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Liu F, Chen S, Ming X, Li H, Zeng Z, Lv Y. Sortilin-induced lipid accumulation and atherogenesis are suppressed by HNF1b SUMOylation promoted by flavone of Polygonatum odoratum. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2023; 24:998-1013. [PMID: 37961802 PMCID: PMC10646395 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2200682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the impact of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β (HNF1b) on macrophage sortilin-mediated lipid metabolism and aortic atherosclerosis and explore the role of the flavone of Polygonatum odoratum (PAOA-flavone)-promoted small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) modification in the atheroprotective efficacy of HNF1b. HNF1b was predicted to be a transcriptional regulator of sortilin expression via bioinformatics, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation. HNF1b overexpression decreased sortilin expression and cellular lipid contents in THP-1 macrophages, leading to a depression in atherosclerotic plaque formation in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-deficient (LDLR-/-) mice. Multiple SUMO1-modified sites were identified on the HNF1b protein and co-immunoprecipitation confirmed its SUMO1 modification. The SUMOylation of HNF1b protein enhanced the HNF1b-inhibited effect on sortilin expression and reduced lipid contents in macrophages. PAOA-flavone treatment promoted SUMO-activating enzyme subunit 1 (SAE1) expression and SAE1-catalyzed SUMOylation of the HNF1b protein, which prevented sortilin-mediated lipid accumulation in macrophages and the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice. Interference with SAE1 abrogated the improvement in lipid metabolism in macrophage cells and atheroprotective efficacy in vivo upon PAOA-flavone administration. In summary, HNF1b transcriptionally suppressed sortilin expression and macrophage lipid accumulation to inhibit aortic lipid deposition and the development of atherosclerosis. This anti-atherosclerotic effect was enhanced by PAOA-flavone-facilitated, SAE1-catalyzed SUMOylation of the HNF1b protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Shirui Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Xinyue Ming
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Huijuan Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Zhaoming Zeng
- Hunan Mingshun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shaodong 422800, China. ,
| | - Yuncheng Lv
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China.
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Noflatscher M, Hunjadi M, Schreinlechner M, Sommer P, Lener D, Theurl M, Kirchmair R, Bauer A, Ritsch A, Marschang P. Inverse Correlation of Cholesterol Efflux Capacity with Peripheral Plaque Volume Measured by 3D Ultrasound. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1918. [PMID: 37509557 PMCID: PMC10376979 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a systemic multifocal illness called atherosclerosis that causes artery constriction and blockage. By causing cholesterol to build up in the artery wall, hypercholesterolemia is a major factor in the pathophysiology of atherosclerotic plaque development. Reverse cholesterol transport is the process of transporting cholesterol from the periphery back to the liver through cholesterol efflux mediated by high-density lipoprotein (HDL). It was suggested that the cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), which is inversely linked with cardiovascular risk, can serve as a stand-in measure for reverse cholesterol transport. In this work, we sought to investigate a potential link between the peripheral plaque volume (PV) and CEC. METHODS Since lipid-lowering therapy interferes with CEC, we performed a cross-sectional study of 176 patients (48.9% females) with one cardiovascular risk factor or known CVD that did not currently take lipid-lowering medication. CEC was determined using cAMP-treated 3H-cholesterol-labeled J774 cells. Cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP)-mediated cholesterol ester transfer was measured by quantifying the transfer of cholesterol ester from radiolabeled exogenous HDL cholesterol to Apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins. PV in the carotid and the femoral artery, defined as the total PV, was measured using a 3D ultrasound system equipped with semi-automatic software. RESULTS In our patients, we discovered an inverse relationship between high total PV and CEC (p = 0.027). However, there was no connection between total PV and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein (a), or CETP-mediated cholesterol ester transfer. CONCLUSION In patients not receiving lipid-lowering treatment, CEC inversely correlates with peripheral atherosclerosis, supporting its role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Noflatscher
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Monika Hunjadi
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Schreinlechner
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philip Sommer
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniela Lener
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus Theurl
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rudolf Kirchmair
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Axel Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Ritsch
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Peter Marschang
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine, Central Hospital of Bolzano (SABES-ASDAA), Via Lorenz Boehler 5, I-39100 Bolzano, Italy
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Sanz JM, D'Amuri A, Sergi D, Angelini S, Fortunato V, Favari E, Vigna G, Zuliani G, Dalla Nora E, Passaro A. Cholesterol efflux capacity is increased in subjects with familial hypercholesterolemia in a retrospective case-control study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8415. [PMID: 37225774 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35357-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) is characterized by an increase in Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) and by premature Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). However, it remains to be fully elucidated if FH impairs cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), and whether CEC is related to lipoprotein subfraction distribution. This study aimed at comparing FH patients and age, sex and BMI matched controls in terms of LDL and HDL subfraction distribution as well as CEC. Forty FH patients and 80 controls, matched for age, sex and BMI, were enrolled in this case-control study. LDL and HDL subfractions were analyzed using the Quantimetrix Lipoprint System. CEC was evaluated as aq-CEC and ABCA1-CEC. FH subjects showed a significantly higher concentration of all LDL subfractions, and a shift from large to small HDL subfraction pattern relative to controls. FH subjects with previous CVD event had smaller LDL lipoproteins than controls and FH subjects without previous CVD event. Both aq-CEC and ABCA1-CEC were increased in FH patients with respect to controls. To conclude, FH subjects had a metabolic profile characterized not only by higher LDL-C but also by shift from large to small HDL subfraction phenotype. However, FH subjects showed an increase CEC than controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juana Maria Sanz
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Andrea D'Amuri
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Via Aldo Moro, 8, 44124, Cona, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sharon Angelini
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valeria Fortunato
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elda Favari
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Viale delle Scienze 27/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vigna
- Medicina Generale, Ospedale di Trecenta, Via U. Grisetti, 265, 45027, Trecenta, RO, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zuliani
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Via Aldo Moro, 8, 44124, Cona, Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Edoardo Dalla Nora
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Via Aldo Moro, 8, 44124, Cona, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Angelina Passaro
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari, 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
- Research and Innovation Section, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Via Aldo Moro, 8, 44124, Cona, Ferrara, Italy.
