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Freitas M, Ribeiro D, Janela JS, Varela CL, Costa SC, da Silva ET, Fernandes E, Roleira FMF. Plant-derived and dietary phenolic cinnamic acid derivatives: Anti-inflammatory properties. Food Chem 2024; 459:140080. [PMID: 38986205 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Cinnamic acids are aromatic acids primarily found in plants and plant-derived food. Phenolic cinnamic acids, with one or more hydroxyl groups in the aromatic ring, often contribute to the biological activities attributed to these compounds. The presence of hydroxyl groups and a carboxyl group makes cinnamic acids very hydrophilic, preventing them from crossing biological membranes and exerting their biological activities. To alleviate this condition, a panel of synthetic modifications have been made leading to a diverse set of phenolic cinnamic structures. In this review, an overview of the natural phenolic cinnamic acid derivatives and their plant sources (more than 200) is described. The synthetic approaches to obtain the referred derivatives (more than 200) namely esters and amides are reviewed. Further, their anti-inflammatory activity (more than 70 compounds) is scrutinized. Finally, future directions will be indicated to translate the research on phenolic cinnamic derivatives into potentially effective anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Freitas
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Daniela Ribeiro
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e do Ambiente da Universidade dos Açores, Portugal.
| | - João S Janela
- Univ Coimbra, CERES, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Carla L Varela
- Univ Coimbra, CERES, Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Clinic Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Saul C Costa
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Elisiário Tavares da Silva
- Univ Coimbra, CERES, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Fernanda M F Roleira
- Univ Coimbra, CERES, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Alemu B, Molla MD, Tezera H, Dekebo A, Asmamaw T. Phytochemical composition and in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Bersama abyssinica F. seed extracts. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6345. [PMID: 38491116 PMCID: PMC10943032 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56659-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants can be potential sources of therapeutic agents. Traditional healers use a medicinal plant from Ethiopia, Bersama abyssinica Fresen, to treat various diseases. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical components and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of B. abyssinica seed extracts (BASE). Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis was used to determine the phytochemical compositions of BASE. The antioxidant activities were assessed by using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, thiobarbituric acid-reactive species (TBARS) assay, ferric chloride reducing assay and hydroxyl scavenging capacity assay. Antimicrobial activity was investigated using the agar well diffusion method. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of saponins, glycosides, tannins, steroids, phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 30 volatile compounds; α-pinene (23.85%), eucalyptol (20.74%), β-pinene (5.75%), D-limonene (4.05%), and o-cymene (5.02%). DPPH-induced free radical scavenging (IC50 = 8.78), TBARS (IC50 = 0.55 µg/mL), and hydroxyl radicals' scavenging capacities assays (IC50 = 329.23) demonstrated high antioxidant effects of BASE. Reducing power was determined based on Fe3+-Fe2+ transformation in the presence of extract. BASE was found to show promising antibacterial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa (zone of inhibition 15.7 ± 2.5 mm, 16.0 ± 0.0 mm, and 16.7 ± 1.5 mm, respectively), but excellent antifungal activities against C. albican and M. furfur (zone of inhibition 22.0 ± 2.0 mm and 22.0 ± 4.0 mm, respectively). The seeds of B. abyssinica grown in Ethiopia possess high antioxidant potential, promising antibacterial and superior antifungal activity. Therefore, seeds of B. abyssinica provide a potential source for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belayhun Alemu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.
| | - Meseret Derbew Molla
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Hiwot Tezera
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Aman Dekebo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Applied Natural Sciences, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Asmamaw
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Rispo F, De Negri Atanasio G, Demori I, Costa G, Marchese E, Perera-Del-Rosario S, Serrano-Candelas E, Palomino-Schätzlein M, Perata E, Robino F, Ferrari PF, Ferrando S, Letasiova S, Markus J, Zanotti-Russo M, Grasselli E. An extensive review on phenolic compounds and their potential estrogenic properties on skin physiology. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 11:1305835. [PMID: 38250328 PMCID: PMC10798251 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1305835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyphenolic compounds constitute a diverse group of natural components commonly occurring in various plant species, known for their potential to exert both beneficial and detrimental effects. Additionally, these polyphenols have also been implicated as endocrine-disrupting (ED) chemicals, raising concerns about their widespread use in the cosmetics industry. In this comprehensive review, we focus on the body of literature pertaining to the estrogenic properties of ED chemicals, with a particular emphasis on the interaction of isoflavones with estrogen receptors. Within this review, we aim to elucidate the multifaceted roles and effects of polyphenols on the skin, exploring their potential benefits as well as their capacity to act as ED agents. By delving into this intricate subject matter, we intend to provoke thoughtful consideration, effectively opening a Pandora's box of questions for the reader to ponder. Ultimately, we invite the reader to contemplate whether polyphenols should be regarded as friends or foes in the realm of skincare and endocrine disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Rispo
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Science, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Demori
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Giosuè Costa
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emanuela Marchese
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Simón Perera-Del-Rosario
- ProtoQSAR SL, Centro Europeo de Empresas Innovadoras (CEEI), Parque Tecnológico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Serrano-Candelas
- ProtoQSAR SL, Centro Europeo de Empresas Innovadoras (CEEI), Parque Tecnológico de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Pier Francesco Ferrari
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Sara Ferrando
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Science, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Jan Markus
- MatTek In Vitro Life Science Laboratories, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Elena Grasselli
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Science, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
- Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of 3R Principles in Teaching and Research (Centro 3R), Pisa, Italy
- National Center for the Development of New Technologies in Agriculture (Agritech), Napoli, Italy
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Wadaan MA, Baabbad A, Khan MF, Saravanan M, Anderson A. Phytochemical profiling, anti-hyperglycemic, antifungal, and radicals scavenging potential of crude extracts of Athyrium asplenioides- an in-vitro approach. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116129. [PMID: 37187305 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
This research was aimed to evaluate the phytochemical profile, antifungal, anti-hyperglycemic, as well as antioxidant activity competence of different extracts of Athyrium asplenioides through in-vitro approach. The A. asplenioides crude methanol extract contained considerable quantity of pharmaceutically precious phytochemicals (saponins, tannins, quinones, flavonoid, phenols, steroid, and terpenoids) than others (acetone, ethyl acetate, and chloroform). Interestingly, the crude methanol extract showed remarkable antifungal activity against Candida species (C. krusei: 19.3 ± 2 mm > C. tropicalis: 18.4 ± 1 mm > C. albicans: 16.5 ± 1 mm > C. parapsilosis: 15.5 ± 2 mm > C. glabrate: 13.5 ± 2 mm > C. auris: 7.6 ± 1 mm) at a concentration of 20 mg mL-1. The crude methanol extract also showed remarkable anti-hyperglycemic activity on concentration basis. Surprisingly, remarkable free radicals scavenging potential against DPPH (76.38%) and ABTS (76.28%) free radicals at a concentration of 20 mg mL-1. According to the findings, the A. asplenioides crude methanol extract contains pharmaceutically valuable phytochemicals and may be useful for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ahmad Wadaan
- Bio-Products Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box, 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Almohannad Baabbad
- Bio-Products Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box, 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Farooq Khan
- Bio-Products Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box, 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mythili Saravanan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, USA
| | - A Anderson
- Faculty of Science of Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600119, India.
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P NK, B R, Nair SS. Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Effects of the Methanolic Extract of Eichhornia crassipes Petioles Upon Mg-63 Cell Lines: An In Vitro Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e38425. [PMID: 37273397 PMCID: PMC10234613 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Eichhornia crassipes (E. crassipes) are a longstanding hydrophyte belonging to the Pontederiaceae family and subfamily Trollioideae. It is classified as an invasive plant owing to its phenomenal growth and propagation and is often described as the worst aquatic plant. Natural antioxidants, such as phenolic compounds and flavonoids, have an increased protective effect against free radicals. A single laboratory test is insufficient to comprehend all of the mechanisms entailed in investigating the antioxidant effects of the phytoconstituents. The antioxidant propensity of methanolic extracts from E. crassipes petioles was investigated in this study utilizing 2,2'-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-pycryl-hydrazyl (DPPH). Additionally, the cytotoxic effect of E. crassipes methanolic petiole extract upon MG-63 cell lines for the inhibition of osteosarcoma cells was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antioxidant propensity was appraised by employing DPPH and ABTS assays. The cytotoxic effects of the methanolic petiole extract of E. crassipes at varying concentrations on MG-63 cell lines were evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay. The absorbance scores were computed using the mean and standard deviation. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated by applying probit analysis. The data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics for the descriptive statistics of the percentage of cell viability and regression analysis. RESULTS The antioxidant potential was assessed by employing DPPH and ABTS assays at various concentration levels of 50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 200 μg/ml, and 400 μg/ml of methanolic petiole extracts. The antioxidant potential of DPPH (57.95%) and ABTS (60.47%) was more at the elevated doses of 400 μg/mL. The percentage of cell viability upon MG-63 cell line was measured at varying doses of 12.5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, and 200 μg/ml of methanolic petiole extracts and was found to be 99.36%, 93.92%, 86.77%, 69.14%, and 45.08%, respectively. The IC50 value for the extract of E. crassipes against the MG-63 cell line was 177.65 μg/mL. The regression equation computed from the findings of the probit analysis was y = -0.2881x + 101.18 with a coefficient of determination of R² = 0.992. CONCLUSION The methanolic extracts of the various parts of the plant, such as leaves, flower, rhizome, and petioles, have been established in similar prior studies to contain the highest phenolic constituents and were found to have a high rate of DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power. It is inferred from the findings of the present study that E. crassipes petiole extracts have a significant protective role against oxidative stress, potentially attributed to the antioxidant potential. Further, the findings of the study reveal that the methanolic petiole extract of E. crassipes induced cytotoxicity upon MG-63 cell lines with an IC50 value of 177.65 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noufal K P
- Department of Anatomy, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, IND
| | - Rajesh B
- Department of Anatomy, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Pondicherry, IND
| | - Sujith S Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Crescent College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kannur, IND
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Muruthi CW, Ngugi MP, Runo SM, Mwitari PG. In vitro antioxidant activities of Carissa edulis ((Forssk) Vahl) and Pappea capensis (Eckyl. & Zeyh) extracts. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12965. [PMID: 36747936 PMCID: PMC9898664 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e12965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbal medications are gaining popularity due to their long history of use in traditional medicine. They serve as a reservoir for a diverse array of phytocompounds linked to amelioration of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is a disturbance in the balance between generation and elimination of reactive species in human body. Moreover, reactive species are implicated in the onset and progression of chronic disorders. The current therapeutic approaches despite showing efficacy are characterized by several limitations such as adverse effects and prohibitive costs. This drives the need to explore alternatives that can inhibit, ameliorate or reverse conditions caused by oxidative stress. Several studies have evaluated antioxidant effects of diverse plant extracts. C. edulis and P. capensis are used as traditional therapy among the African communities to manage oxidative stress-related ailments. However, there is limited research on the antioxidant effects of these medicinal plants. The current study, therefore, sought to evaluate the antioxidant and phytochemical profile, of C. edulis and P. capensis extracts. Samples were collected from Embu County, Kenya. In vitro antioxidant properties of the extracts were evaluated through ferric reduction, Iron chelating, hydroxyl radical, and DPPH radical scavenging activities. Activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductases of the extracts were further determined. Phytochemical profiles were determined using Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometer (LC-MS) and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometer (GC-MS) analyses. The extracts displayed concentration dependent antioxidant activities. Phytochemical analyses revealed presence compounds which are associated with antioxidant activities including flavonoids, phenolics, tocopherols and terpenoids. The findings provide a scientific validation for the folklore use of C. edulis and P. capensis in management of oxidative stress. Nevertheless, there is a need for further purification and characterization of phytochemicals associated with antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Wanjira Muruthi
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology-Kenyatta University, Kenya,Corresponding author.
