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McLeod M, Chang MC, Rushin A, Ragavan M, Mahar R, Sharma G, Badar A, Giacalone A, Glanz ME, Malut VR, Graham D, Sunny NE, Bankson JA, Cusi K, Merritt ME. Detecting altered hepatic lipid oxidation by MRI in an animal model of MASLD. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101714. [PMID: 39241774 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) prevalence is increasing annually and affects over a third of US adults. MASLD can progress to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), characterized by severe hepatocyte injury, inflammation, and eventual advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis. MASH is predicted to become the primary cause of liver transplant by 2030. Although the etiology of MASLD/MASH is incompletely understood, dysregulated fatty acid oxidation is implicated in disease pathogenesis. Here, we develop a method for estimating hepatic β-oxidation from the metabolism of [D15]octanoate to deuterated water and detection with deuterium magnetic resonance methods. Perfused livers from a mouse model of MASLD reveal dysregulated hepatic β-oxidation, findings that corroborate in vivo imaging. The high-fat-diet-induced MASLD mouse studies indicate that decreased β-oxidative efficiency in the fatty liver could serve as an indicator of MASLD progression. Furthermore, our method provides a clinically translatable imaging approach for determining hepatic β-oxidation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc McLeod
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9014, USA
| | - Mario C Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Anna Rushin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Mukundan Ragavan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Rohit Mahar
- Department of Chemistry, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand 246174, India
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Arshee Badar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Anthony Giacalone
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Max E Glanz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Vinay R Malut
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Dalton Graham
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Nishanth E Sunny
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - James A Bankson
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA
| | - Kenneth Cusi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Veterans Health Administration and University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Matthew E Merritt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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Jonuscheit M, Uhlemeyer C, Korzekwa B, Schouwink M, Öner-Sieben S, Ensenauer R, Roden M, Belgardt BF, Schrauwen-Hinderling VB. Post mortem analysis of hepatic volume and lipid content by magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy in fixed murine neonates. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2024; 37:e5140. [PMID: 38556731 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.5140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Maternal obesity and hyperglycemia are linked to an elevated risk for obesity, diabetes, and steatotic liver disease in the adult offspring. To establish and validate a noninvasive workflow for perinatal metabolic phenotyping, fixed neonates of common mouse strains were analyzed postmortem via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to assess liver volume and hepatic lipid (HL) content. The key advantage of nondestructive MRI/MRS analysis is the possibility of further tissue analyses, such as immunohistochemistry, RNA extraction, and even proteomics, maximizing the data that can be gained per individual and therefore facilitating comprehensive correlation analyses. This study employed an MRI and 1H-MRS workflow to measure liver volume and HL content in 65 paraformaldehyde-fixed murine neonates at 11.7 T. Liver volume was obtained using semiautomatic segmentation of MRI acquired by a RARE sequence with 0.5-mm slice thickness. HL content was measured by a STEAM sequence, applied with and without water suppression. T1 and T2 relaxation times of lipids and water were measured for respective correction of signal intensity. The HL content, given as CH2/(CH2 + H2O), was calculated, and the intrasession repeatability of the method was tested. The established workflow yielded robust results with a variation of ~3% in repeated measurements for HL content determination. HL content measurements were further validated by correlation analysis with biochemically assessed triglyceride contents (R2 = 0.795) that were measured in littermates. In addition, image quality also allowed quantification of subcutaneous adipose tissue and stomach diameter. The highest HL content was measured in C57Bl/6N (4.2%) and the largest liver volume and stomach diameter in CBA (53.1 mm3 and 6.73 mm) and NMRI (51.4 mm3 and 5.96 mm) neonates, which also had the most subcutaneous adipose tissue. The observed effects were independent of sex and litter size. In conclusion, we have successfully tested and validated a robust MRI/MRS workflow that allows assessment of morphology and HL content and further enables paraformaldehyde-fixed tissue-compatible subsequent analyses in murine neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Jonuscheit
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Celina Uhlemeyer
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Benedict Korzekwa
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marten Schouwink
- University Children's Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Soner Öner-Sieben
- Institute of Child Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Regina Ensenauer
- Institute of Child Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bengt-Frederik Belgardt
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vera B Schrauwen-Hinderling
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Lamichhane G, Lee DY, Franks R, Olawale F, Jin JB, Egan JM, Kim Y. Curcumin-Rich Diet Mitigates Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) by Attenuating Fat Accumulation and Improving Insulin Sensitivity in Aged Female Mice under Nutritional Stress. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:472. [PMID: 39056667 PMCID: PMC11274271 DOI: 10.3390/biology13070472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high incidence of metabolic syndrome in the elderly poses a significant challenge to the healthcare system, emphasizing the need for interventions tailored to geriatric patients. Given the limited focus on females in previous studies, this research aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary curcumin on obesity and NAFLD outcomes in naturally aged (18-month-old) female mice. METHODS Female C57BL/6 mice aged 18 months were fed a normal chow diet (NCD) and a HFHSD, with or without curcumin (0.4% w/w), for an 8-week period. Parameters included food intake, body weight, insulin tolerance test (ITT), glucose tolerance test (GTT), percentage fat mass, hepatic triglyceride, and cholesterol levels, and a histological examination for NAFLD detection, qPCR, and immunoblotting analyses were performed. RESULTS The cumulative body weight gain after 8 weeks in the aged female mice supplemented with curcumin and fed an HFHSD was significantly lower (10.84 ± 1.09 g) compared to those fed a HFHSD alone (15.28 ± 1.26 g). Curcumin supplementation also resulted in reduced total body fat (HFHSD group 50.83 ± 1.71% vs. HFHSD+CUR 41.46 ± 3.21%), decreased epidydimal fat mass (HFHSD: 3.79 ± 0.29 g vs. HFHSD+CUR: 2.66 ± 0.30 g), and repaired adipogenic signaling in the white adipose tissue. Furthermore, curcumin lowered triglyceride and cholesterol deposition in the liver, preventing hepatic steatosis and improving hepatic insulin sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS Curcumin demonstrates the ability to ameliorate the deleterious effects of HFHSD in aged female mice by reducing body fat composition, modulating adipogenic signaling in the white adipose tissue, and improving insulin homeostasis and non-alcoholic fatty deposition in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Lamichhane
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (G.L.); (D.-Y.L.); (R.F.); (F.O.); (J.-B.J.)
| | - Da-Yeon Lee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (G.L.); (D.-Y.L.); (R.F.); (F.O.); (J.-B.J.)
| | - Rienna Franks
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (G.L.); (D.-Y.L.); (R.F.); (F.O.); (J.-B.J.)
| | - Femi Olawale
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (G.L.); (D.-Y.L.); (R.F.); (F.O.); (J.-B.J.)
| | - Jong-Beom Jin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (G.L.); (D.-Y.L.); (R.F.); (F.O.); (J.-B.J.)
| | - Josephine M. Egan
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA;
| | - Yoo Kim
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (G.L.); (D.-Y.L.); (R.F.); (F.O.); (J.-B.J.)
