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Kraaijenhof JM, Tromp TR, Nurmohamed NS, Reeskamp LF, Langenkamp M, Levels JHM, Boekholdt SM, Wareham NJ, Hoekstra M, Stroes ESG, Hovingh GK, Grefhorst A. ANGPTL3 (Angiopoietin-Like 3) Preferentially Resides on High-Density Lipoprotein in the Human Circulation, Affecting Its Activity. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e030476. [PMID: 37889183 PMCID: PMC10727379 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.030476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Background ANGPTL3 (angiopoietin-like protein 3) is an acknowledged crucial regulator of lipid metabolism by virtue of its inhibitory effect on lipoprotein lipase and endothelial lipase. It is currently unknown whether and to which lipoproteins ANGPTL3 is bound and whether the ability of ANGPTL3 to inhibit lipase activity is affected by binding to lipoproteins. Methods and Results Incubation of ultracentrifugation-isolated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) fractions from healthy volunteers with recombinant ANGPTL3 revealed that ANGPTL3 associates with both HDL and LDL particles ex vivo. Plasma from healthy volunteers and a patient deficient in HDL was fractionated by fast protein liquid chromatography, and ANGPTL3 distribution among lipoprotein fractions was measured. In healthy volunteers, ≈75% of lipoprotein-associated ANGPTL3 resides in HDL fractions, whereas ANGPTL3 was largely bound to LDL in the patient deficient in HDL. ANGPTL3 activity was studied by measuring lipolysis and uptake of 3H-trioleate by brown adipocyte T37i cells. Unbound ANGPTL3 did not suppress lipase activity, but when given with HDL or LDL, ANGPTL3 suppressed lipase activity by 21.4±16.4% (P=0.03) and 25.4±8.2% (P=0.006), respectively. Finally, in a subset of the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer) Norfolk study, plasma HDL cholesterol and amount of large HDL particles were both positively associated with plasma ANGPTL3 concentrations. Moreover, plasma ANGPTL3 concentrations showed a positive association with incident coronary artery disease (odds ratio, 1.25 [95% CI, 1.01-1.55], P=0.04). Conclusions Although ANGPTL3 preferentially resides on HDL, its activity was highest once bound to LDL particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M. Kraaijenhof
- Department of Vascular MedicineAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Tycho R. Tromp
- Department of Vascular MedicineAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Nick S. Nurmohamed
- Department of Vascular MedicineAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of CardiologyAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Laurens F. Reeskamp
- Department of Vascular MedicineAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Marije Langenkamp
- Department of Experimental Vascular MedicineAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Johannes H. M. Levels
- Department of Experimental Vascular MedicineAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - S. Matthijs Boekholdt
- Department of CardiologyAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Menno Hoekstra
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug ResearchLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Erik S. G. Stroes
- Department of Vascular MedicineAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - G. Kees Hovingh
- Department of Vascular MedicineAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Aldo Grefhorst
- Department of Experimental Vascular MedicineAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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2
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Hendrix S, Kingma J, Ottenhoff R, Valiloo M, Svecla M, Zijlstra LF, Sachdev V, Kovac K, Levels JHM, Jongejan A, de Boer JF, Kuipers F, Rimbert A, Norata GD, Loregger A, Zelcer N. Hepatic SREBP signaling requires SPRING to govern systemic lipid metabolism in mice and humans. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5181. [PMID: 37626055 PMCID: PMC10457316 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40943-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) are transcription factors that govern cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism. We recently identified SPRING as a post-transcriptional regulator of SREBP activation. Constitutive or inducible global ablation of Spring in mice is not tolerated, and we therefore develop liver-specific Spring knockout mice (LKO). Transcriptomics and proteomics analysis reveal attenuated SREBP signaling in livers and hepatocytes of LKO mice. Total plasma cholesterol is reduced in male and female LKO mice in both the low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein fractions, while triglycerides are unaffected. Loss of Spring decreases hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride content due to diminished biosynthesis, which coincides with reduced very-low-density lipoprotein secretion. Accordingly, LKO mice are protected from fructose diet-induced hepatosteatosis. In humans, we find common genetic SPRING variants that associate with circulating high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and ApoA1 levels. This study positions SPRING as a core component of hepatic SREBP signaling and systemic lipid metabolism in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Hendrix
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences and Gastroenterology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jenina Kingma
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences and Gastroenterology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roelof Ottenhoff
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences and Gastroenterology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Masoud Valiloo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences and Gastroenterology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monika Svecla
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Lobke F Zijlstra
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences and Gastroenterology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vinay Sachdev
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences and Gastroenterology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kristina Kovac
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences and Gastroenterology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes H M Levels
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aldo Jongejan
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Bioinformatics Laboratory, of Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan F de Boer
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Folkert Kuipers
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Antoine Rimbert
- l'institut du thorax, Nantes Université, CNRS, INSERM, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Giuseppe D Norata
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Anke Loregger
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences and Gastroenterology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Myllia Biotechnology GmbH, Am Kanal 27, 1110, Vienna, Austria
| | - Noam Zelcer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences and Gastroenterology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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3
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van Os BW, Vos WG, Bosmans LA, van Tiel CM, Lith SC, den Toom M, Beckers L, Levels JHM, van Wouw SAE, Zelcer N, Zaal EA, Berkers CR, van de Lest CHA, Helms JB, Weber C, Atzler D, de Winther MPJ, Baardman J, Lutgens E. Hyperlipidemia elicits an atypical, Th1 like CD4+ T cell response: a key role for VLDL. European Heart Journal Open 2023; 3:oead013. [PMID: 36969380 PMCID: PMC10032356 DOI: 10.1093/ehjopen/oead013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Aims Hyperlipidemia and T cell driven inflammation are important drivers of atherosclerosis, the main underlying cause of cardiovascular disease. Here, we detailed the effects of hyperlipidemia on T cells. Methods and results In vitro, exposure of human and murine CD4+ T cells to very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), but not to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) resulted in upregulation of Th1 associated pathways. VLDL was taken up via a CD36-dependent pathway and resulted in membrane stiffening and a reduction in lipid rafts. To further detail this response in vivo, T cells of mice lacking the LDL receptor (LDLr), which develop a strong increase in VLDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels upon high cholesterol feeding were investigated. CD4+ T cells of hyperlipidemic Ldlr-/- mice exhibited an increased expression of the C-X-C-chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) and produced more interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Gene set enrichment analysis identified IFN-γ-mediated signaling as the most upregulated pathway in hyperlipidemic T cells. However, the classical Th1 associated transcription factor profile with strong upregulation of Tbet and Il12rb2 was not observed. Hyperlipidemia did not affect levels of the CD4+ T cell's metabolites involved in glycolysis or other canonical metabolic pathways but enhanced amino acids levels. However, CD4+ T cells of hyperlipidemic mice showed increased cholesterol accumulation and an increased arachidonic acid (AA) to docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) ratio, which was associated with inflammatory T cell activation. Conclusions Hyperlipidemia, and especially its VLDL component induces an atypical Th1 response in CD4+ T cells. Underlying mechanisms include CD36 mediated uptake of VLDL, and an altered AA/DHA ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram W van Os
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , Netherlands
| | - Winnie G Vos
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , Netherlands
| | - Laura A Bosmans
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , Netherlands
| | - Claudia M van Tiel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , Netherlands
| | - Sanne C Lith
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , Netherlands
| | - Myrthe den Toom
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , Netherlands
| | - Linda Beckers
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , Netherlands
| | - Johannes H M Levels
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , Netherlands
| | - Suzanne A E van Wouw
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , Netherlands
| | - Noam Zelcer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , Netherlands
| | - Esther A Zaal
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University , Utrecht , Netherlands
| | - Celia R Berkers
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University and Netherlands Proteomics Centre , Utrecht , Netherlands
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University , Utrecht , Netherlands
| | - Chris H A van de Lest
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University , Utrecht , Netherlands
| | - J Bernd Helms
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University , Utrecht , Netherlands
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität , Pettenkoferstraße 8a & 9, 80336, Munich , Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance , Pettenkoferstraße 8a & 9, 80336, Munich , Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht University , Maastricht , the Netherlands
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) , Munich , Germany
| | - Dorothee Atzler
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität , Pettenkoferstraße 8a & 9, 80336, Munich , Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance , Pettenkoferstraße 8a & 9, 80336, Munich , Germany
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität , Goethestraße 33D, 80336, Munich , Germany
| | - Menno P J de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Baardman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , Netherlands
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Experimental Vascular Biology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , Netherlands
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität , Pettenkoferstraße 8a & 9, 80336, Munich , Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance , Pettenkoferstraße 8a & 9, 80336, Munich , Germany
- Dept of Cardiovascular Medicine, Experimental Cardiovascular Immunology Laboratory , Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, 55905, MN , USA
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4
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Bosmans LA, van Tiel CM, Aarts SABM, Willemsen L, Baardman J, van Os BW, den Toom M, Beckers L, Ahern DJ, Levels JHM, Jongejan A, Moerland PD, Verberk SGS, van den Bossche J, de Winther MMPJ, Weber C, Atzler D, Monaco C, Gerdes N, Shami A, Lutgens E. Myeloid CD40 deficiency reduces atherosclerosis by impairing macrophages' transition into a pro-inflammatory state. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 119:1146-1160. [PMID: 35587037 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS CD40 and its ligand, CD40L, play a critical role in driving atherosclerotic plaque development. Disrupted CD40-signaling reduces experimental atherosclerosis and induces a favourable stable plaque phenotype. We recently showed that small molecule-based inhibition of CD40-TNF Receptor Associated Factor-6 interactions attenuates atherosclerosis in hyperlipidaemic mice via macrophage-driven mechanisms. The present study aims to detail the function of myeloid CD40 in atherosclerosis using myeloid-specific CD40-deficient mice. METHOD AND RESULTS Cd40flox/flox and LysM-cre Cd40flox/flox mice on an Apoe-/- background were generated (CD40wt and CD40mac-/-, respectively). Atherosclerotic lesion size, as well as plaque macrophage content, were reduced in CD40mac-/- compared to CD40wt mice and their plaques displayed a reduction in necrotic core size. Transcriptomics analysis of the CD40mac-/- atherosclerotic aorta revealed downregulated pathways of immune pathways and inflammatory responses.Loss of CD40 in macrophages changed the representation of aortic macrophage subsets. Mass cytometry analysis revealed a higher content of a subset of alternative or resident-like CD206 + CD209b- macrophages in the atherosclerotic aorta of CD40mac-/- compared to CD40wt mice. RNA-sequencing of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) of CD40mac-/- mice demonstrated upregulation of genes associated with alternatively activated macrophages (including Folr2, Thbs1, Sdc1 and Tns1). CONCLUSIONS We here show that absence of CD40 signalling in myeloid cells reduces atherosclerosis and limits systemic inflammation by preventing a shift in macrophage polarization towards pro-inflammatory states. Our study confirms the merit of macrophage-targeted inhibition of CD40 as a valuable therapeutic strategy to combat atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Bosmans
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS) & Amsterdam Infection and Immunity (AII), Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia M van Tiel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS) & Amsterdam Infection and Immunity (AII), Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne A B M Aarts
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS) & Amsterdam Infection and Immunity (AII), Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa Willemsen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS) & Amsterdam Infection and Immunity (AII), Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Baardman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS) & Amsterdam Infection and Immunity (AII), Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bram W van Os
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS) & Amsterdam Infection and Immunity (AII), Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Myrthe den Toom
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS) & Amsterdam Infection and Immunity (AII), Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Linda Beckers
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS) & Amsterdam Infection and Immunity (AII), Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David J Ahern
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Johannes H M Levels
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aldo Jongejan
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Perry D Moerland
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne G S Verberk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jan van den Bossche
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS) & Amsterdam Infection and Immunity (AII), Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Menno M P J de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS) & Amsterdam Infection and Immunity (AII), Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute of Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilian's University, Munich, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Dorothee Atzler
- Institute of Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilian's University, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.,Walter-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, München, Germany
| | - Claudia Monaco
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Norbert Gerdes
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Annelie Shami
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS) & Amsterdam Infection and Immunity (AII), Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Dept. of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Clinical Research Center, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS) & Amsterdam Infection and Immunity (AII), Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Institute of Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilian's University, Munich, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.,Experimental Cardiovascular Immunology Laboratory, Dept of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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5
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Timmer C, Davids M, Nieuwdorp M, Levels JHM, Langendonk JG, Breederveld M, Ahmadi Mozafari N, Langeveld M. Differences in faecal microbiome composition between adult patients with UCD and PKU and healthy control subjects. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2021; 29:100794. [PMID: 34527515 PMCID: PMC8433284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2021.100794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Urea cycle disorders (UCDs) are a group of rare inherited metabolic diseases causing hyperammonemic encephalopathy. Despite intensive dietary and pharmacological therapy, outcome is poor in a subset of UCD patients. Reducing ammonia production by changing faecal microbiome in UCD is an attractive treatment approach. We compared faecal microbiome composition of 10 UCD patients, 10 healthy control subjects and 10 phenylketonuria (PKU) patients. PKU patients on a low protein diet were included to differentiate between the effect of a low protein diet and the UCD itself on microbial composition. Participants were asked to collect a faecal sample and to fill out a 24 h dietary journal. DNA was extracted from faecal material, taxonomy was assigned and microbiome data was analyzed, with a focus on microbiota involved in ammonia metabolism.In this study we show an altered faecal microbiome in UCD patients, different from both PKU and healthy controls. UCD patients on dietary and pharmacological treatment had a less diverse faecal microbiome, and the faecal microbiome of PKU patients on a protein restricted diet with amino acid supplementation showed reduced richness compared to healthy adults without a specific diet. The differences in the microbiome composition of UCD patients compared to healthy controls were in part related to lactulose use. Other genomic process encodings involved in ammonia metabolism, did not seem to differ. Since manipulation of the microbiome is possible, this could be a potential treatment modality. We propose as a first next step, to study the impact of these faecal microbiome alterations on metabolic stability. TAKE HOME MESSAGE The faecal microbiome of UCD patients was less diverse compared to PKU patients and even more compared to healthy controls.
