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Xu Y, Li Y, Wang C, Han T, Liu H, Sun L, Hong J, Hashimoto M, Wei J. The reciprocal interactions between microglia and T cells in Parkinson's disease: a double-edged sword. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:33. [PMID: 36774485 PMCID: PMC9922470 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02723-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease (PD), neurotoxic microglia, Th1 cells, and Th17 cells are overactivated. Overactivation of these immune cells exacerbates the disease process and leads to the pathological development of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and contact-killing compounds, causing the loss of dopaminergic neurons. So far, we have mainly focused on the role of the specific class of immune cells in PD while neglecting the impact of interactions among immune cells on the disease. Therefore, this review demonstrates the reciprocal interplays between microglia and T cells and the associated subpopulations through cytokine and chemokine production that impair and/or protect the pathological process of PD. Furthermore, potential targets and models of PD neuroinflammation are highlighted to provide the new ideas/directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Xu
- grid.256922.80000 0000 9139 560XInstitute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 China ,grid.256922.80000 0000 9139 560XHenan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 China
| | - Yongjie Li
- grid.414360.40000 0004 0605 7104Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Guizhou Hospital, Guizhou Provincial Orthopedics Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Changqing Wang
- grid.256922.80000 0000 9139 560XInstitute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 China
| | - Tingting Han
- grid.256922.80000 0000 9139 560XInstitute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 China
| | - Haixuan Liu
- grid.256922.80000 0000 9139 560XInstitute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 China
| | - Lin Sun
- grid.256922.80000 0000 9139 560XHenan Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 Henan China
| | - Jun Hong
- grid.256922.80000 0000 9139 560XInstitute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 China
| | - Makoto Hashimoto
- grid.272456.00000 0000 9343 3630Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, 156-8506 Japan
| | - Jianshe Wei
- Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China. .,Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
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2
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Blum L, Geisslinger G, Parnham MJ, Grünweller A, Schiffmann S. Natural antiviral compound silvestrol modulates human monocyte-derived macrophages and dendritic cells. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:6988-6999. [PMID: 32374474 PMCID: PMC7267175 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks of infections with viruses like Sars‐CoV‐2, Ebola virus and Zika virus lead to major global health and economic problems because of limited treatment options. Therefore, new antiviral drug candidates are urgently needed. The promising new antiviral drug candidate silvestrol effectively inhibited replication of Corona‐, Ebola‐, Zika‐, Picorna‐, Hepatis E and Chikungunya viruses. Besides a direct impact on pathogens, modulation of the host immune system provides an additional facet to antiviral drug development because suitable immune modulation can boost innate defence mechanisms against the pathogens. In the present study, silvestrol down‐regulated several pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines (IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, CCL2, CCL18) and increased TNF‐α during differentiation and activation of M1‐macrophages, suggesting that the effects of silvestrol might cancel each other out. However, silvestrol amplified the anti‐inflammatory potential of M2‐macrophages by increasing expression of anti‐inflammatory surface markers CD206, TREM2 and reducing release of pro‐inflammatory IL‐8 and CCL2. The differentiation of dendritic cells in the presence of silvestrol is characterized by down‐regulation of several surface markers and cytokines indicating that differentiation is impaired by silvestrol. In conclusion, silvestrol influences the inflammatory status of immune cells depending on the cell type and activation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Blum
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Branch for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael J Parnham
- Branch for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Arnold Grünweller
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Schiffmann
- Branch for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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3