| | - Mathew Piero Ngugi
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology-Kenyatta University, Kenya
| | - Steven Maina Runo
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology-Kenyatta University, Kenya
| | - Peter Githaiga Mwitari
- Centre for Traditional Medicine and Drug Research-Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Kenya
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Chemical Composition of Tobacco Seed Oils and Their Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Whitening Activities. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238516. [PMID: 36500609 PMCID: PMC9739832 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco seeds are a valuable food oil resource, and tobacco seed oil is rich in nutrients, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids. The aim of this work was to perform a comprehensive study on the chemical constituents, and the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and whitening activities of tobacco seed oils (NC89 and BS4). A GC/MS analysis revealed that NC89 and BS4 had 11 and 6 volatile compounds, respectively. The PUFA contents in NC89 and BS4 were 74.98% and 72.84%, respectively. These two tobacco seed oils also presented good radical scavenging capacities with the neutralization of ABTS, OH-, and superoxide (O2-) radicals in a concentration-dependent manner. Meanwhile, NC89 and BS4 inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and cell apoptosis, enhanced SOD and CAT activities, and increased the GSH content in H2O2-induced HepG2 cells. In addition, NC89 and BS4 exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting the expressions of NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in LPS-induced RAW.264.7 cells through the regulation of the MAPK signaling pathway. Moreover, NC89 and BS4 expressed whitening activities by inhibiting tyrosinase activity and intracellular melanin production. Therefore, tobacco seed oils could be used as an important oil resource for the development of high value-added products.
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de Freitas Pires DG, de Araújo LM, Mesquita PG, Neves FDAR, Borin MDF. Antioxidant activity of mycelia methanolic extracts of endophytic fungi BvFV and BvFIX isolated from leaves of Bauhinia variegata. FRONTIERS IN FUNGAL BIOLOGY 2022; 3:1048734. [PMID: 37746214 PMCID: PMC10512253 DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2022.1048734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Endophytes are considered an essential source of natural products. Skin is the body's largest organ; its primary function is the protection of other organs, and aging is one of the most relevant problems associated with this organ. UV radiation generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which lead to skin degeneration and consequent aging. The main endogenous antioxidants that neutralize ROS are enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase, and non-enzymatic antioxidants, such as glutathione and α-tocopherol. Nuclear receptors are involved in molecular mechanisms that control the aging process, especially peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR), which regulate the function and expression of genes that modulate the balance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) activity and the expression of collagen. Some natural compounds, such as polyphenols, can activate PPAR and reduce the activation of MMP and collagen degradation. In this work, the antioxidant activity of the mycelia methanolic extracts of two endophytic fungi isolated from leaves of Bauhinia variegata, named BvFV and BvFIX, their action as PPAR agonists, and their effect on the activity of antioxidant defense system enzymes were evaluated. The mycelia methanolic extract of BvFV showed a weak agonist effect on PPARβ/δ, a high capability to inhibit lipid peroxidation, increased catalase activity, and increased superoxide dismutase activity by approximately 64%. In contrast, BvFIX increased catalase activity and increased superoxide dismutase activity in a dose-dependent manner, with an increase of 49.62% ± 7.87%, 56.64% ± 12.27%, and 240.46% ± 26.11% at concentrations of 25 µg/mL, 50 µg/mL and 100 µg/mL, respectively, in human dermal fibroblasts submitted to oxidative stress. These results suggest that the metabolites of the mycelia of endophytic fungi studied are promising to act in the chemoprevention of skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Maria de Fátima Borin
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
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Kebal L, Pokajewicz K, Djebli N, Mostefa N, Poliwoda A, Wieczorek PP. HPLC-DAD profile of phenolic compounds and In vitro antioxidant activity of Ficus carica L. fruits from two Algerian varieties. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113738. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Antitoxic Effects of Curcumin against Obesity-Induced Multi-Organs' Biochemical and Histopathological Abnormalities in an Animal Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9707278. [PMID: 36248416 PMCID: PMC9560822 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9707278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Background Obesity is a significant public health problem that is characterized by an increase in oxidative stress and enhanced inflammatory responses associated with immune cell invasion of adipose tissues. This study assessed several biochemical abnormalities, apoptosis, oxidative stress status, and associated histological changes in the liver, duodenum, and heart brought on by high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats. It also assessed the mechanistic benefits of curcumin in reversing these inflammatory, metabolic, and histological impairments. Methods Rats were assigned into three groups each including ten rats: the control group (CD), the high-fat diet group (HFD), and the high-fat diet + curcumin (HFDC) group. Serum glucose, insulin, and triglycerides (TAGs) were observed. In addition, apoptosis (indicated by hepatic DNA fragmentation) and oxidative stress status (indicated by hepatic MPO, GSH, and SOD) were assessed. Histopathological examinations included the GIT (liver and duodenum) and heart in addition to quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays of the adipose tissue genetic expressions for inflammatory signaling pathways (TLR4, IL-6, and TNF-α). Results The overall findings showed that the HFD group exhibited significantly higher levels of glucose, TAGs, and insulin than the control group (P < 0.01). The histological abnormalities of the studied organs in the HFD group were paralleled by these biochemical abnormalities, which were strongly associated with increased apoptosis, increased oxidative stress, and increased expression of the inflammatory signaling markers. There were significant improvements in the HFDC group in terms of biochemical, inflammatory, and histological investigations. Conclusions This study's findings concluded that obesity is significantly associated with biochemical and microscopic alterations in many organs. Curcumin exerted potent antitoxic, antioxidant, tissue-protective, and antiobesity effects. Curcumin is recommended to be added to various dietary regimens to prevent or delay the organs' dysfunction among obese people.
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Wongrakpanich A, Leanpolchareanchai J, Morakul B, Parichatikanond W, Teeranachaideekul V. Phyllanthus emblica Extract-loaded Transfersomes for Hair Follicle Targeting: Phytoconstituents, Characterization, and Hair Growth Promotion. J Oleo Sci 2022; 71:1085-1096. [PMID: 35781257 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess21425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phyllanthus emblica Linn. (PE) has been used to promote hair growth for decades. In this study, dried PE fruit powder was extracted, tested for biological activities, and loaded into transfersomes for hair follicle targeting. Before lyophilization, PE fruit powder was extracted using 2 solvent systems, water and 30% ethanol. The PE 30% ethanolic extract had higher antioxidant activity and total phenolic content than the PE aqueous extract. However, the cytotoxicity of the PE 30% ethanolic extract was higher than that of PE aqueous extract. As a result, the PE aqueous extract was analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography and found that the major component of the PE aqueous extract was gallic acid. Afterward, the PE aqueous extract was tested for its potential to activate the expression of genes involved in hair growth promotion in human keratinocytes. At a non-toxic concentration (10 µg/mL), this extract promoted various growth factors comparable to 1% minoxidil. PE-loaded transfersomes were prepared to deliver the PE aqueous extract to the hair follicle. The particle size and polydispersity index of PE-loaded transfersomes were 228 nm and 0.25, respectively. After 3 months of storage, the particle size at 4°C and 30°C was 218 nm and 241 nm, respectively, which was comparable to its initial size. However, at 40°C, the particle size dramatically increased (315 nm). The fluorescent agent, rhodamine B, was used to evaluate the potential of transfersomes to target hair follicles. Rhodamine B transfersomes had better penetration and accumulation in hair follicles than rhodamine B solution. To conclude, the PE aqueous extract, mainly composed of gallic acid, can activate hair growth gene expression. The extract can be loaded into hair follicles targeting transfersomes. Thus, PE-loaded transfersomes are a promising delivery system for hair follicle targeting to promote hair growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Warisara Parichatikanond
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University.,Center of Biopharmaceutical Science of Healthy Ageing (BSHA), Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University
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Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities of Annonacae. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113462. [PMID: 35684400 PMCID: PMC9182277 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In 1789, the Annonaceae family was catalogued by de Jussieu. It encompasses tropical and subtropical plants which are widespread in distribution across various continents such as Asia, South and Central America, Australia and Africa. The genus of Annona is one of 120 genera of the Annonaceae family and contains more than 119 species of trees and shrubs. Most species are found in tropical America, where over 105 species have been identified. Due to its edible fruits and medicinal properties, Annona is the most studied genus of Annonaceae family. To date, only a limited number of these species have economic value, including A. squamosa L. (sugar apple), A. cherimola Mill. (Cherimoya), A. muricata L. (guanabana or soursop), A. atemoya Mabb. (atemoya), a hybrid between A. cherimola and A. squamosa, A. reticulata L. (custard apple), A. glabra L. (pond-apple) and A. macroprophyllata Donn. Sm. (ilama). Phytochemically, several classes of secondary metabolites, including acetogenins, essential oils, alkaloids, terpenoids and flavonoids. The pharmacological activities of Annona species leaves and seeds include antibacterial, anticancer, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties.