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Key Words
- 16S rRNA, taxonomic marker genes, common to all bacteria
- ADI, Arginine Deimination. Bacteria derive energy from the deamination of arginine to citrulline and citrulline cleavage to ornithine plus carbamoyl phosphate. The latter is then converted into ATP and carbon dioxide, or used for pyrimidine biosynthesis. This route also generates two moles of ammonia (one from the arginine-citrulline conversion, the second from carbamoyl phosphate hydrolysis)
- ARG1d, arginase 1 (ARG1) deficiency
- ASLd, argininosuccinate lyase (ASL) deficiency
- ASSd, argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS) deficiency
- ASV, Amplified Sequence Variant. A specific nucleotide sequence representing a bacterial lineage
- Alpha Diversity, the species diversity in a microbial sample. Used to represent the taxonomic diversities of individual samples
- Ammonium scavengers, agents developed for the reduction of blood ammonia concentration used for the treatment of patients with urea cycle disorders. Sodiumbenzoate and phenylbutyrate are ammonium scavengers
- BCAA, branched chain amino acids: isoleucine, leucine and valine
- DEGs, differentially expressed genes
- DESeq, an R package to analyse count data from high-throughput sequencing assays such as RNA-Seq and test for differential expression
- EAA supplement, essential amino acids supplement containing L-histidine, L-isoleucine, L-leucine, l-lysine, L-methionine, L-phenylalanine, L-threonine, L-tryptofaan and L-valine with optional L-cystine and L-tyrosine added (depending on what product is used)
- FPD, Faiths Phylogenetic Diversity, alpha diversity metric accounting for genetic diversity
- Faecal
- Genus, a taxonomic rank
- Gut
- Hyperammonemia
- Metagenome, microbiome collective genome
- Microbiome
- OTCd, ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency
- PCoA, Principal Coordinate Analysis. PCoA is aimed at graphically representing a resemblance matrix between p elements (individuals, variables, objects, among others). By using PCoA we can visualize individual and/or group differences. Individual differences can be used to show outliers
- PFAA, precursor free amino acid supplement, in this case phenylalanine free
- PKU, Phenylketonuria
- Phenylketonuria
- Proteolytic capacity, the capacity to break proteins down into smaller polypeptides or amino acids. In this study: enzymes involved in protein degradation
- RT-qPCR, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction
- Sodium BPA, sodium phenylbutyrate
- UCD, urea cycle defect
- Urea cycle defect
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Affiliation(s)
- C Timmer
- Department of Dietetics and Nutritional science and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Davids
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Nieuwdorp
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J H M Levels
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J G Langendonk
- Department of Dietetics and Department of Internal Medicine, Center of Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Breederveld
- Department of Dietetics and Department of Internal Medicine, Center of Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - N Ahmadi Mozafari
- Department of Dietetics and Department of Internal Medicine, Center of Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Langeveld
- Department of Dietetics and Nutritional science and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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6
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Abstract
Severe hypertriglyceridemia is a major risk factor for acute pancreatitis. In exceptional cases, it is caused by plasma components inhibiting lipoprotein lipase activity. This phenomenon is predominantly associated with autoimmune diseases. Here, we report a case of severe hypertriglyceridemia due to a transient reduction in lipoprotein lipase activity following an episode of COVID-19 in an otherwise healthy 45-year-old woman. The lipoprotein lipase activity of the patient was markedly reduced compared with a healthy control and did recover to 20% of the healthy control's lipoprotein lipase activity 5 months after the COVID-19 episode. Mixing tests substantiated reduced lipolytic capacity in the presence of the patient's plasma at presentation compared with a homozygous lipoprotein lipase-deficient control, which was no longer present at follow-up. Western blotting confirmed that the quantity of lipoprotein lipase was not aberrant. Fibrate treatment and a strict hypolipidemic diet improved the patient's symptoms and triglyceride levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauré M Fijen
- Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aldo Grefhorst
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes H M Levels
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Danny M Cohn
- Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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7
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Koopen AM, Almeida EL, Attaye I, Witjes JJ, Rampanelli E, Majait S, Kemper M, Levels JHM, Schimmel AWM, Herrema H, Scheithauer TPM, Frei W, Dragsted L, Hartmann B, Holst JJ, O'Toole PW, Groen AK, Nieuwdorp M. Effect of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Combined With Mediterranean Diet on Insulin Sensitivity in Subjects With Metabolic Syndrome. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:662159. [PMID: 34177842 PMCID: PMC8222733 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.662159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies demonstrate that a Mediterranean diet has beneficial metabolic effects in metabolic syndrome subjects. Since we have shown that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from lean donors exerts beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity, in the present trial, we investigated the potential synergistic effects on insulin sensitivity of combining a Mediterranean diet with donor FMT in subjects with metabolic syndrome. Design Twenty-four male subjects with metabolic syndrome were put on a Mediterranean diet and after a 2-week run-in phase, the subjects were randomized to either lean donor (n = 12) or autologous (n = 12) FMT. Changes in the gut microbiota composition and bacterial strain engraftment after the 2-week dietary regimens and 6 weeks post-FMT were the primary endpoints. The secondary objectives were changes in glucose fluxes (both hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity), postprandial plasma incretin (GLP-1) levels, subcutaneous adipose tissue inflammation, and plasma metabolites. Results Consumption of the Mediterranean diet resulted in a reduction in body weight, HOMA-IR, and lipid levels. However, no large synergistic effects of combining the diet with lean donor FMT were seen on the gut microbiota diversity after 6 weeks. Although we did observe changes in specific bacterial species and plasma metabolites, no significant beneficial effects on glucose fluxes, postprandial incretins, or subcutaneous adipose tissue inflammation were detected. Conclusions In this small pilot randomized controlled trial, no synergistic beneficial metabolic effects of combining a Mediterranean diet with lean donor FMT on glucose metabolism were achieved. However, we observed engraftment of specific bacterial species. Future trials are warranted to test the combination of other microbial interventions and diets in metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annefleur M Koopen
- Department of Internal Medicine and (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Eduardo L Almeida
- APC Microbiome Ireland, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ilias Attaye
- Department of Internal Medicine and (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Julia J Witjes
- Department of Internal Medicine and (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Elena Rampanelli
- Department of Internal Medicine and (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Soumia Majait
- Department of Internal Medicine and (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marleen Kemper
- Department of Internal Medicine and (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Johannes H M Levels
- Department of Internal Medicine and (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alinda W M Schimmel
- Department of Internal Medicine and (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hilde Herrema
- Department of Internal Medicine and (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Torsten P M Scheithauer
- Department of Internal Medicine and (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Werner Frei
- APC Microbiome Ireland, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Lars Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Bolette Hartmann
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens J Holst
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul W O'Toole
- APC Microbiome Ireland, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Albert K Groen
- Department of Internal Medicine and (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal Medicine and (Experimental) Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Center, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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8
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Verhaar BJH, Collard D, Prodan A, Levels JHM, Zwinderman AH, Bäckhed F, Vogt L, Peters MJL, Muller M, Nieuwdorp M, van den Born BJH. Associations between gut microbiota, faecal short-chain fatty acids, and blood pressure across ethnic groups: the HELIUS study. Eur Heart J 2021; 41:4259-4267. [PMID: 32869053 PMCID: PMC7724641 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Preliminary evidence from animal and human studies shows that gut microbiota composition and levels of microbiota-derived metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), are associated with blood pressure (BP). We hypothesized that faecal microbiota composition and derived metabolites may be differently associated with BP across ethnic groups. Methods and results We included 4672 subjects (mean age 49.8 ± 11.7 years, 52% women) from six different ethnic groups participating in the HEalthy Life In an Urban Setting (HELIUS) study. The gut microbiota was profiled using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Associations between microbiota composition and office BP were assessed using machine learning prediction models. In the subgroups with the largest associations, faecal SCFA levels were compared in 200 subjects with lower or higher systolic BP. Faecal microbiota composition explained 4.4% of the total systolic BP variance. Best predictors for systolic BP included Roseburia spp., Clostridium spp., Romboutsia spp., and Ruminococcaceae spp. Explained variance of the microbiota composition was highest in Dutch subjects (4.8%), but very low in South-Asian Surinamese, African Surinamese, Ghanaian, Moroccan and Turkish descent groups (explained variance <0.8%). Faecal SCFA levels, including acetate (P < 0.05) and propionate (P < 0.01), were lower in young Dutch participants with low systolic BP. Conclusions Faecal microbiota composition is associated with BP, but with strongly divergent associations between ethnic groups. Intriguingly, while Dutch participants with lower BP had higher abundances of several SCFA-producing microbes, they had lower faecal SCFA levels. Intervention studies with SCFAs could provide more insight in the effects of these metabolites on BP. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara J H Verhaar
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Geriatrics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, De Boelelaan 1117-1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Didier Collard
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andrei Prodan
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes H M Levels
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aeilko H Zwinderman
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Bruna Stråket 16, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Liffert Vogt
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Nephrology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mike J L Peters
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Geriatrics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, De Boelelaan 1117-1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Majon Muller
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Geriatrics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, De Boelelaan 1117-1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Bruna Stråket 16, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bert-Jan H van den Born
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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9
