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Huynh TN, Toperzer J, Scherer A, Gumina A, Brunetti T, Mansour MK, Markovitz DM, Russo BC. Vimentin regulates mitochondrial ROS production and inflammatory responses of neutrophils. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.11.589146. [PMID: 38659904 PMCID: PMC11042233 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.11.589146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The intermediate filament vimentin is present in immune cells and is implicated in proinflammatory immune responses. Whether and how it supports antimicrobial activities of neutrophils is not well established. Here, we developed an immortalized neutrophil model to examine the requirement of vimentin. We demonstrate that vimentin restricts the production of proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS), but enhances phagocytosis and swarming. We observe that vimentin is dispensable for neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, degranulation, and inflammasome activation. Moreover, gene expression analysis demonstrated that the presence of vimentin was associated with changes in expression of multiple genes required for mitochondrial function and ROS overproduction. Treatment of wild-type cells with rotenone, an inhibitor for complex I of the electron transport chain, increases the ROS levels. Likewise, treatment with mitoTEMPO, a SOD mimetic, rescues the ROS production in cells lacking vimentin. Together, these data show vimentin regulates neutrophil antimicrobial functions and alters ROS levels through regulation of mitochondrial activity.
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2
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Parvanian S, Coelho-Rato LS, Patteson AE, Eriksson JE. Vimentin takes a hike - Emerging roles of extracellular vimentin in cancer and wound healing. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2023; 85:102246. [PMID: 37783033 PMCID: PMC11214764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Vimentin is a cytoskeletal protein important for many cellular processes, including proliferation, migration, invasion, stress resistance, signaling, and many more. The vimentin-deficient mouse has revealed many of these functions as it has numerous severe phenotypes, many of which are found only following a suitable challenge or stress. While these functions are usually related to vimentin as a major intracellular protein, vimentin is also emerging as an extracellular protein, exposed at the cell surface in an oligomeric form or secreted to the extracellular environment in soluble and vesicle-bound forms. Thus, this review explores the roles of the extracellular pool of vimentin (eVIM), identified in both normal and pathological states. It focuses specifically on the recent advances regarding the role of eVIM in wound healing and cancer. Finally, it discusses new technologies and future perspectives for the clinical application of eVIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Parvanian
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland; Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Leila S Coelho-Rato
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Alison E Patteson
- Physics Department and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA
| | - John E Eriksson
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520, Turku, Finland; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland; Euro-Bioimaging ERIC, 20520 Turku, Finland.
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3
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van Loon K, van Breest Smallenburg ME, Huijbers EJM, Griffioen AW, van Beijnum JR. Extracellular vimentin as a versatile immune suppressive protein in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188985. [PMID: 37717859 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The interest in finding new targets in the tumor microenvironment for anti-cancer therapy has increased rapidly over the years. More specifically, the tumor-associated blood vessels are a promising target. We recently found that the intermediate filament protein vimentin is externalized by endothelial cells of the tumor vasculature. Extracellular vimentin was shown to sustain angiogenesis by mimicking VEGF and supporting cell migration, as well as endothelial cell anergy, the unresponsiveness of the endothelium to proinflammatory cytokines. The latter hampers immune cell infiltration and subsequently provides escape from tumor immunity. Other studies showed that extracellular vimentin plays a role in sustained systemic and local inflammation. Here we will review the reported roles of extracellular vimentin with a particular emphasis on its involvement in the interactions between immune cells and the endothelium in the tumor microenvironment. To this end, we discuss the different ways by which extracellular vimentin modulates the immune system. Moreover, we review how this protein can alter immune cell-vessel wall adhesion by altering the expression of adhesion proteins, attenuating immune cell infiltration into the tumor parenchyma. Finally, we discuss how vimentin-targeting therapy can reverse endothelial cell anergy and promote immune infiltration, supporting anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlijn van Loon
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mathilda E van Breest Smallenburg
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth J M Huijbers
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; CimCure BV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; CimCure BV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Judy R van Beijnum
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; CimCure BV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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4
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Riegger J, Brenner RE. Increase of cell surface vimentin is associated with vimentin network disruption and subsequent stress-induced premature senescence in human chondrocytes. eLife 2023; 12:e91453. [PMID: 37855367 PMCID: PMC10622146 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of dysfunctional chondrocytes has detrimental consequences on the cartilagehomeostasis and is thus thought to play a crucial role during the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis(OA). However, the underlying mechanisms of phenotypical alteration in chondrocytes areincompletely understood. Here, we provide evidence that disruption of the intracellularvimentin network and consequent phenotypical alteration in human chondrocytes results in anexternalization of the intermediate filament. The presence of the so-called cell surfacevimentin (CSV) on chondrocytes was associated with the severity of tissue degeneration inclinical OA samples and was enhanced after mechanical injury of cartilage tissue. By meansof a doxorubicine-based in vitro model of stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS), wecould confirm the connection between cellular senescence and amount of CSV. AlthoughsiRNA-mediated silencing of CDKN2A clearly reduced the senescent phenotype as well asCSV levels of human chondrocytes, cellular senescence could not be completely reversed.Interestingly, knockdown of vimentin resulted in a SIPS-like phenotype and consequentlyincreased CSV. Therefore, we concluded that the integrity of the intracellular vimentinnetwork is crucial to maintain cellular function in chondrocytes. This assumption could beconfirmed by chemically- induced collapse of the vimentin network, which resulted in cellularstress and enhanced CSV expression. Regarding its biological function, CSV was found to beassociated with enhanced chondrocyte adhesion and plasticity. While osteogenic capacitiesseemed to be enhanced in chondrocytes expressing high levels of CSV, the chondrogenicpotential was clearly compromised. Overall, our study reinforces the importance of thevimentin network in maintenance of the chondrogenic phenotype and introduces CSV as anovel membrane-bound marker of dysfunctional chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Riegger
- Division for Biochemistry of Joint and Connective Tissue Diseases, Department of Orthopedics, University of UlmUlmGermany
| | - Rolf E Brenner
- Division for Biochemistry of Joint and Connective Tissue Diseases, Department of Orthopedics, University of UlmUlmGermany
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5
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Arrindell J, Desnues B. Vimentin: from a cytoskeletal protein to a critical modulator of immune response and a target for infection. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1224352. [PMID: 37475865 PMCID: PMC10354447 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1224352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Vimentin is an intermediate filament protein that plays a role in cell processes, including cell migration, cell shape and plasticity, or organelle anchorage. However, studies from over the last quarter-century revealed that vimentin can be expressed at the cell surface and even secreted and that its implications in cell physiology largely exceed structural and cytoskeletal functions. Consequently, vimentin contributes to several pathophysiological conditions such as cancer, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, or infection. In this review, we aimed at covering these various roles and highlighting vimentin implications in the immune response. We also provide an overview of how some microbes including bacteria and viruses have acquired the ability to circumvent vimentin functions in order to interfere with host responses and promote their uptake, persistence, and egress from host cells. Lastly, we discuss the therapeutic approaches associated with vimentin targeting, leading to several beneficial effects such as preventing infection, limiting inflammatory responses, or the progression of cancerous events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Arrindell
- Aix Marseille Univ, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI), Marseille, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Benoit Desnues
- Aix Marseille Univ, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI), Marseille, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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6
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Bansal S, Franz BJ, Land G, Mohanakumar T, Zangwill S. Pre-existing Ab against vimentin leads to false-positive HLA Ab results in two pediatric heart transplant candidates. Pediatr Transplant 2022; 26:e14302. [PMID: 35509112 DOI: 10.1111/petr.14302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HLA Ab analysis is carried out as a routine assay both pre- and post-heart transplantation to identify Abs directed against HLA with a focus post-transplant on those Abs that are donor-specific. While virtual crossmatching has decreased the requirement for prospective crossmatching in many cases, the management of highly sensitized children on the heart transplant waitlist remains challenging and can delay the ability to successfully identify a suitable organ. METHODS This report describes the histocompatibility assessment and management of identical twin boys with familial restrictive cardiomyopathy serially listed for transplant. The boys presented with HLA Ab testing that demonstrated broad pan-DR reactivity which included Abs directed against SAgs. RESULTS Our team began investigating the initial Ab results soon after listing the first child; the brother was listed 8 days later and had the same broad Ab profile. The clinical lab ran multiple investigative crossmatches using donor samples with known antigen typing and continued to see broad reactivity. We then partnered with an affiliated research lab where we identified high-level Abs directed against vimentin along with vimentin-positive exosomes in both boys. CONCLUSIONS While Abs directed against the self-antigen vimentin has been described to cause false-positive tissue crossmatches, this is the first report of these Abs being associated with false-positive Ab screens using solid-phase assays. This finding informed our management and surveillance in these two vulnerable pediatric heart transplant candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Bansal
- Norton Thoracic Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | | | | | | | - Steven Zangwill
- Cardiology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