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13
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Enzymatic Extraction of Sapodilla (Manilkara achras L.) Juice: Process Optimization and Characterization. J FOOD QUALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/6367411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional treatment of sapodilla pulp yields very viscous, turbid, and low juice recovery. Sapodilla processing for juice requires liquefying enzyme that leads to rectifying flow of juice. This study was conducted to optimize the enzymatic pectolytic conditions of sapodilla fruit processing to extract maximum juice using a central composite design (CCD). The effect of processing variables on recovery of juice, total soluble solids (TSS), viscosity, clarity, and L-value along with physicochemical analysis was investigated. The optimized processing conditions were pectinase concentration (0.120%) at 42.02°C for 167.83 min resulting in juice recovery (62.08 ± 0.38%), viscosity (4.81 ± 0.02cP), TSS (21.48 ± 0.19 °Brix), clarity (0.72 ± 0.05%T), and L-value (28.79 ± 0.96). Optimized sapodilla juice showed higher filterability (24.16 ± 1.04 min−1), conductivity (69.46 ± 0.30 S/m), total phenolic content (35.86 ± 0.60 mg/100 mL), ascorbic acid (6.38 ± 0.58 mg/100 mL), moisture content (84.85 ± 0.21% WB), and titratable acidity (0.143 ± 0.0% citric acid) as compared to control sample (60.5 ± 1.80 min−1, 30.43 ± 0.35 S/m, 30.68 ± 0.85 mg/100 mL, 4.64 ± 0.0 mg/100 mL, 83.69 ± 0.18%, and 0.130 ± 0.0%). Optimized sapodilla juice was lower in sedimentation index (0.73 ± 0.11%), turbidity (13.73 ± 1.10 NTU), ash (0.57 ± 0.031%), and β-carotene (0.173 ± 0.008 μg/100 mL) as compared to control sample (1.07 ± 0.02%, 79 ± 0.75 NTU, 0.65 ± 0.031%, and 0.306 ± 0.007 μg/100 mL). The flow behavior index (n) was closer to 1 in both juice samples, which indicated Newtonian-like flow behavior. Conclusively, sapodilla juice extraction at optimal condition (0.120% of pectinase concentration) and 42.02°C/167.83 min would be potentiated to the beverage industry. The use of pectinase might reduce membrane fouling and facilitates processing operation efficiently.
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14
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Rashtbari S, Dehghan G, Sadeghi L, Sareminia L, Iranshahy M, Iranshahi M, Khataee A, Yoon Y. Interaction of bovine serum albumin with ellagic acid and urolithins A and B: Insights from surface plasmon resonance, fluorescence, and molecular docking techniques. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 162:112913. [PMID: 35276234 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) shows the sequence homology and structural similarity with bovine serum albumin (BSA). Therefore, here, the interaction of natural phenolic antioxidants, ellagic acid (ELA), and its derivatives-urolithins A (ULA) and B (ULB)-with BSA was investigated. The results of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) indicated a high affinity of ELA, ULA, and ULB to BSA, with KD value < 1 × 10-6 M. The KD values of binding of the studied compounds to BSA increased with temperature, revealing a reduction in affinity with an increase in temperature. Fluorescence data showed that the quenching of BSA by tested compounds occurred via a static quenching. However, the affinity of ELA for BSA was higher than that of ULA and ULB, which may be because of the presence of a large number of hydroxyl groups in its structure. The assessment of the antioxidant activity of BSA and BSA-ELA/ULA/ULB complexes using the DPPH assay indicated that the DPPH scavenging activity of BSA increased after complex formation with ELA/ULA/ULB in the following order: BSA-ELA > BSA-ULA > BSA-ULB > BSA, which was due to their structural differences. The results of the docking analysis were in agreement with the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Rashtbari
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Dehghan
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Leila Sadeghi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Sareminia
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Milad Iranshahy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Khataee
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Turkey
| | - Yeojoon Yoon
- Department of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Singh SV, Singh R, Singh A, Thangalakshmi S, Kaur B, Kamble MG, Tarafdar A, Upadhyay A. Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis parameters for sapodilla fruit (
Manikara achras
L.) juice extraction. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sukh Veer Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Kundli India
| | - Rakhi Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Kundli India
| | - Anurag Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Kundli India
| | - S. Thangalakshmi
- Department of Food Engineering National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Kundli India
| | - Barjindar P. Kaur
- Department of Food Engineering National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Kundli India
| | - Meenatai G. Kamble
- Department of Food Science and Technology National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Kundli India
| | - Ayon Tarafdar
- Livestock Production and Management Section ICAR‐Indian Veterinary Research Institute Bareilly India
| | - Ashutosh Upadhyay
- Department of Food Science and Technology National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Kundli India
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16
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Tamagno WA, Santini W, Dos Santos A, Alves C, Bilibio D, Sutorillo NT, Zamberlan DC, Kaizer RR, Barcellos LJG. Pitaya fruit extract ameliorates the healthspan on copper-induced toxicity of Caenorhabditis elegans. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14050. [PMID: 34981523 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential metal and it is important for metabolism. However, in high concentrations, it becomes toxic. Metal-induced toxicity is the cause of many neurodegenerative diseases. So it is necessary to search mechanisms to find ways of healthy aging. Natural compounds and diets based on fruits are increasingly common and could lead to a healthy life. Pitaya (Hylocereus undatus) is a tropical and Latin American, fruit that is gaining more popularity due to its antioxidant properties. Here, we evaluate the preventive and curative effect of different doses of microencapsulated pulp H. undatus extract on copper-induced toxicity. For this we use the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, to investigate the effects of pitaya extract on behavior, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant chaperon, and cholinergic nervous system (ColNS). Results showed behavioral changes, decreased cell death biomarkers, and lipid peroxidation caused by copper, and these toxic effects were prevented and reverted by Pitaya's extract. After all, the extract can be used in diet as a supplement and studied to treat or prevent specific diseases, some of them linked to contamination and senility-related conditions. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This research has been aimed to provide the uses of Hylocereus undatus microencapsulated pulp extract for the prevention and treatment of copper-induced toxicity. We have been shown that Pitaya is a good source of antioxidant compounds that can ameliorate the antioxidant system as well as the cholinergic nervous system avoiding behavior changes before and after the metal toxicity of copper. Therefore, the potential applications and common use of this extract can serve as food supplementation to prevent metal oxidative damage as well as to repair clinical cases of copper poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagner Antonio Tamagno
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul, Sertão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Wallace Santini
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul, Sertão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Amanda Dos Santos
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul, Sertão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carla Alves
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul, Sertão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Bioexperimentation, Universidade de Passo Fundo, São José, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Denise Bilibio
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul, Sertão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Nathália Tafarel Sutorillo
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul, Sertão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Daniele Coradini Zamberlan
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Center of Natural and Exacts Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rosilene Rodrigues Kaizer
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul, Sertão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Environmental Science and Technology, Federal University of Fronteira Sul (UFFS) - Erechim Campus, Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Leonardo José Gil Barcellos
- Graduate Program in Bioexperimentation, Universidade de Passo Fundo, São José, Passo Fundo, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Cidade Universitária, Camobi, Santa Maria, Brazil
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17
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Asen ND, Badamasi AT, Gborigo JT, Aluko RE, Girgih AT. Comparative Evaluation of the Antioxidant Properties of Whole Peanut Flour, Defatted Peanut Protein Meal, and Peanut Protein Concentrate. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.765364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Defatted peanut meal is a low value agro-industrial residue from peanut oil production with potential use as a value addition food ingredient. In this study, peanuts were roasted at 100°C for 5 min, de-skinned and milled into whole peanut flour (WPF) from which the defatted meal (DPM) was prepared by acetone extraction and the peanut protein concentrate (PPC) obtained from the DPM using isoelectric pH precipitation. The protein content, amino acid profile, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and in vitro antioxidant properties of the peanut samples were then determined. Results showed that DPM had a TPC of 0.12 ± 0.02 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g, which was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than and twice the levels in WPF and PPC (0.06 ± 0.03 mg GAE/g). However, WPF had TFC of 0.21 ± 0.01 μg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g, which was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than DPM (0.16 ± 0.03 μg QE/g) and PPC (0.11 ± 0.05 μg QE/g). However, PPC had superior amino acid profile in addition to stronger radical scavenging and metal chelation activities than WPF and DPM. The results suggest that PPC is a protein rich product that could be utilized as an ingredient in food product fortification to enhance nutritional quality and in the formulation of functional foods with antioxidant benefits.