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Ronca A, Pellegrini N, Pagliai G, Dinu M, Manfredini M, Incerti M, Favari E, Sofi F. Effects of a dietary intervention with Mediterranean vs lacto-ovo vegetarian diets on HDL function: Results from the CARDIVEG study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:651-658. [PMID: 36642608 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM HDL-cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) has been shown to be a better cardiovascular (CVD) risk marker than serum HDL concentration. Several foods and nutrients have been shown to improve HDL functions, however no effective dietetic nor pharmacological strategy is available to increase CEC. This study aims to evaluate the possible effect of Mediterranean diet (MD) and lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet (VD) on HDL function in a group of clinically healthy subjects at low-to-moderate CVD risk. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty apparently healthy subjects with a low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk profile (21 F; mean age: 51.3 ± 9.7 years) were randomly assigned to a 3-month MD or VD diet and then crossed. Participants on VD showed a reduction in total HDL CEC by 8.99% (p < 0.001) as well as a reduction in ABCA1 mediated-CEC by 18.62% (p < 0.001) compared to participants on MD. Regarding CEC mediated by aqueous diffusion, no significant changes were observed after treatment with either diet. Finally, a significant positive association between CEC mediated by the ABCA1 transporter and adiponectin was found (r = 0.462; p = 0.010). CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that HDL activity in promoting cholesterol efflux and thereby reducing the concentration of pro-atherogenic lipoproteins was more effective in participants undergoing MD than VD. Based on these findings, the MD could be considered a better therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular prevention than VD. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL http://www. CLINICALTRIALS gov. Unique identifier: NCT02641834.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Ronca
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Pellegrini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Giuditta Pagliai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Monica Dinu
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Manfredini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science, And Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Matteo Incerti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Elda Favari
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Francesco Sofi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Ganjali S, Mahdipour E, Aghaee-Bakhtiari SH, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Soflaei SS, Banach M, Kontush A, Sahebkar A. Compositional and functional properties of high-density lipoproteins in relation to coronary in-stent restenosis. Arch Med Sci 2023; 19:57-72. [PMID: 36817661 PMCID: PMC9897092 DOI: 10.5114/aoms/140728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In-stent restenosis (ISR) is an unfavorable outcome that occurs in patients after coronary stenting. Use of drugs such as statins as well as drug-eluting stents has only been partially effective in reducing the rate of ISR. Since low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration is a pivotal cardiovascular disease risk factor, this study aimed to evaluate the compositional and functional alterations of HDL in individuals with ISR. MATERIAL AND METHODS This case-control study included 21 ISR, 26 non-ISR (NISR), 16 angiography-negative, and 18 healthy subjects. Serum HDL2 (d: 1.063-1.125 g/ml) and HDL3 (d: 1.125-1.210 g/ml) subfractions were extracted from each subject using sequential ultracentrifugation. The capacity of HDL to efflux cellular cholesterol from lipid-loaded macrophages as well as to take up free cholesterol (FC) from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRLs) during lipolysis was assessed. RESULTS No difference was found in the HDL2 and HDL3 content of free cholesterol and total protein among the groups. The NISR group showed lower triglyceride content in HDL2 and higher phospholipid content in HDL3 relative to healthy subjects. Strong positive correlations were found between the cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of HDL2 and its phospholipid content in the healthy (r = 0.50), angiography-negative (r = 0.55) and ISR (r = 0.52) groups. The capacity of apolipoprotein B (apoB)-depleted serum to take up free cholesterol was not different among the groups. CONCLUSIONS Despite some compositional alterations, the capacity of HDL to efflux cholesterol from lipid-loaded macrophages as well as to take up free cholesterol from TGRLs during lipolysis was not associated with ISR in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Ganjali
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elahe Mahdipour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Department of Modern Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran & UNESCO Higher Center, Nutrition Department, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Saffar Soflaei
- Department of Modern Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran & UNESCO Higher Center, Nutrition Department, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Anatol Kontush
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Research Unit 1166, Faculty of Medicine Pitié–Salpêtrière, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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6
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Králová A, Kubátová H, Kauerová S, Janoušek L, Froněk J, Králová Lesná I, Poledne R. Cholesterol efflux and macrophage polarization in human adipose tissue. Physiol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The pro-inflammatory status of adipose tissue (AT) has been found to be related to reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) from peritoneal macrophages. However, this finding was made in experimental models using induced peritonitis and isolated peritoneal macrophages of animals. This experimental relationship is in agreement with RCT changes in man in two extreme situations, sepsis or cardiovascular complications.
