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Lammi C, Ottaviano E, Fiore G, Bollati C, d'Adduzio L, Fanzaga M, Ceccarani C, Vizzuso S, Zuccotti G, Borghi E, Verduci E. Effect of docosahexaenoic acid as an anti-inflammatory for Caco-2 cells and modulating agent for gut microbiota in children with obesity (the DAMOCLE study). J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02444-w. [PMID: 39186221 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02444-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid. We investigated the dual health ability of DHA to modulate gut microbiota in children with obesity and to exert anti-inflammatory activity on human intestinal Caco-2 cells. METHODS In a pilot study involving 18 obese children (8-14 years), participants received a daily DHA supplement (500 mg/day) and dietary intervention from baseline (T0) to 4 months (T1), followed by dietary intervention alone from 4 months (T1) to 8 months (T2). Fecal samples, anthropometry, biochemicals and dietary assessment were collected at each timepoint. At preclinical level, we evaluated DHA's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on Caco-2 cells stimulated with Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), by measuring also Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels and cytokines, respectively. RESULTS Ten children were included in final analysis. No major changes were observed for anthropometric and biochemical parameters, and participants showed a low dietary compliance at T1 and T2. DHA supplementation restored the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio that was conserved also after the DHA discontinuation at T2. DHA supplementation drove a depletion in Ruminococcaceae and Dialisteraceae, and enrichment in Bacteroidaceae, Oscillospiraceae, and Akkermansiaceae. At genus level, Allisonella was the most decreased by DHA supplementation. In Caco-2 cells, DHA decreased H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) production via iNOS pathway modulation. Additionally, DHA modulated proinflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokine production in LPS-stimulated Caco-2 cells. CONCLUSION An improvement in gut dysbiosis of children with obesity seems to be triggered by DHA and to continue after discontinuation. The ability to modulate gut microbiota, matches also with an anti-inflammatory effect of DHA on Caco-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lammi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - E Ottaviano
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | - G Fiore
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Via Lodovico Castelvetro 32, 20154, Milan, Italy.
| | - C Bollati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - L d'Adduzio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - M Fanzaga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - C Ceccarani
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, CNR, Segrate, Italy
| | - S Vizzuso
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Via Lodovico Castelvetro 32, 20154, Milan, Italy
| | - G Zuccotti
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Via Lodovico Castelvetro 32, 20154, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - E Borghi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | - E Verduci
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142, Milan, Italy
- Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, 20157, Milan, Italy
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Costa PCT, de Luna Freire MO, de Oliveira Coutinho D, Godet M, Magnani M, Antunes VR, de Souza EL, Vidal H, de Brito Alves JL. Nutraceuticals in the management of autonomic function and related disorders: A comprehensive review. Pharmacol Res 2024; 208:107368. [PMID: 39191337 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Nutraceuticals have been described as phytocomplexes when derived from foods of plant origin or a pool of secondary metabolites when derived from foods of animal origin, which are concentrated and administered in an appropriate form and can promote beneficial health effects in the prevention/treatment of diseases. Considering that pharmaceutical medications can cause side effects, there is a growing interest in using nutraceuticals as an adjuvant therapeutic tool for several disorders involving autonomic dysfunction, such as obesity, atherosclerosis and other cardiometabolic diseases. This review summarizes and discusses the evidence from the literature on the effects of various nutraceuticals on autonomic control, addressing the gut microbiota modulation, production of secondary metabolites from bioactive compounds, and improvement of physical and chemical properties of cell membranes. Additionally, the safety of nutraceuticals and prospects are discussed. Probiotics, resveratrol, quercetin, curcumin, nitrate, inositol, L-carnosine, and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) are among the nutraceuticals most studied to improve autonomic dysfunction in experimental animal models and clinical trials. Further human studies are needed to elucidate the effects of nutraceuticals formulated of multitarget compounds and their underlying mechanisms of action, which could benefit conditions involving autonomic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo César Trindade Costa
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil; Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U.1060, INRAe U. 1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Pierre Bénite, France
| | | | | | - Murielle Godet
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U.1060, INRAe U. 1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Marciane Magnani
- Department of Food Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Vagner Roberto Antunes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Hubert Vidal
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U.1060, INRAe U. 1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Pierre Bénite, France
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Wang X, Liu H, Yue M, Wang J, Zhang C, Qin L, Wang S, Hu L. Dietary nitrate maintains intestinal epithelia homeostasis in aged mice. Biogerontology 2024:10.1007/s10522-024-10127-5. [PMID: 39162978 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-024-10127-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
The intestinal tract, which is the primary site of digestion and absorption of nutrients, is one of the most vulnerable organs during aging. Dietary nitrate, which is mainly derived from the diet and absorbed in the intestinal tract, is a key messenger that connecting oral and general health. However, whether dietary nitrate regulates intestinal tract homeostasis remains unclear. Our data revealed that the serum and salivary nitrate levels decreased during mice aging. The functional proteins of the epithelial barrier (E-cadherin, Claudin-1 and Zonula Occludens-1) in the colon tissues decreased during the aging process. Long-term nitrate supplement in drinking water restored the serum and salivary nitrate levels and increased the functional proteins expression of the colon epithelial barrier. Dietary nitrates increase the relative abundance of some intestinal probiotics, particularly those associated with the production of short-chain fatty acids, such as Blautia, Alloprevotella, Butyricicoccus, and Ruminococcaceae, while promoting the butyric acid production in the colon. Moreover, the expression of Sialin (encoded by Slc17a5), which is a nitrate transporter, increased in the colon epithelial cells by nitrate supplementation. The epithelial cell-conditional Slc17a5-knockout mutant mice (K14-cre; Slc17a5fl/fl) revealed that the functional proteins expression of the colon epithelial barrier and the proliferation of PCNA-positive intestinal epithelial cells in the colon crypts was significantly decreased compared with those of the K14-cre; Slc17a5fl/+ mice. Taken together, our findings suggested that nitrate supplementations were associated with the increased expression of colonic epithelial barriers-related proteins and the increased Sialin expression. Nitrate may serve as a potential therapeutic approach in maintaining aged colonic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Mingwei Yue
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jinsong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lizheng Qin
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Songlin Wang
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Immunology Research Center for Oral and Systemic Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
- Laboratory for Oral and General Health Integration and Translation, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
- Research Unit of Tooth Development and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, You An Men Wai, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Hu
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
- Department of Prosthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No.4, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.
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Lu J, Liu R, Ren H, Wang S, Hu C, Shi Z, Li M, Liu W, Wan Q, Su Q, Li Q, Zheng H, Qu S, Yang F, Ji H, Lin H, Qi H, Wu X, Wu K, Chen Y, Xu Y, Xu M, Wang T, Zheng J, Ning G, Zheng R, Bi Y, Zhong H, Wang W. Impact of omega-3 fatty acids on hypertriglyceridemia, lipidomics, and gut microbiome in patients with type 2 diabetes. MED 2024:S2666-6340(24)00306-4. [PMID: 39163858 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2024.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fish oil (FO), a mixture of omega-3 fatty acids mainly comprising docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), has been recommended for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertriglyceridemia. However, its effects on lipidomic profiles and gut microbiota and the factors influencing triglyceride (TG) reduction remain unclear. METHODS We conducted a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 309 Chinese patients with T2D with hypertriglyceridemia (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03120299). Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either 4 g FO or corn oil for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was changes in serum TGs and the lipidomic profile, and the secondary outcome included changes in the gut microbiome and other metabolic variables. FINDINGS The FO group had significantly better TG reduction (mean [95% confidence interval (CI)]: -1.51 [-2.01, -1.01] mmol/L) compared to the corn oil group (-0.66 [-1.15, -0.16] mmol/L, p = 0.02). FO significantly altered the serum lipid profile by reducing low-unsaturated TG species and increasing those containing DHA or EPA. FO had minor effects on gut microbiota, while baseline microbial features predicted the TG response to FO better than phenotypic or lipidomic features, potentially mediated by specific lipid metabolites. A total of 9 lipid metabolites significantly mediated the link between 4 baseline microbial variables and the TG response to FO supplementation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate differential impacts of omega-3 fatty acids on lipidomic and microbial profiles in T2D and highlight the importance of baseline gut microbiota characteristics in predicting the TG-lowering efficacy of FO. FUNDING This study was funded by the National Nature Science Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieli Lu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruixin Liu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huahui Ren
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China; Institute of Intelligent Medical Research (IIMR), BGI Genomics, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuangyuan Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyan Hu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhun Shi
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China; Institute of Intelligent Medical Research (IIMR), BGI Genomics, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mian Li
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Wan
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qing Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qifu Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongting Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shen Qu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangming Yang
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China; Institute of Intelligent Medical Research (IIMR), BGI Genomics, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Hong Lin
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyan Qi
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyan Wu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kui Wu
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China; Institute of Intelligent Medical Research (IIMR), BGI Genomics, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiange Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Ning
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruizhi Zheng
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufang Bi
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanzi Zhong
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China; Institute of Intelligent Medical Research (IIMR), BGI Genomics, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Yu Y, Zhang K, Zhang D, Feng R, Chen K, Zhou X, Nie S, Xie MY. Highland Barley β-Glucan Relieves Symptoms of Colitis via PPARα-Mediated Intestinal Stem Cell Proliferation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 39084686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are necessary to maintain intestinal renewal. Here, we found that the highland barley β-glucan (HBG) alleviated pathological symptoms and promoted the proliferation of intestinal stem cells in colitis mice. Notably, metabolomics studies showed that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was significantly increased by the HBG treatment. DHA is a ligand for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), which can promote ISC proliferation. Expectedly, HBG facilitated the expression of intestinal PPARα and the proliferation of ISCs in colitis mice. Further experiments verified that DHA significantly facilitated the expression of PPARα and the proliferation of ISCs in intestinal organoids. Intriguingly, the effect of DHA on ISC proliferation was reversed by the PPARα inhibitor. Together, our data indicate that HBG might accelerate PPARα-mediated ISC proliferation through DHA. This provides new insights into the effective application of polysaccharides in maintaining intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Duoduo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ruting Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kunying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xingtao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ming-Yong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
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Lu D, Yao D, Hu G, Zhou J, Shen X, Qian L. Maternal docosahexaenoic acid supplementation during lactation improves exercise performance, enhances intestinal glucose absorption and modulates gut microbiota in weaning offspring mice. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1423576. [PMID: 39036494 PMCID: PMC11258037 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1423576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Intestinal dysfunction induced by weaning stress is common during breastfeeding period. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is well known for promoting visual and brain development, but its effects on early intestinal development remain unknown. This study investigated the impact of maternal DHA supplementation during lactation on intestinal glucose absorption and gut microbiota in weaning offspring mice. Materials and methods Dams were supplemented with vehicle (control), 150 mg/(kg body weight · day) DHA (L-DHA), or 450 mg/(kg body weight · day) DHA (H-DHA) throughout lactation by oral administration. After weaning, pups were randomly divided into three groups for athletic analysis, microbial and proteomic analysis, biochemical analysis, 4-deoxy-4-fluoro-D-glucose (4-FDG) absorption test, and gene expression quantitation of glucose transport-associated proteins and mTOR signaling components. Results The H-DHA group exhibited enhanced grip strength and prolonged swimming duration compared to the control group. Additionally, there were significant increases in jejunal and ileal villus height, and expanded surface area of jejunal villi in the H-DHA group. Microbial analyses revealed that maternal DHA intake increased the abundance of beneficial gut bacteria and promoted metabolic pathways linked to carbohydrate and energy metabolism. Proteomic studies indicated an increased abundance of nutrient transport proteins and enrichment of pathways involved in absorption and digestion in the H-DHA group. This group also showed higher concentrations of glucose in the jejunum and ileum, as well as elevated glycogen levels in the liver and muscles, in contrast to lower glucose levels in the intestinal contents and feces compared to the control group. The 4-FDG absorption test showed more efficient absorption after oral 4-FDG gavage in the H-DHA group. Moreover, the expressions of glucose transport-associated proteins, GLUT2 and SGLT1, and the activation of mTOR pathway were enhanced in the H-DHA group compared to the control group. The L-DHA group also showed similar but less pronounced improvements in these aspects relative to the H-DHA group. Conclusion Our findings suggested that maternal DHA supplementation during lactation improves the exercise performance, enhances the intestinal glucose absorption by increasing the expressions of glucose transporters, and beneficially alters the structure of gut microbiome in weaning offspring mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalu Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Die Yao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gaoli Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiefei Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuhua Shen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linxi Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Gao T, Li R, Hu L, Hu Q, Wen H, Zhou R, Yuan P, Zhang X, Huang L, Zhuo Y, Xu S, Lin Y, Feng B, Che L, Wu D, Fang Z. Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG improves insulin sensitivity and offspring survival via modulation of gut microbiota and serum metabolite in a sow model. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:89. [PMID: 38951898 PMCID: PMC11218078 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-024-01046-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sows commonly experience insulin resistance in late gestation and lactation, causing lower feed intake and milk production, which can lead to higher mortality rates in newborn piglets. The probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is known to improve insulin resistance. However, whether supplementing LGG can improve insulin sensitivity in sows and enhance lactation performance, particularly the early survival of offspring remains unclear. Hence, we explored the effects and mechanisms of supplementing LGG during late gestation and lactation on sow insulin sensitivity, lactation performance, and offspring survival. In total, 20 sows were randomly allocated to an LGG (n = 10) and control group (n = 10). RESULTS In sows, LGG supplementation significantly improved insulin sensitivity during late gestation and lactation, increased feed intake, milk production and colostrum lactose levels in early lactation, and enhanced newborn piglet survival. Moreover, LGG treatment significantly reshaped the gut microbiota in sows, notably increasing microbiota diversity and enriching the relative abundance of insulin sensitivity-associated probiotics such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacteroides. Serum metabolite and amino acid profiling in late-gestation sows also revealed decreased branched-chain amino acid and kynurenine serum levels following LGG supplementation. Further analyses highlighted a correlation between mitigated insulin resistance in late pregnancy and lactation by LGG and gut microbiota reshaping and changes in serum amino acid metabolism. Furthermore, maternal LGG enhanced immunity in newborn piglets, reduced inflammation, and facilitated the establishment of a gut microbiota. CONCLUSIONS We provide the first evidence that LGG mitigates insulin resistance in sows and enhances offspring survival by modulating the gut microbiota and amino acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianle Gao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ran Li
