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Bersia M, Charrier L, Zanaga G, Gaspar T, Moreno-Maldonado C, Grimaldi P, Koumantakis E, Dalmasso P, Comoretto RI. Well-being among university students in the post-COVID-19 era: a cross-country survey. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18296. [PMID: 39112645 PMCID: PMC11306340 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69141-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
University students have to handle crucial challenges for their future lives, such as succeeding in academic studies and finding attachment figures. These processes could potentially involve their well-being and mental health, with possible sociocultural differences based on the country of study. In order to explore such potential differences, a cross-sectional, multi-center survey was performed involving students from the University of Torino (Italy), Sevilla (Spain), and Lusòfona (Portugal). The survey, conducted from May to November 2023, investigated students' demographic and educational details, socioeconomic status, social support, mental health, academic environment, perceived COVID-19 pandemic impact, and future plans. Demographic profiles showed a predominance of female participants and straight sexual orientation, followed by bisexuality. Italian students showed the lowest levels of mental well-being and the highest rates of mental problems (anxiety and depression) and suicidal risk across the three countries despite the relatively similar profiles of social support. The prevalence of the students' confidence in their professional future is higher in Spain than in Italy and Portugal. This study provides a comprehensive examination of university students' mental health and well-being in three Southern European countries, addressing the major mental health challenges among university students and offering valuable insights for public health purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bersia
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - L Charrier
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - G Zanaga
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Post Graduate School of Medical Statistics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - T Gaspar
- HEI-LAB, Digital Human-Environment Interaction Labs, Lusófona University, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C Moreno-Maldonado
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Sevilla, C/Camilo José Cela, s/n., 41018, Seville, Spain
| | - P Grimaldi
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Post Graduate School of Medical Statistics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - E Koumantakis
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy.
- Post Graduate School of Medical Statistics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - P Dalmasso
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - R I Comoretto
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
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Virk P, Doan Q, Karim ME. Chronic physical conditions and suicidal ideation: a population-level analysis of Canadian school-attending young adults. J Ment Health 2024; 33:304-311. [PMID: 37724374 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2023.2245904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Students who identify with a chronic physical condition are a growing population and their conditions may be associated with poor mental well-being. AIM To compare suicidal ideation prevalence between Canadian school-attending young adults with and without a chronic physical condition. We hypothesized that students living with a chronic condition have a higher likelihood of experiencing suicidal ideation. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using a nationally representative sample of 2297 Canadian school-attending young adults (ages 15-29 years) from the 2012-13 Canadian Community Health Survey-Mental Health (CCHS-MH). Survey-weighted logistic regression and sensitivity analyses were performed to estimate the likelihood of experiencing suicidal ideation between students with and without a chronic physical condition. RESULTS Approximately 14.3% (n = 329) students experienced suicidal ideation at some point. Students living with a physical chronic condition demonstrated 1.65 (95% CI: 1.14, 2.39) times higher odds of experiencing suicidal ideation, compared to students not living with a chronic physical condition. CONCLUSIONS Suicide prevention and health promotion are important considerations for campus health providers and administrators when planning services and accommodations for students living with chronic physical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punit Virk
- School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Quynh Doan
- School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mohammad Ehsanul Karim
- School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Zhao B, Kong F, Nam EW. Exploring COVID-19 Phobia among International Chinese College Students in South Korea Before Ending COVID-19 Restrictions. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:222. [PMID: 38654292 PMCID: PMC11036663 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01718-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND College students, considered to be the driving force of society, are highly vulnerable to COVID-19. At a time when facing a new pandemic wave in 2022, China's policy was in contrast with that of Korea. We investigated the phobia levels of international Chinese college students studying in Korea. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the frequency of use and trust of information sources, and COVID-19 phobia (C19P) among Chinese college students studying in Korea before ending related restrictions. METHODS This study employed a cross-sectional design, conducting an online survey among Chinese college students studying in Korea from April 8-15, 2022 (before Korea ended the limitations due to COVID-19). Data about 319 respondents were analyzed, including socio-demographics, information variables, knowledge, attitudes, practices (KAP), and C19P. Hierarchical regression analysis with different models was used to examine the relationship between information trust, KAP, and C19P. RESULTS Results showed that students performed well in knowledge and preventive practices, had diverse sources of getting information related to COVID-19, and highly depended on the internet and news. Students who perceived a higher severity of infection showed higher levels of COVID-19 phobia. The tendency to wear masks with family/friends, avoid crowded places, and not agree with Korean government mitigation policies reported higher levels of COVID-19 phobia. CONCLUSIONS More authority and proactive communication strategies, such as consultations or education programs, are needed for international students to alleviate their phobias and psychological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhao
- Department of Health Administration, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, 26493, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Korea
- Yonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, 26493, Wonju-si, Korea
| | - Fanlei Kong
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China.
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China.
| | - Eun Woo Nam
- Department of Health Administration, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, 26493, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Korea.
- Yonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, 26493, Wonju-si, Korea.
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Husky MM, Léon C, du Roscoät E, Vasiliadis HM. Prevalence of suicidal thoughts and behaviors among young adults between 2000 and 2021: Results from six national representative surveys in France. Psychiatry Res 2024; 333:115763. [PMID: 38325160 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The study examines the prevalence of 12-month suicidal thoughts and lifetime suicide behaviors among young adults between 2000 and 2021. Data were drawn from the Health Barometer survey, a cross-sectional survey on a French national representative sample. The 2000, 2005, 2010, 2014, 2017, and 2021 survey waves were pooled to examine time trends in 12-month suicidal thoughts and lifetime suicidal behaviors among respondents aged 18 to 25 (n = 13,326), categorized based on sex and on their occupational status: students, those employed, and those who are neither in employment, education or training (NEETs). The 12-month prevalence of suicidal ideation among young adults in 2021 (6.8 %) is no different from that of 2000 (7.0 %), despite a U-shape curve in between. In contrast, the overall prevalence of lifetime suicide attempts was significantly higher in 2021 as compared to what was observed on average in the previous 21 years. In multivariate models, females and NEETs were overall at greatest risk for suicidal ideation and suicidal behaviors. Additional attention and prevention efforts are needed to reach young adults who are neither in employment, education or training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde M Husky
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, ACTIVE Team, INSERM U1219, Université de Bordeaux, 3 ter, place de la Victoire, Bordeaux 33076, France.
| | | | - Enguerrand du Roscoät
- Santé publique France, Saint-Maurice, France; Laboratoire Parisien de Psychologie Sociale (LAPPS), EA 4386, Université Paris Nanterre, France
| | - Helen-Maria Vasiliadis
- Département des sciences de la santé communautaire, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne, Campus Longueuil, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada
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Habe K, Dobrota S, Reić Ercegovac I. Functions of music, focused on the context of music listening, and psychological well-being in late adolescence regarding gender differences. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1275818. [PMID: 38179494 PMCID: PMC10764590 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1275818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Late adolescences, as a developmentally challenging transitional period between childhood and adulthood, provides a number of pressures that impact well-being of youth. Among approaches for facilitating well-being, music is reported to be one of the most effective ones, which was especially proven during Covid-19 pandemic. Given the significance of music and music listening in late adolescence, our study sought to examine the relationship between psychological well-being and music listening among university students (N = 603; Nfemale = 356, Nmale = 247) with a focus on the social, intrapersonal, and sociocultural context of music listening. The RESPECT music scale, the SPWB, and the PANAS were used to measure positive and negative affect as well as the six components of psychological well-being. The findings revealed that, while there were no gender differences in the sociocultural setting, females reported to listen to music more frequently than males in intrapersonal and social contexts. In two areas, female students rated their psychological well-being higher than male students: personal growth and positive relationships with others. They also reported experiencing positive and negative affect more frequently than men. Regression analyses revealed that the functions of music explained only a small amount of the variance in psychological well-being. Specifically, music listening in a social and sociocultural context significantly explained two aspects of psychological well-being: personal growth and positive relations with others. The intrapersonal context of music listening predicted a positive affect, while the social context predicted a negative affect. Our study highlights several implications of music listening in youth regarding gender either in everyday activities or in educational and clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Habe
- Academy of Music, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Snježana Dobrota
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Ina Reić Ercegovac
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Split, Split, Croatia
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Husky MM, Léon C, du Roscoät E, Vasiliadis HM. Prevalence of past-year major depressive episode among young adults between 2005 and 2021: Results from four national representative surveys in France. J Affect Disord 2023; 342:192-200. [PMID: 37730150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objectives are to examine time trends in the prevalence of past year major depressive episode (MDE) among young adults, and to identify differences by occupational status comparing students, those employed, and those who are not in employment, education or training (NEET). METHODS Data were drawn from the Health Barometer survey, a cross-sectional computer-assisted telephone interview survey on a national representative sample of residents of metropolitan France and conducted approximately every 5 years. The surveys relied on the Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Short Form to determine the presence of DSM-IV past-year major depressive episode. Data from the 2005, 2010, 2017, and 2021 surveys were pooled and respondents aged 18 to 25 were selected (n = 7556) and categorized based on their occupational status: students, those employed, and NEET. RESULTS Overall, significant differences in the prevalence of MDE was observed by occupational status: NEET had the highest rate (18.5 %) followed by students (14.3 %) and those employed (11.0 %). The prevalence of MDE among young adults was 10.1 % in 2005, 9.7 % in 2010 and 11.3 % in 2017, reflecting a stable prevalence between 2005 and 2017. The prevalence then nearly doubled in 2021, with 20.9 % of MDE, with a significant increase of 9.6 points between 2017 and 2021. LIMITATIONS No assessment of lifetime psychopathology. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of major depression among young adults significantly increased between 2005 and 2021, those at greatest risk are females and those not in employment, education or training. The contribution of pandemic-related factors may be elucidated in future national health surveys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde M Husky