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Wang W, Wu D, He X, Hu X, Hu C, Shen Z, Lin J, Pan Z, He Z, Lin H, Wang M. CCL18-induced HOTAIR upregulation promotes malignant progression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through the miR-130a-5p-ZEB1 axis. Cancer Lett 2019; 460:18-28. [PMID: 31207321 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that CCL18 and the long non-coding RNA, HOTAIR, have critical roles in cancer progression and metastasis, but the correlation between CCL18 and HOTAIR in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and their downstream molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Overexpression of CCL18 in ESCC tissues was associated with a worse survival in patients with ESCC. CCL18 enhanced the invasiveness of ESCC cells in a dose-dependent manner, whereas CCL18 knockdown inhibited their invasiveness. In particular, CCL18 expression was positively associated with HOTAIR expression in ESCC tissues. Furthermore, CCL18 upregulated the expression of HOTAIR, and knockdown of HOTAIR alleviated the CCL18-induced invasiveness of ESCC cells. HOTAIR may act as a competing endogenous RNA and could effectively becoming a sponge for miR-130a-5p, thereby modulating the derepression of ZEB1 and promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition in ESCC. Our study suggests that CCL18 contributes to the malignant progression of esophageal cancer by upregulating HOTAIR expression. HOTAIR overexpression may promote tumor invasiveness and progression in ESCC, given that HOTAIR functions as a miR-130a-5p sponge, positively regulating ZEB1. This provides new therapeutic targets for early diagnosis and treatment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Duoguang Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xiaotian He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xueting Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Chuwen Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Zhiwen Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jiatong Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Zihao Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Zhanghai He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Huayue Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Minghui Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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Jiang X, Wang J, Chen X, Hong Y, Wu T, Chen X, Xia J, Cheng B. Elevated autocrine chemokine ligand 18 expression promotes oral cancer cell growth and invasion via Akt activation. Oncotarget 2017; 7:16262-72. [PMID: 26919103 PMCID: PMC4941312 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18 (CCL18) has been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of various cancers; however, in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the role of CCL18 is unknown. In this study, we found that CCL18 was overexpressed in primary OSCC tissues and was associated with an advanced clinical stage. CCL18 was found in both the cytoplasm and cell membrane of OSCC cells and was predominantly produced by cancer epithelial cells, as opposed to tumor-infiltrating macrophages. In vitro studies indicated that the effects of endogenous CCL18 on OSCC cell growth, migration, and invasion could be blocked by treatment with a neutralizing anti-CCL18 antibody or CCL18 knockdown, while exogenous recombinant CCL18 (rCCL18) rescued those effects. Akt was activated in rCCL18-treated OSCC cells, while LY294002, a pan-PI3K inhibitor, abolished both endogenous and exogenous CCL18-induced OSCC cell invasion. In vivo, LY294002 treatment attenuated rCCL18-induced OSCC cell growth. Our results indicate that CCL18 acts in an autocrine manner via Akt activation to stimulate OSCC cell growth and invasion during OSCC progression. They also provide a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, China.,Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, China
| | - Xijuan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, China
| | - Yun Hong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, China
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, China
| | - Juan Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, China
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Brix SR, Stege G, Disteldorf E, Hoxha E, Krebs C, Krohn S, Otto B, Klätschke K, Herden E, Heymann F, Lira SA, Tacke F, Wolf G, Busch M, Jabs WJ, Özcan F, Keller F, Beige J, Wagner K, Helmchen U, Noriega M, Wiech T, Panzer U, Stahl RAK. CC Chemokine Ligand 18 in ANCA-Associated Crescentic GN. J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 26:2105-17. [PMID: 25762060 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2014040407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
ANCA-associated vasculitis is the most frequent cause of crescentic GN. To define new molecular and/or cellular biomarkers of this disease in the kidney, we performed microarray analyses of renal biopsy samples from patients with ANCA-associated crescentic GN. Expression profiles were correlated with clinical data in a prospective study of patients with renal ANCA disease. CC chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18), acting through CC chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8) on mononuclear cells, was identified as the most upregulated chemotactic cytokine in patients with newly diagnosed ANCA-associated crescentic GN. Macrophages and myeloid dendritic cells in the kidney were detected as CCL18-producing cells. The density of CCL18(+) cells correlated with crescent formation, interstitial inflammation, and impairment of renal function. CCL18 protein levels were higher in sera of patients with renal ANCA