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition Health (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya' an, 625014, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product Processing and Nutrition Health (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya' an, 625014, China
| | - Quanfang Hu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hongmei Wen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Peiqiang Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lingjie Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yong Zhuo
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shengyu Xu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lianqiang Che
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - De Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhengfeng Fang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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8
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Wang M, Zhong J, Guo Y, Zhao S, Xia H, Wang G, Liu C, Guo A. Effects of Adding Sphingomonas Z392 to Drinking Water on Growth Performance, Intestinal Histological Structure, and Microbial Community of Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1920. [PMID: 38998032 PMCID: PMC11240382 DOI: 10.3390/ani14131920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are a prominent alternative to antibiotics in antimicrobial-free broiler farming. To assess the effect of Sphingomonas sp. Z392 (isolated and identified) on broiler growth, 600 one-day-old Kebao broiler chickens were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group. Each group had three replicates, with 100 broiler chickens being raised in each replicate. Regarding the experimental group of broiler chickens, 4.0 × 105 CFU/mL of Sphingomonas Z392 was added to their drinking water. Then, the changes in broiler body weight, the EPI, intestinal histological structure, and gut microbiota were examined. The results show that the supplementation of the broilers' drinking water with 4 × 105 CFU/mL of Sphingomonas Z392 resulted in an increase in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Lachnospiraceae, Aminobacterium, Oribacterium, Christensenellaceae, Faecalibacterium, Barnesiella, Ruminococcus, Parabacteroides, Phascolarctobacterium, Butyricicoccaceae, and Caproiciproducens, which have been reported to be positively correlated with the improved digestion and absorption of broiler chickens. The relative abundance of Odoribacter, Alistipes, Parabacteroides, and Rikenellaceae increased, and these have been reported to be negatively correlated with the occurrence of intestinal diseases. The relative abundance of Campylobacter, Shigella Castellani, Bilophila, Campylobacter, Clostridia, and Anaerotruncus decreased, and these have been reported to be positively correlated with the occurrence of intestinal diseases. At the same time, the following also increased: the integrity of small intestinal villus morphology; the number of goblet cells in small intestinal epithelial cells; the health of the mitochondria in the cytoplasm of jejunal villous epithelial cells; the number of lysosomes in the cytoplasm of goblet cells in the small intestinal epithelium, ileal villous epithelial cells, and mitochondria in the cytoplasm of large intestinal villous epithelial cells; the VH/CD of the ileum; and digestive, absorption, and defense capabilities. In particular, the final weight increased by 4.33%, and the EPI increased by 10.10%. Therefore, the supplementation of broiler drinking water with Sphingomonas generated better economic benefits from the broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingcheng Wang
- National Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Wuhan 430070, China;
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China; (J.Z.); (H.X.); (G.W.); (C.L.)
| | - Jie Zhong
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China; (J.Z.); (H.X.); (G.W.); (C.L.)
| | - Yanan Guo
- Animal Science Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China;
| | - Shuqiang Zhao
- Animal Disease Prevention and Quarantine Center of Zhumadian City, Zhumadian 463000, China;
| | - Huili Xia
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China; (J.Z.); (H.X.); (G.W.); (C.L.)
| | - Gailing Wang
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China; (J.Z.); (H.X.); (G.W.); (C.L.)
| | - Chaoying Liu
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, China; (J.Z.); (H.X.); (G.W.); (C.L.)
| | - Aizhen Guo
- National Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Wuhan 430070, China;
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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9
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Román-Sagüillo S, Quiñones Castro R, Juárez-Fernández M, Soluyanova P, Stephens C, Robles-Díaz M, Jorquera Plaza F, González-Gallego J, Martínez-Flórez S, García-Mediavilla MV, Nistal E, Jover R, Sánchez-Campos S. Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury and Amoxicillin-Clavulanate: Spotlight on Gut Microbiota, Fecal Metabolome and Bile Acid Profile in Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6863. [PMID: 38999973 PMCID: PMC11241776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Several hepatic disorders are influenced by gut microbiota, but its role in idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (iDILI), whose main causative agent is amoxicillin-clavulanate, remains unknown. This pioneering study aims to unravel particular patterns of gut microbiota composition and associated metabolites in iDILI and iDILI patients by amoxicillin-clavulanate (iDILI-AC). Thus, serum and fecal samples from 46 patients were divided into three study groups: healthy controls (n = 10), non-iDILI acute hepatitis (n = 12) and iDILI patients (n = 24). To evaluate the amoxicillin-clavulanate effect, iDILI patients were separated into two subgroups: iDILI non-caused by amoxicillin-clavulanate (iDILI-nonAC) (n = 18) and iDILI-AC patients (n = 6). Gut microbiota composition and fecal metabolome plus serum and fecal bile acid (BA) analyses were performed, along with correlation analyses. iDILI patients presented a particular microbiome profile associated with reduced fecal secondary BAs and fecal metabolites linked to lower inflammation, such as dodecanedioic acid and pyridoxamine. Moreover, certain taxa like Barnesiella, Clostridia UCG-014 and Eubacterium spp. correlated with significant metabolites and BAs. Additionally, comparisons between iDILI-nonAC and iDILI-AC groups unraveled unique features associated with iDILI when caused by amoxicillin-clavulanate. In conclusion, specific gut microbiota profiles in iDILI and iDILI-AC patients were associated with particular metabolic and BA status, which could affect disease onset and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Román-Sagüillo
- Instituto Universitario de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Raisa Quiñones Castro
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, 24008 León, Spain
| | - María Juárez-Fernández
- Instituto Universitario de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Polina Soluyanova
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Hepatología Experimental, IIS Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Camilla Stephens
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo y Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Mercedes Robles-Díaz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo y Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco Jorquera Plaza
- Instituto Universitario de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, 24008 León, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier González-Gallego
- Instituto Universitario de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Martínez-Flórez
- Instituto Universitario de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - María Victoria García-Mediavilla
- Instituto Universitario de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Nistal
- Instituto Universitario de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramiro Jover
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Hepatología Experimental, IIS Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sonia Sánchez-Campos
- Instituto Universitario de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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10
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Salsinha AS, Cima A, Araújo-Rodrigues H, Viana S, Reis F, Coscueta ER, Rodríguez-Alcalá LM, Relvas JB, Pintado M. The use of an in vitro fecal fermentation model to uncover the beneficial role of omega-3 and punicic acid in gut microbiota alterations induced by a Western diet. Food Funct 2024; 15:6095-6117. [PMID: 38757812 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00727a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The influence of gut microbiota in the onset and development of several metabolic diseases has gained attention over the last few years. Diet plays an essential role in gut microbiota modulation. Western diet (WD), characterized by high-sugar and high-fat consumption, alters gut microbiome composition, diversity index, microbial relative levels, and functional pathways. Despite the promising health effects demonstrated by polyunsaturated fatty acids, their impact on gut microbiota is still overlooked. The effect of Fish oil (omega-3 source) and Pomegranate oil (punicic acid source), and a mixture of both oils in gut microbiota modulation were determined by subjecting the oil samples to in vitro fecal fermentations. Cecal samples from rats from two different dietary groups: a control diet (CD) and a high-fat high-sugar diet (WD), were used as fecal inoculum. 16S amplicon metagenomics sequencing showed that Fish oil + Pomegranate oil from the WD group increased α-diversity. This sample can also increase the relative abundance of the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phylum as well as Akkermansia and Blautia, which were affected by the WD consumption. All samples were able to increase butyrate and acetate concentration in the WD group. Moreover, tyrosine concentrations, a precursor for dopamine and norepinephrine, increase in the Fish oil + Pomegranate oil WD sample. GABA, an important neurotransmitter, was also increased in WD samples. These results suggest a potential positive impact of these oils' mixture on gut-brain axis modulation. It was demonstrated, for the first time, the great potential of using a mixture of both Fish and Pomegranate oil to restore the gut microbiota changes associated with WD consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofia Salsinha
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina -Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua de Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto - Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - André Cima
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina -Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua de Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Helena Araújo-Rodrigues
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina -Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua de Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto - Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Viana
- Coimbra Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine and Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Coimbra, Rua 5 de Outubro - S. Martinho Bispo, Apartado 7006, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Flávio Reis
- Coimbra Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine and Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ezequiel R Coscueta
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina -Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua de Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Luis Miguel Rodríguez-Alcalá
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina -Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua de Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
| | - João B Relvas
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto - Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Departmento de Biomedicina, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Pintado
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina -Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua de Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
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11
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Das UN. The Dysregulation of Essential Fatty Acid (EFA) Metabolism May Be a Factor in the Pathogenesis of Sepsis. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:934. [PMID: 38929553 PMCID: PMC11205989 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60060934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
I propose that a deficiency of essential fatty acids (EFAs) and an alteration in their (EFAs) metabolism could be a major factor in the pathogenesis of sepsis and sepsis-related mortality. The failure of corticosteroids, anti-TNF-α, and anti-interleukin-6 monoclonal antibodies can be attributed to this altered EFA metabolism in sepsis. Vitamin C; folic acid; and vitamin B1, B6, and B12 serve as co-factors necessary for the activity of desaturase enzymes that are the rate-limiting steps in the metabolism of EFAs. The altered metabolism of EFAs results in an imbalance in the production and activities of pro- and anti-inflammatory eicosanoids and cytokines resulting in both hyperimmune and hypoimmune responses seen in sepsis. This implies that restoring the metabolism of EFAs to normal may form a newer therapeutic approach both in the prevention and management of sepsis and other critical illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Undurti N. Das
- UND Life Sciences, 2221 NW 5th St., Battle Ground, WA 98604, USA; ; Tel.: +1-508-904-5376
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Hyderabad, Sangareddy 502285, India
- Department of Medicine, Omega Hospitals, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500032, India
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12
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Wang S, Cui Z, Yang H. Interactions between host and gut microbiota in gestational diabetes mellitus and their impacts on offspring. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:161. [PMID: 38730357 PMCID: PMC11083820 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03255-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized by insulin resistance and low-grade inflammation, and most studies have demonstrated gut dysbiosis in GDM pregnancies. Overall, they were manifested as a reduction in microbiome diversity and richness, depleted short chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing genera and a dominant of Gram-negative pathogens releasing lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The SCFAs functioned as energy substance or signaling molecules to interact with host locally and beyond the gut. LPS contributed to pathophysiology of diseases through activating Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and involved in inflammatory responses. The gut microbiome dysbiosis was not only closely related with GDM, it was also vital to fetal health through vertical transmission. In this review, we summarized gut microbiota signature in GDM pregnancies of each trimester, and presented a brief introduction of microbiome derived SCFAs. We then discussed mechanisms of microbiome-host interactions in the physiopathology of GDM and associated metabolic disorders. Finally, we compared offspring microbiota composition from GDM with that from normal pregnancies, and described the possible mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Beijing, China
| | - Zifeng Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Beijing, China
| | - Huixia Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Beijing, China.