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, ACTIVE Team, INSERM U1219, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
| | | | - Enguerrand du Roscoät
- Santé publique France, Saint-Maurice, France; Laboratoire Parisien de Psychologie Sociale (LAPPS), EA 4386, Université Paris Nanterre, France
| | - Helen-Maria Vasiliadis
- Département des sciences de la santé communautaire, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada; Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne, Campus de Longueuil Université de Sherbrooke, Canada
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Cebrino J, Portero de la Cruz S. Psychological impact of COVID-19 and determinants among Spanish university students. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1252849. [PMID: 37920580 PMCID: PMC10619672 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1252849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background University students are a vulnerable population and faced a significant psychological impact from the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the level of fear of COVID-19 among university students and to evaluate the possible relationship between fear of COVID-19 and socio-demographic, health-related determinants, variables related to the COVID-19 and variables related to the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study between December 2020 and December 2021 on a sample of 950 university students from two universities in southern Spain. Participants completed a form that collected socio-demographic, health-related and COVID-related variables, a validated questionnaire related to the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the fear of COVID Scale (FCV-19S). Descriptive, inferential, and multivariable linear regression analyzes were conducted. Results The mean FCV-19S score was 14.86 ± 5.16 points. The factors identified as predictors of FCV-19S were being female (p < 0.001), holding religious beliefs (p = 0.04), living in towns with over 10,000 inhabitants (p < 0.01), living with someone vulnerable to COVID-19 (p = 0.02), watching TV to keep informed about COVID-19 (p < 0.01), believing in a low probability of surviving if infected with COVID-19 (p < 0.001), having a higher level of death anxiety (p < 0.001) and suffering from insomnia (p < 0.001). Conclusion An average fear of COVID-19 score of 14.86 ± 5.16 points has been found among university students in Spain. These findings can aid in identifying specific factors contributing to fear of COVID-19 and in developing coping strategies to alleviate the stress of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Cebrino
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Silvia Portero de la Cruz
- Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Research Group GE10 Clinical and Epidemiological Research in Primary Care, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
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Burger K, Strassmann Rocha D. Mental health, gender, and higher education attainment. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ERZIEHUNGSWISSENSCHAFT : ZFE 2023; 27:89-122. [PMID: 38496784 PMCID: PMC10942912 DOI: 10.1007/s11618-023-01187-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
We compared the mental health of higher education students with that of nonstudents. Moreover, we examined whether the mental health of students predicts their probability of obtaining a higher education degree, and whether the extent to which mental health affects educational attainment varies by gender. Drawing on a risk and resilience framework, we considered five facets of mental health that may be implicated in distinct ways in the educational attainment process: positive attitude towards life, self-esteem, self-efficacy, negative affectivity, and perceived stress. We used data from a nationally representative panel study from Switzerland (Nstudents = 2070, 42.8% male; Nnonstudents = 3755, 45.9% male). The findings suggest that overall, the mental health of higher education students was relatively similar to that of nonstudents, although students exhibited slightly higher self-esteem, slightly weaker self-efficacy, greater negative affectivity, and higher levels of perceived stress. The effects of different facets of mental health on higher education degree attainment were mostly statistically and/or practically insignificant. However, positive attitudes towards life had a substantial positive effect on the probability of being awarded a higher education degree. Mental health was equally important for male and female students' educational attainment. Supplementary Information The online version of this article (10.1007/s11618-023-01187-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaspar Burger
- Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development & Department of Sociology, University of Zurich, Andreasstrasse 15, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Childhood and Youth Research, Department of Social Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Social Research Institute, Institute of Education, University College London, WC1H 0AL London, United Kingdom
| | - Diego Strassmann Rocha
- Department of Sociology, University of Zurich, Andreasstrasse 15, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
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Alaqeel M, Alkhudairy FA, Basuliman AS, Alsubaie AM, Alqahtani FN, Almkainzi HA. The Barriers to Seeking Mental Health Services at King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences. Cureus 2023; 15:e45321. [PMID: 37849612 PMCID: PMC10577391 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mental health of college students, especially medical students, is a major issue worldwide. Depression and anxiety are among the top causes of death among people aged 15-29 years old. Mental health disorders, especially mood disorders such as depression and anxiety, are common among university students. Psychological problems can negatively impact academic performance and life satisfaction. The earlier mental illness is detected, the better the treatment and outcome. The aim of this study is to determine the barriers among students to seeking mental health services. METHODS This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was carried out at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia The cross-sectional questionnaire-based study involved 434 students: 72.1% men and 27.9% women. This study had a response rate of 28.5% and responses were gathered in May 2023. RESULTS The top three barriers identified in this study were "Feeling that my problems are not important," "Concern that no one will understand my problems," and "Difficulty with access to care." The majority of students reported feeling "I feel reluctance a little" to use mental health services; 31.4% chose "I need it a little" when asked whether they needed to use mental health services. Furthermore, 34.8% of students reported having mild anxiety, and 34.1% reported having mild depression. CONCLUSION Mental illness is a serious issue, which is why medical students should be aware of it to improve their quality of life and reduce the stress and obstacles they face. Medical schools should address awareness of mental illness and how to approach a clinic. This is important for students to succeed and overcome the psychological difficulties that might affect academic performance. In addition, recognizing the barriers will help achieve better outcomes in seeking help and utilizing existing services.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Abdullah M Alsubaie
- Internal Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Faisal N Alqahtani
- Internal Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Hanan A Almkainzi
- Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
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Nurius PS, Sefidgar YS, Kuehn KS, Jung J, Zhang H, Figueira O, Riskin EA, Dey AK, Mankoff JC. Distress among undergraduates: Marginality, stressors and resilience resources. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:1445-1453. [PMID: 34232850 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1935969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study addresses mental health concerns among university students, examining cumulative stress exposure as well as resilience resources. Participants: Participants were 253 first- and second-year undergraduate students (age = 18.76; 49.80% male, 69% students of color) enrolled at a large western US university. Methods: Data were obtained from a cross-sectional online survey examining marginalized statuses and multiple stressors alongside coping responses, adaptive self-concept, and social support as predictors of stress, anxiety, and depression. Results: Multivariate regressions demonstrated significant associations between stress exposures and lower levels of resilience resources with each mental health indicator (with substantial R2 of.49-.60). Although stressor exposures accounted for significant increases in mental health concerns, their exploratory power was attenuated by resilience resources (e.g., beta decreases from.25 to.16). Conclusions: Better understanding cumulative adversity/resilience resource profiles, particularly among marginalized students, can help universities in prioritizing institutional support responses toward prevention and mitigating psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula S Nurius
- School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Yasaman S Sefidgar
- Paul Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kevin S Kuehn
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jake Jung
- Paul Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Han Zhang
- Paul Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Olivia Figueira
- Grainger College of Engineering Computer Science, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, California, USA
| | - Eve A Riskin
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WashingtonUSA
| | - Anind K Dey
- Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jennifer C Mankoff
- Paul Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Psychotraumatisme chez les étudiants : prévention et interventions à l’université. ANNALES MÉDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES, REVUE PSYCHIATRIQUE 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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12
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The effect of childhood adversities on the persistence of suicidal ideation and plans among college students: A longitudinal study. J Affect Disord 2023; 323:354-360. [PMID: 36470554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to childhood adversities (CAs) is known to be associated with the onset of suicidal ideation and plans. However, little is known regarding the contribution of CAs to their persistence. AIMS The study aims to examine the type, number and frequency of CA exposure on the persistence of suicidal ideation and plans at one-year. METHOD Data were drawn from the French portion of the World Mental Health International College Student survey. At baseline (n = 2661, response rate = 7,58 %), exposure to 12 types of CAs prior to age 18, lifetime mental disorders, lifetime and 12-month suicidal ideation and plans were assessed. At one-year follow-up (n = 1221), 12-month mental disorders, suicidal ideation and plans were assessed. Among those with a prior history of suicidal ideation, logistic regressions were performed to examine the role of CAs on the persistence of ideation and plans at one-year. RESULTS At baseline, frequency and number of CAs were associated with 12-month suicidal ideation and plans. Among lifetime ideators, 49.6 % reported 12-month suicidal ideation at follow-up. Physical abuse was associated with an increased risk of suicidal ideation and plan persistence at one year in univariate analyses. However, CAs were not associated with the persistence of suicidal ideation and plans at one-year in multivariate analyses. LIMITATIONS Retrospective report of CA exposure, and low baseline response rate. CONCLUSIONS Using a fine-grained operationalization of CA exposure, CAs were not involved in the persistence of suicidal ideation or plans, their deleterious effect more likely to occur early in the course of psychopathology.
