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Zhao J, Duan L, Li J, Yao C, Wang G, Mi J, Yu Y, Ding L, Zhao Y, Yan G, Li J, Zhao Z, Wang X, Li M. New insights into the interplay between autophagy, gut microbiota and insulin resistance in metabolic syndrome. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116807. [PMID: 38795644 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a widespread and multifactorial disorder, and the study of its pathogenesis and treatment remains challenging. Autophagy, an intracellular degradation system that maintains cellular renewal and homeostasis, is essential for maintaining antimicrobial defense, preserving epithelial barrier integrity, promoting mucosal immune response, maintaining intestinal homeostasis, and regulating gut microbiota and microbial metabolites. Dysfunctional autophagy is implicated in the pathological mechanisms of MetS, involving insulin resistance (IR), chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, with IR being a predominant feature. The study of autophagy represents a valuable field of research with significant clinical implications for identifying autophagy-related signals, pathways, mechanisms, and treatment options for MetS. Given the multifactorial etiology and various potential risk factors, it is imperative to explore the interplay between autophagy and gut microbiota in MetS more thoroughly. This will facilitate the elucidation of new mechanisms underlying the crosstalk among autophagy, gut microbiota, and MetS, thereby providing new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyue Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Liyun Duan
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jiarui Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Chensi Yao
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jia Mi
- The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yongjiang Yu
- The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Lu Ding
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yunyun Zhao
- The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Guanchi Yan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhixuan Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiuge Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Min Li
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
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Santos-Araujo S, Gomes F, Carvalho-Kelly LF, Meyer-Fernandes JR, Gondim KC, Ramos I. In the fed state, autophagy plays a crucial role in assisting the insect vector Rhodnius prolixus mobilize TAG reserves under forced flight activity. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1352766. [PMID: 38725570 PMCID: PMC11079428 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1352766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a cellular degradation pathway mediated by highly conserved autophagy-related genes (Atgs). In our previous work, we showed that inhibiting autophagy under starvation conditions leads to significant physiological changes in the insect vector of Chagas disease Rhodnius prolixus; these changes include triacylglycerol (TAG) retention in the fat body, reduced survival and impaired locomotion and flight capabilities. Herein, because it is known that autophagy can be modulated in response to various stimuli, we further investigated the role of autophagy in the fed state, following blood feeding. Interestingly, the primary indicator for the presence of autophagosomes, the lipidated form of Atg8 (Atg8-II), displayed 20%-50% higher autophagic activation in the first 2 weeks after feeding compared to the third week when digestion was complete. Despite the elevated detection of autophagosomes, RNAi-mediated suppression of RpAtg6 and RpAtg8 did not cause substantial changes in TAG or protein levels in the fat body or the flight muscle during blood digestion. We also found that knockdown of RpAtg6 and RpAtg8 led to modest modulations in the gene expression of essential enzymes involved in lipid metabolism and did not significantly stimulate the expression of the chaperones BiP and PDI, which are the main effectors of the unfolded protein response. These findings indicate that impaired autophagy leads to slight disturbances in lipid metabolism and general cell proteostasis. However, the ability of insects to fly during forced flight until exhaustion was reduced by 60% after knockdown of RpAtg6 and RpAtg8. This change was accompanied by TAG and protein increases as well as decreased ATP levels in the fat body and flight muscle, indicating that autophagy during digestion, i.e., under fed conditions, is necessary to sustain high-performance activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samara Santos-Araujo
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabio Gomes
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Katia C. Gondim
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Isabela Ramos
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Wong AM, Budin I. Organelle-targeted Laurdans measure heterogeneity in subcellular membranes and their responses to saturated lipid stress. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.16.589828. [PMID: 38659784 PMCID: PMC11042318 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.16.589828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Cell organelles feature characteristic lipid compositions that lead to differences in membrane properties. In living cells, membrane ordering and fluidity are commonly measured using the solvatochromic dye Laurdan, whose fluorescence is sensitive to membrane packing. As a general lipophilic dye, Laurdan stains all hydrophobic environments in cells, so it is challenging to characterize membrane properties in specific organelles or assess their responses to pharmacological treatments in intact cells. Here, we describe the synthesis and application of Laurdan-derived probes that read out membrane packing of individual cellular organelles. The set of Organelle-targeted Laurdans (OTL) localizes to the ER, mitochondria, lysosomes and Golgi compartments with high specificity, while retaining the spectral resolution needed to detect biological changes in membrane packing. We show that ratiometric imaging with OTL can resolve membrane heterogeneity within organelles, as well as changes in membrane packing resulting from inhibition of lipid trafficking or bioenergetic processes. We apply these probes to characterize organelle-specific responses to saturated lipid stress. While ER and lysosomal membrane fluidity is sensitive to exogenous saturated fatty acids, that of mitochondrial membranes is protected. We then use differences in ER membrane fluidity to sort populations of cells based on their fatty acid diet, highlighting the ability of organelle-localized solvatochromic probes to distinguish between cells based on their metabolic state. These results expand the repertoire of targeted membrane probes and demonstrate their application to interrogating lipid dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian M. Wong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Itay Budin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Mann V, Sundaresan A, Shishodia S. Overnutrition and Lipotoxicity: Impaired Efferocytosis and Chronic Inflammation as Precursors to Multifaceted Disease Pathogenesis. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:241. [PMID: 38666853 PMCID: PMC11048223 DOI: 10.3390/biology13040241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Overnutrition, driven by the consumption of high-fat, high-sugar diets, has reached epidemic proportions and poses a significant global health challenge. Prolonged overnutrition leads to the deposition of excessive lipids in adipose and non-adipose tissues, a condition known as lipotoxicity. The intricate interplay between overnutrition-induced lipotoxicity and the immune system plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. This review aims to elucidate the consequences of impaired efferocytosis, caused by lipotoxicity-poisoned macrophages, leading to chronic inflammation and the subsequent development of severe infectious diseases, autoimmunity, and cancer, as well as chronic pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases. Chronic overnutrition promotes adipose tissue expansion which induces cellular stress and inflammatory responses, contributing to insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome. Moreover, sustained exposure to lipotoxicity impairs the efferocytic capacity of macrophages, compromising their ability to efficiently engulf and remove dead cells. The unresolved chronic inflammation perpetuates a pro-inflammatory microenvironment, exacerbating tissue damage and promoting the development of various diseases. The interaction between overnutrition, lipotoxicity, and impaired efferocytosis highlights a critical pathway through which chronic inflammation emerges, facilitating the development of severe infectious diseases, autoimmunity, cancer, and chronic pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases. Understanding these intricate connections sheds light on potential therapeutic avenues to mitigate the detrimental effects of overnutrition and lipotoxicity on immune function and tissue homeostasis, thereby paving the way for novel interventions aimed at reducing the burden of these multifaceted diseases on global health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shishir Shishodia
- Department of Biology, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX 77004, USA; (V.M.); (A.S.)
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Chen S, Shi C, Ye Y, Li R, Song W, Song C, Mu C, Ren Z, Wang C. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Light Spectra Affect the Growth and Molting of Scylla paramamosain by Changing the Chitin Metabolism. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 26:351-363. [PMID: 38498104 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-024-10301-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Light is an essential ecological factor that has been demonstrated to affect aquatic animals' behavior, growth performance, and energy metabolism. Our previous study found that the full-spectrum light and cyan light could promote growth performance and molting frequency of Scylla paramamosain while it was suppressed by violet light. Hence, the purpose of this study is to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism that influences light spectral composition on the growth performance and molting of S. paramamosain. RNA-seq analysis and qPCR were employed to assess the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of eyestalks from S. paramamosain reared under full-spectrum light (FL), violet light (VL), and cyan light (CL) conditions after 8 weeks trial. The results showed that there are 5024 DEGs in FL vs. VL, 3398 DEGs in FL vs. CL, and 3559 DEGs in VL vs. CL observed. GO analysis showed that the DEGs enriched in the molecular function category involved in chitin binding, structural molecular activity, and structural constituent of cuticle. In addition, the DEGs in FL vs. VL were mainly enriched in the ribosome, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, lysosome, apoptosis, and antigen processing and presentation pathways by KEGG pathway analysis. Similarly, ribosome, lysosome, and antigen processing and presentation pathways were major terms that enriched in FL vs. CL group. However, only the ribosome pathway was significantly enriched in up-regulated DEGs in VL vs. CL group. Furthermore, five genes were randomly selected from DEGs for qPCR analysis to validate the RNA-seq data, and the result showed that there was high consistency between the RNA-seq and qPCR. Taken together, violet light exposure may affect the growth performance of S. paramamosain by reducing the ability of immunity and protein biosynthesis, and chitin metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Marine Economic Research Center, Dong Hai Strategic Research Institute, Ningbo University, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Ce Shi
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China.
