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Jirau-Colón H, Jiménez-Vélez BD. PM 2.5 Extracts Induce INFγ-Independent Activation of CIITA, MHCII, and Increases Inflammation in Human Bronchial Epithelium. TOXICS 2024; 12:292. [PMID: 38668515 PMCID: PMC11054084 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12040292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The capacity of particulate matter (PM) to enhance and stimulate the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators has been previously demonstrated in non-antigen-presenting cells (human bronchial epithelia). Nonetheless, many proposed mechanisms for this are extrapolated from known canonical molecular pathways. This work evaluates a possible mechanism for inflammatory exacerbation after exposure to PM2.5 (from Puerto Rico) and CuSO4, using human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) as a model. The induction of CIITA, MHCII genes, and various pro-inflammatory mediators was investigated. Among these, the phosphorylation of STAT1 Y701 was significantly induced after 4 h of PM2.5 exposure, concurrent with a slight increase in CIITA and HLA-DRα mRNA levels. INFγ mRNA levels remained low amidst exposure time, while IL-6 levels significantly increased at earlier times. IL-8 remained low, as expected from attenuation by IL-6 in the known INFγ-independent inflammation pathway. The effects of CuSO4 showed an increase in HLA-DRα expression after 8 h, an increase in STAT1 at 1 h, and RF1 at 8 h We hypothesize and show evidence that an inflammatory response due to PM2.5 extract exposure in human bronchial epithelia can be induced early via an alternate non-canonical pathway in the absence of INFγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Jirau-Colón
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico;
- Center for Environmental and Toxicological Research, Biochemistry Department, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico
| | - Braulio D. Jiménez-Vélez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico;
- Center for Environmental and Toxicological Research, Biochemistry Department, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico
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2
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Shaltout AA, Kadi MW, Abd-Elkader OH, Boman J. Temporal and Spatial Variations of Potentially Toxic Elements in PM 10 Collected in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 85:451-465. [PMID: 37606654 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01026-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution causes environmental and health problems around the world. In this study, ambient particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter equal to or less than 10 microns (PM10) has been collected at three different locations in Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia. The locations are characterized by differences in terms of traffic, residential intensity, industrial, and non-road mobile machinery activities. The monthly and annual mass concentration of the PM10 exceeds the recommended annual limit of the World Health Organization (15 µg/m3) and the European air quality standard (40 µg/m3) at the three locations. The collected PM10 samples as well as a certified reference material of atmospheric particulates (NIST 1678a) were digested in aqua regia using microwave digestion. The quantitative elemental analysis was carried out using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The variations of the elemental concentration in terms of workdays, weekends, seasons, and annual were determined at the three locations. The spatial and temporal elemental variations were found to be different between the three sites, pointing to local influences that should be further evaluated. The concentration of Cd was found to be high and may cause health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah A Shaltout
- Spectroscopy Department, Physics Research Institute, National Research Centre, El Behooth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Mohammad W Kadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar H Abd-Elkader
- Physics and Astronomy Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Johan Boman
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Atmospheric Science, University of Gothenburg, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden
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3
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Yu P, Han Y, Wang M, Zhu Z, Tong Z, Shao X, Peng J, Hamid Y, Yang X, Deng Y, Huang Y. Heavy metal content and health risk assessment of atmospheric particles in China: A meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 867:161556. [PMID: 36640888 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, China has devoted significant attention to the heavy metals pollution in particulate matter. However, the majority of studies have only focused on the field monitoring in relatively remote areas, which may not be representative of air quality across the country. This study reevaluated the characteristics, temporal and spatial changes, and health concerns associated with heavy metal pollution in atmospheric particulates on a national scale by coupling Meta-analysis and Monte Carlo simulation analysis. In terms of spatial distribution, the heavy metals pollution levels in the northern coast and northeastern regions are relatively high, whereas it is low along the middle Yellow River, middle Yangtze River, as well as Southwest. With the exception of Cu, the distribution of all elements in PM2.5 steadily decreased over time Moreover, PM10 and PM2.5 performed similar where Cd and Ni both first increased followed by a decline while, Cr displayed a decrease before it showed an increment. And since the implementation of prevention and control policies about the atmospheric release, the focus of industrial emission has gradually shifted from energy production and processing to living products manufacturing. Moreover, the carcinogenic risk was shown to be Cr > As, Pb > Ni, Cd, while the non-carcinogenic risk was as follows: As, Ni > Cr, Cd. Among all contaminants, Cd, As, and Cr in PM2.5 and PM10 exceeded the WHO standard in the cities with worst air quality. It was observed that As posed the largest non-carcinogenic risk to adults while, Cr caused the most carcinogenic risk to adults and children, where the carcinogenic risk of children remains higher than that of adults. Therefore, the findings of this study may offer data support to the China's heavy metal pollution standards in airborne particles and offer theoretical data support for pollution management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyue Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yongliang Han
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Maodi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhen Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhenglong Tong
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - XingYuan Shao
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jianwei Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yasir Hamid