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Poels K, Schnitzler JG, Waissi F, Levels JHM, Stroes ESG, Daemen MJAP, Lutgens E, Pennekamp AM, De Kleijn DPV, Seijkens TTP, Kroon J. Inhibition of PFKFB3 Hampers the Progression of Atherosclerosis and Promotes Plaque Stability. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:581641. [PMID: 33282864 PMCID: PMC7688893 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.581641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase (PFKFB)3-mediated glycolysis is pivotal in driving macrophage- and endothelial cell activation and thereby inflammation. Once activated, these cells play a crucial role in the progression of atherosclerosis. Here, we analyzed the expression of PFKFB3 in human atherosclerotic lesions and investigated the therapeutic potential of pharmacological inhibition of PFKFB3 in experimental atherosclerosis by using the glycolytic inhibitor PFK158. Methods and Results PFKFB3 expression was higher in vulnerable human atheromatous carotid plaques when compared to stable fibrous plaques and predominantly expressed in plaque macrophages and endothelial cells. Analysis of advanced plaques of human coronary arteries revealed a positive correlation of PFKFB3 expression with necrotic core area. To further investigate the role of PFKFB3 in atherosclerotic disease progression, we treated 6-8 weeks old male Ldlr -/- mice. These mice were fed a high cholesterol diet for 13 weeks, of which they were treated for 5 weeks with the glycolytic inhibitor PFK158 to block PFKFB3 activity. The incidence of fibrous cap atheroma (advanced plaques) was reduced in PFK158-treated mice. Plaque phenotype altered markedly as both necrotic core area and intraplaque apoptosis decreased. This coincided with thickening of the fibrous cap and increased plaque stability after PFK158 treatment. Concomitantly, we observed a decrease in glycolysis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells compared to the untreated group, which alludes that changes in the intracellular metabolism of monocyte and macrophages is advantageous for plaque stabilization. Conclusion High PFKFB3 expression is associated with vulnerable atheromatous human carotid and coronary plaques. In mice, high PFKFB3 expression is also associated with a vulnerable plaque phenotype, whereas inhibition of PFKFB3 activity leads to plaque stabilization. This data implies that inhibition of inducible glycolysis may reduce inflammation, which has the ability to subsequently attenuate atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kikkie Poels
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Johan G Schnitzler
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Farahnaz Waissi
- Division of Surgical Specialties, Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Johannes H M Levels
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Erik S G Stroes
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mat J A P Daemen
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne-Marije Pennekamp
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dominique P V De Kleijn
- Division of Surgical Specialties, Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Vascular Surgery, Netherlands and Netherlands Heart Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Tom T P Seijkens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey Kroon
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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10
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de Groot PF, Nikolic T, Imangaliyev S, Bekkering S, Duinkerken G, Keij FM, Herrema H, Winkelmeijer M, Kroon J, Levin E, Hutten B, Kemper EM, Simsek S, Levels JHM, van Hoorn FA, Bindraban R, Berkvens A, Dallinga-Thie GM, Davids M, Holleman F, Hoekstra JBL, Stroes ESG, Netea M, van Raalte DH, Roep BO, Nieuwdorp M. Oral butyrate does not affect innate immunity and islet autoimmunity in individuals with longstanding type 1 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial. Diabetologia 2020; 63:597-610. [PMID: 31915895 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-019-05073-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes has been linked to altered gut microbiota and more specifically to a shortage of intestinal production of the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) butyrate, which may play key roles in maintaining intestinal epithelial integrity and in human and gut microbial metabolism. Butyrate supplementation can protect against autoimmune diabetes in mouse models. We thus set out to study the effect of oral butyrate vs placebo on glucose regulation and immune variables in human participants with longstanding type 1 diabetes. METHODS We administered a daily oral dose of 4 g sodium butyrate or placebo for 1 month to 30 individuals with longstanding type 1 diabetes, without comorbidity or medication use, in a randomised (1:1), controlled, double-blind crossover trial, with a washout period of 1 month in between. Participants were randomly allocated to the 'oral sodium butyrate capsules first' or 'oral placebo capsules first' study arm in blocks of five. The clinical investigator received blinded medication from the clinical trial pharmacy. All participants, people doing measurements or examinations, or people assessing the outcomes were blinded to group assignment. The primary outcome was a change in the innate immune phenotype (monocyte subsets and in vitro cytokine production). Secondary outcomes were changes in blood markers of islet autoimmunity (cell counts, lymphocyte stimulation indices and CD8 quantum dot assays), glucose and lipid metabolism, beta cell function (by mixed-meal test), gut microbiota and faecal SCFA. The data was collected at the Amsterdam University Medical Centers. RESULTS All 30 participants were analysed. Faecal butyrate and propionate levels were significantly affected by oral butyrate supplementation and butyrate treatment was safe. However, this modulation of intestinal SCFAs did not result in any significant changes in adaptive or innate immunity, or in any of the other outcome variables. In our discussion, we elaborate on this important discrepancy with previous animal work. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Oral butyrate supplementation does not significantly affect innate or adaptive immunity in humans with longstanding type 1 diabetes. TRIAL REGISTRATION Netherlands Trial Register: NL4832 (www.trialregister.nl). DATA AVAILABILITY Raw sequencing data are available in the European Nucleotide Archive repository (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browse) under study PRJEB30292. FUNDING The study was funded by a Le Ducq consortium grant, a CVON grant, a personal ZONMW-VIDI grant and a Dutch Heart Foundation grant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter F de Groot
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Room D3-316, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Tatjana Nikolic
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sultan Imangaliyev
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Room D3-316, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Siroon Bekkering
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Room D3-316, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gaby Duinkerken
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Fleur M Keij
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hilde Herrema
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Room D3-316, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maaike Winkelmeijer
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Room D3-316, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey Kroon
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Room D3-316, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Evgeni Levin
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Room D3-316, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Barbara Hutten
- Department of Epidemiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elles M Kemper
- Clinical Pharmacy, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Suat Simsek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Alkmaar Medical Center (MCA), Alkmaar, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes H M Levels
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Room D3-316, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Flora A van Hoorn
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Room D3-316, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Renuka Bindraban
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Room D3-316, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alicia Berkvens
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Room D3-316, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Geesje M Dallinga-Thie
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Room D3-316, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mark Davids
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Room D3-316, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Frits Holleman
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Room D3-316, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joost B L Hoekstra
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Room D3-316, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erik S G Stroes
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Room D3-316, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mihai Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department for Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniël H van Raalte
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Room D3-316, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bart O Roep
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Diabetes Immunology, Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute at the Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Room D3-316, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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11
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de Groot P, Scheithauer T, Bakker GJ, Prodan A, Levin E, Khan MT, Herrema H, Ackermans M, Serlie MJM, de Brauw M, Levels JHM, Sales A, Gerdes VE, Ståhlman M, Schimmel AWM, Dallinga-Thie G, Bergman JJGHM, Holleman F, Hoekstra JBL, Groen A, Bäckhed F, Nieuwdorp M. Donor metabolic characteristics drive effects of faecal microbiota transplantation on recipient insulin sensitivity, energy expenditure and intestinal transit time. Gut 2020; 69:502-512. [PMID: 31147381 PMCID: PMC7034343 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bariatric surgery improves glucose metabolism. Recent data suggest that faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) using faeces from postbariatric surgery diet-induced obese mice in germ-free mice improves glucose metabolism and intestinal homeostasis. We here investigated whether allogenic FMT using faeces from post-Roux-en-Y gastric bypass donors (RYGB-D) compared with using faeces from metabolic syndrome donors (METS-D) has short-term effects on glucose metabolism, intestinal transit time and adipose tissue inflammation in treatment-naïve, obese, insulin-resistant male subjects. DESIGN Subjects with metabolic syndrome (n=22) received allogenic FMT either from RYGB-D or METS-D. Hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity as well as lipolysis were measured at baseline and 2 weeks after FMT by hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic stable isotope (2H2-glucose and 2H5-glycerol) clamp. Secondary outcome parameters were changes in resting energy expenditure, intestinal transit time, faecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and bile acids, and inflammatory markers in subcutaneous adipose tissue related to intestinal microbiota composition. Faecal SCFA, bile acids, glycaemic control and inflammatory parameters were also evaluated at 8 weeks. RESULTS We observed a significant decrease in insulin sensitivity 2 weeks after allogenic METS-D FMT (median rate of glucose disappearance: from 40.6 to 34.0 µmol/kg/min; p<0.01). Moreover, a trend (p=0.052) towards faster intestinal transit time following RYGB-D FMT was seen. Finally, we observed changes in faecal bile acids (increased lithocholic, deoxycholic and (iso)lithocholic acid after METS-D FMT), inflammatory markers (decreased adipose tissue chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) gene expression and plasma CCL2 after RYGB-D FMT) and changes in several intestinal microbiota taxa. CONCLUSION Allogenic FMT using METS-D decreases insulin sensitivity in metabolic syndrome recipients when compared with using post-RYGB-D. Further research is needed to delineate the role of donor characteristics in FMT efficacy in human insulin-resistant subjects. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NTR4327.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter de Groot
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Torsten Scheithauer
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Guido J Bakker
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrei Prodan
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Evgeni Levin
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Muhammad Tanweer Khan
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborgs Universitet, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hilde Herrema
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mariette Ackermans
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mireille J M Serlie
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maurits de Brauw
- Department of Surgery, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes H M Levels
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amber Sales
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Victor E Gerdes
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcus Ståhlman
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborgs Universitet, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alinda W M Schimmel
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geesje Dallinga-Thie