- Marine Economic Research Center, Dong Hai Strategic Research Institute, Ningbo University, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Yangfang Ye
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Ronghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Weiwei Song
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Changbin Song
- Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Changkao Mu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Zhiming Ren
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Chunlin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, 315211, China
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Nezhad Salari AM, Rasoulizadeh Z, Shabgah AG, Vakili-Ghartavol R, Sargazi G, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J. Exploring the mechanisms of kaempferol in neuroprotection: Implications for neurological disorders. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3964. [PMID: 38439154 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Kaempferol, a flavonoid compound found in various fruits, vegetables, and medicinal plants, has garnered increasing attention due to its potential neuroprotective effects in neurological diseases. This research examines the existing literature concerning the involvement of kaempferol in neurological diseases, including stroke, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, neuroblastoma/glioblastoma, spinal cord injury, neuropathic pain, and epilepsy. Numerous in vitro and in vivo investigations have illustrated that kaempferol possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties, contributing to its neuroprotective effects. Kaempferol has been shown to modulate key signaling pathways involved in neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation, such as the PI3K/Akt, MAPK/ERK, and NF-κB pathways. Moreover, kaempferol exhibits potential therapeutic benefits by enhancing neuronal survival, attenuating oxidative stress, enhancing mitochondrial calcium channel activity, reducing neuroinflammation, promoting neurogenesis, and improving cognitive function. The evidence suggests that kaempferol holds promise as a natural compound for the prevention and treatment of neurological diseases. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action, optimize dosage regimens, and evaluate the safety and efficacy of this intervention in human clinical trials, thereby contributing to the advancement of scientific knowledge in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahra Rasoulizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | | | - Roghayyeh Vakili-Ghartavol
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ghasem Sargazi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
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Leung HH, Mansour C, Rousseau M, Nakhla A, Kiselyov K, Venkatachalam K, Wong CO. Drosophila tweety facilitates autophagy to regulate mitochondrial homeostasis and bioenergetics in Glia. Glia 2024; 72:433-451. [PMID: 37870193 PMCID: PMC10842981 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria support the energetic demands of the cells. Autophagic turnover of mitochondria serves as a critical pathway for mitochondrial homeostasis. It is unclear how bioenergetics and autophagy are functionally connected. Here, we identify an endolysosomal membrane protein that facilitates autophagy to regulate ATP production in glia. We determined that Drosophila tweety (tty) is highly expressed in glia and localized to endolysosomes. Diminished fusion between autophagosomes and endolysosomes in tty-deficient glia was rescued by expressing the human Tweety Homolog 1 (TTYH1). Loss of tty in glia attenuated mitochondrial turnover, elevated mitochondrial oxidative stress, and impaired locomotor functions. The cellular and organismal defects were partially reversed by antioxidant treatment. We performed live-cell imaging of genetically encoded metabolite sensors to determine the impact of tty and autophagy deficiencies on glial bioenergetics. We found that tty-deficient glia exhibited reduced mitochondrial pyruvate consumption accompanied by a shift toward glycolysis for ATP production. Likewise, genetic inhibition of autophagy in glia resulted in a similar glycolytic shift in bioenergetics. Furthermore, the survival of mutant flies became more sensitive to starvation, underlining the significance of tty in the crosstalk between autophagy and bioenergetics. Together, our findings uncover the role for tty in mitochondrial homeostasis via facilitating autophagy, which determines bioenergetic balance in glia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Hang Leung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
- Present address: South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Christina Mansour
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Morgan Rousseau
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Sciences Center (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anwar Nakhla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Kirill Kiselyov
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Kartik Venkatachalam
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Sciences Center (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ching-On Wong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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Chen C, Zheng N, Zhu H, An Q, Pan J, Li X, Ji Y, Li N, Sun S. Co-exposure to UV-aged microplastics and cadmium induces intestinal toxicity and metabolic responses in earthworms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 462:132737. [PMID: 37832442 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Aged microplastics (MPs) alter the interaction with heavy metals due to changes in surface properties. However, the combined toxicological effects of aged MPs on heavy metals in soil remain poorly understood. In this study, earthworms were employed as model animals to investigate the effects of aged MPs on the biotoxicity of cadmium (Cd) by simulating the exposure patterns of original and UV-aged MPs (polylactic acid (PLA) and polyethylene (PE)) with Cd. The results showed that UV-aging decreased the zeta potential and increased the specific surface area of the MPs, which enhanced the bioaccumulation of Cd and caused more severe oxidative stress to earthworms. Meanwhile, the earthworm intestines exhibited increased tissue damage, including chloragogenous tissue congestion lesions, and typhlosole damage. Furthermore, the combined exposure to UV-aged MPs and Cd enhanced the complexity of the microbial network in the earthworm gut and interfered with endocrine disruption, membrane structure, and energy metabolic pathways in earthworms. The results emphasized the need to consider the degradation of MPs in the environment. Hence, we recommend that future toxicological studies use aged MPs that are more representative of the actual environmental conditions, with the results being important for the risk assessment and management of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changcheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China
| | - Na Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China.
| | - Huicheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China
| | - Qirui An
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China
| | - Jiamin Pan
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China
| | - Yining Ji
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China
| | - Siyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China
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Dhamija B, Marathe S, Sawant V, Basu M, Attrish D, Mukherjee D, Kumar S, Pai MGJ, Wad S, Sawant A, Nayak C, Venkatesh KV, Srivastava S, Barthel SR, Purwar R. IL-17A Orchestrates Reactive Oxygen Species/HIF1α-Mediated Metabolic Reprogramming in Psoriasis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:302-316. [PMID: 38019129 PMCID: PMC11100423 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Immune cell-derived IL-17A is one of the key pathogenic cytokines in psoriasis, an immunometabolic disorder. Although IL-17A is an established regulator of cutaneous immune cell biology, its functional and metabolic effects on nonimmune cells of the skin, particularly keratinocytes, have not been comprehensively explored. Using multiomics profiling and systems biology-based approaches, we systematically uncover significant roles for IL-17A in the metabolic reprogramming of human primary keratinocytes (HPKs). High-throughput liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed IL-17A-dependent regulation of multiple HPK proteins and metabolites of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Systems-level MitoCore modeling using flux-balance analysis identified IL-17A-mediated increases in HPK glycolysis, glutaminolysis, and lipid uptake, which were validated using biochemical cell-based assays and stable isotope-resolved metabolomics. IL-17A treatment triggered downstream mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and HIF1α expression and resultant HPK proliferation, consistent with the observed elevation of these downstream effectors in the epidermis of patients with psoriasis. Pharmacological inhibition of HIF1α or reactive oxygen species reversed IL-17A-mediated glycolysis, glutaminolysis, lipid uptake, and HPK hyperproliferation. These results identify keratinocytes as important target cells of IL-17A and reveal its involvement in multiple downstream metabolic reprogramming pathways in human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavuk Dhamija
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Soumitra Marathe
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Vinanti Sawant
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Moumita Basu
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Diksha Attrish
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Sushant Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Siddhi Wad
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Abhijeet Sawant
- Plastic Surgery Department, TNMC and BYL Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Chitra Nayak
- Skin and Venereal Diseases Department, TNMC and BYL Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - KV Venkatesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Steven R. Barthel
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rahul Purwar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India
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Akhmetshina A, Bianco V, Bradić I, Korbelius M, Pirchheim A, Kuentzel KB, Eichmann TO, Hinteregger H, Kolb D, Habisch H, Liesinger L, Madl T, Sattler W, Radović B, Sedej S, Birner-Gruenberger R, Vujić N, Kratky D. Loss of lysosomal acid lipase results in mitochondrial dysfunction and fiber switch in skeletal muscles of mice. Mol Metab 2024; 79:101869. [PMID: 38160938 PMCID: PMC7615526 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) is the only enzyme known to hydrolyze cholesteryl esters (CE) and triacylglycerols in lysosomes at an acidic pH. Despite the importance of lysosomal hydrolysis in skeletal muscle (SM), research in this area is limited. We hypothesized that LAL may play an important role in SM development, function, and metabolism as a result of lipid and/or carbohydrate metabolism disruptions. RESULTS Mice with systemic LAL deficiency (Lal-/-) had markedly lower SM mass, cross-sectional area, and Feret diameter despite unchanged proteolysis or protein synthesis markers in all SM examined. In addition, Lal-/- SM showed increased total cholesterol and CE concentrations, especially during fasting and maturation. Regardless of increased glucose uptake, expression of the slow oxidative fiber marker MYH7 was markedly increased in Lal-/-SM, indicating a fiber switch from glycolytic, fast-twitch fibers to oxidative, slow-twitch fibers. Proteomic analysis of the oxidative and glycolytic parts of the SM confirmed the transition between fast- and slow-twitch fibers, consistent with the decreased Lal-/- muscle size due to the "fiber paradox". Decreased oxidative capacity and ATP concentration were associated with reduced mitochondrial function of Lal-/- SM, particularly affecting oxidative phosphorylation, despite unchanged structure and number of mitochondria. Impairment in muscle function was reflected by increased exhaustion in the treadmill peak effort test in vivo. CONCLUSION We conclude that whole-body loss of LAL is associated with a profound remodeling of the muscular phenotype, manifested by fiber type switch and a decline in muscle mass, most likely due to dysfunctional mitochondria and impaired energy metabolism, at least in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Akhmetshina
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Valentina Bianco
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ivan Bradić
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Melanie Korbelius
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Anita Pirchheim
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Katharina B Kuentzel
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Department of Biomedical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas O Eichmann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Core Facility Mass Spectrometry, Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Helga Hinteregger
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Kolb
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria; Core Facility Ultrastructural Analysis, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Hansjoerg Habisch
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Laura Liesinger
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tobias Madl
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Sattler
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Branislav Radović
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Simon Sedej
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Ruth Birner-Gruenberger
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria; Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nemanja Vujić
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.
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11
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Barosova R, Baranovicova E, Hanusrichterova J, Mokra D. Metabolomics in Animal Models of Bronchial Asthma and Its Translational Importance for Clinics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:459. [PMID: 38203630 PMCID: PMC10779398 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is an extremely heterogenous chronic respiratory disorder with several distinct endotypes and phenotypes. These subtypes differ not only in the pathophysiological changes and/or clinical features but also in their response to the treatment. Therefore, precise diagnostics represent a fundamental condition for effective therapy. In the diagnostic process, metabolomic approaches have been increasingly used, providing detailed information on the metabolic alterations associated with human asthma. Further information is brought by metabolomic analysis of samples obtained from animal models. This article summarizes the current knowledge on metabolomic changes in human and animal studies of asthma and reveals that alterations in lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, purine metabolism, glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle found in the animal studies resemble, to a large extent, the changes found in human patients with asthma. The findings indicate that, despite the limitations of animal modeling in asthma, pre-clinical testing and metabolomic analysis of animal samples may, together with metabolomic analysis of human samples, contribute to a novel way of personalized treatment of asthma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Barosova
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; (R.B.); (J.H.)
| | - Eva Baranovicova
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Juliana Hanusrichterova
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; (R.B.); (J.H.)