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Nair N. Vascular rejection in cardiac allograft vasculopathy: Impact on graft survival. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:919036. [PMID: 35990962 PMCID: PMC9386065 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.919036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Thalla DG, Rajwar AC, Laurent AM, Becher JE, Kainka L, Lautenschläger F. Extracellular vimentin is expressed at the rear of activated macrophage-like cells: Potential role in enhancement of migration and phagocytosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:891281. [PMID: 35923851 PMCID: PMC9340215 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.891281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages have a vital role in the immune system through elimination of cell debris and microorganisms by phagocytosis. The activation of macrophages by tumour necrosis factor-α induces expression of extracellular cell-surface vimentin and promotes release of this vimentin into the extracellular environment. Vimentin is a cytoskeletal protein that is primarily located in the cytoplasm of cells. However, under circumstances like injury, stress, senescence and activation, vimentin can be expressed on the extracellular cell surface, or it can be released into the extracellular space. The characteristics of this extracellular vimentin, and its implications for the functional role of macrophages and the mechanism of secretion remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that vimentin is released mainly from the back of macrophage-like cells. This polarisation is strongly enhanced upon macrophage activation. One-dimensional patterned lines showed that extracellular cell-surface vimentin is localised primarily at the back of activated macrophage-like cells. Through two-dimensional migration and phagocytosis assays, we show that this extracellular vimentin enhances migration and phagocytosis of macrophage-like cells. We further show that this extracellular vimentin forms agglomerates on the cell surface, in contrast to its intracellular filamentous form, and that it is released into the extracellular space in the form of small fragments. Taken together, we provide new insights into the release of extracellular cell-surface vimentin and its implications for macrophage functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lucina Kainka
- Experimental Physics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Franziska Lautenschläger
- Experimental Physics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Centre for Biophysics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- *Correspondence: Franziska Lautenschläger,
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Kolman JP, Pagerols Raluy L, Müller I, Nikolaev VO, Trochimiuk M, Appl B, Wadehn H, Dücker CM, Stoll FD, Boettcher M, Reinshagen K, Trah J. NET Release of Long-Term Surviving Neutrophils. Front Immunol 2022; 13:815412. [PMID: 35242132 PMCID: PMC8887621 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.815412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)—as double-edged swords of innate immunity—are involved in numerous processes such as infection, inflammation and tissue repair. Research on neutrophil granulocytes is limited because of their short lifetime of only a few hours. Several attempts have been made to prolong the half-life of neutrophils using cytokines and bacterial products and have shown promising results. These long-term surviving neutrophils are reported to maintain phagocytic activity and cytokine release; however, little is known regarding their capability to release NETs. Methods We analysed the prolongation of neutrophil survival in vitro under various culture conditions using granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) by flow cytometry and a viability assay. Additionally, we assessed NET formation following stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) by immunofluorescence staining, myeloperoxidase (MPO)-DNA sandwich-ELISA and fluorometric assays for cell-free DNA (cfDNA), neutrophil elastase (NE) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Results Untreated neutrophils could form NETs after stimulation with PMA for up to 24 h. Incubation with LPS extended their ability to form NETs for up to 48 h. At 48 h, NET release of neutrophils cultured with LPS was significantly higher compared to that of untreated cells; however, no significantly different enzymatic activity of NE and MPO was observed. Similarly, incubation with G-CSF resulted in significantly higher NET release at 48 h compared to untreated cells. Furthermore, NETs showed significantly higher enzymatic activity of NE and MPO after incubation with G-CSF. Lastly, incubation with TNF-α had no influence on NET release compared to untreated cells although survival counts were altered by TNF-α. Conclusions G-CSF, LPS or TNF-α each at low concentrations lead to prolonged survival of cultured neutrophils, resulting in considerable differences in NET formation and composition. These results provide new information for the use of neutrophils in long-term experiments for NET formation and provide novel insights for neutrophil behaviour under inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Philipp Kolman
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laia Pagerols Raluy
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Müller
- Division of Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Viacheslav O Nikolaev
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Magdalena Trochimiuk
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Appl
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hannah Wadehn
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Maria Dücker
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fabian David Stoll
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Boettcher
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Konrad Reinshagen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julian Trah
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Surolia R, Antony VB. Pathophysiological Role of Vimentin Intermediate Filaments in Lung Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:872759. [PMID: 35573702 PMCID: PMC9096236 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.872759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vimentin intermediate filaments, a type III intermediate filament, are among the most widely studied IFs and are found abundantly in mesenchymal cells. Vimentin intermediate filaments localize primarily in the cytoplasm but can also be found on the cell surface and extracellular space. The cytoplasmic vimentin is well-recognized for its role in providing mechanical strength and regulating cell migration, adhesion, and division. The post-translationally modified forms of Vimentin intermediate filaments have several implications in host-pathogen interactions, cancers, and non-malignant lung diseases. This review will analyze the role of vimentin beyond just the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker highlighting its role as a regulator of host-pathogen interactions and signaling pathways for the pathophysiology of various lung diseases. In addition, we will also examine the clinically relevant anti-vimentin compounds and antibodies that could potentially interfere with the pathogenic role of Vimentin intermediate filaments in lung disease.
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Wang L, Mohanasundaram P, Lindström M, Asghar MN, Sultana G, Misiorek JO, Jiu Y, Chen H, Chen Z, Toivola DM, Cheng F, Eriksson JE. Vimentin Suppresses Inflammation and Tumorigenesis in the Mouse Intestine. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:862237. [PMID: 35399505 PMCID: PMC8993042 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.862237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Vimentin has been implicated in wound healing, inflammation, and cancer, but its functional contribution to intestinal diseases is poorly understood. To study how vimentin is involved during tissue injury and repair of simple epithelium, we induced colonic epithelial cell damage in the vimentin null (Vim−/−) mouse model. Vim−/− mice challenged with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) had worse colitis manifestations than wild-type (WT) mice. Vim−/− colons also produced more reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, possibly contributing to the pathogenesis of gut inflammation and tumorigenesis than in WT mice. We subsequently describe that CD11b+ macrophages served as the mainly cellular source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production via vimentin-ROS-pSTAT3–interleukin-6 inflammatory pathways. Further, we demonstrated that Vim−/− mice did not develop colitis-associated cancer model upon DSS treatment spontaneously but increased tumor numbers and size in the distal colon in the azoxymethane/DSS model comparing with WT mice. Thus, vimentin has a crucial role in protection from colitis induction and tumorigenesis of the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linglu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ponnuswamy Mohanasundaram
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Michelle Lindström
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Asghar
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Giulia Sultana
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Julia O Misiorek
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Department of Molecular Neurooncology, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Yaming Jiu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Diana M Toivola
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Fang Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - John E Eriksson
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
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12
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Pediatric Brain Tumors: Signatures from the Intact Proteome. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063196. [PMID: 35328618 PMCID: PMC8949132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The present investigation aimed to explore the intact proteome of tissues of pediatric brain tumors of different WHO grades and localizations, including medulloblastoma, pilocytic astrocytoma, and glioblastoma, in comparison with the available data on ependymoma, to contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of these pathologies. Tissues have been homogenized in acidic water−acetonitrile solutions containing proteases inhibitors and analyzed by LC−high resolution MS for proteomic characterization and label-free relative quantitation. Tandem MS spectra have been analyzed by either manual inspection or software elaboration, followed by experimental/theoretical MS fragmentation data comparison by bioinformatic tools. Statistically significant differences in protein/peptide levels between the different tumor histotypes have been evaluated by ANOVA test and Tukey’s post-hoc test, considering a p-value > 0.05 as significant. Together with intact protein and peptide chains, in the range of molecular mass of 1.3−22.8 kDa, several naturally occurring fragments from major proteins, peptides, and proteoforms have been also identified, some exhibiting proper biological activities. Protein and peptide sequencing allowed for the identification of different post-translational modifications, with acetylations, oxidations, citrullinations, deamidations, and C-terminal truncations being the most frequently characterized. C-terminal truncations, lacking from two to four amino acid residues, particularly characterizing the β-thymosin peptides and ubiquitin, showed a different modulation in the diverse tumors studied. With respect to the other tumors, medulloblastoma, the most frequent malignant brain tumor of the pediatric age, was characterized by higher levels of thymosin β4 and β10 peptides, the latter and its des-IS form particularly marking this histotype. The distribution pattern of the C-terminal truncated forms was also different in glioblastoma, particularly underlying gender differences, according to the definition of male and female glioblastoma as biologically distinct diseases. Glioblastoma was also distinguished for the peculiar identification of the truncated form of the α-hemoglobin chain, lacking the C-terminal arginine, and exhibiting oxygen-binding and vasoconstrictive properties different from the intact form. The proteomic characterization of the undigested proteome, following the top-down approach, was challenging to originally investigate the post-translational events that differently characterize pediatric brain tumors. This study provides a contribution to elucidate the molecular profiles of the solid tumors most frequently affecting the pediatric age, and which are characterized by different grades of aggressiveness and localization.
