cellular apoptosis by blocking the cells in S phase to suppress cell proliferation. Immunohistochemistry results revealed that BR inhibited the protein expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers. Mechanistically, western blotting results exhibited that BR could suppress the protein expression of both JAK2/STAT3 and their phosphorylation levels. Our in vivo experiments further validated the anti-tumor effect of BR on Hep-2 cells in vitro, where BR suppressed the growth of xenograft laryngeal tumor without apparent toxicity. SIGNIFICANCE The present study highlights the anti-LC effect of BR by possibly abrogating JAK2/STAT3 signaling mediated EMT process. BR may be a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.
| | - Jing Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jiajing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jianping Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yun'e Bai
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
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Luteolin Inhibits Breast Cancer Stemness and Enhances Chemosensitivity through the Nrf2-Mediated Pathway. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216452. [PMID: 34770867 PMCID: PMC8587415 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are subpopulations of tumor masses with unique abilities in self-renewal, stemness maintenance, drug resistance, and the promotion of cancer recurrence. Recent studies have suggested that breast CSCs play essential roles in chemoresistance. Therefore, new agents that selectively target such cells are urgently required. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-producing enzymes are the reason for an elevated tumor oxidant status. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcriptional factor, which upon detecting cellular oxidative stress, binds to the promoter region of antioxidant genes. By triggering a cytoprotective response, Nrf2 maintains cellular redox status. Cripto-1 participates in the self-renewal of CSCs. Herein, luteolin, a flavonoid found in Taraxacum officinale extract, was determined to inhibit the expressions of stemness-related transcriptional factors, the ATP-binding cassette transporter G2 (ABCG2), CD44, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 activity as well as the sphere formation properties of breast CSCs. Furthermore, luteolin suppressed the protein expressions of Nrf2, heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and Cripto-1 which have been determined to contribute critically to CSC features. The combination of luteolin and the chemotherapeutic drug, Taxol, resulted in enhanced cytotoxicity to breast cancer cells. These findings suggest that luteolin treatment significantly attenuated the hallmarks of breast cancer stemness by downregulating Nrf2-mediated expressions. Luteolin constitutes a potential agent for use in cancer stemness-targeted breast cancer treatments.
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Audousset C, McGovern T, Martin JG. Role of Nrf2 in Disease: Novel Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches - Pulmonary Disease/Asthma. Front Physiol 2021; 12:727806. [PMID: 34658913 PMCID: PMC8511424 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.727806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a major transcription factor involved in redox homeostasis and in the response induced by oxidative injury. Nrf2 is present in an inactive state in the cytoplasm of cells. Its activation by internal or external stimuli, such as infections or pollution, leads to the transcription of more than 500 elements through its binding to the antioxidant response element. The lungs are particularly susceptible to factors that generate oxidative stress such as infections, allergens and hyperoxia. Nrf2 has a crucial protective role against these ROS. Oxidative stress and subsequent activation of Nrf2 have been demonstrated in many human respiratory diseases affecting the airways, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or the pulmonary parenchyma such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and pulmonary fibrosis. Several compounds, both naturally occurring and synthetic, have been identified as Nrf2 inducers and enhance the activation of Nrf2 and expression of Nrf2-dependent genes. These inducers have proven particularly effective at reducing the severity of the oxidative stress-driven lung injury in various animal models. In humans, these compounds offer promise as potential therapeutic strategies for the management of respiratory pathologies associated with oxidative stress but there is thus far little evidence of efficacy through human trials. The purpose of this review is to summarize the involvement of Nrf2 and its inducers in ARDS, COPD, asthma and lung fibrosis in both human and in experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Audousset
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Toby McGovern
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - James G Martin
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Wang Z, Wang L, Jiang R, Li C, Chen X, Xiao H, Hou J, Hu L, Huang C, Wang Y. Ginsenoside Rg1 prevents bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell senescence via NRF2 and PI3K/Akt signaling. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 174:182-194. [PMID: 34364981 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Senescence limits the characteristics and functionality of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), thereby severely restricting their application in tissue engineering. Here, we investigated ways to prevent MSCs from entering a state of senescence. We found that Rg1, an extract of natural ginseng, can reduce the expression of senescence markers in cultured cells in vitro and in various tissues in vivo. Simultaneously, ginsenoside Rg1 improved the antioxidant capacity of cells, and the senescence-inhibiting and antioxidant effect of Rg1 were associated with the activation of the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling pathway. Furthermore, Rg1 may activate the NRF2 pathway by increasing the interaction between P62 and KEAP1through P62 upregulation and AKT activation. Taken together, our findings indicate that Rg1 prevents cell senescence via NRF2 and AKT, and activation of AKT or NRF2 may thus represent therapeutic targets for preventing cell senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziling Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Rong Jiang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chang Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiongbin Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, 610075, China