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacques JGHM Bergman
- Department of Gastroenterology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frits Holleman
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost B L Hoekstra
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Groen
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Goteborgs Universitet, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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12
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Donkers JM, Roscam Abbing RLP, van Weeghel M, Levels JHM, Boelen A, Schinkel AH, Oude Elferink RPJ, van de Graaf SFJ. Inhibition of Hepatic Bile Acid Uptake by Myrcludex B Promotes Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Release and Reduces Obesity. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 10:451-466. [PMID: 32330730 PMCID: PMC7363705 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2020.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Bile acids are important metabolic signaling molecules. Bile acid receptor activation promotes body weight loss and improves glycemic control. The incretin hormone GLP-1 and thyroid hormone activation of T4 to T3 have been suggested as important contributors. Here, we identify the hepatic bile acid uptake transporter Na+ taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) as target to prolong postprandial bile acid signaling. METHODS Organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP)1a/1b KO mice with or without reconstitution with human OATP1B1 in the liver were treated with the NTCP inhibitor Myrcludex B for 3.5 weeks after the onset of obesity induced by high fat diet-feeding. Furthermore, radiolabeled T4 was injected to determine the role of NTCP and OATPs in thyroid hormone clearance from plasma. RESULTS Inhibition of NTCP by Myrcludex B in obese Oatp1a/1b KO mice inhibited hepatic clearance of bile acids from portal and systemic blood, stimulated GLP-1 secretion, reduced body weight, and decreased (hepatic) adiposity. NTCP inhibition did not affect hepatic T4 uptake nor lead to increased thyroid hormone activation. Myrcludex B treatment increased fecal energy output, explaining body weight reductions amongst unaltered food intake and energy expenditure. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacologically targeting hepatic bile acid uptake to increase bile acid signaling is a novel approach to treat obesity and induce GLP1- secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne M Donkers
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Reinout L P Roscam Abbing
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes H M Levels
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anita Boelen
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alfred H Schinkel
- Division of Pharmacology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ronald P J Oude Elferink
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stan F J van de Graaf
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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13
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van den Boogert MAW, Larsen LE, Ali L, Kuil SD, Chong PLW, Loregger A, Kroon J, Schnitzler JG, Schimmel AWM, Peter J, Levels JHM, Steenbergen G, Morava E, Dallinga-Thie GM, Wevers RA, Kuivenhoven JA, Hand NJ, Zelcer N, Rader DJ, Stroes ESG, Lefeber DJ, Holleboom AG. N-Glycosylation Defects in Humans Lower Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Through Increased Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Expression. Circulation 2019; 140:280-292. [PMID: 31117816 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.118.036484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of protein glycosylation in regulating lipid metabolism is becoming increasingly apparent. We set out to further investigate this by studying patients with type I congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs) with defective N-glycosylation. METHODS We studied 29 patients with the 2 most prevalent types of type I CDG, ALG6 (asparagine-linked glycosylation protein 6)-deficiency CDG and PMM2 (phosphomannomutase 2)-deficiency CDG, and 23 first- and second-degree relatives with a heterozygous mutation and measured plasma cholesterol levels. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) metabolism was studied in 3 cell models-gene silencing in HepG2 cells, patient fibroblasts, and patient hepatocyte-like cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells-by measuring apolipoprotein B production and secretion, LDL receptor expression and membrane abundance, and LDL particle uptake. Furthermore, SREBP2 (sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2) protein expression and activation and endoplasmic reticulum stress markers were studied. RESULTS We report hypobetalipoproteinemia (LDL cholesterol [LDL-C] and apolipoprotein B below the fifth percentile) in a large cohort of patients with type I CDG (mean age, 9 years), together with reduced LDL-C and apolipoprotein B in clinically unaffected heterozygous relatives (mean age, 46 years), compared with 2 separate sets of age- and sex-matched control subjects. ALG6 and PMM2 deficiency led to markedly increased LDL uptake as a result of increased cell surface LDL receptor abundance. Mechanistically, this outcome was driven by increased SREBP2 protein expression accompanied by amplified target gene expression, resulting in higher LDL receptor protein levels. Endoplasmic reticulum stress was not found to be a major mediator. CONCLUSIONS Our study establishes N-glycosylation as an important regulator of LDL metabolism. Given that LDL-C was also reduced in a group of clinically unaffected heterozygotes, we propose that increasing LDL receptor-mediated cholesterol clearance by targeting N-glycosylation in the LDL pathway may represent a novel therapeutic strategy to reduce LDL-C and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein A W van den Boogert
- Departments of Vascular Medicine (M.A.W.v.d.B., J.K., G.M.D.-T., E.S.G.S., A.G.H.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, The Netherlands.,Experimental Vascular Medicine (M.A.W.v.d.B., L.E.L., L.A., P.L.W.C., J.K., J.G.S., A.W.M.S., J.P., J.H.M.L., G.M.D.-T.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, The Netherlands
| | - Lars E Larsen
- Experimental Vascular Medicine (M.A.W.v.d.B., L.E.L., L.A., P.L.W.C., J.K., J.G.S., A.W.M.S., J.P., J.H.M.L., G.M.D.-T.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, The Netherlands.,Department of Genetics and Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (L.E.L., P.L.W.C., N.J.H., D.J.R.)
| | - Lubna Ali
- Experimental Vascular Medicine (M.A.W.v.d.B., L.E.L., L.A., P.L.W.C., J.K., J.G.S., A.W.M.S., J.P., J.H.M.L., G.M.D.-T.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, The Netherlands
| | - Sacha D Kuil
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory (S.D.K., G.S., R.A.W., D.J.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick L W Chong
- Experimental Vascular Medicine (M.A.W.v.d.B., L.E.L., L.A., P.L.W.C., J.K., J.G.S., A.W.M.S., J.P., J.H.M.L., G.M.D.-T.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, The Netherlands.,Department of Genetics and Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (L.E.L., P.L.W.C., N.J.H., D.J.R.)
| | - Anke Loregger
- Medical Biochemistry (A.L., N.Z.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey Kroon
- Departments of Vascular Medicine (M.A.W.v.d.B., J.K., G.M.D.-T., E.S.G.S., A.G.H.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, The Netherlands.,Experimental Vascular Medicine (M.A.W.v.d.B., L.E.L., L.A., P.L.W.C., J.K., J.G.S., A.W.M.S., J.P., J.H.M.L., G.M.D.-T.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, The Netherlands
| | - Johan G Schnitzler
- Experimental Vascular Medicine (M.A.W.v.d.B., L.E.L., L.A., P.L.W.C., J.K., J.G.S., A.W.M.S., J.P., J.H.M.L., G.M.D.-T.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, The Netherlands
| | - Alinda W M Schimmel
- Experimental Vascular Medicine (M.A.W.v.d.B., L.E.L., L.A., P.L.W.C., J.K., J.G.S., A.W.M.S., J.P., J.H.M.L., G.M.D.-T.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, The Netherlands
| | - Jorge Peter
- Experimental Vascular Medicine (M.A.W.v.d.B., L.E.L., L.A., P.L.W.C., J.K., J.G.S., A.W.M.S., J.P., J.H.M.L., G.M.D.-T.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes H M Levels
- Experimental Vascular Medicine (M.A.W.v.d.B., L.E.L., L.A., P.L.W.C., J.K., J.G.S., A.W.M.S., J.P., J.H.M.L., G.M.D.-T.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, The Netherlands
| | - Gerry Steenbergen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory (S.D.K., G.S., R.A.W., D.J.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Morava
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (E.M.)
| | - Geesje M Dallinga-Thie
- Departments of Vascular Medicine (M.A.W.v.d.B., J.K., G.M.D.-T., E.S.G.S., A.G.H.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, The Netherlands.,Experimental Vascular Medicine (M.A.W.v.d.B., L.E.L., L.A., P.L.W.C., J.K., J.G.S., A.W.M.S., J.P., J.H.M.L., G.M.D.-T.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, The Netherlands
| | - Ron A Wevers
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory (S.D.K., G.S., R.A.W., D.J.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Albert Kuivenhoven
- Department of Pediatrics, Section Molecular Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (J.A.K.)
| | - Nicholas J Hand
- Department of Genetics and Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (L.E.L., P.L.W.C., N.J.H., D.J.R.)
| | - Noam Zelcer
- Medical Biochemistry (A.L., N.Z.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Department of Genetics and Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (L.E.L., P.L.W.C., N.J.H., D.J.R.)
| | - Erik S G Stroes
- Departments of Vascular Medicine (M.A.W.v.d.B., J.K., G.M.D.-T., E.S.G.S., A.G.H.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk J Lefeber
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory (S.D.K., G.S., R.A.W., D.J.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology (D.J.L.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan G Holleboom
- Departments of Vascular Medicine (M.A.W.v.d.B., J.K., G.M.D.-T., E.S.G.S., A.G.H.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, The Netherlands
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14
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Neele AE, Gijbels MJJ, van der Velden S, Hoeksema MA, Boshuizen MCS, Prange KHM, Chen HJ, Van den Bossche J, van Roomen CPPA, Shami A, Levels JHM, Kroon J, Lucas T, Dimmeler S, Lutgens E, de Winther MPJ. Myeloid Kdm6b deficiency results in advanced atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2018; 275:156-165. [PMID: 29908485 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Atherosclerosis is a lipid-driven chronic inflammatory disorder of the arteries, and monocytes and macrophages play a central role in this process. Within the atherosclerotic lesion, macrophages can scavenge modified lipids and become the so-called foam cells. We previously reported that the epigenetic enzyme Kdm6b (also known as Jmjd3) controls the pro-fibrotic transcriptional profile of peritoneal foam cells. Given the importance of these cells in atherosclerosis, we now studied the effect of myeloid Kdm6b on disease progression. METHODS Bone marrow of myeloid Kdm6b deficient (Kdm6bdel) mice or wild type littermates (Kdm6bwt) was transplanted to lethally irradiated Ldlr-/- mice fed a high fat diet for 9 weeks to induce atherosclerosis. RESULTS Lesion size was similar in Kdm6bwt and Kdm6bdel transplanted mice. However, lesions of Kdm6bdel mice contained more collagen and were more necrotic. Pathway analysis on peritoneal foam cells showed that the pathway involved in leukocyte chemotaxis was most significantly upregulated. Although macrophage and neutrophil content was similar after 9 weeks of high fat diet feeding, the relative increase in collagen content and necrosis revealed that atherosclerotic lesions in Kdm6bdel mice progress faster. CONCLUSION Myeloid Kdm6b deficiency results in more advanced atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette E Neele
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Marion J J Gijbels
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Department of Molecular Genetics, CARIM, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia van der Velden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marten A Hoeksema
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke C S Boshuizen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Koen H M Prange
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hung-Jen Chen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Van den Bossche
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cindy P P A van Roomen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annelie Shami
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes H M Levels
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey Kroon
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tina Lucas
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Mein, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Mein, Germany
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Pettenkoferstrasse 9, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Menno P J de Winther
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians University, Pettenkoferstrasse 9, 80336, Munich, Germany.