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13
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Hashemi Karoii D, Azizi H. A review of protein-protein interaction and signaling pathway of Vimentin in cell regulation, morphology and cell differentiation in normal cells. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2022; 42:512-520. [PMID: 35296221 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2022.2047199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The Vimentin intermediate filament (VIF) is an essential cytoskeleton component. It shows dynamically changing expression patterns throughout various phases of the differentiation process, suggesting that the protein is physiologically important. Vimentin's essential functions have recently been clear, so Vimentin-deficient of animals was described as a change of morphology and signaling pathway. Recent research has discovered many vital roles for Vimentin that were previously unknown. VIF emerges as an organizer of many essential proteins involved in movement and cell signaling. The highly dynamic and complicated phosphorylation of VIF seems to be a regulator mechanism for various activities. Changes in IF expression patterns are often linked with cancer progression, especially those leading to enhanced invasion and cellular migration. This review will discuss the function of Vimentin intermediate filaments in normal cell physiology, cell adhesion structures, cell shape, and signaling pathways. The genes interaction and gene network linked with Vimentin will be discussed in more studies. However, research aimed at understanding the function of Vimentin in different signaling cascades and gene interactions might offer novel methods for creating therapeutic medicines. Enrichr GEO datasets used gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analyses. STRING online was used to predict the functional connections of proteins-proteins, followed by Cytoscape analysis to find the master genes. Cytoscape and STRING research revealed that eight genes, Fas, Casp8, Casp6, Fadd, Ripk1, Des, Tnnc2, and Tnnt3, were required for protein-protein interactions with Vimentin genes involved in cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danial Hashemi Karoii
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
| | - Hossein Azizi
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
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14
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Vimentin: Regulation and pathogenesis. Biochimie 2022; 197:96-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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15
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Suprewicz Ł, Swoger M, Gupta S, Piktel E, Byfield FJ, Iwamoto DV, Germann D, Reszeć J, Marcińczyk N, Carroll RJ, Janmey PA, Schwarz JM, Bucki R, Patteson AE. Extracellular Vimentin as a Target Against SARS-CoV-2 Host Cell Invasion. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2105640. [PMID: 34866333 PMCID: PMC9252327 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202105640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Infection of human cells by pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2, typically proceeds by cell surface binding to a crucial receptor. The primary receptor for SARS-CoV-2 is the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), yet new studies reveal the importance of additional extracellular co-receptors that mediate binding and host cell invasion by SARS-CoV-2. Vimentin is an intermediate filament protein that is increasingly recognized as being present on the extracellular surface of a subset of cell types, where it can bind to and facilitate pathogens' cellular uptake. Biophysical and cell infection studies are done to determine whether vimentin might bind SARS-CoV-2 and facilitate its uptake. Dynamic light scattering shows that vimentin binds to pseudovirus coated with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, and antibodies against vimentin block in vitro SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus infection of ACE2-expressing cells. The results are consistent with a model in which extracellular vimentin acts as a co-receptor for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein with a binding affinity less than that of the spike protein with ACE2. Extracellular vimentin may thus serve as a critical component of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-ACE2 complex in mediating SARS-CoV-2 cell entry, and vimentin-targeting agents may yield new therapeutic strategies for preventing and slowing SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Suprewicz
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Poland
| | - Maxx Swoger
- Physics Department and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University
| | - Sarthak Gupta
- Physics Department and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University
| | - Ewelina Piktel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Poland
| | - Fitzroy J. Byfield
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering and Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel V. Iwamoto
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering and Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Danielle Germann
- Physics Department and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University
| | - Joanna Reszeć
- Department of Medical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Białystok, PL-15269 Białystok, Poland
| | - Natalia Marcińczyk
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | | | - Paul A. Janmey
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering and Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania
| | - J. M. Schwarz
- Physics Department and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University
- Indian Creek Farm, Ithaca, NY
| | - Robert Bucki
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Poland
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering and Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania
- Co-Corresponding authors: Robert Bucki: ; Alison E. Patteson:
| | - Alison E. Patteson
- Physics Department and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University
- Co-Corresponding authors: Robert Bucki: ; Alison E. Patteson:
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16
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Li Z, Sun C, Wang F, Wang X, Zhu J, Luo L, Ding X, Zhang Y, Ding P, Wang H, Pu M, Li Y, Wang S, Qin Q, Wei Y, Sun J, Wang X, Luo Y, Chen D, Qiu W. Molecular mechanisms governing circulating immune cell heterogeneity across different species revealed by single-cell sequencing. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e689. [PMID: 35092700 PMCID: PMC8800483 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune cells play important roles in mediating immune response and host defense against invading pathogens. However, insights into the molecular mechanisms governing circulating immune cell diversity among multiple species are limited. METHODS In this study, we compared the single-cell transcriptomes of immune cells from 12 species. Distinct molecular profiles were characterized for different immune cell types, including T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells. RESULTS Our data revealed the heterogeneity and compositions of circulating immune cells among 12 different species. Additionally, we explored the conserved and divergent cellular crosstalks and genetic regulatory networks among vertebrate immune cells. Notably, the ligand and receptor pair VIM-CD44 was highly conserved among the immune cells. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to provide a comprehensive analysis of the cross-species single-cell transcriptome atlas for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). This research should advance our understanding of the cellular taxonomy and fundamental functions of PBMCs, with important implications in evolutionary biology, developmental biology, and immune system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Li
- Department of NeurologyThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chengcheng Sun
- BGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Fei Wang
- BGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenChina
- Department of BiomedicineAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
- Lars Bolund Institute of Regenerative MedicineQingdao‐Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, BGI‐Qingdao, BGI‐ShenzhenQingdaoChina
| | - Xiran Wang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original BacteriaSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiacheng Zhu
- BGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lihua Luo
- BGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xiangning Ding
- BGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Tsinghua‐Berkeley Shenzhen InstituteTsinghua UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Peiwen Ding
- BGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Haoyu Wang
- BGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | | | | | - Shiyou Wang
- BGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | | | | | - Jian Sun
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original BacteriaSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineZhongshan HospitalShanghaiChina
- Fudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Yonglun Luo
- BGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenChina
- Department of BiomedicineAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
- Lars Bolund Institute of Regenerative MedicineQingdao‐Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, BGI‐Qingdao, BGI‐ShenzhenQingdaoChina
- Steno Diabetes Center AarhusAarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
| | | | - Wei Qiu
- Department of NeurologyThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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17
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Deerhake ME, Shinohara ML. Emerging roles of Dectin-1 in noninfectious settings and in the CNS. Trends Immunol 2021; 42:891-903. [PMID: 34489167 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dectin-1 is a C-type lectin receptor (CLR) expressed on the surface of various mammalian myeloid cells. Dectin-1 recognizes β-glucans and elicits antifungal proinflammatory immune responses. Recent studies have begun to examine the biology of Dectin-1 in previously less explored settings, such as homeostasis, sterile inflammation, and in the central nervous system. Indeed, in certain contexts, Dectin-1 is now known to promote tolerance, and anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective responses. In this review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of the roles of Dectin-1 in immunology beyond the context of fungal infections, mainly focusing on in vivo neuroimmunology studies, which could reveal new therapeutic approaches to modify innate immune responses in neurologic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Elizabeth Deerhake
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Mari L Shinohara
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27705, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
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18
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Vimentin as a Cap of Invisibility: Proposed Role of Vimentin in Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) Infection. Viruses 2021; 13:v13071416. [PMID: 34372621 PMCID: PMC8310380 DOI: 10.3390/v13071416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vimentin is an intermediate filament, a cytoskeleton protein expressed mainly in cells of mesenchymal origin. Increasing evidence indicates that vimentin could play a key role in viral infections. Therefore, changes in tissue and extracellular vimentin expression and associated signal trails may determine/protect the fate of cells and the progression of disease caused by viral infection. Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV), genotype GI.1, is an etiological agent that causes a severe and highly lethal disease—RHD (rabbit hemorrhagic disease). This article evaluates the gene and protein expression of vimentin in the tissues (liver, lungs, spleen, and kidneys) and serum of rabbits experimentally infected with two RHDV variants (GI.1a). The VIM mRNA expression levels in the tissues were determined using reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). In addition, the amount of vimentin protein in the serum was analyzed by an ELISA test. We observed significantly elevated expression levels of VIM mRNA and protein in the liver and kidney tissues of infected rather than healthy rabbits. In addition, VIM mRNA expression was increased in the lung tissues; meanwhile, we observed only protein-enhanced vimentin in the spleen. The obtained results are significant and promising, as they indicate the role of vimentin in RHDV infection and the course of RHD. The role of vimentin in RHDV infection could potentially rely on the one hand, on creating a cap of invisibility against the intracellular viral spread, or, on the other hand, after the damage of cells, vimentin could act as a signal of tissue damage.
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19
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Role of Extracellular Vimentin in Cancer-Cell Functionality and Its Influence on Cell Monolayer Permeability Changes Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147469. [PMID: 34299089 PMCID: PMC8303762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytoskeletal protein vimentin is secreted under various physiological conditions. Extracellular vimentin exists primarily in two forms: attached to the outer cell surface and secreted into the extracellular space. While surface vimentin is involved in processes such as viral infections and cancer progression, secreted vimentin modulates inflammation through reduction of neutrophil infiltration, promotes bacterial elimination in activated macrophages, and supports axonal growth in astrocytes through activation of the IGF-1 receptor. This receptor is overexpressed in cancer cells, and its activation pathway has significant roles in general cellular functions. In this study, we investigated the functional role of extracellular vimentin in non-tumorigenic (MCF-10a) and cancer (MCF-7) cells through the evaluation of its effects on cell migration, proliferation, adhesion, and monolayer permeability. Upon treatment with extracellular recombinant vimentin, MCF-7 cells showed increased migration, proliferation, and adhesion, compared to MCF-10a cells. Further, MCF-7 monolayers showed reduced permeability, compared to MCF-10a monolayers. It has been shown that the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein can alter blood-brain barrier integrity. Surface vimentin also acts as a co-receptor between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and the cell-surface angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor. Therefore, we also investigated the permeability of MCF-10a and MCF-7 monolayers upon treatment with extracellular recombinant vimentin, and its modulation of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain. These findings show that binding of extracellular recombinant vimentin to the cell surface enhances the permeability of both MCF-10a and MCF-7 monolayers. However, with SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain addition, this effect is lost with MCF-7 monolayers, as the extracellular vimentin binds directly to the viral domain. This defines an influence of extracellular vimentin in SARS-CoV-2 infections.