| | - Hanxianzhi Xiao
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jiying Hou
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ling Hu
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Caihong Huang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Cheng C, Yuan F, Chen XP, Zhang W, Zhao XL, Jiang ZP, Zhou HH, Zhou G, Cao S. Inhibition of Nrf2-mediated glucose metabolism by brusatol synergistically sensitizes acute myeloid leukemia to Ara-C. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:111652. [PMID: 34112534 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance remains to be the primary barrier to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treatment failure. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been well established as a truly pleiotropic transcription factor. Inhibition of Nrf2 function increases the sensitivity of various chemotherapeutics and overcomes chemoresistance effectively. Brusatol (Bru) has been reported to decrease Nrf2 protein expression specifically by ubiquitin degradation of Nrf2. However, it remains elusive whether combination of Brusatol and Cytarabine (Ara-C) elicits a synergistic antitumor effect in AML. Our results demonstrated that combination of Ara-C and Brusatol synergistically exerted remarkable pro-apoptosis effect in HL-60 and THP-1 cells. Mechanistically, synergistic anti-tumor effect of Ara-C/Brusatol in AML cells is mediated by attenuating Nrf2 expression. To our surprise, Nrf2 inhibition by Brusatol causes downregulation of the expression of glycolysis-related proteins and decreased glucose consumption and lactate production, whereas the level of ROS production was unaffected. The activation of Nrf2 by Sulforaphane (SFP) could reverse the chemotherapeutic effect and changes of glycolysis of concomitant of Ara-C with Brusatol in AML cell lines. Additionally, Ara-C/Brusatol co-treatment decreased Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) protein expression and increased the sensitivity of Ara-C. Moreover, the mouse xenograft in vivo experiment confirmed that combining Ara-C with Brusatol exerted stronger antileukemia than Ara-C alone. The efficacy, together with the mechanistic observations, reveals the potential of simultaneously giving these two drugs and provides a rational basis for targeting glucose catabolism in future clinical therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Cheng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Center South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Center South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Center South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Center South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xie-Lan Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Zhi-Ping Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Center South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Gan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Center South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China; National Institution of Drug Clinical Trial, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China.
| | - Shan Cao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Center South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China.
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Bovilla VR, Kuruburu MG, Bettada VG, Krishnamurthy J, Sukocheva OA, Thimmulappa RK, Shivananju NS, Balakrishna JP, Madhunapantula SV. Targeted Inhibition of Anti-Inflammatory Regulator Nrf2 Results in Breast Cancer Retardation In Vitro and In Vivo. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1119. [PMID: 34572304 PMCID: PMC8471069 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor-2 (Nrf2) is an oxidative stress-response transcriptional activator that promotes carcinogenesis through metabolic reprogramming, tumor promoting inflammation, and therapeutic resistance. However, the extension of Nrf2 expression and its involvement in regulation of breast cancer (BC) responses to chemotherapy remain largely unclear. This study determined the expression of Nrf2 in BC tissues (n = 46) and cell lines (MDA-MB-453, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468) with diverse phenotypes. Immunohistochemical (IHC)analysis indicated lower Nrf2 expression in normal breast tissues, compared to BC samples, although the difference was not found to be significant. However, pharmacological inhibition and siRNA-induced downregulation of Nrf2 were marked by decreased activity of NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), a direct target of Nrf2. Silenced or inhibited Nrf2 signaling resulted in reduced BC proliferation and migration, cell cycle arrest, activation of apoptosis, and sensitization of BC cells to cisplatin in vitro. Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cells demonstrated elevated levels of Nrf2 and were further tested in experimental mouse models in vivo. Intraperitoneal administration of pharmacological Nrf2 inhibitor brusatol slowed tumor cell growth. Brusatol increased lymphocyte trafficking towards engrafted tumor tissue in vivo, suggesting activation of anti-cancer effects in tumor microenvironment. Further large-scale BC testing is needed to confirm Nrf2 marker and therapeutic capacities for chemo sensitization in drug resistant and advanced tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venugopal R. Bovilla
- Department of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India; (V.R.B.); (M.G.K.); (V.G.B.); (R.K.T.)