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environ. Remediation and Ecol. Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environ. Remediation and Ecol. Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yaocheng Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Ying Huang
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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Liu S, Ortiz A, Stavrou A, Talusan AR, Costa M. Extracellular Vesicles as Mediators of Nickel-Induced Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416111. [PMID: 36555753 PMCID: PMC9785150 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles (EVs), which represent a crucial mode of intercellular communication, play important roles in cancer progression by transferring oncogenic materials. Nickel (Ni) has been identified as a human group I carcinogen; however, the underlying mechanisms governing Ni-induced carcinogenesis are still being elucidated. Here, we present data demonstrating that Ni exposure generates EVs that contribute to Ni-mediated carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells and human embryonic kidney-293 (HEK293) cells were chronically exposed to Ni to generate Ni-treated cells (Ni-6W), Ni-transformed BEAS-2B cells (Ni-3) and Ni-transformed HEK293 cells (HNi-4). The signatures of EVs isolated from Ni-6W, Ni-3, HNi-4, BEAS-2B, and HEK293 were analyzed. Compared to their respective untreated cells, Ni-6W, Ni-3, and HNi-4 released more EVs. This change in EV release coincided with increased transcription of the EV biogenesis markers CD82, CD63, and flotillin-1 (FLOT). Additionally, EVs from Ni-transformed cells had enriched protein and RNA, a phenotype also observed in other studies characterizing EVs from cancer cells. Interestingly, both epithelial cells and human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVEC) cells showed a preference for taking up Ni-altered EVs compared to EVs released from the untreated cells. Moreover, these Ni-altered EVs induced inflammatory responses in both epithelial and endothelial cells and increased the expression of coagulation markers in endothelial cells. Prolonged treatment of Ni-alerted EVs for two weeks induced the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in BEAS-2B cells. This study is the first to characterize the effect of Ni on EVs and suggests the potential role of EVs in Ni-induced cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Max Costa
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-646-754-9443
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Mani SA, Peltier RE, Le Mestre M, Gunkel-Grillon P, Shah S, Mani FS. Black carbon and elemental characterization of PM 2.5 in dense traffic areas in two cities in Fiji, a Small Island Developing State. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 845:157136. [PMID: 35798099 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 characterizations are essential in understanding its impact on the health of the exposed population. Sampled PM2.5 by Mani et al. (2020) was characterized to determine atmospheric metal concentration and inhalation health risk in Suva and Lautoka Cities, the only two cities in Fiji and one of the largest in the South Pacific Islands. Twenty-two elements (Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Si, Sr, V, Zn) were analyzed using ICP-OES. Black Carbon (BC) sampling was also done at three different sites in Suva City, namely, Fiji National University Samabula Intersection site, Suva City Bus Station site and the Reservoir Road Community Settlement Site as well as at Lautoka City Bus Station. Mean BC concentrations over the sampling period were found to be 3.9 ± 2.9 (median = 3.3 μg/m3), 2.6 ± 2.7 μg/m3 (median = 1.7 μg/m3), 2.4 ± 2.3 μg/m3 (median = 1.7 μg/m3) and 4.0 ± 4.7 μg/m3 (median = 2.4 μg/m3) respectively. Health risk assessments (Carcinogenic Risk (CR) and Non-Carcinogenic Risk (HQ)) were also done to assess the risk of inhalation exposure in adults and children. The Hazard Index for children in Lautoka (HI = 1.03) was found to slightly exceed the safe level of 1. This study provides the first inventory of atmospheric particulate bound metal concentrations and diurnal BC profiles in Fiji and informs policy makers and scientists for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Mani
- School of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
| | - R E Peltier
- Department of Environmental Health Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA.
| | - M Le Mestre
- Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of New Caledonia, New Caledonia.
| | - P Gunkel-Grillon
- Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of New Caledonia, New Caledonia.
| | - S Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Fiji National University, Fiji.
| | - F S Mani
- School of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
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Contamination and Health Risk Assessments of Metals in Selected Fruits from Abeokuta, Southwestern Nigeria. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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7
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A Machine Learning-Based Study of the Effects of Air Pollution and Weather in Respiratory Disease Patients Visiting Emergency Departments. Emerg Med Int 2022; 2022:4462018. [PMID: 35154829 PMCID: PMC8828357 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4462018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. To date, investigating respiratory disease patients visiting the emergency departments related with fined dust is limited. This study aimed to analyze the effects of two variable-weather and air pollution on respiratory disease patients who visited emergency departments. Methods. This study utilized the National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS) database. The meteorological data were obtained from the National Climate Data Service. Each weather factor reflected the accumulated data of 4 days: a patient’s visit day and 3 days before the visit day. We utilized the RandomForestRegressor of scikit-learn for data analysis. Result. The study included 525,579 participants. This study found that multiple variables of weather and air pollution influenced the respiratory diseases of patients who visited emergency departments. Most of the respiratory disease patients had acute upper respiratory infections [J00–J06], influenza [J09–J11], and pneumonia [J12–J18], on which PM10 following temperature and steam pressure was the most influential. As the top three leading causes of admission to the emergency department, pneumonia [J12–J18], acute upper respiratory infections [J00–J06], and chronic lower respiratory diseases [J40–J47] were highly influenced by PM10. Conclusion. Most of the respiratory patients visiting EDs were diagnosed with acute upper respiratory infections, influenza, and pneumonia. Following temperature, steam pressure and PM10 had influential relations with these diseases. It is expected that the number of respiratory disease patients visiting the emergency departments will increase by day 3 when the steam pressure and temperature values are low, and the variables of air pollution are high. The number of respiratory disease patients visiting the emergency departments will increase by day 3 when the steam pressure and temperature values are low, and the variables of air pollution are high.