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Daniela Mokra
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; (R.B.); (J.H.)
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12
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Kale D, Fatangare A, Phapale P, Sickmann A. Blood-Derived Lipid and Metabolite Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Research from Clinical Studies: A Recent Update. Cells 2023; 12:2796. [PMID: 38132115 PMCID: PMC10741540 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary prevention, early detection, and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been long-standing scientific research goals worldwide. In the past decades, traditional blood lipid profiles have been routinely used in clinical practice to estimate the risk of CVDs such as atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and as treatment targets for the primary prevention of adverse cardiac events. These blood lipid panel tests often fail to fully predict all CVD risks and thus need to be improved. A comprehensive analysis of molecular species of lipids and metabolites (defined as lipidomics and metabolomics, respectively) can provide molecular insights into the pathophysiology of the disease and could serve as diagnostic and prognostic indicators of disease. Mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based lipidomics and metabolomics analysis have been increasingly used to study the metabolic changes that occur during CVD pathogenesis. In this review, we provide an overview of various MS-based platforms and approaches that are commonly used in lipidomics and metabolomics workflows. This review summarizes the lipids and metabolites in human plasma/serum that have recently (from 2018 to December 2022) been identified as promising CVD biomarkers. In addition, this review describes the potential pathophysiological mechanisms associated with candidate CVD biomarkers. Future studies focused on these potential biomarkers and pathways will provide mechanistic clues of CVD pathogenesis and thus help with the risk assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipali Kale
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., 44139 Dortmund, Germany; (A.F.); (P.P.)
| | | | | | - Albert Sickmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., 44139 Dortmund, Germany; (A.F.); (P.P.)
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13
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Qin Z, Wang T, Zhao Y, Ma C, Shao Q. Molecular Machinery of Lipid Droplet Degradation and Turnover in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16039. [PMID: 38003229 PMCID: PMC10671748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are important organelles conserved across eukaryotes with a fascinating biogenesis and consumption cycle. Recent intensive research has focused on uncovering the cellular biology of LDs, with emphasis on their degradation. Briefly, two major pathways for LD degradation have been recognized: (1) lipolysis, in which lipid degradation is catalyzed by lipases on the LD surface, and (2) lipophagy, in which LDs are degraded by autophagy. Both of these pathways require the collective actions of several lipolytic and proteolytic enzymes, some of which have been purified and analyzed for their in vitro activities. Furthermore, several genes encoding these proteins have been cloned and characterized. In seed plants, seed germination is initiated by the hydrolysis of stored lipids in LDs to provide energy and carbon equivalents for the germinating seedling. However, little is known about the mechanism regulating the LD mobilization. In this review, we focus on recent progress toward understanding how lipids are degraded and the specific pathways that coordinate LD mobilization in plants, aiming to provide an accurate and detailed outline of the process. This will set the stage for future studies of LD dynamics and help to utilize LDs to their full potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Changle Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
| | - Qun Shao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
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14
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Oyer HM, Steck AR, Longen CG, Venkat S, Bayrak K, Munger EB, Fu D, Castagnino PA, Sanders CM, Tancler NA, Mai MT, Myers JP, Schiewer MJ, Chen N, Mostaghel EA, Kim FJ. Sigma1 Regulates Lipid Droplet-mediated Redox Homeostasis Required for Prostate Cancer Proliferation. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:2195-2210. [PMID: 37874216 PMCID: PMC10615122 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LD) are dynamic organelles that serve as hubs of cellular metabolic processes. Emerging evidence shows that LDs also play a critical role in maintaining redox homeostasis and can mitigate lipid oxidative stress. In multiple cancers, including prostate cancer, LD accumulation is associated with cancer aggressiveness, therapy resistance, and poor clinical outcome. Prostate cancer arises as an androgen receptor (AR)-driven disease. Among its myriad roles, AR mediates the biosynthesis of LDs, induces autophagy, and modulates cellular oxidative stress in a tightly regulated cycle that promotes cell proliferation. The factors regulating the interplay of these metabolic processes downstream of AR remain unclear. Here, we show that Sigma1/SIGMAR1, a unique ligand-operated scaffolding protein, regulates LD metabolism in prostate cancer cells. Sigma1 inhibition triggers lipophagy, an LD selective form of autophagy, to prevent accumulation of LDs which normally act to sequester toxic levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This disrupts the interplay between LDs, autophagy, buffering of oxidative stress and redox homeostasis, and results in the suppression of cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Consistent with these experimental results, SIGMAR1 transcripts are strongly associated with lipid metabolism and ROS pathways in prostate tumors. Altogether, these data reveal a novel, pharmacologically responsive role for Sigma1 in regulating the redox homeostasis required by oncogenic metabolic programs that drive prostate cancer proliferation. SIGNIFICANCE To proliferate, cancer cells must maintain productive metabolic and oxidative stress (eustress) while mitigating destructive, uncontrolled oxidative stress (distress). LDs are metabolic hubs that enable adaptive responses to promote eustress. Targeting the unique Sigma1 protein can trigger distress by disrupting the LD-mediated homeostasis required for proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halley M. Oyer
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alexandra R. Steck
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Charles G. Longen
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sanjana Venkat
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Konuralp Bayrak
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Eleanor B. Munger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Dan Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Paola A. Castagnino
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Christina M. Sanders
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nathalia A. Tancler
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - My T. Mai
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Justin P. Myers
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew J. Schiewer
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Urology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Elahe A. Mostaghel
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington
| | - Felix J. Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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15
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Yang T, Qu X, Wang X, Xu D, Sheng M, Lin Y, Ke M, Song C, Xia Q, Jiang L, Li J, Farmer DG, Ke B. The macrophage STING-YAP axis controls hepatic steatosis by promoting the autophagic degradation of lipid droplets. Hepatology 2023:01515467-990000000-00616. [PMID: 37870294 PMCID: PMC11035483 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The hallmark of NAFLD or hepatic steatosis is characterized by lipid droplet (LD) accumulation in hepatocytes. Autophagy may have profound effects on lipid metabolism and innate immune response. However, how innate immune activation may regulate the autophagic degradation of intracellular LDs remains elusive. APPROACH AND RESULTS A mouse model of a high-fat diet-induced NASH was used in the myeloid-specific stimulator of interferon genes (STING) knockout or STING/yes-associated protein (YAP) double knockout mice. Liver injury, lipid accumulation, lipid droplet proteins, autophagic genes, chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with massively parallel sequencing, and RNA-Seq were assessed in vivo and in vitro . We found that high-fat diet-induced oxidative stress activates STING and YAP pathways in hepatic macrophages. The acrophage STING deficiency (myeloid-specific STING knockout) enhances nuclear YAP activity, reduces lipid accumulation, and increases autophagy-related proteins ATG5, ATG7, and light chain 3B but diminishes LD protein perilipin 2 expression. However, disruption of STING and YAP (myeloid STING and YAP double knockout) increases serum alanine aminotransferase and triglyceride levels and reduces β-fatty acid oxidation gene expression but augments perilipin 2 levels, exacerbating high-fat diet-induced lipid deposition. Chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with massively parallel sequencing reveals that macrophage YAP targets transmembrane protein 205 and activates AMP-activated protein kinase α, which interacts with hepatocyte mitofusin 2 and induces protein disulfide isomerase activation. Protein disulfide isomerase activates hypoxia-inducible factor-1α signaling, increases autophagosome colocalization with LDs, and promotes the degradation of perilipin 2 by interacting with chaperone-mediated autophagy chaperone HSC70. CONCLUSIONS The macrophage STING-YAP axis controls hepatic steatosis by reprogramming lipid metabolism in a transmembrane protein 205/mitofusin 2/protein disulfide isomerase-dependent pathway. These findings highlight the regulatory mechanism of the macrophage STING-driven YAP activity on lipid control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- The Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoye Qu
- The Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- The Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongwei Xu
- The Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingwei Sheng
- The Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yuanbang Lin
- The Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michael Ke
- The Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ci Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Longfeng Jiang
- The Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Douglas G. Farmer
- The Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Bibo Ke
- The Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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16
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Wang Y, Liu T, Cai Y, Liu W, Guo J. SIRT6's function in controlling the metabolism of lipids and glucose in diabetic nephropathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1244705. [PMID: 37876546 PMCID: PMC10591331 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1244705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and the main cause of excess mortality in patients with type 2 DM. The pathogenesis and progression of DN are closely associated with disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism. As a member of the sirtuin family, SIRT6 has deacetylation, defatty-acylation, and adenosine diphosphate-ribosylation enzyme activities as well as anti-aging and anticancer activities. SIRT6 plays an important role in glucose and lipid metabolism and signaling, especially in DN. SIRT6 improves glucose and lipid metabolism by controlling glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, affecting insulin secretion and transmission and regulating lipid decomposition, transport, and synthesis. Targeting SIRT6 may provide a new therapeutic strategy for DN by improving glucose and lipid metabolism. This review elaborates on the important role of SIRT6 in glucose and lipid metabolism, discusses the potential of SIRT6 as a therapeutic target to improve glucose and lipid metabolism and alleviate DN occurrence and progression of DN, and describes the prospects for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Country Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tongtong Liu
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuzi Cai
- Country Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weijing Liu
- Country Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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17
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Shang W, Ye A, Tong YK. Sub-Cellular Dynamic Analysis of BGC823 Cells after Treatment with the Multi-Component Drug CKI Using Raman Spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12750. [PMID: 37628931 PMCID: PMC10454546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-component drugs (MCDs) can induce various cellular changes covering multiple levels, from molecular and subcellular structure to cell morphology. A "non-invasive" method for comprehensively detecting the dynamic changes of cellular fine structure and chemical components on the subcellular level is highly desirable for MCD studies. In this study, the subcellular dynamic processes of gastric cancer BGC823 cells after treatment with a multi-component drug, Compound Kushen Injection (CKI), were investigated using a homemade, high-resolution, confocal Raman spectroscopy (RS) device combined with bright-field imaging. The Raman spectra of the nucleus, cytoplasm and intracellular vesicles (0.4-1 μm) were collected simultaneously for each cell treated with CKI at different times and doses. The RS measurements showed that CKI decreased the DNA signatures, which the drug is known to inhibit. Meanwhile, the CKI-induced subcellular dynamic changes in the appearance of numerous intracellular vesicles and the deconstruction of cytoplasm components were observed and discussed. The results demonstrated that high-resolution subcellular micro-Raman spectroscopy has potential for detecting fine cellular dynamic variation induced by drugs and the screening of MCDs in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Shang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Biomed-X Center, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Anpei Ye
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Biomed-X Center, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yu-Kai Tong
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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18
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Li T, Jin Y, Wu J, Ren Z. Beyond energy provider: multifunction of lipid droplets in embryonic development. Biol Res 2023; 56:38. [PMID: 37438836 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-023-00449-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery, lipid droplets (LDs) have been recognized to be sites of cellular energy reserves, providing energy when necessary to sustain cellular life activities. Many studies have reported large numbers of LDs in eggs and early embryos from insects to mammals. The questions of how LDs are formed, what role they play, and what their significance is for embryonic development have been attracting the attention of researchers. Studies in recent years have revealed that in addition to providing energy for embryonic development, LDs in eggs and embryos also function to resist lipotoxicity, resist oxidative stress, inhibit bacterial infection, and provide lipid and membrane components for embryonic development. Removal of LDs from fertilized eggs or early embryos artificially leads to embryonic developmental arrest and defects. This paper reviews recent studies to explain the role and effect mechanisms of LDs in the embryonic development of several species and the genes involved in the regulation. The review contributes to understanding the embryonic development mechanism and provides new insight for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases related to embryonic developmental abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai Li
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuqing Ren
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, P. R. China.