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18
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Contreras-Castro AI, Oidor-Chan VH, Bustamante-Camilo P, Pelayo-Zaldívar C, Díaz de León-Sánchez F, Mendoza-Espinoza JA. Chemical Characterization and Evaluation of the Antihyperglycemic Effect of Lychee ( Litchi chinensis Sonn.) cv. Brewster. J Med Food 2021; 25:61-69. [PMID: 34874786 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lychee is a fruit of Asian origin with an exquisite flavor and an attractive reddish color. However, according to recent reports, the consumption of this fruit reduces the levels of blood glucose with adverse effects on human health such as encephalopathy and hypoglycemic. The objective of this work was to determine if the peel, pulp, and seed of "Brewster" lychee fruits harvested at two stages of maturity had antihyperglycemic effect. This effect was determined by an oral glucose tolerance test using Wistar rats. In addition, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and high-resolution liquid chromatography were used to quantify phenolic compounds, flavonoids, organic acids (OAs), sugars, and antioxidant activity. Results indicated that stage I pulp (immature fruits) and stage II peel and seed (export mature fruits) reduced blood glucose levels, and the effects of the former two were synergistic with metformin. The pulp of mature fruits (stage II), however, lacked a hypoglycemic effect. Additionally, the peel and the seeds of these fruits presented a high antioxidant activity (as determined by DPPH [2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydracyl] and ABTS+ [2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid] methods), which correlated well with the total content of phenolic compounds. The highest content of polyphenolics, flavonoids, and OAs was found in the extracts of the peel and seeds of both stages of maturity. It was therefore concluded that "Brewster" mature lychees are safe for human consumption, and both the seed and the peel can be useful sources for obtaining new compounds with antihyperglycemic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ivette Contreras-Castro
- Laboratory of Post-harvest of Plant Genetic Resources and Natural Products, Department of Health Sciences, UAM-I, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Víctor Hugo Oidor-Chan
- Laboratory of Post-harvest of Plant Genetic Resources and Natural Products, Department of Health Sciences, UAM-I, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Patricia Bustamante-Camilo
- Department of Human Biology, College of Sciences and Humanities, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM), Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Clara Pelayo-Zaldívar
- Postharvest Physiology Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables, Department of Biotechnology, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM) Unidad Iztapalapa, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Fernando Díaz de León-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Post-harvest of Plant Genetic Resources and Natural Products, Department of Health Sciences, UAM-I, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - José Alberto Mendoza-Espinoza
- Department of Human Biology, College of Sciences and Humanities, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM), Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
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19
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Tamagno WA, Vanin AP, Sutorillo NT, Bilibio D, Dada RA, Colla LM, Zamberlan DC, Kaizer RR, Barcellos LJG. Fruit extract of red pitaya (Hylocereus undatus) prevents and reverses stress-induced impairments in the cholinergic and antioxidant systems of Caenorhabditis elegans. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e13981. [PMID: 34698395 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The addition of fruit to the diet is very important, and we can use nutraceutical and functional foods for this supplement. A little-known fruit is a red pitaya (Hylocereus undatus) that has been widely reported to have a high antioxidant potential. In this study, we analyzed the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant capacity of microencapsulated pitaya extract on the behavior, antioxidant, and nervous system of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. The worms were treated with fruit extract before and after juglone-induced stress, to determine the protective or curative effects of pitaya. We have been evaluated cholinergic, antioxidant, and behavioral biomarkers. We have evidenced that the pulp of pitaya contains antioxidant compounds and can serve as a potential nutraceutical product. In addition, the fruit extract was effective in preventing and/or reverse the stress-induced damages, even at high levels of chemical stress at all evaluated parameters. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The potential applications and uses aimed by this research are related to the supplementation of foods given the antioxidant effect. Our data suggested that the effect of the pitaya fruit microencapsulated pulp extract was effective to prevent and repair the damage caused by oxidative stress. Besides the use of this microencapsulated extract can be an auxiliary in the treatment of diseases related to oxidative damage as well as promoting senescent aging. Another important use is the application of this extract as a dietary supplement to fortify the antioxidant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagner Antonio Tamagno
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul - Sertão Campus, City of Sertão, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Vanin
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul - Sertão Campus, City of Sertão, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Environmental Science and Technology, Federal University of Fronteira Sul (UFFS) - Erechim Campus, City of Erechim, Brazil
| | - Nathália Tafarel Sutorillo
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul - Sertão Campus, City of Sertão, Brazil
| | - Denise Bilibio
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul - Sertão Campus, City of Sertão, Brazil
| | - Renata Affeldt Dada
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul - Sertão Campus, City of Sertão, Brazil
| | - Luciane Maria Colla
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | - Daniele Coradini Zamberlan
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Center of Natural and Exacts Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Rosilene Rodrigues Kaizer
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul - Sertão Campus, City of Sertão, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Environmental Science and Technology, Federal University of Fronteira Sul (UFFS) - Erechim Campus, City of Erechim, Brazil
| | - Leonardo José Gil Barcellos
- Graduate Program in Bioexperimentation, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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20
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Gopikrishna T, Suresh Kumar HK, Perumal K, Elangovan E. Impact of Bacillus in fermented soybean foods on human health. ANN MICROBIOL 2021; 71:30. [PMID: 34305497 PMCID: PMC8285709 DOI: 10.1186/s13213-021-01641-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Fermented soybean foods (FSF) is popularly consumed in the South-East Asian countries. Bacillus species, a predominant microorganism present in these foods, have demonstrated beneficial and deleterious impacts on human health. These microorganisms produce bioactive compounds during fermentation that have beneficial impacts in improving human health. However, the health risks associated with FSF, food pathogens, biogenic amines (BAs) production, and late-onset anaphylaxis, remain a concern. The purpose of this review is to present an in-depth analysis of positive and negative impacts as a result of consumption of FSF along with the measures to alleviate health risks for human consumption. METHODS This review was composed by scrutinizing contemporary literature of peer-reviewed publications related to Bacillus and FSF. Based on the results from academic journals, this review paper was categorized into FSF, role of Bacillus species in these foods, process of fermentation, beneficial, and adverse influence of these foods along with methods to improve food safety. Special emphasis was given to the potential benefits of bioactive compounds released during fermentation of soybean by Bacillus species. RESULTS The nutritional and functional properties of FSF are well-appreciated, due to the release of peptides and mucilage, which have shown health benefits: in managing cardiac disease, gastric disease, cancer, allergies, hepatic disease, obesity, immune disorders, and especially microbial infections due to the presence of probiotic property, which is a potential alternative to antibiotics. Efficient interventions were established to mitigate pitfalls like the techniques to reduce BAs and food pathogens and by using a defined starter culture to improve the safety and quality of these foods. CONCLUSION Despite some of the detrimental effects produced by these foods, potential health benefits have been observed. Therefore, soybean foods fermented by Bacillus can be a promising food by integrating effective measures for maintaining safety and quality for human consumption. Further, in vivo analysis on the activity and dietary interventions of bioactive compounds among animal models and human volunteers are yet to be achieved which is essential to commercialize them for safe consumption by humans, especially immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trishala Gopikrishna
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Deemed to be University, Chennai, India
| | - Harini Keerthana Suresh Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Deemed to be University, Chennai, India
| | - Kumar Perumal
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Deemed to be University, Chennai, India
| | - Elavarashi Elangovan
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Deemed to be University, Chennai, India
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21
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Mordi JC, Ichipi-Ifukor PC, Kweki GR, Ichipi-Ifukor RN, Oyem JC, Dennis-Eboh U. Preliminary toxicology profile of Dennettia tripetala (Pepper Fruit) methanolic leaves extract. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-021-00298-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Dennentia tripetalla (Pepper Fruit) belongs to the Annonaceae family and is abundant in Nigeria. Its fruit in folklore medicine is used for treatment of varying ailments. While ample research evidence exists on the plants fruit and seed, no current study exists on the toxicological profile of the plant leaves.
Methods
qualitative and quantitative phytochemicals and In vitro antioxidant assays were carried out using standard methods. The acute toxicity study indicates that the LD50 was higher than 2000 mg/Kg body weight. Sub-chronic toxicity studies was carried out using five groups of rats. Group 1 served as control, 2–5 received 100 mg/Kg, 200 mg/Kg, 500 mg/Kg and 1000 mg/Kg body weight orally for 28 days.
Results
Post-administration biochemical analysis indicates there was increased weight in rats administered 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg while it reduced in the 500 mg/kg group. Significant elevations of liver function markers were reported for 200 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg respectively. Serum and hepatic protein profiles remained unaltered. Renal function analysis revealed elevated serum urea and creatinine for 200 and 500 mg/kg groups, elevated serum Na+ and Ca+ and reduced serum Cl− for the 500 mg/Kg group. Elevated Kidney K+ and Ca+ levels, reduced Cl− were significantly observed in 500 mg/Kg group. Significant rise in hepatic and renal lipid peroxidation was observed in 200 and 500 mg/Kg groups. There were observed disarmament of the antioxidant defense systems occasioned by rise and drop in tissue (hepatic, renal, testes, heart) Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (Cat), Glutathione-s-transferase (GST), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities in the test groups relative to control. Histopathological examination indicated architectural aberrations at 500 and 1000 mg/kg.
Conclusions
It concluded that the plant had significant phytochemical and antioxidant properties of medical interest and possessed toxic properties in rats when administered at a dose above 200 mg/Kg over a prolonged period of time.
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Mahgoub S, Hashad N, Ali S, Ibrahim R, Said AM, Moharram FA, Mady M. Polyphenolic Profile of Callistemon viminalis Aerial Parts: Antioxidant, Anticancer and In Silico 5-LOX Inhibitory Evaluations. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092481. [PMID: 33923148 PMCID: PMC8123052 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Five new compounds viz kaempferol 3-O-(4″-galloyl)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1‴→6″)-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), kaempferol 3-O-β-d-mannuronopyranoside (2), kaempferol 3-O-β-d-mannopyranoside (3), quercetin 3-O-β-d-mannuronopyranoside (4), 2, 3 (S)- hexahydroxydiphenoyl]-d-glucose (5) along with fifteen known compounds were isolated from 80% aqueous methanol extract (AME) of C. viminalis. AME and compounds exerted similar or better antioxidant activity to ascorbic acid using DPPH, O2−, and NO inhibition methods. In addition, compounds 16, 4, and 7 showed cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cell lines while 3, 7 and 16 exhibited strong activity against HepG2. An in silico analysis using molecular docking for polyphenolic compounds 2, 3, 7, 16 and 17 against human stable 5-LOX was performed and compared to that of ascorbic acid and quercetin. The binding mode as well as the enzyme-inhibitor interactions were evaluated. All compounds occupied the 5-LOX active site and showed binding affinity greater than ascorbic acid or quercetin. The data herein suggest that AME, a source of polyphenols, could be used against oxidative-stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahenda Mahgoub
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt;
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (A.M.S.); (F.A.M.); Tel.: +1716-907-5016 (A.M.S.); +202-2554-160 (F.A.M.)
| | - Nashwa Hashad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt; (N.H.); (R.I.); (M.M.)
| | - Sahar Ali
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt;
| | - Reham Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt; (N.H.); (R.I.); (M.M.)
| | - Ahmed M. Said
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (A.M.S.); (F.A.M.); Tel.: +1716-907-5016 (A.M.S.); +202-2554-160 (F.A.M.)
| | - Fatma A. Moharram
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt; (N.H.); (R.I.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (A.M.S.); (F.A.M.); Tel.: +1716-907-5016 (A.M.S.); +202-2554-160 (F.A.M.)
| | - Mohamed Mady
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt; (N.H.); (R.I.); (M.M.)
