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Ronca A, Pellegrini N, Pagliai G, Dinu M, Manfredini M, Incerti M, Favari E, Sofi F. Effects of a dietary intervention with Mediterranean vs lacto-ovo vegetarian diets on HDL function: Results from the CARDIVEG study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:651-658. [PMID: 36642608 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM HDL-cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) has been shown to be a better cardiovascular (CVD) risk marker than serum HDL concentration. Several foods and nutrients have been shown to improve HDL functions, however no effective dietetic nor pharmacological strategy is available to increase CEC. This study aims to evaluate the possible effect of Mediterranean diet (MD) and lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet (VD) on HDL function in a group of clinically healthy subjects at low-to-moderate CVD risk. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty apparently healthy subjects with a low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk profile (21 F; mean age: 51.3 ± 9.7 years) were randomly assigned to a 3-month MD or VD diet and then crossed. Participants on VD showed a reduction in total HDL CEC by 8.99% (p < 0.001) as well as a reduction in ABCA1 mediated-CEC by 18.62% (p < 0.001) compared to participants on MD. Regarding CEC mediated by aqueous diffusion, no significant changes were observed after treatment with either diet. Finally, a significant positive association between CEC mediated by the ABCA1 transporter and adiponectin was found (r = 0.462; p = 0.010). CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that HDL activity in promoting cholesterol efflux and thereby reducing the concentration of pro-atherogenic lipoproteins was more effective in participants undergoing MD than VD. Based on these findings, the MD could be considered a better therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular prevention than VD. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL http://www. CLINICALTRIALS gov. Unique identifier: NCT02641834.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Ronca
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Pellegrini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Giuditta Pagliai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Monica Dinu
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Manfredini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science, And Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Matteo Incerti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Elda Favari
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Francesco Sofi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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2
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Garg PK, Tressel W, McClelland RL, Criqui MH, Stein JH, Yvan-Chavret L, Tall AR, Shea S. Cholesterol mass efflux capacity and coronary artery calcium: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. J Clin Lipidol 2022; 16:895-900. [PMID: 36153282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-mediated cholesterol mass efflux capacity (CMEC) with coronary artery calcium (CAC) score and CAC density. CMEC was measured in 1626 Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) participants in samples obtained between 2000 and 2002 as part of two nested case-control studies, one with cases of incident cardiovascular disease and the other with cases of carotid plaque progression by ultrasound. Cardiac CT examinations for the presence of CAC were performed at baseline and at two additional examinations. CAC scores (Agatston and volume) and density scores (for those with positive CAC) were calculated. Multivariable linear regression modeling per SD increment of CMEC was used to estimate the associations of CMEC with each of these CAC measures. We found no association between higher CMEC and either lower CAC scores or a higher CAC density. We also found no association between higher CMEC and progression of any of these CAC measures. These findings suggest that HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux may be associated with cardiovascular risk via mechanisms unrelated to burden of calcified plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen K Garg
- Division of Cardiology, University of Southern California, 1510 San Pablo St. Suite 322, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States.
| | - William Tressel
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Robyn L McClelland
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Michael H Criqui
- Division of Preventive Medicine, San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - James H Stein
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Laurent Yvan-Chavret
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Atip-Avenir, Université Côte d'Azur, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) OncoAge, Nice 06204 France
| | - Alan R Tall
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Steven Shea
- Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
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Changing Perspectives on HDL: From Simple Quantity Measurements to Functional Quality Assessment. J Lipids 2021; 2021:5585521. [PMID: 33996157 PMCID: PMC8096543 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5585521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) comprises a heterogeneous group of particles differing in size, density, and composition. HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) levels have long been suggested to indicate cardiovascular risk, inferred from multiple epidemiological studies. The failure of HDL-C targeted interventions and genetic studies has raised doubts on the atheroprotective role of HDL-C. The current consensus is that HDL-C is neither a biomarker nor a causative agent of cardiovascular disorders. With better understanding of the complex nature of HDL which comprises a large number of proteins and lipids with unique functions, recent focus has shifted from HDL quantity to HDL quality in terms of atheroprotective functions. The current research is focused on developing laboratory assays to assess HDL functions for cardiovascular risk prediction. Also, HDL mimetics designed based on the key determinants of HDL functions are being investigated to modify cardiovascular risk. Improving HDL functions by altering its composition is the key area of future research in HDL biology to reduce cardiovascular risk.
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4
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Adorni MP, Ronda N, Bernini F, Zimetti F. High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Efflux Capacity and Atherosclerosis in Cardiovascular Disease: Pathophysiological Aspects and Pharmacological Perspectives. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030574. [PMID: 33807918 PMCID: PMC8002038 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the years, the relationship between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and atherosclerosis, initially highlighted by the Framingham study, has been revealed to be extremely complex, due to the multiple HDL functions involved in atheroprotection. Among them, HDL cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), the ability of HDL to promote cell cholesterol efflux from cells, has emerged as a better predictor of cardiovascular (CV) risk compared to merely plasma HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. HDL CEC is impaired in many genetic and pathological conditions associated to high CV risk such as dyslipidemia, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, endocrine disorders, etc. The present review describes the current knowledge on HDL CEC modifications in these conditions, focusing on the most recent human studies and on genetic and pathophysiologic aspects. In addition, the most relevant strategies possibly modulating HDL CEC, including lifestyle modifications, as well as nutraceutical and pharmacological interventions, will be discussed. The objective of this review is to help understanding whether, from the current evidence, HDL CEC may be considered as a valid biomarker of CV risk and a potential pharmacological target for novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Adorni
- Unit of Neurosciences, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy;
| | - Nicoletta Ronda
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (N.R.); (F.Z.)
| | - Franco Bernini
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (N.R.); (F.Z.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Francesca Zimetti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (N.R.); (F.Z.)
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5
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Gliozzi M, Musolino V, Bosco F, Scicchitano M, Scarano F, Nucera S, Zito MC, Ruga S, Carresi C, Macrì R, Guarnieri L, Maiuolo J, Tavernese A, Coppoletta AR, Nicita C, Mollace R, Palma E, Muscoli C, Belzung C, Mollace V. Cholesterol homeostasis: Researching a dialogue between the brain and peripheral tissues. Pharmacol Res 2020; 163:105215. [PMID: 33007421 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol homeostasis is a highly regulated process in human body because of its several functions underlying the biology of cell membranes, the synthesis of all steroid hormones and bile acids and the need of trafficking lipids destined to cell metabolism. In particular, it has been recognized that peripheral and central nervous system cholesterol metabolism are separated by the blood brain barrier and are regulated independently; indeed, peripherally, it depends on the balance between dietary intake and hepatic synthesis on one hand and its degradation on the other, whereas in central nervous system it is synthetized de novo to ensure brain physiology. In view of this complex metabolism and its relevant functions in mammalian, impaired levels of cholesterol can induce severe cellular dysfunction leading to metabolic, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this review is to clarify the role of cholesterol homeostasis in health and disease highlighting new intriguing aspects of the cross talk between its central and peripheral metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Gliozzi
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Francesca Bosco
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Miriam Scicchitano
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Federica Scarano
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Saverio Nucera
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Maria Caterina Zito
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Stefano Ruga
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Cristina Carresi
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Roberta Macrì
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Lorenza Guarnieri
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Jessica Maiuolo
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Tavernese
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - Anna Rita Coppoletta
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Caterina Nicita
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Rocco Mollace
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Carolina Muscoli
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy; IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Valcannuta, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy; IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Valcannuta, Rome, Italy.
