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Wang L, Zhang W, Fang Z, Lu T, Gu Z, Sun T, Han D, Wang Y, Cao F. Association between Human Blood Proteome and the Risk of Myocardial Infarction. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2024; 25:199. [PMID: 39076342 PMCID: PMC11270110 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2506199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of this study is to estimate the causal relationship between plasma proteins and myocardial infarction (MI) through Mendelian randomization (MR), predict potential target-mediated side effects associated with protein interventions, and ensure a comprehensive assessment of clinical safety. Methods From 3 proteome genome-wide association studies (GWASs) involving 9775 European participants, 331 unique blood proteins were screened and chosed. The summary data related to MI were derived from a GWAS meta-analysis, incorporating approximately 61,000 cases and 577,000 controls. The assessment of associations between blood proteins and MI was conducted through MR analyses. A phenome-wide MR (Phe-MR) analysis was subsequently employed to determine the potential on-target side effects of protein interventions. Results Causal mediators for MI were identified, encompassing cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) (odds ratio [OR] per SD increase: 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-1.18; p = 1.29 × 10 - 31 ), Selenoprotein S (SELENOS) (OR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.13-1.20; p = 4.73 × 10 - 24 ), killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DS2 (KIR2DS2) (OR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.90-0.96; p = 1.08 × 10 - 5 ), vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29 (VPS29) (OR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.90-0.94; p = 8.05 × 10 - 13 ), and histo-blood group ABO system transferase (NAGAT) (OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.03-1.07; p = 1.41 × 10 - 5 ). In the Phe-MR analysis, memory loss risk was mediated by CT-1, VPS29 exhibited favorable effects on the risk of 5 diseases, and KIR2DS2 showed no predicted detrimental side effects. Conclusions Elevated genetic predictions of KIR2DS2 and VPS29 appear to be linked to a reduced risk of MI, whereas an increased risk is associated with CT-1, SELENOS, and NAGAT. The characterization of side effect profiles aids in the prioritization of drug targets. Notably, KIR2DS2 emerges as a potentially promising target for preventing and treating MI, devoid of predicted detrimental side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghuan Wang
- Department of Medicine School, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
- Department of Cardiology, National Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases & National Key Lab for Chronic Kidney Disease & Second Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853 Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Medicine School, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
- Department of Cardiology, National Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases & National Key Lab for Chronic Kidney Disease & Second Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853 Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyi Fang
- Department of Medicine School, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
- Department of Cardiology, National Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases & National Key Lab for Chronic Kidney Disease & Second Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853 Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Lu
- Department of Medicine School, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
- Department of Cardiology, National Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases & National Key Lab for Chronic Kidney Disease & Second Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853 Beijing, China
| | - Zhenghui Gu
- Chinese PLA Medical College & Department of Cardiology, National Clinic Research Center Geriatric Disease, 2nd Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853 Beijing, China
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Cardiology, National Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases & National Key Lab for Chronic Kidney Disease & Second Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853 Beijing, China
| | - Dong Han
- Department of Cardiology, National Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases & National Key Lab for Chronic Kidney Disease & Second Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853 Beijing, China
| | - Yabin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, National Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases & National Key Lab for Chronic Kidney Disease & Second Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853 Beijing, China
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of Medicine School, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
- Department of Cardiology, National Research Centre for Geriatric Diseases & National Key Lab for Chronic Kidney Disease & Second Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853 Beijing, China
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Quesada-Vázquez S, Castells-Nobau A, Latorre J, Oliveras-Cañellas N, Puig-Parnau I, Tejera N, Tobajas Y, Baudin J, Hildebrand F, Beraza N, Burcelin R, Martinez-Gili L, Chilloux J, Dumas ME, Federici M, Hoyles L, Caimari A, Del Bas JM, Escoté X, Fernández-Real JM, Mayneris-Perxachs J. Potential therapeutic implications of histidine catabolism by the gut microbiota in NAFLD patients with morbid obesity. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101341. [PMID: 38118419 PMCID: PMC10772641 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota contributes to the pathophysiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Histidine is a key energy source for the microbiota, scavenging it from the host. Its role in NAFLD is poorly known. Plasma metabolomics, liver transcriptomics, and fecal metagenomics were performed in three human cohorts coupled with hepatocyte, rodent, and Drosophila models. Machine learning analyses identified plasma histidine as being strongly inversely associated with steatosis and linked to a hepatic transcriptomic signature involved in insulin signaling, inflammation, and trace amine-associated receptor 1. Circulating histidine was inversely associated with Proteobacteria and positively with bacteria lacking the histidine utilization (Hut) system. Histidine supplementation improved NAFLD in different animal models (diet-induced NAFLD in mouse and flies, ob/ob mouse, and ovariectomized rats) and reduced de novo lipogenesis. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from low-histidine donors and mono-colonization of germ-free flies with Enterobacter cloacae increased triglyceride accumulation and reduced histidine content. The interplay among microbiota, histidine catabolism, and NAFLD opens therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Castells-Nobau