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13
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Lv S, Huang J, Luo Y, Wen Y, Chen B, Qiu H, Chen H, Yue T, He L, Feng B, Yu Z, Zhao M, Yang Q, He M, Xiao W, Zou X, Gu C, Lu R. Gut microbiota is involved in male reproductive function: a review. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1371667. [PMID: 38765683 PMCID: PMC11099273 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1371667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, ~8%-12% of couples confront infertility issues, male-related issues being accountable for 50%. This review focuses on the influence of gut microbiota and their metabolites on the male reproductive system from five perspectives: sperm quality, testicular structure, sex hormones, sexual behavior, and probiotic supplementation. To improve sperm quality, gut microbiota can secrete metabolites by themselves or regulate host metabolites. Endotoxemia is a key factor in testicular structure damage that causes orchitis and disrupts the blood-testis barrier (BTB). In addition, the gut microbiota can regulate sex hormone levels by participating in the synthesis of sex hormone-related enzymes directly and participating in the enterohepatic circulation of sex hormones, and affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-testis (HPT) axis. They can also activate areas of the brain that control sexual arousal and behavior through metabolites. Probiotic supplementation can improve male reproductive function. Therefore, the gut microbiota may affect male reproductive function and behavior; however, further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms underlying microbiota-mediated male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Lv
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jingrong Huang
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yadan Luo
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuhang Wen
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Baoting Chen
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hao Qiu
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Huanxin Chen
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Suining First People's Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Tianhao Yue
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lvqin He
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Baochun Feng
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Suining First People's Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Zehui Yu
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Mingde Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Manli He
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wudian Xiao
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zou
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Suining First People's Hospital, Suining, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Congwei Gu
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Model Animal and Human Disease Research of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruilin Lu
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Suining First People's Hospital, Suining, China
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14
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Li Z, Ma N, Gong X, Shi W, Meng X, Yan J, Zhao Z, Li J. Effects of herbal dregs supplementation of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Isatidis Radix residues improved production performance and gut microbiota abundance in late-phase laying hens. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1381226. [PMID: 38764854 PMCID: PMC11100463 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1381226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of a mixture of Chinese medicinal residues (CMRs) consisting of Salvia miltiorrhiza residues (SMR) and Isatidis Radix residues (IRR) on productive performance, egg quality, serum lipid and hormone levels, liver and blood antioxidant capacity, oviduct inflammation levels, and gut microbiota in the late-laying stage. A total of 288 fifty-four-week-old BaShang long-tailed hens were divided into four groups. The feed trial period was 8 weeks. The control group was fed the basic diet as a CCMR group, supplemented with 3, 4, and 6% for the experimental groups LCMR, MCMR, and HCMR. The egg production rate of the MCMR group was 8.1% higher than that of the CCMR group (p < 0.05). Serum triglyceride (TG) levels of hens of the CMR-supplemented group were significantly decreased than those of the CCMR group (p < 0.05). The group supplemented with different levels of CMR had significantly higher serum HDL-C levels compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were remarkably increased for the LCMR and MCMR groups and significantly decreased for the HCMR group compared to CCMR (p < 0.05). Serum and liver glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activities were significantly increased, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly decreased in the MCMR group compared to the CCMR group (p < 0.05). The expression levels of tubal inflammatory factor markers (IL-4, IL-1β, TNF-α) in the MCMR and HCMR groups were consistent with the pathological findings of the sections. As for cecal microbiota, supplementation with CMR affected the alpha diversity of the cecum microbiome at the genus level. The Shannon index was significantly higher in the MCMR group than in the CCMR and HCMR groups (p < 0.05). Supplementation with different levels of CMR mainly regulated the ratio of intestinal Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes and the abundance of phyla such as Proteobacteria. In addition, CMR supplementation at different levels in the diet enriched lipid-metabolizing bacteria, such as Bacteroides and Ruminococcus_gnavus_group. Furthermore, according to linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analysis, the MCMR group showed an increase in the number of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria Romboutsia and fiber-degrading specialized bacteria Monoglobus. Therefore, supplementation of appropriate amounts of CMR to the diet of laying hens enhanced reproductive hormone levels, hepatic antioxidant capacity, and lipid metabolism, alleviated the levels of oviductal inflammatory factors, and modulated the abundance structure of bacterial flora to improve the late-laying performance and egg quality. The results of the current study showed that CMR is a beneficial feed supplement for chickens when added in moderation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaonian Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Ning Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xincheng Gong
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Wanyu Shi
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xianhua Meng
- Hebei General Station of Animal Husbandry, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jingjiao Yan
- Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Institution of Zhangjiakou, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
| | - Jiefeng Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine of Hebei Province, Baoding, China
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15
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Lu Z, Zheng Y, Zheng J, Liang Q, Zhen Q, Cui M, Yang H, Wu H, Tian C, Zhu K, Bian C, Du L, Wu H, Guo X. Theabrownin from Fu Brick tea ameliorates high-fat induced insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and inflammation in mice by altering the composition and metabolites of gut microbiota. Food Funct 2024; 15:4421-4435. [PMID: 38563324 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05459d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Fu Brick tea belongs to fermented dark tea, which is one of the six categories of tea. Fu Brick tea has been reported to reduce adiposity and has beneficial effects in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular disease. Theabrownin (TB) is one of the pigments with the most abundant content in Fu Brick tea. TB has also been reported to have lipid-lowering effects, but its mechanism remains unclear. We found that TB could effectively reduce the insulin resistance and fat deposition induced by a high fat diet (HFD), decrease inflammation in the liver, improve intestinal integrity, and reduce endotoxins in circulation. Further studies showed that TB increased the abundance of Verrucomicrobiota and reduced the abundance of Firmicutes and Desulfobacterota in the intestinal tract of obese mice. The alteration of gut microbiota is closely linked to the metabolic phenotype after TB treatment through correlation analysis. Moreover, TB changed the gut microbial metabolites including L-ornithine, α-ketoglutarate, and glutamine, which have also been found to be upregulated in the liver after TB intervention. In vitro, L-ornithine, α-ketoglutarate, or glutamine significantly reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in macrophages. Therefore, our results suggest that TB can reduce adiposity, systemic insulin resistance, and liver inflammation induced by a HFD through altering gut microbiota and improving the intestinal tight junction integrity. The metabolites of gut microbiota might also play a role in ameliorating the HFD-induced phenotype by TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongting Lu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Yan Zheng
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Juan Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qijian Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Qingcai Zhen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Mengjie Cui
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Haoru Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Haotian Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Cuixia Tian
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Kangming Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Chunyong Bian
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Lei Du
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
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16
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Zhang P, Xu J, Zhou Y. The relationship between gastric microbiome features and responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1357261. [PMID: 38694796 PMCID: PMC11061454 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1357261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence demonstrates that the gastrointestinal microbiome has the potential to be a biomarker in neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC). Yet studies on the impact of the gastric microbiome (GM) on the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) are still scarce. Methods Forty-eight patients with gastric cancer participated in this retrospective study, and 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to evaluate formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue biospecimens and fresh-frozen tissues. Results In this study, 16 bacterial taxa at different levels, including Bacillus, Anaerococcus, and Chloroflexi, were identified to be enriched before NACT in response (R) patients in group FFPE. In contrast, 6 bacterial taxa, such as Haemophilus, Veillonellaceae (Veillonella), etc. were enriched after NACT, in which we reported for the first time that the phylum Chloroflexi was enriched before NACT in R patients. Thirty-one bacterial taxa of Coriobacteriaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Veillonellaceae, and Lachnospiraceae were identified in group mucosa as being enriched in R patients. In comparison, 4 bacterial taxa dominated by the phylum Proteobacteria were enriched in NR patients. Notably, the family Veillonellaceae was found in both tissue samples, and the metabolic pathways, including the citrate cycle (TCA cycle) and various amino acids, including alanine, were found to be potentially predictive in both sample species. Conclusion There are differences in the features of the GM for different NACT response results. The causal relationship deserves to be confirmed by further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianfei Xu
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanbing Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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17
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Xiao H, Yin D, Du L, Li G, Lin J, Fang C, Shen S, Xiao G, Fang R. Effects of pork sausage on intestinal microecology and metabolism in mice. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:3413-3427. [PMID: 38111159 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Processed meat, as an important part of the human diet, has been recognized as a carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Although numerous epidemiological reports supported the IARC's view, the relevant evidence of a direct association between processed meat and carcinogenicity has been insufficient and the mechanism has been unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of pork sausage (as a representative example of processed meat) intake on gut microbial communities and metabolites of mice. Microbial communities and metabolites from all groups were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and Ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometer (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS), respectively. RESULTS The levels of Bacteroidetes, Bacteroides, Alloprevotella, Lactobacillus, Prevotella_9, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Alistipes, Blautia, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Allobaculum, Helicobacter, Desulfovibrio, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006 and Streptococcus (P < 0.05) were obviously altered in the mice fed a pork sausage diet. Twenty-seven metabolites from intestinal content samples and fourteen matabolites from whole blood samples were identified as potential biomarkers from multivariate analysis, including Phosphatidic acid (PA), Sphingomyelin (SM), Lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC), Diglyceride (DG), D-maltose, N-acylamides and so forth. The significant changes in these biomarkers demonstrate metabonomic variations in pork sausage treated rats, especially carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. CONCLUSION The present study provided evidence that a processed meat diet can increase the risk of colorectal cancer and other diseases significantly by altering the microbial community structure and disrupting the body's metabolic pathways. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Chemical and Biological Processing Technology, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danhan Yin
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lidan Du
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gaotian Li
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenyu Fang
- Hangzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaolin Shen
- Hangzhou Xiaoshan Institute of Measurement for Quality and Technique Supervision, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gongnian Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Chemical and Biological Processing Technology, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruosi Fang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Chemical and Biological Processing Technology, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
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18