Given the above, we sought to test RTC in relationship to macrophage polarization in the visceral AT (VAT) of living kidney donors (LKDs) and the effect of conditioned media obtained from their AT. The influence of ATCM on CE capacity was first assessed in an experiment where standard plasma was used as cholesterol acceptor from [14C] cholesterol labeled THP-1 cells. Conditioned media as a product of LKDs’ incubated AT showed no effect on CE. Likewise, we did not find any effect of individual plasma of LKDs on CE when individual plasma of LKDs were used as acceptors. On the other hand, we documented an effect of LKDs’ adipose cell size on CE. Our results indicate that the pro-inflammatory status of human AT is not likely induced by disrupted RCT but might be influenced by the metabolic status of LKDs’ adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - R Poledne
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
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7
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KRÁLOVÁ A, BARTUŠKOVÁ H, KAUEROVÁ S, JANOUŠEK L, FRONĚK J, KRÁLOVÁ LESNÁ I, POLEDNE R. Cholesterol efflux and macrophage polarization in human adipose tissue. Physiol Res 2022; 71:859-868. [PMID: 36426890 PMCID: PMC9814980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The pro-inflammatory status of adipose tissue (AT) has been found to be related to reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) from peritoneal macrophages. However, this finding was made in experimental models using induced peritonitis and isolated peritoneal macrophages of animals. This experimental relationship is in agreement with RCT changes in man in two extreme situations, sepsis or cardiovascular complications. Given the above, we sought to test RTC in relationship to macrophage polarization in the visceral AT (VAT) of living kidney donors (LKDs) and the effect of conditioned media obtained from their AT. The influence of ATCM on CE capacity was first assessed in an experiment where standard plasma was used as cholesterol acceptor from [14C] cholesterol labeled THP-1. Conditioned media as a product of LKDs' incubated AT showed no effect on CE. Likewise, we did not find any effect of individual plasma of LKDs on CE when individual plasma of LKDs were used as acceptors. On the other hand, we documented an effect of LKDs' adipose cell size on CE. Our results indicate that the pro-inflammatory status of human AT is not likely induced by disrupted RCT but might be influenced by the metabolic status of LKDs' adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna KRÁLOVÁ
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana BARTUŠKOVÁ
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Soňa KAUEROVÁ
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Libor JANOUŠEK
- Transplantation Surgery Department, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří FRONĚK
- Transplantation Surgery Department, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana KRÁLOVÁ LESNÁ
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic,First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Military University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rudolf POLEDNE
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
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8
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Kang JH, Zeleznik O, Frueh L, Lasky-Su J, Eliassen AH, Clish C, Rosner BA, Pasquale LR, Wiggs JL. Prediagnostic Plasma Metabolomics and the Risk of Exfoliation Glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:15. [PMID: 35951322 PMCID: PMC9386645 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.9.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The etiology of exfoliation glaucoma (XFG) is poorly understood. We aimed to identify a prediagnostic plasma metabolomic signature associated with XFG. Methods We conducted a 1:1 matched case-control study nested within the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study. We collected blood samples in 1989-1990 (Nurses' Health Study) and 1993-1995 (Health Professionals Follow-up Study). We identified 205 incident XFG cases through 2016 (average time to diagnosis from blood draw = 11.8 years) who self-reported glaucoma and were confirmed as XFG cases with medical records. We profiled plasma metabolites using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We evaluated 379 known metabolites (transformed for normality using probit scores) using multiple conditional logistic models. Metabolite set enrichment analysis was used to identify metabolite classes associated with XFG. To adjust for multiple comparisons, we used number of effective tests (NEF) and the false discovery rate (FDR). Results Mean age of cases (n = 205) at diagnosis was 71 years; 85% were women and more than 99% were Caucasian; controls (n = 205) reported eye examinations as of the matched cases' index date. Thirty-three metabolites were nominally significantly associated with XFG (P < 0.05), and 4 metabolite classes were FDR-significantly associated. We observed positive associations for lysophosphatidylcholines (FDR = 0.02) and phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogens (FDR = 0.004) and inverse associations for triacylglycerols (FDR < 0.0001) and steroids (FDR = 0.03). In particular, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio with each 1 standard deviation higher plasma cortisone levels was 0.49 (95% confidence interval, 0.32-0.74; NEF = 0.05). Conclusions In plasma from a decade before diagnosis, lysophosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogens were positively associated and triacylglycerols and steroids (e.g., cortisone) were inversely associated with XFG risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae H Kang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Oana Zeleznik
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Lisa Frueh
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Jessica Lasky-Su
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - A Heather Eliassen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Clary Clish
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Bernard A Rosner
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Louis R Pasquale
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Janey L Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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9
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Kuusisto S, Karjalainen MK, Tillin T, Kangas AJ, Holmes MV, Kähönen M, Lehtimäki T, Viikari J, Perola M, Chaturvedi N, Salomaa V, Raitakari OT, Järvelin MR, Kettunen J, Ala-Korpela M. Genetic and observational evidence: No independent role for cholesterol efflux over static high-density lipoprotein concentration measures in coronary heart disease risk assessment. J Intern Med 2022; 292:146-153. [PMID: 35289444 PMCID: PMC9311699 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational findings for high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-mediated cholesterol efflux capacity (HDL-CEC) and coronary heart disease (CHD) appear inconsistent, and knowledge of the genetic architecture of HDL-CEC is limited. OBJECTIVES A large-scale observational study on the associations of HDL-CEC and other HDL-related measures with CHD and the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) of HDL-CEC. PARTICIPANTS/METHODS Six independent cohorts were included with follow-up data for 14,438 participants to investigate the associations of HDL-related measures with incident CHD (1,570 events). The GWAS of HDL-CEC was carried out in 20,372 participants. RESULTS HDL-CEC did not associate with CHD when adjusted for traditional risk factors and HDL cholesterol (HDL-C). In contradiction, almost all HDL-related concentration measures associated consistently with CHD after corresponding adjustments. There were no genetic loci associated with HDL-CEC independent of HDL-C and triglycerides. CONCLUSION HDL-CEC is not unequivocally associated with CHD in contrast to HDL-C, apolipoprotein A-I, and most of the HDL subclass particle concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanna Kuusisto
- Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Minna K Karjalainen
- Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Northern Finland Birth Cohorts, Arctic Biobank, Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Therese Tillin
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Michael V Holmes
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jorma Viikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Markus Perola
- Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nishi Chaturvedi
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Unit of Primary Health Care, Oulu University Hospital (OYS), Oulu, Finland.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
| | - Johannes Kettunen
- Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Ala-Korpela
- Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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10
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Cheng W, Rosolowski M, Boettner J, Desch S, Jobs A, Thiele H, Buettner P. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol efflux capacity and incidence of coronary artery disease and cardiovascular mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:47. [PMID: 35643463 PMCID: PMC9148501 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01657-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The preventive effect of cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) on the progression of atherosclerotic lesions has been confirmed in animal models, but findings in the population are inconsistent. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to systematically investigate the relationship of CEC with coronary artery disease (CAD) and cardiovascular mortality in a general population. Methods Four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase database, Cochrane Library, Web of Science) were searched from inception to February 1st, 2022 for relevant studies, without any language restriction. For continuous variables, the mean and standard deviation (SD), maximum adjusted odds ratios (ORs), relative risks (RRs), or hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted. The random-effects model was adopted to calculate the pooled results, and dose-response analyses were conducted. All pooled results were expressed by standardized mean difference (SMD) and ORs. Results Finally, 18 observational studies were included. Compared with the non-CAD group, the CAD group (SMD -0.48, 95% CI − 0.66 to − 0.30; I2 88.9%) had significantly lower CEC. In the high-CEC population, the risks of CAD (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.71; I2 81%) significantly decreased, and a linear negative dose-response was detected. However, an association between CEC and the risk of cardiovascular mortality was not found (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.06; I2 83.2%). Conclusions This meta-analysis suggests that decreased CEC is strongly associated with the risk of CAD, independent of HDL-C level. However, a decreased CEC seems not to be related to cardiovascular mortality. Meanwhile, CEC is linearly negatively correlated with the risk of CAD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12944-022-01657-3.