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20
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Xie X, Wang L, Wang X, Fan WH, Qin Y, Lin X, Xie Z, Liu M, Ouyang M, Li S, Zhou C. Evaluation of Cell Surface Vimentin Positive Circulating Tumor Cells as a Diagnostic Biomarker for Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:672687. [PMID: 34055642 PMCID: PMC8162210 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.672687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) represent a collection of heterogeneous cells. Studies have shown epithelial CTCs and folate receptor (FR) positive CTCs could be used as diagnostic biomarkers for lung cancer (LC). This study aimed to determine whether cell surface vimentin (CSV) positive CTCs could be used as a biomarker for LC as well. Methods 78 treatment-naïve non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, 21 patients with benign lung diseases (BLD) and 9 healthy donors (HD) were enrolled in this study. CTC detection was performed using CytoSorter® mesenchymal CTC kit (CSV). The correlation between CSV positive CTCs (CSV-CTCs) and LC patients' clinicopathological characteristics would be evaluated, and diagnostic performances of CSV-CTCs and serum tumor markers for LC would be compared. Results CTC detection rates (average CTC count: range) in LC patients, patients with BLD and HD were 83.33% (2.47: 0-8), 47.62% (0.5: 0-3) and 0% (0: 0), respectively. CSV-CTCs could be used to differentiate LC patients from the patients with BLD and HD (P < 0.0001). CSV-CTCs were correlated with cancer stage, lymph node involvement and distant metastasis (P = 0.0062, 0.0014 and 0.0021, respectively). With a CTC cut-off value of 2, CSV-CTCs would have a sensitivity and specificity of 0.67 and 0.87, respectively, for diagnosing LC. CSV-CTC positive rates showed statistical differences among HD, BLD patients and LC patients at different cancer stages (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, CSV-CTC positive rates were positively correlated with tumor size, lymph node involvement and distant metastasis (P = 0.0163, 0.0196 and 0.03, respectively). CSV-CTCs had a better diagnostic performance than serum tumor makers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), cancer antigen 125 (CA125) and CA153. Conclusion When CTC cut-off is set to 2 CTCs per 7.5 mL of blood, CSV-CTCs can be considered as an acceptable biomarker for diagnosing LC with a sensitivity and specificity of 0.67 and 0.87, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liqiang Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinni Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wan-Hung Fan
- Department of Clinical Medical Affairs, Hangzhou Watson Biotech, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinyin Qin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinqing Lin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhanhong Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Ouyang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyue Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengzhi Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Suprewicz Ł, Swoger M, Gupta S, Piktel E, Byfield FJ, Iwamoto DV, Germann D, Reszeć J, Marcińczyk N, Carroll RJ, Lenart M, Pyre K, Janmey P, Schwarz JM, Bucki R, Patteson A. Extracellular vimentin as a target against SARS-CoV-2 host cell invasion. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2021:2021.01.08.425793. [PMID: 33442680 PMCID: PMC7805437 DOI: 10.1101/2021.01.08.425793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Infection of human cells by pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2, typically proceeds by cell surface binding to a crucial receptor. In the case of SARS-CoV-2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has been identified as a necessary receptor, but not all ACE2-expressing cells are equally infected, suggesting that other extracellular factors are involved in host cell invasion by SARS-CoV-2. Vimentin is an intermediate filament protein that is increasingly recognized as being present on the extracellular surface of a subset of cell types, where it can bind to and facilitate pathogens' cellular uptake. Here, we present evidence that extracellular vimentin might act as a critical component of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-ACE2 complex in mediating SARS-CoV-2 cell entry. We demonstrate direct binding between vimentin and SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus coated with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and show that antibodies against vimentin block in vitro SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus infection of ACE2-expressing cells. Our results suggest new therapeutic strategies for preventing and slowing SARS-CoV-2 infection, focusing on targeting cell host surface vimentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Suprewicz
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Poland
| | - Maxx Swoger
- Physics Department and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University
| | - Sarthak Gupta
- Physics Department and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University
| | - Ewelina Piktel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Poland
| | - Fitzroy J Byfield
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering and Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel V Iwamoto
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering and Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Danielle Germann
- Physics Department and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University
| | - Joanna Reszeć
- Department of Medical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Białystok, PL-15269 Białystok, Poland
| | - Natalia Marcińczyk
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Robert J Carroll
- Physics Department and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University
| | - Marzena Lenart
- Małopolska Centre of Biotechnology; Jagiellonian University; Kraków, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Pyre
- Małopolska Centre of Biotechnology; Jagiellonian University; Kraków, Poland
| | - Paul Janmey
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering and Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania
| | - J M Schwarz
- Physics Department and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University
- Indian Creek Farm, Ithaca, NY
| | - Robert Bucki
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Poland
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering and Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Alison Patteson
- Physics Department and BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University
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22
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Gao Y, Fan WH, Song Z, Lou H, Kang X. Comparison of circulating tumor cell (CTC) detection rates with epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) and cell surface vimentin (CSV) antibodies in different solid tumors: a retrospective study. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10777. [PMID: 33717672 PMCID: PMC7934682 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Status of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) varies from tumors to tumors. Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) and cell surface vimentin (CSV) are the most common used targets for isolating epithelial and mesenchymal CTCs, respectively. This study aimed to identify a suitable CTC capturing antibody for CTC enrichment in each solid tumor by comparing CTC detection rates with EpCAM and CSV antibodies in different solid tumors. Methods Treatment-naive patients with confirmed cancer diagnosis and healthy people who have performed CTC detection between April 2017 and May 2018 were included in this study. CTC detection was performed with CytoSorter® CTC system using either EpCAM or CSV antibody. In total, 853 CTC results from 690 cancer patients and 72 healthy people were collected for analysis. The performance of CTC capturing antibody was determined by the CTC detection rate. Results EpCAM has the highest CTC detection rate of 84.09% in CRC, followed by BCa (78.32%). CTC detection rates with EpCAM antibody are less than 40% in HCC (25%), PDAC (32.5%) and OC (33.33%). CSV has the highest CTC detection rate of 90% in sarcoma, followed by BC (85.71%), UC (84.62%), OC (83.33%) and BCa (81.82%). CTC detection rates with CSV antibody are over 60% in all 14 solid tumors. Except for CRC, CSV has better performances than EpCAM in most solid tumors regarding the CTC detection rates. Conclusion EpCAM can be used as a target to isolate CTCs in CRC, LC, GC, BCa, EC, HNSCC, CC and PCa, especially in CRC, while CSV can be used in most solid tumors for isolating CTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beijing Polytechnic University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Zhengbo Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haizhou Lou
- Department of Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xixong Kang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beijing Polytechnic University, Beijing, China
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23
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Carse S, Bergant M, Schäfer G. Advances in Targeting HPV Infection as Potential Alternative Prophylactic Means. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2201. [PMID: 33672181 PMCID: PMC7926419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection by oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) is the primary cause of cervical cancer and other anogenital cancers. The majority of cervical cancer cases occur in low- and middle- income countries (LMIC). Concurrent infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) further increases the risk of HPV infection and exacerbates disease onset and progression. Highly effective prophylactic vaccines do exist to combat HPV infection with the most common oncogenic types, but the accessibility to these in LMIC is severely limited due to cost, difficulties in accessing the target population, cultural issues, and maintenance of a cold chain. Alternative preventive measures against HPV infection that are more accessible and affordable are therefore also needed to control cervical cancer risk. There are several efforts in identifying such alternative prophylactics which target key molecules involved in early HPV infection events. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the initial steps in HPV infection, from host cell-surface engagement to cellular trafficking of the viral genome before arrival in the nucleus. The key molecules that can be potentially targeted are highlighted, and a discussion on their applicability as alternative preventive means against HPV infection, with a focus on LMIC, is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinead Carse
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa;
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | - Martina Bergant
- Laboratory for Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 13, 5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia;
| | - Georgia Schäfer
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB) Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa;
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa
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24
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Xiao J, Chen L, Melander O, Orho-Melander M, Nilsson J, Borné Y, Engström G. Circulating Vimentin Is Associated With Future Incidence of Stroke in a Population-Based Cohort Study. Stroke 2021; 52:937-944. [PMID: 33535783 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.032111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE VIM (vimentin) is a cytoskeletal intermediate filament protein, which has been linked to atherosclerosis and thrombosis; both are important causes of stroke. We examined the relationship between circulating VIM and incidence of stroke, and if carotid plaque could modify the association in a prospective population-based cohort. METHODS This prospective study was based on the Malmö Diet and Cancer Cohort. A total of 4688 participants (39.7% men; mean age, 57.6 years) were examined and blood samples were collected between 1991 and 1994. Incidence of stroke was followed up to 2018. Cox' proportional hazards regression was used to assess the relationship between VIM and stroke. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 22.0 years, a total of 528 subjects were diagnosed with stroke, among which 434 were ischemic stroke. Participants in the highest quartile (vs 1st quartile) had 1.34× higher risk of total stroke (95% CI, 1.03-1.74) and 1.47× higher of ischemic stroke (95% CI, 1.10-1.98) after adjustment for potential confounders. A significant interaction was found between carotid plaque and VIM with respect to incidence of both total stroke and ischemic stroke (P=0.041 and 0.011, respectively). After stratifying by carotid plaque, high VIM had stronger association with stroke in participants with carotid plaque, especially for the risk of ischemic stroke (adjusted hazard ratio,1.66 [95% CI, 1.23-2.25] for quartile 4 versus quartile 1 to 3). CONCLUSIONS VIM is positively associated with the incidence of stroke, especially in individuals with carotid plaque. Further studies are needed to confirm the observed associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China (J.X., L.C.).,Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (J.X., O.M., M.O.-M., J.N., Y.B., G.E.)
| | - Liangwan Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China (J.X., L.C.)
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (J.X., O.M., M.O.-M., J.N., Y.B., G.E.)
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (J.X., O.M., M.O.-M., J.N., Y.B., G.E.)
| | - Jan Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (J.X., O.M., M.O.-M., J.N., Y.B., G.E.)
| | - Yan Borné
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (J.X., O.M., M.O.-M., J.N., Y.B., G.E.)
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (J.X., O.M., M.O.-M., J.N., Y.B., G.E.)