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Zhang J, Zhao M, Yu H, Wang Q, Shen F, Cai H, Feng F, Tang J. Palmitoleic Acid Ameliorates Metabolic Disorders and Inflammation by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolites. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300749. [PMID: 38511225 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Palmitoleic acid (POA) is an omega-7 monounsaturated fatty acid that has been suggested to improve metabolic disorders. However, it remains unclear whether gut microbiota plays a role in the amelioration of metabolic disorders by POA. This study aims to investigate the regulation of POA on metabolism, as well as systemic inflammation in HFD-fed mice from the perspective of serum metabolome and gut microbiome. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty-six C57BL/6 male mice are randomly assigned to either a normal chow diet containing 1.9% w/w lard or an HFD containing 20.68% w/w lard or 20.68% w/w sea buckthorn pulp oil for 16 weeks. The study finds that POA significantly attenuated hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and inflammation in HFD-fed mice. POA supplementation significantly alters the composition of serum metabolites, particularly lipid metabolites in the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway. POA obviously increases the abundance of Bifidobacterium and decreases the abundance of Allobaculum. Importantly, the study finds that glycerophosphocholine mediates the effect of Bifidobacterium on LDL-C, sphingomyelin mediates the effect of Bifidobacterium on IL-6, and maslinic acid mediates the effect of Allobaculum on IL-6. CONCLUSION The results suggest that exogenous POA can improve metabolic disorders and inflammation in HFD-fed mice, potentially by modulating the serum metabolome and gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Minjie Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Huilin Yu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Fei Shen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Haiying Cai
- School of Biological & Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science &Technology, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Jun Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- Westlake Intelligent Biomarker Discovery Lab, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, 310012, China
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19
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Xing X, Sun Q, Wang R, Wang Y, Wang R. Impacts of glutamate, an exercise-responsive metabolite on insulin signaling. Life Sci 2024; 341:122471. [PMID: 38301875 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Disruption of the insulin signaling pathway leads to insulin resistance (IR). IR is characterized by impaired glucose and lipid metabolism. Elevated levels of circulating glutamate are correlated with metabolic indicators and may potentially predict the onset of metabolic diseases. Glutamate receptor antagonists have significantly enhanced insulin sensitivity, and improved glucose and lipid metabolism. Exercise is a well-known strategy to combat IR. The aims of our narrative review are to summarize preclinical and clinical findings to show the correlations between circulating glutamate levels, IR and metabolic diseases, discuss the causal role of excessive glutamate in IR and metabolic disturbance, and present an overview of the exercise-induced alteration in circulating glutamate levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was conducted to identify studies on glutamate, insulin signaling, and exercise in the PubMed database. The search covered articles published from December 1955 to January 2024, using the search terms of "glutamate", "glutamic acid", "insulin signaling", "insulin resistance", "insulin sensitivity", "exercise", and "physical activity". KEY FINDINGS Elevated levels of circulating glutamate are correlated with IR. Excessive glutamate can potentially hinder the insulin signaling pathway through various mechanisms, including the activation of ectopic lipid accumulation, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Glutamate can also modify mitochondrial function through Ca2+ and induce purine degradation mediated by AMP deaminase 2. Exercise has the potential to decrease circulating levels of glutamate, which can be attributed to accelerated glutamate catabolism and enhanced glutamate uptake. SIGNIFICANCE Glutamate may act as a mediator in the exercise-induced improvement of insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Xing
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qin Sun
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ruwen Wang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yibing Wang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Ru Wang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
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Lu J, Zeng Y, Zhong H, Guo W, Zhang Y, Mai W, Qin Y, Su X, Zhang B, Wu W, Zhu Y, Huang Q, Ye Y. Dual-Stimuli-Responsive Gut Microbiota-Targeting Nitidine Chloride-CS/PT-NPs Improved Metabolic Status in NAFLD. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:2409-2428. [PMID: 38476281 PMCID: PMC10929648 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s452194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Nitidine chloride (NC) is a botanical drug renowned for its potent anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, and hepatocellular carcinoma-inhibiting properties; however, its limited solubility poses challenges to its development and application. To address this issue, we have devised a colon-targeted delivery system (NC-CS/PT-NPs) aimed at modulating the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota by augmenting the interaction between NC and the intestinal microbiota, thereby exerting an effect against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods The NC-CS/PT-NPs were synthesized using the ion gel method. Subsequently, the particle size distribution, morphology, drug loading efficiency, and release behavior of the NC-CS/PT-NPs were characterized. Furthermore, the impact of NC-CS/PT-NPs on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in mice was investigated through serum biochemical analysis, ELISA, and histochemical staining. Additionally, the influence of NC-CS/PT-NPs on intestinal microbiota was analyzed using 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Results The nanoparticles prepared in this study have an average particle size of (255.9±5.10) nm, with an encapsulation rate of (72.83±2.13) % and a drug loading of (4.65±0.44) %. In vitro release experiments demonstrated that the cumulative release rate in the stomach and small intestine was lower than 22.0%, while it reached 66.75% in the colon. In vivo experiments conducted on HFD-induced NAFLD mice showed that treatment with NC-CS/PT-NPs inhibited weight gain, decreased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lipid levels, improved liver and intestinal inflammation, and altered the diversity of gut microbiota in mice. Conclusion This study provides new evidence for the treatment of NAFLD through the regulation of gut microbiota using active ingredients from traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmei Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- The Second Nanning People’s Hospital, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongzhu Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huashuai Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuyan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanting Mai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yucui Qin
- Maternity and Child Health Care of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Su
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Scientific Research Center, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weisen Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiujie Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Precision Detection and Screening, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nanoscale Bioanalysis and Drug Screening of Guangxi Education Department, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
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21
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Yuan L, Zhao J, Liu Y, Zhao J, Olnood CG, Xu YJ, Liu Y. Multiomics analysis revealed the mechanism of the anti-diabetic effect of Salecan. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 327:121694. [PMID: 38171651 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Salecan, a natural β-glucan compromising nine residues connected by β-(1 → 3)/α-(1 → 3) glycosidic bonds, is one of the newly approved food ingredients. Salecan has multiple health-improving effects, yet its mechanism against Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains poorly understood. In this study, the hypoglycemic effect and underlying mechanism of Salecan intervention on STZ-induced diabetic model mice were investigated. After 8 weeks of gavage, Salecan attenuated insulin resistance and repaired pancreatic β cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, Salecan supplement remodel the structure of the gut microbiota and altered the level of intestinal metabolites. Serum metabolites, especially unsaturated fatty acids, were also affected significantly. In addition, tight junction proteins in the colon and autophagy-related proteins in the pancreas were upregulated. Multiomics analysis indicated that Lactobacillus johnsonii, Muribaculaceae, and Lachnoclostridium were highly associated with fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFA) levels in the colon, accordingly enhancing arachidonic acid and linoleic acid in serum, and promoting GLP-1 release in the intestine and insulin secretion in the pancreas, thus relieving insulin resistance and exhibiting hypoglycemic effects. These findings provide a novel understanding of the anti-diabetic effect of Salecan in mice from a molecular perspective, paving the way for the wide use of Salecan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Sichuan Synlight Biotech Ltd, 88 Keyuan South Road, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jialiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Guang Olnood
- Sichuan Synlight Biotech Ltd, 88 Keyuan South Road, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong-Jiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
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Chen X, Hou Y, Liao A, Pan L, Yang S, Liu Y, Wang J, Xue Y, Zhang M, Zhu Z, Huang J. Integrated Analysis of Gut Microbiome and Adipose Transcriptome Reveals Beneficial Effects of Resistant Dextrin from Wheat Starch on Insulin Resistance in Kunming Mice. Biomolecules 2024; 14:186. [PMID: 38397423 PMCID: PMC10886926 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic chronic inflammation is recognized as a significant contributor to the development of obesity-related insulin resistance. Previous studies have revealed the physiological benefits of resistant dextrin (RD), including obesity reduction, lower fasting glucose levels, and anti-inflammation. The present study investigated the effects of RD intervention on insulin resistance (IR) in Kunming mice, expounding the mechanisms through the gut microbiome and transcriptome of white adipose. In this eight-week study, we investigated changes in tissue weight, glucose-lipid metabolism levels, serum inflammation levels, and lesions of epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) evaluated via Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining. Moreover, we analyzed the gut microbiota composition and transcriptome of eWAT to assess the potential protective effects of RD intervention. Compared with a high-fat, high-sugar diet (HFHSD) group, the RD intervention significantly enhanced glucose homeostasis (e.g., AUC-OGTT, HOMA-IR, p < 0.001), and reduced lipid metabolism (e.g., TG, LDL-C, p < 0.001) and serum inflammation levels (e.g., IL-1β, IL-6, p < 0.001). The RD intervention also led to changes in the gut microbiota composition, with an increase in the abundance of probiotics (e.g., Parabacteroides, Faecalibaculum, and Muribaculum, p < 0.05) and a decrease in harmful bacteria (Colidextribacter, p < 0.05). Moreover, the RD intervention had a noticeable effect on the gene transcription profile of eWAT, and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that differential genes were enriched in PI3K/AKT, AMPK, in glucose-lipid metabolism, and in the regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes signaling pathways. The findings demonstrated that RD not only ameliorated IR, but also remodeled the gut microbiota and modified the transcriptome profile of eWAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Chen
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yinchen Hou
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
| | - Aimei Liao
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Long Pan
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shengru Yang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
| | - Yingying Liu
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yingchun Xue
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mingyi Zhang
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhitong Zhu
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jihong Huang
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China; (X.C.); (Y.H.); (A.L.); (L.P.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.Z.)
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, College of Agriculture, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China
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Yu H, Wang C, Wu J, Wang Q, Liu H, Li Z, He S, Wang C, Liu J. Study on the Anti-Ulcerative Colitis Effect of Pseudo-Ginsenoside RT4 Based on Gut Microbiota, Pharmacokinetics, and Tissue Distribution. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:835. [PMID: 38255909 PMCID: PMC10815824 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the therapeutic effect of the oral administration of pseudo-ginsenoside RT4 (RT4) on ulcerative colitis (UC), and to determine the rate of absorption and distribution of RT4 in mice with UC. Balb/c mice were induced using dextran sulfate sodium salts (DSS) to establish the UC model, and 10, 20, or 40 mg/kg of RT4 was subsequently administered via gavage. The clinical symptoms, inflammatory response, intestinal barrier, content of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and gut microbiota were investigated. Caco-2 cells were induced to establish the epithelial barrier damage model using LPS, and an intervention was performed using 4, 8, and 16 µg/mL of RT4. The inflammatory factors, transient electrical resistance (TEER), and tight-junction protein expression were determined. Finally, pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution studies following the intragastric administration of RT4 in UC mice were performed. According to the results in mice, RT4 decreased the disease activity index (DAI) score, restored the colon length, reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β), and boosted the levels of immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10, increased the content of SCFAs, improved the colonic histopathology, maintained the ultrastructure of colonic mucosal epithelial cells, and corrected disturbances in the intestinal microbiota. Based on the results in caco-2 cells, RT4 reduced the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β; protected integrity of monolayers; and increased tight-junction protein expression. Additionally, the main pharmacokinetic parameters (Cmax, Tmax, t1/2, Vd, CL, AUC) were obtained, the absolute bioavailability was calculated as 18.90% ± 2.70%, and the main distribution tissues were the small intestine and colon. In conclusion, RT4, with the features of slow elimination and directional distribution, could alleviate UC by inhibiting inflammatory factors, repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier, boosting the dominant intestinal microflora, and modulating the expression of SCFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (H.Y.); (C.W.); (J.W.); (Q.W.); (H.L.); (Z.L.); (S.H.); (C.W.)
| | - Caixia Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (H.Y.); (C.W.); (J.W.); (Q.W.); (H.L.); (Z.L.); (S.H.); (C.W.)
| | - Junzhe Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (H.Y.); (C.W.); (J.W.); (Q.W.); (H.L.); (Z.L.); (S.H.); (C.W.)
| | - Qianyun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (H.Y.); (C.W.); (J.W.); (Q.W.); (H.L.); (Z.L.); (S.H.); (C.W.)
| | - Hanlin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (H.Y.); (C.W.); (J.W.); (Q.W.); (H.L.); (Z.L.); (S.H.); (C.W.)
| | - Zhuoqiao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (H.Y.); (C.W.); (J.W.); (Q.W.); (H.L.); (Z.L.); (S.H.); (C.W.)
| | - Shanmei He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (H.Y.); (C.W.); (J.W.); (Q.W.); (H.L.); (Z.L.); (S.H.); (C.W.)
| | - Cuizhu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (H.Y.); (C.W.); (J.W.); (Q.W.); (H.L.); (Z.L.); (S.H.); (C.W.)
- Research Center of Natural Drug, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jinping Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (H.Y.); (C.W.); (J.W.); (Q.W.); (H.L.); (Z.L.); (S.H.); (C.W.)
