1
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Sweeney N, Kim TY, Morrison CT, Li L, Acosta D, Liang J, Datla NV, Fitzgerald JA, Huang H, Liu X, Tan GH, Wu M, Karelina K, Bray CE, Weil ZM, Scharre DW, Serrano GE, Saito T, Saido TC, Beach TG, Kokiko-Cochran ON, Godbout JP, Johnson GVW, Fu H. Neuronal BAG3 attenuates tau hyperphosphorylation, synaptic dysfunction, and cognitive deficits induced by traumatic brain injury via the regulation of autophagy-lysosome pathway. Acta Neuropathol 2024; 148:52. [PMID: 39394356 PMCID: PMC11469979 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-024-02810-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/13/2024]
Abstract
Growing evidence supports that early- or middle-life traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a risk factor for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD-related dementia (ADRD). Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying TBI-induced AD-like pathology and cognitive deficits remain unclear. In this study, we found that a single TBI (induced by controlled cortical impact) reduced the expression of BCL2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) in neurons and oligodendrocytes, which is associated with decreased proteins related to the autophagy-lysosome pathway (ALP) and increased hyperphosphorylated tau (ptau) accumulation in excitatory neurons and oligodendrocytes, gliosis, synaptic dysfunction, and cognitive deficits in wild-type (WT) and human tau knock-in (hTKI) mice. These pathological changes were also found in human cases with a TBI history and exaggerated in human AD cases with TBI. The knockdown of BAG3 significantly inhibited autophagic flux, while overexpression of BAG3 significantly increased it in vitro. Specific overexpression of neuronal BAG3 in the hippocampus attenuated AD-like pathology and cognitive deficits induced by TBI in hTKI mice, which is associated with increased ALP-related proteins. Our data suggest that targeting neuronal BAG3 may be a therapeutic strategy for preventing or reducing AD-like pathology and cognitive deficits induced by TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Sweeney
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tae Yeon Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Cody T Morrison
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Liangping Li
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Diana Acosta
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jiawen Liang
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nithin V Datla
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Julie A Fitzgerald
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Haoran Huang
- Medical Scientist Training Program, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xianglan Liu
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gregory Huang Tan
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kate Karelina
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Chelsea E Bray
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zachary M Weil
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Douglas W Scharre
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Takashi Saito
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Neurocognitive Science, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Takaomi C Saido
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | | | - Olga N Kokiko-Cochran
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, 175 Pomerene Hall, 1760 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan P Godbout
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, 175 Pomerene Hall, 1760 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gail V W Johnson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Hongjun Fu
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, 175 Pomerene Hall, 1760 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH, USA.
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2
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Estrella LD, Manganaro JE, Sheldon L, Roland N, Snyder AD, George JW, Emanuel K, Lamberty BG, Stauch KL. Chronic glial activation and behavioral alterations induced by acute/subacute pioglitazone treatment in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 123:64-80. [PMID: 39242055 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a disabling neurotraumatic condition and the leading cause of injury-related deaths and disability in the United States. Attenuation of neuroinflammation early after TBI is considered an important treatment target; however, while these inflammatory responses can induce secondary brain injury, they are also involved in the repair of the nervous system. Pioglitazone, which activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, has been shown to decrease inflammation acutely after TBI, but the long-term consequences of its use remain unknown. For this reason, the impacts of treatment with pioglitazone during the acute/subacute phase (30 min after injury and each subsequent 24 h for 5 days) after TBI were interrogated during the chronic phase (30- and 274-days post-injury (DPI)) in mice using the controlled cortical impact model of experimental TBI. Acute/subacute pioglitazone treatment after TBI results in long-term deleterious consequences, including disruption of tau homeostasis, chronic glial cell activation, neuronal pathology, and worsened injury severity particularly at 274 DPI, with male mice being more susceptible than female mice. Further, male pioglitazone-treated TBI mice exhibited increased dominant and offensive-like behavior while having a decreased non-social exploring behavior at 274 DPI. After TBI, both sexes exhibited glial activation at 30 DPI when treated with pioglitazone; however, while injury severity was increased in females it was not impacted in male mice. This work reveals that although pioglitazone has been shown to lead to attenuated TBI outcomes acutely, sex-based differences, timing and long-term consequences of treatment with glitazones must be considered and further studied prior to their clinical use for TBI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Daniel Estrella
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Medicine, Department of Neurological Sciences, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jane E Manganaro
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Medicine, Department of Neurological Sciences, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Lexi Sheldon
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Medicine, Department of Neurological Sciences, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Nashanthea Roland
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Medicine, Department of Neurological Sciences, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Austin D Snyder
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Medicine, Department of Neurological Sciences, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Joseph W George
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Medicine, Department of Neurological Sciences, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Katy Emanuel
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Medicine, Department of Neurological Sciences, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Benjamin G Lamberty
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Medicine, Department of Neurological Sciences, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kelly L Stauch
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Medicine, Department of Neurological Sciences, Omaha, NE, USA.
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3
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Chiang W, Urban JM, Yanchik-Slade F, Stout A, Hammond JM, Nilsson BL, Gelbard HA, Krauss TD. Hybrid Amyloid Quantum Dot Nano-Bio Assemblies to Probe Neuroinflammatory Damage. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:3124-3135. [PMID: 39146244 PMCID: PMC11378299 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Various oligomeric species of amyloid-beta have been proposed to play different immunogenic roles in the cellular pathology of Alzheimer's Disease. The dynamic interconversion between various amyloid oligomers and fibrillar assemblies makes it difficult to elucidate the role each potential aggregation state may play in driving neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative pathology. The ability to identify the amyloid species that are key and essential drivers of these pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's Disease is of fundamental importance for also understanding downstream events including tauopathies that mediate neuroinflammation with neurologic deficits. Here, we report the design and construction of a quantum dot mimetic for larger spherical oligomeric amyloid species as an "endogenously" fluorescent proxy for this cytotoxic assembly of amyloid to investigate its role in inducing inflammatory and stress response states in neuronal and glial cell types. The design parameters and construction protocol developed here may be adapted for developing quantum dot nano-bio assemblies for other biological systems of interest, particularly neurodegenerative diseases involving other protein aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Chiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Jennifer M Urban
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United States
| | - Francine Yanchik-Slade
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United States