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China.
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19
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Han J, Li S, Wang W, Jiang X, Liu C, Lei L, Li Y, Sheng R, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Si S. SIRT1 Activator E1231 Alleviates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating Lipid Metabolism. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:5052-5070. [PMID: 37367070 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45060321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases. Silencing information regulator 1 (SIRT1) was demonstrated to modulate cholesterol and lipid metabolism in NAFLD. Here, a novel SIRT1 activator, E1231, was studied for its potential improvement effects on NAFLD. C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet (HFHC) for 40 weeks to create a NAFLD mouse model, and E1231 was administered by oral gavage (50 mg/kg body weight, once/day) for 4 weeks. Liver-related plasma biochemistry parameter tests, Oil Red O staining, and hematoxylin-eosin staining results showed that E1231 treatment ameliorated plasma dyslipidemia, plasma marker levels of liver damage (alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)), liver total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) contents, and obviously decreased hepatic steatosis score and NAFLD Activity Score (NAS) in the NAFLD mouse model. Western blot results showed that E1231 treatment significantly regulated lipid-metabolism-related protein expression. In particular, E1231 treatment increased SIRT1, PGC-1α, and p-AMPKα protein expression but decreased ACC and SCD-1 protein expression. Additionally, in vitro studies demonstrated that E1231 inhibited lipid accumulation and improved mitochondrial function in free-fatty-acid-challenged hepatocytes, and required SIRT1 activation. In conclusion, this study illustrated that the SIRT1 activator E1231 alleviated HFHC-induced NAFLD development and improved liver injury by regulating the SIRT1-AMPKα pathway, and might be a promising candidate compound for NAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangxue Han
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shunwang Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Weizhi Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xinhai Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chao Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lijuan Lei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yining Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ren Sheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yuyan Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yexiang Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yanni Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shuyi Si
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, National Center for Screening Novel Microbial Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Tiantan Xili 1#, Beijing 100050, China
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20
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Chen P, Wu M, He Y, Jiang B, He ML. Metabolic alterations upon SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential therapeutic targets against coronavirus infection. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:237. [PMID: 37286535 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01510-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection has become a global pandemic due to the high viral transmissibility and pathogenesis, bringing enormous burden to our society. Most patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms. Although only a small proportion of patients progressed to severe COVID-19 with symptoms including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), disseminated coagulopathy, and cardiovascular disorders, severe COVID-19 is accompanied by high mortality rates with near 7 million deaths. Nowadays, effective therapeutic patterns for severe COVID-19 are still lacking. It has been extensively reported that host metabolism plays essential roles in various physiological processes during virus infection. Many viruses manipulate host metabolism to avoid immunity, facilitate their own replication, or to initiate pathological response. Targeting the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and host metabolism holds promise for developing therapeutic strategies. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent studies dedicated to uncovering the role of host metabolism during the life cycle of SARS-CoV-2 in aspects of entry, replication, assembly, and pathogenesis with an emphasis on glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism. Microbiota and long COVID-19 are also discussed. Ultimately, we recapitulate metabolism-modulating drugs repurposed for COVID-19 including statins, ASM inhibitors, NSAIDs, Montelukast, omega-3 fatty acids, 2-DG, and metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiran Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mandi Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yaqing He
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Binghua Jiang
- Cell Signaling and Proteomic Center, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ming-Liang He
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, Hong Kong, China.
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21
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Alizadeh J, Kavoosi M, Singh N, Lorzadeh S, Ravandi A, Kidane B, Ahmed N, Mraiche F, Mowat MR, Ghavami S. Regulation of Autophagy via Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082195. [PMID: 37190124 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic changes are an important component of tumor cell progression. Tumor cells adapt to environmental stresses via changes to carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Autophagy, a physiological process in mammalian cells that digests damaged organelles and misfolded proteins via lysosomal degradation, is closely associated with metabolism in mammalian cells, acting as a meter of cellular ATP levels. In this review, we discuss the changes in glycolytic and lipid biosynthetic pathways in mammalian cells and their impact on carcinogenesis via the autophagy pathway. In addition, we discuss the impact of these metabolic pathways on autophagy in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Alizadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Mahboubeh Kavoosi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Navjit Singh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Shahrokh Lorzadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Amir Ravandi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Albrechtsen Research Centre, St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Biniam Kidane
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Health Sciences Centre, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 6C5, Canada
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Naseer Ahmed
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Department of Radiology, Section of Radiation Oncology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Fatima Mraiche
- College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Michael R Mowat
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academia of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada
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22
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Brouillard M, Kinet R, Joyeux M, Dehay B, Crauste-Manciet S, Desvergnes V. Modulating Lysosomal pH through Innovative Multimerized Succinic Acid-Based Nucleolipid Derivatives. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:572-580. [PMID: 36853958 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The multimerization of active compounds has emerged as a successful approach, mainly to address the multivalency of numerous biological targets. Regarding the pharmaceutical prospect, carrying several active ingredient units on the same synthetic scaffold was a practical approach to enhance drug delivery or biological activity with a lower global concentration. Various examples have highlighted better in vivo stability and therapeutic efficiency through sustained action over monomeric molecules. The synthesis strategy aims to covalently connect biologically active monomers to a central core using simple and efficient reaction steps. Despite extensive studies reporting carbohydrate or even peptide multimerization developed for therapeutic activities, very few are concerned with nucleic acid derivatives. In the context of our efforts to build non-viral nucleolipid (NL)-based nanocarriers to restore lysosomal acidification defects, we report here a straightforward synthesis of tetrameric NLs, designed as prodrugs that are able to release no more than one but four biocompatible succinic acid units. The use of oil-in-water nanoemulsion-type vehicles allowed the development of lipid nanosystems crossing the membranes of human neuroblastoma cells. Biological evaluations have proved the effective release of the acid within the lysosome of a genetic and cellular model of Parkinson's disease through the recovery of an optimal lysosomal pH associated with a remarkably fourfold lower concentration of active ingredients than with the corresponding monomers. Overall, these results suggest the feasibility, the therapeutic opportunity, and the better tolerance of multimeric compounds compared to only monomer molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Brouillard
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1212, UMR CNRS 5320, Bordeaux 33405, France
| | - Rémi Kinet
- Univ. de Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, Bordeaux F-33000, France
| | - Marie Joyeux
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1212, UMR CNRS 5320, Bordeaux 33405, France
| | - Benjamin Dehay
- Univ. de Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, Bordeaux F-33000, France
| | - Sylvie Crauste-Manciet
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1212, UMR CNRS 5320, Bordeaux 33405, France
- Univ. Angers, CHU Angers, INSERM, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Valérie Desvergnes
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1212, UMR CNRS 5320, Bordeaux 33405, France
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23
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Corral Nieto Y, Yakhine-Diop SMS, Moreno-Cruz P, Manrique García L, Gabrielly Pereira A, Morales-García JA, Niso-Santano M, González-Polo RA, Uribe-Carretero E, Durand S, Maiuri MC, Paredes-Barquero M, Alegre-Cortés E, Canales-Cortés S, López de Munain A, Pérez-Tur J, Pérez-Castillo A, Kroemer G, Fuentes JM, Bravo-San Pedro JM. Changes in Liver Lipidomic Profile in G2019S- LRRK2 Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050806. [PMID: 36899942 PMCID: PMC10000529 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of Parkinson's disease (PD) biomarkers has become a main goal for the diagnosis of this neurodegenerative disorder. PD has not only been intrinsically related to neurological problems, but also to a series of alterations in peripheral metabolism. The purpose of this study was to identify metabolic changes in the liver in mouse models of PD with the scope of finding new peripheral biomarkers for PD diagnosis. To achieve this goal, we used mass spectrometry technology to determine the complete metabolomic profile of liver and striatal tissue samples from WT mice, 6-hydroxydopamine-treated mice (idiopathic model) and mice affected by the G2019S-LRRK2 mutation in LRRK2/PARK8 gene (genetic model). This analysis revealed that the metabolism of carbohydrates, nucleotides and nucleosides was similarly altered in the liver from the two PD mouse models. However, long-chain fatty acids, phosphatidylcholine and other related lipid metabolites were only altered in hepatocytes from G2019S-LRRK2 mice. In summary, these results reveal specific differences, mainly in lipid metabolism, between idiopathic and genetic PD models in peripheral tissues and open up new possibilities to better understand the etiology of this neurological disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaiza Corral Nieto
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sokhna M. S. Yakhine-Diop
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER-CIBERNED-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Paula Moreno-Cruz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Manrique García
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Amanda Gabrielly Pereira
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José A. Morales-García
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER-CIBERNED-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mireia Niso-Santano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER-CIBERNED-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Rosa A. González-Polo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER-CIBERNED-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Elisabet Uribe-Carretero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER-CIBERNED-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Sylvère Durand
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Maria Chiara Maiuri
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Marta Paredes-Barquero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Eva Alegre-Cortés
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Saray Canales-Cortés
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Adolfo López de Munain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER-CIBERNED-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Neuroscience Area of Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Donostia University Hospital, OSAKIDETZA, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- Ilundain Foundation, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
- Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV-EHU, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Jordi Pérez-Tur
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER-CIBERNED-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia-CSIC, Unidad de Genética Molecular, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Genética y Neurología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Pérez-Castillo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER-CIBERNED-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Inserm U1138, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hopital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
| | - José M. Fuentes
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER-CIBERNED-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura (INUBE), 10003 Cáceres, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.M.F.); (J.M.B.-S.P.)