- Research Center of Natural Drug, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Patel N, Dinesh S, Sharma S. From Gut to Glucose: A Comprehensive Review on Functional Foods and Dietary Interventions for Diabetes Management. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e111023222081. [PMID: 37861021 DOI: 10.2174/0115733998266653231005072450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the realm of diabetes research, considerable attention has been directed toward elucidating the intricate interplay between the gastrointestinal tract and glucose regulation. The gastrointestinal tract, once exclusively considered for its role in digestion and nutrient assimilation, is presently acknowledged as a multifaceted ecosystem with regulatory supremacy over metabolic homeostasis and glucose metabolism. Recent studies indicate that alterations in the composition and functionality of the gut microbiota could potentially influence the regulation of glucose levels and glucose homeostasis in the body. Dysbiosis, characterized by perturbations in the equilibrium of gut microbial constituents, has been irrevocably linked to an augmented risk of diabetes mellitus (DM). Moreover, research has revealed the potential influence of the gut microbiota on important factors, like inflammation and insulin sensitivity, which are key contributors to the onset and progression of diabetes. The key protagonists implicated in the regulation of glucose encompass the gut bacteria, gut barrier integrity, and the gut-brain axis. A viable approach to enhance glycemic control while concurrently mitigating the burden of comorbidities associated with diabetes resides in the strategic manipulation of the gut environment through adapted dietary practices. OBJECTIVE This review aimed to provide a deep understanding of the complex relationship between gut health, glucose metabolism, and diabetes treatment. CONCLUSION This study has presented an exhaustive overview of dietary therapies and functional foods that have undergone extensive research to explore their potential advantages in the management of diabetes. It looks into the role of gut health in glucose regulation, discusses the impact of different dietary elements on the course of diabetes, and evaluates how well functional foods can help with glycemic control. Furthermore, it investigates the mechanistic aspects of these therapies, including their influence on insulin sensitivity, β-cell activity, and inflammation. It deliberates on the limitations and potential prospects associated with integrating functional foods into personalized approaches to diabetes care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirali Patel
- Department of Bioinformatics, BioNome, Bengaluru 560043, India
| | - Susha Dinesh
- Department of Bioinformatics, BioNome, Bengaluru 560043, India
| | - Sameer Sharma
- Department of Bioinformatics, BioNome, Bengaluru 560043, India
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25
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Liu D, Gao X, Huang X, Fan Y, Wang YE, Zhang Y, Chen X, Wen J, He H, Hong Y, Liang Y, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Chen S, Li X. Moderate altitude exposure impacts host fasting blood glucose and serum metabolome by regulation of the intestinal flora. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167016. [PMID: 37714338 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Moderate altitude exposure has shown beneficial effects on diabetes incidence but the underlying mechanisms are not understood. Our study aimed to investigate how the human gut microbiome impacted the serum metabolome and associated with glucose homeostasis in healthy Chinese individuals upon moderate-altitude exposure. Faecal microbiome composition was assessed using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Serum metabolome was acquired by untargeted metabolomics technology, and amino acids (AAs) and propionic acid in serum were quantified by targeted metabolomics technology. The results indicated that the moderate-altitude exposed individuals presented lowered fasting blood glucose (FBG) and propionic acid, increased circulating L-Glutamine but decreased L-Glutamate and L-Valine, which correlated with enriched Bacteroidetes and decreased Proteobacteria. Additionally, the silico causality associations among gut microbiota, serum metabolome and host FBG were analyzed by mediation analysis. It showed that increased Bacteroides ovatus (B. ovatus) and decreased Escherichia coli (E. coli) were identified as the main antagonistic species driving the association between L-Glutamate and FBG in silico causality. Furthermore, the high-fat diet (HFD) fed mice subjected to faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) were applied to validate the cause-in-fact effects of gut microbiota on the beneficial glucose response. We found that microbiome in the moderate-altitude exposed donor could predict the extent of the FBG response in recipient mice, which showed lowered FBG, L-Glutamate and Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. Our findings suggest that moderate-altitude exposure targeting gut microbiota and circulating metabolome, may pave novel avenues to counter dysglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Nyingchi People's Hospital, Tibet, China
| | - Xiaoyan Gao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoran Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanqun Fan
- Biotree Metabolomics Technology Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-E Wang
- Nyingchi People's Hospital, Tibet, China
| | - Yuelin Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuanfu Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Emergency Medicine Department of Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jielu Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Haiwei He
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yimei Hong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Nyingchi People's Hospital, Tibet, China
| | - Yuxiao Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhipeng Liu
- Biotree Metabolomics Technology Research Center, Shanghai, China.
| | - Sifan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan, China.
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Nyingchi People's Hospital, Tibet, China.
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26
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Deng ZC, Yang JC, Huang YX, Zhao L, Zheng J, Xu QB, Guan L, Sun LH. Translocation of gut microbes to epididymal white adipose tissue drives lipid metabolism disorder under heat stress. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:2877-2895. [PMID: 37480471 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2320-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress induces multi-organ damage and serious physiological dysfunction in mammals, and gut bacteria may translocate to extra-intestinal tissues under heat stress pathology. However, whether gut bacteria translocate to the key metabolic organs and impair function as a result of heat stress remains unknown. Using a heat stress-induced mouse model, heat stress inhibited epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) expansion and induced lipid metabolic disorder but did not damage other organs, such as the heart, liver, spleen, or muscle. Microbial profiling analysis revealed that heat stress shifted the bacterial community in the cecum and eWAT but not in the inguinal white adipose tissue, blood, heart, liver, spleen, or muscle. Notably, gut-vascular barrier function was impaired, and the levels of some bacteria, particularly Lactobacillus, were higher in the eWAT, as confirmed by catalyzed reporter deposition fluorescence in situ hybridization (CARD-FISH) staining when mice were under heat stress. Moreover, integrated multi-omics analysis showed that the eWAT microbiota was associated with host lipid metabolism, and the expression of genes involved in the lipid metabolism in eWAT was upregulated under heat stress. A follow-up microbial supplementation study after introducing Lactobacillus plantarum to heat-stressed mice revealed that the probiotic ameliorated heat stress-induced loss of eWAT and dyslipidemia and reduced gut bacterial translocation to the eWAT by improving gut barrier function. Overall, our findings suggest that gut bacteria, particularly Lactobacillus spp., play a crucial role in heat stress-induced lipid metabolism disorder and that there is therapeutic potential for using probiotics, such as Lactobacillus plantarum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang-Chao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jia-Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jinshui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qing-Biao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Leluo Guan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Lv-Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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27
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Wang T, Wang M, Liu L, Xie F, Wu X, Li L, Ji J, Wu D. Lower serum branched-chain amino acid catabolic intermediates are predictive signatures specific to patients with diabetic foot. Nutr Res 2023; 119:33-42. [PMID: 37716292 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic foot (DF) is one of the serious chronic complications of diabetes. Accurate prediction of the risk of DF may take timely intervention measures to prevent its occurrence. The understanding of metabolomic changes in the progression of diabetes to DF may reveal new targets for interventions. We hypothesized that changes in metabolic pathways during DF would lead to changes in the metabolic profile, which could be predictive signature specific to it. In the present study, 43 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), 32 T2DM participants with DF (T2DM-F), and 36 healthy subjects were enrolled and their serum samples were used for targeted and nonpolar metabolic analysis with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Differential metabolites related to T2DM-F were discovered in metabolomic analysis. Lasso machine learning regression model, random forest algorithm, causal mediation analysis, disease risk assessment, and clinical decision model were carried out. T2DM and T2DM-F groups could be distinguished with the healthy control group. The differential metabolites were all enriched in alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid metabolic pathways including arachidonic acid, docosapentaenoic-acid 22N-6, and docosahexaenoic-acid, which were significantly lower in the T2DM and T2DM-F groups compared with the healthy control group. The differential metabolites in T2DM-F vs T2DM groups were enriched to branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolic pathways involving in methylmalonic acid, succinic acid, 3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid, and ketoleucine, which were the BCAA catabolic intermediates and significantly lower in the T2DM-F compared with the T2DM group except for succinic acid. We reveal a new set of predictive signatures and associate the lower BCAA catabolic intermediates with the progression from T2DM to T2DM-F.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Chinese Academy of Science Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518027, China
| | - Mingbang Wang
- Microbiome Therapy Center, South China Hospital, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518116, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Center for Children's Health, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Liming Liu
- Pathology Department, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518027, China
| | - Fang Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Chinese Academy of Science Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518027, China
| | - Xuanqin Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Chinese Academy of Science Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518027, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Chinese Academy of Science Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518027, China
| | - Jun Ji
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Chinese Academy of Science Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518027, China.
| | - Dafang Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Xi'an No.1 Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, 710000, Shanxi, China.
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28
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Xiao J, Zhang JY, Luo W, He PC, Skondra D. The Emerging Role of Gut Microbiota in Age-Related Macular Degeneration. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 193:1627-1637. [PMID: 37156326 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive, degenerative retinal disease that is a leading cause of blindness globally. Although multiple risk factors have been identified regarding disease incidence and progression, including smoking, genetics, and diet, the understanding of AMD pathogenesis remains unclear. As such, primary prevention is lacking, and current treatments have limited efficacy. More recently, the gut microbiome has emerged as an influential player in various ocular pathologies. As mediators of metabolism and immune regulation, perturbations in gut microbiota may impart significant effects distally on the neuroretina and its adjacent tissues, termed the gut-retina axis. In this review, key studies over the past several decades are summarized, both in humans and in animal models, which shed insight on the relationships between the gut microbiome and retinal biology and their implications for AMD. The literature linking gut dysbiosis with AMD is examined, along with preclinical animal models and techniques apt for studying the role of gut microbiota in AMD pathogenesis, which include interactions with systemic inflammation, immune regulation, chorioretinal gene expression, and diet. As understanding of the gut-retina axis continues to advance, so too will the possibility for more accessible and effective prevention and therapy of this vision-threatening condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Xiao
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jason Y Zhang
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Wendy Luo
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - P Cody He
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Dimitra Skondra
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
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29
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Xiao QA, Yang YF, Chen L, Xie YC, Li HT, Fu ZG, Han Q, Qin J, Tian J, Zhao WJ, Cai F, Hu YT, Ai LF, Li C, Chen XY, Wang D, Tan YY, Xia X, Zhang XL. The causality between gut microbiome and liver cirrhosis: a bi-directional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1256874. [PMID: 37920262 PMCID: PMC10619669 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1256874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Previous studies have reported an association between gut microbiota and cirrhosis. However, the causality between intestinal flora and liver cirrhosis still remains unclear. In this study, bi-directional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to ascertain the potential causal effect between gut microbes and cirrhosis. Methods Large-scale Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) data of cirrhosis and gut microbes were obtained from FinnGen, Mibiogen consortium, and a GWAS meta-analysis of Alcoholic cirrhosis (ALC). Two-sample MR was performed to determine the causal relationship between gut microbiota and cirrhosis. Furthermore, a bi-directional MR analysis was employed to examine the direction of the causal relations. Result In MR analysis, we found that 21 gut microbiotas were potentially associated with cirrhosis. In reverse MR analysis, 11 gut microbiotas displayed potentially associations between genetic liability in the gut microbiome and cirrhosis. We found that the family Lachnospiraceae (OR: 1.59, 95% CI:1.10-2.29) might be harmful in cirrhotic conditions (ICD-10: K74). Furthermore, the genus Erysipelatoclostridium might be a protective factor for cirrhosis (OR:0.55, 95% CI:0.34-0.88) and PBC (OR:0.68, 95% CI:0.52-0.89). Combining the results from the MR analysis and reverse MR analysis, we firstly identified the Genus Butyricicoccus had a bi-directional causal effect on PBC (Forward: OR: 0.37, 95% CI:0.15-0.93; Reverse: OR: 1.03, 95% CI:1.00-1.05). Conclusion We found a new potential causal effect between cirrhosis and intestinal flora and provided new insights into the role of gut microbiota in the pathological progression of liver cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Ao Xiao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
| | - Yun-Fei Yang
- Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
- Department of Surgery of Thyroid and Breast, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
- Department of Radiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Ying-Chun Xie
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
| | - Hai-Tao Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Fu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
| | - Qiang Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
| | - Jia Qin
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
| | - Wen-Jiang Zhao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
| | - Fei Cai
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
| | - Yin-Tao Hu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
| | - Lin-Feng Ai
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
| | - Xu-Ying Chen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
| | - Decheng Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Yu-Yan Tan
- Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
- Department of Surgery of Thyroid and Breast, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Xuan Xia
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medical School, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
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Li HY, Huang SY, Zhou DD, Xiong RG, Luo M, Saimaiti A, Han MK, Gan RY, Zhu HL, Li HB. Theabrownin inhibits obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice via serotonin-related signaling pathways and gut-liver axis. J Adv Res 2023; 52:59-72. [PMID: 36639024 PMCID: PMC10555776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with obesity seriously threats public health. Our previous studies showed that dark tea had more potential on regulating lipid metabolism than other teas, and theabrownin (TB) was considered to be a main contributor to the bioactivity of dark tea. OBJECTIVES This in vivo study aims to reveal the effects and molecular mechanisms of TB on NAFLD and obesity, and the role of the gut-liver axis is explored. METHODS The histopathological examinations, biochemical tests, and nuclear magnetic resonance were applied to evaluate the effects of TB on NAFLD and obesity. The untargeted metabolomics was used to find the key molecule for further exploration of molecular mechanisms. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to assess the changes in gut microbiota. The antibiotic cocktail and fecal microbiota transplant were used to clarify the role of gut microbiota. RESULTS TB markedly reduced body weight gain (67.01%), body fat rate (62.81%), and hepatic TG level (51.35%) in the preventive experiment. Especially, TB decreased body weight (32.16%), body fat rate (42.56%), and hepatic TG level (42.86%) in the therapeutic experiment. The mechanisms of action could be the improvement of fatty acid oxidation, lipolysis, and oxidative stress via the regulation of serotonin-related signaling pathways. Also, TB increased the abundance of serotonin-related gut microbiota, such as Akkermansia, Bacteroides and Parabacteroides. Antibiotics-induced gut bacterial dysbiosis disrupted the regulation of TB on serotonin-related signaling pathways in liver, whereas the beneficial regulation of TB on target proteins was regained with the restoration of gut microbiota. CONCLUSION We find that TB has markedly preventive and therapeutic effects on NAFLD and obesity by regulating serotonin level and related signaling pathways through gut microbiota. Furthermore, gut microbiota and TB co-contribute to alleviating NAFLD and obesity. TB could be a promising medicine for NAFLD and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Yu Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Si-Yu Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ruo-Gu Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Min Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Adila Saimaiti
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mu-Ke Han
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Agricultural Science & Technology Center, Chengdu 610213, China.