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15
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Fedoseienko A, Wijers M, Wolters JC, Dekker D, Smit M, Huijkman N, Kloosterhuis N, Klug H, Schepers A, Willems van Dijk K, Levels JHM, Billadeau DD, Hofker MH, van Deursen J, Westerterp M, Burstein E, Kuivenhoven JA, van de Sluis B. The COMMD Family Regulates Plasma LDL Levels and Attenuates Atherosclerosis Through Stabilizing the CCC Complex in Endosomal LDLR Trafficking. Circ Res 2018; 122:1648-1660. [PMID: 29545368 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.312004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE COMMD (copper metabolism MURR1 domain)-containing proteins are a part of the CCC (COMMD-CCDC22 [coiled-coil domain containing 22]-CCDC93 [coiled-coil domain containing 93]) complex facilitating endosomal trafficking of cell surface receptors. Hepatic COMMD1 inactivation decreases CCDC22 and CCDC93 protein levels, impairs the recycling of the LDLR (low-density lipoprotein receptor), and increases plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in mice. However, whether any of the other COMMD members function similarly as COMMD1 and whether perturbation in the CCC complex promotes atherogenesis remain unclear. OBJECTIVE The main aim of this study is to unravel the contribution of evolutionarily conserved COMMD proteins to plasma lipoprotein levels and atherogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS Using liver-specific Commd1, Commd6, or Commd9 knockout mice, we investigated the relation between the COMMD proteins in the regulation of plasma cholesterol levels. Combining biochemical and quantitative targeted proteomic approaches, we found that hepatic COMMD1, COMMD6, or COMMD9 deficiency resulted in massive reduction in the protein levels of all 10 COMMDs. This decrease in COMMD protein levels coincided with destabilizing of the core (CCDC22, CCDC93, and chromosome 16 open reading frame 62 [C16orf62]) of the CCC complex, reduced cell surface levels of LDLR and LRP1 (LDLR-related protein 1), followed by increased plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. To assess the direct contribution of the CCC core in the regulation of plasma cholesterol levels, Ccdc22 was deleted in mouse livers via CRISPR/Cas9-mediated somatic gene editing. CCDC22 deficiency also destabilized the complete CCC complex and resulted in elevated plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Finally, we found that hepatic disruption of the CCC complex exacerbates dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis in ApoE3*Leiden mice. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these findings demonstrate a strong interrelationship between COMMD proteins and the core of the CCC complex in endosomal LDLR trafficking. Hepatic disruption of either of these CCC components causes hypercholesterolemia and exacerbates atherosclerosis. Our results indicate that not only COMMD1 but all other COMMDs and CCC components may be potential targets for modulating plasma lipid levels in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Fedoseienko
- From the Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Pediatrics (A.F., M. Wijers, J.C.W., D.D., M.S., N.H., N.K., M.H.H., M. Westerterp, J.A.K., B.v.d.S)
| | - Melinde Wijers
- From the Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Pediatrics (A.F., M. Wijers, J.C.W., D.D., M.S., N.H., N.K., M.H.H., M. Westerterp, J.A.K., B.v.d.S)
| | - Justina C Wolters
- From the Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Pediatrics (A.F., M. Wijers, J.C.W., D.D., M.S., N.H., N.K., M.H.H., M. Westerterp, J.A.K., B.v.d.S)
| | - Daphne Dekker
- From the Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Pediatrics (A.F., M. Wijers, J.C.W., D.D., M.S., N.H., N.K., M.H.H., M. Westerterp, J.A.K., B.v.d.S)
| | - Marieke Smit
- From the Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Pediatrics (A.F., M. Wijers, J.C.W., D.D., M.S., N.H., N.K., M.H.H., M. Westerterp, J.A.K., B.v.d.S)
| | - Nicolette Huijkman
- From the Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Pediatrics (A.F., M. Wijers, J.C.W., D.D., M.S., N.H., N.K., M.H.H., M. Westerterp, J.A.K., B.v.d.S)
| | - Niels Kloosterhuis
- From the Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Pediatrics (A.F., M. Wijers, J.C.W., D.D., M.S., N.H., N.K., M.H.H., M. Westerterp, J.A.K., B.v.d.S)
| | - Helene Klug
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; PolyQuant GmbH, Bad Abbach, Germany (H.K.)
| | - Aloys Schepers
- Monoclonal Antibody Core Facility and Research Group, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum, München, Germany (A.S.)
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Human Genetics (K.W.v.D.) and Department of Medicine (K.W.v.D.)
| | - Johannes H M Levels
- Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands; Department of Vascular and Experimental Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.H.M.L.)
| | - Daniel D Billadeau
- Division of Oncology Research, Department of Immunology and Biochemistry (D.D.B.)
| | - Marten H Hofker
- From the Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Pediatrics (A.F., M. Wijers, J.C.W., D.D., M.S., N.H., N.K., M.H.H., M. Westerterp, J.A.K., B.v.d.S)
| | - Jan van Deursen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine (J.v.D.).,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine (J.v.D.)
| | - Marit Westerterp
- From the Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Pediatrics (A.F., M. Wijers, J.C.W., D.D., M.S., N.H., N.K., M.H.H., M. Westerterp, J.A.K., B.v.d.S)
| | - Ezra Burstein
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (E.B.)
| | - Jan Albert Kuivenhoven
- From the Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Pediatrics (A.F., M. Wijers, J.C.W., D.D., M.S., N.H., N.K., M.H.H., M. Westerterp, J.A.K., B.v.d.S)
| | - Bart van de Sluis
- From the Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Pediatrics (A.F., M. Wijers, J.C.W., D.D., M.S., N.H., N.K., M.H.H., M. Westerterp, J.A.K., B.v.d.S) .,iPSC/CRISPR Center Groningen (B.v.d.S.)
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16
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Ljunggren SA, Levels JHM, Hovingh K, Holleboom AG, Vergeer M, Argyri L, Gkolfinopoulou C, Chroni A, Sierts JA, Kastelein JJ, Kuivenhoven JA, Lindahl M, Karlsson H. Lipoprotein profiles in human heterozygote carriers of a functional mutation P297S in scavenger receptor class B1. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2015; 1851:1587-95. [PMID: 26454245 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1) is an important HDL receptor involved in cholesterol uptake and efflux, but its physiological role in human lipoprotein metabolism is not fully understood. Heterozygous carriers of the SR-B1(P297S) mutation are characterized by increased HDL cholesterol levels, impaired cholesterol efflux from macrophages and attenuated adrenal function. Here, the composition and function of lipoproteins were studied in SR-B1(P297S) heterozygotes.Lipoproteins from six SR-B1(P297S) carriers and six family controls were investigated. HDL and LDL/VLDL were isolated by ultracentrifugation and proteins were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and identified by mass spectrometry. HDL antioxidant properties, paraoxonase 1 activities, apoA-I methionine oxidations and HDL cholesterol efflux capacity were assessed.Multivariate modeling separated carriers from controls based on lipoprotein composition. Protein analyses showed a significant enrichment of apoE in LDL/VLDL and of apoL-1 in HDL from heterozygotes compared to controls. The relative distribution of plasma apoE was increased in LDL and in lipid-free form. There were no significant differences in paraoxonase 1 activities, HDL antioxidant properties or HDL cholesterol efflux capacity but heterozygotes showed a significant increase of oxidized methionines in apoA-I.The SR-B1(P297S) mutation affects both HDL and LDL/VLDL protein compositions. The increase of apoE in carriers suggests a compensatory mechanism for attenuated SR-B1 mediated cholesterol uptake by HDL. Increased methionine oxidation may affect HDL function by reducing apoA-I binding to its targets. The results illustrate the complexity of lipoprotein metabolism that has to be taken into account in future therapeutic strategies aiming at targeting SR-B1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan A Ljunggren
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Johannes H M Levels
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Kees Hovingh
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Adriaan G Holleboom
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Menno Vergeer
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Letta Argyri
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece.
| | - Christina Gkolfinopoulou
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece.
| | - Angeliki Chroni
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece.
| | - Jeroen A Sierts
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - John J Kastelein
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Jan Albert Kuivenhoven
- Department of Pediatrics, section for Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Mats Lindahl
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Helen Karlsson
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
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17
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Ljunggren S, Levels JHM, Turkina MV, Sundberg S, Bochem AE, Hovingh K, Holleboom AG, Lindahl M, Kuivenhoven JA, Karlsson H. ApoA-I mutations, L202P and K131del, in HDL from heterozygotes with low HDL-C. Proteomics Clin Appl 2014; 8:241-50. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201300014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Ljunggren
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; Linköping University; Linköping Sweden
| | | | - Maria V. Turkina
- Division of Cell Biology; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; Linköping University; Linköping Sweden
| | - Sofie Sundberg
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; Linköping University; Linköping Sweden
| | - Andrea E. Bochem
- Department of Vascular Medicine; Academic Medical Centre; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Kees Hovingh
- Department of Vascular Medicine; Academic Medical Centre; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan G. Holleboom
- Department of Vascular Medicine; Academic Medical Centre; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Mats Lindahl
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; Linköping University; Linköping Sweden
| | - Jan Albert Kuivenhoven
- Department of Molecular Genetics; University Medical Center Groningen; University of Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Helen Karlsson
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; Linköping University; Linköping Sweden
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine; Heart Medical Centre; Linköping Sweden
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18
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Strang AC, Bisoendial RJ, Kootte RS, Schulte DM, Dallinga-Thie GM, Levels JHM, Kok M, Vos K, Tas SW, Tietge UJF, Müller N, Laudes M, Gerlag DM, Stroes ESG, Tak PP. Pro-atherogenic lipid changes and decreased hepatic LDL receptor expression by tocilizumab in rheumatoid arthritis. Atherosclerosis 2013; 229:174-81. [PMID: 23746537 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Blocking the interleukin-6 pathway by tocilizumab (TCZ) has been associated with changes in the lipoprotein profile, which could adversely impact cardiovascular (CV) risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In the present study, we addressed the effect of TCZ on lipoproteins in both fasting and non-fasting state in RA patients and tested the effect of TCZ on LDL receptor (LDLr) expression in vitro. METHODS Twenty patients with active RA and an inadequate response to TNF blockers received monthly TCZ intravenously. On week 0, 1 and 6 blood was drawn before and after an oral fat load, the lipid profiles and HDL antioxidative capacity were measured. Effects of TCZ on LDLr expression in transfected HepG2 cells were subjected. RESULTS After 6 weeks of TCZ, total cholesterol increased by 22% (4.8 ± 0.9 to 5.9 ± 1.3 mmol/L; p < 0.001), LDLc by 22% (3.0 ± 0.6 to 3.6 ± 0.8 mmol/L; p < 0.001) and HDLc by 17% (1.4 ± 0.4 to 1.7 ± 0.7 mmol/L; p < 0.016). Fasting triglycerides (TG) increased by 48% (1.0 ± 0.4 to 1.4 ± 0.8 mmol/L; p = 0.011), whereas postprandial incremental area under the curve TG increased by 62% (p = 0.002). Lipid changes were unrelated to the change in disease activity or inflammatory markers. No difference in HDL antioxidative capacity was found. In vitro, LDLr expression in cultured liver cells was significantly decreased following TCZ incubation (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS TCZ adversely impacts on both LDLc as well as fasting and postprandial TG in patients with RA. The changes in hepatic LDLr expression following TCZ imply that adverse lipid changes may be a direct hepatic effect of TCZ. The net effect of TCZ on CV-morbidity has to be confirmed in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aart C Strang
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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19
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Orsoni A, Saheb S, Levels JHM, Dallinga-Thie G, Atassi M, Bittar R, Robillard P, Bruckert E, Kontush A, Carrié A, Chapman MJ. LDL-apheresis depletes apoE-HDL and pre-β1-HDL in familial hypercholesterolemia: relevance to atheroprotection. J Lipid Res 2011; 52:2304-2313. [PMID: 21957200 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p016816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Subnormal HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and apolipoprotein (apo)AI levels are characteristic of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), reflecting perturbed intravascular metabolism with compositional anomalies in HDL particles, including apoE enrichment. Does LDL-apheresis, which reduces HDL-cholesterol, apoAI, and apoE by adsorption, induce selective changes in HDL subpopulations, with relevance to atheroprotection? Five HDL subpopulations were fractionated from pre- and post-LDL-apheresis plasmas of normotriglyceridemic FH subjects (n = 11) on regular LDL-apheresis (>2 years). Apheresis lowered both plasma apoE (-62%) and apoAI (-16%) levels, with preferential, genotype-independent reduction in apoE. The mass ratio of HDL2:HDL3 was lowered from ~1:1 to 0.72:1 by apheresis, reflecting selective removal of HDL2 mass (80% of total HDL adsorbed). Pre-LDL-apheresis, HDL2 subpopulations were markedly enriched in apoE, consistent with ~1 copy of apoE per 4 HDL particles. Large amounts (50-66%) of apoE-HDL were removed by apheresis, preferentially in the HDL2b subfraction (-50%); minor absolute amounts of apoE-HDL were removed from HDL3 subfractions. Furthermore, pre-β1-HDL particle levels were subnormal following removal (-53%) upon apheresis, suggesting that cellular cholesterol efflux may be defective in the immediate postapheresis period. In LDL-receptor (LDL-R) deficiency, LDL-apheresis may enhance flux through the reverse cholesterol transport pathway and equally attenuate potential biglycan-mediated deposition of apoE-HDL in the arterial matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexina Orsoni
- INSERM UMR-S939, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpetriere, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpetriere, Paris, France
| | - Samir Saheb
- Haemobiotherapy Unit, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpetriere, Paris, France
| | - Johannes H M Levels
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geesje Dallinga-Thie
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marielle Atassi
- Haemobiotherapy Unit, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpetriere, Paris, France
| | - Randa Bittar
- Metabolic Biochemistry, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpetriere, Paris, France
| | - Paul Robillard
- INSERM UMR-S939, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpetriere, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpetriere, Paris, France
| | - Eric Bruckert
- Endocrinology-Metabolism Service, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpetriere, Paris, France
| | - Anatol Kontush
- INSERM UMR-S939, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpetriere, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpetriere, Paris, France
| | - Alain Carrié
- INSERM UMR-S939, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpetriere, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpetriere, Paris, France; Molecular and Oncologic Endocrinology, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpetriere, Paris, France; and
| | - M John Chapman
- INSERM UMR-S939, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpetriere, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpetriere, Paris, France.