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ABCA1 Polymorphism Is Associated With the Warfarin-Induced Aortic Stiffness After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery in the Chinese Population. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2020; 76:360-366. [PMID: 32902944 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Warfarin is the most widely prescribed oral anticoagulant and is recommended for patients recovering from coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) with atrial fibrillation. Increasing evidence suggested that warfarin increased arterial stiffness in those patients. We aimed to examine the effect of warfarin therapy on aortic stiffness in patients who underwent CABG with or without postoperative warfarin treatment and explored the potential relationships of warfarin therapy with ABCA1 polymorphisms. This was a retrospect observational study of 24 patients who were continuously treated with warfarin were selected as the warfarin group and matched them by age (±3 years) and gender to 48 patients with nonuse of warfarin as the control group. The aortic stiffness, cholesterol efflux capacity, and plasma level of PIVKA-II were measured. Two ABCA1 polymorphisms were genotyped. Compared with baseline, treatment with warfarin for 1 year significantly increased the plasma level of PIVKA-II and aortic stiffness in pulse pressure and pulse wave velocity in patients after CABG. The increase of pulse wave velocity and plasma PIVKA-II level in the TT genotype was significantly greater than the CC genotype when comparing the -565C/T genotypes. The capacity of cholesterol efflux was significantly lower in the TT genotype at baseline and 1-year follow-up than the CC genotype. Postoperative treatment of warfarin for 1 year significantly increased aortic stiffness in patients who underwent CABG. ABCA1 -565C/T polymorphisms affected the cholesterol efflux capacity and were associated with the vitamin K status and the increased aortic stiffness after warfarin treatment in those patients.
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Castaño D, Rattanasopa C, Monteiro-Cardoso VF, Corlianò M, Liu Y, Zhong S, Rusu M, Liehn EA, Singaraja RR. Lipid efflux mechanisms, relation to disease and potential therapeutic aspects. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 159:54-93. [PMID: 32423566 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are hydrophobic and amphiphilic molecules involved in diverse functions such as membrane structure, energy metabolism, immunity, and signaling. However, altered intra-cellular lipid levels or composition can lead to metabolic and inflammatory dysfunction, as well as lipotoxicity. Thus, intra-cellular lipid homeostasis is tightly regulated by multiple mechanisms. Since most peripheral cells do not catabolize cholesterol, efflux (extra-cellular transport) of cholesterol is vital for lipid homeostasis. Defective efflux contributes to atherosclerotic plaque development, impaired β-cell insulin secretion, and neuropathology. Of these, defective lipid efflux in macrophages in the arterial walls leading to foam cell and atherosclerotic plaque formation has been the most well studied, likely because a leading global cause of death is cardiovascular disease. Circulating high density lipoprotein particles play critical roles as acceptors of effluxed cellular lipids, suggesting their importance in disease etiology. We review here mechanisms and pathways that modulate lipid efflux, the role of lipid efflux in disease etiology, and therapeutic options aimed at modulating this critical process.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Epidemiologic studies consistently demonstrated that patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and low HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) are more likely to develop major adverse cardiovascular events as compared with those with normal or high HDL. However, several large randomized trials failed to demonstrate that a substantial, pharmacological-based, increase of HDL-C concentrations results in a clinically significant reduction of ischemic outcomes. This has been largely attributed to the fact that, although these drugs are able to raise the HDL-C concentration, they have no effect on HDL-C atheroprotective function. Subsequently, the 'HDL hypothesis' evolved, and the focus shifted from raising the concentration of HDL-C to raising the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) function by increasing patients cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) instead. Indeed, new data suggest that HDL-C metabolism and the ability of the HDL molecule to transport cholesterol from the atherosclerotic plaque to the liver, measured by the CEC, is more important than steady-state HDL-C levels. Modulation of the CEC has become, therefore, a promising therapeutic target in CAD patients. This article reviews the current data on the 'cholesterol efflux hypothesis' and discuss its ability to be modulated has a potential therapeutic target. RECENT FINDINGS Recent data have demonstrated that impaired serum CEC was associated with increased mortality after a myocardial infarction (MI). Thus, therapeutic intervention aiming to improve CEC and RCT may reduce the risk of recurrent events. Early phase clinical studies targeting CEC showed promising results and a megatrial is ongoing testing the hypothesis that an improved RCT trough a modulation of the CEC can modify patient's prognosis after an acute MI. SUMMARY The 'cholesterol efflux hypothesis' is now supported by several clinical studies and is being tested with a therapeutic candidate in a megatrial enrolling high-risk patient with MI.
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Relationship between HDL Cholesterol Efflux Capacity, Calcium Coronary Artery Content, and Antibodies against ApolipoproteinA-1 in Obese and Healthy Subjects. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8081225. [PMID: 31443207 PMCID: PMC6722652 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8081225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To explore the associations between cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), coronary artery calcium (CAC) score, Framingham risk score (FRS), and antibodies against apolipoproteinA-1 (anti-apoA-1 IgG) in healthy and obese subjects (OS). METHODS AND RESULTS ABCA1-, ABCG1-, passive diffusion (PD)-CEC and anti-apoA-1 IgG were measured in sera from 34 controls and 35 OS who underwent CAC score determination by chest computed tomography. Anti-apoA-1 IgG ability to modulate CEC and macrophage cholesterol content (MCC) was tested in vitro. Controls and OS displayed similar ABCG1-, ABCA1-, PD-CEC, CAC and FRS scores. Logistic regression analyses indicated that FRS was the only significant predictor of CAC lesion. Overall, anti-apoA-1 IgG were significantly correlated with ABCA1-CEC (r = 0.48, p < 0.0001), PD-CEC (r = -0.33, p = 0.004), and the CAC score (r = 0.37, p = 0.03). ABCA1-CEC was correlated with CAC score (r = 0.47, p = 0.004) and FRS (r = 0.18, p = 0.29), while PD-CEC was inversely associated with the same parameters (CAC: r = -0.46, p = 0.006; FRS: score r = -0.40, p = 0.01). None of these associations was replicated in healthy controls or after excluding anti-apoA-1 IgG seropositive subjects. In vitro, anti-apoA-1 IgG inhibited PD-CEC (p < 0.0001), increased ABCA1-CEC (p < 0.0001), and increased MCC (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS We report a paradoxical positive association between ABCA1-CEC and the CAC score, with the latter being inversely associated with PD in OS. Corroborating our clinical observations, anti-apoA-1 IgG enhanced ABCA1 while repressing PD-CEC, leading to MCC increase in vitro. These results indicate that anti-apoA-1 IgG have the potential to interfere with CEC and macrophage lipid metabolism, and may underpin paradoxical associations between ABCA1-CEC and cardiovascular risk.