| | - Angela Stout
- Center for Neurotherapeutics Discovery and Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Jennetta M Hammond
- Center for Neurotherapeutics Discovery and Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Bradley L Nilsson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United States
| | - Harris A Gelbard
- Center for Neurotherapeutics Discovery and Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
- Departments of Pediatrics, Neuroscience, and Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Todd D Krauss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United States
- The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United States
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4
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Pan X, Hu Y, Lei G, Wei Y, Li J, Luan T, Zhang Y, Chu Y, Feng Y, Zhan W, Zhao C, Meunier FA, Liu Y, Li Y, Wang T. Actomyosin-II protects axons from degeneration induced by mild mechanical stress. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202206046. [PMID: 38713825 PMCID: PMC11076810 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202206046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Whether, to what extent, and how the axons in the central nervous system (CNS) can withstand sudden mechanical impacts remain unclear. By using a microfluidic device to apply controlled transverse mechanical stress to axons, we determined the stress levels that most axons can withstand and explored their instant responses at nanoscale resolution. We found mild stress triggers a highly reversible, rapid axon beading response, driven by actomyosin-II-dependent dynamic diameter modulations. This mechanism contributes to hindering the long-range spread of stress-induced Ca2+ elevations into non-stressed neuronal regions. Through pharmacological and molecular manipulations in vitro, we found that actomyosin-II inactivation diminishes the reversible beading process, fostering progressive Ca2+ spreading and thereby increasing acute axonal degeneration in stressed axons. Conversely, upregulating actomyosin-II activity prevents the progression of initial injury, protecting stressed axons from acute degeneration both in vitro and in vivo. Our study unveils the periodic actomyosin-II in axon shafts cortex as a novel protective mechanism, shielding neurons from detrimental effects caused by mechanical stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Pan
- The Brain Center, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqing Hu
- The Brain Center, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gaowei Lei
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences China, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaxuan Wei
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences China, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Li
- Division of Chemistry and Physical Biology, School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Tongshu Luan
- The Brain Center, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunfan Zhang
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences China, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chu
- The Brain Center, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Feng
- The Brain Center, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenrong Zhan
- The Brain Center, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxia Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Frédéric A. Meunier
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Yifan Liu
- Division of Chemistry and Physical Biology, School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Li
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences China, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Wang
- The Brain Center, School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
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5
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Qiao H, Deng X, Qiu L, Qu Y, Chiu Y, Chen F, Xia S, Muenzel C, Ge T, Zhang Z, Song P, Bonnin A, Zhao Z, Yuan W. SARS-CoV-2 induces blood-brain barrier and choroid plexus barrier impairments and vascular inflammation in mice. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29671. [PMID: 38747003 PMCID: PMC11446308 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to more than 700 million confirmed cases and nearly 7 million deaths. Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus mainly infects the respiratory system, neurological complications are widely reported in both acute infection and long-COVID cases. Despite the success of vaccines and antiviral treatments, neuroinvasiveness of SARS-CoV-2 remains an important question, which is also centered on the mystery of whether the virus is capable of breaching the barriers into the central nervous system. By studying the K18-hACE2 infection model, we observed clear evidence of microvascular damage and breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Mechanistically, SARS-CoV-2 infection caused pericyte damage, tight junction loss, endothelial activation and vascular inflammation, which together drive microvascular injury and BBB impairment. In addition, the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier at the choroid plexus was also impaired after infection. Therefore, cerebrovascular and choroid plexus dysfunctions are important aspects of COVID-19 and may contribute to neurological complications both acutely and in long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Qiao
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, USA
| | - Xiangxue Deng
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, USA
| | - Lingxi Qiu
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, USA
| | - Yafei Qu
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, USA
| | - Yuanpu Chiu
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, USA
| | - Feixiang Chen
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, USA
| | - Shangzhou Xia
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, USA
| | - Cheyene Muenzel
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, USA
| | - Tenghuan Ge
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, USA
| | - Zixin Zhang
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, USA
| | - Pengfei Song
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, the Department of Bioengineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Alexandre Bonnin
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, USA
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, USA
| | - Weiming Yuan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, USA
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6
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Boese M, Berman RY, Qiu J, Spencer HF, Radford KD, Choi KH. Effects of Mild Closed-Head Injury and Subanesthetic Ketamine Infusion on Microglia, Axonal Injury, and Synaptic Density in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4287. [PMID: 38673871 PMCID: PMC11050690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) affects millions of people in the U.S. Approximately 20-30% of those individuals develop adverse symptoms lasting at least 3 months. In a rat mTBI study, the closed-head impact model of engineered rotational acceleration (CHIMERA) produced significant axonal injury in the optic tract (OT), indicating white-matter damage. Because retinal ganglion cells project to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) in the thalamus through the OT, we hypothesized that synaptic density may be reduced in the LGN of rats following CHIMERA injury. A modified SEQUIN (synaptic evaluation and quantification by imaging nanostructure) method, combined with immunofluorescent double-labeling of pre-synaptic (synapsin) and post-synaptic (PSD-95) markers, was used to quantify synaptic density in the LGN. Microglial activation at the CHIMERA injury site was determined using Iba-1 immunohistochemistry. Additionally, the effects of ketamine, a potential neuroprotective drug, were evaluated in CHIMERA-induced mTBI. A single-session repetitive (ssr-) CHIMERA (3 impacts, 1.5 joule/impact) produced mild effects on microglial activation at the injury site, which was significantly enhanced by post-injury intravenous ketamine (10 mg/kg) infusion. However, ssr-CHIMERA did not alter synaptic density in the LGN, although ketamine produced a trend of reduction in synaptic density at post-injury day 4. Further research is necessary to characterize the effects of ssr-CHIMERA and subanesthetic doses of intravenous ketamine on different brain regions and multiple time points post-injury. The current study demonstrates the utility of the ssr-CHIMERA as a rodent model of mTBI, which researchers can use to identify biological mechanisms of mTBI and to develop improved treatment strategies for individuals suffering from head trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Boese
- Daniel K. Inouye Graduate School of Nursing, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (M.B.); (K.D.R.)
| | - Rina Y. Berman
- Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA;
| | - Jennifer Qiu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;
| | - Haley F. Spencer
- Program in Neuroscience, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA;
| | - Kennett D. Radford
- Daniel K. Inouye Graduate School of Nursing, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (M.B.); (K.D.R.)
| | - Kwang H. Choi
- Daniel K. Inouye Graduate School of Nursing, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (M.B.); (K.D.R.)
- Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA;
- Program in Neuroscience, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, F. E. Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
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7
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Sun M, Baker TL, Wilson CT, Brady RD, Yamakawa GR, Wright DK, Mychasiuk R, Vo A, Wilson T, Allen J, McDonald SJ, Shultz SR. Treatment with the vascular endothelial growth factor-A antibody, bevacizumab, has sex-specific effects in a rat model of mild traumatic brain injury. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:542-555. [PMID: 37933736 PMCID: PMC10981407 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231212377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) involves damage to the cerebrovascular system. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) is an important modulator of vascular health and VEGF-A promotes the brain's ability to recover after more severe forms of brain injury; however, the role of VEGF-A in mTBI remains poorly understood. Bevacizumab (BEV) is a monoclonal antibody that binds to VEGF-A and neutralises its actions. To better understand the role of VEGF-A in mTBI recovery, this study examined how BEV treatment affected outcomes in rats given a mTBI. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to sham-injury + vehicle treatment (VEH), sham-injury + BEV treatment, mTBI + VEH treatment, mTBI + BEV treatment groups. Treatment was administered intracerebroventricularly via a cannula beginning at the time of injury and continuing until the end of the study. Rats underwent behavioral testing after injury and were euthanized on day 11. In both females and males, BEV had a negative impact on cognitive function. mTBI and BEV treatment increased the expression of inflammatory markers in females. In males, BEV treatment altered markers related to hypoxia and vascular health. These novel findings of sex-specific responses to BEV and mTBI provide important insights into the role of VEGF-A in mTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujun Sun
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tamara L Baker
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Campbell T Wilson
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rhys D Brady
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Glenn R Yamakawa
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David K Wright
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Richelle Mychasiuk
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anh Vo
- Monash Health Translation Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Trevor Wilson
- Monash Health Translation Precinct, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Josh Allen
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stuart J McDonald
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sandy R Shultz
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Health Sciences, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, BC, Canada
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8
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Wei YC, Chen CK, Lin C, Shyu YC, Chen PY. Life After Traumatic Brain Injury: Effects on the Lifestyle and Quality of Life of Community-Dwelling Patients. Neurotrauma Rep 2024; 5:159-171. [PMID: 38463415 PMCID: PMC10924056 DOI: 10.1089/neur.2023.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Persons who have experienced traumatic brain injury (TBI) may encounter a range of changes in their physical, mental, and cognitive functions as well as high fatigue levels. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the challenges faced by persons after TBI, we conducted multi-domain assessments among community-dwelling persons with a history of TBI and compared them with age- and sex-matched controls from the Northeastern Taiwan Community Medicine Research Cohort between 2019 and 2021. A total of 168 persons with TBI and 672 non-TBI controls were not different in terms of demographics, comorbidities, and physiological features. However, compared with the non-TBI group, the TBI group had a distinct lifestyle that involved increased reliance on analgesics (6.9% vs. 15.0%, respectively; p = 0.001) and sleep aids (p = 0.008), which negatively affected their quality of life. Moreover, they consumed more coffee (p < 0.001), tea (p < 0.001), cigarettes (p = 0.002), and betel nuts (p = 0.032) than did the non-TBI group. Notably, the use of coffee had a positive effect on the quality of life of the TBI group (F = 4.034; p = 0.045). Further, compared with the non-TBI group, the TBI group had increased risks of sarcopenia (p = 0.003), malnutrition (p = 0.003), and anxiety (p = 0.029) and reduced blood levels of vitamin D (29.83 ± 10.39 vs. 24.20 ± 6.59 ng/mL, respectively; p < 0.001). Overall, the TBI group had a reduced health-related quality of life, with significant challenges related to physical health, mental well-being, social interactions, pain management, and fatigue levels. Moreover, the TBI group experienced poorer sleep quality and efficiency than did the non-TBI group. In conclusion, persons who have sustained brain injuries that require comprehensive and holistic care that includes lifestyle modification, mental and physical healthcare plans, and increased long-term support from their communities. ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT04839796).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chia Wei
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ken Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chemin Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chiau Shyu
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Yuan Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung, Taiwan
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9
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Boland R, Kokiko-Cochran ON. Deplete and repeat: microglial CSF1R inhibition and traumatic brain injury. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1352790. [PMID: 38450286 PMCID: PMC10915023 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1352790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a public health burden affecting millions of people. Sustained neuroinflammation after TBI is often associated with poor outcome. As a result, increased attention has been placed on the role of immune cells in post-injury recovery. Microglia are highly dynamic after TBI and play a key role in the post-injury neuroinflammatory response. Therefore, microglia represent a malleable post-injury target that could substantially influence long-term outcome after TBI. This review highlights the cell specific role of microglia in TBI pathophysiology. Microglia have been manipulated via genetic deletion, drug inhibition, and pharmacological depletion in various pre-clinical TBI models. Notably, colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) and its receptor (CSF1R) have gained much traction in recent years as a pharmacological target on microglia. CSF1R is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor that is essential for microglia proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Small molecule inhibitors targeting CSF1R result in a swift and effective depletion of microglia in rodents. Moreover, discontinuation of the inhibitors is sufficient for microglia repopulation. Attention is placed on summarizing studies that incorporate CSF1R inhibition of microglia. Indeed, microglia depletion affects multiple aspects of TBI pathophysiology, including neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and functional recovery with measurable influence on astrocytes, peripheral immune cells, and neurons. Taken together, the data highlight an important role for microglia in sustaining neuroinflammation and increasing risk of oxidative stress, which lends to neuronal damage and behavioral deficits chronically after TBI. Ultimately, the insights gained from CSF1R depletion of microglia are critical for understanding the temporospatial role that microglia develop in mediating TBI pathophysiology and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Boland
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Chronic Brain Injury Program, Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Olga N Kokiko-Cochran
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Chronic Brain Injury Program, Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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10
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Li Z, Wu J, Zhao T, Wei Y, Xu Y, Liu Z, Li X, Chen X. Microglial activation in spaceflight and microgravity: potential risk of cognitive dysfunction and poor neural health. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1296205. [PMID: 38425432 PMCID: PMC10902453 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1296205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the increased crewed spaceflights in recent years, it is vital to understand how the space environment affects human health. A lack of gravitational force is known to risk multiple physiological functions of astronauts, particularly damage to the central nervous system (CNS). As innate immune cells of the CNS, microglia can transition from a quiescent state to a pathological state, releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines that contribute to neuroinflammation. There are reports indicating that microglia can be activated by simulating microgravity or exposure to galactic cosmic rays (GCR). Consequently, microglia may play a role in the development of neuroinflammation during spaceflight. Prolonged spaceflight sessions raise concerns about the chronic activation of microglia, which could give rise to various neurological disorders, posing concealed risks to the neural health of astronauts. This review summarizes the risks associated with neural health owing to microglial activation and explores the stressors that trigger microglial activation in the space environment. These stressors include GCR, microgravity, and exposure to isolation and stress. Of particular focus is the activation of microglia under microgravity conditions, along with the proposal of a potential mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Li
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Antiviral Drugs, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiarui Wu
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Antiviral Drugs, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyuan Zhao
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Antiviral Drugs, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyun Wei
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Antiviral Drugs, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yajing Xu
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Antiviral Drugs, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zongjian Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xuechai Chen
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Antiviral Drugs, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
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11
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Wu Y, Wu H, Zeng J, Pluimer B, Dong S, Xie X, Guo X, Ge T, Liang X, Feng S, Yan Y, Chen JF, Maria NS, Ma Q, Gomez-Pinilla F, Zhao Z. Correction to: Mild traumatic brain injury induces microvascular injury and accelerates Alzheimer-like pathogenesis in mice. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:27. [PMID: 38360794 PMCID: PMC10870597 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01719-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yingxi Wu
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Haijian Wu
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianxiong Zeng
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brock Pluimer
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shirley Dong
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xiaochun Xie
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xinying Guo
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tenghuan Ge
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xinyan Liang
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sudi Feng
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Youzhen Yan
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jian-Fu Chen
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Naomi Sta Maria
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Qingyi Ma
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, 92350, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Fernando Gomez-Pinilla
- Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, 90095, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Room: 241, 1501 San Pablo Street, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 90033, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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12
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Yap RS, Kumar J, Teoh SL. Potential Neuroprotective Role of Neurotrophin in Traumatic Brain Injury. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:1189-1202. [PMID: 38279761 DOI: 10.2174/0118715273289222231219094225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major global health issue that affects millions of people every year. It is caused by any form of external force, resulting in temporary or permanent impairments in the brain. The pathophysiological process following TBI usually involves excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation, ischemia, and apoptotic cell death. It is challenging to find treatment for TBI due to its heterogeneous nature, and no therapeutic interventions have been approved thus far. Neurotrophins may represent an alternative approach for TBI treatment because they influence various functional activities in the brain. The present review highlights recent studies on neurotrophins shown to possess neuroprotective roles in TBI. Neurotrophins, specifically brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) have demonstrated reduced neuronal death, alleviated neuroinflammatory responses and improved neurological functions following TBI via their immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Further studies are required to ensure the efficacy and safety of neurotrophins to be used as TBI treatment in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei Shian Yap
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jaya Kumar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Seong Lin Teoh
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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13
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Guo Y, Wang S, Li L, Zhang H, Chen X, Huang Z, Liu Y. Immunoproteasome Subunit Low Molecular Mass Peptide 2 (LMP2) Deficiency Ameliorates LPS/Aβ 1-42-Induced Neuroinflammation. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:28-41. [PMID: 37568045 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03564-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Low molecular mass peptide 2 (LMP2) is the β1i subunit of immunoproteasome (iP) which plays a key role in neuroinflammatory responses, and inhibition of iP exhibits a high neuroprotective action against neurodegenerative diseases. Since neuroinflammation has been shown to be involved in the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory role of LMP2 deficiency in AD in vivo and in vitro. Here, we found that LMP2 was upregulated in the brains of 5 × FAD and APP/PS1 mice and increased with age in C57/BL6 mice. We showed that the lack of LMP2 significantly decreased NLRP3 expression and downstream cytokine release in microglia, resulting in partially blocking Aβ1-42- or LPS-induced inflammation in vivo and in vitro, which ameliorated cognitive deficits in aged rats and D-galactose + Aβ1-42-treated rats. These results suggest that LMP2 contributes to the regulation of LPS-or Aβ-driven innate immune responses by diminishing NLRP3 expression and clarify that inhibition of iP function may mediate the inflammatory-related cognitive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueting Guo
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University/School of Basic Medical Science, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, 350122, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shiyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University/School of Basic Medical Science, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, 350122, Fujian Province, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou City, 350122, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, 350122, Fujian Province, China
| | - Hengce Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University/School of Basic Medical Science, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, 350122, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xiaoyang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University/School of Basic Medical Science, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, 350122, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zihan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University/School of Basic Medical Science, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, 350122, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University/School of Basic Medical Science, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, 350122, Fujian Province, China.