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain; Nutrition, Eumetabolism, and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jèssica Latorre
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain
| | - Núria Oliveras-Cañellas
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain; Nutrition, Eumetabolism, and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Puig-Parnau
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain; Nutrition, Eumetabolism, and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noemi Tejera
- Microbes in the Food Chain, Institute Strategic Program, Microbes and Gut Health, Institute Strategic Program - Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Yaiza Tobajas
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain
| | - Julio Baudin
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain
| | - Falk Hildebrand
- Microbes in the Food Chain, Institute Strategic Program, Microbes and Gut Health, Institute Strategic Program - Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK; Digital Biology, Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UZ, UK
| | - Naiara Beraza
- Microbes in the Food Chain, Institute Strategic Program, Microbes and Gut Health, Institute Strategic Program - Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Rémy Burcelin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France; Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR), Toulouse, France; Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Team 2: 'Intestinal Risk Factors, Diabetes, Dyslipidemia, and Heart Failure', F-31432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Laura Martinez-Gili
- Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Julien Chilloux
- Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Marc-Emmanuel Dumas
- Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; Section of Genomic and Environmental Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK; European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, CNRS UMR 8199, INSERM UMR 1283, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, University of Lille, 59045 Lille, France; McGill Genome Centre, McGill University, 740 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montréal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Massimo Federici
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Lesley Hoyles
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Antoni Caimari
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain
| | - Josep M Del Bas
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain
| | - Xavier Escoté
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Unitat de Nutrició i Salut, Reus, Spain.
| | - José-Manuel Fernández-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain; Nutrition, Eumetabolism, and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain; Nutrition, Eumetabolism, and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Liao YC, Wu JS, Chou HW, Kuo HY, Lee CT, Wu HT, Li CH, Ou HY. Serum Cardiotrophin-1 Concentration Is Negatively Associated with Controlled Attenuation Parameters in Subjects with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12072741. [PMID: 37048824 PMCID: PMC10095180 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Since non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is highly associated with obesity, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes, biomarkers for the diagnosis of NAFLD have become an important issue. Although cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) has a protective effect on the liver in NAFLD animal models, the serum levels of CT-1 in human subjects with NAFLD were still unknown. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the circulating concentration of CT-1 and the severity of hepatic steatosis graded by the value of the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) in humans. Design and Methods: The study was designed as a cross-sectional study, and a total of 182 subjects were enrolled. Hepatic steatosis measurement was carried out with a Firoscan® device and recorded by CAP. The enrolled study subjects were categorized into CAP < 238 dB/m, 238 ≤ CAP ≤ 259 dB/m, 260 ≤ CAP ≤ 290 dB/m, and CAP > 290 dB/m. Serum CT-1 concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The association between the serum CT-1 concentration and NAFLD was examined by multivariate linear regression analysis. Results: Body mass index, percentage of body fat, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), cholesterol, triglyceride, hemoglobin A1c and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were significantly increased in groups with higher CAP value, whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly decreased. In addition, serum CT-1 concentrations were significantly decreased in subjects with higher CAP values. In multivariate linear regression models, including age, sex, body fat percentage, CAP, high sensitivity- C reactive protein, uric acid, creatinine, ALT, total cholesterol, and HOMA-IR, only age, CAP and uric acid independently associated with CT-1 levels. Moreover, having NAFLD was independently associated with CT-1 after adjustment for sex, obesity and type 2 diabetes. Conclusions: Serum CT-1 concentrations are decreased in subjects with NAFLD and negatively associated with CAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chun Liao
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Juei-Seng Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 703, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Wen Chou
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 703, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Kuo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 703, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Te Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 703, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Tsung Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hao Li
- Department of Family Medicine, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan 709, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Yih Ou
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 703, Taiwan
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4
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Abstract