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory (DST-FIST Supported Center), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
- Public Health Research Institute of India (PHRII), Mysuru 570020, Karnataka, India
| | - Mahadevaswamy G. Kuruburu
- Department of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India; (V.R.B.); (M.G.K.); (V.G.B.); (R.K.T.)
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory (DST-FIST Supported Center), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Vidya G. Bettada
- Department of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India; (V.R.B.); (M.G.K.); (V.G.B.); (R.K.T.)
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory (DST-FIST Supported Center), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayashree Krishnamurthy
- Department of Pathology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India;
| | - Olga A. Sukocheva
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Rajesh K. Thimmulappa
- Department of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India; (V.R.B.); (M.G.K.); (V.G.B.); (R.K.T.)
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory (DST-FIST Supported Center), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Nanjunda Swamy Shivananju
- Department of Biotechnology, JSS Technical Institutions Campus, JSS Science and Technology University, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India;
| | | | - SubbaRao V. Madhunapantula
- Department of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India; (V.R.B.); (M.G.K.); (V.G.B.); (R.K.T.)
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory (DST-FIST Supported Center), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
- Leader, Special Interest Group in Cancer Biology and Cancer Stem Cells (SIG-CBCSC), JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
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Li F, Aljahdali IAM, Zhang R, Nastiuk KL, Krolewski JJ, Ling X. Kidney cancer biomarkers and targets for therapeutics: survivin (BIRC5), XIAP, MCL-1, HIF1α, HIF2α, NRF2, MDM2, MDM4, p53, KRAS and AKT in renal cell carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:254. [PMID: 34384473 PMCID: PMC8359575 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02026-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is increasing worldwide with an approximate 20% mortality rate. The challenge in RCC is the therapy-resistance. Cancer resistance to treatment employs multiple mechanisms due to cancer heterogeneity with multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations. These changes include aberrant overexpression of (1) anticancer cell death proteins (e.g., survivin/BIRC5), (2) DNA repair regulators (e.g., ERCC6) and (3) efflux pump proteins (e.g., ABCG2/BCRP); mutations and/or deregulation of key (4) oncogenes (e.g., MDM2, KRAS) and/or (5) tumor suppressor genes (e.g., TP5/p53); and (6) deregulation of redox-sensitive regulators (e.g., HIF, NRF2). Foci of tumor cells that have these genetic alterations and/or deregulation possess survival advantages and are selected for survival during treatment. We will review the significance of survivin (BIRC5), XIAP, MCL-1, HIF1α, HIF2α, NRF2, MDM2, MDM4, TP5/p53, KRAS and AKT in treatment resistance as the potential therapeutic biomarkers and/or targets in RCC in parallel with our analized RCC-relevant TCGA genetic results from each of these gene/protein molecules. We then present our data to show the anticancer drug FL118 modulation of these protein targets and RCC cell/tumor growth. Finally, we include additional data to show a promising FL118 analogue (FL496) for treating the specialized type 2 papillary RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhi Li
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
- Genitourinary Disease Site Research Group, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
- Kidney Cancer Research Interest Group, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
- Developmental Therapeutics (DT) Program, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
| | - Ieman A. M. Aljahdali
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
| | - Renyuan Zhang
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
| | - Kent L. Nastiuk
- Genitourinary Disease Site Research Group, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
| | - John J. Krolewski
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
| | - Xiang Ling
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263 USA
- Canget BioTekpharma LLC, Buffalo, New York 14203 USA
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