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Poxleitner M, Hoffmann SHL, Berezhnoy G, Ionescu TM, Gonzalez-Menendez I, Maier FC, Seyfried D, Ehrlichmann W, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Schmid AM, Reischl G, Trautwein C, Maurer A, Pichler BJ, Herfert K, Beziere N. Western diet increases brain metabolism and adaptive immune responses in a mouse model of amyloidosis. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:129. [PMID: 38745337 PMCID: PMC11092112 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03080-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet-induced increase in body weight is a growing health concern worldwide. Often accompanied by a low-grade metabolic inflammation that changes systemic functions, diet-induced alterations may contribute to neurodegenerative disorder progression as well. This study aims to non-invasively investigate diet-induced metabolic and inflammatory effects in the brain of an APPPS1 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. [18F]FDG, [18F]FTHA, and [18F]GE-180 were used for in vivo PET imaging in wild-type and APPPS1 mice. Ex vivo flow cytometry and histology in brains complemented the in vivo findings. 1H- magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the liver, plasma metabolomics and flow cytometry of the white adipose tissue were used to confirm metaflammatory condition in the periphery. We found disrupted glucose and fatty acid metabolism after Western diet consumption, with only small regional changes in glial-dependent neuroinflammation in the brains of APPPS1 mice. Further ex vivo investigations revealed cytotoxic T cell involvement in the brains of Western diet-fed mice and a disrupted plasma metabolome. 1H-magentic resonance spectroscopy and immunological results revealed diet-dependent inflammatory-like misbalance in livers and fatty tissue. Our multimodal imaging study highlights the role of the brain-liver-fat axis and the adaptive immune system in the disruption of brain homeostasis in amyloid models of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilena Poxleitner
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sabrina H L Hoffmann
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Georgy Berezhnoy
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tudor M Ionescu
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Irene Gonzalez-Menendez
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Florian C Maier
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dominik Seyfried
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Walter Ehrlichmann
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas M Schmid
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gerald Reischl
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Trautwein
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Maurer
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernd J Pichler
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kristina Herfert
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Nicolas Beziere
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence CMFI (EXC 2124) "Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany.
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Hiyoshi T, Zhao F, Baba R, Hirakawa T, Kuboki R, Suzuki K, Tomimatsu Y, O'Donnell P, Han S, Zach N, Nakashima M. Electrical impedance myography detects dystrophin-related muscle changes in mdx mice. Skelet Muscle 2023; 13:19. [PMID: 37980539 PMCID: PMC10657153 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-023-00331-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lack of functional dystrophin protein in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) causes chronic skeletal muscle inflammation and degeneration. Therefore, the restoration of functional dystrophin levels is a fundamental approach for DMD therapy. Electrical impedance myography (EIM) is an emerging tool that provides noninvasive monitoring of muscle conditions and has been suggested as a treatment response biomarker in diverse indications. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of skeletal muscles has become a standard measurement in clinical trials for DMD, EIM offers distinct advantages, such as portability, user-friendliness, and reduced cost, allowing for remote monitoring of disease progression or response to therapy. To investigate the potential of EIM as a biomarker for DMD, we compared longitudinal EIM data with MRI/histopathological data from an X-linked muscular dystrophy (mdx) mouse model of DMD. In addition, we investigated whether EIM could detect dystrophin-related changes in muscles using antisense-mediated exon skipping in mdx mice. METHODS The MRI data for muscle T2, the magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) data for fat fraction, and three EIM parameters with histopathology were longitudinally obtained from the hindlimb muscles of wild-type (WT) and mdx mice. In the EIM study, a cell-penetrating peptide (Pip9b2) conjugated antisense phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer (PPMO), designed to induce exon-skipping and restore functional dystrophin production, was administered intravenously to mdx mice. RESULTS MRI imaging in mdx mice showed higher T2 intensity at 6 weeks of age in hindlimb muscles compared to WT mice, which decreased at ≥ 9 weeks of age. In contrast, EIM reactance began to decline at 12 weeks of age, with peak reduction at 18 weeks of age in mdx mice. This decline was associated with myofiber atrophy and connective tissue infiltration in the skeletal muscles. Repeated dosing of PPMO (10 mg/kg, 4 times every 2 weeks) in mdx mice led to an increase in muscular dystrophin protein and reversed the decrease in EIM reactance. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that muscle T2 MRI is sensitive to the early inflammatory response associated with dystrophin deficiency, whereas EIM provides a valuable biomarker for the noninvasive monitoring of subsequent changes in skeletal muscle composition. Furthermore, EIM reactance has the potential to monitor dystrophin-deficient muscle abnormalities and their recovery in response to antisense-mediated exon skipping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuaki Hiyoshi
- Neuroscience Translational Medicine, Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-Chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Fuqiang Zhao
- Center of Excellence for Imaging, Preclinical and Translational Sciences, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 95 Hayden Avenue, Lexington, MA, 02141, USA
| | - Rina Baba
- Muscular Disease and Neuropathy Unit, Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-Chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hirakawa
- Muscular Disease and Neuropathy Unit, Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-Chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kuboki
- Muscular Disease and Neuropathy Unit, Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-Chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Kazunori Suzuki
- Muscular Disease and Neuropathy Unit, Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-Chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Tomimatsu
- Neuroscience Translational Medicine, Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-Chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Patricio O'Donnell
- Neuroscience Translational Medicine, Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 95 Hayden Avenue, Lexington, MA, 02141, USA
| | - Steve Han
- Neuroscience Therapeutic Area Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 95 Hayden Avenue, Lexington, MA, 02141, USA
| | - Neta Zach
- Neuroscience Translational Medicine, Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 95 Hayden Avenue, Lexington, MA, 02141, USA
| | - Masato Nakashima
- Neuroscience Translational Medicine, Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-Chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan.
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Tipirneni-Sajja A, Brasher S, Shrestha U, Johnson H, Morin C, Satapathy SK. Quantitative MRI of diffuse liver diseases: techniques and tissue-mimicking phantoms. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 36:529-551. [PMID: 36515810 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-022-01053-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques are emerging as non-invasive alternatives to biopsy for assessment of diffuse liver diseases of iron overload, steatosis and fibrosis. For testing and validating the accuracy of these techniques, phantoms are often used as stand-ins to human tissue to mimic diffuse liver pathologies. However, currently, there is no standardization in the preparation of MRI-based liver phantoms for mimicking iron overload, steatosis, fibrosis or a combination of these pathologies as various sizes and types of materials are used to mimic the same liver disease. Liver phantoms that mimic specific MR features of diffuse liver diseases observed in vivo are important for testing and calibrating new MRI techniques and for evaluating signal models to accurately quantify these features. In this study, we review the liver morphology associated with these diffuse diseases, discuss the quantitative MR techniques for assessing these liver pathologies, and comprehensively examine published liver phantom studies and discuss their benefits and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaryani Tipirneni-Sajja
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA.