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Parolini C, Adorni MP, Busnelli M, Manzini S, Cipollari E, Favari E, Lorenzon P, Ganzetti GS, Fingerle J, Bernini F, Chiesa G. Infusions of Large Synthetic HDL Containing Trimeric apoA-I Stabilize Atherosclerotic Plaques in Hypercholesterolemic Rabbits. Can J Cardiol 2019; 35:1400-1408. [PMID: 31495683 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2019.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among strategies to reduce the remaining risk of cardiovascular disease, interest has focused on using infusions of synthetic high-density lipoprotein (sHDL). METHODS New Zealand rabbits underwent a perivascular injury at both carotids and were randomly allocated into 2 protocols: (1) a single-dose study, where rabbits were treated with a single infusion of sHDL containing a trimeric form of human apoA-I (TN-sHDL, 200 mg/kg) or with Placebo; (2) a multiple-dose study, where 4 groups of rabbits were treated 5 times with Placebo or TN-sHDL at different doses (8, 40, 100 mg/kg). Plaque changes were analysed in vivo by intravascular ultrasound. Blood was drawn from rabbits for biochemical analyses and cholesterol efflux capacity evaluation. RESULTS In both protocols, atheroma volume in the Placebo groups increased between the first and the second intravascular ultrasound evaluation. A stabilization or a slight regression was instead observed vs baseline in the TN-sHDL-treated groups (P < 0.005 vs Placebo after infusion). TN-sHDL treatment caused a sharp rise of plasma-free cholesterol levels and a significant increase of total cholesterol efflux capacity. Histologic analysis of carotid plaques showed a reduced macrophage accumulation in TN-sHDL-treated rabbits compared with Placebo (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that acute and subacute treatments with TN-sHDL are effective in stabilizing atherosclerotic plaques in a rabbit model. This effect appears to be related to a reduced intraplaque accumulation of inflammatory cells. Besides recent failures in proving its efficacy, sHDL treatment remains a fascinating therapeutic option for the reduction of cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Parolini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Marco Busnelli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Manzini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Elda Favari
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Paolo Lorenzon
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia S Ganzetti
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Juergen Fingerle
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Franco Bernini
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giulia Chiesa
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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Liao S, Zhou Q, Zhang Y. Elastic aortic wrap reduced aortic stiffness by partially alleviating the impairment of cholesterol efflux capacity in pigs. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2019; 17:101-109. [PMID: 30918842 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-018-0345-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Metabolic syndrome patients exhibit impaired cholesterol efflux capacity. Previous studies have shown a positive association between aortic stiffness and metabolic syndrome. However, it is unknown whether cholesterol efflux capacity participates in the process of aortic stiffness. This study sought to determine the effect of metabolic syndrome on aortic stiffening, and to investigate the effectiveness of aortic wraps on aortic compliance and the underlying mechanisms. Methods In a swine model of metabolic syndrome, we compared the cholesterol efflux capacity and aortic compliance responding to diet modifications and aortic wrap applications. Results Metabolic syndrome induced by high cholesterol diet significantly decreased cholesterol efflux capacity and aortic compliance. Elastic aortic wrap application increased aortic compliance and partially restored cholesterol efflux capacity via ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) pathway. Conclusions Cholesterol efflux plays a role in aortic stiffening. Elastic aortic wrap application could be a potential treatment for aortic stiffness related to metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutan Liao
- 1Rural Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia.,2The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- 3Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 53 Taohua Road, Nanchang, 330008 Jiangxi China
| | - Yang Zhang
- 3Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 53 Taohua Road, Nanchang, 330008 Jiangxi China
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High-Density Lipoprotein Functionality as a New Pharmacological Target on Cardiovascular Disease: Unifying Mechanism That Explains High-Density Lipoprotein Protection Toward the Progression of Atherosclerosis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2019. [PMID: 29528874 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The formation of the atherosclerotic plaque that is characterized by the accumulation of abnormal amounts of cholesterol-loaded macrophages in the artery wall is mediated by both inflammatory events and alterations of lipid/lipoprotein metabolism. Reverse transport of cholesterol opposes the formation and development of atherosclerotic plaque by promoting high density lipoprotein (HDL)-mediated removal of cholesterol from peripheral macrophages and its delivery back to the liver for excretion into the bile. Although an inverse association between HDL plasma levels and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been demonstrated over the years, several studies have recently shown that the antiatherogenic functions of HDL seem to be mediated by their functionality, not always associated with their plasma concentrations. Therefore, assessment of HDL function, evaluated as the capacity to promote cell cholesterol efflux, may offer a better prediction of CVD than HDL levels alone. In agreement with this idea, it has recently been shown that the assessment of serum cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), as a metric of HDL functionality, may represent a predictor of atherosclerosis extent in humans. The purpose of this narrative review is to summarize the current evidence concerning the role of cholesterol efflux capacity that is important for evaluating CVD risk, focusing on pharmacological evidences and its relationship with inflammation. We conclude that HDL therapeutics are a promising area of investigation but strategies for identifying efficacy must move beyond the idea of simply raising static HDL-cholesterol levels and toward methods of measuring the dynamics of HDL particle remodeling and the generation of lipid-free apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I). In this way, apoA-I, unlike mature HDL, can promote the greatest extent of cholesterol efflux relieving cellular cholesterol toxicity and the inflammation it causes.