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Abdel-Wahab BA, Salem SY, Mohammed HM, Mohammed NA, Hetta HF. The role of vimentin, Connexin-43 proteins, and oxidative stress in the protective effect of propranolol against clozapine-induced myocarditis and apoptosis in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 890:173645. [PMID: 33098837 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Clozapine (CLZ) represents an effective treatment for resistant schizophrenia. However, myocarditis, recently reported in about 66% of the psychiatric patients treated with CLZ, has raised concerns about its safety. β-blocking agents have shown to be helpful in the management of myocarditis. Moreover, Vimentin (VIM) and Connexin-43 (CX43) are important structural proteins play key roles in cytoskeletal functions and cellular communication and have complex implications in pathophysiology. The present work aimed to study the mechanisms behind the protective effect of propranolol (PRO) against CLZ-induced myocarditis and the possible involvement of VIM and CX43. The effect of PRO (5 and 10 mg/kg, oral) on the myocarditis induced by CLZ (25 mg/kg/d, i. p.) treatment for 21 days in rats, was assessed biochemically, and immunohistochemically. CLZ treatment increased the serum levels of cardiac injury (CK-MP, LDH and cTn-I) and cardiac levels of oxidative stress (TBARS and NO) markers, proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α), and mRNA expression of VIM and CX43 with decreased the antioxidant defenses (GSH and GSH-Px). Immunohistochemical study showed increased cardiac expression of VIM, CX43 and caspase-3 proteins. Coadministration of PRO with CLZ, dose-dependently decreased the biochemical and immunohistochemical hallmarks of CLZ-induced myocardial injury and significantly decreased mRNA expression of VIM and CX43. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the cardioprotective effects of PRO on CLZ-induced myocarditis are related in addition to its β-blocking activity to protection of myocardial VIM and CX43 proteins through antagonizing the CLZ-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response, and preventing cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basel A Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Safaa Yousef Salem
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hala Mostafa Mohammed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Helal F Hetta
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Abstract
Over the last decade, our understanding of the physiological role of senescent cells has drastically evolved, from merely indicators of cellular stress and ageing to having a central role in regeneration and repair. Increasingly, studies have identified senescent cells and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) as being critical in the regenerative process following injury; however, the timing and context at which the senescence programme is activated can lead to distinct outcomes. For example, a transient induction of senescent cells followed by rapid clearance at the early stages following injury promotes repair, while the long-term accumulation of senescent cells impairs tissue function and can lead to organ failure. A key role of the SASP is the recruitment of immune cells to the site of injury and the subsequent elimination of senescent cells. Among these cell types are macrophages, which have well-documented regulatory roles in all stages of regeneration and repair. However, while the role of senescent cells and macrophages in this process is starting to be explored, the specific interactions between these cell types and how these are important in the different stages of injury/reparative response still require further investigation. In this review, we consider the current literature regarding the interaction of these cell types, how their cooperation is important for regeneration and repair, and what questions remain to be answered to advance the field.
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27
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Patteson AE, Vahabikashi A, Goldman RD, Janmey PA. Mechanical and Non-Mechanical Functions of Filamentous and Non-Filamentous Vimentin. Bioessays 2020; 42:e2000078. [PMID: 32893352 PMCID: PMC8349470 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Intermediate filaments (IFs) formed by vimentin are less understood than their cytoskeletal partners, microtubules and F-actin, but the unique physical properties of IFs, especially their resistance to large deformations, initially suggest a mechanical function. Indeed, vimentin IFs help regulate cell mechanics and contractility, and in crowded 3D environments they protect the nucleus during cell migration. Recently, a multitude of studies, often using genetic or proteomic screenings show that vimentin has many non-mechanical functions within and outside of cells. These include signaling roles in wound healing, lipogenesis, sterol processing, and various functions related to extracellular and cell surface vimentin. Extracellular vimentin is implicated in marking circulating tumor cells, promoting neural repair, and mediating the invasion of host cells by viruses, including SARS-CoV, or bacteria such as Listeria and Streptococcus. These findings underscore the fundamental role of vimentin in not only cell mechanics but also a range of physiological functions. Also see the video abstract here https://youtu.be/YPfoddqvz-g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison E Patteson
- Physics Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244
- BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244
| | - Amir Vahabikashi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago IL 60611
| | - Robert D Goldman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago IL 60611
| | - Paul A. Janmey
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering, Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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Taylor S, Whitfield M, Barratt J, Didangelos A. The Metalloproteinase ADAMTS5 Is Expressed by Interstitial Inflammatory Cells in IgA Nephropathy and Is Proteolytically Active on the Kidney Matrix. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:2243-2254. [PMID: 32917786 PMCID: PMC7533710 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
ADAMTS5 is upregulated in human IgA nephropathy lesions. ADAMTS5 is related to inflammatory infiltrates in affected kidneys. ADAMTS5 digests kidney matrix proteins and cleaves complement C3 and fibronectin.
In IgA nephropathy (IgAN), IgA immune complexes are deposited in the mesangium and drive inflammation and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling. The functional links between IgA deposition, inflammation, and matrix remodelling are not well characterized. We recently performed urine liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry proteomics and identified multiple ECM glycoproteins whose expression and function in IgAN is unclear. None of the urine glycoproteins was regulated in IgAN transcriptomics, indicating that tissue remodelling rather than increased expression might contribute to their presence in urine. To investigate this, we examined the IgAN expression profile of metalloproteinases, enzymes involved in the remodelling of ECM proteins, and noted that the proteoglycanase ADAMTS5 was upregulated in IgAN kidneys. ADAMTS5 accumulated in areas of inflammation, and ADAMTS5+ cells were seen in the tubulointerstitium and glomeruli. The enzyme was expressed by CD64+ cells and its expression was increased by IL-1 and LPS. Analysis of myeloid cell transcriptomics revealed that ADAMTS5 is enriched in human classical monocytes. ADAMTS5+ cells were present in areas of matrix remodelling and associated with ECM proteins lumican, versican, and collagen-4. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry proteomics of kidney explants digested with ADAMTS5, identified multiple kidney proteins affected by ADAMTS5 and revealed specific proteolysis of complement C3 and fibronectin associated with IgA on immune complexes. ADAMTS5 processing of immune complex proteins reduced binding to cultured mesangial cells. ADAMTS5 is associated with interstitial inflammatory cells in IgAN and other kidney lesions and fragments relevant extracellular proteins. The proteolytic enzyme might be a new translational target relevant to inflammation and scarring in kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Taylor
- Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratory, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Molly Whitfield
- Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratory, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Barratt
- Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratory, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Athanasios Didangelos
- Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratory, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, United Kingdom
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Ramos I, Stamatakis K, Oeste CL, Pérez-Sala D. Vimentin as a Multifaceted Player and Potential Therapeutic Target in Viral Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4675. [PMID: 32630064 PMCID: PMC7370124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vimentin is an intermediate filament protein that plays key roles in integration of cytoskeletal functions, and therefore in basic cellular processes such as cell division and migration. Consequently, vimentin has complex implications in pathophysiology. Vimentin is required for a proper immune response, but it can also act as an autoantigen in autoimmune diseases or as a damage signal. Although vimentin is a predominantly cytoplasmic protein, it can also appear at extracellular locations, either in a secreted form or at the surface of numerous cell types, often in relation to cell activation, inflammation, injury or senescence. Cell surface targeting of vimentin appears to associate with the occurrence of certain posttranslational modifications, such as phosphorylation and/or oxidative damage. At the cell surface, vimentin can act as a receptor for bacterial and viral pathogens. Indeed, vimentin has been shown to play important roles in virus attachment and entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV), dengue and encephalitis viruses, among others. Moreover, the presence of vimentin in specific virus-targeted cells and its induction by proinflammatory cytokines and tissue damage contribute to its implication in viral infection. Here, we recapitulate some of the pathophysiological implications of vimentin, including the involvement of cell surface vimentin in interaction with pathogens, with a special focus on its role as a cellular receptor or co-receptor for viruses. In addition, we provide a perspective on approaches to target vimentin, including antibodies or chemical agents that could modulate these interactions to potentially interfere with viral pathogenesis, which could be useful when multi-target antiviral strategies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Ramos
- Department of Neurology and Center for Advanced Research on Diagnostic Assays, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Konstantinos Stamatakis
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, UAM-CSIC. Nicolás Cabrera, 1, Campus de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (K.S.); (C.L.O.)
| | - Clara L. Oeste
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, UAM-CSIC. Nicolás Cabrera, 1, Campus de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (K.S.); (C.L.O.)
| | - Dolores Pérez-Sala
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Li Y, Li M, Weigel B, Mall M, Werth VP, Liu ML. Nuclear envelope rupture and NET formation is driven by PKCα-mediated lamin B disassembly. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e48779. [PMID: 32537912 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear lamina is essential for the structural integration of the nuclear envelope. Nuclear envelope rupture and chromatin externalization is a hallmark of the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NET release was described as a cellular lysis process; however, this notion has been questioned recently. Here, we report that during NET formation, nuclear lamin B is not fragmented by destructive proteolysis, but rather disassembled into intact full-length molecules. Furthermore, we demonstrate that nuclear translocation of PKCα, which serves as the kinase to induce lamin B phosphorylation and disassembly, results in nuclear envelope rupture. Decreasing lamin B phosphorylation by PKCα inhibition, genetic deletion, or by mutating the PKCα consensus sites on lamin B attenuates extracellular trap formation. In addition, strengthening the nuclear envelope by lamin B overexpression attenuates NET release in vivo and reduces levels of NET-associated inflammatory cytokines in UVB-irradiated skin of lamin B transgenic mice. Our findings advance the mechanistic understanding of NET formation by showing that PKCα-mediated lamin B phosphorylation drives nuclear envelope rupture for chromatin release in neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Li
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Minghui Li
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bettina Weigel
- Cell Fate Engineering and Disease Modeling Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany.,HITBR Hector Institute for Translational Brain Research GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany.,Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Moritz Mall
- Cell Fate Engineering and Disease Modeling Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany.,HITBR Hector Institute for Translational Brain Research GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany.,Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Victoria P Werth
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ming-Lin Liu
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Batth IS, Li S. Discovery of Cell-Surface Vimentin (CSV) as a Sarcoma Target and Development of CSV-Targeted IL12 Immune Therapy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1257:169-178. [PMID: 32483739 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-43032-0_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This chapter discusses a novel target of osteosarcoma (OS), cell-surface vimentin (CSV), and a novel generation of interleukin-12 (IL12), CSV-targeted IL12, for treating OS tumor metastasis. Vimentin is a known intracellular structural protein for mesenchymal cells but is also documented in tumor cells. Our recent study definitively revealed that vimentin can be translocated to the surface of very aggressive tumor cells, such as metastatic cells. This CSV property allows investigators to capture circulating tumor cells (CTCs) across any type of tumor, including OS. CTCs are known as the seeds of metastasis; therefore, targeting these cells using CSV is a logical approach for use in a metastatic OS setting. Interestingly, we found that the peptide VNTANST can bind to CSV when fused to the p40 subunit encoding the DNA of IL12. Systemic delivery of this CSV-targeted IL12 immune therapy inhibited OS metastasis and relapse in a mouse tumor model as detailed in this chapter. This CSV-targeted delivery of IL12 also reduced toxicity of IL12. In summary, this chapter details a novel approach for safe IL12 immune therapy via targeting CSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izhar S Batth
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics - Research, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shulin Li
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics - Research, Houston, TX, USA.