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | - Sarah Brasher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Utsav Shrestha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Hayden Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Cara Morin
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sanjaya K Satapathy
- Northwell Health Center for Liver Diseases and Transplantation, Northshore University Hospital/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
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7
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Zhao Y, Dai J, Jiang Y, Wu H, Cui Y, Li X, Mao H, Wang B, Ju S, Peng XG. Reducing White Adipose Tissue Browning Using p38α MAPK Inhibitors Ameliorates Cancer-Associated Cachexia as Assessed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153013. [PMID: 35893867 PMCID: PMC9331061 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Up to 80% of pancreatic cancer patients suffer from cachexia. White adipose tissue (WAT) browning caused by the tumorigenicity and progression aggravates the cancer-associated cachexia (CAC). Cancer-initiated changes in the protein-38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK) pathway are likely involved in the development of CAC. Methods: p38 MAPK inhibitors, VCP979 or SB203580, were used in the in vitro and in vivo models of pancreatic cancer cachexia. Expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in the p38 MARK pathway and the properties and level of white adipocytes were analyzed and correlated to browning, followed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting validations. Changes in the volume and fat fraction of WAT in animals were monitored by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: The size of white adipocytes was increased after being treated with the p38 MAPK inhibitors, along with increase in the MRI-measured volume and fat fraction of WAT. Comparing two p38 MAPK inhibitors, the p38α subunit-specific inhibitor VCP979 had a better therapeutic effect than SB203580, which targets both p38α and β subunits. Conclusions: Blockade of p38 MAPK reduced the WAT browning that contributes to CAC. Thus, p38 MARK inhibitors can potentially be used as a therapy for treating CAC. Non-invasive MRI can also be applied to assess the progression and treatment responses of CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (Y.Z.); (J.D.); (Y.J.); (H.W.); (Y.C.); (X.L.); (S.J.)
| | - Jingyue Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (Y.Z.); (J.D.); (Y.J.); (H.W.); (Y.C.); (X.L.); (S.J.)
| | - Yang Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (Y.Z.); (J.D.); (Y.J.); (H.W.); (Y.C.); (X.L.); (S.J.)
| | - Honghong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (Y.Z.); (J.D.); (Y.J.); (H.W.); (Y.C.); (X.L.); (S.J.)
| | - Ying Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (Y.Z.); (J.D.); (Y.J.); (H.W.); (Y.C.); (X.L.); (S.J.)
| | - Xinxiang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (Y.Z.); (J.D.); (Y.J.); (H.W.); (Y.C.); (X.L.); (S.J.)
| | - Hui Mao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA;
| | - Binghui Wang
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia;
| | - Shenghong Ju
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (Y.Z.); (J.D.); (Y.J.); (H.W.); (Y.C.); (X.L.); (S.J.)
| | - Xin-Gui Peng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (Y.Z.); (J.D.); (Y.J.); (H.W.); (Y.C.); (X.L.); (S.J.)
- People’s Hospital of Lishui District, 86 Chongwen Road, Yongyang Town, Lishui District, Nanjing 211299, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-025-83272115
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Chen Y, Ding J, Zhao Y, Ju S, Mao H, Peng XG. Irisin induces white adipose tissue browning in mice as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:1597-1606. [PMID: 33882700 PMCID: PMC8326442 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211006049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to track and evaluate the effect of low-dose irisin on the browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) in mice using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) noninvasively in vivo. Mature white adipocytes extracted from mice were cultured, induced and characterized before being treated by irisin. The volume and fat fraction of WAT were quantified using MRI in normal chow diet and high fat mice after injection of irisin. The browning of cultured white adipocytes and WAT in mice were validated by immunohistochemistry and western blotting for uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and deiodinase type II (DIO2). The serum indexes were examined with high fat diet after irisin intervention. UCP1 and DIO2 in adipocytes showed increases responding to the irisin treatment. The size of white adipocytes in mice receiving irisin intervention was reduced. MRI measured volumes and fat fraction of WAT were significantly lower after Irisin treatment. Blood glucose and cholesterol levels were reduced in high fat diet mice after irisin treatment. Irisin intervention exerted browning of WAT, resulting reduction of volume and fat fraction of WAT as measured by MRI. Furthermore, it improved the condition of mice with diet-induced obesity and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging,
Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University,
Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Jie Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging,
Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University,
Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging,
Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University,
Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Shenghong Ju
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging,
Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University,
Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Hui Mao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University,
Atlanta, GA 30322-1007, USA
| | - Xin-Gui Peng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging,
Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University,
Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
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9
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Del Chicca F, Richter H, Steger GL, Salesov E, Reusch CE, Kircher PR. Sample strategies for quantification of hepatic fat fraction mean MRI in healthy cats during body weight gain. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241905. [PMID: 33180808 PMCID: PMC7660519 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fat fraction (HFF) can be non-invasively estimated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) multiple echo gradient recalled echo (GRE) sequence. The aim of this study was to test different methods of sampling strategies to quantify the HFF in healthy cats during body weight gain. Twelve healthy adult male cats were examined in a 3 Tesla MRI unit. Sequences included morphological images, and multiple echo GRE sequence. Cats were scanned at the beginning of the study and twice, each 20 weeks apart during body weight gain. HFF was calculated with 5 different methods of sampling on the multiple echo GRE sequence with different number, size and position of regions of interest (ROIs) and by 2 operators. Results indicated that HFF increased with increasing body weight, and the increase was appreciated with all the 5 methods. There was overall excellent agreement (interclass correlation coefficient = 0.820 (95% confidence interval:0.775–0.856)) between the 2 operators. HFF in the left lateral hepatic lobe was lower than in the other analyzed lobes. HFF measured on large free-hand drawn ROIs was higher than HFF measured with smaller ROIs size. This study proves that different sampling methods for quantification of HFF on multiple echo GRE sequence have overall excellent repeatability and ability to appreciate increased HFF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Del Chicca
- Clinic for Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Services, Vetsuisse-Faculty Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Henning Richter
- Clinic for Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Services, Vetsuisse-Faculty Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gian-Luca Steger
- Clinic for Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Services, Vetsuisse-Faculty Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elena Salesov
- Clinic of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse-Faculty Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia E. Reusch
- Clinic of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse-Faculty Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick R. Kircher
- Clinic for Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Services, Vetsuisse-Faculty Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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10
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Steger GL, Salesov E, Richter H, Reusch CE, Kircher PR, Del Chicca F. Evaluation of the changes in hepatic apparent diffusion coefficient and hepatic fat fraction in healthy cats during body weight gain. Am J Vet Res 2020; 81:796-803. [PMID: 32969732 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.81.10.796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the change in mean hepatic apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and hepatic fat fraction (HFF) during body weight gain in cats by use of MRI. ANIMALS 12 purpose-bred adult neutered male cats. PROCEDURES The cats underwent general health and MRI examination at time 0 (before dietary intervention) and time 1 (after 40 weeks of being fed high-energy food ad libitum). Sequences included multiple-echo gradient-recalled echo MRI and diffusion-weighted MRI with 3 b values (0, 400, and 800 s/mm2). Variables (body weight and the HFF and ADC in selected regions of interest in the liver parenchyma) were compared between time points by Wilcoxon paired-sample tests. Relationships among variables were assessed with generalized mixed-effects models. RESULTS Median body weight was 4.5 and 6.5 kg, mean ± SD HFF was 3.39 ± 0.89% and 5.37 ± 1.92%, and mean ± SD hepatic ADC was 1.21 ± 0.08 × 10-3 mm2/s and 1.01 ± 0.2 × 10-3 mm2/s at times 0 and 1, respectively. Significant differences between time points were found for body weight, HFF, and ADC. The HFF was positively associated with body weight and ADC was negatively associated with HFF. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Similar to findings in people, cats had decreasing hepatic ADC as HFF increased. Protons associated with fat tissue in the liver may reduce diffusivity, resulting in a lower ADC than in liver with lower HFF. Longer studies and evaluation of cats with different nutritional states are necessary to further investigate these findings.