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14
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Tian Z, Cao Z, Yang E, Li J, Liao D, Wang F, Wang T, Zhang Z, Zhang H, Jiang X, Li X, Luo P. Quantitative proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses of the hippocampus reveal the involvement of NMDAR1 signaling in repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:2711-2719. [PMID: 37449635 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.374654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The cumulative damage caused by repetitive mild traumatic brain injury can cause long-term neurodegeneration leading to cognitive impairment. This cognitive impairment is thought to result specifically from damage to the hippocampus. In this study, we detected cognitive impairment in mice 6 weeks after repetitive mild traumatic brain injury using the novel object recognition test and the Morris water maze test. Immunofluorescence staining showed that p-tau expression was increased in the hippocampus after repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. Golgi staining showed a significant decrease in the total density of neuronal dendritic spines in the hippocampus, as well as in the density of mature dendritic spines. To investigate the specific molecular mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment due to hippocampal damage, we performed proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses of the hippocampus with and without repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. The differentially expressed proteins were mainly enriched in inflammation, immunity, and coagulation, suggesting that non-neuronal cells are involved in the pathological changes that occur in the hippocampus in the chronic stage after repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. In contrast, differentially expressed phosphorylated proteins were mainly enriched in pathways related to neuronal function and structure, which is more consistent with neurodegeneration. We identified N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 as a hub molecule involved in the response to repetitive mild traumatic brain injury , and western blotting showed that, while N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 expression was not altered in the hippocampus after repetitive mild traumatic brain injury, its phosphorylation level was significantly increased, which is consistent with the omics results. Administration of GRP78608, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 antagonist, to the hippocampus markedly improved repetitive mild traumatic brain injury-induced cognitive impairment. In conclusion, our findings suggest that N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 signaling in the hippocampus is involved in cognitive impairment in the chronic stage after repetitive mild traumatic brain injury and may be a potential target for intervention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zixuan Cao
- The Sixth Regiment, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Erwan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Dan Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an; Medical Experiment Center, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Taozhi Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province; Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhuoyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University; School of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Haofuzi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaofan Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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15
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Krieg JL, Leonard AV, Turner RJ, Corrigan F. Identifying the Phenotypes of Diffuse Axonal Injury Following Traumatic Brain Injury. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1607. [PMID: 38002566 PMCID: PMC10670443 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13111607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is a significant feature of traumatic brain injury (TBI) across all injury severities and is driven by the primary mechanical insult and secondary biochemical injury phases. Axons comprise an outer cell membrane, the axolemma which is anchored to the cytoskeletal network with spectrin tetramers and actin rings. Neurofilaments act as space-filling structural polymers that surround the central core of microtubules, which facilitate axonal transport. TBI has differential effects on these cytoskeletal components, with axons in the same white matter tract showing a range of different cytoskeletal and axolemma alterations with different patterns of temporal evolution. These require different antibodies for detection in post-mortem tissue. Here, a comprehensive discussion of the evolution of axonal injury within different cytoskeletal elements is provided, alongside the most appropriate methods of detection and their temporal profiles. Accumulation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) as a result of disruption of axonal transport due to microtubule failure remains the most sensitive marker of axonal injury, both acutely and chronically. However, a subset of injured axons demonstrate different pathology, which cannot be detected via APP immunoreactivity, including degradation of spectrin and alterations in neurofilaments. Furthermore, recent work has highlighted the node of Ranvier and the axon initial segment as particularly vulnerable sites to axonal injury, with loss of sodium channels persisting beyond the acute phase post-injury in axons without APP pathology. Given the heterogenous response of axons to TBI, further characterization is required in the chronic phase to understand how axonal injury evolves temporally, which may help inform pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Frances Corrigan
- Translational Neuropathology Laboratory, School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia; (J.L.K.)