Oncostatin M (OSM) is a member of the glycoprotein 130 cytokine family that is involved in chronic inflammation and increased in adipose tissue under obesity and insulin resistance. OSM was shown to inhibit adipogenesis, suppress browning, and contribute to insulin resistance in cultured white adipocytes. In contrast, OSM may have a metabolically favourable role on adipocytes in mouse models of obesity and insulin resistance. However, a putative role of OSM in modulating lipolysis has not been investigated in detail to date. To address this, cultured white adipocytes of mouse or human origin were exposed to 10 or 100 ng/ml of OSM for various time periods. In murine 3T3-L1 cells, OSM stimulation directly activated hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and other players of the lipolytic machinery, and dose-dependently increased free fatty acid and glycerol release. In parallel, OSM attenuated insulin-mediated suppression of lipolysis and induced phosphorylation of serine-residues on the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS1) protein. Key experiments were verified in a second murine and a human adipocyte cell line. Inhibiton of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-1/2 activation, abolished OSM-mediated HSL phosphorylation and lipolysis. In conclusion, OSM signalling directly promotes lipolysis in white adipocytes in an ERK1/2-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pim P. van Krieken
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Children’s Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julian Roos
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Stephan Wueest
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Children’s Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Konrad
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Children’s Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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5
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Martínez-Gayo A, Félix-Soriano E, Sáinz N, González-Muniesa P, Moreno-Aliaga MJ. Changes Induced by Aging and Long-Term Exercise and/or DHA Supplementation in Muscle of Obese Female Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204240. [PMID: 36296923 PMCID: PMC9610919 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and aging promote chronic low-grade systemic inflammation. The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of long-term physical exercise and/or omega-3 fatty acid Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation on genes or proteins related to muscle metabolism, inflammation, muscle damage/regeneration and myokine expression in aged and obese mice. Two-month-old C57BL/6J female mice received a control or a high-fat diet for 4 months. Then, the diet-induced obese (DIO) mice were distributed into four groups: DIO, DIO + DHA, DIO + EX (treadmill training) and DIO + DHA + EX up to 18 months. Mice fed a control diet were sacrificed at 2, 6 and 18 months. Aging increased the mRNA expression of Tnf-α and decreased the expression of genes related to glucose uptake (Glut1, Glut4), muscle atrophy (Murf1, Atrogin-1, Cas-9) and myokines (Metrnl, Il-6). In aged DIO mice, exercise restored several of these changes. It increased the expression of genes related to glucose uptake (Glut1, Glut4), fatty acid oxidation (Cpt1b, Acox), myokine expression (Fndc5, Il-6) and protein turnover, decreased Tnf-α expression and increased p-AKT/AKT ratio. No additional effects were observed when combining exercise and DHA. These data suggest the effectiveness of long-term training to prevent the deleterious effects of aging and obesity on muscle dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Martínez-Gayo
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elisa Félix-Soriano
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Neira Sáinz
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pedro González-Muniesa
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- IdISNA–Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.G.-M.); (M.J.M.-A.)
| | - María J. Moreno-Aliaga
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- IdISNA–Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.G.-M.); (M.J.M.-A.)
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6
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Quesada-Vázquez S, Colom-Pellicer M, Navarro-Masip È, Aragonès G, Del Bas JM, Caimari A, Escoté X. Supplementation with a Specific Combination of Metabolic Cofactors Ameliorates Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Hepatic Fibrosis, and Insulin Resistance in Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:3532. [PMID: 34684533 PMCID: PMC8541294 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have emerged as the leading causes of chronic liver disease in the world. Obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia are multifactorial risk factors strongly associated with NAFLD/NASH. Here, a specific combination of metabolic cofactors (a multi-ingredient; MI) containing precursors of glutathione (GSH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) (betaine, N-acetyl-cysteine, L-carnitine and nicotinamide riboside) was evaluated as effective treatment for the NAFLD/NASH pathophysiology. Six-week-old male mice were randomly divided into control diet animals and animals exposed to a high fat and high fructose/sucrose diet to induce NAFLD. After 16 weeks, diet-induced NAFLD mice were distributed into two groups, treated with the vehicle (HFHFr group) or with a combination of metabolic cofactors (MI group) for 4 additional weeks, and blood and liver were obtained from all animals for biochemical, histological, and molecular analysis. The MI treatment reduced liver steatosis, decreasing liver weight and hepatic lipid content, and liver injury, as evidenced by a pronounced decrease in serum levels of liver transaminases. Moreover, animals supplemented with the MI cocktail showed a reduction in the gene expression of some proinflammatory cytokines when compared with their HFHFr counterparts. In addition, MI supplementation was effective in decreasing hepatic fibrosis and improving insulin sensitivity, as observed by histological analysis, as well as a reduction in fibrotic gene expression (Col1α1) and improved Akt activation, respectively. Taken together, supplementation with this specific combination of metabolic cofactors ameliorates several features of NAFLD, highlighting this treatment as a potential efficient therapy against this disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Quesada-Vázquez
- Eurecat, Technology Centre of Catalunya, Nutrition and Health Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain; (S.Q.-V.); (J.M.D.B.)