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Ekeanyanwu RC, Nkwocha CC, Ekeanyanwu CL. Behavioural and biochemical indications of the antidepressant activities of essential oils from Monodora myristica (Gaertn) seed and Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) fruit in rats. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2021; 10:66-74. [PMID: 33842912 PMCID: PMC8019977 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Monodora myristica and Xylopia aethiopica are two underutilised spices that are hypothesized to be important in the management and treatment of certain stress-induced diseases such as depression. The present study was designed to test the anti-depressant effects of the essential oils of Monodora myristica (EOMM) and Xylopia aethiopica (EOXA) and the possible underlying mechanisms in a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) - induced depression in the rat. Forty-two male Wistar rats were assigned to seven groups (n = 6); group I received corn oil (p.o, unstressed control), group II (stressed control) administered corn oil, groups III-IV received EOMM (150 & 300 mg/kg, p.o), groups V – VI received EOXA (150 & 300 mg/kg, p.o) whereas group VII had fluoxetine (10 mg/kg, p.o in d/w). Corn oil served as the vehicle for the delivery of the essential oils and the doses were administered via gastric intubation to rat once daily for six consecutive weeks from the 2nd week. Open-field, tail suspension (TST), and forced swimming (FST) tests were used to evaluate the behavioural activity in addition to the biochemical parameters (catalase, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, monoamine oxidase, corticosterone, protein carbonyl compound, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide). The result showed that the administration of EOMM (150 and 300 mg/kg b.wt.) and EOXA (150 and 300 mg/kg b.wt.) during CUMS significantly ameliorated these behavioural activities and some biochemical parameters in rats. EOMM and EOXA exhibited significant antidepressant-like effects in a rat model of CUMS. At treatment doses of especially 300 mg/kg b.wt, the antidepressant effects of EOMM and EOXA are comparable to a standard antidepressant drug, fluoxetine (Prozac ™). The EOXA especially at a dose of 300 mg/kg b.wt is more effective than EOMM even at 300 mg/kg dose level in ameliorating depression in stressed rats. In conclusion, the study revealed that both the EOXA and EOMM relieved depression-like states through the mitigation of oxidative stress with a reduction in serum Corticosterone (CORT) and brain Monoamine Oxidase-A (MAO-A) levels.
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Achillea Species as Sources of Active Phytochemicals for Dermatological and Cosmetic Applications. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6643827. [PMID: 33833853 PMCID: PMC8018854 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6643827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Achillea spp. is well known for its broad range of applications and long history of use in traditional medicine around the world. Health benefits of Achillea extracts result from the multitude of secondary metabolites identified in the plants from this genus that include flavonoids, phenolic acids, terpenes, guaianolides, phytosterols, fatty acids, and organic acids. The properties of several Achillea extracts meet also the expectations of a vividly developing cosmetic market. An increasing number of studies on the dermatological properties of Achillea spp. are observed in the recent years, with Achillea millefolium L. being the most studied and used representative of the genus. There is strong scientific evidence showing that also other yarrow species might be rich sources of effective cosmetic ingredients, with skin calming and rejuvenating properties, wound healing activity, and anti-inflammatory potential. Several Achillea extracts and isolated compounds were also shown to display significant tyrosinase inhibitory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties and thus are interesting candidates for active ingredients of medications and cosmetic products protecting the skin from the harmful impact of environmental stressors. The aim of this review is to collect the current information on the composition and cosmeceutical significance of different Achillea species.
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Afrostyrax lepidophyllus Mildbr. and Monodora myristica (Gaertn.) Dunal Extracts Decrease Doxorubicin Cytotoxicity on H9c2 Cardiomyoblasts. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:8858165. [PMID: 33688366 PMCID: PMC7920721 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8858165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Materials and Methods Bark extracts of these plants (1 and 25 µg/mL) were added 3 hours before coincubating H9c2 cardiomyoblasts with Dox (0.5 and 1 µM) for 24 hours more. We measured cell mass and metabolic viability, mitochondrial transmembrane potential, superoxide anion content, and activity-like of caspase-3 and caspase-9 following treatment with the extracts and/or Dox. Also, selenium and vitamin C contents were measured in the plant extracts. Results The results confirmed that Dox treatment decreased cell mass, mitochondrial membrane potential and metabolic viability, increased mitochondrial superoxide anion, and stimulated caspase-3 and caspase-9-like activities. Pretreatment of the cells with the plant extracts significantly inhibited Dox cytotoxicity, with more significant results at the higher concentration. Measurements of selenium and vitamin C in the extracts revealed higher concentration of both when compared with other Cameroonian spices. Conclusion Both extracts of A. lepidophyllus and M. myristica were effective against Dox-induced cytotoxicity, most likely due to their content in antioxidants.
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Anticandidal efficacy of Brassica juncea seeds extract: characterization, in vitro and in vivo studies. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-020-00440-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Abd-Alla HI, Soltan MM, Hassan AZ, Taie HAA, Abo-Salem HM, Karam EA, El-Safty MM, Hanna AG. Cardenolides and pentacyclic triterpenes isolated from Acokanthera oblongifolia leaves: their biological activities with molecular docking study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 76:301-315. [PMID: 34218548 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2020-0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Pentacyclic triterpenes and cardenolides were isolated from Acokanthera oblongifolia leaves. Their chemical structures were determined based on comprehensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. Their MIC was determined against 12 microorganisms. Their exerted cytotoxicity on the immortalized normal cells, hTERT-RPE1 was assessed by the sulforhodamine-B assay. The viral inhibitory effects of compounds against Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and H5N1 influenza virus IV were evaluated. Four in vitro antioxidant assays were performed in comparison with BHT and trolox and a weak activity was exhibited. Acovenoside A was with potent against H5N1-IV and NDV with IC50 ≤ 3.2 and ≤ 2.1 μg/ml and SI values of 93.75 and 95.23%, respectively, in comparison to ribavirin. Its CC50 record on Vero cells was > 400 and 200 μg/ml, respectively. Acobioside A was the most active compound against a broad range of microbes while Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most sensitive. Its MIC (0.07 μg/ml) was 1/100-fold of the recorded CC50 (7.1 μg/ml/72 h) against hTERT-RPE1. The molecular docking of compounds on human DNA topoisomerase I (Top1-DNA) and IV glycoprotein hemagglutinin were studied using MOE program. This study has introduced the cardenolides rather than triterpenoids with the best docking score and binding interaction with the active site of the studied proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howaida I Abd-Alla
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki-Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Maha M Soltan
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, Biology Unit, Central Laboratory for Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki-Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Amal Z Hassan
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki-Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Hanan A A Taie
- Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki-Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Heba M Abo-Salem
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki-Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Eman A Karam
- Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki-Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Mounir M El-Safty
- Central Laboratory for Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Abbassia-Cairo, 13181, Egypt
| | - Atef G Hanna
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki-Giza, 12622, Egypt
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In Vitro Antioxidant, Cytotoxic Activities, and Phenolic Profile of Senecio glaucus from Saudi Arabia. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:8875430. [PMID: 33163085 PMCID: PMC7604592 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8875430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Current treatments for complex diseases have remarkable side effects that negatively impact patients' quality of life. Thus, natural compounds with fewer side effects represent a promising source for safe drugs. The genus Senecio is widely used in folk medicine due to its various pharmacological properties. In the present study, the total phenolic content of Senecio glaucus, which is grown in Saudi Arabia, was assessed using the Folin-Ciocalteau colorimetric method. Scavenging DPPH and ABTS assays were utilized to determine the antioxidant properties of S. glaucus fractions, and MTT assay was used to screen the cytotoxic activity of S. glaucus against various cancer cells. In addition, HPLC-UV was utilized to detect the presence of two phenolic acids, namely, vanillic acid (VA) and gallic acid (GA). Among all fractions tested, S. glaucus chloroform fraction (SGCF) yielded the highest value (125.3 mg·GA/g) in terms of total phenolic content. SGCF also exhibited the highest scavenging activities (76.7 and 74.1%) on both DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. Similarly, SGCF also possessed the most potent cytotoxic activity against the MCF-7 cell line, with an IC50 value of 41.8 μg/ml. The validated HPLC method confirmed the presence of VA (4.8 μg/mg DW) and GA (3.9 μg/mg DW) in SGCF. Overall, our data show that S. glaucus had antioxidant and cytotoxic properties. A developed validated HPLC method which could be helpful for quantifying phenolic compounds in S. glaucus was established.
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Ahmad A, Rehman MU, Wali AF, El-Serehy HA, Al-Misned FA, Maodaa SN, Aljawdah HM, Mir TM, Ahmad P. Box-Behnken Response Surface Design of Polysaccharide Extraction from Rhododendron arboreum and the Evaluation of Its Antioxidant Potential. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173835. [PMID: 32846866 PMCID: PMC7504118 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present investigation, the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions and optimization of Rhododendron arboreum polysaccharide (RAP) yield were studied by a Box–Behnken response surface design and the evaluation of its antioxidant potential. Three parameters that affect the productivity of UAE, such as extraction temperature (50–90 °C), extraction time (10–30 min), and solid–liquid ratio (1–2 g/mL), were examined to optimize the yield of the polysaccharide percentage. The chromatographic analysis revealed that the composition of monosaccharides was found to be glucose, galactose, mannose, arabinose, and fucose. The data were fitted to polynomial response models, applying multiple regression analysis with a high coefficient of determination value (R2 = 0.999). The data exhibited that the extraction parameters have significant effects on the extraction yield of polysaccharide percentage. Derringer’s desirability prediction tool was attained under the optimal extraction conditions (extraction temperature 66.75 °C, extraction time 19.72 min, and liquid–solid ratio 1.66 mL/g) with a desirability value of 1 yielded the highest polysaccharide percentage (11.56%), which was confirmed through validation experiments. An average of 11.09 ± 1.65% of polysaccharide yield was obtained in optimized extraction conditions with a 95.43% validity. The in vitro antioxidant effect of polysaccharides of R. arboreum was studied. The results showed that the RAP extract exhibited a strong potential against free radical damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (P.A.)
| | - Muneeb U. Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Adil Farooq Wali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, RAK College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Science University, Ras Al Khaimah 11172, UAE;
| | - Hamed A. El-Serehy
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh l1451, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.E.-S.); (F.A.A.-M.); (S.N.M.); (H.M.A.)
| | - Fahad A. Al-Misned
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh l1451, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.E.-S.); (F.A.A.-M.); (S.N.M.); (H.M.A.)
| | - Saleh N. Maodaa
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh l1451, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.E.-S.); (F.A.A.-M.); (S.N.M.); (H.M.A.)
| | - Hossam M. Aljawdah
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh l1451, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.E.-S.); (F.A.A.-M.); (S.N.M.); (H.M.A.)
| | - Tahir Maqbool Mir
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA;
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (P.A.)