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32
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Rampersad C, Shaw J, Gibson IW, Wiebe C, Rush DN, Nickerson PW, Ho J. Early Antibody-Mediated Kidney Transplant Rejection Associated With Anti-Vimentin Antibodies: A Case Report. Am J Kidney Dis 2020; 75:138-143. [DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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33
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Vimentin modulates apoptosis and inflammatory cytokine release by a human monocytic cell line (THP-1) in response to lipopolysaccharides in vitro. Chin Med J (Engl) 2019; 132:1336-1343. [PMID: 30882463 PMCID: PMC6629360 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has recently been recognized that serum vimentin is elevated in infectious diseases, and that vimentin plays a role in regulating neutrophils and macrophages associated inflammation. However, the mechanisms are unclear. This study was designed to explore the role of vimentin in regulating monocyte survival or apoptosis as well as inflammatory cytokine secretion in response to lipopolysaccharides (LPSs). METHODS A human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) was transfected with vimentin-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) or vimentin over-expressing plasmid. Apoptosis was assessed by TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) and DNA content assay. Immunoblotting was performed to detect apoptosis-associated proteins. Cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α]) were measured by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay. Two-way analysis of variance followed by Student's t test was used to compare means between different groups. RESULTS Suppression of vimentin in THP-1 cells resulted in increased apoptotic response in the presence of LPS, while over-expression of vimentin could prevent the cells from apoptosis in response to LPS. LPS alone or suppression of vimentin resulted in significant up-regulation of caspase-3 (1.42 ± 0.20 of LPS alone and 1.68 ± 0.10 of vimentin suppression vs. control, t = 5.21 and 10.28, respectively, P < 0.05). In addition, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) was significantly increased (IL-6: 577.90 ± 159.90 pg/day/10 cells vs. 283.80 ± 124.60 pg/day/10 cells of control, t = 14.76, P < 0.05; TNF-α: 54.10 ± 5.80 vs. 17.10 ± 0.10 pg/day/10 cells of control, t = 6.71, P < 0.05), while anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) was significantly up-regulated in the THP-1 cells that over-expressed vimentin (140.9 ± 17.2 pg/day/10 cells vs. undetectable in control cells). CONCLUSIONS In summary, the vimentin may regulate innate immunity through modulating monocytes viability as well as inflammatory response in sepsis through shifting the balance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines.
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34
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Stamova B, Ander BP, Jickling G, Hamade F, Durocher M, Zhan X, Liu DZ, Cheng X, Hull H, Yee A, Ng K, Shroff N, Sharp FR. The intracerebral hemorrhage blood transcriptome in humans differs from the ischemic stroke and vascular risk factor control blood transcriptomes. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019; 39:1818-1835. [PMID: 29651892 PMCID: PMC6727143 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x18769513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how the blood transcriptome of human intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) differs from ischemic stroke (IS) and matched controls (CTRL) will improve understanding of immune and coagulation pathways in both disorders. This study examined RNA from 99 human whole-blood samples using GeneChip® HTA 2.0 arrays to assess differentially expressed transcripts of alternatively spliced genes between ICH, IS and CTRL. We used a mixed regression model with FDR-corrected p(Dx) < 0.2 and p < 0.005 and |FC| > 1.2 for individual comparisons. For time-dependent analyses, subjects were divided into four time-points: 0(CTRL), <24 h, 24-48 h, >48 h; 489 transcripts were differentially expressed between ICH and CTRL, and 63 between IS and CTRL. ICH had differentially expressed T-cell receptor and CD36 genes, and iNOS, TLR, macrophage, and T-helper pathways. IS had more non-coding RNA. ICH and IS both had angiogenesis, CTLA4 in T lymphocytes, CD28 in T helper cells, NFAT regulation of immune response, and glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathways. Self-organizing maps revealed 4357 transcripts changing expression over time in ICH, and 1136 in IS. Understanding ICH and IS transcriptomes will be useful for biomarker development, treatment and prevention strategies, and for evaluating how well animal models recapitulate human ICH and IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boryana Stamova
- 1 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Bradley P Ander
- 1 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Glen Jickling
- 1 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.,2 Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Farah Hamade
- 1 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Marc Durocher
- 1 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Xinhua Zhan
- 1 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Da Zhi Liu
- 1 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Xiyuan Cheng
- 1 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Heather Hull
- 1 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Alan Yee
- 1 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Kwan Ng
- 1 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Natasha Shroff
- 1 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Frank R Sharp
- 1 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
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Buttari B, Profumo E, Capozzi A, Saso L, Sorice M, Riganò R. Post-translational modifications of proteins in antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2019; 56:511-525. [DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2019.1650714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Profumo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Capozzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Sorice
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rachele Riganò
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Pradeepkiran JA. Insights of rheumatoid arthritis risk factors and associations. J Transl Autoimmun 2019; 2:100012. [PMID: 32743500 PMCID: PMC7388374 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2019.100012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a defective post-translational modification of citrullinated peptides which cause synovial inflammation in joints. The present review elaborates the basic mechanisms of RA and the root causes of molecular mechanisms. The gender-based differentiation and probabilitiesof RA causes were discussed. Many report studies supporting that females are more prone to RA than males maybe suspected that circulating estrogen hormones 16a-hydroxy estrone, 2-hydroxy estrogens involvement in the RA pathogenicity. Other important aspects like environmental factors and air pollutants like (SO2 and NO2) were also impacted and enhances the risk of RA were discussed. The root cause of pathomechanisms of peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) enzymes in RA and autoimmunity factors were poorly understood, however, Ati-citrullinated peptides (ACP) are the powerful markers to diagnose the RA disease. This review discusses three main risk factors of RA to understand the RA pathogenesis and disease-modifying mechanisms, may provide a unique opportunity to determine disease prevalence and RA associations. Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) is caused by the defected peptides, environmental factor’s and hormonal dysregulation in synovial inflammation. The immune system attacks joint tissue for pathogenic citrullinated peptides causing inflammation in synovium, leading to RA. Risk factors, disorder proteins, cellular changes influence immune system to turns to self antigens leads to RA. Understanding the exact role and action of risk factors in RA is especially important given the prevention measures to RA are desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jangampalli Adi Pradeepkiran
- Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, 517502, AP, India
- Deprtment of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University of Health Science Centre, Lubbock, USA
- Corresponding author. Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University of Health Science Centre, Lubbock, USA.
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The Group B Streptococcal surface antigen I/II protein, BspC, interacts with host vimentin to promote adherence to brain endothelium and inflammation during the pathogenesis of meningitis. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007848. [PMID: 31181121 PMCID: PMC6586375 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) normally colonizes healthy adults but can cause invasive disease, such as meningitis, in the newborn. To gain access to the central nervous system, GBS must interact with and penetrate brain or meningeal blood vessels; however, the exact mechanisms are still being elucidated. Here, we investigate the contribution of BspC, an antigen I/II family adhesin, to the pathogenesis of GBS meningitis. Disruption of the bspC gene reduced GBS adherence to human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (hCMEC), while heterologous expression of BspC in non-adherent Lactococcus lactis conferred bacterial attachment. In a murine model of hematogenous meningitis, mice infected with ΔbspC mutants exhibited lower mortality as well as decreased brain bacterial counts and inflammatory infiltrate compared to mice infected with WT GBS strains. Further, BspC was both necessary and sufficient to induce neutrophil chemokine expression. We determined that BspC interacts with the host cytoskeleton component vimentin and confirmed this interaction using a bacterial two-hybrid assay, microscale thermophoresis, immunofluorescent staining, and imaging flow cytometry. Vimentin null mice were protected from WT GBS infection and also exhibited less inflammatory cytokine production in brain tissue. These results suggest that BspC and the vimentin interaction is critical for the pathogenesis of GBS meningitis. Group B Streptococcus (GBS) typically colonizes healthy adults but can cause severe disease in immune-compromised individuals, including newborns. Despite wide-spread intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis given to pregnant women, GBS remains a leading cause of neonatal meningitis. To cause meningitis, GBS must interact with and penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which separates bacteria and immune cells in the blood from the brain. In order to develop targeted therapies to treat GBS meningitis, it is important to understand the mechanisms of BBB crossing. Here, we describe the role of the GBS surface factor, BspC, in promoting meningitis and discover the host ligand for BspC, vimentin, which is an intermediate filament protein that is constitutively expressed by endothelial cells. We determined that BspC interacts with the C-terminal domain of cell-surface vimentin to promote bacterial attachment to brain endothelial cells and that purified BspC protein can induce immune signaling pathways. In a mouse model of hematogenous meningitis, we observed that a GBS mutant lacking BspC was less virulent compared to WT GBS and resulted in less inflammatory disease. We also observed that mice lacking vimentin were protected from GBS infection. These results reveal the importance of the BspC-vimentin interaction in the progression of GBS meningitis disease.