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20
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van Eijk IC, de Vries MK, Levels JHM, Peters MJL, Huizer EE, Dijkmans BAC, van der Horst-Bruinsma IE, Hazenberg BPC, van de Stadt RJ, Wolbink GJ, Nurmohamed MT. Improvement of lipid profile is accompanied by atheroprotective alterations in high-density lipoprotein composition upon tumor necrosis factor blockade: a prospective cohort study in ankylosing spondylitis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 60:1324-30. [PMID: 19404933 DOI: 10.1002/art.24492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiovascular mortality is increased in ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and inflammation plays an important role. Inflammation deteriorates the lipid profile and alters high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) composition, reflected by increased concentrations of serum amyloid A (SAA) within the particle. Anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) treatment may improve these parameters. We therefore undertook the present study to investigate the effects of etanercept on lipid profile and HDL composition in AS. METHODS In 92 AS patients, lipid levels and their association with the inflammation markers C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and SAA were evaluated serially during 3 months of etanercept treatment. HDL composition and its relationship to inflammation markers was determined in a subgroup of patients, using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight analysis. RESULTS With anti-TNF treatment, levels of all parameters of inflammation decreased significantly, whereas total cholesterol, HDL-c, and apolipoprotein A-I (Apo A-I) levels increased significantly. This resulted in a better total cholesterol:HDL-c ratio (from 3.9 to 3.7) (although the difference was not statistically significant), and an improved Apo B:Apo A-I ratio, which decreased by 7.5% over time (P=0.008). In general, increases in levels of all lipid parameters were associated with reductions in inflammatory activity. In addition, SAA was present at high levels within HDL particles from AS patients with increased CRP levels and disappeared during treatment, in parallel with declining plasma levels of SAA. CONCLUSION Our results show for the first time that during anti-TNF therapy for AS, along with favorable changes in the lipid profile, HDL composition is actually altered whereby SAA disappears from the HDL particle, increasing its atheroprotective ability. These findings demonstrate the importance of understanding the role of functional characteristics of HDL-c in cardiovascular diseases related to chronic inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- I C van Eijk
- Jan van Breemen Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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21
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Vrins CLJ, van der Velde AE, van den Oever K, Levels JHM, Huet S, Oude Elferink RPJ, Kuipers F, Groen AK. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta activation leads to increased transintestinal cholesterol efflux. J Lipid Res 2009; 50:2046-54. [PMID: 19439761 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m800579-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARdelta) is involved in regulation of energy homeostasis. Activation of PPARdelta markedly increases fecal neutral sterol secretion, the last step in reverse cholesterol transport. This phenomenon can neither be explained by increased hepatobiliary cholesterol secretion, nor by reduced cholesterol absorption. To test the hypothesis that PPARdelta activation leads to stimulation of transintestinal cholesterol efflux (TICE), we quantified it by intestine perfusions in FVB mice treated with PPARdelta agonist GW610742. To exclude the effects on cholesterol absorption, mice were also treated with cholesterol absorption inhibitor ezetimibe or ezetimibe/GW610742. GW601742 treatment had little effect on plasma lipid levels but stimulated both fecal neutral sterol excretion ( approximately 200%) and TICE ( approximately 100%). GW610742 decreased intestinal Npc1l1 expression but had no effect on Abcg5/Abcg8. Interestingly, expression of Rab9 and LIMPII, encoding proteins involved in intracellular cholesterol trafficking, was increased upon PPARdelta activation. Although treatment with ezetimibe alone had no effect on TICE, it reduced the effect of GW610742 on TICE. These data show that activation of PPARdelta stimulates fecal cholesterol excretion in mice, primarily by the two-fold increase in TICE, indicating that this pathway provides an interesting target for the development of drugs aiming at the prevention of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos L J Vrins
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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22
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van Leuven SI, Birjmohun RS, Franssen R, Bisoendial RJ, de Kort H, Levels JHM, Basser RL, Meijers JCM, Kuivenhoven JA, Kastelein JJ, Stroes ES. ApoAI-phosphatidylcholine infusion neutralizes the atherothrombotic effects of C-reactive protein in humans. J Thromb Haemost 2009; 7:347-54. [PMID: 18983488 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2008.03175.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-density lipoprotein (HDL) exerts a variety of anti-atherothrombotic functions, including a potent anti-inflammatory impact. In line, the direct pro-inflammatory effects of C-reactive protein (CRP) can be attenuated by HDL in vitro. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether this also holds true in humans, we assessed the ability of reconstituted HDL to neutralize CRP-mediated activation of coagulation and inflammation. METHODS Fifteen healthy male volunteers received an infusion of recombinant human (rh)CRP (1.25 mg kg(-1) body weight). In eight of these volunteers, an infusion of human apoAI reconstituted with phosphatidylcholine (apoAI-PC; 80 mg kg(-1) body weight) preceded rhCRP infusion. RESULTS Infusion of rhCRP alone elicited an inflammatory response and thrombin generation. In individuals who received apoAI-PC prior to rhCRP, these effects were abolished. Parallel tests in primary human endothelial cells showed that apoAI-PC preincubation with rhCRP abolished the CRP-mediated activation of inflammation as assessed by IL-6 release. Although we were able to show that rhCRP co-eluted with HDL after size-exclusion chromatography, plasmon surface resonance indicated the absence of a direct interaction between HDL and CRP. CONCLUSION Infusion of apoAI-PC prior to rhCRP in humans completely prevents the direct atherothrombotic effects of rhCRP. These findings imply that administration of apoAI-PC may offer benefit in patients with increased CRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S I van Leuven
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Zuurbier CJ, Hoek FJ, van Dijk J, Abeling NG, Meijers JCM, Levels JHM, de Jonge E, de Mol BA, Van Wezel HB. Perioperative hyperinsulinaemic normoglycaemic clamp causes hypolipidaemia after coronary artery surgery. Br J Anaesth 2008; 100:442-50. [PMID: 18305079 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aen018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK) administration is advocated on the premise of preventing hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia during reperfusion after cardiac interventions. Current research has focused on hyperglycaemia, largely ignoring lipids, or other substrates. The present study examines lipids and other substrates during and after on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and how they are affected by a hyperinsulinaemic normoglycaemic clamp. METHODS Forty-four patients were randomized to a control group (n=21) or to a GIK group (n=23) receiving a hyperinsulinaemic normoglycaemic clamp during 26 h. Plasma levels of free fatty acid (FFA), total and lipoprotein (VLDL, HDL, and LDL)-triglycerides (TG), ketone bodies, and lactate were determined. RESULTS In the control group, mean FFA peaked at 0.76 (sem 0.05) mmol litre(-1) at early reperfusion and decreased to 0.3-0.5 mmol litre(-1) during the remaining part of the study. GIK decreased FFA levels to 0.38 (0.05) mmol litre(-1) at early reperfusion, and to low concentrations of 0.10 (0.01) mmol litre(-1) during the hyperinsulinaemic clamp. GIK reduced the area under the curve (AUC) for FFA by 75% and for TG by 53%. The reduction in total TG was reflected by a reduction in the VLDL (-54% AUC) and HDL (-42% AUC) fraction, but not in the LDL fraction. GIK prevented the increase in ketone bodies after reperfusion (-44 to -47% AUC), but was without effect on lactate levels. CONCLUSIONS Mild hyperlipidaemia was only observed during early reperfusion (before heparin reversal) and the hyperinsulinaemic normoglycaemic clamp actually resulted in hypolipidaemia during the largest part of reperfusion after cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Zuurbier
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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25
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Levels JHM, Pajkrt D, Schultz M, Hoek FJ, van Tol A, Meijers JCM, van Deventer SJH. Alterations in lipoprotein homeostasis during human experimental endotoxemia and clinical sepsis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2007; 1771:1429-38. [PMID: 17980169 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2007.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2007] [Revised: 09/17/2007] [Accepted: 10/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cell wall constituents of bacteria are potent endotoxins initiating inflammatory responses which may cause dramatic changes in lipid metabolism during the acute phase response. In this study, the sequential changes in lipoprotein composition and lipid transfer and binding proteins during clinical sepsis and during low-dose experimental endotoxemia were followed. In addition, the effect on (phospho)lipid homeostasis by administration of reconstituted HDL (rHDL) prior to low-dose LPS administration was investigated. Changes in (apo)lipoprotein concentrations typical of the acute phase response were observed during clinical sepsis and experimental endotoxemia with and without the rHDL intervention. During clinical sepsis negative correlations between the acute phase marker C-reactive protein (CRP) and lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and cholesterylester transfer protein (CETP) activities were seen, whereas positive correlations between plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) activity and acute phase markers such as CRP and LPS binding protein were observed. Plasma lipid changes upon rHDL/LPS infusion were comparable with the control group (low-dose LPS only). PLTP activity decreased upon LPS infusion and transiently increased during rHDL infusion, whereas LCAT activity slightly decreased upon both LPS infusion and LPS/rHDL infusion. However, long-lasting increases of circulating HDL cholesterol, apo A-I and a high initial processing of both phosphatidylcholine (PC) and lyso-PC, were indicative for extensive rHDL and LDL remodelling. Both sepsis and experimental endotoxemia lead to a disbalance of lipid homeostasis. Depending on the magnitude of the inflammatory stimulus, LCAT and PLTP activities reacted in divergent ways. rHDL infusion did not prevent the lipid alterations seen during the acute phase response. However profound changes in both HDL and LDL phospholipid composition occurred upon rHDL infusion. This may be explained, at least in part, by the fact that PLTP as a positive acute phase protein, can accelerate the alterations in (phospho)lipid homeostasis thereby playing a role in the attenuation of the acute phase response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes H M Levels
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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26