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11
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Peng XG, Zhao Z, Chang D, Bai Y, Xu Q, Ju S. Quantification of Fat Concentration and Vascular Response in Brown and White Adipose Tissue of Rats by Spectral CT Imaging. Korean J Radiol 2020; 21:248-256. [PMID: 31997600 PMCID: PMC6992445 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2019.0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of the study was to non-invasively characterize and discriminate brown adipose tissue (BAT) from white adipose tissue (WAT) in rats using spectral computed tomography (CT) with histological validation. Materials and Methods A lipid-containing phantom (lipid fractions from 0% to 100%) was imaged with spectral CT. An in vivo, non-enhanced spectral CT scan was performed on 24 rats, and fat concentrations of BAT and WAT were measured. The rats were randomized to receive intraperitoneal treatment with norepinephrine (NE) (n = 12) or saline (n = 12). Non-enhanced and enhanced spectral CT scans were performed after treatment to measure the elevation of iodine in BAT and WAT. The BAT/aorta and WAT/aorta ratios were calculated and compared, after which isolated BAT and WAT samples were subjected to histological and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) analyses. Results The ex-vivo phantom study showed excellent linear fit between measured fat concentration and the known gravimetric reference standard (r2 = 0.996). In vivo, BAT had significantly lower fat concentration than WAT (p < 0.001). Compared to the saline group, the iodine concentration of BAT increased significantly (p < 0.001) after injection of NE, while the iodine concentration of WAT only changed slightly. The BAT/aorta ratio also increased significantly after exposure to NE compared to the saline group (p < 0.001). Histological and UCP1 expression analyses supported the spectral CT imaging results. Conclusion The study consolidates spectral CT as a new approach for non-invasive imaging of BAT and WAT. Quantitative analyses of BAT and WAT by spectral CT revealed different characteristics and pharmacologic activations in the two types of adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gui Peng
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Di Chang
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingying Bai
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiuzhen Xu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shenghong Ju
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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12
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Chu C, Feng Q, Zhang H, Zhao S, Chen W, He J, Sun L, Zhou Z. Evaluation of salivary gland fat fraction values in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome by mDIXON quant imaging: Initial findings. Eur J Radiol 2019; 123:108776. [PMID: 31864144 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2019.108776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the role of salivary fat fraction (FF) values in evaluating patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). MATERIAL AND METHOD A total of 28 patients with pSS, ten patients with suspected pSS, and 28 volunteers were enrolled. The FF values of the parotid and submandibular glands were generated from mDIXON Quant. A one-way analysis of variance was used to compare the FF values among the groups. A receiver-operating characteristic analysis was applied to assess the diagnostic performance of the parotid and submandibular FF values in distinguishing patients with pSS from non-pSS subjects. In particular, we focused on distinguishing patients with grade 0 pSS from those with suspected pSS. RESULTS The parotid and submandibular mean FF value of patients with pSS was significantly higher than that of healthy volunteers. The submandibular mean FF value of patients with pSS was higher than those suspected ones. Submandibular FF value performed better than parotid FF value in differentiating patients with pSS from those non-pSS subjects (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.927 vs. 0.734), patients with pSS from patients with suspected pSS (AUC = 0.907 vs. 0.725). This value also performed better at distinguishing patients with grade 0 pSS from those patients with suspected pSS (AUC = 0.925 vs. 0.783). CONCLUSIONS The salivary gland FF value, especially the submandibular gland FF value, distinguished patients with pSS from those patients with suspected pSS and healthy volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Qianqian Feng
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Huayong Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Shengnan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Weibo Chen
- Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Jian He
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Department of Rheumatology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Zhengyang Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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Trudel G, Melkus G, Sheikh A, Ramsay T, Laneuville O. Marrow adipose tissue gradient is preserved through high protein diet and bed rest. A randomized crossover study. Bone Rep 2019; 11:100229. [PMID: 31799339 PMCID: PMC6883331 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2019.100229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Marrow adipose tissue (MAT) has a peripheral to central distribution in adults, higher in peripheral bones. Similarly, the spine has a caudal to cephalad MAT distribution, higher in lumbar vertebras. Diet and the level of physical activities are known modulators of MAT with significant impact on bone; however, whether these can modulate the MAT gradient is unknown. OBJECTIVE To measure the effect of high protein diet and bed rest interventions on the lumbar MAT gradient. DESIGN PARTICIPANTS INTERVENTION In a prospective randomized crossover trial, 10 healthy men participated in 2 consecutive campaigns of 21days head-down-tilt-bed-rest (HDTBR). They received either whey protein and potassium bicarbonate-supplemented or control diet separated by a 4-month washout period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Ten serial MRI measures of lumbar vertebral fat fraction (VFF) were performed at baseline, 10days and 20days of HDTBR and 3 and 28days after HDTBR of each bed rest campaign. RESULTS The mean L5-L1 VFF difference of 4.2 ± 1.2 percentage point higher at L5 (p = 0.008) constituted a caudal to cephalad lumbar MAT gradient. High protein diet did not alter the lumbar VFF differences during both HDTBR campaigns (all time points p > 0.05). Similarly, 2 campaigns of 21days of HDTBR did not change the lumbar VFF differences (all time points p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This pilot study established that the lumbar vertebral MAT gradient was not altered by a high protein nor by 2 × 21days bed rest interventions. These findings demonstrated that this lack of mechanical stimulus was not an important modulator of the lumbar MAT gradient. The highly preserved MAT gradient needs to be measured in more situations of health and disease and may potentially serve to detect pathological situations.