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Su L, Pan P, Yan P, Long Y, Zhou X, Wang X, Zhou R, Wen B, Xie L, Liu D. Role of vimentin in modulating immune cell apoptosis and inflammatory responses in sepsis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5747. [PMID: 30952998 PMCID: PMC6451033 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42287-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
New diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for sepsis have substantial significance for critical care medicine. In this study, 192 differentially expressed proteins were selected through iTRAQ. Based on cluster analysis of protein expression dynamics and protein-protein interactions, hemopexin, vimentin, and heat shock protein 90 were selected for further investigation. It was demonstrated that serum vimentin (VIM) levels were significantly increased in patients with sepsis and septic shock compared to controls and that VIM expression was significantly increased in lymphocytes isolated from septic shock and sepsis patients compared to controls. Moreover, a nonsurvivor group had higher serum VIM levels and VIM expression in lymphocytes. Caspase-3 was significantly upregulated in Jurkat T cells lacking VIM and when exposed to LPS compared to control cells. In contrast, caspase-3 was reduced nearly 40% in cells over-expressing VIM. IL-2, IL-10 and IFN-α levels were significantly decreased in cells lacking VIM compared to control cells, whereas they were not significantly altered in cells over-expressing VIM. These findings suggest that VIM modulates lymphocyte apoptosis and inflammatory responses and that VIM could be a new target for the diagnosis and prognostic prediction of patients with sepsis or septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longxiang Su
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Pan Pan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Tiantan Xili the 6th, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Peng Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28th Fuxing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yun Long
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Ruo Zhou
- Shenzhen Proteome Engineering Laboratory, BGI Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bo Wen
- Shenzhen Proteome Engineering Laboratory, BGI Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lixin Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28th Fuxing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Dawei Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
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39
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Anti-vimentin antibodies in transplant and disease. Hum Immunol 2019; 80:602-607. [PMID: 30926354 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-HLA antibodies are recognized as a potential source of antibody mediated rejection following transplantation. The epitopes which lead to production of these antibodies are a result of tissue disruption, specifically endothelium, secondary to inflammation and injury. Vimentin is a cytoskeletal protein involved in many aspects of cellular organization, signaling, and proliferation. Recently, antivimentin antibodies have been shown to be important not only for rheumatological autoimmune diseases, but also cardiac and renal transplant dysfunction. In cardiac transplant recipients, antivimentin antibodies are associated with coronary artery vasculopathy and chronic graft loss. In renal transplantation, antivimentin antibodies are detected prior to transplantation and are also correlated with chronic graft dysfunction. In renal transplant recipients, antivimentin antibodies seen prior to transplantation are thought to be secondary to chronic endothelial injury during hemodialysis and therefore more prevalent prior to renal transplant than cardiac transplantation. In this review, we will examine the generation and pathogenesis of antivimentin antibodies. Given that these antibodies appear to be associated with both post-cardiac and -renal transplant dysfunction, developing standard detection paradigms may be important for risk stratification prior to transplantation. Finally, understanding the pathogenesis of antivimentin antibodies may lead to the development potential therapies in order to improve long-term survival.
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40
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Dutta S, Sinha A, Dasgupta S, Mukherjee AK. Binding of a Naja naja venom acidic phospholipase A 2 cognate complex to membrane-bound vimentin of rat L6 cells: Implications in cobra venom-induced cytotoxicity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2019; 1861:958-977. [PMID: 30776333 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
An acidic phospholipase A2 enzyme (NnPLA2-I) interacts with three finger toxins (cytotoxin and neurotoxin) from Naja naja venom to form cognate complexes to enhance its cytotoxicity towards rat L6 myogenic cells. The cytotoxicity was further enhanced in presence of trace quantity of venom nerve growth factor. The purified rat myoblast cell membrane protein showing interaction with NnPLA2-I was identified as vimentin by LC-MS/MS analysis. The ELISA, immunoblot and spectrofluorometric analyses showed greater binding of NnPLA2-I cognate complex to vimentin as compared to the binding of individual NnPLA2-I. The immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy studies evidenced the internalization of NnPLA2-I to partially differentiated myoblasts post binding with vimentin in a time-dependent manner. Pre-incubation of polyvalent antivenom with NnPLA2-I cognate complex demonstrated better neutralization of cytotoxicity towards L6 cells as compared to exogenous addition of polyvalent antivenom 60-240 min post treatment of L6 cells with cognate complex suggesting clinical advantage of early antivenom treatment to prevent cobra venom-induced cytotoxicity. The in silico analysis showed that 19-22 residues, inclusive of Asp48 residue, of NnPLA2-I preferentially binds with the rod domain (99-189 and 261-335 regions) of vimentin with a predicted free binding energy (ΔG) and dissociation constant (KD) values of -12.86 kcal/mol and 3.67 × 10-10 M, respectively; however, NnPLA2-I cognate complex showed greater binding with the same regions of vimentin indicating the pathophysiological significance of cognate complex in cobra venom-induced cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumita Dutta
- Microbial Biotechnology and Protein Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
| | - Archana Sinha
- Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
| | - Suman Dasgupta
- Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
| | - Ashis K Mukherjee
- Microbial Biotechnology and Protein Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India.
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41
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Prata LGPL, Ovsyannikova IG, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL. Senescent cell clearance by the immune system: Emerging therapeutic opportunities. Semin Immunol 2018; 40:101275. [PMID: 31088710 PMCID: PMC7061456 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Senescent cells (SCs) arise from normal cells in multiple organs due to inflammatory, metabolic, DNA damage, or tissue damage signals. SCs are non-proliferating but metabolically active cells that can secrete a range of pro-inflammatory and proteolytic factors as part of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Senescent cell anti-apoptotic pathways (SCAPs) protect SCs from their own pro-apoptotic SASP. SCs can chemo-attract immune cells and are usually cleared by these immune cells. During aging and in multiple chronic diseases, SCs can accumulate in dysfunctional tissues. SCs can impede innate and adaptive immune responses. Whether immune system loss of capacity to clear SCs promotes immune system dysfunction, or conversely whether immune dysfunction permits SC accumulation, are important issues that are not yet fully resolved. SCs may be able to assume distinct states that interact differentially with immune cells, thereby promoting or inhibiting SC clearance, establishing a chronically pro-senescent and pro-inflammatory environment, leading to modulation of the SASP by the immune cells recruited and activated by the SASP. Therapies that enhance immune cell-mediated clearance of SCs could provide a lever for reducing SC burden. Such therapies could include vaccines, small molecule immunomodulators, or other approaches. Senolytics, drugs that selectively eliminate SCs by transiently disabling their SCAPs, may prove to alleviate immune dysfunction in older individuals and thereby accelerate immune-mediated clearance of SCs. The more that can be understood about the interplay between SCs and the immune system, the faster new interventions may be developed to delay, prevent, or treat age-related dysfunction and the multiple senescence-associated chronic diseases and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa G P Langhi Prata
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Inna G Ovsyannikova
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - James L Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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42
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Adolf A, Rohrbeck A, Münster-Wandowski A, Johansson M, Kuhn HG, Kopp MA, Brommer B, Schwab JM, Just I, Ahnert-Hilger G, Höltje M. Release of astroglial vimentin by extracellular vesicles: Modulation of binding and internalization of C3 transferase in astrocytes and neurons. Glia 2018; 67:703-717. [PMID: 30485542 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Clostridium botulinum C3 transferase (C3bot) ADP-ribosylates rho proteins to change cellular functions in a variety of cell types including astrocytes and neurons. The intermediate filament protein vimentin as well as transmembrane integrins are involved in internalization of C3bot into cells. The exact contribution, however, of these proteins to binding of C3bot to the cell surface and subsequent cellular uptake remains to be unraveled. By comparing primary astrocyte cultures derived from wild-type with Vim-/- mice, we demonstrate that astrocytes lacking vimentin exhibited a delayed ADP-ribosylation of rhoA concurrent with a blunted morphological response. This functional impairment was rescued by the extracellular excess of recombinant vimentin. Binding assays using C3bot harboring a mutated integrin-binding RGD motif (C3bot-G89I) revealed the involvement of integrins in astrocyte binding of C3bot. Axonotrophic effects of C3bot are vimentin dependent and postulate an underlying mechanism entertaining a molecular cross-talk between astrocytes and neurons. We present functional evidence for astrocytic release of vimentin by exosomes using an in vitro scratch wound model. Exosomal vimentin+ particles released from wild-type astrocytes promote the interaction of C3bot with neuronal membranes. This effect vanished when culturing Vim-/- astrocytes. Specificity of these findings was confirmed by recombinant vimentin propagating enhanced binding of C3bot to synaptosomes from rat spinal cord and mouse brain. We hypothesize that vimentin+ exosomes released by reactive astrocytes provide a novel molecular mechanism constituting axonotrophic (neuroprotective) and plasticity augmenting effects of C3bot after spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Adolf
- Institute of Integrative Neuroanatomy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Astrid Rohrbeck
- Institute of Toxicology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hanover, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Münster-Wandowski
- Institute of Integrative Neuroanatomy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Malin Johansson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience at Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hans-Georg Kuhn
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience at Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcel Alexander Kopp
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, QUEST - Center for Transforming Biomedical Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benedikt Brommer
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Markus Schwab
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Paraplegiology (Spinal Cord Injury Division), Belford Spinal Cord Injury Center, Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Neurological Institute, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ingo Just
- Institute of Toxicology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hanover, Germany
| | - Gudrun Ahnert-Hilger
- Institute of Integrative Neuroanatomy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Höltje
- Institute of Integrative Neuroanatomy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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43
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Yu MB, Guerra J, Firek A, Langridge WHR. Extracellular vimentin modulates human dendritic cell activation. Mol Immunol 2018; 104:37-46. [PMID: 30399492 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Vimentin is an intermediate filament protein traditionally considered to be an intracellular protein with a structural role. However, recent evidence suggests that vimentin can also be found outside the cell in disease conditions such as cancer, traumatic tissue injury, and inflammation. Extracellular vimentin was previously found to stimulate innate immunity by increasing monocyte and macrophage ability to kill bacteria. However, vimentin has also been previously found to decrease neutrophil infiltration into inflamed tissue. How extracellular vimentin affects the initiation of adaptive immune responses is unknown. Initiation of adaptive immunity involves priming of naïve T cells by antigen-presenting cells, the most effective of which are dendritic cells (DCs). In this study, we demonstrate how extracellular vimentin modulates lipopolysaccharide (LPS) - induced activation of human DCs. Using cytometric bead arrays, we show that extracellular vimentin decreases LPS-activated DC secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-12 while increasing secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Using flow cytometry, we show that extracellular vimentin does not significantly affect LPS-induced DC surface expression of MHC I (HLA-ABC) or MHC II (HLA-DR) presentation molecules, costimulatory factors (CD80, CD86), or the DC maturation marker (CD83). Further, LPS-stimulated DCs co-cultured with allogeneic naïve CD4 + T cells (Th0) induced less secretion of the pro-inflammatory Th1 effector cytokine IFN-γ in the presence of vimentin than in the presence of LPS alone. This result suggests that vimentin reduces Th1 differentiation. Taken together, our data suggest that extracellular vimentin may inhibit pro-inflammatory adaptive immune responses, by blocking DC secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Thus, extracellular vimentin may play an important role in cancer or trauma-complications by inducing suppression of the adaptive immune response. In a positive sense, the presence of extracellular vimentin may prevent tissue-damage from contributing to the development of autoimmunity. Consequently, extracellular vimentin may become a novel drug target for treatment of a variety of pro- and anti-inflammatory disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Beth Yu
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda, University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA; Division of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda, University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Joshua Guerra
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda, University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA; University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Anthony Firek
- Section of Endocrinology, Riverside University Health System Medical Center, Moreno Valley, CA, USA
| | - William H R Langridge
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda, University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA; Division of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda, University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA.