| | - José M. Bravo-San Pedro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER-CIBERNED-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.M.F.); (J.M.B.-S.P.)
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24
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Magneto-mechanical therapeutic effects and associated cell death pathways of magnetic nanocomposites with distinct geometries. Acta Biomater 2023; 161:238-249. [PMID: 36858162 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed important developments in the emerging field of magneto-mechanical therapies. While such approaches have been demonstrated as a highly efficient route to augment, complement, or entirely replace other therapeutic strategies, important aspects are still poorly understood. Among these, the dependence between the cell death pathway and the geometry of magnetic nanocomposites enabling magneto-mechanical therapies under a low-frequency rotating magnetic field (RMF) is yet to be deciphered. To provide insights into this important problem, we evaluate the cell death pathway for two magnetic nanocomposites with highly distinct geometries: Zn0.2Fe2.8O4-PLGA magnetic nanospheres (MNSs) and Zn0.2Fe2.8O4-PLGA magnetic nanochains (MNCs). We show that under exposure to an RMF, the MNSs and the MNCs exhibit a corkscrewed circular propulsion mode and a steering propulsion mode, respectively. This distinct behavior, with important implications for the associated magneto-mechanical forces exerted by these nanomaterials on surrounding structures (e.g., the cellular membrane), depends on their specific geometries. Next, using numerical simulations and cell viability experiments, we demonstrate that the field strength of the RMF and the rotating speed of the MNSs or MNCs have strong implications for their magneto-mechanical therapeutic performance. Last, we reveal that the magneto-mechanical effects of MNSs are more prone to induce cell apoptosis, whereas those of the MNCs favor instead cell necrosis. Overall, this work enhances the current understanding of the dependences existing between the magneto-mechanical therapeutic effects of magnetic nanocomposites with different geometries and associated cell death pathways, paving the way for novel functionalization routes which could enable significantly enhanced cures and biomedical tools. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE.
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25
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Cauvi DM, Hawisher D, Derunes J, De Maio A. Phosphatidylcholine Liposomes Reprogram Macrophages toward an Inflammatory Phenotype. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:141. [PMID: 36837644 PMCID: PMC9968183 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipids are the major components of cellular membranes and cell-derived vesicles such as exosomes. They are also key components of artificial lipid nanoparticles, allowing the encapsulation and transport of various biological or chemical cargos. Both artificial and natural vesicles could be captured by cells delivering important information that could modulate cellular functions. However, the potential contribution of phospholipids within vesicles altering cellular physiology has been largely underestimated. Here, we showed that macrophages exposed to liposomes made exclusively with palmitoyl oleoyl phosphatidylcholine (POPC) in vivo resulted in a dramatic alteration of the transcriptome profile. Differential gene expression analysis indicated that the exposure to POPC liposomes resulted in a change in the expression of 1598 genes. Moreover, 146 genes were upregulated, and 69 genes were downregulated by incubation with POPC liposomes in contrast to palmitoyl oleoyl phosphatidylserine (POPS) exposure. Signaling pathway impact analysis revealed that 24 signaling pathways were significantly modulated after exposure to POPC liposomes, including the activation of the NF-κB pathway. Indeed, the expression of several cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10) and chemokines (Cxcl1 and Cxcl2) were increased. These observations were validated by the exposure of macrophages to POPC liposomes in culture conditions. In addition, the proteomic analysis of peritoneal cells exposed to POPC liposomes performed by mass spectrometry revealed that the expression of 107 proteins was downregulated after POPC exposure, whereas the expression of 12 proteins was significantly upregulated by this treatment, including seven proteins involved in the neutrophil degranulation pathway. This observation was confirmed by flow cytometry analysis showing the rapid recruitment of neutrophils into the peritoneal cavity after POPC exposure. Overall, these findings demonstrate that the presence of phospholipids within artificial and natural vesicles could be responsible for changes in the function of target cells.
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26
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Hoxha M, Zappacosta B. A review on the role of fatty acids in colorectal cancer progression. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1032806. [PMID: 36578540 PMCID: PMC9791100 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1032806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of mortality in cancer patients. The role of fatty acids (FA) and their metabolism in cancer, particularly in CRC raises a growing interest. In particular, dysregulation of synthesis, desaturation, elongation, and mitochondrial oxidation of fatty acids are involved. Here we review the current evidence on the link between cancer, in particular CRC, and fatty acids metabolism, not only to provide insight on its pathogenesis, but also on the development of novel biomarkers and innovative pharmacological therapies that are based on FAs dependency of cancer cells.
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27
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Barahona I, Rada P, Calero-Pérez S, Grillo-Risco R, Pereira L, Soler-Vázquez MC, LaIglesia LM, Moreno-Aliaga MJ, Herrero L, Serra D, García-Monzon C, González-Rodriguez Á, Balsinde J, García-García F, Valdecantos MP, Valverde ÁM. Ptpn1 deletion protects oval cells against lipoapoptosis by favoring lipid droplet formation and dynamics. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:2362-2380. [PMID: 35681014 PMCID: PMC9751306 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01023-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of oval cells (OCs) has been related to hepatocyte injury during chronic liver diseases including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, OCs plasticity can be affected under pathological environments. We previously found protection against hepatocyte cell death by inhibiting protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). Herein, we investigated the molecular and cellular processes involved in the lipotoxic susceptibility in OCs expressing or not PTP1B. Palmitic acid (PA) induced apoptotic cell death in wild-type (Ptpn1+/+) OCs in parallel to oxidative stress and impaired autophagy. This lipotoxic effect was attenuated in OCs lacking Ptpn1 that showed upregulated antioxidant defences, increased unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling, higher endoplasmic reticulum (ER) content and elevated stearoyl CoA desaturase (Scd1) expression and activity. These effects in Ptpn1-/- OCs concurred with an active autophagy, higher mitochondrial efficiency and a molecular signature of starvation, favoring lipid droplet (LD) formation and dynamics. Autophagy blockade in Ptpn1-/- OCs reduced Scd1 expression, mitochondrial fitness, LD formation and restored lipoapoptosis, an effect also recapitulated by Scd1 silencing. PTP1B immunostaining was detected in OCs from mouse liver and, importantly, LDs were found in OCs from Ptpn1-/- mice with NAFLD. In conclusion, we demonstrated that Ptpn1 deficiency restrains lipoapoptosis in OCs through a metabolic rewiring towards a "starvation-like" fate, favoring autophagy, mitochondrial fitness and LD formation. Dynamic LD-lysosomal interations likely ensure lipid recycling and, overall, these adaptations protect against lipotoxicity. The identification of LDs in OCs from Ptpn1-/- mice with NAFLD opens therapeutic perspectives to ensure OC viability and plasticity under lipotoxic liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Barahona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Rada
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Calero-Pérez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruben Grillo-Risco
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Principe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Pereira
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - M Carmen Soler-Vázquez
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura María LaIglesia
- University of Navarra, Center for Nutrition Research and Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María J Moreno-Aliaga
- University of Navarra, Center for Nutrition Research and Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Laura Herrero
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolors Serra
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmelo García-Monzon
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, 28009, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Águeda González-Rodriguez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, 28009, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Balsinde
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Francisco García-García
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Principe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Pilar Valdecantos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ángela M Valverde
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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Pajić T, Todorović NV, Živić M, Nikolić SN, Rabasović MD, Clayton AHA, Krmpot AJ. Label-free third harmonic generation imaging and quantification of lipid droplets in live filamentous fungi. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18760. [PMID: 36335164 PMCID: PMC9637149 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23502-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the utilization of Third-Harmonic Generation microscopy for label-free live cell imaging of lipid droplets in the hypha of filamentous fungus Phycomyces blakesleeanus. THG microscopy images showed bright spherical features dispersed throughout the hypha cytoplasm in control conditions and a transient increase in the number of bright features after complete nitrogen starvation. Colocalization analysis of THG and lipid-counterstained images disclosed that the cytoplasmic particles were lipid droplets. Particle Size Analysis and Image Correlation Spectroscopy were used to quantify the number density and size of lipid droplets. The two analysis methods both revealed an increase from 16 × 10-3 to 23 × 10-3 lipid droplets/µm2 after nitrogen starvation and a decrease in the average size of the droplets (range: 0.5-0.8 µm diameter). In conclusion, THG imaging, followed by PSA and ICS, can be reliably used for filamentous fungi for the in vivo quantification of lipid droplets without the need for labeling and/or fixation. In addition, it has been demonstrated that ICS is suitable for THG microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Pajić
- grid.7149.b0000 0001 2166 9385Faculty of Biology, Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, Belgrade, 11158 Serbia
| | - Nataša V. Todorović
- grid.7149.b0000 0001 2166 9385Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11000 Serbia
| | - Miroslav Živić
- grid.7149.b0000 0001 2166 9385Faculty of Biology, Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, Belgrade, 11158 Serbia
| | - Stanko N. Nikolić
- grid.7149.b0000 0001 2166 9385Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Pregrevica 118, Belgrade, 11080 Serbia
| | - Mihailo D. Rabasović
- grid.7149.b0000 0001 2166 9385Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Pregrevica 118, Belgrade, 11080 Serbia
| | - Andrew H. A. Clayton
- grid.1027.40000 0004 0409 2862Department of Physics and Astronomy, Optical Sciences Centre, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122 Australia
| | - Aleksandar J. Krmpot
- grid.7149.b0000 0001 2166 9385Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Pregrevica 118, Belgrade, 11080 Serbia
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29