disease compared with those in sera of patients with other forms of crescentic GN. CCL18 serum levels were higher in patients who suffered from ANCA-associated renal relapses compared with those in patients who remained in remission. Using a murine model of crescentic GN, we explored the effects of the CCL18 murine functional analog CCL8 and its receptor CCR8 on kidney function and morphology. Compared with wild-type mice, Ccr8(-/-) mice had significantly less infiltration of pathogenic mononuclear phagocytes. Furthermore, Ccr8(-/-) mice maintained renal function better and had reduced renal tissue injury. In summary, our data indicate that CCL18 drives renal inflammation through CCR8-expressing cells and could serve as a biomarker for disease activity and renal relapse in ANCA-associated crescentic GN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Felix Heymann
- Medizinische Klinik III, Uniklinik Rheinisch Westfälische Technische Hochschule, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sergio A Lira
- Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Frank Tacke
- Medizinische Klinik III, Uniklinik Rheinisch Westfälische Technische Hochschule, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gunter Wolf
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Busch
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Wolfram J Jabs
- Klinik für Innere Medizin, Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fedai Özcan
- Klinik für Nephrologie und Notfallmedizin, Klinikum Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Frieder Keller
- Abteilung Innere Medizin I, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Joachim Beige
- Abteilung Nephrologie, Klinikum St. Georg, Leipzig, Germany; and
| | - Karl Wagner
- IV Medizinische Abteilung, Asklepios Klinik Barmbek, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Udo Helmchen
- Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mercedes Noriega
- Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Wiech
- Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Takayasu A, Miyabe Y, Yokoyama W, Kaneko K, Fukuda S, Miyasaka N, Miyabe C, Kubota T, Nanki T. CCL18 activates fibroblast-like synoviocytes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 2014; 40:1026-8. [PMID: 23728190 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.121412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Bachelerie F, Ben-Baruch A, Burkhardt AM, Combadiere C, Farber JM, Graham GJ, Horuk R, Sparre-Ulrich AH, Locati M, Luster AD, Mantovani A, Matsushima K, Murphy PM, Nibbs R, Nomiyama H, Power CA, Proudfoot AEI, Rosenkilde MM, Rot A, Sozzani S, Thelen M, Yoshie O, Zlotnik A. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. [corrected]. LXXXIX. Update on the extended family of chemokine receptors and introducing a new nomenclature for atypical chemokine receptors. Pharmacol Rev 2013; 66:1-79. [PMID: 24218476 DOI: 10.1124/pr.113.007724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 648] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sixteen years ago, the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Pharmacology approved a system for naming human seven-transmembrane (7TM) G protein-coupled chemokine receptors, the large family of leukocyte chemoattractant receptors that regulates immune system development and function, in large part by mediating leukocyte trafficking. This was announced in Pharmacological Reviews in a major overview of the first decade of research in this field [Murphy PM, Baggiolini M, Charo IF, Hébert CA, Horuk R, Matsushima K, Miller LH, Oppenheim JJ, and Power CA (2000) Pharmacol Rev 52:145-176]. Since then, several new receptors have been discovered, and major advances have been made for the others in many areas, including structural biology, signal transduction mechanisms, biology, and pharmacology. New and diverse roles have been identified in infection, immunity, inflammation, development, cancer, and other areas. The first two drugs acting at chemokine receptors have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), maraviroc targeting CCR5 in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS, and plerixafor targeting CXCR4 for stem cell mobilization for transplantation in cancer, and other candidates are now undergoing pivotal clinical trials for diverse disease indications. In addition, a subfamily of atypical chemokine receptors has emerged that may signal through arrestins instead of G proteins to act as chemokine scavengers, and many microbial and invertebrate G protein-coupled chemokine receptors and soluble chemokine-binding proteins have been described. Here, we review this extended family of chemokine receptors and chemokine-binding proteins at the basic, translational, and clinical levels, including an update on drug development. We also introduce a new nomenclature for atypical chemokine receptors with the stem ACKR (atypical chemokine receptor) approved by the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Pharmacology and the Human Genome Nomenclature Committee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francoise Bachelerie
- Chair, Subcommittee on Chemokine Receptors, Nomenclature Committee-International Union of Pharmacology, Bldg. 10, Room 11N113, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892.