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Liao S, Wu H, Chen R. Apolipoprotein A1 mimetic peptide ATI-5261 reverses arterial stiffness at late pregnancy and early postpartum in a COMT -/- mouse model of preeclampsia. Clin Hypertens 2018; 24:11. [PMID: 30237900 PMCID: PMC6138905 DOI: 10.1186/s40885-018-0097-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious maternal complication during pregnancy. Associated arterial stiffness in PE patients leads to increased risks of cardiovascular diseases later in life. Cholesterol efflux capacity, especially ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) dependent capacity, has been proposed to be a likely mediator of arterial stiffness. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of an apolipoprotein A1 mimetic peptide ATI-5261 on arterial stiffness in a mouse model of PE. Methods Pregnant COMT-/- mice were randomized to receive vehicle or ATI-5261 (30 mg/kg per day) via subcutaneous injection from gestational days (GD) 10.5 to GD 18.5 or to 10 days postpartum. Pregnant C57BL/6 J mice received vehicle during paralleled periods were served as normal controls. Results COMT-/- mice displayed maternal hypertension and proteinuria during pregnancy. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) was increased at GD 18.5 and 10 days postpartum. ATI-5261 treatment in COMT-/- mice significantly reduced PWV and partially normalized impaired ex vivo vascular function at late pregnancy and early postpartum. ATI-5261 treatment also increased serum ABCA1 concentrations and cholesterol efflux capacity, as well as ABCA1 expressions in the placenta. Pup weights, crown to rump lengths and abdominal circumferences were reduced in COMT-/- mice. Treatment with ATI-5261 did not alter these fetal measurements but significantly reduced placental weights and increased fetal to placental ratios in COMT-/- mice. Conclusion ATI-5261 reversed arterial stiffness at late pregnancy and early postpartum in a COMT-/- mouse model of PE and may be a potential therapy for arterial stiffness associated with PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutan Liao
- 1Rural Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia.,2The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wu
- 3Chashan Teaching Centre, Department of Physiology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 Zhejiang China
| | - Ruiying Chen
- 3Chashan Teaching Centre, Department of Physiology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 Zhejiang China
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Cholesterol Efflux: Does It Contribute to Aortic Stiffening? J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2018; 5:jcdd5020023. [PMID: 29724005 PMCID: PMC6023341 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd5020023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic stiffness during cardiac contraction is defined by the rigidity of the aorta and the elastic resistance to deformation. Recent studies suggest that aortic stiffness may be associated with changes in cholesterol efflux in endothelial cells. This alteration in cholesterol efflux may directly affect endothelial function, extracellular matrix composition, and vascular smooth muscle cell function and behavior. These pathological changes favor an aortic stiffness phenotype. Among all of the proteins participating in the cholesterol efflux process, ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) appears to be the main contributor to arterial stiffness changes in terms of structural and cellular function. ABCA1 is also associated with vascular inflammation mediators implicated in aortic stiffness. The goal of this mini review is to provide a conceptual hypothesis of the recent advancements in the understanding of ABCA1 in cholesterol efflux and its role and association in the development of aortic stiffness, with a particular emphasis on the potential mechanisms and pathways involved.
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15
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Zimetti F, Freitas WM, Campos AM, Daher M, Adorni MP, Bernini F, Sposito AC, Zanotti I. Cholesterol efflux capacity does not associate with coronary calcium, plaque vulnerability, and telomere length in healthy octogenarians. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:714-721. [PMID: 29436385 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p079525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have revealed that traditional risk factors are less effective in predicting CVD risk in the elderly, suggesting the need to identify new biomarkers. Here, we evaluated the association between serum cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), an atheroprotective property of HDL recently identified as a novel marker of CVD risk, and atherosclerotic burden in a cohort of very old, healthy individuals. Serum CEC values were not significantly correlated either with calcium score or with markers of vulnerable plaque, such as positive remodeling, hypodensity, spotty calcification, or napking-ring sign. In addition, no association was detected between CEC and telomere length, a marker of biological aging that has been linked to atherosclerosis extent. Interestingly, elderly subjects presented a remarkably higher CEC (+30.2%; P < 0.0001) compared with values obtained from a cohort of sex-matched, cardiovascular event-free, middle-aged individuals. In conclusion, serum CEC is not related to traditional risk factors in very old, cardiovascular event-free subjects, but has significantly higher values compared with a healthy, younger population. Whether this improved HDL functionality may represent a protective factor in CVD onset must be established in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wladimir M Freitas
- Cardiology Division, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Cidade Universitária, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Alessandra M Campos
- Cardiology Division, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Cidade Universitária, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Daher
- Cardiology Division, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Cidade Universitária, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Franco Bernini
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Andrei C Sposito
- Cardiology Division, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Cidade Universitária, Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Ilaria Zanotti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
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16
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Adorni MP, Ferri N, Marchianò S, Trimarco V, Rozza F, Izzo R, Bernini F, Zimetti F. Effect of a novel nutraceutical combination on serum lipoprotein functional profile and circulating PCSK9. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2017; 13:1555-1562. [PMID: 29270015 PMCID: PMC5729828 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s144121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A beneficial effect on cardiovascular risk may be obtained by improving lipid-related serum lipoprotein functions such as high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) and serum cholesterol loading capacity (CLC) and by reducing proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9), independently of lipoprotein concentrations. Aim We aimed to evaluate the effect of an innovative nutraceutical (NUT) combination containing red yeast rice (monacolin K 3.3 mg), berberine 531.25 mg and leaf extract of Morus alba 200 mg (LopiGLIK®), on HDL-CEC, serum CLC and on circulating PCSK9 levels. Materials and methods Twenty three dyslipidemic subjects were treated for 4 weeks with the above NUT combination. HDL-CEC was measured using specific cell-based radioisotopic assays; serum CLC and PCSK9 concentrations were measured fluorimetrically and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Results The NUT combination significantly reduced plasma level of the total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (−9.8% and −12.6%, respectively). Despite no changes in HDL-cholesterol, the NUT combination improved total HDL-CEC in 83% of the patients, by an average of 16%, as a consequence of the increase mainly of the ATP-binding cassette A1-mediated CEC (+28.5%). The NUT combination significantly reduced serum CLC (−11.4%) while it did not change PCSK9 plasma levels (312.9±69.4 ng/mL vs 334.8±103.5 mg/L, before and after treatment, respectively). Conclusion The present NUT combination improves the serum lipoprotein functional profile providing complementary beneficial effects, without any detrimental increase of PCSK9 plasma levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicola Ferri
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua
| | - Silvia Marchianò
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan
| | | | - Francesco Rozza
- Hypertension Research Center, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Izzo
- Hypertension Research Center, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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17