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Revranche M, Biscond M, Navarro-Mateu F, Kovess-Masfety V, Husky MM. The contribution of childhood adversities to the persistence of severe role impairment among college students: a follow-up study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2023:10.1007/s00127-023-02434-y. [PMID: 36786834 PMCID: PMC9925933 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02434-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE While the association between childhood adversities (CAs) and negative mental health outcomes is robustly supported throughout the epidemiological literature, little is known about their contribution to the persistence of role impairment. The present study aims to investigate the association of three facets of CAs with the persistence of severe role impairment among college students using a follow-up design. METHODS Data were drawn from the French portion of the World Mental Health International College Student Initiative. Students who completed both the baseline and 1-year follow-up surveys were included (n = 1,188). Exposure to 12 types of CAs before the age of 18 was assessed at baseline, and 12-month role impairment and 12-month mental disorders were assessed at baseline and follow-up. Logistic regressions estimated associations by jointly using types, number of types, and cumulative frequency of exposure to CAs as predictors. RESULTS At baseline, 27.6% of students reported any severe role impairment. Among them, 47.5% reported the persistence of any impairment at one year. In models adjusted for 12-month mental disorders, only the frequency of CAs was associated with the persistence of impairment, namely college-related and other work impairment (aOR = 1.17, 95% CI [1.01, 1.35]). CONCLUSION Role impairment is prevalent among college students, and studies are needed to better understand its persistence. Beyond the primary prevention of early stressors, screening for and treating mental health problems during college may help reduce the impact of CAs on the persistence of role impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Revranche
- Laboratoire de Psychologie EA4139, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Margot Biscond
- Laboratoire de Psychologie EA4139, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Fernando Navarro-Mateu
- Departamento de Psicología Básica y Metodología, Unidad de Docencia, Investigación y Formación en Salud Mental (UDIF-SM), Servicio Murciano de Salud, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Mathilde M Husky
- Laboratoire de Psychologie EA4139, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
- Active Team, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Inserm, U1219, Bordeaux, France.
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14
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Gong XG, Wang LP, Rong G, Zhang DN, Zhang AY, Liu C. Effects of online mindfulness-based interventions on the mental health of university students: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1073647. [PMID: 36844353 PMCID: PMC9944037 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1073647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Mental health problems among university students are a cause of widespread concern. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) delivered online have considerable potential to help university students manage mental health challenges. However, there is no consensus regarding the efficacy of online MBIs. This meta-analysis aims to determine whether MBIs are feasible and effective for improving university students' mental health. Methods Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and the US National Library of Medicine (Clinical Trial Registry) published through August 31, 2022, were searched. Two reviewers selected the trials, conducted a critical appraisal, and extracted the data. Nine RCTs met our inclusion criteria. Results This analysis showed that online MBIs were effective in improving depression (standardised mean difference [SMD] = -0.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.48 to -0.07; P = 0.008), anxiety (SMD = -0.47; 95% CI, -080 to -0.14; P = 0.006), stress (SMD = -0.58; 95% CI, -0.79 to -0.37; P < 0.00001), and mindfulness (SMD = 0.71; 95% CI, 0.17 to 1.25; p = 0.009) in university students. No significant effect was found on wellbeing (SMD = 0.30; 95% CI, -0.00 to 0.60; P = 0.05). Conclusion The findings indicated that online MBIs could effectively improve the mental health of university students. Nevertheless, additional rigorously designed RCTs are required. Systematic review registration https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022-9-0099/, identifier INPLASY202290099.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Gang Gong
- Department of Medicine, College of Special Education, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
| | - Le-Peng Wang
- School of Humanities, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Rong
- Department of Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dao-Ning Zhang
- Department of Diagnostics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - A-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Primary Education, Teachers College, Beijing Union University, Beijing, China,College of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: A-Yuan Zhang,
| | - Chao Liu
- School of Journalism and Communication, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China,Business Analytics Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan,Chao Liu,
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15
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Family Background Issues as Predictors of Mental Health Problems for University Students. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11030316. [PMID: 36766890 PMCID: PMC9914352 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11030316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mental health problems are common among university students. Specific type of family background is one of the important factors contributing to these problems. This study aimed to evaluate the proportion of severe mental health problems and the associations between severity and types of problems and family backgrounds. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. We reviewed the database and medical records of 125 university students aged over 18 years who attended the mental health consultation clinic for university students, 123 Primary Care Unit, Khon Kaen University, between 1 January and 31 December 2018. The characteristics of the participants were summarized using descriptive statistics. We performed an analysis using logistic regression to obtain the crude and adjusted odds ratio. The proportion of severe mental health problems was 50.4%. The most common problem was learning problems (54.4%). The severity of the problems reported by the students was associated with communication failure in the family (AOR = 3.30 [95% CI: 1.14-9.52], p = 0.027). All students who experienced domestic violence in their family had severe mental health problems. This study re-appraised the utility of the context of the family as a predictor of current problems of university students.
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16
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Li X, Pu R, Liao H. The impacts of innovation capability and social adaptability on undergraduates’ employability: The role of self-efficacy. Front Psychol 2022; 13:954828. [DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.954828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: As the world is consistently driven by the infusion of new-generation information technology and the knowledge economy, college students are placed under mounting pressure in developing occupation-related competencies. Their employability has been receiving growing concerns from stakeholders such as higher education institutions, governments, employers, parents, and even student groups themselves as it plays a decisive role in occupational success, social stability, and economic prosperity. Under the theoretical guidance of social cognitive theory, this study set out to investigate the cognitive and psychological mechanisms through which innovation capability, social adaptability, and self-efficacy influence the employability of college students. It also attempts to analyze the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relations between innovation capability, social adaptability, and employability which has been rarely studied in academia.Methods: A quantitative approach was employed in this study. Data was collected from 726 undergraduates from 9 higher education institutions in the mainland of China by questionnaire survey method. The research model showed a good fit (χ2/df=4.46, RMSEA=0.069, SRMR=0.049, GFI=0.934, CFI=0.965, NFI=0.955, TLI=0.955). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to this study for data analysis.Results: The findings showed that innovation capability, social adaptability, and self-efficacy significantly and positively correlates with undergraduates’ employability. University students with stronger innovation capability, social adaptability, and self-efficacy tend to be more employable in the job market. Model 4 of SPSS PROCESS Macro revealed that self-efficacy played a mediating role in the correlation between innovation capability, social adaptability, and employability.Discussion: Undergraduates with higher levels of innovation capability and social adaptability are more confident in their abilities to take specific actions and achieve expected goals, which in turn intensifies their employability. The study suggests the possibility of improving undergraduates’ employability through positive interference of innovation capability, social adaptability, and self-efficacy in the era of information technology and knowledge-based economy.
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17
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Contribution of perceived loneliness to suicidal thoughts among French university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16833. [PMID: 36207381 PMCID: PMC9540057 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21288-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Restrictive measures during the COVID-19 epidemic have led to increased levels of loneliness, especially among university students, although the influence on suicidal thoughts remains unclear. In this cross-sectional study of 1913 French university students, those with the highest level of loneliness had a fourfold increased risk of suicidal thoughts. Perceived loneliness should be incorporated into suicide risk assessment, and assistance in coping with loneliness should be considered as a means of reducing suicidal risk in vulnerable groups, like university students.
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18
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Theurel A, Witt A, Shankland R. Promoting University Students' Mental Health through an Online Multicomponent Intervention during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191610442. [PMID: 36012078 PMCID: PMC9407816 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The mental health of university students is a serious public health issue. The alarming trend of high levels of untreated psychological distress observed during the COVID-19 pandemic highlights the need for prevention programs. Digital tools are a promising means of delivering such programs. Web-based programs are acceptable and effective at improving mental health problems and general mental well-being. However, the usefulness of such digital prevention approaches to address the multiple issues raised by the COVID-19 pandemic needs to be tested. The current study assessed the effectiveness of an 8-week online intervention, integrating a variety of evidence-based strategies for improving French university students' mental health. Students were assigned to: (1) the online self-help program ETUCARE (n = 53), or (2) the control condition (n = 50). All the participants completed pre- and post-intervention questionnaires that assessed mental health problems and psychological well-being. The findings revealed that, compared to the control group, participation in the online program was associated with higher levels of psychological well-being post-test and fewer clinical symptoms of psychological distress, anxiety, and alcohol consumption. These preliminary findings suggest that the ETUCARE program is a promising multicomponent intervention to buffer the mental health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in French university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Theurel
- Instance Régionale D’éducation et de Promotion de la Santé, 21000 Dijon, France
- LEAD-CNRS (UMR 5022), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Arnaud Witt
- LEAD-CNRS (UMR 5022), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Rebecca Shankland
- Laboratory DIPHE, Department of Psychology, Education and Vulnerabilities, Université Lumière Lyon 2, 69676 Bron, France
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19
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Wang C, Yan S, Jiang H, Guo Y, Gan Y, Lv C, Lu Z. Socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyles, social support quality and mental health in college students: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1583. [PMID: 35987998 PMCID: PMC9392273 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Mental health problems are important public health issues among college students and are associated with various social factors. However, these influencing factors were scarcely summarized in Chinese college students comprehensively. This study aims to assess the associations between socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyles, social support quality (SSQ) and mental health among Chinese college students .