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Edwards S, Zhao G, Tran J, Patten KT, Valenzuela A, Wallis C, Bein KJ, Wexler AS, Lein PJ, Rao X. Pathological Cardiopulmonary Evaluation of Rats Chronically Exposed to Traffic-Related Air Pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2020; 128:127003. [PMID: 33275451 PMCID: PMC7717845 DOI: 10.1289/ehp7045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is made up of complex mixtures of particulate matter, gases and volatile compounds. However, the effects of TRAP on the cardiopulmonary system in most animal studies have been tested using acute exposure to singular pollutants. The cardiopulmonary effects and molecular mechanisms in animals that are chronically exposed to unmodified air pollution as a whole have yet to be studied. Additionally, sex-dependent toxicity of TRAP exposure has rarely been evaluated. OBJECTIVES This study sought to assess the cardiopulmonary effect of chronic exposure to unmodified, real-world TRAP in both female and male rats. METHODS Four-week-old male and female rats were exposed to TRAP or filtered air for 14 months in a novel facility drawing air from a major freeway tunnel system in Northern California. Inflammation and oxidative stress markers were examined in the lung, heart, spleen, and plasma, and TRAP deposits were quantified in the lungs of both male and female rats. RESULTS Elemental analysis showed higher levels of eight elements in the female lungs and one element in the male lungs. Expression of genes related to fibrosis, aging, oxidative stress, and inflammation were higher in the rat hearts exposed to TRAP, with female rats being more susceptible than males. Enhanced collagen accumulation was found only in the TRAP-exposed female hearts. Plasma cytokine secretion was higher in both female and male rats, but inflammatory macrophages were higher only in TRAP-exposed male spleens. DISCUSSION Our results in rats suggest pathological consequences from chronic TRAP exposure, including sex differences indicating females may be more susceptible to TRAP-induced cardiac fibrosis. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP7045.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Edwards
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Gang Zhao
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Joanne Tran
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- University of Portland, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Kelley T. Patten
- Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Anthony Valenzuela
- Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Christopher Wallis
- Air Quality Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Keith J. Bein
- Air Quality Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Anthony S. Wexler
- Air Quality Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, and Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Pamela J. Lein
- Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Xiaoquan Rao
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
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Mao X, Hu X, Wang Y, Xia W, Zhao S, Wan Y. Temporal trend of arsenic in outdoor air PM 2.5 in Wuhan, China, in 2015-2017 and the personal inhalation of PM-bound arsenic: implications for human exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:21654-21665. [PMID: 32279249 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08626-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic in fine air particulate matter (PM2.5) has been identified as an important factor responsible for the morbidity of lung cancer, which has increased sharply in many regions of China. Some reports in China have shown that arsenic in the air exceeds the ambient air quality standard value, while long-term airborne arsenic concentrations in central China and human exposure via inhalation of PM-bound arsenic (inhalable airborne PM) have not been well characterized. In this study, 579 outdoor air PM2.5 samples from Wuhan, a typical city in central China, were collected from 2015 to 2017, and arsenic was measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Personal exposure to PM-bound arsenic via inhalation and urinary arsenic concentration were also measured. The concentrations of arsenic in PM2.5 were in the range of 0.42-61.6 ng/m3 (mean 8.48 ng/m3). The average concentration of arsenic in 2015 (10.7 ng/m3) was higher than that in 2016 (6.81 ng/m3) and 2017 (8.18 ng/m3), exceeded the standard value. The arsenic concentrations in spring and winter were higher than those in summer and autumn. No significant differences (p > 0.05) were found among different sites. The daily intake of arsenic inhalation based on PM10 samples collected by personal samplers (median, 10.8 ng/m3) was estimated. Urban residents inhaled higher levels of PM-bound arsenic than rural residents. Daily intake of arsenic via inhalation accounted for a negligible part (< 1%) of the total daily intake of arsenic (calculated based on excreted urinary arsenic); however, potential associations between the adverse effects (e.g., lung adenocarcinoma) and inhaled PM-bound arsenic require more attention, particularly for those who experience in long-term exposure. This study is the first report of a 3-year temporal trend of airborne PM2.5-bound arsenic in central China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Mao
- Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430024, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Hu
- Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Wang
- Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430024, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shasha Zhao
- College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanjian Wan
- Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430024, People's Republic of China.
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Olise FS, Ogundele LT, Olajire MA, Owoade OK, Oloyede FA, Fawole OG, Ezeh GC. Biomonitoring of environmental pollution in the vicinity of iron and steel smelters in southwestern Nigeria using transplanted lichens and mosses. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:691. [PMID: 31667628 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7810-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study identified specific emission sources of atmospheric pollution in the vicinity of two secondary iron and steel smelting factories in Osun state, southwestern Nigeria, using transplanted biomonitors. A total of 120 biomonitors consisting of lichen and moss were grown under a controlled environment and later transplanted to the surroundings of each factory for monitoring of air pollutants for 3 months in both wet and dry seasons. The elemental contents (K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Br, Rb and Sr) of the biomonitors were determined by X-ray florescence (XRF) spectroscopy. The source identification was performed by applying positive matrix factorization (PMF) receptor modelling approach using the elemental data set from the two smelters. Among the measured elements, Fe had the highest average concentration in the lichen and moss samples as well as in both seasons. The average concentrations of Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As and Br were low. The varying average elemental concentrations of lichen and moss reflect the pattern of impact of smelting on atmospheric airborne pollution around the factories. The four factors resolved by PMF and their respective contributions were metal processing (39.0%), Fe source (28.0%), crustal/soil (22.0%) and road dust (11.0%) for moss and Fe source (34.0%), crustal/soil (26.0%), coal combustion (25.0%) and road dust (15.0%) for lichen. The study showcases lichen and moss as cheaper and yet efficient uninterrupted monitoring tools of air pollution sources associated with iron and steel smelting industrial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix S Olise
- Environmental Research Laboratory (ERL), Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Lasun T Ogundele
- Environmental Research Laboratory (ERL), Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
- Department of Physics, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria.