| | - Hui-Lian Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Jiang H, Song T, Li Z, An L, He C, Zheng K. Dissecting the association between gut microbiota and liver cancer in European and East Asian populations using Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1255650. [PMID: 37789851 PMCID: PMC10544983 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1255650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ample evidence suggests an important role of the gut microbiome in liver cancer, but the causal relationship between gut microbiome and liver cancer is unclear. This study employed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to examine the causal relationship between the gut microbiome and liver cancer in European and East Asian populations. Methods We sourced genetic variants linked to gut microbiota from the MiBioGen consortium meta-analysis, and procured liver cancer genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data from the FinnGen consortium and Biobank Japan. We employed the inverse variance weighted method for primary statistical analysis, fortified by several sensitivity analyses such as MR-PRESSO, MR-Egger regression, weighted median, weighted mode, and maximum likelihood methods for rigorous results. We also evaluated heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy. Results The study examined an extensive set of gut microbiota, including 131 genera, 35 families, 20 orders, 16 classes, and 9 phyla. In Europeans, ten gut microbiota types displayed a suggestive association with liver cancer (p < 0.05). Notably, Oscillospira and Mollicutes RF9 exhibited a statistically significant positive association with liver cancer risk, with odds ratios (OR) of 2.59 (95% CI 1.36-4.95) and 2.03 (95% CI 1.21-3.40), respectively, after adjusting for multiple testing. In East Asians, while six microbial types demonstrated suggestive associations with liver cancer, only Oscillibacter displayed a statistically significant positive association (OR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.11-2.19) with an FDR < 0.05. Sensitivity analyses reinforced these findings despite variations in p-values. Conclusion This study provides evidence for a causal relationship between specific gut microbiota and liver cancer, enhancing the understanding of the role of the gut microbiome in liver cancer and may offer new avenues for preventive and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu City, China
| | - Tianjun Song
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Zhongyi Li
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lingxuan An
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Chiyi He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu City, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- Department of Trauma Microsurgery, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Hu J, Xie H, Lin N, Yang Y. Penthorum chinense Pursh improves type 2 diabetes mellitus via modulating gut microbiota in db/db mice. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:314. [PMID: 37689643 PMCID: PMC10492416 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04136-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Penthorum chinense Pursh (P. chinense) has been traditionally used as hepatoprotective food and medicine for hundreds of years due to its significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the efficacy and mechanisms of action of P. chinense in type 2 diabetes mellitus were not fully understood. In this study, we found that P. chinense extract (PCP) supplementation resulted in reduced body weight and hyperglycemia, improved pancreatic tissue injury and insulin sensitivity, and decreased inflammatory cytokines expression in spontaneously diabetic db/db mice. 16S rRNA gene sequencing of fecal samples showed that PCP administration decreased the abundance of Firmicutes and increased the proportion of Bacteroidetes at the phylum level. Moreover, Muribaculum, Barnesiella, Prevotella, and Mucinivorans were enriched, with Desulfovibrio and Lactobacillus lowered at the genus level in db/db mice with PCP supplementation. These results suggested that PCP may ameliorate hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and inflammation by remodeling the gut microbiota in db/db mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilei Hu
- Clinical Nutrition, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, P. R. China
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, P. R. China
| | - Huibo Xie
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, P. R. China
| | - Ning Lin
- Clinical Nutrition, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, P. R. China.
- Environmental health effects and risk assessment Key Laboratory of Luzhou, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, P. R. China.
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Li Z, Yuan H, Chu H, Yang L. The Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and Bile Acids Promotes the Development of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2059. [PMID: 37630619 PMCID: PMC10459427 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently the roles of gut microbiota are highly regarded in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The intestinal bacteria regulate the metabolism of bile acids depending on bile salt hydrolase (BSH), 7-dehydroxylation, hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSDH), or amide conjugation reaction, thus exerting effects on NAFLD development through bile acid receptors such as farnesoid X receptor (FXR), Takeda G-protein-coupled bile acid protein 5 (TGR5), and vitamin D receptor (VDR), which modulate nutrient metabolism and insulin sensitivity via interacting with downstream molecules. Reversely, the composition of gut microbiota is also affected by the level of bile acids in turn. We summarize the mutual regulation between the specific bacteria and bile acids in NAFLD and the latest clinical research based on microbiota and bile acids, which facilitate the development of novel treatment modalities in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ling Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China; (Z.L.); (H.Y.); (H.C.)
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Ren C, Zhong D, Qi Y, Liu C, Liu X, Chen S, Yan S, Zhou M. Bioinspired pH-Responsive Microalgal Hydrogels for Oral Insulin Delivery with Both Hypoglycemic and Insulin Sensitizing Effects. ACS NANO 2023; 17:14161-14175. [PMID: 37406357 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The oral form of insulin is more convenient and has better patient compliance than subcutaneous or intravenous insulin. Current oral insulin preparations, however, cannot overcome the enzyme barrier, chemical barrier, and epithelial barrier of the gastrointestinal tract completely. In this study, a microalgae-based oral insulin delivery strategy (CV@INS@ALG) was developed using Chlorella vulgaris (CV)-based insulin delivery system cross-linking with sodium alginate (ALG). CV@INS@ALG could overcome the gastrointestinal barrier, protect insulin from harsh gastric conditions, and achieve a pH-responsive drug release in the intestine. CV@INS@ALG might contribute to two mechanisms of insulin absorption, including direct insulin release from the delivery system and endocytosis by M cells and macrophages. In the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic mouse model, CV@INS@ALG showed a more effective and long-lasting hypoglycemic effect than direct insulin injection and did not cause any damage to the intestinal tract. Additionally, the long-term oral administration of the carrier CV@ALG effectively ameliorated gut microbiota disorder, and significantly increased the abundance of probiotic Akkermansia in db/db type 2 diabetic mice, thereby enhancing the insulin sensitivity of mice. Microalgal insulin delivery systems could be degraded and metabolized in the intestinal tract after oral administration, showing good biodegradability and biosafety. This insulin delivery strategy based on microalgal biomaterials provides a natural, efficient, and multifunctional solution for oral insulin delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojie Ren
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
| | - Danni Zhong
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
| | - Yuchen Qi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
| | - Chaoyi Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
| | - Xingyu Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | | | - Sheng Yan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
- Research Center for Life Science and Human Health, Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310053, China
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Bae JH, Lim H, Lim S. The Potential Cardiometabolic Effects of Long-Chain ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Recent Updates and Controversies. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:612-628. [PMID: 37031750 PMCID: PMC10334139 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Various health-related effects of long-chain (LC) ω-3 PUFAs, EPA, and DHA have been suggested. LC ω-3 PUFAs reduce TG concentrations and have anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antiplatelet, and vascular protective effects. Controversially, they might help in restoring glucose homeostasis via the gut microbiota. However, previous studies have not shown the clear benefits of LC ω-3 PUFAs for CVDs. REDUCE-IT and STRENGTH-representative randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined whether LC ω-3 PUFAs would prevent major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events (MACE)-showed conflicting results with differences in the types, doses, or comparators of LC ω-3 PUFAs and study populations. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis using major RCTs to address this inconsistency and assess the clinical and biological effects of LC ω-3 PUFAs. We included RCTs that involved ≥500 participants with ≥1 y follow-up. Of 17 studies involving 143,410 people, LC ω-3 PUFA supplementation showed beneficial effects on CV death (RR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.88, 0.99; P = 0.029) and fatal or nonfatal MI (RR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.95; P = 0.010). RCTs on EPA alone showed better results for 3-point MACE, CV death, and fatal or nonfatal MI. However, the benefits were not found for fatal or nonfatal stroke, all-cause mortality, and hospitalization for heart failure. Of note, studies of both the EPA/DHA combination and EPA alone showed a significant increase in risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation. Thus, well-designed studies are needed to investigate the underlying mechanisms involved in the distinct effects of EPA compared with DHA on cardiometabolic diseases. This review discusses the potential benefits and safety of LC ω-3 PUFAs from a cardiometabolic perspective focusing on recent updates and controversies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyun Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjung Lim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Research Institute of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
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Egalini F, Guardamagna O, Gaggero G, Varaldo E, Giannone B, Beccuti G, Benso A, Broglio F. The Effects of Omega 3 and Omega 6 Fatty Acids on Glucose Metabolism: An Updated Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:2672. [PMID: 37375575 PMCID: PMC10301273 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Massive changes have occurred in our diet. A growing consumption of vegetal oils rich in omega-6 (ω-6) and a depletion of omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids (FAs) in our food has led to an imbalance between ω-3 and ω-6. In particular, eicosapentaenoic (EPA)/arachidonic acid (AA) ratio seems to be an indicator of this derangement, whose reduction is associated to the development of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus. Our aim was therefore to investigate the literature on the effects of ω-3 and ω-6 FAs on glucose metabolism. We discussed emerging evidence from pre-clinical studies and from clinical trials. Notably, conflicting results emerged. Source of ω-3, sample size, ethnicity, study duration and food cooking method may be responsible for the lack of univocal results. High EPA/AA ratio seems to be a promising indicator of better glycemic control and reduced inflammation. On the other hand, linoleic acid (LA) appears to be also associated to a minor incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, although it is still not clear if the outcome is related to a reduced production of AA or to its intrinsic effect. More data derived from multicenter, prospective randomized clinical trials are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Egalini
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy (G.B.)
| | - Ornella Guardamagna
- Paediatric Endocrinology, Department of Public Health and Paediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Giulia Gaggero
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy (G.B.)
| | - Emanuele Varaldo
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy (G.B.)
| | - Beatrice Giannone
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy (G.B.)
| | - Guglielmo Beccuti
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy (G.B.)
| | - Andrea Benso
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy (G.B.)
| | - Fabio Broglio
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy (G.B.)