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Key Words
- BDC, baseline data collection
- Bed rest study
- DLR, German Aerospace Center
- FOV, field of view
- HDT, head-down tilt
- HDTBR, head-down-tilt-bed-rest
- IOP, in-phase and out-phase imaging
- Lumbar vertebral fat fraction
- MAT, marrow adipose tissue
- MEP, whey protein study
- MR, magnetic resonance
- Magnetic resonance imaging
- Marrow adipose tissue
- PDFF, proton-density fat fraction
- R, recovery
- ROI, region of interest
- TR, repetition time
- VFF, vertebral fat fraction
- Whey protein
- in-phase, echo time 1 (TE1)
- out-phase, echo time 2 (TE2)
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Trudel
- Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gerd Melkus
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adnan Sheikh
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tim Ramsay
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Odette Laneuville
- Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Lu T, Wang Y, Dou T, Xue B, Tan Y, Yang J. Pancreatic fat content is associated with β-cell function and insulin resistance in Chinese type 2 diabetes subjects. Endocr J 2019; 66:265-270. [PMID: 30700664 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej18-0436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Earlier studies reported that increased levels of pancreatic fat may lead to the development of β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. The present study aimed to demonstrate the relationship between pancreatic fat content (PFC) and insulin secretion and insulin resistance in Chinese subjects with T2DM. Seventy-eight T2DM subjects and 35 non-diabetic volunteers were recruited in this study. All subjects were subjected to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). We also measured PFC and liver fat content (LFC) by three-point Dixon method (3p-Dixon), and we examined the relations between PFC and OGTT-derived parameters. T2DM subjects had higher PFC than non-diabetic subjects (p < 0.01). PFC was correlated with body mass index (BMI), liver fat content (LFC) and age in two groups, however, it was only positively associated with insulin secretion, insulin resistance, early- and late-phase insulin secretion in male T2DM subjects, but not in non-diabetic and female T2DM subjects. After adjusting for BMI, LFC and age, the association still existed (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, the relationship was more obvious in male T2DM subjects with a shorter course of disease. PFC was associated with β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance in subjects with T2DM and was more obvious in male T2DM subjects with shorter duration of diabetes. Therefore, PFC might represent a potential risk factor for the development of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Medical School, Southeast University, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Medical School, Southeast University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Dou
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Medical School, Southeast University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bizhen Xue
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Medical School, Southeast University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tan
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Medical School, Southeast University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Medical School, Southeast University, Jiangsu, China
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Wang Q, Ye F, Ma P, Chen F, Che Y, Zhao X, Yang L. Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of hepatic fat content with iron deposition: will it be disturbed? J Int Med Res 2019; 47:1958-1974. [PMID: 30859893 PMCID: PMC6567757 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519836033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore noninvasive assessment of liver fat content with iron deposition using magnetic resonance (MR) quantitative technology. Methods A water–fat phantom with iron deposition containing 63 vials with predetermined fat percentages and iron concentrations was constructed. Thirty-three patients underwent fat quantitative MR examinations. The fat fraction (FF) was determined by three Dixon techniques. Pathological evaluation findings and the steatosis area rate (SAR) were used as the gold standards. Results FFIOP and FFLAVA-Flex significantly differed from FFTEST for iron concentrations of 1 to 30 µg/mL and fat components of 10% to 80%. Using the three Dixon techniques, FFIOP was 15.76% ± 6.98%, FFLAVA-Flex was 16.71% ± 6.77%, and FFIDEAL IQ was 13.18% ± 6.42% in patients without liver cirrhosis; these values in patients with liver cirrhosis were 20.35% ± 6.11%, 20.89% ± 8.49%, and 12.86% ± 4.00%, respectively. The SAR in patients without and with liver cirrhosis was 11.31% ± 5.89% and 9.84% ± 4.17%, respectively. There were significant positive correlations between FFIDEAL IQ and SAR with or without liver cirrhosis. Conclusion Iron deposition must be considered when using quantitative MR techniques to evaluate the hepatic fat content. Compared with the IOP and LAVA-Flex techniques, the IDEAL IQ technique has more stability and accuracy in measurement of the hepatic fat content, free from iron deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- 1 Department of Radiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.,2 Department of Imaging Diagnosis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Ye
- 2 Department of Imaging Diagnosis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peiqing Ma
- 3 Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Chen
- 4 Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqun Che
- 2 Department of Imaging Diagnosis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinming Zhao
- 2 Department of Imaging Diagnosis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Yang
- 1 Department of Radiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
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16
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Wang YC, Feng Y, Lu CQ, Ju S. Renal fat fraction and diffusion tensor imaging in patients with early-stage diabetic nephropathy. Eur Radiol 2018; 28:3326-3334. [PMID: 29450711 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-017-5298-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the renal fat fraction and water molecular diffusion features in patients with early-stage DN using Dixon imaging and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). METHODS Sixty-one type 2 diabetics (normoalbuminuria: n = 40; microalbuminuria: n = 21) and 34 non-diabetic volunteers were included. All participants received three-point Dixon imaging and DTI using a 3.0-T magnetic resonance imager. The fat fraction [FF] and DTI features [fractional anisotropy (FA), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), tract counts and length from DTI tractography] were collected. All image features were compared between cohorts using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc analysis. RESULTS Renal FF in the microalbuminuric group was significantly higher than in the normoalbuminuric and control groups (5.6% ± 1.3%, 4.7% ± 1.1% and 4.3% ± 0.5%, respectively; p < 0.001). Medullary FA in the microalbuminuric group was the lowest (0.31 ± 0.06) in all cohorts. The tract counts and length in the renal medulla were significantly lower in the microalbuminuric group than in the other two groups. CONCLUSIONS Dixon imaging and DTI are able to detect renal lipid deposition and water molecule diffusion abnormalities in patients with early-stage DN. Both techniques have the potential to noninvasively evaluate early renal impairment in type 2 diabetes. KEY POINTS • Dixon imaging demonstrated renal fat deposition in early-stage DN; • Renal fractional anisotropy decreased in patients with early-stage DN; • Renal tractography demonstrated reduced track counts and length in early-stage DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Cheng Wang
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yinglian Feng
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Chun-Qiang Lu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shenghong Ju
- Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Sun J, Xing Z, Chen J, Zha T, Cao Y, Zhang D, Zeng D, Xing W. Fat status detection and histotypes differentiation in solid renal masses using Dixon technique. Clin Imaging 2018; 51:12-22. [PMID: 29414519 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To detect fat status and differentiate histotypes of renal masses by using Dixon technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 134 solid renal masses. Signal intensity index (SII) and fat fraction (FF) in different histotypes were compared. RESULTS Only angiomyolipoma (AML), clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and papillary RCC were confirmed to contain fat. The FF of 16.8% can effectively differentiate AML from clear cell RCC, so did the SII of 9.2% can differentiate clear cell RCC from non-clear cell RCC and rare benign histotypes. CONCLUSION Dixon technique successfully evaluated the fat status and histotypes of renal masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sun
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China
| | - Zhaoyu Xing
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China
| | - Tingting Zha
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China
| | - Yunjie Cao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China
| | - Dachuan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China
| | - Dexing Zeng
- Department of Medicine & Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Wei Xing
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China.