| | - Mudasiru A Olajire
- Environmental Research Laboratory (ERL), Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Oyediran K Owoade
- Environmental Research Laboratory (ERL), Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Fatai A Oloyede
- Department of Botany, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Olusegun G Fawole
- Environmental Research Laboratory (ERL), Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Godwin C Ezeh
- Center for Energy Research and Development (CERD), Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Lopes Costa SS, Alves JC, Almeida TS, Ribeiro VS, Azzolin Frescura Bascuñan VL, Andrade Maranhão T, Borges Garcia CA, Olímpio da Rocha G, Oliveira Araujo RG. Seasonality of airborne trace element sources in Aracaju, Northeastern, Brazil. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 247:19-28. [PMID: 31229782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work the urban area of Aracaju city, located in the State of Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil was the site for simultaneous collection of suspended particles (TSP) and inhalable particulate matter (PM10) aiming an evaluation of the air quality parameters. Concentrations of Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and V in TSP and PM10 were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Iron was the most abundant element found in both particulate samples. Through chemometric tools, it was possible to point out that the contributions to the TSP and PM10 formation are similar, and strong correlations were observed between Fe-Mn (0.83) and Cd-Pb (0.93) in TSP, and Fe-Mn (0.90), Fe-Cu (0.81) and Cd-Pb (0.97) in PM10, an evidence that these species are from sources related mainly to soil resuspension and vehicular traffic. Enrichment factor (EF) and geoaccumulation index (Igeo) showed an influence of fossil fuel burning in the composition of TSP and PM10. Through principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) it was observed particle size distribution groupings according to its aerodynamic size. Evaluation of the concentrations obtained for the collected samples according to the seasons (dry and rainy), indicated the influence of both, biogenic (resuspension of soil and marine aerosols) and anthropic (vehicle traffic and biomass burning) sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvânio Silvério Lopes Costa
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Analítica, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Núcleo de Competência Em Petróleo, Gás e Biocombustíveis, Laboratório de Tecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Cavalcante Alves
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Analítica, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Departamento de Química, Laboratório de Química Analítica Ambiental, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Tarcísio Silva Almeida
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Analítica, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Departamento de Química, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Vaniele Souza Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Analítica, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil; Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Baiano, Campus Guanambi, Guanambi, Bahia, 46430-000, Brazil
| | - Vera Lucia Azzolin Frescura Bascuñan
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Departamento de Química, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do CNPq - INCT de Energia e Ambiente, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Andrade Maranhão
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Departamento de Química, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do CNPq - INCT de Energia e Ambiente, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alexandre Borges Garcia
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Núcleo de Competência Em Petróleo, Gás e Biocombustíveis, Laboratório de Tecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49100-000, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Departamento de Química, Laboratório de Química Analítica Ambiental, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49100-000, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do CNPq - INCT de Energia e Ambiente, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Gisele Olímpio da Rocha
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Analítica, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do CNPq - INCT de Energia e Ambiente, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Rennan Geovanny Oliveira Araujo
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Analítica, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do CNPq - INCT de Energia e Ambiente, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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Direct and Indirect Effect of Air Particles Exposure Induce Nrf2-Dependent Cardiomyocyte Cellular Response In Vitro. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2019; 19:575-587. [DOI: 10.1007/s12012-019-09530-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Taiwo AM, Oyeleye OF, Majekodunmi BJ, Anuobi VE, Afolabi SA, Idowu OE, Ojekunle ZO, Taiwo OT. Evaluating the health risk of metals (Zn, Cr, Cd, Ni, Pb) in staple foods from Lagos and Ogun States, Southwestern Nigeria. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:167. [PMID: 30772926 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7307-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The study evaluated the health risk of metals in commonly consumed staple foods from Lagos and Ogun states, southwestern Nigeria. One hundred and thirty-three food samples were collected and analyzed for Zn, Cr, Cd, Ni, and Pb using atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. Data collected were analyzed for simple descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS for Windows. The health risk of metals in staple foods was assessed for average daily dose (ADD), hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), and cancer risk (CR). Results showed the highest concentrations of Zn (18.99 ± 13.62 mg kg-1) and Ni (0.21 ± 0.10 mg kg-1) in beans, while the highest amount of Cr (2.04 ± 1.44 mg kg-1) was obtained in rice. Cd concentrations in staple foodstuffs ranged from < 0.01 to 0.30 mg kg-1, while Pb was below the detection limit. The average levels of Zn in beans and maize were higher than the recommended dietary allowance (9.5 mg kg-1) of the Institute of Medicine. The mean concentrations of Cr and Cd (except for rice) in staple food samples were also higher than the permissible standards. The health risk data revealed HQ value greater than 1.0 for Cr in the food samples, indicating non-carcinogenic adverse health effects. The HI value greater than 1.0 in staple foods established cumulative adverse effects of metals. The carcinogenic evaluation of Cr (in all the food samples) and Ni (in beans) showed CR values greater than the acceptable limit of 1.0 × 10-4, thereby demonstrating possible development of cancer through consumption of the staple foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Taiwo
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, PMB 2240, Nigeria.