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Sarkar B, Saha I, De AK, Ghosh A, Adak MK. Aluminium accumulation in excess and related anti-oxidation responses in C 4 weed ( Amaranthus viridis L.). PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:1583-1598. [PMID: 32801488 PMCID: PMC7415048 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00840-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
C4 species, Amaranthus viridis L. exhibited a significant bioaccumulation of aluminium (Al) through the duration of 3- and 5-days exposure. As compared to control, Amaranthus appeared as excess-accumulator with maximum 5.85-fold bioaccumulation of Al in root. Cellular responses to Al tolerance initially scored tissue specific distribution of metal through cortical layers revealed by electron microscopy. The affected cells changed an oxidative status as read by histochemical stains, particularly, for hydrogen peroxide. Osmotic stress and its stability were scored by maximum proline and free amino acids accumulation with 1.53 and 1.59-fold increase over control. The accumulation of phenolics and flavonoids were over expressed in the ranges of 2.48-2.50-fold and 2.00-1.5-fold at 3- and 5-days respectively against control. Anti-oxidation to detoxify Al stress was facilitated by variants of peroxidases. For exclusion mechanism of metal, esterase activity significantly over expressed with maximum value of 1.80-fold at 5-days. The polymorphism of esterase exhibited few significant over produced bands, varied in numbers as detected by densitometric scanning. Moreover, plant extract was satisfactorily potential under in vitro anti-oxidation systems through assay of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), ferric chelation activity etc. Therefore, weeds like Amaranthus would be a bioprospecting in role likely involved in phytoremediation of metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bipul Sarkar
- Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235 India
- Department of Botany, Karimpur Pannadevi College, Karimpur, West Bengal 741152 India
| | - Indraneel Saha
- Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235 India
| | - Arnab Kumar De
- Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235 India
| | - Arijit Ghosh
- Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235 India
| | - M. K. Adak
- Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal 741235 India
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Ibrahim RR, Ibrahim HA, Shabana SS, El-Hosari DG, Ali SA, Mahgoub S, Moharram FA. New phenolic compounds from Calothamnus quadrifidus R.Br. aerial parts and their antioxidant activity. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:5183-5191. [PMID: 32643423 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1789982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Two new compounds calothphenone (1) and 6-methoxy kaempferol 3-O-(6″-E-p-coumaroyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside (6-methoxy tiliroside) (2) along with six known compounds viz gallic acid (3), methyl gallate (4), kaempferol 3-O-(6″-E-p-coumaroyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside (tiliroside) (5), castalagin (6), kaempferol (7) and quercetin (8) were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) of 80% aqueous methanol extract of Calothamnus quadrifidus aerial parts. Their structure was established based on different chemical and spectroscopic techniques (1H-/13C-NMR and 2D NMR). Antioxidant activity for EAF and compounds 1, 2 and 5 was evaluated using DPPH, superoxide radical and nitric oxide (NO) inhibition methods. EAF exhibited strong activity to inhibit DPPH, superoxide and NO radicals. Moreover, all tested compounds demonstrated a close high ability to inhibit superoxide and NO radicals in comparison to ascorbic acid, but they exerted lower activity towards DPPH radical.[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham R Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Haitham A Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samah S Shabana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science and drug manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Doaa G El-Hosari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sahar A Ali
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shahenda Mahgoub
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma A Moharram
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
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Lazarini JG, Franchin M, Soares JC, Nani BD, Massarioli AP, de Alencar SM, Rosalen PL. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential, in vivo toxicity, and polyphenolic composition of Eugenia selloi B.D.Jacks. (pitangatuba), a Brazilian native fruit. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234157. [PMID: 32516332 PMCID: PMC7282636 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Brazilian native fruits are a rich source of polyphenolic compounds that can act as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents. Here, we determined the polyphenolic composition, anti-inflammatory mechanism of action, antioxidant activity and systemic toxicity in Galleria mellonella larvae of Eugenia selloi B.D.Jacks. (synonym Eugenia neonitida Sobral) extract (Ese) and its polyphenol-rich fraction (F3) obtained through bioassay-guided fractionation. Phenolic compounds present in Ese and F3 were identified by LC-ESI-QTOF-MS. The anti-inflammatory activity of Ese and F3 was tested in vitro and in vivo through NF-κB activation, cytokine release and neutrophil migration assays. The samples were tested for their effects against reactive species (ROO•, O2•-, HOCl and NO•) and for their toxicity in Galleria mellonella larvae model. The presence of hydroxybenzoic acid, ellagitannins and flavonoids was identified. Ese and F3 reduced NF-κB activation, cytokine release and neutrophil migration, with F3 being three-fold more potent. Overall, F3 exhibited strong antioxidant effects against biologically relevant radicals, and neither Ese nor F3 were toxic to G. mellonella larvae. In conclusion, Ese and F3 revealed the presence of phenolic compounds that decreased the inflammatory parameters evaluated and inhibited reactive oxygen/nitrogen species. E. selloi is a novel source of bioactive compounds that may provide benefits for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josy Goldoni Lazarini
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Franchin
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail: (MF); (PLR)
| | - Jackeline Cintra Soares
- Department of Agri-Food Industry, Food and Nutrition, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Dias Nani
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adna Prado Massarioli
- Department of Agri-Food Industry, Food and Nutrition, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Severino Matias de Alencar
- Department of Agri-Food Industry, Food and Nutrition, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Luiz Rosalen
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Biological Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail: (MF); (PLR)
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Selected in vitro methods to determine antioxidant activity of hydrophilic/lipophilic substances. ACTA CHIMICA SLOVACA 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/acs-2019-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The topic of free radicals and related antioxidants is greatly discussed nowadays. Antioxidants help to neutralize free radicals before damaging cells. In the absence of antioxidants, a phenomenon called oxidative stress occurs. Oxidative stress can cause many diseases e.g. Alzheimer’s disease and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, antioxidant activity of various compounds and the mechanism of their action have to be studied. Antioxidant activity and capacity are measured by in vitro and in vivo methods; in vitro methods are divided into two groups according to chemical reactions between free radicals and antioxidants. The first group is based on the transfer of hydrogen atoms (HAT), the second one on the transfer of electrons (ET). The most frequently used methods in the field of antioxidant power measurement are discussed in this work in terms of their principle, mechanism, methodology, the way of results evaluation and possible pitfalls.
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ISHTIAQ SAIQA, HANIF UZMA, SHAHEEN SHABNUM, BAHADUR SARAJ, LIAQAT IRAM, AWAN UMERFAROOQ, SHAHID MEMUNAGHAFOOR, SHUAIB MUHAMMAD, ZAMAN WAJID, MEO MEHWISH. Antioxidant potential and chemical characterization of bioactive compounds from a medicinal plant Colebrokea oppositifolia Sm. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 92:e20190387. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020190387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - WAJID ZAMAN
- Quaid-I-Azam University, Pakistan; State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
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Provenzano F, Sánchez JL, Rao E, Santonocito R, Ditta LA, Borrás Linares I, Passantino R, Campisi P, Dia MG, Costa MA, Segura-Carretero A, San Biagio PL, Giacomazza D. Water Extract of Cryphaea heteromalla (Hedw.) D. Mohr Bryophyte as a Natural Powerful Source of Biologically Active Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225560. [PMID: 31703399 PMCID: PMC6887972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bryophytes comprise of the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Cryphaea heteromalla, (Hedw.) D. Mohr, is a non-vascular lower plant belonging to mosses group. To the date, the most chemically characterized species belong to the liverworts, while only 3.2% and 8.8% of the species belonging to the mosses and hornworts, respectively, have been investigated. In this work, we present Folin-Ciocalteu and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) data related to crude extracts of C. heteromalla obtained by three different extraction solvents: pure water (WT), methanol:water (80:20 v/v) (MET), and ethanol:water (80:20 v/v) (ETH). The water extract proved to be the best solvent showing the highest content of biophenols and the highest ORAC value. The C. heteromalla-WT extract was investigated by HPLC-TOF/MS (High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Time of Flight/Mass Spectrometry) allowing for the detection of 14 compounds, five of which were phenolic compounds, derivatives of benzoic, caffeic, and coumaric acids. Moreover, the C. heteromalla WT extract showed a protective effect against reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBH) on the murine NIH-3T3 fibroblast cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorenza Provenzano
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
| | - Jesús Lozano Sánchez
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Granada, Campus Universitario s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Center of Research and Development of Functional Food, Health Science Technological Park, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Granada, Spain; (I.B.L.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - Estella Rao
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
| | - Radha Santonocito
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
| | - Lorena Anna Ditta
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
| | - Isabel Borrás Linares
- Center of Research and Development of Functional Food, Health Science Technological Park, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Granada, Spain; (I.B.L.); (A.S.-C.)
| | - Rosa Passantino
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
| | - Patrizia Campisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 38, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (P.C.)
| | - Maria Giovanna Dia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 38, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (P.C.)
| | - Maria Assunta Costa
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.C.); (P.L.S.B.)
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Center of Research and Development of Functional Food, Health Science Technological Park, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Granada, Spain; (I.B.L.); (A.S.-C.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Pier Luigi San Biagio
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.C.); (P.L.S.B.)
| | - Daniela Giacomazza
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (F.P.); (E.R.); (R.S.); (L.A.D.); (R.P.); (D.G.)