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Soares AF, Lei H. Non-invasive diagnosis and metabolic consequences of congenital portosystemic shunts in C57BL/6 J mice. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2018; 31:e3873. [PMID: 29266459 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the suitability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) for the imaging of congenital portosystemic shunts (PSS) in mice, a vascular abnormality in which mesenteric blood bypasses the liver and is instead drained directly to the systemic circulation. The non-invasive diagnosis performed in tandem with other experimental assessments permits further characterization of liver, whole-body and brain metabolic defects associated with PSS. Magnetic resonance measurements were performed in a 26-cm, horizontal-bore, 14.1-T magnet. MRA was obtained with a three-dimensional gradient echo sequence (GRE; in-plane resolution, 234 × 250 × 234 μm3 ) using a birdcage coil. Two-dimensional GRE MRI with high spatial resolution (in-plane resolution, 100 × 130 μm2 ; slices, 30 × 0.3 mm) was performed using a surface coil. Brain- (dorsal hippocampus) and liver-localized 1 H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was also performed with the surface coil. Whole-body metabolic status was evaluated with an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Both MRA and anatomical MRI allowed the identification of hepatic vessels and the diagnosis of PSS in mice. The incidence of PSS was about 10%. Hepatic lipid content was higher in PSS than in control mice (5.1 ± 2.8% versus 1.8 ± 0.6%, p = 0.02). PSS mice had higher brain glutamine concentration than controls (7.3 ± 1.0 μmol/g versus 2.7 ± 0.6 μmol/g, p < 0.0001) and, conversely, lower myo-inositol (4.2 ± 0.6 μmol/g versus 6.0 ± 0.4 μmol/g, p < 0.0001), taurine (9.7 ± 1.2 μmol/g versus 11.0 ± 0.4 μmol/g, p < 0.01) and total choline (0.9 ± 0.1 μmol/g versus 1.2 ± 0.1 μmol/g, p < 0.001) concentrations. Fasting blood glucose and plasma insulin were lower in PSS than in control mice (4.7 ± 0.5mM versus 8.8 ± 0.6mM, p < 0.0001; and 0.04 ± 0.03 μg/L versus 0.3 ± 0.2 μg/L, p = 0.02, respectively). Glucose clearance during OGTT was delayed and less efficient in PSS mice than in controls. Thus, given the non-negligible incidence of PSS in inbred mice, the undiagnosed presence of PSS will, importantly, have an impact on experimental outcomes, notably in studies addressing brain, liver or whole-body metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Francisca Soares
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging (LIFMET), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hongxia Lei
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland
- University of Geneva, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
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Chemical shift magnetic resonance imaging for distinguishing minimal-fat renal angiomyolipoma from renal cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis. Eur Radiol 2017; 28:1854-1861. [PMID: 29178029 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-017-5141-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the performance of chemical shift signal intensity index (CS-SII) values for distinguishing minimal-fat renal angiomyolipoma (mfAML) from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and to assess RCC subtype characterisation. METHODS We identified eligible studies on CS magnetic resonance imaging (CS-MRI) of focal renal lesions via PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. CS-SII values were extracted by lesion type and evaluated using linear mixed model-based meta-regression. RCC subtypes were analysed. Two-sided p value <0.05 indicated statistical significance. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool. RESULTS Eleven articles involving 850 patients were included. Minimal-fat AML had significantly higher CS-SII value than RCC (p < 0.05); there were no significant differences between mfAML and clear cell RCC (cc-RCC) (p = 0.112). Clear cell RCC had a significantly higher CS-SII value than papillary RCC (p-RCC) (p < 0.001) and chromophobe RCC (ch-RCC) (p = 0.045). The methodological quality was relatively high, and Begg's test data points indicated no obvious publication bias. CONCLUSIONS The CS-SII value for differentiating mfAML from cc-RCC remains unproven, but is a promising method for differentiating cc-RCC from p-RCC and ch-RCC. KEY POINTS • RCC CS-SII values are significantly lower than those of mfAML overall. • CS-SII values cannot aid differentiation between mfAML and cc-RCC. • CS-SII values might help characterise RCC subtypes.
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20
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Coum A, Noury F, Bannier E, Begriche K, Fromenty B, Gandon Y, Saint-Jalmes H, Gambarota G. The effect of water suppression on the hepatic lipid quantification, as assessed by the LCModel, in a preclinical and clinical scenario. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2015; 29:29-37. [PMID: 26590825 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-015-0508-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of water suppression on the hepatic lipid quantification, using the LCModel. MATERIALS AND METHODS MR spectra with and without water suppression were acquired in the liver of mice at 4.7 T and patients at 3 T, and processed with the LCModel. The Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) values of the seven lipid resonances were determined to assess the impact of water suppression on hepatic lipid quantification. A paired t test was used for comparison between the CRLBs obtained with and without water suppression. RESULTS For the preclinical data, in the high (low) fat fraction subset an overall impairment in hepatic lipid quantification, i.e. an increase of CRLBs (no significant change of CRLBs) was observed in spectra acquired with water suppression. For the clinical data, there were no substantial changes in the CRLB with water suppression. Because (1) the water suppression does not overall improve the quantification of the lipid resonances and (2) the MR spectrum without water suppression is always acquired for fat fraction calculation, the optimal data-acquisition strategy for liver MRS is to acquire only the MR spectrum without water suppression. CONCLUSION For quantification of hepatic lipid resonances, it is advantageous to perform MR spectroscopy without water suppression in a clinical and preclinical scenario (at moderate fields).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Coum
- LTSI, Laboratoire du Traitement du Signal et de l'Image, Université de Rennes 1, 35043, Rennes Cedex, France. .,INSERM, UMR 1099, Université de Rennes 1, 35000, Rennes, France.