| | - O F Oyeleye
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, PMB 2240, Nigeria
| | - B J Majekodunmi
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, PMB 2240, Nigeria
| | - V E Anuobi
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, PMB 2240, Nigeria
| | - S A Afolabi
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, PMB 2240, Nigeria
| | - O E Idowu
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, PMB 2240, Nigeria
| | - Z O Ojekunle
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, PMB 2240, Nigeria
| | - O T Taiwo
- Department of Pure and Applied Zoology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, PMB 2240, Nigeria
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14
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Kurtz ML, Astort F, Lezon C, Ferraro SA, Maglione GA, Orona NS, Friedman SM, Boyer PM, Tasat DR. Oxidative stress response to air particle pollution in a rat nutritional growth retardation model. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2018; 81:1028-1040. [PMID: 30239279 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1519747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution consisting of gases and particulate matter-(PM) represents a health problem in cities worldwide. However, air pollution does not impact equally all individuals, as children appear to be more vulnerable subpopulations. Air pollution and malnutrition are two distinct factors that have been associated with oxidative damage. Therefore, the interaction between environmental exposure and nutritional status in populations at risk needs to be explored. The aim of this study was to examine oxidative metabolism in lung, heart and liver in malnourished young rats exposed to residual oil fly ash (ROFA). A Nutritional Growth Retardation (NGR) model was developed in weanling male rats placed on a 20% restricted balanced diet for 4 weeks. Then, NGR and control rats were intranasally instilled with either ROFA (1mg/kg BW) or phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Twenty-four hr post-exposure lung, heart and liver were excised, and serum collected. ROFA induced lung and liver inflammation in control and NGR animals as evidenced by lung polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) recruitment and alveolar space reduction accompanied by liver lymphocyte and binucleated hepatocyte level increase. In lung and liver, antioxidant defense mechanisms reduced lipoperoxidation. In contrast, only in NGR animals did ROFA exposure alter heart oxidative metabolism leading to lipid peroxidation. Although histological and biochemical tissue alterations were detected, no marked changes in serum liver and heart systemic biomarkers were observed. In conclusion, NGR animals responded differently to PM exposure than controls suggesting that nutritional status plays a key role in responsiveness to ambient air contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa L Kurtz
- a Center for The Studies in Health and Environment, School of Science and Technology , National University of San Martín , San Martín , Buenos Aires , Argentina
- b Committee for Scientific Research , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Francisco Astort
- a Center for The Studies in Health and Environment, School of Science and Technology , National University of San Martín , San Martín , Buenos Aires , Argentina
- b Committee for Scientific Research , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Christian Lezon
- c Department of Physiology , School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Sebastián A Ferraro
- a Center for The Studies in Health and Environment, School of Science and Technology , National University of San Martín , San Martín , Buenos Aires , Argentina
- b Committee for Scientific Research , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Guillermo A Maglione
- a Center for The Studies in Health and Environment, School of Science and Technology , National University of San Martín , San Martín , Buenos Aires , Argentina
- d Department of Histology and Embryology , School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Nadia S Orona
- a Center for The Studies in Health and Environment, School of Science and Technology , National University of San Martín , San Martín , Buenos Aires , Argentina
- b Committee for Scientific Research , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Silvia M Friedman
- e Department of General and Oral Biochemistry , School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Patricia M Boyer
- c Department of Physiology , School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Deborah R Tasat
- a Center for The Studies in Health and Environment, School of Science and Technology , National University of San Martín , San Martín , Buenos Aires , Argentina
- d Department of Histology and Embryology , School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina
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15
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Wei T, Tang M. Biological effects of airborne fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) exposure on pulmonary immune system. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 60:195-201. [PMID: 29734103 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) attracts more and more attention due to its environmental effects. The immune system appears to be a most sensitive target organ for the environmental pollutants. Inhaled PM2.5 can deposit in different compartments in the respiratory tract and interact with epithelial cells and resident immune cells. Exposed to PM2.5 can induce local or systematic inflammatory responses. This review focus on the effects of respiratory tract exposed to PM2.5. Firstly, we introduced the major emission sources, basic characteristics of PM2.5 and discussed its immunoadjuvant potential. Secondly, we elaborated the immune cells in the respiratory tract and the deposition of PM2.5 regarding the structural characteristics of the respiratory tract. Furthermore, we summarized the in vivo/vitro studies that revealed the immunotoxic effects of PM2.5 exposure to pulmonary cellular effectors and explored the contribution of PM2.5 exposure to the Th1/Th2 balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wei
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Jiangsu key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Jiangsu key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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16
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Zhang J, Zhou X, Wang Z, Yang L, Wang J, Wang W. Trace elements in PM 2.5 in Shandong Province: Source identification and health risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 621:558-577. [PMID: 29195204 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The chemical compositions in PM2.5 in metropolitan areas have obtained lots of attentions, of which concerns of airborne trace elements are relatively lacking. Here, PM2.5 samples were collected simultaneously in one year at four urban sites (Zibo (ZB), Zaozhuang (ZZ), Qingdao (QD) and Jinan (JN (Shandong University)), and a rural site (JN (Miaopu)) in Shandong province. 25 elements (Al, Na, Cl, Mg, Si, S, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Br, Sr, Cd, Ba and Pb) in PM2.5 were measured by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (WDXRF). Most trace elements (Al, Na, Cl, Mg, Si, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, As, Se, Br, Cd, Ba and Pb) exhibited the highest levels at ZB and the lowest at QD. Meanwhile, they presented obvious seasonal variations with the highest concentrations in winter or spring and the lowest in summer. S and K were the most abundant elements in the area. In the non-crustal trace metal elements, Zn, Pb and Mn presented the highest concentrations. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) modeling revealed that secondary formation, coal combustion and industry emissions were the main sources in the region. The health risk assessments suggested that at the five sites Cd (diet) for adults, Pb and Co for children, and Mn (diet) for both adults and children (at ZB and SDU sites) had non-carcinogenic risks. As and Pb for adults and children existed carcinogenic risks, especially Pb for children. The sources of these elements with health risks were further explored. Notably, Cd, As and Pb should be paid special attention in the area due to their high concentrations in aerosol water exceeding the acceptable health risks, especially Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhu Zhang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xuehua Zhou