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11
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HDL as Bidirectional Lipid Vectors: Time for New Paradigms. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051180. [PMID: 35625916 PMCID: PMC9138557 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-atherogenic properties of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) have been explained mainly by reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) from peripheral tissues to the liver. The RCT seems to agree with most of the negative epidemiological correlations between HDL cholesterol levels and coronary artery disease. However, therapies designed to increase HDL cholesterol failed to reduce cardiovascular risk, despite their capacity to improve cholesterol efflux, the first stage of RCT. Therefore, the cardioprotective role of HDL may not be explained by RCT, and it is time for new paradigms about the physiological function of these lipoproteins. It should be considered that the main HDL apolipoprotein, apo AI, has been highly conserved throughout evolution. Consequently, these lipoproteins play an essential physiological role beyond their capacity to protect against atherosclerosis. We propose HDL as bidirectional lipid vectors carrying lipids from and to tissues according to their local context. Lipid influx mediated by HDL appears to be particularly important for tissue repair right on site where the damage occurs, including arteries during the first stages of atherosclerosis. In contrast, the HDL-lipid efflux is relevant for secretory cells where the fusion of intracellular vesicles drastically enlarges the cytoplasmic membrane with the potential consequence of impairment of cell function. In such circumstances, HDL could deliver some functional lipids and pick up not only cholesterol but an integral part of the membrane in excess, restoring the viability of the secretory cells. This hypothesis is congruent with the beneficial effects of HDL against atherosclerosis as well as with their capacity to induce insulin secretion and merits experimental exploration.
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12
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Yazdandoust S, Parizadeh SMR, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Yaghmaei P, Sahebkar AH. High-density lipoprotein lipid peroxidation as a diagnostics biomarker in coronary artery disease. Biofactors 2022; 48:634-642. [PMID: 35080064 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at evaluating the serum High-density lipoprotein lipid peroxidation (HDLox) levels and their association with coronary artery disease (CAD). This case-control study comprised 572 patients with stable CAD and 281 healthy subjects with no history of cardiovascular disease (control group). Based on the results of coronary angiography, the patient group was divided into two groups: CAD- and CAD+. HDLox was measured using a fluorimetric method. The ability of HDLox and serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) to detect CAD and coronary artery stenosis ≥50% was also compared using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The CAD patients showed significantly higher serum HDLox levels, compared to the control group [1.15 (1.01-1.31) vs. 0.85 (0.62-1.06), no units, p < 0.001]. Moreover, serum HDLox levels were significantly lower in CAD- patients, compared to the CAD+ patients [1.05 (0.92-1.22) vs. 1.24 (1.12-1.35), no units, p < 0.001]. According to the results of univariate and multivariate logistic regression, the HDLox showed association with the presence of CAD (odds ratio [OR]: 1.754; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.564-1.968; p < 0.001) and coronary artery stenosis ≥50% (OR: 1.729; 95% CI: 1.534-1.949; p < 0.001). The results obtained from the area under the ROC curve revealed that the HDLox could better detect the risk of CAD and coronary artery stenosis ≥50% compared to serum HDL-C level. The oxidation of HDL leads to a reduction in its antioxidant function and it has a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis. HDLox is suggested as a diagnostics biomarker for CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Yazdandoust
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Iranian UNESCO center of excellence for human nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parichehreh Yaghmaei
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Sahebkar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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13
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Intrapersonal Stability of Plasma Metabolomic Profiles over 10 Years among Women. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12050372. [PMID: 35629875 PMCID: PMC9147746 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12050372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In epidemiological studies, samples are often collected long before disease onset or outcome assessment. Understanding the long-term stability of biomarkers measured in these samples is crucial. We estimated within-person stability over 10 years of metabolites and metabolite features (n = 5938) in the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS): the primary dataset included 1880 women with 1184 repeated samples donated 10 years apart while the secondary dataset included 1456 women with 488 repeated samples donated 10 years apart. We quantified plasma metabolomics using two liquid chromatography mass spectrometry platforms (lipids and polar metabolites) at the Broad Institute (Cambridge, MA, USA). Intra-class correlations (ICC) were used to estimate long-term (10 years) within-person stability of metabolites and were calculated as the proportion of the total variability (within-person + between-person) attributable to between-person variability. Within-person variability was estimated among participants who donated two blood samples approximately 10 years apart while between-person variability was estimated among all participants. In the primary dataset, the median ICC was 0.43 (1st quartile (Q1): 0.36; 3rd quartile (Q3): 0.50) among known metabolites and 0.41 (Q1: 0.34; Q3: 0.48) among unknown metabolite features. The three most stable metabolites were N6,N6-dimethyllysine (ICC = 0.82), dimethylguanidino valerate (ICC = 0.72), and N-acetylornithine (ICC = 0.72). The three least stable metabolites were palmitoylethanolamide (ICC = 0.05), ectoine (ICC = 0.09), and trimethylamine-N-oxide (ICC = 0.16). Results in the secondary dataset were similar (Spearman correlation = 0.87) to corresponding results in the primary dataset. Within-person stability over 10 years is reasonable for lipid, lipid-related, and polar metabolites, and varies by metabolite class. Additional studies are required to estimate within-person stability over 10 years of other metabolites groups.