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Wuhan, China, from October 2017 to February 2018. College students from 18 colleges or universities were randomly recruited using multi-stage cluster sampling method. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support scale and 12-items General Health Questionnaire were used to estimate students’ SSQ and mental health statuses, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the associations between socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyles, SSQ and mental health problems.
Results
A total of 10,676 college students were included. Among them, 21.4% were identified as having possible mental health problems. Students being a female, aged 18–22 years old, whose mother held college degrees and above, and drinking alcohol were more likely to have mental health problems (P < 0.05). Contrarily, having general or higher household economic levels, work-rest regularly, and sleeping ≥ 7 h were preventive factors (P < 0.05). Especially, a decreasing trend in the risk of having mental health problems with the improvement of SSQ was identified.
Conclusion
Besides socio-demographic and lifestyle factors, social support is a critical factor for mental health among college students. Improving SSQ, especially which from the family, could be an effective method to prevent mental health problems among college students.
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20
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Seilo N, Paldanius S, Autio R, Koskela T, Kunttu K, Kaila M. Association between university students' two-staged health screening and student health care utilisation: register based observational study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e052824. [PMID: 35820768 PMCID: PMC9277381 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore how university students' participation in a two-staged health screening at the beginning of university studies associates with student health care utilisation in a 6-year follow-up. DESIGN Nationwide, observational, register-based cohort study with a 6-year follow-up. SETTING Student health care in Finland. Finnish Student Health Service (FSHS) provides statutory student health services to university students in Finland. The two-staged health screening of FSHS includes the electronic health questionnaire (eHQ) provided annually to university entrants and a subsequent health check, when necessary, based on students eHQ response. PARTICIPANTS A national cohort of university entrants from the 2011-2012 academic year (N=15 723) was assessed. After exclusions the study population consisted of 12 972 students, n (female)=7368, n (male)=5604. OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measures were students' health service utilisation pattern obtained by clustering analyses method and the students' participation in different stages of the health examination process. RESULTS Four distinguishable health care utilisation patterns were identified: (1) constant low use, (2) constant high use, (3) increasing use and (4) decreasing use. The students' OR for belonging to the constant high use group was significantly higher among females (OR 4.0, 95% CI 3.5 to 4.6) and students who attended the health check (OR 4.7, 95% CI 3.9 to 5.6). CONCLUSIONS Participating in the two-staged health screening was associated with increase in health care utilisation. The process detects students with health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noora Seilo
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Susanna Paldanius
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Reija Autio
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tuomas Koskela
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Center of General Practice, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Minna Kaila
- Public Health Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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21
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Patwary MM, Bardhan M, Disha AS, Kabir MP, Hossain MR, Alam MA, Haque MZ, Billah SM, Browning MHEM, Kabir R, Swed S, Shoib S. Mental Health Status of University Students and Working Professionals during the Early Stage of COVID-19 in Bangladesh. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:6834. [PMID: 35682415 PMCID: PMC9180371 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A novel coronavirus disease known as COVID-19 has spread globally and brought a public health emergency to all nations. To respond to the pandemic, the Bangladesh Government imposed a nationwide lockdown that may have degraded mental health among residents, in particular, university students and working professionals. We examined clinically significant anxiety levels with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale and perceived stress levels with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4) in an online cross-sectional study with 744 adults. Approximately 70% of respondents were afflicted with clinically significant anxiety levels, and more than 43.82% were afflicted with moderate or high perceived stress levels. Multivariate logistic regression models showed that postgraduates (OR = 2.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03−8.75, p < 0.05) were more likely to experience anxiety than their student counterparts. No such differences emerged for working professionals, however. Living with family members compared to living alone was a risk factor for perceived stress among working professionals (OR = 4.05, 95% CI = 1.45−11.32, p < 0.05). COVID-19 stressors such as financial hardship (OR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.11−3.05, p < 0.05) and worries of family members’ health (OR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.12−2.99) were risk factors for anxiety among students. Questionable social media news exposure (OR = 2.99, 95% CI = 1.13−7.92, p < 0.05) contributed to the development of mental stress among working professionals. These findings confirm that effective initiatives and proactive efforts from concerned authorities are necessary to cope with the mental health correlates of the COVID-19 pandemic, including in developing contexts such as Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mainuddin Patwary
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.B.); (A.S.D.); (M.P.K.); (M.Z.H.); (S.M.B.)
- Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Mondira Bardhan
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.B.); (A.S.D.); (M.P.K.); (M.Z.H.); (S.M.B.)
- Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Asma Safia Disha
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.B.); (A.S.D.); (M.P.K.); (M.Z.H.); (S.M.B.)
- Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Md Pervez Kabir
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.B.); (A.S.D.); (M.P.K.); (M.Z.H.); (S.M.B.)
- Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Riad Hossain
- Institute of Disaster Management, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna 9203, Bangladesh;
| | - Md Ashraful Alam
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;
- Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research, Tokyo 106-6234, Japan
| | - Md. Zahidul Haque
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.B.); (A.S.D.); (M.P.K.); (M.Z.H.); (S.M.B.)
- Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Sharif Mutasim Billah
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; (M.B.); (A.S.D.); (M.P.K.); (M.Z.H.); (S.M.B.)
- Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | | | - Russell Kabir
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex CM1 1SQ, UK;
| | - Sarya Swed
- Faculty of Medicine, Aleppo University, Aleppo 6458+JPC, Syria;
| | - Sheikh Shoib
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawahar Lal Nehru Memorial Hospital (JLNMH), Srinagar 190003, India;
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22
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Gisch UA, Robert M, Berlin N, Nebout A, Etilé F, Teyssier S, Andreeva VA, Hercberg S, Touvier M, Péneau S. Mastery Is Associated With Weight Status, Food Intake, Snacking, and Eating Disorder Symptoms in the NutriNet-Santé Cohort Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:871669. [PMID: 35694168 PMCID: PMC9174750 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.871669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastery is a psychological resource that is defined as the extent to which individuals perceive having control over important circumstances of their lives. Although mastery has been associated with various physical and psychological health outcomes, studies assessing its relationship with weight status and dietary behavior are lacking. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the relationship between mastery and weight status, food intake, snacking, and eating disorder (ED) symptoms in the NutriNet-Santé cohort study. Mastery was measured with the Pearlin Mastery Scale (PMS) in 32,588 adults (77.45% female), the mean age was 50.04 (14.53) years. Height and weight were self-reported. Overall diet quality and food group consumption were evaluated with ≥3 self-reported 24-h dietary records (range: 3-27). Snacking was assessed with an ad-hoc question. ED symptoms were assessed with the Sick-Control-One-Fat-Food Questionnaire (SCOFF). Linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between mastery and weight status, food intake, snacking, and ED symptoms, controlling for sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics. Females with a higher level of mastery were less likely to be underweight (OR: 0.88; 95%CI: 0.84, 0.93), overweight [OR: 0.94 (0.91, 0.97)], or obese [class I: OR: 0.86 (0.82, 0.90); class II: OR: 0.76 (0.71, 0.82); class III: OR: 0.77 (0.69, 0.86)]. Males with a higher level of mastery were less likely to be obese [class III: OR: 0.75 (0.57, 0.99)]. Mastery was associated with better diet quality overall, a higher consumption of fruit and vegetables, seafood, wholegrain foods, legumes, non-salted oleaginous fruits, and alcoholic beverages and with a lower consumption of meat and poultry, dairy products, sugary and fatty products, milk-based desserts, and sweetened beverages. Mastery was also associated with lower snacking frequency [OR: 0.89 (0.86, 0.91)] and less ED symptoms [OR: 0.73 (0.71, 0.75)]. As mastery was associated with favorable dietary behavior and weight status, targeting mastery might be a promising approach in promoting healthy behaviors. Clinical Trial Registry Number NCT03335644 at Clinicaltrials.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike A. Gisch
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics - University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
- Counseling Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Margaux Robert
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics - University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Noémi Berlin
- CNRS, EconomiX – UMR 7235, University of Paris Nanterre, Ivry-sur-Seine, France
| | | | - Fabrice Etilé
- INRAE, UR 1303 ALISS, Ivry-sur-Seine, France
- Paris School of Economics and INRAE, UMR1393 PjSE, Paris, France
| | - Sabrina Teyssier
- Grenoble Alpes University, INRAE, CNRS, Grenoble INP, GAEL, Grenoble, France
| | - Valentina A. Andreeva
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics - University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics - University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
- Department of Public Health, AP-HP Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny, France
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics - University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Sandrine Péneau
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics - University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
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23
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Chevrier B, Lannegrand L. Leaving the family home to start university: How is home-leaving related to family environment and attachment? CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03184-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Kaufman CC, Berlin K, Okwumabua T, Thurston I. Spirituality and Religiosity Profiles among Diverse Young Adults: The Relationship with Meaning Making. JOURNAL OF SPIRITUALITY IN MENTAL HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/19349637.2022.2074338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Cecil Kaufman
- Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA
- Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - Idia Thurston
- Department of Psychological and Brain Science, Texas A&M University System, College Station, Texas, USA
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25
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Sun X, Wang ZJ, Li YY, Chan KQ, Miao XY, Zhao S, Wu YQ, Li Z, Wu BM. Trends of college students' mental health from 2005 to 2019 and its rural-urban disparities in China. J Affect Disord 2022; 302:160-169. [PMID: 35033592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sun
- Department of Psychology, Ningbo University, China
| | - Zuo-Jun Wang
- Department of Psychology, Ningbo University, China.