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Lacolley P, Regnault V, Segers P, Laurent S. Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Arterial Stiffening: Relevance in Development, Aging, and Disease. Physiol Rev 2017; 97:1555-1617. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00003.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The cushioning function of large arteries encompasses distension during systole and recoil during diastole which transforms pulsatile flow into a steady flow in the microcirculation. Arterial stiffness, the inverse of distensibility, has been implicated in various etiologies of chronic common and monogenic cardiovascular diseases and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. The first components that contribute to arterial stiffening are extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins that support the mechanical load, while the second important components are vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which not only regulate actomyosin interactions for contraction but mediate also mechanotransduction in cell-ECM homeostasis. Eventually, VSMC plasticity and signaling in both conductance and resistance arteries are highly relevant to the physiology of normal and early vascular aging. This review summarizes current concepts of central pressure and tensile pulsatile circumferential stress as key mechanical determinants of arterial wall remodeling, cell-ECM interactions depending mainly on the architecture of cytoskeletal proteins and focal adhesion, the large/small arteries cross-talk that gives rise to target organ damage, and inflammatory pathways leading to calcification or atherosclerosis. We further speculate on the contribution of cellular stiffness along the arterial tree to vascular wall stiffness. In addition, this review provides the latest advances in the identification of gene variants affecting arterial stiffening. Now that important hemodynamic and molecular mechanisms of arterial stiffness have been elucidated, and the complex interplay between ECM, cells, and sensors identified, further research should study their potential to halt or to reverse the development of arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Lacolley
- INSERM, U1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; IBiTech-bioMMeda, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium; Department of Pharmacology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France; PARCC INSERM, UMR 970, Paris, France; and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Regnault
- INSERM, U1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; IBiTech-bioMMeda, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium; Department of Pharmacology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France; PARCC INSERM, UMR 970, Paris, France; and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Segers
- INSERM, U1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; IBiTech-bioMMeda, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium; Department of Pharmacology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France; PARCC INSERM, UMR 970, Paris, France; and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Laurent
- INSERM, U1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; IBiTech-bioMMeda, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium; Department of Pharmacology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France; PARCC INSERM, UMR 970, Paris, France; and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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18
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Zimetti F, De Vuono S, Gomaraschi M, Adorni MP, Favari E, Ronda N, Ricci MA, Veglia F, Calabresi L, Lupattelli G. Plasma cholesterol homeostasis, HDL remodeling and function during the acute phase reaction. J Lipid Res 2017; 58:2051-2060. [PMID: 28830907 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p076463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute phase reaction (APR) is a systemic inflammation triggered by several conditions associated with lipid profile alterations. We evaluated whether APR also associates with changes in cholesterol synthesis and absorption, HDL structure, composition, and cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC). We analyzed 59 subjects with APR related to infections, oncologic causes, or autoimmune diseases and 39 controls. We detected no difference in markers of cholesterol synthesis and absorption. Conversely, a significant reduction of LpA-I- and LpAI:AII-containing HDL (-28% and -44.8%, respectively) and of medium-sized HDL (-10.5%) occurred in APR. Total HDL CEC was impaired in APR subjects (-18%). Evaluating specific CEC pathways, we found significant reductions in CEC by aqueous diffusion and by the transporters scavenger receptor B-I and ABCG1 (-25.5, -41.1 and -30.4%, respectively). ABCA1-mediated CEC was not affected. Analyses adjusted for age and gender provided similar results. In addition, correcting for HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, the differences in aqueous diffusion total and ABCG1-CEC remained significant. APR subjects displayed higher levels of HDL serum amyloid A (+20-folds; P = 0.003). In conclusion, APR does not associate with cholesterol synthesis and absorption changes but with alterations of HDL composition and a marked impairment of HDL CEC, partly independent of HDL-C serum level reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefano De Vuono
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, "Santa Maria della Misericordia" Hospital, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Monica Gomaraschi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Centro E. Grossi Paoletti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Elda Favari
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Ronda
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Maria Anastasia Ricci
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, "Santa Maria della Misericordia" Hospital, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Laura Calabresi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Centro E. Grossi Paoletti, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Graziana Lupattelli
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, "Santa Maria della Misericordia" Hospital, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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19
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Khalil H, Murrin C, O'Reilly M, Viljoen K, Segurado R, O'Brien J, Somerville R, McGillicuddy F, Kelleher CC. Total HDL cholesterol efflux capacity in healthy children - Associations with adiposity and dietary intakes of mother and child. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2017; 27:70-77. [PMID: 27919542 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol efflux capacity in adults may be a measure of the atheroprotective property of HDL. Little however, is known about HDL cholesterol efflux capacity in childhood. We aimed to investigate the relationship between HDL cholesterol efflux capacity and childhood anthropometrics in a longitudinal study. METHODS AND RESULTS Seventy-five children (mean age = 9.4 ± 0.4 years) were followed from birth until the age of 9 years. HDL cholesterol efflux capacity was determined at age 9 by incubating serum-derived HDL-supernatants with 3H-cholesterol labeled J774 macrophages and percentage efflux determined. Mothers provided dietary information by completing food frequency questionnaires in early pregnancy and then 5 years later on behalf of themselves and their children. Pearson's correlations and multiple regression analyses were conducted to confirm independent associations with HDL efflux. There was a negative correlation between HDL cholesterol efflux capacity and waist circumference at age 5 (r = -0.3, p = 0.01) and age 9 (r = -0.24, p = 0.04) and BMI at age 5 (r = -0.45, p = 0.01) and age 9 (r = -0.19, p = 0.1). Multiple regression analysis showed that BMI at age 5 remained significantly associated with reduced HDL cholesterol efflux capacity (r = -0.45, p < 0.001). HDL-C was negatively correlated with energy-adjusted fat intake (r = -0.24, p = 0.04) and positively correlated with energy-adjusted protein (r = 0.24, p = 0.04) and starch (r = 0.29, p = 0.01) intakes during pregnancy. HDL-C was not significantly correlated with children dietary intake at age 5. There were no significant correlations between maternal or children dietary intake and HDL cholesterol efflux capacity. CONCLUSIONS This novel analysis shows that efflux capacity is negatively associated with adiposity in early childhood independent of HDL-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Khalil
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, Woodview House, Belfield, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - C Murrin
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, Woodview House, Belfield, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | | | - K Viljoen
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, Woodview House, Belfield, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - R Segurado
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, Woodview House, Belfield, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - J O'Brien
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, Woodview House, Belfield, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - R Somerville
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, Woodview House, Belfield, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - F McGillicuddy
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Ireland; School of Medicine, UCD Conway Institute, Belfield, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - C C Kelleher
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, Woodview House, Belfield, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
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20