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Liu Q, Xiao JJ, Wang S, Li Y, Yang LJ, Lu QY, Wu XY, Cao J, Yu H, Zhang BF. Paraoxonase 1 Ameliorates Renal Lipotoxicity by Activating Lipophagy and Inhibiting Pyroptosis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:1531-1545. [PMID: 35963464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Several studies in recent years have shown that lipid overload causes lipotoxic damage to the kidney, and oxidative stress, inflammation, and autophagic arrest are all important mechanisms of renal lipotoxicity. However, effective measures with therapeutic effects on renal lipotoxicity are limited. The present study indicated the protective effect of the paraoxonase 1 (PON1) against renal lipotoxicity in high-fat diet-fed scavenger receptor class B type I-deficient (SR-BI-/-) mice. The results showed that SR-BI-/- mice exhibited significant renal pathologic characteristics, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis, under a normal chow diet, and were accompanied by dyslipidemia and reduced plasma PON1 activity and renal PON1 levels. PON1 overexpression significantly attenuated the above pathologic changes in the kidneys of SR-BI-/- mice fed with a high-fat diet. Mechanistically, PON1 may ameliorate renal oxidative stress by reducing reactive oxygen species production, reduce renal lipid accumulation by inhibiting AKT/mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase pathway to activate lipophagy, and reduce the occurrence of inflammation and cell death by inhibiting Nod-like receptor family protein 3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis. The present study is the first to show that PON1 overexpression can effectively alleviate renal lipotoxicity injury, and PON1 may be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of renal lipotoxicity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, China
| | - Jing-Jie Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Jiao Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian-Yu Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, China.
| | - Bai-Fang Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan, China.
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30
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Phenylarsine oxide inhibits the accumulation of lipid droplets in macrophages. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:1931-1934. [PMID: 36239353 PMCID: PMC10157529 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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31
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Pu J. Targeting the lysosome: Mechanisms and treatments for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:1624-1633. [PMID: 35605052 PMCID: PMC9617749 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The multiple functions of the lysosome, including degradation, nutrient sensing, signaling, and gene regulation, enable the lysosome to regulate lipid metabolism at different levels. In this review, I summarize the recent studies on lysosomal regulation of lipid metabolism and the alterations of the lysosome functions in the livers affected by nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD is a highly prevalent lipid metabolic disorder. The progression of NAFLD leads to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and other severe liver diseases, and thus the prevention and treatments of NAFLD progression are critically needed. Targeting the lysosome is a promising strategy. I also discuss the current manipulations of the lysosome functions in the preclinical studies of NAFLD and propose my perspectives on potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Pu
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Autophagy, Inflammation, and Metabolism (AIM) Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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32
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Chen Z, Ouyang C, Zhang H, Gu Y, Deng Y, Du C, Cui C, Li S, Wang W, Kong W, Chen J, Cai J, Geng B. Vascular smooth muscle cell-derived hydrogen sulfide promotes atherosclerotic plaque stability via TFEB (transcription factor EB)-mediated autophagy. Autophagy 2022; 18:2270-2287. [PMID: 35090378 PMCID: PMC9542771 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2026097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contribute to plaque stability. VSMCs are also a major source of CTH (cystathionine gamma-lyase)-hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a protective gasotransmitter in atherosclerosis. However, the role of VSMC endogenous CTH-H2S in pathogenesis of plaque stability and the mechanism are unknown. In human carotid plaques, CTH expression in ACTA2+ cells was dramatically downregulated in lesion areas in comparison to non-lesion areas. Intraplaque CTH expression was positively correlated with collagen content, whereas there was a negative correlation with CD68+ and necrotic core area, resulting in a rigorous correlation with vulnerability index (r = -0.9033). Deletion of Cth in VSMCs exacerbated plaque vulnerability, and were associated with VSMC autophagy decline, all of which were rescued by H2S donor. In ox-LDL treated VSMCs, cth deletion reduced collagen and heightened apoptosis association with autophagy reduction, and vice versa. For the mechanism, CTH-H2S mediated VSMC autophagosome formation, autolysosome formation and lysosome function, in part by activation of TFEB, a master regulator for autophagy. Interference with TFEB blocked CTH-H2S effects on VSMCs collagen and apoptosis. Next, we demonstrated that CTH-H2S sulfhydrated TFEB at Cys212 site, facilitating its nuclear translocation, and then promoting transcription of its target genes such as ATG9A, LAPTM5 or LDLRAP1. Conclusively, CTH-H2S increases VSMC autophagy by sulfhydration and activation of TFEB, promotes collagen secretion and inhibits apoptosis, thereby attenuating atherogenesis and plaque vulnerability. CTH-H2S may act as a warning biomarker for vulnerable plaque.Abbreviations ATG9A: autophagy related 9A; CTH: cystathionine gamma-lyase; CQ: chloroquine; HASMCs: human aortic smooth muscle cells; H2S: hydrogen sulfide; LAMP1: lysosomal associated membrane protein 1; LAPTM5: lysosomal protein transmembrane 5; NaHS: sodium hydrosulfide hydrate; ox-LDL: oxidized-low density lipoprotein; PPG: DL- propagylglycine; TFEB: transcription factor EB; 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; VSMCs: vascular smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Chen
- Hypertension Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chenxi Ouyang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Haizeng Zhang
- Hypertension Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanrui Gu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Deng
- Hypertension Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Congkuo Du
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changting Cui
- Hypertension Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangyue Li
- Hypertension Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- Hypertension Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jingzhou Chen
- Hypertension Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,CONTACT Jingzhou Chen ; Jun Cai ; Bin Geng Hypertension Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Hypertension Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Geng
- Hypertension Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Lu R, Chen J, Wang F, Wang L, Liu J, Lin Y. Lysosome Inhibition Reduces Basal and Nutrient-Induced Fat Accumulation in Caenorhabditis elegans. Mol Cells 2022; 45:649-659. [PMID: 36058890 PMCID: PMC9448645 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2022.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A long-term energy nutritional imbalance fundamentally causes the development of obesity and associated fat accumulation. Lysosomes, as nutrient-sensing and lipophagy centers, critically control cellular lipid catabolism in response to nutrient deprivation. However, whether lysosome activity is directly involved in nutrient-induced fat accumulation remains unclear. In this study, worm fat accumulation was induced by 1 mM glucose or 0.02 mM palmitic acid supplementation. Along with the elevation of fat accumulation, lysosomal number and acidification were also increased, suggesting that lysosome activity might be correlated with nutrient-induced fat deposition in Caenorhabditis elegans. Furthermore, treatments with the lysosomal inhibitors chloroquine and leupeptin significantly reduced basal and nutrient-induced fat accumulation in C. elegans. The knockdown of hlh-30, which is a critical gene in lysosomal biogenesis, also resulted in worm fat loss. Finally, the mutation of aak-2, daf-15, and rsks-1 showed that mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex-1) signaling mediated the effects of lysosomes on basal and nutrient-induced fat accumulation in C. elegans. Overall, this study reveals the previously undescribed role of lysosomes in overnutrition sensing, suggesting a new strategy for controlling body fat accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Lu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Juan Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Fangbin Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioprocess, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yan Lin
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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Zhao W, Teng M, Zhang J, Wang K, Zhang J, Xu Y, Wang C. Insights into the mechanisms of organic pollutant toxicity to earthworms: Advances and perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 303:119120. [PMID: 35283202 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Earthworms play positive ecological roles in soil formation, structure, and fertility, environmental protection, and terrestrial food chains. For this review, we searched the Web of Science database for articles published from 2011 to 2021 using the keywords "toxic" and "earthworm" and retrieved 632 publications. From the perspective of bibliometric analysis, we conducted a co-occurrence network analysis using the keywords "toxic" and "earthworm" to identify the most and least reported topics. "Eisenia fetida," "bioaccumulation," "heavy metals," "oxidative stress," and "pesticides" were the most common terms, and "microbial community," "bacteria," "PFOS," "bioaugmentation," "potentially toxic elements," "celomic fluid," "neurotoxicity," "joint toxicity," "apoptosis," and "nanoparticles" were uncommon terms. Additionally, in this review we highlight the main routes of organic pollutant entry into soil, and discuss the adverse effects on the soil ecosystem. We then systematically review the mechanisms underlying organic pollutant toxicity to earthworms, including oxidative stress, energy and lipid metabolism disturbances, neurological toxicity, intestinal inflammation and injury, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and reproductive toxicity. We conclude by discussing future research perspectives, focusing on environmentally relevant concentrations and conditions, novel data processing approaches, technologies, and detoxification and mitigation methods. This review has implications for soil management in the context of environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentian Zhao
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Miaomiao Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Disease and Pests, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, People's Republic Of China
| | - Jialu Zhang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chengju Wang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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35
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Florance I, Chandrasekaran N, Gopinath PM, Mukherjee A. Exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics impairs lipid metabolism in human and murine macrophages in vitro. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 238:113612. [PMID: 35561548 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of polystyrene micro and nanoplastics in cosmetics and personal care products continues to grow every day. The harmful effects of their biological accumulation in organisms of all trophic levels including humans have been reported by several studies. While we have accumulating evidence on the impact of nanoplastics on different organ systems in humans, only a handful of reports on the impact of polystyrene nanoplastics upon direct contact with the immune system at the cellular level are avialable. The present study offers significant evidence on the cell-specific harmful impact of sulfate-modified nanoplastics (S-NPs) on human macrophages. Here we report that exposure of human macrophages to S-NPs (100 µg/mL) stimulated the accumulation of lipids droplets (LDs) in the cytoplasm resulting in the differentiation of macrophages into foam cells. The observed effect was specific for human and murine macrophages but not for other cell types, especially human keratinocytes, liver, and lung cell models. Furthermore, we found that S-NPs mediated LDs accumulation in human macrophages was accompanied by acute mitochondrial oxidative stress. The accumulated LDs were further delivered and accumulated into lysosomes leading to impaired lysosomal clearance. In conclusion, our study reveals that exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics stabilized with anionic surfactants can be a potent stimulus for dysregulation of lipid metabolism and macrophage foam cell formation, a characteristic feature observed during atherosclerosis posing a serious threat to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Florance