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lingxiao Yang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Qingdao Environmental Monitoring Central Station, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wenxing Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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17
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Liang L, Liu N, Landis MS, Xu X, Feng X, Chen Z, Shang L, Qiu G. Chemical characterization and sources of PM 2.5 at 12-hr resolution in Guiyang, China. ACTA GEOCHIMICA 2018; 37:334-345. [PMID: 31632828 PMCID: PMC6800720 DOI: 10.1007/s11631-017-0248-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The increasing emission of primary and gaseous precursors of secondarily formed atmospheric particulate matter due to continuing industrial development and urbanization are leading to an increased public awareness of environmental issues and human health risks in China. As part of a pilot study, 12-hr integrated fine fraction particulate matter (PM2.5) filter samples were collected to chemically characterize and investigate the sources of ambient particulate matter in Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, southwestern China. Results showed that the 12-hr integrated PM2.5 concentrations exhibited a daytime average of 51 ± 22μg·m-3 (mean ± standard deviation) with a range of 17-128μg·m-3 and a nighttime average of 55 ± 32μg·m-33 with a range of 4-186 μg·m-3. The 24-hr integrated PM2.5 concentrations varied from 15 to 157 μg·m-3, with a mean value of 53 ± 25 μg·m-3, which exceeded the 24-hr PM2.5 standard of 35μg·m-3 set by USEPA, but was below the standard of 75μg·m-3, set by China Ministry of Environmental Protection. Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) was applied to determine PM2.5 chemical element concentrations. The order of concentrations of heavy metals in PM2.5 were iron (Fe) > zinc (Zn) > manganese (Mn) > lead (Pb) > arsenic (As) > chromium (Cr). The total concentration of 18 chemical elements was 13 ± 2 μg·m-3, accounting for 25% in PM2.5, which is comparable to other major cities in China, but much higher than cities outside of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longchao Liang
- Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry,
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
- Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Na Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry,
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Matthew S. Landis
- U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development, Research
Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Xiaohang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry,
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Xinbin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry,
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Lihai Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry,
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Guangle Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry,
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
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18
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Analytical approaches for arsenic determination in air: A critical review. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 898:1-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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19
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Brady JP, Ayoko GA, Martens WN, Goonetilleke A. Weak acid extractable metals in Bramble Bay, Queensland, Australia: temporal behaviour, enrichment and source apportionment. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2015; 91:380-388. [PMID: 25537749 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Sediment samples were taken from six sampling sites in Bramble Bay, Queensland, Australia between February and November in 2012. They were analysed for a range of heavy metals including Al, Fe, Mn, Ti, Ce, Th, U, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sb, Te, Hg, Tl and Pb. Fraction analysis, Enrichment Factors and Principal Component Analysis-Absolute Principal Component Scores (PCA-APCS) were carried out in order to assess metal pollution, potential bioavailability and source apportionment. Cr and Ni exceeded the Australian Interim Sediment Quality Guidelines at some sampling sites, while Hg was found to be the most enriched metal. Fraction analysis identified increased weak acid soluble Hg and Cd during the sampling period. Source apportionment via PCA-APCS found four sources of metals pollution, namely, marine sediments, shipping, antifouling coatings and a mixed source. These sources need to be considered in any metal pollution control measure within Bramble Bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Brady
- Queensland University of Technology, Science and Engineering Faculty, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Godwin A Ayoko
- Queensland University of Technology, Science and Engineering Faculty, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia.
| | - Wayde N Martens
- Queensland University of Technology, Science and Engineering Faculty, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Ashantha Goonetilleke
- Queensland University of Technology, Science and Engineering Faculty, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
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20
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Saradhi IV, Sandeep P, Pandit GG. Assessment of elemental contamination in road dust using EDXRF. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-3550-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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21
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Taiwo AM, Beddows DCS, Shi Z, Harrison RM. Mass and number size distributions of particulate matter components: comparison of an industrial site and an urban background site. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 475:29-38. [PMID: 24419284 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Size-resolved composition of particulate matter (PM) sampled in the industrial town of Port Talbot (PT), UK was determined in comparison to a typical urban background site in Birmingham (EROS). A Micro-Orifice Uniform Deposit Impactor (MOUDI) sampler was deployed for two separate sampling campaigns with the addition of a Grimm optical spectrometer at the PT site. MOUDI samples were analysed for water-soluble anions (Cl(-), NO₃(-) and SO₄(2-)) and cations (Na(+), NH4(+), K(+), Mg(2+) and Ca(2+)) and trace metals (Al, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Sb, Ba and Pb). The PM mass distribution showed a predominance of fine particle (PM₂.₅) mass at EROS whereas the PT samples were dominated by the coarse fraction (PM₂.₅₋₁₀). SO₄(2-), Cl(-), NH4(+), Na(+), NO₃(-), and Ca(2+) were the predominant ionic species at both sites while Al and Fe were the metals with highest concentrations at both sites. Mean concentrations of Cl(-), Na(+), K(+), Ca(2+), Mg(2+), Cr, Mn, Fe and Zn were higher at PT than EROS due to industrial and marine influences. The contribution of regional pollution by sulphate, ammonium and nitrate was greater at EROS relative to PT. The traffic signatures of Cu, Sb, Ba and Pb were particularly prominent at EROS. Overall, PM at EROS was dominated by secondary aerosol and traffic-related particles while PT was heavily influenced by industrial activities and marine aerosol. Profound influences of wind direction are seen in the 72-hour data, especially in relation to the PT local sources. Measurements of particle number in 14 separate size bins plotted as a function of wind direction and speed are highly indicative of contributing sources, with local traffic dominant below 0.5 μm, steelworks emissions from 0.5 to 15 μm, and marine aerosol above 15 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewale M Taiwo