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44
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Immunohistochemical Study of the Stromal Cells in the Lactating Bovine Mammary Gland. FOLIA VETERINARIA 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/fv-2018-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The bovine mammary gland is a special gland characterized by high secretory activity. During lactation the cellular and fibrous components of the interstitial tissue septa are exposed to store accumulated secretory products. The aim of this study was to find and study the cells in the stroma of the bovine lactating mammary gland. For this purpose, the immunohistochemical methods and antibodies against the smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and desmin were used. The myoepithelial cells (MEC) which stained with smooth muscle actin (SMA), were found supporting the secretory units and the intralobular ducts. Coexpression of the SMA and desmin were found in the smooth muscle cells of the blood vessels. The fibroblasts (myofibroblasts) and free cells positive to vimentin were located in the connective tissue septa. The results of this study on the mammary glands indicated that smooth muscle cells (SMC) were altered in the lactating mammary gland, with additional cells such as fibroblasts (myofibroblasts) participated in the storage and after milk let-down they allowed the mammary glands to return to their original state.
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45
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Musaelyan A, Lapin S, Nazarov V, Tkachenko O, Gilburd B, Mazing A, Mikhailova L, Shoenfeld Y. Vimentin as antigenic target in autoimmunity: A comprehensive review. Autoimmun Rev 2018; 17:926-934. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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46
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Familari M, Cronqvist T, Masoumi Z, Hansson SR. Placenta-derived extracellular vesicles: their cargo and possible functions. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 29:433-447. [PMID: 26411402 DOI: 10.1071/rd15143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The literature on extracellular vesicles consists of rapidly expanding and often contradictory information. In this paper we attempt to review what is currently known regarding extracellular vesicles released specifically from human placental syncytiotrophoblast cells with a focus on the common but complex pregnancy-associated syndrome pre-eclampsia, where the level of syncytiotrophoblast extracellular vesicle release is significantly increased. We review common methods for syncytiotrophoblast extracellular vesicle derivation and isolation and we discuss the cargo of syncytiotrophoblast extracellular vesicles including proteins, RNA and lipids and their possible functions. A meta-analysis of available trophoblast-derived extracellular vesicle proteomic datasets revealed only three proteins in common: albumin, fibronectin-1 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, suggesting some variability in vesicle cargo, most likely reflecting stage and cell type of origin. We discuss the possible sources of variability that may have led to the low number of common markers, which has led us to speculate that markers and density in common use may not be strict criteria for identifying and isolating placenta-derived exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Familari
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic. 3010, Australia
| | - Tina Cronqvist
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikgatan 28, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Zahra Masoumi
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikgatan 28, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Stefan R Hansson
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikgatan 28, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
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47
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Walker JL, Bleaken BM, Romisher AR, Alnwibit AA, Menko AS. In wound repair vimentin mediates the transition of mesenchymal leader cells to a myofibroblast phenotype. Mol Biol Cell 2018; 29:1555-1570. [PMID: 29718762 PMCID: PMC6080657 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-06-0364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Following injury, mesenchymal repair cells are activated to function as leader cells that modulate wound healing. These cells have the potential to differentiate to myofibroblasts, resulting in fibrosis and scarring. The signals underlying these differing pathways are complex and incompletely understood. The ex vivo mock cataract surgery cultures are an attractive model with which to address this question. With this model we study, concurrently, the mechanisms that control mesenchymal leader cell function in injury repair within their native microenvironment and the signals that induce this same cell population to acquire a myofibroblast phenotype when these cells encounter the environment of the adjacent tissue culture platform. Here we show that on injury, the cytoskeletal protein vimentin is released into the extracellular space, binds to the cell surface of the mesenchymal leader cells located at the wound edge in the native matrix environment, and supports wound closure. In profibrotic environments, the extracellular vimentin pool also links specifically to the mesenchymal leader cells and has an essential role in signaling their fate change to a myofibroblast. These findings suggest a novel role for extracellular, cell-surface–associated vimentin in mediating repair-cell function in wound repair and in transitioning these cells to a myofibroblast phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Walker
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - B M Bleaken
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - A R Romisher
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - A A Alnwibit
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - A S Menko
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
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48
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Yang Y, Yang J, Rao X. What role does superficial vimentin have during DENV-2 infection? Future Virol 2018. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2017-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiancai Rao
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
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49
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Duran CL, Howell DW, Dave JM, Smith RL, Torrie ME, Essner JJ, Bayless KJ. Molecular Regulation of Sprouting Angiogenesis. Compr Physiol 2017; 8:153-235. [PMID: 29357127 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The term angiogenesis arose in the 18th century. Several studies over the next 100 years laid the groundwork for initial studies performed by the Folkman laboratory, which were at first met with some opposition. Once overcome, the angiogenesis field has flourished due to studies on tumor angiogenesis and various developmental models that can be genetically manipulated, including mice and zebrafish. In addition, new discoveries have been aided by the ability to isolate primary endothelial cells, which has allowed dissection of various steps within angiogenesis. This review will summarize the molecular events that control angiogenesis downstream of biochemical factors such as growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), and lipids. These and other stimuli have been linked to regulation of junctional molecules and cell surface receptors. In addition, the contribution of cytoskeletal elements and regulatory proteins has revealed an intricate role for mobilization of actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments in response to cues that activate the endothelium. Activating stimuli also affect various focal adhesion proteins, scaffold proteins, intracellular kinases, and second messengers. Finally, metalloproteinases, which facilitate matrix degradation and the formation of new blood vessels, are discussed, along with our knowledge of crosstalk between the various subclasses of these molecules throughout the text. Compr Physiol 8:153-235, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille L Duran
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - David W Howell
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Jui M Dave
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Rebecca L Smith
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Melanie E Torrie
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Essner
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Kayla J Bayless
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
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50
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Klopsch C, Skorska A, Ludwig M, Gaebel R, Lemcke H, Kleiner G, Beyer M, Vollmar B, David R, Steinhoff G. Cardiac Mesenchymal Stem Cells Proliferate Early in the Ischemic Heart. Eur Surg Res 2017; 58:341-353. [PMID: 29073604 DOI: 10.1159/000480730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Cardiac mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could stimulate cell-specific regenerative mechanisms after myocardial infarction (MI) depending on spatial origin, distribution, and niche regulation. We aimed at identifying and isolating tissue-specific cardiac MSCs that could contribute to regeneration. METHODS Following permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in rats (n = 16), early cardiac tissues and cardiac mononuclear cells (MNCs) were analyzed by immunohistology, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and flow cytometry, respectively. Early postischemic specific MSCs were purified by fluorescence-activated cell sorting, cultivated under standardized culture conditions, and tested for multipotent differentiation in functional identification kits. RESULTS Cardiac MSC niches were detected intramyocardially in cell clusters after MI and characterized by positive expression for vimentin, CD29, CD44, CD90, CD105, PDGFRα, and DDR2. Following myocardial ischemia, proliferation was induced early and proliferation density was approximately 11% in intramyocardial MSC clusters of the peri-infarction border zone. Cluster sizes increased by 157 and 64% in the peri-infarction and noninfarcted areas of infarcted hearts compared with noninfarcted hearts 24 h following MI, respectively. Coincidentally, flow cytometry analyses illustrated postischemic moderate enrichments of CD45-CD44+ and CD45-DDR2+ cardiac MNCs. We enabled isolation of early postischemic culturable cardiac CD45-CD44+DDR2+ MSCs that demonstrated typical clonogenicity with colony-forming unit-fibroblast formation as well as adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic differentiation. CONCLUSIONS MI triggered early proliferation in specific cardiac MSC niches that were organized in intramyocardial clusters. Following targeted isolation, early postischemic cardiac CD45-CD44+DDR2+ MSCs exhibited typical characteristics with multipotent differentiation capacity and clonogenic expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Klopsch
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Anna Skorska
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Marion Ludwig
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ralf Gaebel
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Heiko Lemcke
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Gabriela Kleiner
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Martin Beyer
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Brigitte Vollmar
- Institute of Experimental Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Robert David
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Department Life, Light and Matter, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Gustav Steinhoff
- Reference and Translation Center for Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Department Life, Light and Matter, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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