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14
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Lee JJ, Chi G, Fitzgerald C, Kazmi SHA, Kalayci A, Korjian S, Duffy D, Shaunik A, Kingwell B, Yeh RW, Bhatt DL, Gibson CM. Cholesterol Efflux Capacity and Its Association With Adverse Cardiovascular Events: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:774418. [PMID: 34966797 PMCID: PMC8710716 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.774418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are inversely associated with cardiovascular disease events. Yet, emerging evidence suggests that it is the functional properties of HDL, in particular, reverse cholesterol transport, which is a key protective mechanism mediating cholesterol removal from macrophage cells and reducing plaque lipid content. Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) measures the capacity of HDL to perform this function. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to explore the association of CEC and adverse cardiovascular events. Methods: A comprehensive literature review of Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science Core Collection from inception to September 2019 was performed for all studies that examined the association between CEC and cardiovascular outcomes. The primary outcome was adverse cardiovascular events, which were inclusive of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or mortality. Results: A total of 20 trials were included. Compared with low CEC levels, high CEC levels were associated with a 37% lower risk of adverse cardiovascular events (crude RR = 0.63; 95% CI, 0.52–0.76; P < 0.00001). Every SD increase of CEC was associated with a 20% lower risk of adverse cardiovascular events (HR = 0.80; 95% CI, 0.66–0.97; P = 0.02). The association remained significant after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, medications, and HDL-C levels (HR = 0.76; 95% CI, 0.63–0.91; P = 0.004). A significant CEC-endpoint relationship was observed (P = 0.024) such that for every 0.1 unit increase in CEC, there was a 5% reduced risk for adverse cardiovascular events (RR = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.91–0.99). Conclusions: Higher CEC is associated with lower adverse cardiovascular outcomes. These findings warrant further research on whether CEC is merely a biomarker or a mechanism that could be targeted as a pharmacologic intervention for improving clinical outcomes. PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42020146681; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane J Lee
- Baim Institute for Clinical Research, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gerald Chi
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Clara Fitzgerald
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Syed Hassan A Kazmi
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Arzu Kalayci
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Serge Korjian
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | | | | | - Robert W Yeh
- Smith Center for Outcomes Research in Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Deepak L Bhatt
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - C Michael Gibson
- Baim Institute for Clinical Research, Boston, MA, United States.,Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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15
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Zanotti I, Potì F, Cuchel M. HDL and reverse cholesterol transport in humans and animals: Lessons from pre-clinical models and clinical studies. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1867:159065. [PMID: 34637925 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The ability to accept cholesterol from cells and to promote reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) represents the best characterized antiatherogenic function of HDL. Studies carried out in animal models have unraveled the multiple mechanisms by which these lipoproteins drive cholesterol efflux from macrophages and cholesterol uptake to the liver. Moreover, the influence of HDL composition and the role of lipid transporters have been clarified by using suitable transgenic models or through experimental design employing pharmacological or nutritional interventions. Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), an in vitro assay developed to offer a measure of the first step of RCT, has been shown to associate with cardiovascular risk in several human cohorts, supporting the atheroprotective role of RCT in humans as well. However, negative data in other cohorts have raised concerns on the validity of this biomarker. In this review we will present the most relevant data documenting the role of HDL in RCT, as assessed in classical or innovative methodological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Zanotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Francesco Potì
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Unità di Neuroscienze, Università di Parma, Via Volturno 39/F, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Marina Cuchel
- Division of Translational Medicine & Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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16
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Zhao M, Guo Z, Jia G, Ma R, Li M. Influencing factors of coronary artery stenosis in patients with stable coronary heart disease and a correlation analysis. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:9522-9529. [PMID: 34540074 PMCID: PMC8430167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship of the size and concentration of low density lipoprotein (LDL) particles and high density lipoprotein (HDL) particles and the coronary stenotic degree of stable coronary artery disease. METHODS Altogether 62 patients with coronary disease confirmed by coronary angiography treated in our hospital from March 2019 to March 2020 were selected as the observation group, and 62 healthy persons in the same period were chosen as the control group. The particle size of LDL and HDL protein complexes were measured and we then calculated the concentration ratio to explore the relationship between the two types of lipoprotein particles and the degree of coronary artery disease. The Gensini integral method and the lesion numbers were used to evaluate the coronary stenotic degree. RESULTS In comparison with the control group, the mean diameter of the average LDL particle in the observation group was smaller, but the type B ratio and Gensini score were higher (P<0.05). In comparison with the control group, the observation group had a higher Sd-LDL concentration ratio, as well as concentration of small-particle HDL, percentage of concentration of small-particle HDL in the whole HDL concentration and Gensini score (P<0.05). In comparison with the single-vessel disease group, the multi-vessel disease group had a smaller LDL concentration, as well as smaller large-particle HDL concentration and percentage of large-particle HDL concentration in the whole HDL concentration, and SD-LDL concentration ratio, small-particle HDL concentration, and percentage of small-particle HDL concentration in the whole HDL concentration and Gensini points were considerably higher (P<0.05). The Gensini score in the observation group showed negative correlations with LDL particle size (r=-0.375, P<0.05), and positive correlations with the concentration of large-particle HDL (r=0.301, P<0.05). CONCLUSION The size and concentration of LDL and HDL are significantly related to the coronary stenotic degree in SCAD disease, suggesting that they play a role in the coronary stenotic degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- Department of Cardiology III, Cangzhou Central Hospital Cangzhou 061001, Hebei, China
| | - Zhihao Guo
- Department of Cardiology III, Cangzhou Central Hospital Cangzhou 061001, Hebei, China
| | - Guowei Jia
- Department of Cardiology III, Cangzhou Central Hospital Cangzhou 061001, Hebei, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Cardiology III, Cangzhou Central Hospital Cangzhou 061001, Hebei, China
| | - Meili Li
- Department of Cardiology III, Cangzhou Central Hospital Cangzhou 061001, Hebei, China
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17
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Cholesterol Efflux Capacity Associates with the Ankle-Brachial Index but Not All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11081407. [PMID: 34441341 PMCID: PMC8394478 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11081407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cholesterol efflux is an important mechanism by which high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) protect against cardiovascular disease. As peripheral artery disease (PAD) is associated with high mortality rates, mainly due to cardiovascular causes, we investigated whether cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of apolipoprotein B (apoB)-depleted plasma, a widely used surrogate of HDL function, may serve as a predictive marker for mortality in this patient population. Methods: In this prospective single-center study (median follow-up time: 9.3 years), apoB-containing lipoproteins were precipitated from plasma of 95 patients with PAD and incubated with J744-macrophages, which were loaded with radiolabeled cholesterol. CEC was defined as the fractional radiolabel released during 4 h of incubation. Results: Baseline CEC was lower in PAD patients that currently smoked (p = 0.015) and had a history of myocardial infarction (p = 0.011). Moreover, CEC showed a significant correlation with HDL-cholesterol (p = 0.003) and apolipoprotein A-I levels (p = 0.001) as well as the ankle-brachial index (ABI, p = 0.018). However, CEC did not differ between survivors and non-survivors. Neither revealed Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses any significant association of CEC with all-cause mortality rates. Conclusion: Taken together, CEC is associated with ABI but does not predict all-cause mortality in patients with PAD.