- Division of Environmental Health & Risk Management, School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - David C S Beddows
- Division of Environmental Health & Risk Management, School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Zongbo Shi
- Division of Environmental Health & Risk Management, School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Roy M Harrison
- Division of Environmental Health & Risk Management, School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
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22
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García-Aleix JR, Delgado-Saborit JM, Verdú-Martín G, Amigó-Descarrega JM, Esteve-Cano V. Trends in arsenic levels in PM10 and PM 2.5 aerosol fractions in an industrialized area. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:695-703. [PMID: 23842861 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1950-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a toxic element that affects human health and is widely distributed in the environment. In the area of study, the main Spanish and second largest European industrial ceramic cluster, the main source of arsenic aerosol is related to the impurities in some boracic minerals used in the ceramic process. Epidemiological studies on cancer occurrence in Spain points out the study region as one with the greater risk of cancer. Concentrations of particulate matter and arsenic content in PM10 and PM2.5 were measured and characterized by ICP-MS in the area of study during the years 2005-2010. Concentrations of PM10 and its arsenic content range from 27 to 46 μg/m(3) and from 0.7 to 6 ng/m(3) in the industrial area, respectively, and from 25 to 40 μg/m(3) and from 0.7 to 2.8 ng/m(3) in the urban area, respectively. Concentrations of PM2.5 and its arsenic content range from 12 to 14 μg/m(3) and from 0.5 to 1.4 ng/m(3) in the urban background area, respectively. Most of the arsenic content is present in the fine fraction, with ratios of PM2.5/PM10 in the range of 0.65-0.87. PM10, PM2.5, and its arsenic content show a sharp decrease in recent years associated with the economic downturn, which severely hit the production of ceramic materials in the area under study. The sharp production decrease due to the economic crisis combined with several technological improvements in recent years such as substitution of boron, which contains As impurities as raw material, have reduced the concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, and As in air to an extent that currently meets the existing European regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R García-Aleix
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Nuclear, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Cº. de Vera, s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
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Rodríguez-Cotto RI, Ortiz-Martínez MG, Rivera- Ramírez E, Méndez LB, Dávila JC, Jiménez-Vélez BD. African Dust Storms Reaching Puerto Rican Coast Stimulate the Secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 and Cause Cytotoxicity to Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells (BEAS-2B). Health (London) 2013; 5:14-28. [PMID: 25002916 PMCID: PMC4082624 DOI: 10.4236/health.2013.510a2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
African dust storm events (ADE) travel across the Atlantic Ocean (ADEAO) and reach the Puerto Rican coast (ADEPRC), potentially impacting air quality and human health. To what extent seasonal variations in atmospheric particulate matter (PM) size fractions, composition and sources trigger respiratory-adverse effects to Puerto Ricans is still unclear. In the present study, we investigated the pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects of PM samples harvested during ADEAO (PM10), ADEPRC (PM2.5 and PM10) and Non-ADE (Preand Post-ADEAO and Non-ADEPRC), using BEAS-2B cells. Endotoxins (ENX) in PM2.5 and PM10 extracts and traces of metals (TMET) in PM2.5 extracts were also examined. IL-6 and IL-8 secretion and cytotoxicity were used as endpoints. ADEAO and ADEPRC extracts were found to be more cytotoxic than Non-ADE and ADEAO were more toxic than ADEPRC extracts. PM10 extracts from ADEAO and Post-ADEAO caused significant secretion of IL-8. IL-6 and IL-8 secretion was higher following treatment with PM10 and PM2.5 ADEPRC than with Non-ADEPRC extracts. ENX levels were found to be higher in PM10 ADEAO than in the rest of the samples tested. TMET levels were higher in PM2.5 ADEPRC than in Non-ADEPRC extracts. Deferoxamine significantly reduced cytotoxicity and IL-6 and IL-8 secretion whereas Polymyxin B did not. TMET in PM2.5 fractions is a major determinant in ADEPRC-induced toxicity and work in conjunction with ENX to cause toxicity to lung cells in vitro. ENX and TMET may be responsible, in part, for triggering PM-respiratory adverse responses in susceptible and predisposed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa I. Rodríguez-Cotto
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Center for Environmental and Toxicological Research, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Mario G. Ortiz-Martínez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Center for Environmental and Toxicological Research, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Evasomary Rivera- Ramírez
- Center for Environmental and Toxicological Research, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico-Río Piedras Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Loyda B. Méndez
- Center for Environmental and Toxicological Research, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Science and Technology School, Eastern University, Carolina, Puerto Rico
| | - Julio C. Dávila
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Center for Environmental and Toxicological Research, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Braulio D. Jiménez-Vélez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Center for Environmental and Toxicological Research, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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Brant KA, Fabisiak JP. Role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1, α subunit and cAMP-response element binding protein 1 in synergistic release of interleukin 8 by prostaglandin E2 and nickel in lung fibroblasts. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2013; 49:105-13. [PMID: 23526216 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2012-0297oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous epidemiological studies have linked exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution with acute respiratory infection and chronic respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. We have previously shown that soluble nickel (Ni), a common component of PM, alters the release of CXC chemokines from cultured human lung fibroblasts (HLF) in response to microbial stimuli via a pathway dependent on disrupted prostaglandin (PG)E2 signaling. The current study sought to identify the molecular events underlying Ni-induced alterations in PGE2 signaling and its effects on IL-8 production. PGE2 synergistically enhances Ni-induced IL-8 release from HLF in a concentration-dependent manner. The effects of PGE2 were mimicked by butaprost and PGE1-alcohol and inhibited with antagonists AH6809 and L-161,982, indicating PGE2 signals via PGE2 receptors 2 and 4. PGE2 and forskolin stimulated cAMP, but it was only in the presence of Ni-induced hypoxia-inducible factor 1, α subunit (HIF1A) that these agents stimulated IL-8 release. The Ni-induced HIF1A DNA binding was enhanced by PGE2 and mediated, in part, by activation of p38 MAPK. Negation of cAMP-response element binding protein 1 or HIF1A using short interfering RNA blocked the synergistic interactions between Ni and PGE2. The results of the current study provide novel information on the ability of atmospheric hypoxia-mimetic metals to disrupt the release of immune-modulating chemokines by HLF in response to PGE2. Moreover, in the presence of HIF1A, cAMP-mediated signaling pathways may be altered to exacerbate inflammatory-like processes in lung tissue, imparting a susceptibility of PM-exposed populations to adverse respiratory health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Brant