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu, India; School of Bioseciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Natarajan Chandrasekaran
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Ponnusamy Manogaran Gopinath
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu, India; School of Bioseciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu, India
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36
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Xu C, Fan J. Links between autophagy and lipid droplet dynamics. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:2848-2858. [PMID: 35560198 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a catabolic process in which cytoplasmic components are delivered to vacuoles or lysosomes for degradation and nutrient recycling. Autophagy-mediated degradation of membrane lipids provides a source of fatty acids for the synthesis of energy-rich, storage lipid esters such as triacylglycerol (TAG). In eukaryotes, storage lipids are packaged into dynamic subcellular organelles, lipid droplets. In times of energy scarcity, lipid droplets can be degraded via autophagy in a process termed lipophagy to release fatty acids for energy production via fatty acid β-oxidation. On the other hand, emerging evidence suggests that lipid droplets are required for the efficient execution of autophagic processes. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of metabolic interactions between autophagy and TAG storage, and discuss mechanisms of lipophagy. Free fatty acids are cytotoxic due to their detergent-like properties and their incorporation into lipid intermediates that are toxic at high levels. Thus, we also discuss how cells manage lipotoxic stresses during autophagy-mediated mobilization of fatty acids from lipid droplets and organellar membranes for energy generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changcheng Xu
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Jilian Fan
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
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37
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Long M, Sanchez-Martinez A, Longo M, Suomi F, Stenlund H, Johansson AI, Ehsan H, Salo VT, Montava-Garriga L, Naddafi S, Ikonen E, Ganley IG, Whitworth AJ, McWilliams TG. DGAT1 activity synchronises with mitophagy to protect cells from metabolic rewiring by iron depletion. EMBO J 2022; 41:e109390. [PMID: 35411952 PMCID: PMC9108618 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021109390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy removes defective mitochondria via lysosomal elimination. Increased mitophagy coincides with metabolic reprogramming, yet it remains unknown whether mitophagy is a cause or consequence of such state changes. The signalling pathways that integrate with mitophagy to sustain cell and tissue integrity also remain poorly defined. We performed temporal metabolomics on mammalian cells treated with deferiprone, a therapeutic iron chelator that stimulates PINK1/PARKIN-independent mitophagy. Iron depletion profoundly rewired the metabolome, hallmarked by remodelling of lipid metabolism within minutes of treatment. DGAT1-dependent lipid droplet biosynthesis occurred several hours before mitochondrial clearance, with lipid droplets bordering mitochondria upon iron chelation. We demonstrate that DGAT1 inhibition restricts mitophagy in vitro, with impaired lysosomal homeostasis and cell viability. Importantly, genetic depletion of DGAT1 in vivo significantly impaired neuronal mitophagy and locomotor function in Drosophila. Our data define iron depletion as a potent signal that rapidly reshapes metabolism and establishes an unexpected synergy between lipid homeostasis and mitophagy that safeguards cell and tissue integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maeve Long
- Translational Stem Cell Biology & Metabolism Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Marianna Longo
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation & Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, The Sir James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Fumi Suomi
- Translational Stem Cell Biology & Metabolism Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hans Stenlund
- Swedish Metabolomics Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Annika I Johansson
- Swedish Metabolomics Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Homa Ehsan
- Translational Stem Cell Biology & Metabolism Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veijo T Salo
- Translational Stem Cell Biology & Metabolism Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lambert Montava-Garriga
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation & Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, The Sir James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Seyedehshima Naddafi
- Translational Stem Cell Biology & Metabolism Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elina Ikonen
- Translational Stem Cell Biology & Metabolism Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ian G Ganley
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation & Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, The Sir James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | | | - Thomas G McWilliams
- Translational Stem Cell Biology & Metabolism Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Yokoi K, Yamaguchi K, Umezawa M, Tsuchiya K, Aoki S. Induction of Paraptosis by Cyclometalated Iridium Complex-Peptide Hybrids and CGP37157 via a Mitochondrial Ca 2+ Overload Triggered by Membrane Fusion between Mitochondria and the Endoplasmic Reticulum. Biochemistry 2022; 61:639-655. [PMID: 35363482 PMCID: PMC9022229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that a cyclometalated iridium (Ir) complex-peptide hybrid (IPH) 4 functionalized with a cationic KKKGG peptide unit on the 2-phenylpyridine ligand induces paraptosis, a relatively newly found programmed cell death, in cancer cells (Jurkat cells) via the direct transport of calcium (Ca2+) from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to mitochondria. Here, we describe that CGP37157, an inhibitor of a mitochondrial sodium (Na+)/Ca2+ exchanger, induces paraptosis in Jurkat cells via intracellular pathways similar to those induced by 4. The findings allow us to suggest that the induction of paraptosis by 4 and CGP37157 is associated with membrane fusion between mitochondria and the ER, subsequent Ca2+ influx from the ER to mitochondria, and a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). On the contrary, celastrol, a naturally occurring triterpenoid that had been reported as a paraptosis inducer in cancer cells, negligibly induces mitochondria-ER membrane fusion. Consequently, we conclude that the paraptosis induced by 4 and CGP37157 (termed paraptosis II herein) proceeds via a signaling pathway different from that of the previously known paraptosis induced by celastrol, a process that negligibly involves membrane fusion between mitochondria and the ER (termed paraptosis I herein).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Yokoi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamaguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Masakazu Umezawa
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Koji Tsuchiya
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Shin Aoki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.,Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.,Research Institute for Biomedical Science (RIBS), Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
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39
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Heckel E, Cagnone G, Agnihotri T, Cakir B, Das A, Kim JS, Kim N, Lavoie G, Situ A, Pundir S, Sun Y, Wünnemann F, Pierce KA, Dennis C, Mitchell GA, Chemtob S, Rezende FA, Andelfinger G, Clish CB, Roux PP, Sapieha P, Smith LE, Joyal JS. Triglyceride-derived fatty acids reduce autophagy in a model of retinal angiomatous proliferation. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e154174. [PMID: 35167498 PMCID: PMC8986067 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.154174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia and autophagy have been implicated in the pathogenesis of blinding neovascular age-related macular degeneration (NV-AMD). VLDL receptor (VLDLR), expressed in photoreceptors with a high metabolic rate, facilitates the uptake of triglyceride-derived fatty acids. Since fatty acid uptake is reduced in Vldlr-/- tissues, more remain in circulation, and the retina is fuel deficient, driving the formation in mice of neovascular lesions reminiscent of retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP), a subtype of NV-AMD. Nutrient scarcity and energy failure are classically mitigated by increasing autophagy. We found that excess circulating lipids restrained retinal autophagy, which contributed to pathological angiogenesis in the Vldlr-/- RAP model. Triglyceride-derived fatty acid sensed by free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFAR1) restricted autophagy and oxidative metabolism in photoreceptors. FFAR1 suppressed transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master regulator of autophagy and lipid metabolism. Reduced TFEB, in turn, decreased sirtuin-3 expression and mitochondrial respiration. Metabolomic signatures of mouse RAP-like retinas were consistent with a role in promoting angiogenesis. This signature was also found in human NV-AMD vitreous. Restoring photoreceptor autophagy in Vldlr-/- retinas, either pharmacologically or by deleting Ffar1, enhanced metabolic efficiency and suppressed pathological angiogenesis. Dysregulated autophagy by circulating lipids might therefore contribute to the energy failure of photoreceptors driving neovascular eye diseases, and FFAR1 may be a target for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Heckel
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gael Cagnone
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tapan Agnihotri
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bertan Cakir
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ashim Das
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jin Sung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicholas Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Lavoie
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), and
| | - Anu Situ
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sheetal Pundir
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ye Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Florian Wünnemann
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kerry A. Pierce
- Metabolomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Courtney Dennis
- Metabolomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Grant A. Mitchell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Flavio A. Rezende
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gregor Andelfinger
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Clary B. Clish
- Metabolomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Philippe P. Roux
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), and
| | - Przemyslaw Sapieha
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lois E.H. Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jean-Sébastien Joyal
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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40