| | - Fanny Noury
- LTSI, Laboratoire du Traitement du Signal et de l'Image, Université de Rennes 1, 35043, Rennes Cedex, France.,INSERM, UMR 1099, Université de Rennes 1, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Elise Bannier
- Département de Radiologie, CHU de Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France
| | | | | | - Yves Gandon
- Département de Radiologie, CHU de Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Hervé Saint-Jalmes
- LTSI, Laboratoire du Traitement du Signal et de l'Image, Université de Rennes 1, 35043, Rennes Cedex, France.,INSERM, UMR 1099, Université de Rennes 1, 35000, Rennes, France.,CRLCC, Centre Eugène Marquis, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Giulio Gambarota
- LTSI, Laboratoire du Traitement du Signal et de l'Image, Université de Rennes 1, 35043, Rennes Cedex, France.,INSERM, UMR 1099, Université de Rennes 1, 35000, Rennes, France
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Soares AF, Lei H, Gruetter R. Characterization of hepatic fatty acids in mice with reduced liver fat by ultra-short echo time (1)H-MRS at 14.1 T in vivo. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2015; 28:1009-1020. [PMID: 26119835 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in the hepatic lipid content (HLC) and fatty acid composition are associated with disruptions in whole body metabolism, both in humans and in rodent models, and can be non-invasively assessed by (1)H-MRS in vivo. We used (1)H-MRS to characterize the hepatic fatty-acyl chains of healthy mice and to follow changes caused by streptozotocin (STZ) injection. Using STEAM at 14.1 T with an ultra-short TE of 2.8 ms, confounding effects from T2 relaxation and J-coupling were avoided, allowing for accurate estimations of the contribution of unsaturated (UFA), saturated (SFA), mono-unsaturated (MUFA) and poly-unsaturated (PUFA) fatty-acyl chains, number of double bonds, PU bonds and mean chain length. Compared with in vivo (1) H-MRS, high resolution NMR performed in vitro in hepatic lipid extracts reported longer fatty-acyl chains (18 versus 15 carbons) with a lower contribution from UFA (61 ± 1% versus 80 ± 5%) but a higher number of PU bonds per UFA (1.39 ± 0.03 versus 0.58 ± 0.08), driven by the presence of membrane species in the extracts. STZ injection caused a decrease of HLC (from 1.7 ± 0.3% to 0.7 ± 0.1%), an increase in the contribution of SFA (from 21 ± 2% to 45 ± 6%) and a reduction of the mean length (from 15 to 13 carbons) of cytosolic fatty-acyl chains. In addition, SFAs were also likely to have increased in membrane lipids of STZ-induced diabetic mice, along with a decrease of the mean chain length. These studies show the applicability of (1)H-MRS in vivo to monitor changes in the composition of the hepatic fatty-acyl chains in mice even when they exhibit reduced HLC, pointing to the value of this methodology to evaluate lipid-lowering interventions in the scope of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Francisca Soares
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging (LIFMET), École Polytechinque Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hongxia Lei
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Rolf Gruetter
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging (LIFMET), École Polytechinque Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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22
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Choi Y, Lee JM, Yi NJ, Kim H, Park MS, Hong G, Yoo T, Suh SW, Lee HW, Lee KW, Suh KS. Heterogeneous living donor hepatic fat distribution on MRI chemical shift imaging. Ann Surg Treat Res 2015; 89:37-42. [PMID: 26131443 PMCID: PMC4481030 DOI: 10.4174/astr.2015.89.1.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose We evaluated the heterogeneity of steatosis in living donor livers to determine its regional differences. Methods Between June 2011 and February 2012, 81 liver donors were selected. Fat fraction was estimated using magnetic resonance triple-echo chemical shifting gradient imaging in 13 different regions: segment 1 (S1), S2, S3, and each peripheral and deep region of S4, S5, S6, S7, and S8. Results There were differences (range, 3.2%-5.3%) in fat fractions between each peripheral and deep region of S4, S6, S7, and S8 (P < 0.001, P = 0.004, P < 0.001, and P = 0.006). Fat deposit amount in S1, S2, S3 and deep regions of S4-S8 were significantly different from one another (F [4.003, 58.032] = 8.684, P < 0.001), while there were no differences among the peripheral regions of S4-S8 (F [2.9, 5.3] = 1.3, P = 0.272) by repeated measure analysis of variance method. And regional differences of the amount of fat deposit in the whole liver increased as a peripheral fat fraction of S5 increased (R2 = 0.428, P < 0.001). Conclusion Multifocal fat measurements for the whole liver are needed because a small regional evaluation might not represent the remaining liver completely, especially in patients with severe hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- YoungRok Choi
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jeong Min Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam-Joon Yi
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeyoung Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Su Park
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Geun Hong
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Yoo
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk-Won Suh
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Won Lee
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang-Woong Lee
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Suk Suh
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Li XH, Zhu J, Zhang XM, Ji YF, Chen TW, Huang XH, Yang L, Zeng NL. Abdominal MRI at 3.0 T: LAVA-flex compared with conventional fat suppression T1-weighted images. J Magn Reson Imaging 2013; 40:58-66. [PMID: 24222639 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Hui Li
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging; Department of Radiology; Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College; Nanchong China
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging; Department of Radiology; Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College; Nanchong China
| | - Xiao Ming Zhang
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging; Department of Radiology; Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College; Nanchong China
| | - Yi Fan Ji
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging; Department of Radiology; Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College; Nanchong China
| | - Tian Wu Chen
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging; Department of Radiology; Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College; Nanchong China
| | - Xiao Hua Huang
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging; Department of Radiology; Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College; Nanchong China
| | - Lin Yang
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging; Department of Radiology; Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College; Nanchong China
| | - Nan Lin Zeng
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging; Department of Radiology; Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College; Nanchong China
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24
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Peng XG, Bai YY, Fang F, Wang XY, Mao H, Teng GJ, Ju S. Renal lipids and oxygenation in diabetic mice: noninvasive quantification with MR imaging. Radiology 2013; 269:748-57. [PMID: 23901127 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.13122860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the relationship between renal lipid content and intrarenal oxygenation in diabetic nephropathy by using noninvasive chemical shift-selective (CSS) imaging and blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was approved by the institutional Committee on Animal Research. Lipid and water phantoms for CSS imaging were made, and BOLD MR imaging phantoms from arterial and venous blood samples were collected from rats. CSS imaging and BOLD imaging were performed to measure lipid contents and T2* in phantoms and kidneys of diabetic gene (db) db/db mice and wild-type mice after exposure to nitrogen (four per group) and injection of furosemide (four per group). Results of MR imaging-measured lipid contents and oxygen tension were compared with known values in phantoms and reference standard from mice with histologic data. Statistical analysis was performed with independent sample and paired sample t tests and Pearson correlation test. RESULTS Renal lipid content in db/db mice was significantly higher compared with that in control mice (9.40% ± 1.89 and 3.11% ± 0.57, respectively; P < .001). In addition, the lipid content in the cortex of db/db mice was significantly higher than that in medulla (12.73% ± 0.94 and 3.16% ± 0.50, respectively; P < .001). Correlation was significant between T2* measured with BOLD and oxygen tension in blood phantoms (r = 0.958; P < .001). Lower baseline T2* in diabetic kidney suggested lower oxygenation that reserved excess oxygen supply. Lower oxygenation in diabetic kidney cortex was observed after nitrogen exposure and furosemide injection. CONCLUSION Noninvasive CSS imaging and MR imaging of db/db diabetic mice revealed the relationship between the renal lipid content and intrarenal oxygenation in diabetic kidney. Lipid accumulation in diabetic kidney compromises the oxygenation of the renal tissue and made it more susceptible to renal hypoxia. Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Gui Peng
- From the Department of Radiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, 87 Ding Jia Qiao Road, Nanjing 210009, China (X.G.P., Y.Y.B., F.F., X.Y.W., G.J.T., S.J.); and Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga (H.M.)