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- Department of Psychology, Ningbo University, China
| | - Kai Qin Chan
- Department of Psychology, James Cook University, Singapore
| | - Xiao-Yan Miao
- Department of Psychology, Ningbo University, China; Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, China
| | - Shu Zhao
- Department of Psychology, Ningbo University, China
| | - Yu-Qing Wu
- Department of Psychology, Ningbo University, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- School of Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Bei-Min Wu
- Department of Psychology, Ningbo University, China.
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Meisel MK, Haikalis M, Colby SM, Barnett NP. Education-based stigma and discrimination among young adults not in 4-year college. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:26. [PMID: 35135628 PMCID: PMC8826660 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00737-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower levels of education are strongly associated with negative health outcomes. The current study examined the degree to which those without a history of 4-year college attendance experience social stigmatization of their educational status and if these experiences are associated with mental health symptoms. METHODS Data was obtained from 488 emerging adults who never attended 4-year college using Qualtrics Panels. RESULTS 79.4% of participants agreed to one of the six statements that not attending 4-year college is stigmatized, and 71.8% endorsed experiencing at least one form of discrimination. Higher levels of education-related stigma and more frequent experiences of education-related discrimination was associated with greater past-month anxiety and depression symptoms. CONCLUSIONS These findings could serve to increase awareness regarding the unique and significant discrimination faced by young adults who do not attend 4-year college and identify specific areas of intervention that can help these young adults cope with the effects of stigma and discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew K Meisel
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Box G-S121-4, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
| | - Michelle Haikalis
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Box G-S121-4, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Suzanne M Colby
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Box G-S121-4, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Nancy P Barnett
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Box G-S121-4, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
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Arsandaux J, Montagni I, Macalli M, Texier N, Pouriel M, Germain R, Mebarki A, Kinouani S, Tournier M, Schuck S, Tzourio C. Mental health condition of college students compared to non-students during COVID-19 lockdown: the CONFINS study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e053231. [PMID: 34413111 PMCID: PMC8380475 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the effect of student status on mental health condition during COVID-19 general lockdown in France. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis comparing students and non-students recruited in the same study. SETTING Participants of the web-based CONFINS study implemented during the general lockdown in France in spring 2020. PARTICIPANTS 2260 participants (78% women) including 1335 students (59%). PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Through an online questionnaire, participants declared if they have experienced suicidal thoughts, coded their perceived stress on a 10-points scale and completed validated mental health scales (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depressive symptoms, Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 for anxiety symptoms) during the last 7 days. The effect of college student status on each mental health condition was estimated using multivariate logistic regression analyses. Stratified models for students and non-students were performed to identify population-specific factors. RESULTS Student status was associated with a higher frequency of depressive symptoms (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.58; 95% CI 1.17 to 2.14), anxiety symptoms (aOR=1.51; 95% CI 1.10 to 2.07), perceived stress (n=1919, aOR=1.70, 95% CI 1.26 to 2.29) and suicidal thoughts (n=1919, aOR=1.57, 95% CI 0.97 to 2.53). Lockdown conditions that could be potentially aggravating on mental health like isolation had a higher impact on students than on non-students. CONCLUSIONS College students were at higher risk of mental health disturbances during lockdown than non-students, even after taking into account several potential confounding factors. A close follow-up and monitoring of students' mental health status is warranted during lockdown periods in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Arsandaux
- Bordeaux Population Health, Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Ilaria Montagni
- Bordeaux Population Health, Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | - Mélissa Macalli
- Bordeaux Population Health, Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marie Tournier
- Bordeaux Population Health, Université de Bordeaux, Talence, France
- Charles Perrens Hospital, Bordeaux, France
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Chevrier B, Lannegrand L. The relationship between academic motivation and basic psychological needs within the freshman year context: a longitudinal person-oriented approach. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY OF EDUCATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10212-021-00569-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chen Y, Sto C. Correlation of exercise style to mental health and social adaptability of college students. Work 2021; 69:531-541. [PMID: 34120933 DOI: 10.3233/wor-213497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Talents are the basis of all development and comprehensive strength of a country. As college students who are about to contact the society, their mental health and social adaptability are the most critical factors for their entry into society. OBJECTIVE Therefore, this study explores the correlation of exercise style to mental health and social adaptability of college students. METHODS Based on the sample processing of college students in 4 universities in a city, 1,000 students are selected for research on the correlation of exercise style to mental health and social adaptability. In addition, the impacts of college students participating in sports activities on their mental health and social adaptability are analyzed. RESULTS When the duration of a single sports activity is 30-60 min, the mental health of students reaches optimal. On the contrary, when the duration of a single sports activity exceeds 90 min, the mental health of students is low. This indicates that the more students participate in sports activities, the stronger the social adaptability is. When the intensity of sports activities for students is moderate, the average scores of interpersonal communication ability of students are the highest. When the duration of a single sports activity is 60-90 min, the average scores of living adaptability of students are the highest. If students keep the appropriate duration and intensity of sports activities, their social adaptability will be improved notably. CONCLUSION The social adaptability of students is related to the number of times they participate in sports activities, the duration of a single sports activity, and the intensity of sports activities. However, while exercising, students should plan the duration of sports activities to avoid excessively prolonged exercise time. In addition, students should beware their exercise intensity of sports activities. The optimal choice of exercise intensity is moderate or slightly tired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- JiLin Provincial Institute of Education, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chloe Sto
- Department of Radioisotope Diagnostics and Radiopharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland
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Franzoi IG, D’Ovidio F, Costa G, d’Errico A, Granieri A. Self-Rated Health and Psychological Distress among Emerging Adults in Italy: A Comparison between Data on University Students, Young Workers and Working Students Collected through the 2005 and 2013 National Health Surveys. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126403. [PMID: 34199210 PMCID: PMC8296246 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background. The present study aimed at comparing self-reported physical health and mental health among university students, workers, and working students aged between 19 years and 29 years. Method. Using data from National Health Surveys held in 2005 and 2013, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 18,612 Italian emerging adults grouped into three groups: university students, workers, and working students. The odds ratios of self-reported anxiety or depression, poor general health, and poor mental health and physical health (as assessed through SF-12) were estimated through logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders. Results. Compared with workers, students showed an increased risk of anxiety or depression and a lower risk of poor general health. Students and working students showed an increased risk of reporting weak mental health compared with that in workers, while students displayed a lower risk of poor physical health. Significant differences were not found between the 2005 and 2013 surveys. Conclusions. These results are of considerable importance for psychologists as well as educational and occupation-based institutions for planning prevention programs and clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabrizio D’Ovidio
- Department of Neurosciences “Rita Levi Montalcini”, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Costa
- Department of Clinical and Biological Science, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy;
| | - Angelo d’Errico
- Department of Epidemiology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale TO3, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy;
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Husky MM, Kovess-Masfety V, Gobin-Bourdet C, Swendsen J. Prior depression predicts greater stress during Covid-19 mandatory lockdown among college students in France. Compr Psychiatry 2021; 107:152234. [PMID: 33706216 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2021.152234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Covid-19 pandemic and its related public health measures such as mandatory lockdowns have been shown to have an impact on mental health. A key question is the role of pre-existing psychiatric disorders in how such measures are experienced. METHODS During the first country-wide lockdown imposed in France, a Covid-19 module was added to the French portion of the ongoing World Mental Health International college student survey. The present study focuses on respondents who completed the survey during that time frame (n = 291). RESULTS Students with prior depression endorsed greater increases in anxiety (72.2% vs 50.9%) and stress (72.2% vs 49.4%), as well as greater decreases in concentration (87.0% vs 72.9%) during lockdown as compared to those without depression history. In multivariate analyses, prior depression was associated with overall stress (AOR = 5.50), financial stress (AOR = 1.95), family stress (AOR = 2.47), work related stress (AOR = 5.15), and stress related to loved ones (AOR = 2.21). Prior depression was also associated with greater probability experiencing increased anxiety (AOR = 2.61) and stress (AOR = 2.55) during lockdown. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that the best predictor of experiencing stress and anxiety during the first Covid-19 lockdown was a history of depression prior to the pandemic outbreak. Implementing public health measures such as mandatory national lockdowns should be accompanied by strategies for reaching out to those who are vulnerable due to a history of mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde M Husky
- Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Psychologie EA4139, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Viviane Kovess-Masfety
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé EA 4057, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
| | | | - Joel Swendsen
- EPHE PSL Research University, Université de Bordeaux CNRS UMR 5287, Institut Universitaire de France, Bordeaux, France
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Linton MJA, Jelbert S, Kidger J, Morris R, Biddle L, Hood B. Investigating the Use of Electronic Well-being Diaries Completed Within a Psychoeducation Program for University Students: Longitudinal Text Analysis Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e25279. [PMID: 33885373 PMCID: PMC8103302 DOI: 10.2196/25279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Psychoeducation has the potential to support students experiencing distress and help meet the demand for support; however, there is a need to understand how these programs are experienced. Web-based diaries are a useful activity for psychoeducation because of their therapeutic benefits, ability to capture naturalistic data relevant to well-being, and appropriateness for text analysis methods. Objective This study aims to examine how university students use electronic diaries within a psychoeducation program designed to enhance mental well-being. Methods The Science of Happiness course was administered to 154 undergraduate students in a university setting (the United Kingdom). Diaries were collected from the students for 9 weeks. Baseline well-being data were collected using the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (SWEMWBS). The percentage of negative and positive emotion words used in diaries (emotional tone) and use of words from five life domains (social, work, money, health, and leisure) were calculated using the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count 2015 software. Random effects (generalized least squares) regression models were estimated to examine whether time, diary characteristics, demographics, and baseline well-being predict the emotional tone of diaries. Results A total of 149 students participated in the diary study, producing 1124 individual diary entries. Compliance with the diary task peaked in week 1 (n=1041, 92.62%) and was at its lowest in week 3 (n=807, 71.81%). Compared with week 1, diaries were significantly more positive in their emotional tone during week 5 (mean difference 23.90, 95% CI 16.89-30.90) and week 6 (mean difference 26.62, 95% CI 19.35-33.88) when students were tasked with writing about gratitude and their strengths. Across weeks, moderate and high baseline SWEMWBS scores were associated with a higher percentage of positive emotion words used in diaries (increases compared with students scoring low in SWEMWBS were 5.03, 95% CI 0.08-9.98 and 7.48, 95% CI 1.84-13.12, respectively). At week 1, the diaries of students with the highest levels of baseline well-being (82.92, 95% CI 73.08-92.76) were more emotionally positive on average than the diaries of students with the lowest levels of baseline well-being (59.38, 95% CI 51.02-67.73). Diaries largely focused on the use of social words. The emotional tone of diary entries was positively related to the use of leisure (3.56, 95% CI 2.28-4.85) and social words (0.74, 95% CI 0.21-1.27), and inversely related to the use of health words (−1.96, 95% CI −3.70 to −0.22). Conclusions We found evidence for short-term task-specific spikes in the emotional positivity of web-based diary entries and recommend future studies examine the possibility of long-term impacts on the writing and well-being of students. With student well-being strategies in mind, universities should value and encourage leisure and social activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myles-Jay Anthony Linton
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.,School of Education, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Jelbert
- School of Experimental Psychology, Bristol Cognitive Development Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Judi Kidger
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Morris
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Biddle
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Bruce Hood
- School of Experimental Psychology, Bristol Cognitive Development Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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López-Madrigal C, de la Fuente J, García-Manglano J, Martínez-Vicente JM, Peralta-Sánchez FJ, Amate-Romera J. The Role of Gender and Age in the Emotional Well-Being Outcomes of Young Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020522. [PMID: 33435219 PMCID: PMC7828022 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Young adults face different stressors in their transition to college. Negative emotions such as stress can emerge from the demands they face. This study aimed at gaining an improved understanding of the role that gender and age play in the well-being of young adults. Coping strategies, resilience, self-regulation, and positivity were selected as indicators of well-being. Descriptive and inferential analysis have been conducted. Results show that well-being varies significantly with age and gender. Gender was predominantly involved in the acquisition of the well-being outcomes, highly predicting problem-focused coping strategies. No interaction effects were found between gender and age. An improved understanding of the developmental factors involved in well-being outcomes will enlighten future interventions aimed at improving young people’s resources to face adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia López-Madrigal
- School of Education and Psychology, University of Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain;
- Institute for Culture and Society, University of Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jesús de la Fuente
- School of Education and Psychology, University of Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain;
- School of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (J.M.M.-V.); (F.J.P.-S.); (J.A.-R.)
| | | | | | | | - Jorge Amate-Romera
- School of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (J.M.M.-V.); (F.J.P.-S.); (J.A.-R.)
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Associations between (sub) clinical stress- and anxiety symptoms in mentally healthy individuals and in major depression: a cross-sectional clinical study. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:428. [PMID: 32873278 PMCID: PMC7466802 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02836-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Responses to stressful circumstances have psychological and physiological dimensions, and are related to anxiety symptoms and mental disorders such as depression. Nonetheless, the relationship between subclinical stress and anxiety symptoms is still elusive. METHODS To explore possible associations between stress and anxiety symptoms, patients with major depression (N = 77) and mentally healthy individuals of different age clusters and occupations (N = 412) were enrolled into the study. Stress was assessed with the new subclinical stress symptom questionnaire (SSQ-25). Anxiety was studied with the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), mainly focusing on clinical anxiety, whilst anxiety as a personality trait was assessed with the trait aspect of the State Τrait Αnxiety Ιnventory Y (STAI Y). Statistical analyses included ANOVA, Scheffe test, linear regression models and a two-step cluster analysis using Log-Likelihood Distance measure and fixed number of two clusters. RESULTS Age, stress symptoms and BAI scores differed significantly between among groups (P < 0.001), whilst STAI Y scores did not. Stress levels were found to be related to clinical anxiety (P < 0.001), while neither group identity nor age exerted any influence on anxiety levels (P > 0.05). The two Step Cluster analysis classified 76 out of 77 participants with milder stress (subclinical) symptoms into the cluster with moderate anxiety, as indicated by BAI scores, and all individuals with more severe stress into the severe anxiety cluster. CONCLUSIONS The observed associations between stress and anxiety shed light on the interrelations between even very mild (subclinical) stress and anxiety symptoms and may point to the potential of mild stress to serve as a target for early interventions aiming to prevent anxiety morbidity.
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Boals A, Contractor AA, Blumenthal H. The utility of college student samples in research on trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder: A critical review. J Anxiety Disord 2020; 73:102235. [PMID: 32464542 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There is a widespread notion of the 'college sophomore problem' in social science research that posits that college student samples are samples of convenience with little generalizability to the general population. To address this concern, we conducted a critical review of the literature on college student samples in trauma research. Specifically, we reviewed how college student samples differ from non-college samples in four key areas of trauma research: (1) exposure rates to potentially traumatic events (PTEs), (2) prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, (3) factor structure of PTSD symptoms, and (4) PTSD's relation with common markers, correlates, and consequences. Lastly, we discussed the value and advantages of using college student samples in trauma research. Results of the critical review indicated similar trends of trauma-related findings (Points 1-4) between college student samples and both U.S. nationally collected and treatment-seeking samples; specifically, we identified a comparable lifetime PTE exposure rate, comparable rates of PTSD, a comparable factor structure of PTSD symptoms, and a comparable pattern of associations between PTSD symptoms and post-trauma markers/correlates/consequences. Although trauma-exposed college student samples are biased in some key areas, they may be no more biased than other commonly used trauma samples (e.g. epidemiological, treatment-seeking). Results of this critical review highlight the need to re-examine potentially unfounded biases on the part of the trauma research community, as well as the need to consider advantages of using college student samples in trauma research.