| | - Marina Colom-Pellicer
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (M.C.-P.); (È.N.-M.); (G.A.)
| | - Èlia Navarro-Masip
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (M.C.-P.); (È.N.-M.); (G.A.)
| | - Gerard Aragonès
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (M.C.-P.); (È.N.-M.); (G.A.)
| | - Josep M. Del Bas
- Eurecat, Technology Centre of Catalunya, Nutrition and Health Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain; (S.Q.-V.); (J.M.D.B.)
| | - Antoni Caimari
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Biotechnology Area, 43204 Reus, Spain;
| | - Xavier Escoté
- Eurecat, Technology Centre of Catalunya, Nutrition and Health Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain; (S.Q.-V.); (J.M.D.B.)
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7
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Effects of Long-Term DHA Supplementation and Physical Exercise on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Development in Obese Aged Female Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020501. [PMID: 33546405 PMCID: PMC7913512 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and aging are associated to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) development. Here, we investigate whether long-term feeding with a docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-enriched diet and aerobic exercise, alone or in combination, are effective in ameliorating NAFLD in aged obese mice. Two-month-old female C57BL/6J mice received control or high fat diet (HFD) for 4 months. Then, the diet-induced obese (DIO) mice were distributed into four groups: DIO, DIO + DHA (15% dietary lipids replaced by a DHA-rich concentrate), DIO + EX (treadmill running), and DIO + DHA + EX up to 18 months. The DHA-rich diet reduced liver steatosis in DIO mice, decreasing lipogenic genes (Dgat2, Scd1, Srebp1c), and upregulated lipid catabolism genes (Hsl/Acox) expression. A similar pattern was observed in the DIO + EX group. The combination of DHA + exercise potentiated an increase in Cpt1a and Ppara genes, and AMPK activation, key regulators of fatty acid oxidation. Exercise, alone or in combination with DHA, significantly reversed the induction of proinflammatory genes (Mcp1, Il6, Tnfα, Tlr4) in DIO mice. DHA supplementation was effective in preventing the alterations induced by the HFD in endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes (Ern1/Xbp1) and autophagy markers (LC3II/I ratio, p62, Atg7). In summary, long-term DHA supplementation and/or exercise could be helpful to delay NAFLD progression during aging in obesity.
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8
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Carneros D, Medina-Gómez G, Giralt M, León-Camacho M, Campbell M, Moreno-Aliaga MJ, Villarroya F, Bustos M. Cardiotrophin-1 contributes to metabolic adaptations through the regulation of lipid metabolism and to the fasting-induced fatty acid mobilization. FASEB J 2020; 34:15875-15887. [PMID: 33047392 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000109r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
It is becoming clear that several human pathologies are caused by altered metabolic adaptations. During liver development, there are physiological changes, from the predominant utilization of glucose (fetal life) to the use of lipids (postnatal life). Fasting is another physiological stress that elicits well-known metabolic adjustments. We have reported the metabolic properties of cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), a member of the interleukin-6 family of cytokines. Here, we aimed at analyzing the role of CT-1 in response to these metabolic changes. We used different in vivo models. Furthermore, a differential study was carried out with wild-type and CT-1 null mice in fed (ad libitum) and food-restricted conditions. We demonstrated that Ct-1 is a metabolic gene induced in the liver via PPARα in response to lipids in mice (neonates- and food-restricted adults). We found that Ct-1 mRNA expression in white adipose tissue directly involved PPARα and PPARγ. Finally, the physiological role of CT-1 in fasting is confirmed by the impaired food restriction-induced adipose tissue lipid mobilization in CT-1 null mice. Our findings support a previously unrecognized physiological role of CT-1 in metabolic adaptations, through the regulation of lipid metabolism and contributes to fasting-induced free fatty acid mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Carneros
- Area of Liver, Digestive and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), University of Seville, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Gema Medina-Gómez
- Department of Basic Sciences of Health, Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Giralt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Barcelona University, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel León-Camacho
- Department of Lipid Characterization and Quality, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - Mark Campbell
- MRC MDU, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maria J Moreno-Aliaga
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Nutrition Research and Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Navarra's Health Research Institute (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francesc Villarroya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Barcelona University, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Matilde Bustos
- Area of Liver, Digestive and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), University of Seville, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain
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9