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Zou Y, Sun Y, Chen X, Hong L, Dong G, Bai X, Wang H, Rao B, Ren Z, Yu Z. Nanosecond pulse effectively ablated hepatocellular carcinoma with alterations in the gut microbiome and serum metabolites. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1163628. [PMID: 37234705 PMCID: PMC10205996 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1163628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. Nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs) have emerged as a new treatment for cancer. This study aims to identify the effectiveness of nsPEFs in the treatment of HCC and analyze the alterations in the gut microbiome and serum metabonomics after ablation. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups: healthy control mice (n = 10), HCC mice (n = 10), and nsPEF-treated HCC mice (n = 23). Hep1-6 cell lines were used to establish the HCC model in situ. Histopathological staining was performed on tumor tissues. The gut microbiome was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Serum metabolites were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomic analysis. Spearman's correlation analysis was carried out to analyze the correlation between the gut microbiome and serum metabonomics. Results: The fluorescence image showed that nsPEFs were significantly effective. Histopathological staining identified nuclear pyknosis and cell necrosis in the nsPEF group. The expression of CD34, PCNA, and VEGF decreased significantly in the nsPEF group. Compared with normal mice, the gut microbiome diversity of HCC mice was increased. Eight genera including Alistipes and Muribaculaceae were enriched in the HCC group. Inversely, these genera decreased in the nsPEF group. LC-MS analysis confirmed that there were significant differences in serum metabolism among the three groups. Correlation analysis showed crucial relationships between the gut microbiome and serum metabolites that are involved in nsPEF ablation of HCC. Conclusion: As a new minimally invasive treatment for tumor ablation, nsPEFs have an excellent ablation effect. The alterations in the gut microbiome and serum metabolites may participate in the prognosis of HCC ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Zou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Gene Hospital of Henan Province, Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Gene Hospital of Henan Province, Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangjie Hong
- Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Dong
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiwen Bai
- Nanchang University Queen Marry School, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Haiyu Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Gene Hospital of Henan Province, Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Benchen Rao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Gene Hospital of Henan Province, Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Ren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Gene Hospital of Henan Province, Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zujiang Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Gene Hospital of Henan Province, Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Haneishi Y, Furuya Y, Hasegawa M, Takemae H, Tanioka Y, Mizutani T, Rossi M, Miyamoto J. Polyunsaturated fatty acids-rich dietary lipid prevents high fat diet-induced obesity in mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5556. [PMID: 37019935 PMCID: PMC10076282 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32851-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet is the primary factor affecting host nutrition and metabolism, with excess food intake, especially high-calorie diets, such as high-fat and high-sugar diets, causing an increased risk of obesity and related disorders. Obesity alters the gut microbial composition and reduces microbial diversity and causes changes in specific bacterial taxa. Dietary lipids can alter the gut microbial composition in obese mice. However, the regulation of gut microbiota and host energy homeostasis by different polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in dietary lipids remains unknown. Here, we demonstrated that different PUFAs in dietary lipids improved host metabolism in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice. The intake of the different PUFA-enriched dietary lipids improved metabolism in HFD-induced obesity by regulating glucose tolerance and inhibiting colonic inflammation. Moreover, the gut microbial compositions were different among HFD and modified PUFA-enriched HFD-fed mice. Thus, we have identified a new mechanism underlying the function of different PUFAs in dietary lipids in regulating host energy homeostasis in obese conditions. Our findings shed light on the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders by targeting the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Haneishi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yuma Furuya
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Mayu Hasegawa
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Takemae
- Center for Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Prevention Research: CEPiR, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yuri Tanioka
- Department of International Food and Agricultural Science, Faculty of International Food and Agricultural Studies, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizutani
- Center for Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Prevention Research: CEPiR, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Mauro Rossi
- Institute of Food Sciences, CNR, via Roma 64, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Junki Miyamoto
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
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Hao H, Li Z, Qiao SY, Qi Y, Xu XY, Si JY, Liu YH, Chang L, Shi YF, Xu B, Wei ZH, Kang LN. Empagliflozin ameliorates atherosclerosis via regulating the intestinal flora. Atherosclerosis 2023; 371:32-40. [PMID: 36990029 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) has been reported to attenuate atherosclerosis. Further, it has been suggested that intestinal flora influences atherosclerosis progression. Herein we aimed to investigate whether SGLT2i can alleviate atherosclerosis through intestinal flora. METHODS Six-week-old male ApoE-/- mice fed a high-fat diet were gavaged either empagliflozin (SGLT2i group, n = 9) or saline (Ctrl group, n = 6) for 12 weeks. Feces were collected from both groups at the end of the experiment for fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Another 12 six-week-old male ApoE-/- mice were fed a high-fat diet and received FMT with feces either from SGLT2i (FMT-SGLT2i group, n = 6) or from Ctrl (FMT-Ctrl group, n = 6) groups. Blood, tissue, and fecal samples were collected for subsequent analyses. RESULTS In comparison with Ctrl group, atherosclerosis was less severe in the SGLT2i group (p < 0.0001), and the richness of probiotic, such as f_Coriobacteriaceae, f_S24-7, f_Lachnospiraceae, and f_Adlercreutzia, was higher in feces. Besides, empagliflozin resulted in a significant reduction in the inflammatory response and altered intestinal flora metabolism. Interestingly, compared with FMT-Ctrl, FMT-SGLT2i also showed a reduction in atherosclerosis and systemic inflammatory response, as well as changes in the component of intestinal flora and pertinent metabolites similar to SGLT2i group. CONCLUSIONS Empagliflozin seems to mitigate atherosclerosis partly by regulating intestinal microbiota, and this anti-atherosclerotic effect can be transferred through intestinal flora transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, No.321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zhu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, No.321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Shi-Yang Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, No.321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, No.321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.138, Xian-Lin Avenue, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jia-Yi Si
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.138, Xian-Lin Avenue, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yi-Hai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, No.321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Lei Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi-Fan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, No.321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Biao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, No.321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Zhong-Hai Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, No.321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Li-Na Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, No.321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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Omega-3-Rich Fish-Oil-Influenced Mouse Gut Microbiome Shaped by Intermittent Consumption of Beef. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:119. [PMID: 36855004 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03223-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Beef consumption can provide various amino acids, lipids, vitamins, and minerals; however, excessive intake causes metabolic disorders and increases the probability of obesity, atherosclerosis, and colorectal cancer. The intake of omega-3 fatty acids can ameliorate metabolic disorders by lowering blood glucose and triglyceride levels. In the present study, we investigated the effect of omega-3-rich fish oil on body performance and the gut microbiome in a beef-rich diet. Four-week-old C57BL/6 mice were distributed into four groups (chow diet [Chow], chow with beef diet [Beef], chow with omega-3 diet [Cw3], and chow with beef and omega-3 diet [Bw3]). We observed that body weight was unaltered between groups, and serum triglyceride levels were reduced in the omega-3 supplemented groups. The beta diversity indices, unweighted UniFrac distance (P = 0.001), and Jaccard distance (P = 0.001) showed statistically significant differences, and the principal coordinates analysis plot showed a clear separation between groups. In addition, the taxonomic comparison revealed that beef consumption increased numerous potentially pathogenic bacteria, including Escherichia-Shigella, Mucispirillum, Helicobacter, and Desulfovibrio, which were decreased following omega-3 supplementation. Metabolic comparison based on 16S rRNA revealed that energy and glucose metabolism were higher in omega-3 supplemented groups. Our findings suggest that the omega-3 supplementation under intermittent beef consumption contributes to changes in the gut microbiome and microbial metabolic pathways.
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Xie J, Wang Z, Wang J, Feng W, Shan T, Jing S, Xiao S, Li W, Liu N, Liu Y. Intakes of omega-3 fatty acids and risks of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in people with diabetes: a cohort study based on NHANES 1999-2014. Acta Diabetol 2023; 60:353-362. [PMID: 36527499 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-022-02003-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Intake of omega-3 fatty acids is associated with several health benefits, but the specific benefits in populations with diabetes have yet to be elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the relationship between intake of omega-3 fatty acids and mortality in people with diabetes. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study and included 4854 participants with diabetes (mean age, 57.92 years; 50.9% male) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2014). Eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acid intake were used as alternative markers of omega-3 fatty acids intake and calculated based on the sum of the 24-h dietary recall interviews and dietary supplements. Mortality data were ascertained by linkage to National Death Index records by December 31, 2015. Cox proportional hazard models and restricted cubic spline were used to assess the relationship between EPA and DHA intake and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Statistical analyses were performed using R 4.2.0 software. RESULTS Compared with participants with a lower EPA + DHA intake, participants who had a higher EPA + DHA intake tended to be Non-Hispanic Black; were more likely to be obese; and had higher daily energy intake and family income. During 34,386 person-years of follow-up, 1102 deaths were documented, including 266 cardiovascular disease deaths and 152 cancer deaths. In multivariable regression analyses with adjustment of confounding factors, higher EPA + DHA intake was significantly and linearly related to lower all-cause mortality: there was a 25% reduced risk of all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS Higher omega-3 fatty acid intake was independently related to lower all-cause mortality in individuals with diabetes, suggesting an adequate intake of omega-3 fatty acids may prevent premature death among the population with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xie
- College of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenwei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Shan
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Outpatient, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shenqi Jing
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Information, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengjue Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Naifeng Liu
- College of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Management, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Metabolomics Analysis Reveals Novel Targets of Chemosensitizing Polyphenols and Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054406. [PMID: 36901842 PMCID: PMC10002396 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer with typically poorer outcomes due to its aggressive clinical behavior and lack of targeted treatment options. Currently, treatment is limited to the administration of high-dose chemotherapeutics, which results in significant toxicities and drug resistance. As such, there is a need to de-escalate chemotherapeutic doses in TNBC while also retaining/improving treatment efficacy. Dietary polyphenols and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been demonstrated to have unique properties in experimental models of TNBC, improving the efficacy of doxorubicin and reversing multi-drug resistance. However, the pleiotropic nature of these compounds has caused their mechanisms to remain elusive, preventing the development of more potent mimetics to take advantage of their properties. Using untargeted metabolomics, we identify a diverse set of metabolites/metabolic pathways that are targeted by these compounds following treatment in MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that these chemosensitizers do not all target the same metabolic processes, but rather organize into distinct clusters based on similarities among metabolic targets. Common themes in metabolic targets included amino acid metabolism (particularly one-carbon and glutamine metabolism) and alterations in fatty acid oxidation. Moreover, doxorubicin treatment alone generally targeted different metabolites/pathways than chemosensitizers. This information provides novel insights into chemosensitization mechanisms in TNBC.
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Tang L, Zhang S, Zhang M, Wang PJ, Liang GY, Gao XL. Integrated Proteomics and Metabolomics Analysis to Explore the Amelioration Mechanisms of Rosa roxburghii Tratt Fruit Polyphenols on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3079-3092. [PMID: 36745194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is the main cause of death for the elderly and children due to its high morbidity and mortality rates. Plant-derived functional foods are becoming increasingly important to the healthcare and food industries for adjunctive and alternative treatments of ALI. Polyphenols have been regarded to be beneficial to the prevention and amelioration of ALI. Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit polyphenols (RRTP) has potential to prevent ALI, but mechanism remains unclear. This study was set up to systematically analyze the RRTP extract active ingredients, comprehensively evaluate its protective effects via lung histopathological examination, protein concentration, and cytokines production in ALI mice induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and finally revealed alleviation mechanisms of the regulatory effects of RRTP by proteomics and metabolomics approach. The results demonstrated RRTP could synergistically exert significant preventive effects against ALI by notably ameliorating lung histopathological damage and pulmonary capillary permeability in ALI mice, inhibiting lung tissue inflammatory response and acute phase proteins and S-100 calcium binding proteins, suppressing excessive activation of complement and coagulation cascades, and regulating disordered lipids metabolism and amino acid metabolism. This study illustrated that RRTP has obvious advantages in ALI adjunctive therapy and revealed the complicated amelioration mechanisms, which provides a breakthrough for the development and demonstration of RRTP as a nutritional compound additive for complementary therapy of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- School of Chinese Ethnic Medicine, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Peng-Jiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Gui-You Liang