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Potočnjak I, Degoricija V, Trbušić M, Terešak SD, Radulović B, Pregartner G, Berghold A, Tiran B, Marsche G, Frank S. Metrics of High-Density Lipoprotein Function and Hospital Mortality in Acute Heart Failure Patients. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157507. [PMID: 27304214 PMCID: PMC4909230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The functionality of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is impaired in chronic ischaemic heart failure (HF). However, the relationship between HDL functionality and outcomes in acute HF (AHF) has not been studied. The present study investigates whether the metrics of HDL functionality, including HDL cholesterol efflux capacity and HDL-associated paraoxonase (PON)-1 arylesterase (AE) activity are associated with hospital mortality in AHF patients. METHODS AND RESULTS The study was performed as a prospective, single-centre, observational research on 152 patients, defined and categorised according to the ESC and ACCF/AHA Guidelines for HF by time of onset, final clinical presentation and ejection fraction. The mean age of the included patients (52% female) was 75.2 years (SD 10.3) and hospital mortality was 14.5%. HDL cholesterol efflux capacity was examined by measuring the capacity of apoB depleted serum to remove tritium-labelled cholesterol from cultured macrophages. The AE activity of the HDL fraction was examined by a photometric assay. In a univariable regression analysis, low cholesterol efflux, but not AE activity, was significantly associated with hospital mortality [odds ratio (OR) 0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.64-0.96, p = 0.019]. In multivariable analysis progressively adjusting for important clinical and laboratory parameters the association obtained for cholesterol efflux capacity and hospital mortality by univariable analysis, despite a stable OR, did not stay significant (p = 0.179). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that HDL cholesterol efflux capacity (but not AE activity) contributes to, but is not an independent risk factor for, hospital mortality in AHF patients. Larger studies are needed to draw firm conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Potočnjak
- University Hospital Centre Sisters of Charity, Department of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
- * E-mail: (IP); (GM); (SF)
| | - Vesna Degoricija
- University Hospital Centre Sisters of Charity, Department of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Matias Trbušić
- University Hospital Centre Sisters of Charity, Department of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanda Dokoza Terešak
- University Hospital Centre Sisters of Charity, Department of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Gudrun Pregartner
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics und Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrea Berghold
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics und Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Beate Tiran
- Clinical Institute for Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gunther Marsche
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- * E-mail: (IP); (GM); (SF)
| | - Saša Frank
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Centre of Molecular Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- * E-mail: (IP); (GM); (SF)
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21
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O'Reilly M, Dillon E, Guo W, Finucane O, McMorrow A, Murphy A, Lyons C, Jones D, Ryan M, Gibney M, Gibney E, Brennan L, de la Llera Moya M, Reilly MP, Roche HM, McGillicuddy FC. High-Density Lipoprotein Proteomic Composition, and not Efflux Capacity, Reflects Differential Modulation of Reverse Cholesterol Transport by Saturated and Monounsaturated Fat Diets. Circulation 2016; 133:1838-50. [PMID: 27081117 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.115.020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute inflammation impairs reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) and reduces high-density lipoprotein (HDL) function in vivo. This study hypothesized that obesity-induced inflammation impedes RCT and alters HDL composition, and investigated if dietary replacement of saturated (SFA) for monounsaturated (MUFA) fatty acids modulates RCT. METHODS AND RESULTS Macrophage-to-feces RCT, HDL efflux capacity, and HDL proteomic profiling was determined in C57BL/6j mice following 24 weeks on SFA- or MUFA-enriched high-fat diets (HFDs) or low-fat diet. The impact of dietary SFA consumption and insulin resistance on HDL efflux function was also assessed in humans. Both HFDs increased plasma (3)H-cholesterol counts during RCT in vivo and ATP-binding cassette, subfamily A, member 1-independent efflux to plasma ex vivo, effects that were attributable to elevated HDL cholesterol. By contrast, ATP-binding cassette, subfamily A, member 1-dependent efflux was reduced after both HFDs, an effect that was also observed with insulin resistance and high SFA consumption in humans. SFA-HFD impaired liver-to-feces RCT, increased hepatic inflammation, and reduced ABC subfamily G member 5/8 and ABC subfamily B member 11 transporter expression in comparison with low-fat diet, whereas liver-to-feces RCT was preserved after MUFA-HFD. HDL particles were enriched with acute-phase proteins (serum amyloid A, haptoglobin, and hemopexin) and depleted of paraoxonase-1 after SFA-HFD in comparison with MUFA-HFD. CONCLUSIONS Ex vivo efflux assays validated increased macrophage-to-plasma RCT in vivo after both HFDs but failed to capture differential modulation of hepatic cholesterol trafficking. By contrast, proteomics revealed the association of hepatic-derived inflammatory proteins on HDL after SFA-HFD in comparison with MUFA-HFD, which reflected differential hepatic cholesterol trafficking between groups. Acute-phase protein levels on HDL may serve as novel biomarkers of impaired liver-to-feces RCT in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella O'Reilly
- From Nutrigenomics Research Group (M.O., E.D., W.G., O.F., A. McMorrow, A. Murphy, C.L., D.J., H.M.R., F.C.M.), UCD Institute of Food and Health (M.R., M.G., E.G., L.B., H.M.R., F.C.M.), Diabetes Complications Research Centre (F.C.M.), UCD Conway Institute and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA (M.d.l.L.M.); and Cardiovascular Institute (M.P.R.) and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (M.P.R.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Eugene Dillon
- From Nutrigenomics Research Group (M.O., E.D., W.G., O.F., A. McMorrow, A. Murphy, C.L., D.J., H.M.R., F.C.M.), UCD Institute of Food and Health (M.R., M.G., E.G., L.B., H.M.R., F.C.M.), Diabetes Complications Research Centre (F.C.M.), UCD Conway Institute and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA (M.d.l.L.M.); and Cardiovascular Institute (M.P.R.) and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (M.P.R.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Weili Guo
- From Nutrigenomics Research Group (M.O., E.D., W.G., O.F., A. McMorrow, A. Murphy, C.L., D.J., H.M.R., F.C.M.), UCD Institute of Food and Health (M.R., M.G., E.G., L.B., H.M.R., F.C.M.), Diabetes Complications Research Centre (F.C.M.), UCD Conway Institute and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA (M.d.l.L.M.); and Cardiovascular Institute (M.P.R.) and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (M.P.R.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Orla Finucane
- From Nutrigenomics Research Group (M.O., E.D., W.G., O.F., A. McMorrow, A. Murphy, C.L., D.J., H.M.R., F.C.M.), UCD Institute of Food and Health (M.R., M.G., E.G., L.B., H.M.R., F.C.M.), Diabetes Complications Research Centre (F.C.M.), UCD Conway Institute and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA (M.d.l.L.M.); and Cardiovascular Institute (M.P.R.) and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (M.P.R.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Aoibheann McMorrow
- From Nutrigenomics Research Group (M.O., E.D., W.G., O.F., A. McMorrow, A. Murphy, C.L., D.J., H.M.R., F.C.M.), UCD Institute of Food and Health (M.R., M.G., E.G., L.B., H.M.R., F.C.M.), Diabetes Complications Research Centre (F.C.M.), UCD Conway Institute and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA (M.d.l.L.M.); and Cardiovascular Institute (M.P.R.) and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (M.P.R.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Aoife Murphy
- From Nutrigenomics Research Group (M.O., E.D., W.G., O.F., A. McMorrow, A. Murphy, C.L., D.J., H.M.R., F.C.M.), UCD Institute of Food and Health (M.R., M.G., E.G., L.B., H.M.R., F.C.M.), Diabetes Complications Research Centre (F.C.M.), UCD Conway Institute and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA (M.d.l.L.M.); and Cardiovascular Institute (M.P.R.) and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (M.P.R.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Claire Lyons
- From Nutrigenomics Research Group (M.O., E.D., W.G., O.F., A. McMorrow, A. Murphy, C.L., D.J., H.M.R., F.C.M.), UCD Institute of Food and Health (M.R., M.G., E.G., L.B., H.M.R., F.C.M.), Diabetes Complications Research Centre (F.C.M.), UCD Conway Institute and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA (M.d.l.L.M.); and Cardiovascular Institute (M.P.R.) and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (M.P.R.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Daniel Jones