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Ma D, Wang Y, Zhou G, Wang Y, Li X. Review: the Roles and Mechanisms of Glycoprotein 130 Cytokines in the Regulation of Adipocyte Biological Function. Inflammation 2019; 42:790-798. [PMID: 30661143 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-00959-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation is now widely accepted as one of the most important contributors to metabolic disorders. Glycoprotein 130 (gp130) cytokines are involved in the regulation of metabolic activity. Studies have shown that several gp130 cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), oncostatin M (OSM), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), and cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), have divergent effects on adipogenesis, lipolysis, and insulin sensitivity as well as food intake. In this review, we will summarize the present knowledge about gp130 cytokines, including IL-6, LIF, CNTF, CT-1, and OSM, in adipocyte biology and metabolic activities in conditions such as obesity, cachexia, and type 2 diabetes. It is valuable to explore the diverse actions of these gp130 cytokines on the regulation of the biological functions of adipocytes, which will provide potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of obesity and cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dufang Ma
- Cardiology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Cardiology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guofeng Zhou
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yongcheng Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Cardiology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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10
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Adipose Tissue-Derived Signatures for Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: Adipokines, Batokines and MicroRNAs. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8060854. [PMID: 31208019 PMCID: PMC6617388 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8060854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
: Obesity is one of the main risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is closely related to metabolic disturbances in the adipose tissue that primarily functions as a fat reservoir. For this reason, adipose tissue is considered as the primary site for initiation and aggravation of obesity and T2DM. As a key endocrine organ, the adipose tissue communicates with other organs, such as the brain, liver, muscle, and pancreas, for the maintenance of energy homeostasis. Two different types of adipose tissues-the white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT)-secrete bioactive peptides and proteins, known as "adipokines" and "batokines," respectively. Some of them have beneficial anti-inflammatory effects, while others have harmful inflammatory effects. Recently, "exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs)" were identified as novel adipokines, as adipose tissue-derived exosomal miRNAs can affect other organs. In the present review, we discuss the role of adipose-derived secretory factors-adipokines, batokines, and exosomal miRNA-in obesity and T2DM. It will provide new insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in disturbances of adipose-derived factors and will support the development of adipose-derived factors as potential therapeutic targets for obesity and T2DM.
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11
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Braun K, Oeckl J, Westermeier J, Li Y, Klingenspor M. Non-adrenergic control of lipolysis and thermogenesis in adipose tissues. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [PMID: 29514884 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.165381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The enormous plasticity of adipose tissues, to rapidly adapt to altered physiological states of energy demand, is under neuronal and endocrine control. In energy balance, lipolysis of triacylglycerols and re-esterification of free fatty acids are opposing processes operating in parallel at identical rates, thus allowing a more dynamic transition from anabolism to catabolism, and vice versa. In response to alterations in the state of energy balance, one of the two processes predominates, enabling the efficient mobilization or storage of energy in a negative or positive energy balance, respectively. The release of noradrenaline from the sympathetic nervous system activates lipolysis in a depot-specific manner by initiating the canonical adrenergic receptor-Gs-protein-adenylyl cyclase-cyclic adenosine monophosphate-protein kinase A pathway, targeting proteins of the lipolytic machinery associated with the interface of the lipid droplets. In brown and brite adipocytes, lipolysis stimulated by this signaling pathway is a prerequisite for the activation of non-shivering thermogenesis. Free fatty acids released by lipolysis are direct activators of uncoupling protein 1-mediated leak respiration. Thus, pro- and anti-lipolytic mediators are bona fide modulators of thermogenesis in brown and brite adipocytes. In this Review, we discuss adrenergic and non-adrenergic mechanisms controlling lipolysis and thermogenesis and provide a comprehensive overview of pro- and anti-lipolytic mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Braun
- Chair of Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, D-85354 Freising, Germany.,EKFZ - Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, D-85354 Freising, Germany.,ZIEL - Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Josef Oeckl
- Chair of Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, D-85354 Freising, Germany.,EKFZ - Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, D-85354 Freising, Germany.,ZIEL - Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Julia Westermeier
- Chair of Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, D-85354 Freising, Germany.,EKFZ - Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Yongguo Li
- Chair of Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, D-85354 Freising, Germany.,EKFZ - Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Martin Klingenspor