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
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25
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Cano-Gutiérrez G, Acevedo-Nava S, Santamaría A, Altamirano-Lozano M, Cano-Rodríguez MC, Fortoul TI. Hepatic megalocytosis due to vanadium inhalation: participation of oxidative stress. Toxicol Ind Health 2011; 28:353-60. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233711412424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological changes, liver function test (LFT), and oxidative stress damage caused by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), in mice exposed to vanadium via inhalation. Male CD-1 mice were exposed to vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) via inhalation (0.02 M), 1 hour twice a week for 6 weeks. At the end of the protocol, controls and exposed mice were killed to evaluate the changes. Histological analysis and LFT were performed to detect the damage. TBARS detection was assessed for oxidative stress. Inflammatory infiltration, binucleation, and meganucleus were detected in the liver of V2O5-exposed mice ( p < 0.05). Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were also significantly increased ( p < 0.05). Lipid peroxidation was significantly higher in V2O5-exposed animals compared to controls ( p < 0.05). V2O5 exposure induced inflammation and cell damage detected by the increase in ALT and AST levels, as well as histological changes that suggest regenerative changes, such as binucleation and meganucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gumaro Cano-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Tisular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México City, México
| | - Sandra Acevedo-Nava
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Tisular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México City, México
| | - Abel Santamaría
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores/Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, México City, México
| | - Mario Altamirano-Lozano
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México City, México
| | - María Concepción Cano-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Cirugía. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y de la Nutrición “Salvador Zubiran” (INCMNSZ), México City, México
| | - Teresa I Fortoul
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Tisular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México City, México
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26
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Fuentes-Mattei E, Rivera E, Gioda A, Sanchez-Rivera D, Roman-Velazquez FR, Jimenez-Velez BD. Use of human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) to study immunological markers resulting from exposure to PM(2.5) organic extract from Puerto Rico. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2009; 243:381-9. [PMID: 20026096 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2009.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2009] [Revised: 12/04/2009] [Accepted: 12/07/2009] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate air pollutants, mainly their organic fraction, have been demonstrated to be associated with cardiovascular and respiratory health problems. Puerto Rico has been reported to have the highest prevalence of pulmonary diseases (e.g., asthma) in the United States. The aim of this study was to assess, for the first time, the immunological response of human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) to organic extracts isolated from airborne particulate matter (PM(2.5)) in Puerto Rico. Organic extracts from PM(2.5) collected throughout an 8-month period (2000-2001) were pooled (composite) in order to perform chemical analysis and biological activity testing. BEAS-2B cells were exposed to PM(2.5) organic extract to assess cytotoxicity, levels of cytokines and relative gene expression of MHC-II, hPXR and CYP3A5. Our findings show that organic PM(2.5) consist of toxic as well as bioactive components that can regulate the secretion of cytokines in BEAS-2B, which could modulate inflammatory response in the lung. Trace element analyses confirmed the presence of metals in organic extracts highlighting the relative high abundance of Cu and Zn in polar organic extracts. Polar organic extracts exhibited dose-dependant toxicity and were found to significantly induce the release of interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-1beta and IL-7 while significantly inhibiting the secretion of IL-8, G-CSF and MCP-1. Moreover, MHC-II transcriptional activity was up-regulated after 24 h of exposure, whereas PXR and CYP3A5 were down-regulated. This research provides a new insight into the effects of PM(2.5) organic fractions on specific effectors and their possible role in the development of respiratory inflammatory diseases in Puerto Rico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Fuentes-Mattei
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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27
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Zhang Z, Chau PYK, Lai HK, Wong CM. A review of effects of particulate matter-associated nickel and vanadium species on cardiovascular and respiratory systems. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2009; 19:175-185. [PMID: 20183191 DOI: 10.1080/09603120802460392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Many epidemiological investigations indicate that excess risks of mortality and morbidity may vary among specific PM(2.5) components. Nickel (Ni) and vanadium (V) particulate metal species may potentially be related to increasing respiratory and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. This review focuses on exposure concentrations of these two species in various settings, their health effects based on epidemiological and toxicological studies and the underlying mechanisms. The evidence shows that environmental exposure concentrations of Ni and V in general setting are lower than the World Health Organization standard (V, 1 microg/m(3)/day) in 2000, or the European Environment Agency standard (Ni, 1 microg/m(3)/day) in 2003, but their associations with cardiopulmonary diseases can still be found. The toxicological mechanism can be explained by laboratory-based studies. Updated safe guidelines on environmental and human exposure of Ni and V are necessary in order to clarify the associations between them and cardiopulmonary diseases and provide environmental intervention policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan
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28
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Chiu YH, Hart JE, Smith TJ, Hammond SK, Garshick E, Laden F. Nicotine contamination in particulate matter sampling. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2009; 6:601-7. [PMID: 19440403 PMCID: PMC2672355 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph6020601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2008] [Accepted: 02/04/2009] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
We have addressed potential contamination of PM2.5 filter samples by nicotine from cigarette smoke. We collected two nicotine samples – one nicotine sampling filter was placed inline after the collection of PM2.5 and the other stood alone. The overall correlation between the two nicotine filter levels was 0.99. The nicotine collected on the “stand-alone” filter was slightly greater than that on the “in-line” filter (mean difference = 1.10 μg/m3), but the difference was statistically significant only when PM2.5 was low (≤ 50 μg/m3). It is therefore important to account for personal and secondhand smoke exposure while assessing occupational and environmental PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Hsiu Chiu
- Exposure, Epidemiology and Risk Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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