- From Nutrigenomics Research Group (M.O., E.D., W.G., O.F., A. McMorrow, A. Murphy, C.L., D.J., H.M.R., F.C.M.), UCD Institute of Food and Health (M.R., M.G., E.G., L.B., H.M.R., F.C.M.), Diabetes Complications Research Centre (F.C.M.), UCD Conway Institute and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA (M.d.l.L.M.); and Cardiovascular Institute (M.P.R.) and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (M.P.R.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Miriam Ryan
- From Nutrigenomics Research Group (M.O., E.D., W.G., O.F., A. McMorrow, A. Murphy, C.L., D.J., H.M.R., F.C.M.), UCD Institute of Food and Health (M.R., M.G., E.G., L.B., H.M.R., F.C.M.), Diabetes Complications Research Centre (F.C.M.), UCD Conway Institute and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA (M.d.l.L.M.); and Cardiovascular Institute (M.P.R.) and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (M.P.R.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Michael Gibney
- From Nutrigenomics Research Group (M.O., E.D., W.G., O.F., A. McMorrow, A. Murphy, C.L., D.J., H.M.R., F.C.M.), UCD Institute of Food and Health (M.R., M.G., E.G., L.B., H.M.R., F.C.M.), Diabetes Complications Research Centre (F.C.M.), UCD Conway Institute and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA (M.d.l.L.M.); and Cardiovascular Institute (M.P.R.) and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (M.P.R.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Eileen Gibney
- From Nutrigenomics Research Group (M.O., E.D., W.G., O.F., A. McMorrow, A. Murphy, C.L., D.J., H.M.R., F.C.M.), UCD Institute of Food and Health (M.R., M.G., E.G., L.B., H.M.R., F.C.M.), Diabetes Complications Research Centre (F.C.M.), UCD Conway Institute and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA (M.d.l.L.M.); and Cardiovascular Institute (M.P.R.) and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (M.P.R.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- From Nutrigenomics Research Group (M.O., E.D., W.G., O.F., A. McMorrow, A. Murphy, C.L., D.J., H.M.R., F.C.M.), UCD Institute of Food and Health (M.R., M.G., E.G., L.B., H.M.R., F.C.M.), Diabetes Complications Research Centre (F.C.M.), UCD Conway Institute and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA (M.d.l.L.M.); and Cardiovascular Institute (M.P.R.) and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (M.P.R.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Margarita de la Llera Moya
- From Nutrigenomics Research Group (M.O., E.D., W.G., O.F., A. McMorrow, A. Murphy, C.L., D.J., H.M.R., F.C.M.), UCD Institute of Food and Health (M.R., M.G., E.G., L.B., H.M.R., F.C.M.), Diabetes Complications Research Centre (F.C.M.), UCD Conway Institute and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA (M.d.l.L.M.); and Cardiovascular Institute (M.P.R.) and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (M.P.R.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Muredach P Reilly
- From Nutrigenomics Research Group (M.O., E.D., W.G., O.F., A. McMorrow, A. Murphy, C.L., D.J., H.M.R., F.C.M.), UCD Institute of Food and Health (M.R., M.G., E.G., L.B., H.M.R., F.C.M.), Diabetes Complications Research Centre (F.C.M.), UCD Conway Institute and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA (M.d.l.L.M.); and Cardiovascular Institute (M.P.R.) and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (M.P.R.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Helen M Roche
- From Nutrigenomics Research Group (M.O., E.D., W.G., O.F., A. McMorrow, A. Murphy, C.L., D.J., H.M.R., F.C.M.), UCD Institute of Food and Health (M.R., M.G., E.G., L.B., H.M.R., F.C.M.), Diabetes Complications Research Centre (F.C.M.), UCD Conway Institute and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA (M.d.l.L.M.); and Cardiovascular Institute (M.P.R.) and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (M.P.R.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Fiona C McGillicuddy
- From Nutrigenomics Research Group (M.O., E.D., W.G., O.F., A. McMorrow, A. Murphy, C.L., D.J., H.M.R., F.C.M.), UCD Institute of Food and Health (M.R., M.G., E.G., L.B., H.M.R., F.C.M.), Diabetes Complications Research Centre (F.C.M.), UCD Conway Institute and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA (M.d.l.L.M.); and Cardiovascular Institute (M.P.R.) and Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (M.P.R.), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia.
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22
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Della Torre S, Mitro N, Fontana R, Gomaraschi M, Favari E, Recordati C, Lolli F, Quagliarini F, Meda C, Ohlsson C, Crestani M, Uhlenhaut NH, Calabresi L, Maggi A. An Essential Role for Liver ERα in Coupling Hepatic Metabolism to the Reproductive Cycle. Cell Rep 2016; 15:360-71. [PMID: 27050513 PMCID: PMC4835581 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipoprotein synthesis is controlled by estrogens, but the exact mechanisms underpinning this regulation and the role of the hepatic estrogen receptor α (ERα) in cholesterol physiology are unclear. Utilizing a mouse model involving selective ablation of ERα in the liver, we demonstrate that hepatic ERα couples lipid metabolism to the reproductive cycle. We show that this receptor regulates the synthesis of cholesterol transport proteins, enzymes for lipoprotein remodeling, and receptors for cholesterol uptake. Additionally, ERα is indispensable during proestrus for the generation of high-density lipoproteins efficient in eliciting cholesterol efflux from macrophages. We propose that a specific interaction with liver X receptor α (LXRα) mediates the broad effects of ERα on the hepatic lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Della Torre
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nico Mitro
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Fontana
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Monica Gomaraschi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Elda Favari
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy
| | - Camilla Recordati
- Mouse and Animal Pathology Laboratory, Fondazione Filarete, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Lolli
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabiana Quagliarini
- Helmholtz Diabetes Center (HDC) and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Clara Meda
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research and Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maurizio Crestani
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nina Henriette Uhlenhaut
- Helmholtz Diabetes Center (HDC) and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Laura Calabresi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Adriana Maggi
- Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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23
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Ljunggren SA, Levels JHM, Hovingh K, Holleboom AG, Vergeer M, Argyri L, Gkolfinopoulou C, Chroni A, Sierts JA, Kastelein JJ, Kuivenhoven JA, Lindahl M, Karlsson H. Lipoprotein profiles in human heterozygote carriers of a functional mutation P297S in scavenger receptor class B1. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2015; 1851:1587-95. [PMID: 26454245 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1) is an important HDL receptor involved in cholesterol uptake and efflux, but its physiological role in human lipoprotein metabolism is not fully understood. Heterozygous carriers of the SR-B1(P297S) mutation are characterized by increased HDL cholesterol levels, impaired cholesterol efflux from macrophages and attenuated adrenal function. Here, the composition and function of lipoproteins were studied in SR-B1(P297S) heterozygotes.Lipoproteins from six SR-B1(P297S) carriers and six family controls were investigated. HDL and LDL/VLDL were isolated by ultracentrifugation and proteins were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and identified by mass spectrometry. HDL antioxidant properties, paraoxonase 1 activities, apoA-I methionine oxidations and HDL cholesterol efflux capacity were assessed.Multivariate modeling separated carriers from controls based on lipoprotein composition. Protein analyses showed a significant enrichment of apoE in LDL/VLDL and of apoL-1 in HDL from heterozygotes compared to controls. The relative distribution of plasma apoE was increased in LDL and in lipid-free form. There were no significant differences in paraoxonase 1 activities, HDL antioxidant properties or HDL cholesterol efflux capacity but heterozygotes showed a significant increase of oxidized methionines in apoA-I.The SR-B1(P297S) mutation affects both HDL and LDL/VLDL protein compositions. The increase of apoE in carriers suggests a compensatory mechanism for attenuated SR-B1 mediated cholesterol uptake by HDL. Increased methionine oxidation may affect HDL function by reducing apoA-I binding to its targets. The results illustrate the complexity of lipoprotein metabolism that has to be taken into account in future therapeutic strategies aiming at targeting SR-B1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan A Ljunggren
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Johannes H M Levels
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Kees Hovingh
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Adriaan G Holleboom
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Menno Vergeer
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Letta Argyri
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece.