- Chair of Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, D-85354 Freising, Germany .,EKFZ - Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, D-85354 Freising, Germany.,ZIEL - Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 2, D-85354 Freising, Germany
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12
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Laiglesia LM, Lorente-Cebrián S, López-Yoldi M, Lanas R, Sáinz N, Martínez JA, Moreno-Aliaga MJ. Maresin 1 inhibits TNF-alpha-induced lipolysis and autophagy in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2238-2246. [PMID: 28703289 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), which promotes inflammation in adipose tissue. The omega-3 PUFAs, and their derived lipid mediators, such as Maresin 1 (MaR1) have anti-inflammatory effects on adipose tissue. This study aimed to analyze if MaR1 may counteract alterations induced by TNF-α on lipolysis and autophagy in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Our data revealed that MaR1 (1-100 nM) inhibited the TNF-α-induced glycerol release after 48 hr, which may be related to MaR1 ability of preventing the decrease in lipid droplet-coating protein perilipin and G0/G1 Switch 2 protein expression. MaR1 also reversed the decrease in total hormone sensitive lipase (total HSL), and the ratio of phosphoHSL at Ser-565/total HSL, while preventing the increased ratio of phosphoHSL at Ser-660/total HSL and phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 induced by TNF-α. Moreover, MaR1 counteracted the cytokine-induced decrease of p62 protein, a key autophagy indicator, and also prevented the induction of LC3II/LC3I, an important autophagosome formation marker. Current data suggest that MaR1 may ameliorate TNF-α-induced alterations on lipolysis and autophagy in adipocytes. This may also contribute to the beneficial actions of MaR1 on adipose tissue and insulin sensitivity in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Laiglesia
- Department Nutrition Food Science Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Silvia Lorente-Cebrián
- Department Nutrition Food Science Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miguel López-Yoldi
- Department Nutrition Food Science Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Raquel Lanas
- Department Nutrition Food Science Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Neira Sáinz
- Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jose Alfredo Martínez
- Department Nutrition Food Science Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria J Moreno-Aliaga
- Department Nutrition Food Science Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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13
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Escoté X, Gómez-Zorita S, López-Yoldi M, Milton-Laskibar I, Fernández-Quintela A, Martínez JA, Moreno-Aliaga MJ, Portillo MP. Role of Omentin, Vaspin, Cardiotrophin-1, TWEAK and NOV/CCN3 in Obesity and Diabetes Development. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081770. [PMID: 28809783 PMCID: PMC5578159 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue releases bioactive mediators called adipokines. This review focuses on the effects of omentin, vaspin, cardiotrophin-1, Tumor necrosis factor-like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis (TWEAK) and nephroblastoma overexpressed (NOV/CCN3) on obesity and diabetes. Omentin is produced by the stromal-vascular fraction of visceral adipose tissue. Obesity reduces omentin serum concentrations and adipose tissue secretion in adults and adolescents. This adipokine regulates insulin sensitivity, but its clinical relevance has to be confirmed. Vaspin is produced by visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues. Vaspin levels are higher in obese subjects, as well as in subjects showing insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes. Cardiotrophin-1 is an adipokine with a similar structure as cytokines from interleukin-6 family. There is some controversy regarding the regulation of cardiotrophin-1 levels in obese -subjects, but gene expression levels of cardiotrophin-1 are down-regulated in white adipose tissue from diet-induced obese mice. It also shows anti-obesity and hypoglycemic properties. TWEAK is a potential regulator of the low-grade chronic inflammation characteristic of obesity. TWEAK levels seem not to be directly related to adiposity, and metabolic factors play a critical role in its regulation. Finally, a strong correlation has been found between plasma NOV/CCN3 concentration and fat mass. This adipokine improves insulin actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Escoté
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Saioa Gómez-Zorita
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
| | - Miguel López-Yoldi
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Iñaki Milton-Laskibar
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
| | - Alfredo Fernández-Quintela
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNa), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - María J Moreno-Aliaga
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNa), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - María P Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
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14