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16
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Chiang W, Urban JM, Yanchik-Slade F, Stout A, Nilsson BL, Gelbard HA, Krauss TD. Hybrid Amyloid Quantum Dot Nanoassemblies to Probe Neuroinflammatory Damage. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.30.555592. [PMID: 37693630 PMCID: PMC10491264 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.30.555592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Various oligomeric species of amyloid-beta have been proposed to play different immunogenic roles in the cellular pathology of Alzheimer's Disease. However, investigating the role of a homogenous single oligomeric species has been difficult due to highly dynamic oligomerization and fibril formation kinetics that convert between many species. Here we report the design and construction of a quantum dot mimetic for larger spherical oligomeric amyloid species as an "endogenously" fluorescent proxy for this cytotoxic species to investigate its role in inducing inflammatory and stress response states in neuronal and glial cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Chiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642
| | - Jennifer M. Urban
- Department of Chemistry, Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United States
| | | | - Angela Stout
- Center for Neurotherapeutics Discovery and Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642
| | | | - Harris A. Gelbard
- Center for Neurotherapeutics Discovery and Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642
- Departments of Pediatrics, Neuroscience, and Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642
| | - Todd D. Krauss
- Department of Chemistry, Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United States
- The Institute of Optics, Rochester, New York 14627-0216, United States
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17
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Buenaventura RG, Harvey AC, Burns MP, Main BS. Traumatic brain injury induces an adaptive immune response in the meningeal transcriptome that is amplified by aging. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1210175. [PMID: 37588516 PMCID: PMC10425597 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1210175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a major cause of disability and mortality, particularly among the elderly, yet our mechanistic understanding of how age renders the post-traumatic brain vulnerable to poor clinical outcomes and susceptible to neurological disease remains poorly understood. It is well established that dysregulated and sustained immune responses contribute to negative outcomes after TBI, however our understanding of the interactions between central and peripheral immune reservoirs is still unclear. The meninges serve as the interface between the brain and the immune system, facilitating important bi-directional roles in healthy and disease settings. It has been previously shown that disruption of this system exacerbates inflammation in age related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, however we have an incomplete understanding of how the meningeal compartment influences immune responses after TBI. Here, we examine the meningeal tissue and its response to brain injury in young (3-months) and aged (18-months) mice. Utilizing a bioinformatic approach, high-throughput RNA sequencing demonstrates alterations in the meningeal transcriptome at sub-acute (7-days) and chronic (1 month) timepoints after injury. We find that age alone chronically exacerbates immunoglobulin production and B cell responses. After TBI, adaptive immune response genes are up-regulated in a temporal manner, with genes involved in T cell responses elevated sub-acutely, followed by increases in B cell related genes at chronic time points after injury. Pro-inflammatory cytokines are also implicated as contributing to the immune response in the meninges, with ingenuity pathway analysis identifying interferons as master regulators in aged mice compared to young mice following TBI. Collectively these data demonstrate the temporal series of meningeal specific signatures, providing insights into how age leads to worse neuroinflammatory outcomes in TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bevan S. Main
- Laboratory for Brain Injury and Dementia, Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
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18
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Abstract
Pericytes are specialized cells located in close proximity to endothelial cells within the microvasculature. They play a crucial role in regulating blood flow, stabilizing vessel walls, and maintaining the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. The loss of pericytes has been associated with the development and progression of various diseases, such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, sepsis, stroke, and traumatic brain injury. This review examines the detection of pericyte loss in different diseases, explores the methods employed to assess pericyte coverage, and elucidates the potential mechanisms contributing to pericyte loss in these pathological conditions. Additionally, current therapeutic strategies targeting pericytes are discussed, along with potential future interventions aimed at preserving pericyte function and promoting disease mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongkuan Fan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
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19
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Rosen G, Kirsch D, Horowitz S, Cherry JD, Nicks R, Kelley H, Uretsky M, Dell'Aquila K, Mathias R, Cormier KA, Kubilus CA, Mez J, Tripodis Y, Stein TD, Alvarez VE, Alosco ML, McKee AC, Huber BR. Three dimensional evaluation of cerebrovascular density and branching in chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:123. [PMID: 37491342 PMCID: PMC10369801 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01612-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with exposure to repetitive head impacts (RHI) and characterized by perivascular accumulations of hyperphosphorylated tau protein (p-tau) at the depths of the cortical sulci. Studies of living athletes exposed to RHI, including concussive and nonconcussive impacts, have shown increased blood-brain barrier permeability, reduced cerebral blood flow, and alterations in vasoreactivity. Blood-brain barrier abnormalities have also been reported in individuals neuropathologically diagnosed with CTE. To further investigate the three-dimensional microvascular changes in individuals diagnosed with CTE and controls, we used SHIELD tissue processing and passive delipidation to optically clear and label blocks of postmortem human dorsolateral frontal cortex. We used fluorescent confocal microscopy to quantitate vascular branch density and fraction volume. We compared the findings in 41 male brain donors, age at death 31-89 years, mean age 64 years, including 12 donors with low CTE (McKee stage I-II), 13 with high CTE (McKee stage III-IV) to 16 age- and sex-matched non-CTE controls (7 with RHI exposure and 9 with no RHI exposure). The density of vessel branches in the gray matter sulcus was significantly greater in CTE cases than in controls. The ratios of sulcus versus gyrus vessel branch density and fraction volume were also greater in CTE than in controls and significantly above one for the CTE group. Hyperphosphorylated tau pathology density correlated with gray matter sulcus fraction volume. These findings point towards increased vascular coverage and branching in the dorsolateral frontal cortex (DLF) sulci in CTE, that correlates with p-tau pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Rosen
- VA Boston Healthcare System, US Department of Veterans Affairs, 150 S Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
- National Center for PTSD, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Kirsch
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Sarah Horowitz
- VA Boston Healthcare System, US Department of Veterans Affairs, 150 S Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
- National Center for PTSD, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan D Cherry
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Boston University CTE Center, Boston, USA
| | - Raymond Nicks
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Boston University CTE Center, Boston, USA
| | - Hunter Kelley
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Boston University CTE Center, Boston, USA
| | - Madeline Uretsky
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Boston University CTE Center, Boston, USA
| | - Kevin Dell'Aquila
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Boston University CTE Center, Boston, USA
| | - Rebecca Mathias
- VA Boston Healthcare System, US Department of Veterans Affairs, 150 S Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Kerry A Cormier
- VA Boston Healthcare System, US Department of Veterans Affairs, 150 S Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Boston University CTE Center, Boston, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Bedford, MA, USA
| | - Caroline A Kubilus
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Boston University CTE Center, Boston, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Bedford, MA, USA
| | - Jesse Mez
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Boston University CTE Center, Boston, USA
| | - Yorghos Tripodis
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Boston University CTE Center, Boston, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Thor D Stein
- VA Boston Healthcare System, US Department of Veterans Affairs, 150 S Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Boston University CTE Center, Boston, USA
| | - Victor E Alvarez
- VA Boston Healthcare System, US Department of Veterans Affairs, 150 S Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Boston University CTE Center, Boston, USA
| | - Michael L Alosco
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Boston University CTE Center, Boston, USA
| | - Ann C McKee
- VA Boston Healthcare System, US Department of Veterans Affairs, 150 S Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Boston University CTE Center, Boston, USA
- VA Bedford Healthcare System, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Bedford, MA, USA
| | - Bertrand R Huber
- VA Boston Healthcare System, US Department of Veterans Affairs, 150 S Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02130, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, USA.
- Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Boston University CTE Center, Boston, USA.
- National Center for PTSD, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Boston, MA, USA.