| | - Christina Gkolfinopoulou
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece.
| | - Angeliki Chroni
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece.
| | - Jeroen A Sierts
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - John J Kastelein
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Jan Albert Kuivenhoven
- Department of Pediatrics, section for Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Mats Lindahl
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Helen Karlsson
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
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24
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Zimetti F, Favari E, Cagliero P, Adorni MP, Ronda N, Bonardi R, Gomaraschi M, Calabresi L, Bernini F, Guardamagna O. Cholesterol trafficking-related serum lipoprotein functions in children with cholesteryl ester storage disease. Atherosclerosis 2015; 242:443-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Ronda N, Greco D, Adorni MP, Zimetti F, Favari E, Hjeltnes G, Mikkelsen K, Borghi MO, Favalli EG, Gatti R, Hollan I, Meroni PL, Bernini F. Newly Identified Antiatherosclerotic Activity of Methotrexate and Adalimumab: Complementary Effects on Lipoprotein Function and Macrophage Cholesterol Metabolism. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 67:1155-64. [DOI: 10.1002/art.39039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ivana Hollan
- Lillehammer Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; Lillehammer Norway
| | - Pier Luigi Meroni
- University of Milan and IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano; Milan Italy
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26
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Favari E, Chroni A, Tietge UJF, Zanotti I, Escolà-Gil JC, Bernini F. Cholesterol efflux and reverse cholesterol transport. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2015; 224:181-206. [PMID: 25522988 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-09665-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Both alterations of lipid/lipoprotein metabolism and inflammatory events contribute to the formation of the atherosclerotic plaque, characterized by the accumulation of abnormal amounts of cholesterol and macrophages in the artery wall. Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) may counteract the pathogenic events leading to the formation and development of atheroma, by promoting the high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-mediated removal of cholesterol from the artery wall. Recent in vivo studies established the inverse relationship between RCT efficiency and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (CVD), thus suggesting that the promotion of this process may represent a novel strategy to reduce atherosclerotic plaque burden and subsequent cardiovascular events. HDL plays a primary role in all stages of RCT: (1) cholesterol efflux, where these lipoproteins remove excess cholesterol from cells; (2) lipoprotein remodeling, where HDL undergo structural modifications with possible impact on their function; and (3) hepatic lipid uptake, where HDL releases cholesterol to the liver, for the final excretion into bile and feces. Although the inverse association between HDL plasma levels and CVD risk has been postulated for years, recently this concept has been challenged by studies reporting that HDL antiatherogenic functions may be independent of their plasma levels. Therefore, assessment of HDL function, evaluated as the capacity to promote cell cholesterol efflux may offer a better prediction of CVD than HDL levels alone. Consistent with this idea, it has been recently demonstrated that the evaluation of serum cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) is a predictor of atherosclerosis extent in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elda Favari
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
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27
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Macri EV, Lifshitz F, Alsina E, Juiz N, Zago V, Lezón C, Rodriguez PN, Schreier L, Boyer PM, Friedman SM. Monounsaturated fatty acids-rich diets in hypercholesterolemic-growing rats. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2015; 66:400-8. [PMID: 25830945 DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2015.1025719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The effects of replacing dietary saturated fat by different monounsaturated fatty acid (ω-9MUFA) sources on serum lipids, body fat and bone in growing hypercholesterolemic rats were studied. Rats received one of the six different diets: AIN-93G (control, C); extra virgin olive oil (OO) + C; high-oleic sunflower oil (HOSO) + C or atherogenic diet (AT) for 8 weeks; the remaining two groups received AT for 3 weeks and then, the saturated fat was replaced by an oil mixture of soybean oil added with OO or HOSO for 5 weeks. Rats consuming MUFA-rich diets showed the highest body fat, hepatic index and epididymal, intestinal and perirenal fat, and triglycerides. T-chol and non-HDL-chol were increased in HOSO rats but decreased in OO rats. Bone mineral content and density were higher in both OO and HOSO groups than in AT rats. This study casts caution to the generalization of the benefits of MUFA for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa V Macri
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina
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28
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Ronda N, Favari E, Borghi MO, Ingegnoli F, Gerosa M, Chighizola C, Zimetti F, Adorni MP, Bernini F, Meroni PL. Impaired serum cholesterol efflux capacity in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 2013; 73:609-15. [PMID: 23562986 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-202914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The marked cardiovascular risk in autoimmune diseases is only partly explained. The capacity of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) to promote cell cholesterol efflux is a property with a well-known anti-atherogenic significance, but is also involved in functional modulation of endothelial and immune cells. The aim of this work was to evaluate HDL functionality with respect to cell cholesterol efflux in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythemathosus (SLE) patients. METHODS We evaluated serum cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of apoB-depleted serum, which mainly reflects HDL activity, from 30 RA and 30 SLE patients, and from 30 healthy controls by radioisotopic ex-vivo systems discriminating between the specific pathways of cholesterol efflux. RESULTS RA patients presented impairment of ATP-binding cassette G1-mediated CEC that correlated with disease activity. SLE patients showed a more complex pattern of modifications unrelated to disease activity, with marked reduction of ATP-binding cassette G1-mediated CEC and impairment of ATP-binding cassette A1-mediated CEC. The relationship between specific pathways of CEC values and serum total HDL differed between groups and there was no relationship with autoantibody profile or current therapy. CONCLUSIONS CEC is impaired in RA and SLE, with a specific mechanism pattern in each disease not depending on serum HDL levels. These findings provide a new mechanism for the increased atherosclerotic risk in RA and SLE patients.
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