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Medicinal uses, thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography profiles of plant species from Abomey-Calavi and Dantokpa Market in the Republic of Benin. J Nat Med 2019; 74:311-322. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-019-01344-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Al-Tannak NF, Khadra I, Igoli NP, Igoli JO. LC-MS analysis of oils of Monodora myristica and Monodora tenuifolia and isolation of a novel cyclopropane fatty acid. Nat Prod Res 2019; 34:1227-1232. [PMID: 30663373 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1556653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Seeds of Monodora myristica and M. tenuifolia were extracted with hexane and the extracts were subjected to column chromatography, LC-MS and NMR analysis. In addition to masses of previously isolated compounds, other masses corresponding to unidentified compounds from the plants were detected. Using 2 D NMR techniques, one of the fractions from M. tenuifolia was characterised as a novel 13-(2-butylcyclopropyl)-6,9-dodecadienoic acid. However, none of the compounds detected in LC-MS corresponded to the ones previously identified by GC-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- N F Al-Tannak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait.,Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Ibrahim Khadra
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - N P Igoli
- Centre for Food Technology and Research, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - J O Igoli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
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Fu H, Hu O, Xu L, Fan Y, Shi Q, Guo X, Lan W, Yang T, Xie S, She Y. Simultaneous Recognition of Species, Quality Grades, and Multivariate Calibration of Antioxidant Activities for 12 Famous Green Teas Using Mid- and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Coupled with Chemometrics. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2019; 2019:4372395. [PMID: 30719372 PMCID: PMC6334341 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4372395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, mid- and near-infrared spectroscopy fingerprints were combined to simultaneously discriminate 12 famous green teas and quantitatively characterize their antioxidant activities using chemometrics. A supervised pattern recognition method based on partial least square discriminant analysis (PLSDA) was adopted to classify the 12 famous green teas with different species and quality grades, and then optimized sample-weighted least-squares support vector machine (OSWLS-SVM) based on particle swarm optimization was employed to investigate the quantitative relationship between their antioxidant activities and the spectral fingerprints. As a result, 12 famous green teas can be discriminated with a recognition rate of 100% by MIR or NIR data. However, compared with individual instrumental data, data fusion was more adequate for modeling the antioxidant activities of samples with RMSEP of 0.0065. Finally, the performance of the proposed method was evaluated and validated by some statistical parameters and the elliptical joint confidence region (EJCR) test. The results indicate that fusion of mid- and near-infrared spectroscopy suggests a new avenue to discriminate the species and grades of green teas. Moreover, the proposed method also implies other promising applications with more accurate multivariate calibration of antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Fu
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ou Hu
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lu Xu
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, Guizhou, China
| | - Yao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Qiong Shi
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaoming Guo
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wei Lan
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Tianming Yang
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shunping Xie
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Guizhou Industrial Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550009, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuanbin She
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
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Weinberg RP, Koledova VV, Schneider K, Sambandan TG, Grayson A, Zeidman G, Artamonova A, Sambanthamurthi R, Fairus S, Sinskey AJ, Rha C. Palm Fruit Bioactives modulate human astrocyte activity in vitro altering the cytokine secretome reducing levels of TNFα, RANTES and IP-10. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16423. [PMID: 30401897 PMCID: PMC6219577 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34763-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, are becoming more prevalent and an increasing burden on society. Neurodegenerative diseases often arise in the milieu of neuro-inflammation of the brain. Reactive astrocytes are key regulators in the development of neuro-inflammation. This study describes the effects of Palm Fruit Bioactives (PFB) on the behavior of human astrocytes which have been activated by IL-1β. When activated, the astrocytes proliferate, release numerous cytokines/chemokines including TNFα, RANTES (CCL5), IP-10 (CXCL10), generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), and express specific cell surface biomarkers such as the Intercellular Adhesion Molecule (ICAM), Vascular Cellular Adhesion Molecule (VCAM) and the Neuronal Cellular Adhesion Molecule (NCAM). Interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β) causes activation of human astrocytes with marked upregulation of pro-inflammatory genes. We show significant inhibition of these pro-inflammatory processes when IL-1β-activated astrocytes are exposed to PFB. PFB causes a dose-dependent and time-dependent reduction in specific cytokines: TNFα, RANTES, and IP-10. We also show that PFB significantly reduces ROS production by IL-1β-activated astrocytes. Furthermore, PFB also reduces the expression of ICAM and VCAM, both in activated and naïve human astrocytes in vitro. Since reactive astrocytes play an essential role in the neuroinflammatory state preceding neurodegenerative diseases, this study suggests that PFB may have a potential role in their prevention and/or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Weinberg
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
- Biomaterials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Vera V Koledova
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Biomaterials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Kirsten Schneider
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Biomaterials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - T G Sambandan
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Biomaterials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Adlai Grayson
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Biomaterials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Gal Zeidman
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Biomaterials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Anastasia Artamonova
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Biomaterials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Ravigadevi Sambanthamurthi
- Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, 6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Syed Fairus
- Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, 6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Anthony J Sinskey
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Biomaterials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - ChoKyun Rha
- Biomaterials Science and Engineering Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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Superoxide Formation in Cardiac Mitochondria and Effect of Phenolic Antioxidants. Cell Biochem Biophys 2018; 77:99-107. [PMID: 30218405 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-018-0857-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Since mitochondria are the main cellular source of reactive oxygen species, it is important to study the effect of dietary phenolic compounds on the level of ROS in these organelles. Using the EPR spectroscopy and TIRON probe, the ability of the investigated phenols (quercetin, rutin, caffeic acid, curcumin, and resveratrol) to scavenge superoxide anion radicals generated by isolated heart mitochondria of Wistar rats under variable oxygen partial pressure was studied. It was shown that during a 10 min incubation, caffeic acid in concentrations of 10-500 μM most effectively scavenged superoxide radicals formed in the complex III of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. A comparable antioxidant effect of rutin under these experimental conditions was observed at higher concentrations of 1-10 mM. The antioxidant activity of quercetin in the concentration range of 10-500 μM during the first minutes of incubation was higher than that of caffeic acid. Of the phenolic compounds studied, curcumin had the least effect on the superoxide radicals.
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41
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Cheaib D, El Darra N, Rajha HN, Ghazzawi IE, Maroun RG, Louka N. Biological activity of apricot byproducts polyphenols using solid-liquid and infrared-assisted technology. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dina Cheaib
- Beirut Arab University, Faculty of Sciences; P.O. Box 115020, Riad El Solh, 1107 2809; Beirut Lebanon
| | - Nada El Darra
- Beirut Arab University, Faculty of Health Sciences; Tarik El Jedidah - Beirut, P.O. Box 115020 Riad El Solh 1107 2809; Beirut Lebanon
| | - Hiba N. Rajha
- Unité de Recherche Technologies et Valorisation Agro-alimentaire, Centre d'Analyses et de Recherche, Faculté des Sciences; Université Saint-Joseph, B.P. 11-514 Riad El Solh; Beirut Lebanon
| | - Iman El Ghazzawi
- Beirut Arab University, Faculty of Health Sciences; Tarik El Jedidah - Beirut, P.O. Box 115020 Riad El Solh 1107 2809; Beirut Lebanon
| | - Richard G. Maroun
- Unité de Recherche Technologies et Valorisation Agro-alimentaire, Centre d'Analyses et de Recherche, Faculté des Sciences; Université Saint-Joseph, B.P. 11-514 Riad El Solh; Beirut Lebanon
| | - Nicolas Louka
- Unité de Recherche Technologies et Valorisation Agro-alimentaire, Centre d'Analyses et de Recherche, Faculté des Sciences; Université Saint-Joseph, B.P. 11-514 Riad El Solh; Beirut Lebanon
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42
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Emsen B, Togar B, Turkez H, Aslan A. Effects of two lichen acids isolated from Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf in cultured human lymphocytes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 73:303-312. [DOI: 10.1515/znc-2017-0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The present study aims at assessing the efficacies of olivetoric acid (OA) and physodic acid (PA) isolated from Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf (Parmeliaceae) in human lymphocytes (HLs) in vitro. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays were performed to establish cytotoxicity in HLs. Besides, oxidative stress and genotoxicity were monitored by estimating the changes of total oxidative stress (TOS) and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) levels, respectively, in HLs. At the same time, OA- and PA-induced total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels in HLs were determined. Although especially low concentrations of OA (IC50=109.94 mg/L) and PA (IC50=665.49 mg/L) did not show cytotoxic effect at high levels in HLs, it was revealed that cytotoxicity was significantly (p<0.05) associated with oxidative stress and genotoxicity via correlation analysis. While TOS level in HLs did not statistically (p>0.05) increase in the presence of all treatments (0.5–100 mg/L) of PA, TAC level was increased by PA applications in certain concentrations (0.5–10 mg/L). Overall, the obtained data indicate that OA and especially PA as lichen compounds that do not cause oxidative stress can be a new resource of therapeutics as recognized in the present study with their high antioxidant features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bugrahan Emsen
- Department of Biology, Kamil Özdağ Faculty of Science , Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University , Karaman , Turkey , Phone: +90-3382263825, Fax: +90-3382262150
| | - Basak Togar
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques , Vocational School of Health Services, Bayburt University , Bayburt , Turkey
| | - Hasan Turkez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics , Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University , Erzurum , Turkey
- Department of Pharmacy , University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy
| | - Ali Aslan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Van Yüzüncü Yıl University , Van , Turkey
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Moldovan Z, Buleandră M, Oprea E, Mînea Z. Studies on Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Rudbeckia triloba. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2017; 2017:3407312. [PMID: 29279786 PMCID: PMC5723952 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3407312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The paper describes the physicochemical studies made on the decorative plant, Rudbeckia triloba (Asteraceae). For this purpose, essential oil, infusion, decoction, and hydroalcoholic macerate obtained from different aerial parts of Rudbeckia triloba were analyzed. The main phytochemical constituents identified by GC-MS analysis were found to be α-pinene (in dried leaves (46.0%) and flowers (40.1%)) and β-phellandrene (in essential oil of dried inflorescences (26.09%)). The Folin-Ciocalteu and quercetin assays revealed different values of total phenolic and flavonoid contents of petals, leaves, and seeds as a function of the solvent used and extraction procedure. The hydroalcoholic macerate of petals was found to present the maximum phenolic and flavonoid contents (130.29 ± 5.58 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry vegetable material and 30.72 ± 1.35 mg quercetin equivalent/g dry vegetable material, resp.) and also exhibits the lower value of EC50 (0.32% (v/v)), obtained by applying the DPPH· assay. Comparing the extraction methods applied, the maceration was found to be the most effective for phenolic compounds, most likely due to the solvent (70% ethanol). The use of water-alcohol mixture leads to an improvement of the extraction yield of phenolic compounds (including those with higher molecular weights) than by using water as extractive solvent, in the case of infusions and decocts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenovia Moldovan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 90–92 Panduri Av., 050663 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Buleandră