- Translational Medicine Research Center & State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiu-Li Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Wang L, Cao L, Chang Y, Fu Y, Wang Y, Zhang K, Zhang S, Zhang L. Microbiome-Metabolomics Analysis of the Impacts of Cryptosporidium muris Infection in BALB/C Mice. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0217522. [PMID: 36533947 PMCID: PMC9927150 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02175-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptosporidium is a leading cause of diarrheal disease and mortality in young children worldwide. Cryptosporidium invades small intestinal epithelial cells and forms a unique intracellular niche, a process that may alter gut microbes and their production metabolites. However, the mechanism of interactions between gut microbes, metabolites, and parasites is poorly understood. Here, we first characterized the impacts of Cryptosporidium infection on gut microbiota using a microbiome-to-metabolome association study. BALB/c mice were gavaged with Cryptosporidium muris, and fecal samples were collected at 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days postinfection (dpi) to observe changes in the intestinal microbes of the body during parasite infection. The infected group had a significantly increased relative abundance of bacterial taxa, such as Lachnospiraceae and Prevotella (P < 0.05), associated with the biosynthesis of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Metabolites related to the metabolic pathways, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids pathway were upregulated at 7 dpi, indicating that related metabolites in the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids may be essential for C. muris reproduction in vivo. The metabolites involved in metabolic pathways, bile secretion, and primary bile acid biosynthesis were upregulated at 14 dpi, and we speculate that these metabolites may be critical to the growth and development of Cryptosporidium oocysts in the host. Correlation analysis revealed that Firmicutes bacteria are significantly associated with α-linolenic acid metabolism pathways (P< 0.05). The gut microbiota changes dynamically, and the metabolites involved in fatty acid and bile acid biosynthesis may play important roles during cryptosporidiosis. Details of the gut microbiota and the metabolome after infection with Cryptosporidium may aid in the discovery of specific diagnostic markers and help us understand the changes in parasite metabolic pathways. IMPORTANCE Cryptosporidiosis is a gastrointestinal disease in humans and animals caused by the protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium. Control and treatment of the disease is challenging due to the lack of sensitive diagnostic tools and effective chemotherapy. The dynamics of gut microbiota and metabolites during Cryptosporidium infection may be the key to finding drugs and targets for parasite infection control. Our results indicate that C. muris infection can disrupt gut microbiota and metabolites, resulting in decreased bacterial abundance at the parasitic site. Unsaturated fatty acid pathway biosynthesis-related metabolites are significantly elevated at the patent period. Interestingly, the metabolite pathway that significantly elevated during peak parasite growth was bile acid, the metabolites of which may be important for the circulation of infection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in the host. The enhancing effects of short-chain fatty acid and bile acid metabolism on the growth and development of Cryptosporidium proposed in this study may provide a theoretical basis for future research on novel drugs and vaccines against this intestinal parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products (Zhengzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Letian Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products (Zhengzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yankai Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products (Zhengzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yin Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products (Zhengzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuexin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products (Zhengzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kaihui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products (Zhengzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sumei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products (Zhengzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Longxian Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases of Henan, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products (Zhengzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhengzhou, China
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Wang Y, Geng R, Zhao Y, Fang J, Li M, Kang SG, Huang K, Tong T. The gut odorant receptor and taste receptor make sense of dietary components: A focus on gut hormone secretion. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:6975-6989. [PMID: 36785901 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2177610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Odorant receptors (ORs) and taste receptors (TRs) are expressed primarily in the nose and tongue in which they transduce electrical signals to the brain. Advances in deciphering the dietary component-sensing mechanisms in the nose and tongue prompted research on the role of gut chemosensory cells. Acting as the pivotal interface between the body and dietary cues, gut cells "smell" and "taste" dietary components and metabolites by taking advantage of chemoreceptors-ORs and TRs, to maintain physiological homeostasis. Here, we reviewed this novel field, highlighting the latest discoveries pertinent to gut ORs and TRs responding to dietary components, their impacts on gut hormone secretion, and the mechanisms involved. Recent studies indicate that gut cells sense dietary components including fatty acid, carbohydrate, and phytochemical by activating relevant ORs, thereby modulating GLP-1, PYY, CCK, and 5-HT secretion. Similarly, gut sweet, umami, and bitter receptors can regulate the gut hormone secretion and maintain homeostasis in response to dietary components. A deeper understanding of the favorable influence of dietary components on gut hormone secretion via gut ORs and TRs, coupled with the facts that gut hormones are involved in diverse physiological or pathophysiological phenomena, may ultimately lead to a promising treatment for various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ruixuan Geng
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yuhan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jingjing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Mengjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Seong-Gook Kang
- Department of Food Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muangun, Korea
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, PR China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, PR China
| | - Tao Tong
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, PR China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, PR China
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Zhang XL, Chen L, Yang J, Zhao SS, Jin S, Ao N, Yang J, Liu HX, Du J. Vitamin D alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via restoring gut microbiota and metabolism. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1117644. [PMID: 36819064 PMCID: PMC9932697 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1117644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a severe public health problem. Dysbiosis of gut microbiome has been identified as one of the key environmental factors contributing to NAFLD. As an essential nutrition, Vitamin D (VD) plays an important role in regulating gut microbiota based on its receptor (Vitamin D Receptor, VDR) which is highly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract. Methods Rats were fed with HFD (high-fat diet) for 12 weeks. And the rats were treated with VD two times a week by intraperitoneal injection for 12 weeks. H&E staining combined with plasma biochemical index was performed to characterize pathological changes and function of the liver. Fecal microbiota 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomics were taken to reveal the altered gut microbiota and metabolites. Result The VD alleviates the HFD-induced lipid accumulation in the liver as well as decreases the levels of amlodipine besylate (ALT) and amlodipine aspartate (AST). VD supplement decreased the ratio of phylum Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) but increased alpha diversity. In addition, the VD treatment improved the HFD-induced gut microbiota by increasing the Prevotella and Porphyromonadaceae and decreasing Mucispirillum, Acetatifactor, Desulfovibrio, and Oscillospira abundance. Furthermore, the capability of tyrosine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, and sphingolipid metabolism was enhanced after VD treatment. Consistently, Prevotella positively correlated with tryptophan metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism. Importantly, the Prevotella abundance was positively associated with serotonin, melatonin, tryptamine, L-arginine, and 3-dehydrosphinganine which synthesize from tryptophan, tyrosine, arginosuccinate, and serine, respectively. Conclusion VD treatment inhibited HFD-induced NAFLD accompany by dysbiosis gut microbiota and metabolites, suggesting that VD supplement could be a potential intervention used for NAFLD treatment by targeting the specific microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China,Institute of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiang Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhao
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China,Institute of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shi Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Na Ao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China,Institute of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hui-Xin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China,Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China,Institute of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China,*Correspondence: Hui-Xin Liu,
| | - Jian Du
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China,Jian Du,
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Monteiro JP, Ferreira HB, Melo T, Flanagan C, Urbani N, Neves J, Domingues P, Domingues MR. The plasma phospholipidome of the bottlenose dolphin ( Tursiops truncatus) is modulated by both sex and developmental stage. Mol Omics 2023; 19:35-47. [PMID: 36314173 DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00202g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lipidomics represent a valid complementary tool to the biochemical analysis of plasma in humans. However, in cetaceans, these tools have been unexplored. Here, we evaluated how the plasma lipid composition of Tursiops truncatus is modulated by developmental stage and sex, aiming at a potential use of lipidomics in integrated strategies to monitor cetacean health. We characterized the fatty acid profile and detected a total of 26 fatty acids in T. truncatus plasma. The most abundant fatty acids were palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0) and oleic acid (C18:1n-9). Interestingly, there are consistent differences between the fatty acid profile of mature female and mature male specimens. Phospholipidome analysis identified 320 different lipid species belonging to phosphatidylcholine (PC, 105 lipid species), lysophosphatidylcholine (42), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE, 67), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (18), phosphatidylglycerol (14), lysophosphatidylglycerol (8), phosphatidylinositol (14), lysophosphatidylinositol (2), phosphatidylserine (3), sphingomyelin (45) and ceramides (2) classes. The statistical analysis of the phospholipidome showed that its composition allows discriminating mature animals between sexes and mature males from immature males. Notably, discrimination between sexes is mainly determined by the contents of PE plasmalogens and lysophospholipids (LPC and LPE), while the differences between mature and immature male animals were mainly determined by the levels of PC lipids. This is the first time that a correlation between developmental stage and sex and the lipid composition of the plasma has been established in cetaceans. Being able to discern between age and sex-related changes is an encouraging step towards using these tools to also detect differences related to disease/dysfunction processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- João P Monteiro
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal. .,CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Helena B Ferreira
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal. .,CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tânia Melo
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal. .,CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | | | | | - Pedro Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal. .,CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Rosário Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal. .,CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Zhang J, Yu H, Wang Q, Cai H, Shen F, Ruan S, Wu Y, Liu T, Feng F, Zhao M. Dietary additive octyl and decyl glycerate modulates metabolism and inflammation under different dietary patterns with the contribution of the gut microbiota. Food Funct 2023; 14:525-540. [PMID: 36520115 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03059d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Octyl and decyl glycerate (ODG), a medium-chain triglyceride (MCT), is widely used as a food additive. Medium-chain monoglycerides, such as glycerol monolaurate and glycerol monocaprylate, were found to change the composition of the gut microbiota and influence glucose and lipid metabolism and inflammation. However, whether ODG influences the gut microbiota and whether the alteration in the gut microbiota contributes to the metabolic phenotype remain unknown. Under a normal-chow diet, mice were treated with or without different dosages of ODG (150, 800, 1600 mg kg-1) for 22 weeks. All doses of ODG significantly decreased the ratio of HDL to LDL cholesterol, improved the inflammation and insulin resistance, and increased the α-diversity of the gut microbiota and the abundance of Bifidobacterium and Turicibacter. Under a high-fat diet, mice were treated with or without 1600 mg kg-1 ODG for 16 weeks. The results demonstrated that ODG significantly alleviated the increase in the ratio of HDL to LDL cholesterol, insulin resistance, and inflammation caused by HFD. The expression of related genes was consistent with the above observations. ODG also altered the composition of the gut microbiota and increased the Bifidobacterium abundance under HFD. Our findings indicated that ODG similarly improved glucose metabolism and inflammation but exhibited differential effects on lipid metabolism under different dietary patterns. Furthermore, changes in the gut microbiota caused by ODG supplementation might contribute to the alteration in glucose and lipid metabolism and inflammation, which might be influenced by dietary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Huilin Yu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Haiying Cai
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,School of Biological & Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science &Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Fei Shen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shengyue Ruan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yue Wu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Minjie Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Zhou YD, Liang FX, Tian HR, Luo D, Wang YY, Yang SR. Mechanisms of gut microbiota-immune-host interaction on glucose regulation in type 2 diabetes. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1121695. [PMID: 36891383 PMCID: PMC9986296 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1121695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal absorption of food is one of the sources of glucose. Insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance caused by lifestyle and diet are the precursors of type 2 diabetes. Patients with type 2 diabetes have trouble controlling their blood sugar levels. For long-term health, strict glycemic management is necessary. Although it is thought to be well correlated with metabolic diseases like obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes, its molecular mechanism is still not completely understood. Disturbed microbiota triggers the gut immune response to reshape the gut homeostasis. This interaction not only maintains the dynamic changes of intestinal flora, but also preserves the integrity of the intestinal barrier. Meanwhile, the microbiota establishes a systemic multiorgan dialog on the gut-brain and gut-liver axes, intestinal absorption of a high-fat diet affects the host's feeding preference and systemic metabolism. Intervention in the gut microbiota can combat the decreased glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity linked to metabolic diseases both centrally and peripherally. Moreover, the pharmacokinetics of oral hypoglycemic medications are also influenced by gut microbiota. The accumulation of drugs in the gut microbiota not only affects the drug efficacy, but also changes the composition and function of them, thus may help to explain individual therapeutic variances in pharmacological efficacy. Regulating gut microbiota through healthy dietary patterns or supplementing pro/prebiotics can provide guidance for lifestyle interventions in people with poor glycemic control. Traditional Chinese medicine can also be used as complementary medicine to effectively regulate intestinal homeostasis. Intestinal microbiota is becoming a new target against metabolic diseases, so more evidence is needed to elucidate the intricate microbiota-immune-host relationship, and explore the therapeutic potential of targeting intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Dian Zhou
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hebei, China
| | - Feng-Xia Liang
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hebei, China
| | - Hao-Ran Tian
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hebei, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Respiratory Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hebei, China
| | - Ya-Yuan Wang
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hebei, China
| | - Shu-Rui Yang
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hebei, China
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50
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Zou HY, Zhang HJ, Zhao YC, Li XY, Wang YM, Zhang TT, Xue CH. N-3 PUFA Deficiency Aggravates Streptozotocin-Induced Pancreatic Injury in Mice but Dietary Supplementation with DHA/EPA Protects the Pancreas via Suppressing Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21010039. [PMID: 36662212 PMCID: PMC9861647 DOI: 10.3390/md21010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) exert therapeutic potential for the preservation of functional β-cell mass. However, the effect of dietary n-3 PUFA deficiency on pancreatic injury and whether the supplementation of n-3 PUFA could prevent the development of pancreatic injury are still not clear. In the present study, an n-3 PUFA deficiency mouse model was established by feeding them with n-3 PUFA deficiency diets for 30 days. Results showed that n-3 PUFA deficiency aggravated streptozotocin (STZ)-induced pancreas injury by reducing the insulin level by 18.21% and the HOMA β-cell indices by 31.13% and the area of islet by 52.58% compared with the STZ group. Moreover, pre-intervention with DHA and EPA for 15 days could alleviate STZ-induced pancreas damage by increasing the insulin level by 55.26% and 44.33%, the HOMA β-cell indices by 118.81% and 157.26% and reversed the area of islet by 196.75% and 205.57% compared to the n-3 Def group, and the effects were significant compared to γ-linolenic acid (GLA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) treatment. The possible underlying mechanisms indicated that EPA and DHA significantly reduced the ration of n-6 PUFA to n-3 PUFA and then inhibited oxidative stress, inflammation and islet β-cell apoptosis levels in pancreas tissue. The results might provide insights into the prevention and alleviation of pancreas injury by dietary intervention with PUFAs and provide a theoretical basis for their application in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yu Zou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Hui-Juan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Ying-Cai Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Xiao-Yue Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Yu-Ming Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Tian-Tian Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
- Correspondence: (T.-T.Z.); (C.-H.X.)
| | - Chang-Hu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, No.1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
- Correspondence: (T.-T.Z.); (C.-H.X.)
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