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18
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Kudinov VA, Torkhovskaya TI, Zakharova TS, Morozevich GE, Artyushev RI, Zubareva MY, Markin SS. High-density lipoprotein remodeling by phospholipid nanoparticles improves cholesterol efflux capacity and protects from atherosclerosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111900. [PMID: 34328100 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficiency of cholesterol efflux from cells promoted by high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) depends on HDL concentration and functional properties. The term "dysfunctional HDL" describes HDLs with impaired protective properties. Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of HDL is reduced in patients with atherosclerosis, but the exact mechanisms underlying this impairment are not well characterized. Enriching HDLs with phospholipids (PLs) improves CEC. Herein, we assessed the potential of PL nanoparticles in improving HDL functionality. We lipidated HDL subfractions by incubating with PL nanoparticles containing soybean polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine. Incubating blood plasma with PL nanoparticles resulted in the dose-dependent lipidation of all HDL subfractions. Changes in apolipoprotein A1 (apoA-1) and PL concentrations were the most prominent in the HDL2 fraction. Concentrations of PL in the HDL3 fraction and the fraction with a density > 1.21 g/mL increased by 30-50%, whereas apoA-1 levels decreased. We hypothesized that PL nanoparticles may cause HDL remodeling that can improve their functions. The CECs of lipidated HDLs were analyzed by incubating apolipoprotein B (apoB)-depleted plasma with 3H-cholesterol-labeled THP-1 macrophages. The findings revealed a two-fold increase in cholesterol efflux compared with native apoB-depleted plasma. Moreover, intravenous administration of PL nanoparticles restored lipid profiles and effectively protected blood vessels from atherosclerosis progression in cholesterol-fed rabbits compared with that of fenofibrate and atorvastatin. PL nanoparticles also protected against atherosclerosis and decreased the atherogenic index. Altogether, these results indicate that PL nanoparticles can be used to correct the lipid composition and CEC of HDLs. DATA AVAILABILITY: Additional data can be provided upon reasonable request from the date of publication of this article within 5 years. The request should be sent to the author-correspondent at the address cd95@mail.ru.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily A Kudinov
- Scientific Group of Phospholipid Drugs, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; Laboratory of Cell Biology and Developmental Pathology, FSBSI Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Tatiana I Torkhovskaya
- Laboratory of Phospholipid Transport Systems and Nanomedicines, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Tamara S Zakharova
- Laboratory of Phospholipid Transport Systems and Nanomedicines, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Galina E Morozevich
- Laboratory of Protein Biosynthesis, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Rafael I Artyushev
- Scientific Group of Phospholipid Drugs, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Marina Yu Zubareva
- Department of Atherosclerosis Problems, FSBI National Medical Research Center of Cardiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Sergey S Markin
- Clinical Research Department, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia.
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19
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Tereshkina YA, Kostryukova LV, Torkhovskaya TI, Khudoklinova YY, Tikhonova EG. [Plasma high density lipoproteins phospholipds as an indirect indicator of their cholesterol efflux capacity - new suspected atherosclerosis risk factor]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2021; 67:119-129. [PMID: 33860768 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20216702119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
High density lipoproteins (HDL) are a unique natural structure, protecting the body from the development of atherosclerotic vascular lesions and cardiovascular diseases due to this ability to remove cholesterol from cells. Plasma HDL level estimated by their cholesterol content, is a common lipid parameter, and its decrease is considered as an established atherosclerosis risk factor. However, a number of studies have shown the absence of positive clinical effects after drug-induced increase in HDL cholesterol. There is increasing evidence that not only HDL concentration, but also HDL properties, considered in this review are important. Many studies showed the decrease of HDL cholesterol efflux capacity in patients with coronary heart diseases and its association with disease severity. Some authors consider a decrease of this HDL capacity as a new additional risk factor of atherosclerosis. The review summarizes existing information on various protein and lipid components of HDL with a primary emphasis on the HDL. Special attention is paid to correlation between the HDL cholesterol efflux capacity and HDL phospholipids and the ratio "phospholipids/free cholesterol". The accumulated information indicates importance of evaluation in the HDL fraction not only in terms of their cholesterol, but also phospholipids. In addition to the traditionally used lipid criteria, this would provide more comprehensive information about the activity of the reverse cholesterol transport process in the body and could contribute to the targeted correction of the detected disorders.