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Vogel CFA, Wu D, Goth SR, Baek J, Lollies A, Domhardt R, Grindel A, Pessah IN. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling regulates NF-κB RelB activation during dendritic-cell differentiation. Immunol Cell Biol 2013; 91:568-75. [PMID: 23999131 PMCID: PMC3806313 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2013.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
How the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) regulates dendritic-cell (DC) differentiation is unknown. We show that activation of AhR by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) caused enhanced differentiation from immature DCs (IDCs) to mature DCs (MDCs) in the bone-marrow-derived DCs (BMDC) from B6 wild-type mice but not in the BMDCs from AhR-null mice as indicated by the expression of CD11c and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Enhanced maturation of BMDCs was associated with elevated levels of CD86 and an increased AhR-dependent nuclear accumulation of nuclear factor-kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cell (NF-κB) member RelB in BMDCs. The expression of interleukin (IL) 10 and chemokine DC-CK1 was suppressed, whereas that of CXCL2, CXCL3 and IL-22 was significantly increased in AhR-activated BMDCs. Furthermore, TCDD induced expression of the regulatory enzymes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-like 1 (IDO2). Increased expression of IDO2 was associated with coexpression of the cell-surface marker CCR6. Interestingly, mRNA expression of the chemokine receptor CCR6 was drastically decreased in AhR-null IDCs and MDCs. Overall, these data demonstrate that AhR modifies the maturation of BMDCs associated with the induction of the regulatory enzyme IDO and altered expression of cytokine, chemokines and DC-specific surface markers and receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph F A Vogel
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Dalei Wu
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Samuel R Goth
- School of Veterinary Medicine: Molecular Biosciences, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jaeeun Baek
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Anna Lollies
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rowena Domhardt
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Annemarie Grindel
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Isaac N Pessah
- School of Veterinary Medicine: Molecular Biosciences, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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9
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Galzi JL, Hachet-Haas M, Bonnet D, Daubeuf F, Lecat S, Hibert M, Haiech J, Frossard N. Neutralizing endogenous chemokines with small molecules. Principles and potential therapeutic applications. Pharmacol Ther 2010; 126:39-55. [PMID: 20117133 PMCID: PMC7112609 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2009] [Accepted: 12/24/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of cellular responses to external stimuli such as hormones, neurotransmitters, or cytokines is achieved through the control of all steps of the complex cascade starting with synthesis, going through maturation steps, release, distribution, degradation and/or uptake of the signalling molecule interacting with the target protein. One possible way of regulation, referred to as scavenging or neutralization of the ligand, has been increasingly studied, especially for small protein ligands. It shows innovative potential in chemical biology approaches as well as in disease treatment. Neutralization of protein ligands, as for example cytokines or chemokines can lead to the validation of signalling pathways under physiological or pathophysiological conditions, and in certain cases, to the development of therapeutic molecules now used in autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammation and cancer treatment. This review explores the field of ligand neutralization and tries to determine to what extent small chemical molecules could substitute for neutralizing antibodies in therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc Galzi
- IREBS, FRE3211, Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Boulevard Sébastien Brant, 67412 Illkirch, France.
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10
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van Lieshout AWT, Vonk MC, Bredie SJH, Joosten LBA, Netea MG, van Riel PLCM, Lafyatis R, van den Hoogen FHJ, Radstake TRDJ. Enhanced interleukin-10 production by dendritic cells upon stimulation with Toll-like receptor 4 agonists in systemic sclerosis that is possibly implicated in CCL18 secretion. Scand J Rheumatol 2010; 38:282-90. [PMID: 19255934 DOI: 10.1080/03009740802572467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been suggested that the T-cell attracting and profibrotic chemokine CCL18 might play a role in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc). However, it is unclear what underlies the higher CCL18 levels in SSc. The aim of our study was to determine whether Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated stimulation of monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs) contributes to the higher levels of CCL18 in SSc. METHODS CCL18 levels were measured in 40 patients with SSc, primary Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) and healthy controls. The presence of TLR4 agonists in the circulation of SSc patients was investigated using TLR4 transgenic Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. CCL18 