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López-Yoldi M, Marcos-Gomez B, Romero-Lozano MA, Sáinz N, Prieto J, Martínez JA, Bustos M, Moreno-Aliaga MJ. Cardiotrophin-1 Regulates Adipokine Production in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes and Adipose Tissue From Obese Mice. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:2469-2477. [PMID: 27608275 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) belongs to the IL-6 family of cytokines. Previous studies of our group revealed that CT-1 is a key regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism. The aim of the present study was to analyze the in vitro and in vivo effects of CT-1 on the production of several adipokines involved in body weight regulation, nutrient metabolism, and inflammation. For this purpose, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were incubated with recombinant protein CT-1 (rCT-1) (1-40 ng/ml) for 1 and 18 h. Moreover, the acute effects of rCT-1 administration (0.2 mg/kg, i.v.) for 30 min and 3 h on adipokines levels were also evaluated in high-fat fed obese mice. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, rCT-1 treatment downregulated the expression and secretion of leptin, resistin, and visfatin. However, rCT-1 significantly stimulated apelin mRNA and secretion. rCT-1 (18 h) also promoted the activation by phosphorylation of AKT, ERK 1/2, and STAT3. Interestingly, pre-treatment with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 reversed the stimulatory effects of rCT-1 on apelin expression, suggesting that this pathway could be mediating the effects of rCT-1 on apelin production. In contrast, acute administration of rCT-1 (30 min and 3 h) to diet-induced obese mice downregulated leptin and resistin, without significantly modifying apelin or visfatin mRNA in adipose tissue. Furthermore, CT-1 null mice exhibited altered expression of adipokines in adipose tissue. The present study demonstrates that rCT-1 modulates the production of adipokines in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that the regulation of the secretory function of adipocytes could be involved in the metabolic actions of this cytokine. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 2469-2477, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel López-Yoldi
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Beatriz Marcos-Gomez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | | | - Neira Sáinz
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Jesús Prieto
- Department of Hepatology and Gene Therapy, CIMA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,CIBERehd, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Alfredo Martínez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,CIBERobn, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra's Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Matilde Bustos
- Department of Hepatology and Gene Therapy, CIMA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Maria J Moreno-Aliaga
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,CIBERobn, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra's Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain
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15
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López-Yoldi M, Castilla-Madrigal R, Lostao MP, Barber A, Prieto J, Martínez JA, Bustos M, Moreno-Aliaga MJ. Cardiotrophin-1 decreases intestinal sugar uptake in mice and in Caco-2 cells. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2016; 217:217-26. [PMID: 26972986 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) is a member of the IL-6 family of cytokines with a key role in glucose and lipid metabolism. In the current investigation, we examined the in vivo and in vitro effects of CT-1 treatment on intestinal sugar absorption in different experimental models. METHODS rCT-1 effects on α-Methyl-D-glucoside uptake were assessed in everted intestinal rings from wild-type and CT-1(-/-) mice and in Caco-2 cells. rCT-1 actions on SGLT-1 expression in brush border membrane vesicles and the identification of the potential signalling pathways involved were determined by Western blot. RESULTS In vivo administration (0.2 mg kg(-1) ) of rCT-1 caused a significant decrease on α-Methyl-D-glucoside uptake in everted intestinal rings from wild-type and CT-1(-/-) mice after short-term and long-term treatments. Similarly, in vitro treatment (1-50 ng mL(-1) ) with rCT-1 reduced α-Methyl-D-glucoside uptake in everted intestinal rings. In Caco-2 cells, rCT-1 treatment (20 ng mL(-1) , 1 and 24 h) lowered apical uptake of α-Methyl-D-glucoside in parallel with a decrease on SGLT-1 protein expression. rCT-1 promoted the phosphorylation of STAT-3 after 5 and 15 min treatment, but inhibited the activation by phosphorylation of AMPK after 30 and 60 min. Interestingly, pre-treatment with the JAK/STAT inhibitor (AG490) and with the AMPK activator (AICAR) reversed the inhibitory effects of rCT-1 on α-Methyl-D-glucoside uptake. AICAR also prevented the inhibition of SGLT-1 observed in rCT-1-treated cells. CONCLUSIONS CT-1 inhibits intestinal sugar absorption by the reduction of SGLT-1 levels through the AMPK pathway, which could also contribute to explain the hypoglycaemic and anti-obesity properties of CT-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. López-Yoldi
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; University of Navarra; Pamplona Navarra Spain
- Centre for Nutrition Research; University of Navarra; Pamplona Navarra Spain
| | - R. Castilla-Madrigal
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; University of Navarra; Pamplona Navarra Spain
- Centre for Nutrition Research; University of Navarra; Pamplona Navarra Spain
| | - M. P. Lostao
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; University of Navarra; Pamplona Navarra Spain
- Centre for Nutrition Research; University of Navarra; Pamplona Navarra Spain
- IdiSNA; Navarra Institute for Health Research; Pamplona Spain
| | - A. Barber
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; University of Navarra; Pamplona Navarra Spain
| | - J. Prieto
- Department of Gene Therapy and Hepatology; CIMA; University of Navarra; Pamplona Navarra Spain
- CIBERehd; Institute of Health Carlos III; Madrid Spain
| | - J. A. Martínez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; University of Navarra; Pamplona Navarra Spain
- Centre for Nutrition Research; University of Navarra; Pamplona Navarra Spain
- IdiSNA; Navarra Institute for Health Research; Pamplona Spain
- CIBERobn; Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition; Institute of Health Carlos III; Madrid Spain
| | - M. Bustos
- Department of Gene Therapy and Hepatology; CIMA; University of Navarra; Pamplona Navarra Spain