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20
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Dai Y, Dong J, Wu Y, Zhu M, Xiong W, Li H, Zhao Y, Hammock BD, Zhu X. Enhancement of the liver's neuroprotective role ameliorates traumatic brain injury pathology. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2301360120. [PMID: 37339206 PMCID: PMC10293829 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2301360120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a pervasive problem worldwide for which no effective treatment is currently available. Although most studies have focused on the pathology of the injured brain, we have noted that the liver plays an important role in TBI. Using two mouse models of TBI, we found that the enzymatic activity of hepatic soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) was rapidly decreased and then returned to normal levels following TBI, whereas such changes were not observed in the kidney, heart, spleen, or lung. Interestingly, genetic downregulation of hepatic Ephx2 (which encodes sEH) ameliorates TBI-induced neurological deficits and promotes neurological function recovery, whereas overexpression of hepatic sEH exacerbates TBI-associated neurological impairments. Furthermore, hepatic sEH ablation was found to promote the generation of A2 phenotype astrocytes and facilitate the production of various neuroprotective factors associated with astrocytes following TBI. We also observed an inverted V-shaped alteration in the plasma levels of four EET (epoxyeicosatrienoic acid) isoforms (5,6-, 8,9-,11,12-, and 14,15-EET) following TBI which were negatively correlated with hepatic sEH activity. However, hepatic sEH manipulation bidirectionally regulates the plasma levels of 14,15-EET, which rapidly crosses the blood-brain barrier. Additionally, we found that the application of 14,15-EET mimicked the neuroprotective effect of hepatic sEH ablation, while 14,15-epoxyeicosa-5(Z)-enoic acid blocked this effect, indicating that the increased plasma levels of 14,15-EET mediated the neuroprotective effect observed after hepatic sEH ablation. These results highlight the neuroprotective role of the liver in TBI and suggest that targeting hepatic EET signaling could represent a promising therapeutic strategy for treating TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Dai
- School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510515, China
- Research Center for Brain Health, Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou510330, China
| | - Jinghua Dong
- School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510515, China
- Research Center for Brain Health, Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou510330, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Research Center for Brain Health, Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou510330, China
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
| | - Minzhen Zhu
- Research Center for Brain Health, Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou510330, China
| | - Wenchao Xiong
- School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510515, China
| | - Huanyu Li
- Research Center for Brain Health, Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou510330, China
| | - Yulu Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510515, China
- Research Center for Brain Health, Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou510330, China
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA95616
- University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA95616
| | - Xinhong Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou510515, China
- Research Center for Brain Health, Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou510330, China
- School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, China
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510006, China
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21
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Barker S, Paul BD, Pieper AA. Increased Risk of Aging-Related Neurodegenerative Disease after Traumatic Brain Injury. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1154. [PMID: 37189772 PMCID: PMC10135798 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors frequently suffer from chronically progressive complications, including significantly increased risk of developing aging-related neurodegenerative disease. As advances in neurocritical care increase the number of TBI survivors, the impact and awareness of this problem are growing. The mechanisms by which TBI increases the risk of developing aging-related neurodegenerative disease, however, are not completely understood. As a result, there are no protective treatments for patients. Here, we review the current literature surrounding the epidemiology and potential mechanistic relationships between brain injury and aging-related neurodegenerative disease. In addition to increasing the risk for developing all forms of dementia, the most prominent aging-related neurodegenerative conditions that are accelerated by TBI are amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD), with ALS and FTD being the least well-established. Mechanistic links between TBI and all forms of dementia that are reviewed include oxidative stress, dysregulated proteostasis, and neuroinflammation. Disease-specific mechanistic links with TBI that are reviewed include TAR DNA binding protein 43 and motor cortex lesions in ALS and FTD; alpha-synuclein, dopaminergic cell death, and synergistic toxin exposure in PD; and brain insulin resistance, amyloid beta pathology, and tau pathology in AD. While compelling mechanistic links have been identified, significantly expanded investigation in the field is needed to develop therapies to protect TBI survivors from the increased risk of aging-related neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Barker
- Center for Brain Health Medicines, Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Geriatric Psychiatry, GRECC, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Bindu D. Paul
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21211, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21211, USA
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21211, USA
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Andrew A. Pieper
- Center for Brain Health Medicines, Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Geriatric Psychiatry, GRECC, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Translational Therapeutics Core, Cleveland Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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22
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Chen C. Inhibiting degradation of 2-arachidonoylglycerol as a therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 244:108394. [PMID: 36966972 PMCID: PMC10123871 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Endocannabinoids are endogenous lipid signaling mediators that participate in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) is the most abundant endocannabinoid and is a full agonist of G-protein-coupled cannabinoid receptors (CB1R and CB2R), which are targets of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), the main psychoactive ingredient in cannabis. While 2-AG has been well recognized as a retrograde messenger modulating synaptic transmission and plasticity at both inhibitory GABAergic and excitatory glutamatergic synapses in the brain, growing evidence suggests that 2-AG also functions as an endogenous terminator of neuroinflammation in response to harmful insults, thus maintaining brain homeostasis. Monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) is the key enzyme that degrades 2-AG in the brain. The immediate metabolite of 2-AG is arachidonic acid (AA), a precursor of prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes. Several lines of evidence indicate that pharmacological or genetic inactivation of MAGL, which boosts 2-AG levels and reduces its hydrolytic metabolites, resolves neuroinflammation, mitigates neuropathology, and improves synaptic and cognitive functions in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease (PD), and traumatic brain injury (TBI)-induced neurodegenerative disease. Thus, it has been proposed that MAGL is a potential therapeutic target for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. As the main enzyme hydrolyzing 2-AG, several MAGL inhibitors have been identified and developed. However, our understanding of the mechanisms by which inactivation of MAGL produces neuroprotective effects in neurodegenerative diseases remains limited. A recent finding that inhibition of 2-AG metabolism in astrocytes, but not in neurons, protects the brain from TBI-induced neuropathology might shed some light on this unsolved issue. This review provides an overview of MAGL as a potential therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases and discusses possible mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of restraining degradation of 2-AG in the brain.