and interleukin (IL)-10 secretion by monocytes/macrophages and monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs) was measured in the supernatant. The indirect effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated moDCs on CCL18 secretion by monocytes/macrophages was investigated using a transwell system. RESULTS CCL18 levels were significantly elevated in SSc patients compared to patients with RP and healthy controls. SSc sera strongly induced CD25 expression on CHO cells genetically modified to express TLR4 but not on those expressing CD14 only. By contrast, serum from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients or healthy individuals did not have an effect. Neither monocytes/macrophages nor moDCs from SSc patients secreted higher levels of CCL18 compared to healthy controls. However, moDCs matured with the TLR4 ligand LPS from patients with SSc did secrete significantly higher amounts of IL-10 compared to those from healthy counterparts, which were IL-10 dependent. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that elevated CCL18 levels in SSc are not caused by an intrinsically enhanced CCL18 secretion by monocytes/macrophages but are, at least partly, orchestrated by an enhanced IL-10 secretion by TLR4-stimulated DCs. These observations suggest a role for TLR4 ligands and DCs in the pathogenesis of SSc, a topic that warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W T van Lieshout
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, the Netherlands
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11
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van der Voort R, Verweij V, de Witte TM, Lasonder E, Adema GJ, Dolstra H. An alternatively spliced CXCL16 isoform expressed by dendritic cells is a secreted chemoattractant for CXCR6+ cells. J Leukoc Biol 2010; 87:1029-39. [PMID: 20181724 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0709482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
DC are professional APCs that initiate and regulate adaptive immune responses by interacting with naïve and memory T cells. Chemokines released by DC play an essential role in T cell recruitment and in the maintenance of antigen-specific T cell-DC conjugates. Here, we characterized the expression of the T cell-attracting chemokine CXCL16 by murine DC. We demonstrate that through alternative RNA splicing, DC not only express the previously characterized transmembrane CXCL16 isoform, which can be cleaved from the cell surface, but also a novel isoform lacking the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains. Transfection of HEK293 cells shows that this novel isoform, termed CXCL16v, is not expressed on the cell membrane but is secreted as a protein of approximately 10 kDa. Quantitative PCR demonstrates that CXCL16v is broadly expressed in lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues resembling the tissue distribution of DC. Indeed, CXCL16v mRNA is expressed significantly by spleen DC and BM-DC. Moreover, we show that mature DC have increased CXCL16v mRNA levels and express transmembrane and soluble CXCL16 proteins. Finally, we show that CXCL16v specifically attracts cells expressing the chemokine receptor CXCR6. Our data demonstrate that mature DC express secreted, transmembrane, and cleaved CXCL16 isoforms to recruit and communicate efficiently with CXCR6(+) lymphoid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robbert van der Voort
- Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology and Tumor Immunology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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van Lieshout AWT, Fransen J, Flendrie M, Eijsbouts AMM, van den Hoogen FHJ, van Riel PLCM, Radstake TRDJ. Circulating levels of the chemokine CCL18 but not CXCL16 are elevated and correlate with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2007; 66:1334-8. [PMID: 17350968 PMCID: PMC1994323 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2006.066084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antigen-presenting cells (APC) and T cells are considered to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). CCL18 and CXCL16 are two chemokines that facilitate T cell attraction by APC, of which a role in the pathogenesis of RA has been suggested. OBJECTIVE To compare the circulating levels of CXCL16 and CCL18 in RA with controls and to investigate the relation of CXCL16 and CCL18 with RA disease activity and joint damage. METHODS Circulating CCL18 and CXCL16 levels were determined in 61 RA patients with a follow-up of 6 years and a group of 41 healthy controls with ELISA. Chemokine levels were correlated with demographic data, disease activity (DAS28) and joint damage (modified Sharp score). In addition, serum CCL18 and CXCL16 levels from a cohort of 44 RA patients treated with anti-TNF-alpha were correlated with disease activity. RESULTS CCL18 levels in serum were significantly elevated in RA patients compared with controls, while serum CXCL16 levels were not. In contrast to CXCL16, serum CCL18 was positively correlated with disease activity. Both CCL18 and CXCL16 levels decreased upon treatment with anti-TNF-alpha. Neither CCL18 nor CXCL16 correlated with joint damage and progression. CONCLUSION Here, we show, for the first time, that circulating CCL18 and not CXCL16 levels are elevated in RA patients as compared with controls and correlate with disease activity in RA. More knowledge regarding the regulation and function of both CCL18 and CXCL16 is essential to value their role in RA.