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Amanvermez Y, Rahmadiana M, Karyotaki E, de Wit L, Ebert DD, Kessler RC, Cuijpers P. Stress management interventions for college students: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/cpsp.12342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Well-being and health perception of university students in Portugal: the influence of parental support and love relationship. HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY REPORT 2020. [DOI: 10.5114/hpr.2020.94723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Mei Q, Li C, Yin Y, Wang Q, Wang Q, Deng G. The relationship between the psychological stress of adolescents in school and the prevalence of chronic low back pain: a cross-sectional study in China. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2019; 13:24. [PMID: 31236133 PMCID: PMC6580587 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-019-0283-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence supports an association between an unhealthy mental state and low back pain (LBP). However, the degree of the association between mental health and chronic low back pain (CLBP) in the general population is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to analyze the incidence of CLBP in Chinese college students and to examine the association between students' unhealthy mental states and the prevalence of CLBP. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 10,000 questionnaires were distributed in the second semester of the 2017-2018 academic year by the School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University. Eligible participants were students aged ≥ 18 years from randomly selected Chinese colleges. Participants completed a questionnaire survey that included items from the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) and items on demographic factors, LBP prevalence, quality of life at their university, study-related stress and interpersonal relationships. The evaluation of students' mental states in the survey was divided into two major parts: direct and indirect indicators. A multivariate logistic regression model was mainly used to explore the relationship between CLBP and the students' mental health. RESULTS There was a high incidence of CLBP in the college students. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the risk of CLBP increased with increasing scores on the SCL-90, and a clinically unhealthy mental state (scores greater than 3) was significantly associated with CLBP (adjusted odds ratios for depression, anxiety, coercion, paranoia, and interpersonal sensitivity were 7.209, 6.593, 3.959, 4.465, and 4.283, respectively; p < 0.001). Participants who had poor living habits or uncomfortable campus lives and those who experienced heavy academic pressure also showed a higher positive association with CLBP compared with the full sample. CONCLUSIONS Unhealthy psychological conditions, which may be attributed to unsatisfying school lives, excessive learning pressure, and uncomfortable interpersonal relationships, represent a risk factor for CLBP in college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixiang Mei
- 0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cShanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 China
| | - Chunlin Li
- 0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cShanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 China
| | - Yue Yin
- 0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cShanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080 China
| | - Qi Wang
- 0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cTrauma Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 650 Xin Songjiang Road, Shanghai, 201620 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiugen Wang
- 0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cTrauma Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 650 Xin Songjiang Road, Shanghai, 201620 People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoying Deng
- 0000 0004 0368 8293grid.16821.3cTrauma Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 650 Xin Songjiang Road, Shanghai, 201620 People’s Republic of China
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Husky MM, Bharat C, Lépine JP, Kovess-Masfety V. Cohort Alcohol Use in France and the Transition from Use to Alcohol Use Disorder and Remission. J Psychoactive Drugs 2019; 51:453-462. [PMID: 31076020 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2019.1612536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to examine the age of onset of stages of alcohol use in the general population, and to estimate the association of cohort use with the probability of transitioning from alcohol use to alcohol use disorder (AUD) and remission. French data (N = 2,894) from the European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders Survey and collected in 2000 were used. Data on lifetime history of alcohol use and DSM-IV alcohol use disorders, and remission were collected. Nearly every adult has consumed alcohol at least once in their lifetime (92.8%), and among users, 88.3% developed regular use, 6.0% met criteria for abuse and 1.7% for dependence. One-third of the population (32.8%) had used alcohol by the age of 15. Over 85% of cases of regular use were established prior to age 25, as were 61.1% of abuse and 39.4% of dependence cases. The proportion of people in an individual's age and sex cohort who had already used alcohol by a given age was positively and significantly associated with increased odds of transitioning to each stage examined. The findings highlight sensitive periods of life where persons are at greater risk for transitioning to a higher level of alcohol use, and underscore the importance of cohort use in transition risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde M Husky
- Institut Universitaire de France, Université de Bordeaux, Laboratoire de Psychologie EA4139, Bordeaux, France
| | - Chrianna Bharat
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jean-Pierre Lépine
- Inserm UMR-S 1144, Hôpital Saint-Louis Lariboisière Fernand Widal, Fernand-Widal, Paris, France
| | - Viviane Kovess-Masfety
- Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique, Institut de Psychologie de Paris Descartes (EA 4057), Paris, France
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Arias-de la Torre J, Fernández-Villa T, Molina AJ, Amezcua-Prieto C, Mateos R, Cancela JM, Delgado-Rodríguez M, Ortíz-Moncada R, Alguacil J, Redondo S, Gómez-Acebo I, Morales-Suárez-Varela M, Blázquez Abellán G, Jiménez Mejías E, Valero LF, Ayán C, Vilorio-Marqués L, Olmedo-Requena R, Martín V. Psychological Distress, Family Support and Employment Status in First-Year University Students in Spain. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16071209. [PMID: 30987309 PMCID: PMC6480047 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16071209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Mental disorders are consistently and closely related to psychological distress. At the start of the university period, the relationship between a student's psychological distress, family support, and employment status is not well-known. The aims of this study were: To determine the prevalence of psychological distress in first-year university students and to analyze its relationship with family support and the student's employment status. Data from 4166 first-year university students from nine universities across Spain were considered. The prevalence of psychological distress was obtained using the GHQ-12, a valid and reliable screening tool to detect poor mental health. To analyze the relationship between psychological distress, family support, and employment status, logistic regression models were fitted. Regarding the prevalence found, 46.9% of men and 54.2% of women had psychological distress. In both genders, psychological distress levels increased as family support decreased. Among women, psychological distress was associated with their employment status. The prevalence of psychological distress among first-year university students in Spain is high. In addition, family support, and employment status for women, could be factors to take into account when developing psychological distress prevention strategies at the beginning of the university period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Arias-de la Torre
- The Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Agency for Health Quality and Assessment of Catalonia (AQuAS), Carrer de Roc Boronat, 81, 08005 Barcelona, Spain.
- Grupo de Investigación en Interacciones Gen-Ambiente y Salud (GIIGAS)/Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain.
| | - Tania Fernández-Villa
- Grupo de Investigación en Interacciones Gen-Ambiente y Salud (GIIGAS)/Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain.
| | - Antonio José Molina
- Grupo de Investigación en Interacciones Gen-Ambiente y Salud (GIIGAS)/Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain.
| | - Carmen Amezcua-Prieto
- The Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University Hospitals of Granada-University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Ramona Mateos
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - José María Cancela
- Faculty of Education Sciences & Sports, University of Vigo, HealthyFit Research Group Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Sergas-UVIGO, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain.
| | - Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez
- The Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Rocío Ortíz-Moncada
- Departments of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain.
- Research group on Food and Nutrition-Research group of Public Health, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Juan Alguacil
- The Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Research Center on Natural Resources, Health, and Environment (RENSMA), University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain.
| | - Susana Redondo
- Gerencia de Servicios Sociales, Comisionado Regional para la Droga, 47009 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Inés Gómez-Acebo
- The Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- IDIVAL, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain.
| | - María Morales-Suárez-Varela
- The Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
| | - Gemma Blázquez Abellán
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Albacete, Spain.
| | - Eladio Jiménez Mejías
- The Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University Hospitals of Granada-University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Luis Félix Valero
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Carlos Ayán
- Faculty of Education Sciences & Sports, University of Vigo, HealthyFit Research Group Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Sergas-UVIGO, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain.
| | - Laura Vilorio-Marqués
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Rocío Olmedo-Requena
- The Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University Hospitals of Granada-University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Vicente Martín
- The Biomedical Research Centre Network for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Grupo de Investigación en Interacciones Gen-Ambiente y Salud (GIIGAS)/Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain.
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Marconi A, Ranum N, Van Orman S, Hanson B, Donovan V, Borenitsch E. Demographic differences in response rates for PHQ9 in a university student population. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2019; 67:283-289. [PMID: 29979931 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2018.1481073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine differences in complete response rates for depression screening questions based on demographic characteristics. METHODS Cross-sectional study examining associations between demographic characteristics and completely responding depression-screening questions. PARTICIPANTS "Healthy Minds Study" data, collected in a public University in February 2016, where 7,326 students participated. RESULTS women (AOR: 0.69; 95% CI =0.57-0.83) and gay/lesbian students (AOR: 0.24; 95% CI =0.10-0.60) had better complete response rates. Non-US (AOR: 1.46; 95% CI =1.03-2.07), black (AOR: 3.32; 95% CI =1.92-5.77), and Middle-Eastern students (AOR: 3.73; 95% CI =1.73-8.02) had lower complete response rates. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows sex, gender, citizenship, and race categories have significant differences in complete response rates for the outcome. Our findings have several implications; including recognizing interventions for depression based on responders may not target those that tend to be "partial-responders". Efforts in survey design, recruiting and completion of surveys should be maximized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Marconi
- a University Health Services. University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin , USA
| | - Nancy Ranum
- a University Health Services. University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin , USA
| | - Sarah Van Orman
- b University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin , USA
| | - Bjorn Hanson
- c Coordinator of Quality, Data, and Informatics, Mental Health Services University Health Services, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin , USA
| | - Valerie Donovan
- a University Health Services. University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin , USA
| | - Emily Borenitsch
- a University Health Services. University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin , USA