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25
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Peng XG, Bai YY, Fang F, Wang XY, Mao H, Teng GJ, Ju S. Renal Lipids and Oxygenation in Diabetic Mice: Noninvasive Quantification with MR Imaging. Radiology 2013. [DOI: 10.1148/radiology.13122860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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26
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Ye Q, Danzer CF, Fuchs A, Vats D, Wolfrum C, Rudin M. Longitudinal evaluation of hepatic lipid deposition and composition in ob/ob and ob/+ control mice. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2013; 26:1079-1088. [PMID: 23355481 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.2921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with insulin resistance (IR) and hepatosteatosis. Understanding the link between IR and hepatosteatosis could be relevant to chronic clinical outcomes. The objective of this study was to quantitatively assess lipid deposition (fractional lipid mass, fLM) and composition (fraction of polyunsaturated lipids, fPUL and mean chain length, MCL) in livers of ob/ob mice, a genetic model of obesity and mild diabetes, and ob/+ heterozygous control animals in a noninvasive manner using (1) H-MRS at 9.4T. For accurate quantification, intensity values were corrected for differences in T2 values while T1 effects were considered minimal due to the long TR values used. Values of fLM, fPUL and MCL were derived from T2 -corrected signal intensities of lipids and water resonance. Hepatic lipid signals were compared with fasted plasma insulin, glucose and lipid levels. Statistically significant correlations between fPUL and fasting plasma insulin/glucose levels were found in adolescent ob/ob mice. A similar correlation was found between fLM and fasting plasma insulin levels; however, the correlation between fLM and fasting plasma glucose levels was less obvious in adolescent ob/ob mice. These correlations were lost in adult ob/ob mice. The study showed that in adolescent ob/ob mice, there was an obvious link between lipid deposition/composition in the liver and plasma insulin/glucose levels. This correlation was lost in adult animals, probably due to the limited lipid storage capacity of the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Ye
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zürich and University of Zürich, Switzerland
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27
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Dollet L, Magré J, Cariou B, Prieur X. Function of seipin: new insights from Bscl2/seipin knockout mouse models. Biochimie 2013; 96:166-72. [PMID: 23831461 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in BSCL2/seipin cause Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy (BSCL), a rare recessive disorder characterized by near absence of adipose tissue and severe insulin resistance. Since the discovery of the gene in 2001, several cellular studies intended to unravel the biological function of seipin and revealed that seipin-deficiency alters adipocyte differentiation and lipid droplet morphology. However, the exact function of the protein remains unclear and the pathophysiology of BSCL in patients carrying BSCL2/seipin mutations is poorly understood. A major breakthrough in the field of seipin came recently, with the demonstration by three independent groups that Bscl2-deficient mice (Bscl2(-/-)) developed severe lipodystrophy with only residual white and brown fat pads, validating a critical role for seipin in adipose tissue homeostasis. Using in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro methods, these studies demonstrate that seipin plays a key role in adipogenesis, lipid droplet homeostasis and cellular triglyceride lipolysis. In addition to adipose tissue impairment, Bscl2(-/-) mice are diabetic and display severe hepatic steatosis. Treatment with thiazolidinediones (TZD) in Bscl2(-/-) mice increases adipose tissue mass and partially rescues the metabolic complications associated with BSCL, highlighting that lipoatrophy is the major cause of the BSCL phenotype. Except an unexpected hypotriglyceridemia, Bscl2(-/-) mice phenotype represents an almost perfect picture of the human disease. This review analyses how these studies using Bscl2(-/-) mice brought new insights into seipin function and the mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of BSCL. We also analyse some of the human data in the light of the mouse phenotyping and discuss the validity of Bscl2(-/-) mice model to test pharmaceutical approaches for treating BSCL and its associated metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Dollet
- INSERM UMR 1087, IRS-UN, 8 quai Moncousu, BP 70721, 44007 Nantes Cedex 1, France
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Ramamonjisoa N, Ratiney H, Mutel E, Guillou H, Mithieux G, Pilleul F, Rajas F, Beuf O, Cavassila S. In vivo hepatic lipid quantification using MRS at 7 Tesla in a mouse model of glycogen storage disease type 1a. J Lipid Res 2013; 54:2010-22. [PMID: 23596325 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d033399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The assessment of liver lipid content and composition is needed in preclinical research to investigate steatosis and steatosis-related disorders. The purpose of this study was to quantify in vivo hepatic fatty acid content and composition using a method based on short echo time proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) at 7 Tesla. A mouse model of glycogen storage disease type 1a with inducible liver-specific deletion of the glucose-6-phosphatase gene (L-G6pc(-/-)) mice and control mice were fed a standard diet or a high-fat/high-sucrose (HF/HS) diet for 9 months. In control mice, hepatic lipid content was found significantly higher with the HF/HS diet than with the standard diet. As expected, hepatic lipid content was already elevated in L-G6pc(-/-) mice fed a standard diet compared with control mice. L-G6pc(-/-) mice rapidly developed steatosis which was not modified by the HF/HS diet. On the standard diet, estimated amplitudes from olefinic protons were found significantly higher in L-G6pc(-/-) mice compared with that in control mice. L-G6pc(-/-) mice showed no noticeable polyunsaturation from diallylic protons. Total unsaturated fatty acid indexes measured by gas chromatography were in agreement with MRS measurements. These results showed the great potential of high magnetic field MRS to follow the diet impact and lipid alterations in mouse liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirilanto Ramamonjisoa
- Université de Lyon, CREATIS, CNRS UMR 5220, Inserm U1044, INSA-Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
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29
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Peng XG, Ju S, Fang F, Wang Y, Fang K, Cui X, Liu G, Li P, Mao H, Teng GJ. Comparison of brown and white adipose tissue fat fractions in ob, seipin, and Fsp27 gene knockout mice by chemical shift-selective imaging and (1)H-MR spectroscopy. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2013; 304:E160-7. [PMID: 23149622 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00401.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a key role in thermogenesis to protect the body from cold and obesity. White adipose tissue (WAT) stores excess energy in the form of triglycerides. To better understand the genetic effect on regulation of WAT and BAT, we investigated the fat fraction (FF) in two types of adipose tissues in ob/ob, human BSCL2/seipin gene knockout (SKO), Fsp27 gene knockout (Fsp27(-/-)), and wild-type (WT) mice in vivo using chemical shift selective imaging and (1)H-MR spectroscopy. We reported that the visceral fat volume in WAT was significantly larger in ob/ob mice, but visceral fat volumes were lower in SKO and Fsp27(-/-) mice compared with WT mice. BAT FF was significantly higher in ob/ob mice than the WT group and similar to that of WAT. In contrast, WAT FFs in SKO and Fsp27(-/-) mice were lower and similar to that of BAT. The adipocyte size of WAT in ob/ob mice and the BAT adipocyte size in ob/ob, SKO, and Fsp27 mice were significantly larger compared with WT mice. However, the WAT adipocyte size was significantly smaller in SKO mice than in WT mice. Positive correlations were observed between the adipocyte size and FFs of WAT and BAT. These results suggested that smaller adipocyte size correlates with lower FFs of WAT and BAT. In addition, the differences in FFs in WAT and BAT measured by MR methods in different mouse models were related to the different regulation effects of ob, seipin, or Fsp27 gene on developing WAT and BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Gui Peng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Pang Y, Yu B, Zhang X. Hepatic fat assessment using advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2012; 2:213-8. [PMID: 23256082 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-4292.2012.08.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Pang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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