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Wimmer A, Khaldoyanidi SK, Judex M, Serobyan N, Discipio RG, Schraufstatter IU. CCL18/PARC stimulates hematopoiesis in long-term bone marrow cultures indirectly through its effect on monocytes. Blood 2006; 108:3722-9. [PMID: 16888095 PMCID: PMC1895459 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2006-04-014399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2006] [Accepted: 07/13/2006] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines play a role in regulating hematopoietic stem cell function, including migration, proliferation, and retention. We investigated the involvement of CCL18 in the regulation of bone marrow hematopoiesis. Treatment of human long-term bone marrow cultures (LTBMCs) with CCL18 resulted in significant stimulation of hematopoiesis, as measured by the total number of hematopoietic cells and their committed progenitors produced in culture. Monocytes/macrophages, whose survival was almost doubled in the presence of CCL18 compared with controls, were the primary cells mediating this effect. Conditioned media from CCL18-treated mature monocytes fostered colony-promoting activity that increased the number of colonies formed by hematopoietic progenitor cells. Gene expression profiling of CCL18-stimulated monocytes demonstrated more than 200 differentially expressed genes, including those regulating apoptosis (caspase-8) and proliferation (IL-6, IL-15, stem cell factor [SCF]). Up-regulation of these cytokines was confirmed on the protein expression level. The contribution of SCF and IL-6 in CCL18-mediated stimulatory activity for hematopoiesis was confirmed by SCF- and IL-6-blocking antibodies that significantly inhibited the colony-promoting activity of CCL18-stimulated conditioned medium. In addition to the effect on monocytes, CCL18 facilitated the formation of the adherent layer in LTBMCs and increased the proliferation of stromal fibroblast-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Wimmer
- Division of Cancer Biology, Ste 100, La Jolla Institute for Molecular Medicine, 4570 Executive Dr, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
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van Lieshout AWT, van der Voort R, le Blanc LMP, Roelofs MF, Schreurs BW, van Riel PLCM, Adema GJ, Radstake TRDJ. Novel insights in the regulation of CCL18 secretion by monocytes and dendritic cells via cytokines, toll-like receptors and rheumatoid synovial fluid. BMC Immunol 2006; 7:23. [PMID: 16984635 PMCID: PMC1590050 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2172-7-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2006] [Accepted: 09/19/2006] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The T cell attracting chemokine CCL18 is produced by antigen presenting cells and a role for CCL18 has been suggested in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of these conditions, in which abundant CCL18 production is present. Although Th2 cytokines and IL-10 are known to have an effect on CCL18 production, there are several gaps in our knowledge regarding the exact regulation of CCL18 secretion, both in general and in RA. In this study we provide new insights in the regulation of CCL18 secretion by monocytes and dendritic cells. RESULTS In contrast to a large panel of pro-inflammatory stimuli (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IL-10, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17, IL-18, IFN-gamma), T cell mimicking molecules (RANKL, CD40L) or TLR driven maturation, the anti-inflammatory IL-10 strongly stimulated DC to secrete CCL18. On freshly isolated monocytes, CCL18 secretion was induced by IL-4 and IL-13, in strong synergy with IL-10. This synergistic effect could already be observed after only 24 hours, indicating that not only macrophages and dendritic cells, but also monocytes secrete CCL18 under these stimulatory conditions. A high CCL18 expression was detected in RA synovial tissue and incubation of monocytes with synovial fluid from RA patients clearly enhanced the effects of IL-4, IL-13 and IL-10. Surprisingly, the effect of synovial fluid was not driven by IL-10 of IL-13, suggesting the presence of another CCL18 inducing factor in synovial fluid. CONCLUSION In summary, IL-10 synergistically induces CCL18 secretion in combination with IL-4 of IL-13 on monocytes and monocyte derived cells. The effects of IL-14, IL-13 and IL-10 are strongly enhanced by synovial fluid. This synergy may contribute to the high CCL18 expression in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robbert van der Voort
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
- Department of Hematology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Linda MP le Blanc
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Mieke F Roelofs
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - B Willem Schreurs
- Department of Orthopedics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Piet LCM van Riel
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Gosse J Adema
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy RDJ Radstake
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
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le Blanc LMP, van Lieshout AWT, Adema GJ, van Riel PLCM, Verbeek MM, Radstake TRDJ. CXCL16 is elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid versus serum and in inflammatory conditions with suspected and proved central nervous system involvement. Neurosci Lett 2006; 397:145-8. [PMID: 16406320 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2005.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2005] [Revised: 12/02/2005] [Accepted: 12/04/2005] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In neuro-inflammatory diseases, activated T cells are thought to drive the inflammatory process. In this study, we investigated the potential role of three T cell attracting chemokines (CK) in neuro-inflammation. For this purpose, we measured levels of CXCL16, CCL17 and CCL18 in matched serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of patients with different neurological diseases. Interestingly, CXCL16 levels were significantly elevated in the CSF and were higher in inflammatory disease than in controls, whereas CCL17 and CCL18 were absent in the CSF. CCL18 was only elevated in serum of SLE patients. These data suggest that attraction of activated memory type T cells by CXCL16 might play an important role in the orchestration of immune responses in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda M P le Blanc
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
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