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23
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Whitehead B, Velazquez-Cruz R, Albowaidey A, Zhang N, Karelina K, Weil ZM. Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Induces Time- and Sex-Dependent Cerebrovascular Dysfunction and Stroke Vulnerability. J Neurotrauma 2023; 40:578-591. [PMID: 36322789 PMCID: PMC9986031 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2022.0335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) produces subtle cerebrovascular impairments that persist over time and promote increased ischemic stroke vulnerability. We recently established a role for vascular impairments in exacerbating stroke outcomes 1 week after TBI, but there is a lack of research regarding long-term impacts of mTBI-induced vascular dysfunction, as well as a significant need to understand how mTBI promotes stroke vulnerability in both males and females. Here, we present data using a mild closed head TBI model and an experimental stroke occurring either 7 or 28 days later in both male and female mice. We report that mTBI induces larger stroke volumes 7 days after injury, however, this increased vulnerability to stroke persists out to 28 days in female but not male mice. Importantly, mTBI-induced changes in blood-brain barrier permeability, intravascular coagulation, angiogenic factors, total vascular area, and glial expression were differentially altered across time and by sex. Taken together, these data suggest that mTBI can result in persistent cerebrovascular dysfunction and increased susceptibility to worsened ischemic outcomes, although these dysfunctions occur differently in male and female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey Whitehead
- Department of Neuroscience and Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Ruth Velazquez-Cruz
- Department of Neuroscience and Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Ali Albowaidey
- Department of Neuroscience and Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience and Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Kate Karelina
- Department of Neuroscience and Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Zachary M. Weil
- Department of Neuroscience and Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
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24
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Dodd WS, Panther EJ, Pierre K, Hernandez JS, Patel D, Lucke-Wold B. Traumatic Brain Injury and Secondary Neurodegenerative Disease. TRAUMA CARE 2022; 2:510-522. [PMID: 36211982 PMCID: PMC9541088 DOI: 10.3390/traumacare2040042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a devastating event with severe long-term complications. TBI and its sequelae are one of the leading causes of death and disability in those under 50 years old. The full extent of secondary brain injury is still being intensely investigated; however, it is now clear that neurotrauma can incite chronic neurodegenerative processes. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy, Parkinson's disease, and many other neurodegenerative syndromes have all been associated with a history of traumatic brain injury. The complex nature of these pathologies can make clinical assessment, diagnosis, and treatment challenging. The goal of this review is to provide a concise appraisal of the literature with focus on emerging strategies to improve clinical outcomes. First, we review the pathways involved in the pathogenesis of neurotrauma-related neurodegeneration and discuss the clinical implications of this rapidly evolving field. Next, because clinical evaluation and neuroimaging are essential to the diagnosis and management of neurodegenerative diseases, we analyze the clinical investigations that are transforming these areas of research. Finally, we briefly review some of the preclinical therapies that have shown the most promise in improving outcomes after neurotrauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- William S. Dodd
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Eric J. Panther
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Kevin Pierre
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Jairo S. Hernandez
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Devan Patel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Brandon Lucke-Wold
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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25
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Fan LS, Chen YC, Liao RJ, Zhao YY, Zhang XN, Chen Z, Jiang L, Hu WW. Antagonism of histamine H 3 receptor promotes angiogenesis following focal cerebral ischemia. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:2807-2816. [PMID: 35581293 PMCID: PMC9622736 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00916-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study showed that H3 receptor antagonists reduced neuronal apoptosis and cerebral infarction in the acute stage after cerebral ischemia, but through an action independent of activation of histaminergic neurons. Because enhanced angiogenesis facilitates neurogenesis and neurological recovery after ischemic stroke, we herein investigated whether antagonism of H3R promoted angiogenesis after brain ischemia. Photothrombotic stroke was induced in mice. We showed that administration of H3R antagonist thioperamide (THIO, 10 mg·kg-1·d-1, i.p., from D1 after cerebral ischemia) significantly improved angiogenesis assessed on D14, and attenuated neurological defects on D28 after cerebral ischemia. Compared with wild-type mice, Hrh3-/- mice displayed more blood vessels in the ischemic boundary zone on D14, and THIO administration did not promote angiogenesis in these knockout mice. THIO-promoted angiogenesis in mice was reversed by i.c.v. injection of H3R agonist immepip, but not by H1 and H2 receptor antagonists, histidine decarboxylase inhibitor α-fluoromethylhistidine, or histidine decarboxylase gene knockout (HDC-/-), suggesting that THIO-promoted angiogenesis was independent of activation of histaminergic neurons. In vascular endothelial cells (bEnd.3), THIO (10-9-10-7 M) dose-dependently facilitated cell migration and tube formation after oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD), and H3R knockdown caused similar effects. We further revealed that H3R antagonism reduced the interaction between H3R and Annexin A2, while knockdown of Annexin A2 abrogated THIO-promoted angiogenesis in bEnd.3 cells after OGD. Annexin A2-overexpressing mice displayed more blood vessels in the ischemic boundary zone, which was reversed by i.c.v. injection of immepip. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that H3R antagonism promotes angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia, which is independent of activation of histaminergic neurons, but related to the H3R on vascular endothelial cells and its interaction with Annexin A2. Thus, H3R antagonists might be promising drug candidates to improve angiogenesis and neurological recovery after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Shi Fan
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Anatomy, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - You-Chao Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Anatomy, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Ru-Jia Liao
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Anatomy, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Yan-Yan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Anatomy, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Xiang-Nan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Anatomy, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Anatomy, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Anatomy, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
| | - Wei-Wei Hu
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Anatomy, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
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26
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Li TR, Liu FQ. β-Amyloid promotes platelet activation and activated platelets act as bridge between risk factors and Alzheimer's disease. Mech Ageing Dev 2022; 207:111725. [PMID: 35995275 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an evolving challenge that places an enormous burden on families and society. The presence of obvious brain β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition is a premise to diagnose AD, which induces the subsequent tau hyperphosphorylation and neurodegeneration. Platelets are the primary source of circulating amyloid precursor protein (APP). Upon activation, they can secrete significant amounts of Aβ into the blood, which can be actively transported to the brain across the blood-brain barrier and promote amyloid deposition. In this review, we summarized the changes in the platelet APP metabolic pathway in patients with AD and further comprehensively explored the targets and downstream events of Aβ-activated platelets. In addition, we attempted to clarify whether patients with AD are in a state of general platelet activation, with inconsistent results. Considering the increasingly evident bidirectional relationship between AD and vascular events, we speculate that the AD pathology alone seems to be insufficient to induce the general activation of platelets; however, the intervention of third-party factors, such as atherosclerosis, exposes the extracellular matrix and leads to platelet activation, further promoting AD progression. Therefore, we proposed a framework in which the relationship between platelets and AD is indirect and mediated by vascular factors. Therapies targeting platelets and interventions for vascular risk factors are likely to contribute to the prevention and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao-Ran Li
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Feng-Qi Liu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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27
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TDP-43 drives synaptic and cognitive deterioration following traumatic brain injury. Acta Neuropathol 2022; 144:187-210. [PMID: 35713704 PMCID: PMC9945325 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-022-02449-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been recognized as an important risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the molecular mechanisms by which TBI contributes to developing AD remain unclear. Here, we provide evidence that aberrant production of TDP-43 is a key factor in promoting AD neuropathology and synaptic and cognitive deterioration in mouse models of mild closed head injury (CHI). We observed that a single mild CHI is sufficient to exacerbate AD neuropathology and accelerate synaptic and cognitive deterioration in APP transgenic mice but repeated mild CHI are required to induce neuropathological changes and impairments in synaptic plasticity, spatial learning, and memory retention in wild-type animals. Importantly, these changes in animals exposed to a single or repeated mild CHI are alleviated by silencing of TDP-43 but reverted by rescue of the TDP-43 knockdown. Moreover, overexpression of TDP-43 in the hippocampus aggravates AD neuropathology and provokes cognitive impairment in APP transgenic mice, mimicking single mild CHI-induced changes. We further discovered that neuroinflammation triggered by TBI promotes NF-κB-mediated transcription and expression of TDP-43, which in turn stimulates tau phosphorylation and Aβ formation. Our findings suggest that excessive production of TDP-43 plays an important role in exacerbating AD neuropathology and in driving synaptic and cognitive declines following TBI.