| | - M. J. Moreno-Aliaga
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology; University of Navarra; Pamplona Navarra Spain
- Centre for Nutrition Research; University of Navarra; Pamplona Navarra Spain
- IdiSNA; Navarra Institute for Health Research; Pamplona Spain
- CIBERobn; Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition; Institute of Health Carlos III; Madrid Spain
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16
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Pasquin S, Sharma M, Gauchat JF. Cytokines of the LIF/CNTF family and metabolism. Cytokine 2016; 82:122-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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17
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Grant RW, Stephens JM. Fat in flames: influence of cytokines and pattern recognition receptors on adipocyte lipolysis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2015; 309:E205-13. [PMID: 26058863 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00053.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue has the largest capacity to store energy in the body and provides energy through the release of free fatty acids during times of energy need. Different types of immune cells are recruited to adipose tissue under various physiological conditions, indicating that these cells contribute to the regulation of adipose tissue. One major pathway influenced by a number of immune cells is the release of free fatty acids through lipolysis during both physiological (e.g., cold stress) and pathophysiological processes (e.g., obesity, type 2 diabetes). Adipose tissue expansion during obesity leads to immune cell infiltration and adipose tissue remodeling, a homeostatic process that promotes inflammation in adipose tissue. The release of proinflammatory cytokines stimulates lipolysis and causes insulin resistance, leading to adipose tissue dysfunction and systemic disruptions of metabolism. This review focuses on the interactions of cytokines and other inflammatory molecules that regulate adipose tissue lipolysis during physiological and pathophysiological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan W Grant
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Jacqueline M Stephens
- Adipocyte Biology Lab, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana; and Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
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18
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Martínez-Fernández L, Laiglesia LM, Huerta AE, Martínez JA, Moreno-Aliaga MJ. Omega-3 fatty acids and adipose tissue function in obesity and metabolic syndrome. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2015. [PMID: 26219838 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) such as eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) have been reported to improve obesity-associated metabolic disorders including chronic inflammation, insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia. Growing evidence exits about adipose tissue as a target in mediating the beneficial effects of these marine n-3 PUFAs in adverse metabolic syndrome manifestations. Therefore, in this manuscript we focus in reviewing the current knowledge about effects of marine n-3 PUFAs on adipose tissue metabolism and secretory functions. This scope includes n-3 PUFAs actions on adipogenesis, lipogenesis and lipolysis as well as on fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial biogenesis. The effects of n-3 PUFAs on adipose tissue glucose uptake and insulin signaling are also summarized. Moreover, the roles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and AMPK activation in mediating n-3 PUFAs actions on adipose tissue functions are discussed. Finally, the mechanisms underlying the ability of n-3 PUFAs to prevent and/or ameliorate adipose tissue inflammation are also revised, focusing on the role of n-3 PUFAs-derived specialized proresolving lipid mediators such as resolvins, protectins and maresins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyre Martínez-Fernández
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Spain; Centre for Nutrition Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Spain
| | - Laura M Laiglesia
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Spain; Centre for Nutrition Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Spain
| | - Ana E Huerta
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Spain; Centre for Nutrition Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Spain; Centre for Nutrition Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María J Moreno-Aliaga
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Spain; Centre for Nutrition Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
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López-Yoldi M, Moreno-Aliaga MJ, Bustos M. Cardiotrophin-1: A multifaceted cytokine. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2015; 26:523-32. [PMID: 26188636 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) is a member of the gp130 family of cytokines that have pleiotropic functions on different tissues and cell types. Although many effects of CT-1 have been described on the heart, there is an extensive research showing important protective effects in other organs such as liver, kidney or nervous system. Recently, several studies have pointed out that CT-1 might also play a key role in the regulation of body weight and intermediate metabolism. This paper will review many aspects of CT-1 physiological role in several organs and discuss data for consideration in therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel López-Yoldi
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María J Moreno-Aliaga
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Matilde Bustos
- Area of Hepatology and Gene Therapy, CIMA (Center for Applied Medical Research) University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
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