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20
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van Velzen DM, Adorni MP, Zimetti F, Strazzella A, Simsek S, Sirtori CR, Heijer MD, Ruscica M. The effect of transgender hormonal treatment on high density lipoprotein cholesterol efflux capacity. Atherosclerosis 2021; 323:44-53. [PMID: 33836456 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS A decrease in high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol concentrations during transgender hormone therapy has been shown. However, the ability of HDL to remove cholesterol from arterial wall macrophages, termed cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), has proven to be a better predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) largely independently of HDL-concentrations. In addition, the serum capacity to load macrophages with cholesterol (cholesterol loading capacity, CLC) represents an index of pro-atherogenic potential. As transgender individuals are exposed to lifelong exogenous hormone therapy (HT), it becomes of interest to study whether HDL-CEC and serum CLC are affected by HT. HDL-CEC and serum CLC have been evaluated in 15 trans men treated with testosterone and in 15 trans women treated with estradiol and cyproterone acetate at baseline and after 12 months of HT. METHODS Total HDL-CEC from macrophages and its major contributors, the ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC) A1 and ABCG1 HDL-CEC and HDL-CEC by aqueous diffusion were determined by a radioisotopic assay. CLC was evaluated in human THP-1 macrophages. RESULTS In trans women, total HDL-CEC decreased by 10.8% (95%CI: -14.3;-7.3; p < 0.001), ABCA1 HDL-CEC by 23.8% (-34.7; -12.9; p < 0.001) and aqueous diffusion HDL-CEC by 4.8% (-8.4;-1.1; p < 0.01). In trans men, only aqueous diffusion HDL-CEC decreased significantly, -9.8% (-15.7;-3.9; p < 0.01). ABCG1 HDL-CEC did not change in either group. Serum CLC and HDL subclass distribution were not modified by HT in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Total HDL-CEC decreased during HT in trans women, with a specific reduction in ABCA1 CEC. This finding might contribute to a higher CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daan M van Velzen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Maria Pia Adorni
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Unità di Neuroscienze, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Arianna Strazzella
- Center E. Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Suat Simsek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Endocrinology, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
| | - Cesare R Sirtori
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Martin den Heijer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Massimiliano Ruscica
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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21
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Han P, Man J, Hao Y, Wu L, Wang J, Yang W, Wang F, Tian Y. Metabolomic analysis of plasma from normal-weight adults with hypo-HDL cholesterolemia by UPLC-QTOF MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5073. [PMID: 33453122 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is negatively correlated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The prevalence of hypo-HDL cholesterolemia is as high as 33.9%. The plasma metabolomic differences between hypo-HDL cholesterolemia populations and normal controls were investigated using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Participants with hypo-HDL cholesterolemia and normal controls were clearly discriminated from each other on the orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis score plot and a total of 90 differential metabolites were identified, including down-regulated phosphatidylserine [18:0/20:3(8Z,11Z,14Z)], phosphatidylcholine [19:0/18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)], phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine [18:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E) (15Ke)], etc., and up-regulated triglyceride [15:0/18:1(9Z)/18:3(9Z,12Z,15Z)][iso6], 13-methyl-1-tritriacontene, tridodecylamine, etc. Most of the changed metabolites were lipids, notably, a significant part of which were odd chain fatty acid incorporated lipids. Carnitine shuttle was the most significant metabolic pathway, except for the disturbed glycerophospholipid metabolism, glycosphingolipid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism in participants with hypo-HDL cholesterolemia. We identified the key metabolites and metabolic pathways that may be changed in hypo-HDL cholesterolemia participants, providing useful clues for studying the metabolic mechanisms and for early prevention of hypo-HDL cholesterolemia and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Han
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jin Man
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yun Hao
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Longjie Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jia Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenjie Yang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fudi Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yongmei Tian
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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22
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Hunjadi M, Lamina C, Kahler P, Bernscherer T, Viikari J, Lehtimäki T, Kähönen M, Hurme M, Juonala M, Taittonen L, Laitinen T, Jokinen E, Tossavainen P, Hutri-Kähönen N, Raitakari O, Ritsch A. HDL cholesterol efflux capacity is inversely associated with subclinical cardiovascular risk markers in young adults: The cardiovascular risk in Young Finns study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19223. [PMID: 33154477 PMCID: PMC7645719 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76146-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The atherogenic process begins already in childhood and progresses to symptomatic condition with age. We investigated the association of cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) and vascular markers of subclinical atherosclerosis in healthy, young adults. CEC was determined in 2282 participants of the Young Finns study using cAMP treated 3H-cholesterol-labeled J774 cells. The CEC was correlated to baseline and 6-year follow-up data of cardiovascular risk factors and ultrasound measurements of arterial structure and function. CEC was higher in women, correlated with total cholesterol, HDL-C, and apolipoprotein A-I, but not with LDL-C or apolipoprotein B. Compared to the lowest CEC quartile, the highest CEC quartile was significantly associated with high CRP levels and inversely associated with adiponectin. At baseline, high CEC was associated with decreased flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and carotid artery distensibility, as well as an increased Young's modulus of elasticity, indicating adverse changes in arterial structure, and function. The association reversed with follow-up FMD data, indicating the interaction of preclinical parameters over time. A higher CEC was directly associated with a lower risk of subclinical atherosclerosis at follow-up. In young and healthy subjects, CEC was associated with important lipid risk parameters at baseline, as in older patients and CAD patients, but inversely with early risk markers for subclinical atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Hunjadi
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Claudia Lamina
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Patrick Kahler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Tamara Bernscherer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jorma Viikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku and Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mikko Hurme
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere, Finland
| | - Markus Juonala
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku and Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Tomi Laitinen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio, University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Eero Jokinen
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Tossavainen
- Department of Pediatrics, Oulu University Hospital, PEDEGO Research Unit and MRC Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Andreas Ritsch
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
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23