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28
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Kennedy E, Panahi S, Stewart IJ, Tate DF, Wilde EA, Kenney K, Werner JK, Gill J, Diaz-Arrastia R, Amuan M, Van Cott AC, Pugh MJ. Traumatic Brain Injury and Early Onset Dementia in Post 9-11 Veterans. Brain Inj 2022; 36:620-627. [DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2022.2033846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eamonn Kennedy
- Va Salt Lake City Health Care System, Informatics, Decision-Enhancement and Analytic Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Samin Panahi
- Va Salt Lake City Health Care System, Informatics, Decision-Enhancement and Analytic Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Ian J. Stewart
- Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - David F. Tate
- Va Salt Lake City Health Care System, Informatics, Decision-Enhancement and Analytic Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Elisabeth A. Wilde
- Va Salt Lake City Health Care System, Informatics, Decision-Enhancement and Analytic Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Kimbra Kenney
- Department of Neurology, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - J. Kent Werner
- Department of Neurology, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jessica Gill
- John Hopkins, School of Nursing and Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ramon Diaz-Arrastia
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Megan Amuan
- Va Salt Lake City Health Care System, Informatics, Decision-Enhancement and Analytic Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Anne C. Van Cott
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- VA Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mary Jo Pugh
- Va Salt Lake City Health Care System, Informatics, Decision-Enhancement and Analytic Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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29
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Guo X, Zhao Z. Vascular inflammation in the central nervous system. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:1728-1730. [PMID: 35017421 PMCID: PMC8820715 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.332140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Guo
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute and Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Regeneration, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute and Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Clark AT, Abrahamson EE, Harper MM, Ikonomovic MD. Chronic effects of blast injury on the microvasculature in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease related Aβ amyloidosis. Fluids Barriers CNS 2022; 19:5. [PMID: 35012589 PMCID: PMC8751260 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-021-00301-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered cerebrovascular function and accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) after traumatic brain injury (TBI) can contribute to chronic neuropathology and increase the risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). TBI due to a blast-induced shock wave (bTBI) adversely affects the neurovascular unit (NVU) during the acute period after injury. However, the chronic effects of bTBI and Aβ on cellular components of the NVU and capillary network are not well understood. METHODS We exposed young adult (age range: 76-106 days) female transgenic (Tg) APP/PS1 mice, a model of AD-like Aβ amyloidosis, and wild type (Wt) mice to a single bTBI (~ 138 kPa or ~ 20 psi) or to a Sham procedure. At 3-months or 12-months survival after exposure, we quantified neocortical Aβ load in Tg mice, and percent contact area between aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-immunoreactive astrocytic end-feet and brain capillaries, numbers of PDGFRβ-immunoreactive pericytes, and capillary densities in both genotypes. RESULTS The astroglia AQP4-capillary contact area in the Tg-bTBI group was significantly lower than in the Tg-Sham group at 3-months survival. No significant changes in the AQP4-capillary contact area were observed in the Tg-bTBI group at 12-months survival or in the Wt groups. Capillary density in the Tg-bTBI group at 12-months survival was significantly higher compared to the Tg-Sham control and to the Tg-bTBI 3-months survival group. The Wt-bTBI group had significantly lower capillary density and pericyte numbers at 12-months survival compared to 3-months survival. When pericytes were quantified relative to capillary density, no significant differences were detected among the experimental groups, for both genotypes. CONCLUSION In conditions of high brain concentrations of human Aβ, bTBI exposure results in reduced AQP4 expression at the astroglia-microvascular interface, and in chronic capillary proliferation like what has been reported in AD. Long term microvascular changes after bTBI may contribute to the risk for developing chronic neurodegenerative disease later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T. Clark
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3471 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Eric E. Abrahamson
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, University Drive C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3471 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Matthew M. Harper
- The Iowa City VA Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Visual Loss, 601 Hwy 6 West, Iowa City, IA 52246 USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Biology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Milos D. Ikonomovic
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, University Drive C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3471 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Thomas Detre Hall of the WPH, Room 1421, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-2593 USA
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Takata F, Nakagawa S, Matsumoto J, Dohgu S. Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction Amplifies the Development of Neuroinflammation: Understanding of Cellular Events in Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells for Prevention and Treatment of BBB Dysfunction. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:661838. [PMID: 34588955 PMCID: PMC8475767 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.661838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is involved in the onset or progression of various neurodegenerative diseases. Initiation of neuroinflammation is triggered by endogenous substances (damage-associated molecular patterns) and/or exogenous pathogens. Activation of glial cells (microglia and astrocytes) is widely recognized as a hallmark of neuroinflammation and triggers the release of proinflammatory cytokines, leading to neurotoxicity and neuronal dysfunction. Another feature associated with neuroinflammatory diseases is impairment of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB, which is composed of brain endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, maintains brain homeostasis and protects neurons. Impairment of this barrier allows trafficking of immune cells or plasma proteins into the brain parenchyma and subsequent inflammatory processes in the brain. Besides neurons, activated glial cells also affect BBB integrity. Therefore, BBB dysfunction can amplify neuroinflammation and act as a key process in the development of neuroinflammation. BBB integrity is determined by the integration of multiple signaling pathways within brain endothelial cells through intercellular communication between brain endothelial cells and brain perivascular cells (pericytes, astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes). For prevention of BBB disruption, both cellular components, such as signaling molecules in brain endothelial cells, and non-cellular components, such as inflammatory mediators released by perivascular cells, should be considered. Thus, understanding of intracellular signaling pathways that disrupt the BBB can provide novel treatments for neurological diseases associated with neuroinflammation. In this review, we discuss current knowledge regarding the underlying mechanisms involved in BBB impairment by inflammatory mediators released by perivascular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyuko Takata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Nakagawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junichi Matsumoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shinya Dohgu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Toutonji A, Mandava M, Guglietta S, Tomlinson S. Chronic complement dysregulation drives neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury: a transcriptomic study. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2021; 9:126. [PMID: 34281628 PMCID: PMC8287781 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01226-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the complement system propagates neuroinflammation and brain damage early and chronically after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The complement system is complex and comprises more than 50 components, many of which remain to be characterized in the normal and injured brain. Moreover, complement therapeutic studies have focused on a limited number of histopathological outcomes, which while informative, do not assess the effect of complement inhibition on neuroprotection and inflammation in a comprehensive manner. Using high throughput gene expression technology (NanoString), we simultaneously analyzed complement gene expression profiles with other neuroinflammatory pathway genes at different time points after TBI. We additionally assessed the effects of complement inhibition on neuropathological processes. Analyses of neuroinflammatory genes were performed at days 3, 7, and 28 post injury in male C57BL/6 mice following a controlled cortical impact injury. We also characterized the expression of 59 complement genes at similar time points, and also at 1- and 2-years post injury. Overall, TBI upregulated the expression of markers of astrogliosis, immune cell activation, and cellular stress, and downregulated the expression of neuronal and synaptic markers from day 3 through 28 post injury. Moreover, TBI upregulated gene expression across most complement activation and effector pathways, with an early emphasis on classical pathway genes and with continued upregulation of C2, C3 and C4 expression 2 years post injury. Treatment using the targeted complement inhibitor, CR2-Crry, significantly ameliorated TBI-induced transcriptomic changes at all time points. Nevertheless, some immune and synaptic genes remained dysregulated with CR2-Crry treatment, suggesting adjuvant anti-inflammatory and neurotropic therapy may confer additional neuroprotection. In addition to characterizing complement gene expression in the normal and aging brain, our results demonstrate broad and chronic dysregulation of the complement system after TBI, and strengthen the view that the complement system is an attractive target for TBI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer Toutonji
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, BSB 204, MSC 504, Charleston, SC 29425 USA
| | - Mamatha Mandava
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, BSB 204, MSC 504, Charleston, SC 29425 USA
| | - Silvia Guglietta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, BSB 204, MSC 504, Charleston, SC 29425 USA
| | - Stephen Tomlinson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, BSB 204, MSC 504, Charleston, SC 29425 USA
- Ralph Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401 USA
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Zhao Z, Zlokovic BV. Acetylated tau: A missing link between head injury and dementia. MED 2021; 2:637-639. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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