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Viohl L, Ernst F, Gabrysch J, Petzold MB, Köhler S, Ströhle A, Betzler F. 'Higher education' - substance use among Berlin college students. Eur J Neurosci 2019; 50:2526-2537. [PMID: 30633826 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Berlin is internationally known for its intense nightlife associated with high rates of psychoactive substance use. Previous studies conducted in other cities indicated college students as a group at high risk for substance (mis-)use that was associated with individual psychological and cognitive impairments as well as lower academic performance. The aim of this study was to provide detailed data about the substance use patterns of Berlin college students. In addition, major protective and risk factors were analysed. An online questionnaire assessing sociodemographic data and various relevant aspects of both legal and illegal substance use such as consumption pattern and frequency as well as risk-taking behaviour was developed and distributed among colleges in Berlin. A sample of 9351 participants from 17 different colleges in Berlin completed the questionnaire. The study revealed high lifetime (69.3%), past year (45.9%) and past month (28.3%) prevalence of illicit substance use in the sample. Daily tobacco-smoking, a mental disorder diagnosis, a positive screening for problematic consumption (Cage-AID), bisexual orientation and living in open relationship were main factors positively associated with the prevalence and the extent of illicit substance use. Students in Berlin appear to show higher rates of illicit substance use than was previously reported for age-matched individuals in the general German population and college students in other cities. Thus, they are a relevant target group for early prevention and intervention concerning substance use and abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Viohl
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felicitas Ernst
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julian Gabrysch
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz B Petzold
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Köhler
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Ströhle
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Betzler
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
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Guo Y, Xu M, Ji M, Wei Z, Zhang J, Hu Q, Yan J, Chen Y, Lyu J, Shao X, Wang Y, Guo J, Wei Y. The effect of Imaginary Working Qigong on the psychological well-being of college students: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e13043. [PMID: 30383672 PMCID: PMC6221622 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION College students are special populations that are particularly prone to have significantly high level of psychological distress than their community peers. Apparently, the best way to manage stress and mental state is through self-care. The characteristic of Qigong is self-directed and self-healing, which is a traditional Chinese mind-body exercise, which has the potential as a stress management intervention. Imaginary Working Qigong, as a kind of static Qigong, is more perception-oriented and can bring about benign sensations of mind and body so as to eliminate stress completely and induce physiological and mental relaxation. In this study protocol, we will systematically examine the feasibility and acceptability of Imaginary Working Qigong on psychological outcomes of the college students and deeply explore molecular biological mechanisms underlying the effects of mind adjustment induced Imaginary Working Qigong. METHODS/DESIGNS We will conduct a randomized, assessor and statistician-blinded, parallel-controlled trial exploring the beneficial mind adjustment of Imaginary Working Qigong in college students.A total of 80 eligible college students from Beijing University of Chinese Medicine will be recruited and randomly allocated into Imaginary Working Qigong training or unaltered lifestyle control group according 1:1 allocation ratio with allocation concealment. Imaginary Working Qigong training will last 8 weeks. The study period is 12 weeks including a 4-week supervised training, 4-week independence training, and a 4-week follow-up. Relevant psychological outcomes measurement will take place at baseline, 5 weeks (at the end of supervised training), 9 weeks (at the end of independence training), and 13 weeks (after the 4-week follow-up period) by blinded independent outcome assessors. CONCLUSION This is the first randomized controlled trial protocol from the perspective of Qigong connotation to systematically evaluate the effects and relevant molecular mechanism of Imaginary Working Qigong for the mental health of a college student population. If our study demonstrates a significant intervention effect, this would provide preliminary higher-quality evidence and establish a further guidance for the application of Imaginary Working Qigong program among a college student population. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study protocol and consent forms have been approved by the medical and animal experiment ethic committee of BUCM (approval number: BJZYYDX-LL2014005).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Guo
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing
- Ovation Health Science and Technology Co. Ltd, ENN Group, Langfang
| | - Mingmin Xu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu
| | - Meiqi Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zeren Wei
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing
| | - Jialei Zhang
- Ovation Health Science and Technology Co. Ltd, ENN Group, Langfang
| | - Qingchuan Hu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing
- Ovation Health Science and Technology Co. Ltd, ENN Group, Langfang
| | - Jian Yan
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing
- Ovation Health Science and Technology Co. Ltd, ENN Group, Langfang
| | - Yue Chen
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing
- Ovation Health Science and Technology Co. Ltd, ENN Group, Langfang
| | - Jiaxuan Lyu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing
| | - Xiaoqian Shao
- Ovation Health Science and Technology Co. Ltd, ENN Group, Langfang
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing
| | - Jiamei Guo
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing
| | - Yulong Wei
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing
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Balayssac D, Pereira B, Darfeuille M, Cuq P, Vernhet L, Collin A, Vennat B, Authier N. Use of Psychotropic Medications and Illegal Drugs, and Related Consequences Among French Pharmacy Students - SCEP Study: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:725. [PMID: 30065649 PMCID: PMC6056660 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The use of psychotropic medications and illegal drugs is a worldwide public health issue, leading to addiction, psychiatric and somatic disorders, and death. Pharmacy students are more exposed to psychotropic medications than other students (non-medical), which could lead to an overuse. The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of psychotropic drug use (medications and illegal drugs) by French pharmacy students, by carrying out a nationwide cross-sectional study. The relation of these medications and illegal drug use with several comorbidities and academic achievement was also assessed. Methods: This online survey was performed by emails sent to all French pharmacy faculties over a period of 66 days (March 16, 2016 to May 20, 2016). The survey assessed the prevalence of uses of psychotropic medications and illegal drugs during the last 3 months. These uses were compared to student characteristics (personal and university) and comorbidities (anxiety, depression, stress, and fatigue). Results: Of the 2,609 questionnaires received, 2,575 were completed and useable for the analysis. Among French pharmacy students and during the 3 last months, 9.4% have used psychotropic medications, 21.5% illegal drugs and 3.3% both psychotropic medications and illegal drugs. Psychotropic medications were used in the cases of a medical prescription (49.0%), a self-medication (42.4%) or a non-medical intent (26.3%). Stress scores of the last 7 days were higher for psychotropic medication users compared to non-users and illegal drug users. Proportions of anxiety and depression at the time of answer were higher for psychotropic medication users than for non-users and illegal drug users. Fatigue scores of the last 7 days were lower for illegal drug users compared to non-users and self-medicated students. Annual average marks of the last year, attendance and perception of study difficulty were lower for illegal drug users than for non-users. Conclusion: French pharmacy students were less exposed to psychotropic medications and illegal drugs than the general French population. However, in comparison to other students in other countries, the use of psychotropic medications seemed to be lower, but with a proportionally higher use of anxiety/sedative medications and a lower use of opioid medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Balayssac
- Inserm U1107, NEURO-DOL, Faculté de Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et à l'Innovation, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et à l'Innovation, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Maxime Darfeuille
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pierre Cuq
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Vernhet
- UMR Inserm 1085, Institut de Recherche sur la Santé, l'Environnement et le Travail (IRSET), Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Aurore Collin
- Inserm U1107, NEURO-DOL, Faculté de Pharmacie, Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Brigitte Vennat
- ACCePPT, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nicolas Authier
- Inserm U1107, NEURO-DOL, Université Clermont Auvergne, Faculté de Médecine, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Pharmacologie Médicale, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Marthoenis, Meutia I, Sofyan H, Schouler-Ocak M. Exposure to Traumatic Events and PTSD in a Postconflict and Disaster-Prone Area. JOURNAL OF LOSS & TRAUMA 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/15325024.2018.1423867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marthoenis
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Nursing, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Inong Meutia
- Master Program of Disaster Management, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Hizir Sofyan
- Department of Statistics, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Meryam Schouler-Ocak
- University Psychiatric Clinic of Charité at St. Hedwig’s Hospital, Berlin, Germany
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Funck-Brentano I, Assoumou L, Veber F, Moshous D, Frange P, Blanche S. Resilience and Life Expectations of Perinatally HIV-1 Infected Adolescents in France. Open AIDS J 2016; 10:209-224. [PMID: 27990195 PMCID: PMC5120384 DOI: 10.2174/1874613601610010209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Resilience of perinatally HIV-infected youth in European countries is poorly studied. Life satisfaction and expectations for adulthood are rarely examined. Objective: This cross-sectional, descriptive study of a French cohort of 54 perinatally HIV-infected adolescents raised in France (age 14-20 years) aimed to (1) evaluate their psychosocial adjustment, (2) identify their expectations for adulthood and (3) delineate risk and protective factors associated with mental health, life satisfaction, and HIV-1 viral load level. Method: Medical evaluation, psychological semi-structured interview, and self-report questionnaires were used. Results: All the adolescents had been receiving Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) for 9 to 11 years and 2/3 were healthy with controlled viral load (<50 copies/mL). The majority had medium to high levels of life satisfaction. They viewed HIV as having only minor impact on their current daily life and had positive expectations for adulthood. However, 46% exhibited psychiatric symptomatology. Multivariable analysis showed that having a deceased parent and current worries about HIV were substantial risk factors for psychiatric symptoms. Having two living parents and being satisfied with life were protective factors for mental health. Good quality of caregiver-adolescent relationships and high life satisfaction were significant protective factors for controlled viral load. Conclusion: These data indicate psychosocial resilience among perinatally HIV-1 infected adolescents with 10 years of HAART treatment. These findings demonstrate the influence of life satisfaction, parent’s life status and quality of caregiver-adolescent relationships on resilience and health outcomes in these patients. We conclude that healthcare providers should attend to these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Funck-Brentano
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Unité d'Immunologie-hématologie et rhumatologie pédiatriques, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75743 Paris cedex 15, France
| | - Lambert Assoumou
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, 45 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, 101 rue de Tolbiac, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Florence Veber
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Unité d'Immunologie-hématologie et rhumatologie pédiatriques, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75743 Paris cedex 15, France
| | - Despina Moshous
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Unité d'Immunologie-hématologie et rhumatologie pédiatriques, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75743 Paris cedex 15, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut IMAGINE, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Frange
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Unité d'Immunologie-hématologie et rhumatologie pédiatriques, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75743 Paris cedex 15, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Laboratoire de Microbiologie Clinique; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, EA 7327, 149 rue de Sèvres 75743 Paris cedex 15, France
| | - Stéphane Blanche
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Unité d'Immunologie-hématologie et rhumatologie pédiatriques, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75743 Paris cedex 15, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut IMAGINE, 24 Boulevard du Montparnasse, 75015 Paris, France
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