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 90–92 Panduri Av., 050663 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eliza Oprea
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 90–92 Panduri Av., 050663 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Zamfirica Mînea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, 90–92 Panduri Av., 050663 Bucharest, Romania
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Attiq A, Jalil J, Husain K. Annonaceae: Breaking the Wall of Inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:752. [PMID: 29104539 PMCID: PMC5654839 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inventories of tropical forests have listed Annonaceae as one of the most diverse plant families. For centuries, it is employed in traditional medicines to cure various pathological conditions including snakebite, analgesic, astringent, diarrhea, dysentery, arthritis pain, rheumatism, neuralgia, and weight loss etc. Phytochemical analysis of Annonaceae family have reported the occurrence of alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenes, diterpenes and diterpene flavone glycosides, sterols, lignans, and annonaceous acetogenin characteristically affiliated with Annonaceae sp. Numerous past studies have underlined the pleotropic pharmacological activities of the crude extracts and isolated compounds from Annonaceae species. This review is an effort to abridge the ethnobotany, morphology, phytochemistry, toxicity, and particularly focusing on the anti-inflammatory activity of the Annonaceae species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Attiq
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Juriyati Jalil
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khairana Husain
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Joël Essogo J, Moukette Moukette B, Tankeu FN, Nanfack P, Pieme CA. Zanthoxylum heitzii Modulates Ferric Nitrilotriacetate-Dependent Oxidative Alterations in Four Vital Organs: An In Vitro Organoprotective Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2017; 2017:6058150. [PMID: 28852413 PMCID: PMC5567441 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6058150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA) is a highly reactive compound used to induce degenerative disorders through oxidative stress (OS). Zanthoxylum heitzii (Z. heitzii) is a spice used as a medicinal plant to treat a variety of illnesses. This study investigated the ability of extracts from the leaves, fruits, roots, and barks of Z. Heitzii to inhibit Fe-NTA mediated oxidative damage in rats. The supernatant of rat liver homogenates was pretreated with the extracts for one hour before the induction of oxidative damage using a solution of Fe-NTA (400 mM). The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and peroxidases were measured together with the marker of lipid peroxidation and the level of glutathione. The pretreated groups showed a significant increase in the activity of SOD, catalase, and peroxidases. The methanolic extract from the leaves of Z. heitzii (36.78 ± 3.30) and aqueous extract from the fruits (37.01 ± 2.52) showed the highest activities of SOD in the liver. The lowest concentration of MDA was found in the liver, and the glutathione was greater in the brain. Conclusively, these results suggest that Z. heitzii might be a chemoprotector which may be used in for prevention of distinct types of diseases induced by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Joël Essogo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 1364, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Bruno Moukette Moukette
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 1364, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Francine Nzufo Tankeu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 1364, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Pauline Nanfack
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 1364, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Constant Anatole Pieme
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 1364, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Chester K, Paliwal S, Khan W, Ahmad S. UPLC-ESI-MS/MS and HPTLC Method for Quantitative Estimation of Cytotoxic Glycosides and Aglycone in Bioactivity Guided Fractions of Solanum nigrum L. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:434. [PMID: 28729835 PMCID: PMC5498608 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Solanum nigrum L., is traditionally used for the management of the various liver disorders. Investigating the effect of polarity based fractionation of S. nigrum for its hepatoprotective effect on Hep G2 cells in vitro to provide base of its activity by quantifying in steroidal glycosides responsible for hepatoprotective potential. A new UPLC-ESI-MS/MS method following a high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) has been developed and validated for quantification of steroidal glycosides and aglycone (solasonine, solamargine, and solasodine, respectively). The in vitro antioxidant potential, total phenolics, and flavonoid content were also determined in different fractions. The newly developed UPLC-ESI-MS/MS and HPTLC methods were linear (r2 ≥ 0.99), precise, accurate, and showing recovery more than 97%. The n-butanol enriched fraction of S. nigrum berries was found to be the most potent hepatoprotective fraction against all other fractions as it showed significantly (p < 0.01) better in vitro anti-oxidant potential than other fractions. Quantification by both methods revealed that, content of steroidal glycosides and aglycones are more than 20% in n-butanol fraction as compared to other fractions. The screened steroidal glycoside n-butanol enriched fraction underwent bioefficacy studies against D-galactosamine and H2O2 induced toxicity in HepG2 cell line showing significant (p < 0.05) liver protection. However, developed method can be used for the quality control analysis with respect to targeted metabolites and it can be explored for the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis in future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Washim Khan
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard UniversityNew Delhi, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard UniversityNew Delhi, India
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Antioxidant and Synergistic Antidiabetic Activities of a Three-Plant Preparation Used in Cameroon Folk Medicine. INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARLY RESEARCH NOTICES 2017; 2017:9501675. [PMID: 28529969 PMCID: PMC5424193 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9501675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Introduction. Several plant preparations like a mixture of aqueous extracts of Spilanthes africana; Portulaca oleracea; and Sida rhombifolia are currently utilized in Foumban (West Cameroon) to manage diabetes. The aim of this study is to investigate the antidiabetic property of the aqueous mixture of three plant extracts (1 : 1 : 1) on streptozotocin induced diabetes rats. Methods. Diabetes was induced to rats by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. The diabetic rats received different dosages of the mixture of extracts for 21 days and glibenclamide 6.5 mg/kg b.w. as positive control. Results. The results showed that the mixture of extracts significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the level of the glycaemia, the total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL-cholesterol as well as MDA, AST, ALT, and creatinine levels. It also increased significantly the concentration of HDL-cholesterol, glutathione, and TAOS. A great reduction of the atherogenic indexes CT/HDL and LDL/HDL of the treated groups was observed. Each extract and the mixture demonstrated significant scavenging property on DPPH and OH radicals and present a good antioxidant property. Conclusion. The mixture of plant extracts has hypoglycemic, antioxidant, and hypolipidemic properties and can be used for the management of diabetes mellitus.
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Ismail HF, Hashim Z, Soon WT, Rahman NSA, Zainudin AN, Majid FAA. Comparative study of herbal plants on the phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant activities and toxicity on cells and zebrafish embryo. J Tradit Complement Med 2017; 7:452-465. [PMID: 29034193 PMCID: PMC5634737 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural antioxidants derived from plants have shown a tremendous inhibitory effect on free radicals in actively metabolizing cells. Overproduction of free radicals increases the risk factor of chronic diseases associated with diabetes, cancer, arthritis and cardiovascular disease. Andrographis paniculata, Cinnamon zeylanicum, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Eugenia polyantha and Orthosiphon stamineus are ethnomedicinal plants used in the Asian region to treat various illnesses from a common fever to metabolic disease. In this study, we have quantified the total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid content (TFC) in these plants and its inhibitory effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radicals as well as the cytotoxicity effect on cell lines proliferation and zebrafish embryogenesis. Results showed that Cinnamon zeylanicum and E. polyantha have the highest phenolic and flavonoid content. Furthermore, both herbs significantly inhibited the formation of DPPH and ABTS free radicals. Meanwhile, O. stamineus exhibited minimum cytotoxicity and embryotoxicity on tested models. Good correlation between IC50 of 3T3-L1 cells and LC50 embyrotoxicity was also found. This study revealed the potent activity of antioxidant against free radical and the toxicology levels of the tested herbal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Fahmi Ismail
- Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical & Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Malaysia
| | - Zanariah Hashim
- Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical & Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Malaysia
| | - Wong Tet Soon
- Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical & Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Malaysia
| | | | - Ain Nabihah Zainudin
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Malaysia
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Talalaeva OS, Zverev YF, Bryukhanov VM. Mechanisms of Antiradical Activity of 2,3,5,6,8-Pentahydroxy-7-Ethyl-1,4-Naphthoquinone (A Review). Pharm Chem J 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-016-1450-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Medicinal attributes of major phenylpropanoids present in cinnamon. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:156. [PMID: 27245453 PMCID: PMC4888509 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1147-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Excessive production of free radicals has been implicated in many diseases including cancer. They are highly reactive and bring about oxidation of biomolecules i.e., proteins, lipids and nucleic acids which are associated with many degenerative diseases. Natural products acting as antioxidants have ability to neutralize free radicals and their actions and hence they mitigate their harmful effects. The present study was designed to investigate pharmacological properties viz., antioxidant, antibacterial and antiproliferative activities of cinnamaldehyde and eugenol, the two naturally occurring phenylpropanoids present in Cinnamomum spp. and other plants. Methods The antioxidant potential of test compounds was evaluated by measuring DPPH free radical scavenging, reducing power and metal ion chelating activities. Protection against membrane damage was assayed by inhibition of lipid peroxidation in rat liver homogenate. Antibacterial activity was measured by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method while antiproliferative activity of test compounds was measured by sulforhodamine-B (SRB) assay. Results Eugenol exhibited noticeable antioxidant potential in DPPH radical scavenging (81 %) and reducing power (1.12) assays at 1.0 μM/ml and 0.1 μM/ml concentrations, respectively. IC50 value of eugenol for radical scavenging activity was found to be 0.495 μM/ml. Cinnamaldehyde demonstrated considerable metal ion chelating ability (75 %) at 50 μM/ml and moderate lipo-protective activity in lipid peroxidation assay at 3 μM/ml. In addition cinnamaldehyde also showed appreciable antibacterial activity (zone of inhibition 32–42 mm) against Bacillus cereus (MTCC 6840), Streptococcus mutans (MTCC 497), Proteus vulgaris (MTCC 7299), Salmonella typhi (MTCC 3917) and Bordetella bronchiseptica (MTCC 6838) while eugenol produced moderate activity at 80 μM/disc. Cinnamaldehyde exhibited comparatively better antiproliferative potential against breast (T47D) and lung (NCI-H322) cancer cell lines than eugenol in SRB assay at 50 μM concentration. Conclusion Cinnamaldehyde possessed metal ion chelating, lipo-protective, antibacterial and antiproliferative activities while eugenol showed potent H-atom donating potential indicating radical quenching and reducing power abilities. Medicinal attributes shown by both the compounds indicated their usefulness in food and pharmaceutical sector.
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