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Birjmohun RS, van Leuven SI, Levels JHM, van 't Veer C, Kuivenhoven JA, Meijers JCM, Levi M, Kastelein JJP, van der Poll T, Stroes ESG. High-Density Lipoprotein Attenuates Inflammation and Coagulation Response on Endotoxin Challenge in Humans. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2007; 27:1153-8. [PMID: 17303780 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.106.136325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is a strong independent cardiovascular risk factor, which has been attributed to its role in reverse cholesterol transport. Whereas HDL also has potent antiinflammatory effects, the relevance of this property remains to be established in humans. In the present study, we evaluated whether there is a relation between HDL and sensitivity toward a low-dose endotoxin challenge. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirteen healthy men with genetically determined isolated low HDL cholesterol (averaging 0.7+/-0.1 mmol/L) and 14 age- and body weight-matched healthy men with normal/high HDL cholesterol levels (1.9+/-0.4 mmol/L) were challenged with low-dose endotoxin intravenously (1 ng/kg body weight). The incidence and severity of endotoxin-associated clinical symptoms was increased in the low HDL group. Accordingly, both the inflammatory response (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) as well as thrombin generation (prothrombin activation fragments F(1+2)) were significantly increased in the low HDL group on endotoxin challenge. CONCLUSIONS Low HDL in healthy males is associated with increased sensitivity toward inflammatory stimuli as reflected by enhanced inflammatory and coagulation responses on endotoxin challenge. These antiinflammatory effects of HDL in humans may lend further support to HDL-increasing interventions, particularly in proinflammatory conditions, such as acute coronary syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh S Birjmohun
- Academic Medical Center of Amsterdam, Department of Vascular Medicine, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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27
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Bisoendial RJ, Kastelein JJP, Peters SLM, Levels JHM, Birjmohun R, Rotmans JI, Hartman D, Meijers JCM, Levi M, Stroes ESG. Effects of CRP infusion on endothelial function and coagulation in normocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic subjects. J Lipid Res 2007; 48:952-60. [PMID: 17259597 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p600014-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) has been suggested to exert direct adverse effects on the vasculature in experimental setups, including endothelial dysfunction and proinflammatory changes. Here, we assessed the consequences of 1.25 mg/kg highly purified recombinant human CRP, administered as an intravenous bolus, in six patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and six normocholesterolemic subjects. Endothelium-dependent and -independent vasoreactivity to serotonin and nitroprusside, respectively, were assessed using venous occlusion plethysmography before and after CRP infusion. For biochemical analyses, blood was drawn at different time points. At baseline, FH patients showed blunted endothelium-dependent vasodilation (maximum, 89.2 +/- 30.0% vs. 117.7 +/- 13.1% in normolipidemic subjects; P = 0.037). Procoagulant activity was also higher in FH patients, illustrated by increased prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F(1+2)) levels (P = 0.030) and plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) activity (P = 0.016). Upon CRP challenge, endothelium-dependent vasodilator capacity further deteriorated in FH patients (P = 0.029), whereas no change in vascular reactivity was observed in normolipidemic subjects. Additionally, coagulation activation was augmented in FH patients compared with normolipidemic subjects (P = 0.009 for F(1+2) levels; P = 0.018 and P = 0.003 for PAI-1 antigen and activity, respectively). No difference in inflammatory responses was observed between groups. In hypercholesterolemic patients, CRP aggravates endothelial dysfunction and also evokes augmented procoagulant responses. These findings suggest that particularly in hypercholesterolemia, CRP-lowering strategies should be considered in addition to LDL reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radjesh J Bisoendial
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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28
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van der Steeg WA, Hovingh GK, Klerkx AHEM, Hutten BA, Nootenboom IC, Levels JHM, van Tol A, Dallinga-Thie GM, Zwinderman AH, Kastelein JJP, Kuivenhoven JA. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein and hyperalphalipoproteinemia in Caucasians. J Lipid Res 2007; 48:674-82. [PMID: 17192423 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m600405-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is unclear whether cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) contributes to high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in hyperalphalipoproteinemia (HALP) in Caucasians. Moreover, even less is known about the effects of hereditary CETP deficiency in non-Japanese. We studied 95 unrelated Caucasian individuals with HALP. No correlations between CETP concentration or activity and HDL-C were identified. Screening for CETP gene defects led to the identification of heterozygosity for a novel splice site mutation in one individual. Twenty-five heterozygotes for this mutation showed reduced CETP concentration (-40%) and activity (-50%) and a 35% increase of HDL-C compared with family controls. The heterozygotes presented with an isolated high HDL-C, whereas the remaining subjects exhibited a typical high HDL-C/low-triglyceride phenotype. The increase of HDL-C in the CETP-deficient heterozygotes was primarily attributable to increased high density lipoprotein containing apolipoprotein A-I and A-II (LpAI:AII) levels, contrasting with an increase in both high density lipoprotein containing apolipoprotein A-I only and LpAI:AII in the other group. This study suggests the absence of a relationship between CETP and HDL-C levels in Caucasians with HALP. The data furthermore indicate that genetic CETP deficiency is rare among Caucasians and that this disorder presents with a phenotype that is different from that of subjects with HALP who have no mutation in the CETP gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wim A van der Steeg
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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29
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van der Sluijs KF, Nijhuis M, Levels JHM, Florquin S, Mellor AL, Jansen HM, van der Poll T, Lutter R. Influenza-induced expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase enhances interleukin-10 production and bacterial outgrowth during secondary pneumococcal pneumonia. J Infect Dis 2005; 193:214-22. [PMID: 16362885 DOI: 10.1086/498911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2005] [Accepted: 08/10/2005] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Airway infection with influenza virus induces local expression of the tryptophan-catabolizing enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which has been shown to enhance inflammatory mediator responses in vitro. Because secondary pneumococcal infections occurring shortly after recovery from influenza are associated with enhanced inflammatory responses, we hypothesized that IDO activity contributes to the enhanced response to bacterial challenges in mice previously infected with influenza virus. METHODS On day 14 after influenza virus infection (with strain A/PR/8/34), C57Bl/6 mice were intranasally inoculated with 1 x 10(4) colony-forming units of S. pneumoniae (serotype 3). Matrix-driven delivery pellets that contained 70 mg of the IDO inhibitor 1-methyl-DL-tryptophan (MeTrp) released over a period of 7 days were subcutaneously implanted 48 h before pneumococcal infection. RESULTS MeTrp treatment resulted in a 20-fold reduction in pneumococcal outgrowth 48 h after bacterial inoculation. Remarkably, pulmonary levels of interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were significantly reduced in mice treated with MeTrp. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that IDO expression during influenza virus infection alters the inflammatory response and facilitates the outgrowth of pneumococci during secondary bacterial pneumonia.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/cytology
- Delayed-Action Preparations/administration & dosage
- Delayed-Action Preparations/pharmacology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Enzyme Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Female
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/biosynthesis
- Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/metabolism
- Influenza A virus
- Interleukin-10/analysis
- Interleukin-10/biosynthesis
- Lung/immunology
- Lung/microbiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/complications
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/enzymology
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/immunology
- Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/etiology
- Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/immunology
- Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/microbiology
- Streptococcus pneumoniae/growth & development
- Streptococcus pneumoniae/immunology
- Survival Analysis
- Tryptophan/administration & dosage
- Tryptophan/analogs & derivatives
- Tryptophan/pharmacology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Koenraad F van der Sluijs
- Department of Pulmonology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Bisoendial RJ, Hovingh GK, El Harchaoui K, Levels JHM, Tsimikas S, Pu K, Zwinderman AE, Kuivenhoven JA, Kastelein JJP, Stroes ESG. Consequences of Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Inhibition in Patients With Familial Hypoalphalipoproteinemia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005; 25:e133-4. [PMID: 16127020 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.0000179009.60612.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Levels JHM, Marquart JA, Abraham PR, van den Ende AE, Molhuizen HOF, van Deventer SJH, Meijers JCM. Lipopolysaccharide is transferred from high-density to low-density lipoproteins by lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and phospholipid transfer protein. Infect Immun 2005; 73:2321-6. [PMID: 15784577 PMCID: PMC1087464 DOI: 10.1128/iai.73.4.2321-2326.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major outer membrane component of gram-negative bacteria, is a potent endotoxin that triggers cytokine-mediated systemic inflammatory responses in the host. Plasma lipoproteins are capable of LPS sequestration, thereby attenuating the host response to infection, but ensuing dyslipidemia severely compromises this host defense mechanism. We have recently reported that Escherichia coli J5 and Re595 LPS chemotypes that contain relatively short O-antigen polysaccharide side chains are efficiently redistributed from high-density lipoproteins (HDL) to other lipoprotein subclasses in normal human whole blood (ex vivo). In this study, we examined the role of the acute-phase proteins LPS-binding protein (LBP) and phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) in this process. By the use of isolated HDL containing fluorescent J5 LPS, the redistribution of endotoxin among the major lipoprotein subclasses in a model system was determined by gel permeation chromatography. The kinetics of LPS and lipid particle interactions were determined by using Biacore analysis. LBP and PLTP were found to transfer LPS from HDL predominantly to low-density lipoproteins (LDL), in a time- and dose-dependent manner, to induce remodeling of HDL into two subpopulations as a consequence of the LPS transfer and to enhance the steady-state association of LDL with HDL in a dose-dependent fashion. The presence of LPS on HDL further enhanced LBP-dependent interactions of LDL with HDL and increased the stability of the HDL-LDL complexes. We postulate that HDL remodeling induced by LBP- and PLTP-mediated LPS transfer may contribute to the plasma lipoprotein dyslipidemia characteristic of the acute-phase response to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H M Levels