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Shankara-Narayana N, Yu C, Savkovic S, Desai R, Fennell C, Turner L, Jayadev V, Conway AJ, Kockx M, Ridley L, Kritharides L, Handelsman DJ. Rate and Extent of Recovery from Reproductive and Cardiac Dysfunction Due to Androgen Abuse in Men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5729047. [PMID: 32030409 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgz324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Androgen abuse impairs male reproductive and cardiac function, but the rate, extent, and determinants of recovery are not understood. OBJECTIVE To investigate recovery of male reproductive and cardiac function after ceasing androgen intake in current and past androgen abusers compared with healthy non-users. METHODS Cross-sectional, observational study recruited via social media 41 current and 31 past users (≥3 months since last use, median 300 days since last use) with 21 healthy, eugonadal non-users. Each provided a history, examination, and serum and semen sample and underwent testicular ultrasound, body composition analysis, and cardiac function evaluation. RESULTS Current abusers had suppressed reproductive function and impaired cardiac systolic function and lipoprotein parameters compared with non- or past users. Past users did not differ from non-users, suggesting full recovery of suppressed reproductive and cardiac functions after ceasing androgen abuse, other than residual reduced testicular volume. Mean time to recovery was faster for reproductive hormones (anti-Mullerian hormone [AMH], 7.3 months; luteinizing hormone [LH], 10.7 months) than for sperm variables (output, 14.1 months) whereas spermatogenesis (serum follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH], inhibin B, inhibin) took longer. The duration of androgen abuse was the only other variable associated with slower recovery of sperm output (but not hormones). CONCLUSION Suppressed testicular and cardiac function due to androgen abuse is effectively fully reversible (apart from testis volume and serum sex hormone binding globulin) with recovery taking between 6 to 18 months after ceasing androgen intake with possible cumulative effects on spermatogenesis. Suppressed serum AMH, LH, and FSH represent convenient, useful, and underutilized markers of recovery from androgen abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Shankara-Narayana
- Department of Andrology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital and ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Concord Hospital, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital and ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Concord Hospital, NSW, Australia
| | - Sasha Savkovic
- Department of Andrology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital and ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Concord Hospital, NSW, Australia
| | - Reena Desai
- Department of Andrology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital and ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Concord Hospital, NSW, Australia
| | - Carolyn Fennell
- Department of Andrology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital and ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Concord Hospital, NSW, Australia
| | - Leo Turner
- Department of Andrology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital and ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Concord Hospital, NSW, Australia
| | - Veena Jayadev
- Department of Andrology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital and ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Concord Hospital, NSW, Australia
| | - Ann J Conway
- Department of Andrology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital and ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Concord Hospital, NSW, Australia
| | - Maaike Kockx
- Department of Cardiology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital and ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Concord Hospital, NSW, Australia
| | - Lloyd Ridley
- Department of Radiology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital and ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Concord Hospital, NSW, Australia
| | - Len Kritharides
- Department of Cardiology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital and ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Concord Hospital, NSW, Australia
| | - David J Handelsman
- Department of Andrology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital and ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Concord Hospital, NSW, Australia
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24
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Castaño D, Rattanasopa C, Monteiro-Cardoso VF, Corlianò M, Liu Y, Zhong S, Rusu M, Liehn EA, Singaraja RR. Lipid efflux mechanisms, relation to disease and potential therapeutic aspects. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 159:54-93. [PMID: 32423566 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are hydrophobic and amphiphilic molecules involved in diverse functions such as membrane structure, energy metabolism, immunity, and signaling. However, altered intra-cellular lipid levels or composition can lead to metabolic and inflammatory dysfunction, as well as lipotoxicity. Thus, intra-cellular lipid homeostasis is tightly regulated by multiple mechanisms. Since most peripheral cells do not catabolize cholesterol, efflux (extra-cellular transport) of cholesterol is vital for lipid homeostasis. Defective efflux contributes to atherosclerotic plaque development, impaired β-cell insulin secretion, and neuropathology. Of these, defective lipid efflux in macrophages in the arterial walls leading to foam cell and atherosclerotic plaque formation has been the most well studied, likely because a leading global cause of death is cardiovascular disease. Circulating high density lipoprotein particles play critical roles as acceptors of effluxed cellular lipids, suggesting their importance in disease etiology. We review here mechanisms and pathways that modulate lipid efflux, the role of lipid efflux in disease etiology, and therapeutic options aimed at modulating this critical process.
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25
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Liu Z, Gong S, Wang Y, Chen T, Niu Y, Xu Y. Recognition of the Enzymatically Active and Inhibitive Oxygenous Groups on WO3–x Quantum Dots by Chemical Deactivation and Density Functional Theory Calculations. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:1459-1468. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b01089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zengxu Liu
- College of Life Sciences; School of Tourism and Geography Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shida Gong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yao Wang
- College of Life Sciences; School of Tourism and Geography Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Tao Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yusheng Niu
- College of Life Sciences; School of Tourism and Geography Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yuanhong Xu
- College of Life Sciences; School of Tourism and Geography Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
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26
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Sobczak AIS, Stewart AJ. Coagulatory Defects in Type-1 and Type-2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6345. [PMID: 31888259 PMCID: PMC6940903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes (both type-1 and type-2) affects millions of individuals worldwide. A major cause of death for individuals with diabetes is cardiovascular diseases, in part since both types of diabetes lead to physiological changes that affect haemostasis. Those changes include altered concentrations of coagulatory proteins, hyper-activation of platelets, changes in metal ion homeostasis, alterations in lipid metabolism (leading to lipotoxicity in the heart and atherosclerosis), the presence of pro-coagulatory microparticles and endothelial dysfunction. In this review, we explore the different mechanisms by which diabetes leads to an increased risk of developing coagulatory disorders and how this differs between type-1 and type-2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan J. Stewart
- Medical and Biological Sciences Building, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TF, UK;
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