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, G1-114, P.O. Box 22660, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Bisoendial RJ, Kastelein JJP, Levels JHM, Zwaginga JJ, van den Bogaard B, Reitsma PH, Meijers JCM, Hartman D, Levi M, Stroes ESG. Activation of inflammation and coagulation after infusion of C-reactive protein in humans. Circ Res 2005; 96:714-6. [PMID: 15774855 DOI: 10.1161/01.res.0000163015.67711.ab] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) has been postulated to play a causal part in atherosclerosis and its acute complications. We assessed the effects of CRP-infusion on coagulation and inflammatory pathways to determine its role in atherothrombotic disease. Seven male volunteers received an infusion on two occasions, containing 1.25 mg/kg recombinant human CRP (rhCRP) or diluent, respectively. CRP-concentrations rose after rhCRP-infusion from 1.9 (0.3 to 8.5) to 23.9 (20.5 to 28.1) mg/L, and subsequently both inflammation and coagulation were activated. This sequence of events suggests that CRP is not only a well known marker of cardiovascular disease, but is also probably a mediator of atherothrombotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radjesh J Bisoendial
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Hovingh GK, Brownlie A, Bisoendial RJ, Dube MP, Levels JHM, Petersen W, Dullaart RPF, Stroes ESG, Zwinderman AH, de Groot E, Hayden MR, Kuivenhoven JA, Kastelein JJP. A novel apoA-I mutation (L178P) leads to endothelial dysfunction, increased arterial wall thickness, and premature coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004; 44:1429-35. [PMID: 15464323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2004.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2004] [Revised: 06/02/2004] [Accepted: 06/22/2004] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the consequences of an apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) gene defect with regard to lipid metabolism, endothelial function, arterial wall thickness, and coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. BACKGROUND Due to limited numbers of carriers of the apoA-I defects, data on the consequences of such defects have remained inconclusive. METHODS Lipids and lipoproteins were measured in 54 apoA-I (L178P) carriers and 147 nonaffected siblings. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was assessed in 29 carriers and 45 noncarriers, and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) could be determined in 33 heterozygotes and 40 controls. Moreover, CAD risk was evaluated for all apoA-I mutation carriers. RESULTS Heterozygotes exhibited lower plasma levels of apoA-I (-50%; p < 0.0001) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-63%; p < 0.0001). In addition, carriers had impaired FMD (p = 0.012) and increased carotid IMT (p < 0.001), whereas multivariate analysis revealed that heterozygotes had a striking 24-fold increase in CAD risk (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Heterozygosity for a novel apoA-I mutation underlies a detrimental lipoprotein profile that is associated with endothelial dysfunction, accelerated carotid arterial wall thickening, and severely enhanced CAD risk. Importantly, the extent of atherosclerosis in these subjects was similar to the burden of premature arterial wall abnormalities seen in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia. These data illustrate the pivotal role in humans of apoA-I in the protection against CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kees Hovingh
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Bisoendial RJ, Hovingh GK, Levels JHM, Lerch PG, Andresen I, Hayden MR, Kastelein JJP, Stroes ESG. Restoration of endothelial function by increasing high-density lipoprotein in subjects with isolated low high-density lipoprotein. Circulation 2003; 107:2944-8. [PMID: 12771001 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.0000070934.69310.1a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss-of-function mutations in the ATP-binding cassette (ABCA)-1 gene locus are the underlying cause for familial hypoalphalipoproteinemia, providing a human isolated low-HDL model. In these familial hypoalphalipoproteinemia subjects, we evaluated the impact of isolated low HDL on endothelial function and the vascular effects of an acute increase in HDL. METHODS AND RESULTS In 9 ABCA1 heterozygotes and 9 control subjects, vascular function was assessed by venous occlusion plethysmography. Forearm blood flow responses to the endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilators serotonin (5HT) and sodium nitroprusside, respectively, and the inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase NG-monomethyl-l-arginine (L-NMMA) were measured. Dose-response curves were repeated after systemic infusion of apolipoprotein A-I/phosphatidylcholine (apoA-I/PC) disks. At baseline, ABCA1 heterozygotes had decreased HDL levels (0.4+/-0.2 mmol/L; P<0.05), and their forearm blood flow responses to both 5HT (maximum, 49.0+/-10.4%) and L-NMMA (maximum, -22.8+/-22.9%) were blunted compared with control subjects (both P< or =0.005). Infusion of apoA-I/PC disks increased plasma HDL to 1.3+/-0.4 mmol/L in ABCA1 heterozygotes, which resulted in complete restoration of vasomotor responses to both 5HT and L-NMMA (both P</=0.001). Endothelium-independent vasodilation remained unaltered throughout the protocol. CONCLUSIONS In ABCA1 heterozygotes, isolated low HDL is associated with endothelial dysfunction, attested to by impaired basal and stimulated NO bioactivity. Strikingly, both parameters were completely restored after a single, rapid infusion of apoA-I/PC. These findings indicate that in addition to its long-term role within reverse cholesterol transport, HDL per se also exerts direct beneficial effects on the arterial wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radjesh J Bisoendial
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Abstract
Lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a major cell wall component of gram-positive bacteria, is an amphipathic anionic glycolipid with structural similarities to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from gram-negative bacteria. LTA has been implicated as one of the primary immunostimulatory components that may trigger the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Plasma lipoproteins have been shown to sequester LPS, which results in attenuation of the host response to infection, but little is known about the LTA binding characteristics of plasma lipid particles. In this study, we have examined the LTA binding capacities and association kinetics of the major lipoprotein classes under simulated physiological conditions in human whole blood (ex vivo) by using biologically active, fluorescently labeled LTA and high-performance gel permeation chromatography. The average distribution of an LTA preparation from Staphylococcus aureus in whole blood from 10 human volunteers revealed that >95% of the LTA was associated with total plasma lipoproteins in the following proportions: high-density lipoprotein (HDL), 68% +/- 10%; low-density lipoprotein (LDL), 28% +/- 8%; and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), 4% +/- 5%. The saturation capacity of lipoproteins for LTA was in excess of 150 micro g/ml. The LTA distribution was temperature dependent, with an optimal binding between 22 and 37 degrees C. The binding of LTA by lipoproteins was essentially complete within 10 min and was followed by a subsequent redistribution from HDL and VLDL to LDL. We conclude that HDL has the highest binding capacity for LTA and propose that the loading and redistribution of LTA among plasma lipoproteins is a specific process that closely resembles that previously described for LPS (J. H. M. Levels, P. R. Abraham, A. van den Ende, and S. J. H. van Deventer, Infect. Immun. 68:2821-2828, 2001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes H M Levels
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Levels JHM, Lemaire LCJM, van den Ende AE, van Deventer SJH, van Lanschot JJB. Lipid composition and lipopolysaccharide binding capacity of lipoproteins in plasma and lymph of patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ failure. Crit Care Med 2003; 31:1647-53. [PMID: 12794399 DOI: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000063260.07222.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major glycolipid component of Gram-negative bacterial outer membranes, is a potent endotoxin responsible for many of the directly or indirectly induced symptoms of infection. Lipoproteins (in particular, high-density lipoproteins) sequester LPS, thereby acting as a humoral detoxification mechanism. PATIENTS Differences in the lipoprotein composition in human plasma and lymph of a control patient group (n = 5) without systemic inflammatory response syndrome (non-SIRS/MOF) and patients with SIRS and multiple organ failure (MOF, n = 9) were studied. The LPS binding capacity of the lipoproteins in SIRS/MOF and non-SIRS/MOF patients was investigated by rechallenge of the plasma and lymph with fluorescently labeled LPS ex vivo. The lipoprotein composition was analyzed using immunochemical techniques and high-performance gel permeation chromatography. RESULTS In the non-SIRS/MOF patient group, plasma and lymph levels of apolipoprotein A-I (600 and 450 mg/L, respectively), apolipoprotein B (440 and 280 mg/L, respectively), total cholesterol (2.88 and 1.05 mM, respectively), and total triglycerides (0.67 and 0.97 mM, respectively) were observed. In the SIRS/MOF group, a decrease of apolipoprotein A-I (-55% in plasma and lymph), a decrease of apolipoprotein B (-43% in plasma and -38% in lymph), and a decrease of total cholesterol levels (-54% in plasma and -37% in lymph) were demonstrated. However, the triglyceride levels in the SIRS/MOF group showed a 30% increase in plasma and a 47% decrease in lymph compared with the non-SIRS/MOF patients. In SIRS/MOF patients, a 2.8-fold increase in plasma and a 1.8-fold increase in lymph of the LPS low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein ratio was observed, indicating that the relative LPS binding capacity of the lipoproteins in the SIRS/MOF patient group showed a trend to be shifted mainly toward low-density lipoproteins. Furthermore, in plasma and lymph of four SIRS/MOF patients, a novel cholesterol-containing high-density lipoprotein-like particle was found that barely had LPS binding capacity (<5%). CONCLUSIONS In the SIRS/MOF patients, the changes in lipoprotein composition in lymph are a reflection of those in plasma, except for the triglyceride levels. In comparison with the non-SIRS/MOF patients, the SIRS/MOF patients show a shifted LPS binding capacity of high-density lipoproteins toward low-density lipoproteins in plasma and in lymph. Moreover, in plasma and lymph, novel cholesterol-containing particles, resembling high-density lipoprotein, were identified in the SIRS/MOF patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes H M Levels
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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van der Vliet HN, Schaap FG, Levels JHM, Ottenhoff R, Looije N, Wesseling JG, Groen AK, Chamuleau RAFM. Adenoviral overexpression of apolipoprotein A-V reduces serum levels of triglycerides and cholesterol in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; 295:1156-9. [PMID: 12135615 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(02)00808-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mice lacking ApoA-V, a novel HDL-associated apolipoprotein identified by our group and independently by Pennacchio et al. [Science 294 (2001) 169], were recently shown to be hypertriglyceridemic. To study the role of ApoA-V in triglyceride homeostasis, we compared lipid profiles in mice expressing normal and highly elevated levels of ApoA-V. For this purpose, adenoviral vectors expressing sense or antisense ApoA-V cDNA were constructed. Treatment of mice with sense adenoviral constructs resulted in circa 20-fold higher serum ApoA-V levels compared with mice injected with either PBS or antisense adenoviral constructs. ApoA-V overexpressing mice had markedly decreased (-70%) serum triglyceride levels caused primarily by lowered triglyceride content of the VLDL fraction. Furthermore, in these mice cholesterol levels were found to be lowered in all lipoprotein fractions with the largest mass decrease in the HDL fraction. This resulted in a 40% drop of serum cholesterol content. These findings suggest a role of ApoA-V in regulating levels of circulating triglycerides and cholesterol.
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