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Machlovi SI, Neuner SM, Hemmer BM, Khan R, Liu Y, Huang M, Zhu JD, Castellano JM, Cai D, Marcora E, Goate AM. APOE4 confers transcriptomic and functional alterations to primary mouse microglia. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 164:105615. [PMID: 35031484 PMCID: PMC8934202 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Common genetic variants in more than forty loci modulate risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD risk alleles are enriched within enhancers active in myeloid cells, suggesting that microglia, the brain-resident macrophages, may play a key role in the etiology of AD. A major genetic risk factor for AD is Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, with the ε4/ε4 (E4) genotype increasing risk for AD by approximately 15 fold compared to the most common ε3/ε3 (E3) genotype. However, the impact of APOE genotype on microglial function has not been thoroughly investigated. To address this, we cultured primary microglia from mice in which both alleles of the mouse Apoe gene have been humanized to encode either human APOE ε3 or APOE ε4. Relative to E3 microglia, E4 microglia exhibit altered morphology, increased endolysosomal mass, increased cytokine/chemokine production, and increased lipid and lipid droplet accumulation at baseline. These changes were accompanied by decreased translation and increased phosphorylation of eIF2ɑ and eIF2ɑ-kinases that participate in the integrated stress response, suggesting that E4 genotype leads to elevated levels of cellular stress in microglia relative to E3 genotype. Using live-cell imaging and flow cytometry, we also show that E4 microglia exhibited increased phagocytic uptake of myelin and other substrates compared to E3 microglia. While transcriptomic profiling of myelin-challenged microglia revealed a largely overlapping response profile across genotypes, differential enrichment of genes in interferon signaling, extracellular matrix and translation-related pathways was identified in E4 versus E3 microglia both at baseline and following myelin challenge. Together, our results suggest E4 genotype confers several important functional alterations to microglia even prior to myelin challenge, providing insight into the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which APOE4 may increase risk for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima I Machlovi
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah M Neuner
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, New York, NY, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brittany M Hemmer
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Riana Khan
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yiyuan Liu
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, New York, NY, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Min Huang
- James J Peters VA Medical Center, Research & Development, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, New York, NY, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Zhu
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph M Castellano
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, New York, NY, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dongming Cai
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, USA; James J Peters VA Medical Center, Research & Development, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, New York, NY, USA; Alzheimer Disease Research Center, New York, NY, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edoardo Marcora
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, New York, NY, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alison M Goate
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, New York, NY, USA; Alzheimer Disease Research Center, New York, NY, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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41
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Autophagy Improves ARA-Rich TAG Accumulation in Mortierella alpina by Regulating Resource Allocation. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0130021. [PMID: 35138146 PMCID: PMC8881083 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01300-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to explore the possibility of improving lipid production in oleaginous filamentous fungus Mortierella alpina based on an autophagy regulation strategy. According to multiomics information, vacuolate-centered macroautophagy was identified as the main type of autophagy in M. alpina under nitrogen-limited conditions. Mutation of autophagy-related gene MAatg8 led to impaired fatty acid synthesis, while overexpression of both MAatg8 and phosphatidylserine decarboxylases (MApsd2) showed promoting effects on fatty acid synthesis. MAatg8 overexpression strain with external supply of ethanolamine significantly increased arachidonic acid (ARA)-rich triacylglycerol (TAG) and biomass synthesis in M. alpina, and the final fatty acid content increased by approximately 110% compared with that in the wild-type strain. Metabolomics and lipidomics analyses revealed that cell autophagy enhanced the recycling of preformed carbon, nitrogen, and lipid in mycelium, and the released carbon skeleton and energy were contributed to the accumulation of TAG in M. alpina. This study suggests that regulation of autophagy-related MAatg8-phosphatidylethanolamine (MAatg8-PE) conjugation system could be a promising strategy for attaining higher lipid production and biomass growth. The mechanism of autophagy in regulating nitrogen limitation-induced lipid accumulation elucidated in this study provides a reference for development of autophagy-based strategies for improving nutrient use efficiency and high value-added lipid production by oleaginous microorganism. IMPORTANCE Studies have indicated that functional oil accumulation occurs in oleaginous microorganisms under nitrogen limitation. However, until now, large-scale application of nitrogen-deficiency strategies was limited by low biomass. Therefore, the identification of the critical nodes of nitrogen deficiency-induced lipid accumulation is urgently needed to further guide functional oil production. The significance of our research is in uncovering the function of cell autophagy in the ARA-rich TAG accumulation of oleaginous fungus M. alpina and demonstrating the feasibility of improving lipid production based on an autophagy regulation strategy at the molecular and omics levels. Our study proves that regulation of cell autophagy through the MAatg8-PE conjugation system-related gene overexpression or exogenous supply of ethanolamine would be an efficient strategy to increase and maintain biomass productivity when high TAG content is obtained under nitrogen deficiency, which could be useful for the development of new strategies that will achieve more biomass and maximal lipid productivity.
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42
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Yang S, Hou Y, Zhang H, Hao Y, Zhang Y, Zhao Z, Ruan W, Duan X. ATP6V1H deficiency impairs glucose tolerance by augmenting endoplasmic reticulum stress in high fat diet fed mice. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 716:109116. [PMID: 34990584 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) is a ubiquitous proton pump that mediates the proton transmembrane transportation in various cells. Previously, H subunit of V-ATPase (ATP6V1H) was found to be related with insulin secretion and diabetes. However, the mechanism by which ATP6V1H regulates insulin secretion and glucose metabolism remains unclear. Herein, we established a high-fat-diet (HFD) fed model with Atp6v1h+/- mice and detected the expression and secretion of insulin and some biochemical indices of glucose metabolism, in order to explore the related mechanisms in β-cells. Transcriptome sequencing, qPCR and western blot analysis showed that ATP6V1H deficiency worsened fatty acid-induced glucose tolerance impairment by augmenting endoplasmic reticulum stress in β-cells, and alternative splicing of ATP6V1H might be involved in this process. These results indicated that ATP6V1H deficiency increased the susceptibility to T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University. Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yuzhuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University. Xi'an, 710032, China; College of Stomatology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Hengwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University. Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ying Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University. Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University. Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zanyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University. Xi'an, 710032, China; School of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000, China
| | - Wenyan Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University. Xi'an, 710032, China; College of Stomatology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Xiaohong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University. Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Shen Y, Zhang W, Li G, Ning P, Li Z, Chen H, Wei X, Pan X, Qin Y, He B, Yu Z, Cheng Y. Adaptive Control of Nanomotor Swarms for Magnetic-Field-Programmed Cancer Cell Destruction. ACS NANO 2021; 15:20020-20031. [PMID: 34807565 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic nanomotors (MNMs), powered by a magnetic field, are ideal platforms to achieve versatile biomedical applications in a collective and spatiotemporal fashion. Although the programmable swarm of MNMs that mimics the highly ordered behaviors of living creatures has been extensively studied at the microscale, it is of vital importance to manipulate MNM swarms at the nanoscale for on-demand tasks at the cellular level. In this work, a Cy5-tagged caspase-3-specific peptide-modified MNM is designed, and the adaptive control behaviors of MNM swarms are revealed in lysosomes to induce the cancer cell apoptosis under a rotating magnetic field (RMF). A magneto-programmed vortex is predicted to occur with swarms under RMF by the finite element method model and verified in vitro. According to the dynamic model and numerical simulation, the critical rotating frequency under which MNMs are out of step is strongly correlated to their assembling and swarming properties. The adaptivity of swarms maximizes the synchronous rotation to achieve an optimal energy conversion rate. The frequency-adapted controllability of MNM swarms for cancer cell apoptosis is observed in real time in vitro and in vivo. This work provides theoretical and experimental insights to adaptively control MNM swarms for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Shen
- Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1800 Yuntai Road, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Gang Li
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Peng Ning
- Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1800 Yuntai Road, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Zhenguang Li
- Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1800 Yuntai Road, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Haotian Chen
- Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1800 Yuntai Road, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xueyan Wei
- Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1800 Yuntai Road, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xin Pan
- Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 1800 Yuntai Road, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yao Qin
- Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1800 Yuntai Road, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Bin He
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Zuoren Yu
- Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1800 Yuntai Road, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1800 Yuntai Road, Shanghai 200120, China
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Cabrera-Reyes F, Parra-Ruiz C, Yuseff MI, Zanlungo S. Alterations in Lysosome Homeostasis in Lipid-Related Disorders: Impact on Metabolic Tissues and Immune Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:790568. [PMID: 34957117 PMCID: PMC8703004 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.790568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid-related disorders, which primarily affect metabolic tissues, including adipose tissue and the liver are associated with alterations in lysosome homeostasis. Obesity is one of the more prevalent diseases, which results in energy imbalance within metabolic tissues and lysosome dysfunction. Less frequent diseases include Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) and Gaucher diseases, both of which are known as Lysosomal Storage Diseases (LSDs), where lysosomal dysfunction within metabolic tissues remains to be fully characterized. Adipocytes and hepatocytes share common pathways involved in the lysosome-autophagic axis, which are regulated by the function of cathepsins and CD36, an immuno-metabolic receptor and display alterations in lipid diseases, and thereby impacting metabolic functions. In addition to intrinsic defects observed in metabolic tissues, cells of the immune system, such as B cells can infiltrate adipose and liver tissues, during metabolic imbalance favoring inflammation. Moreover, B cells rely on lysosomes to promote the processing and presentation of extracellular antigens and thus could also present lysosome dysfunction, consequently affecting such functions. On the other hand, growing evidence suggests that cells accumulating lipids display defective inter-organelle membrane contact sites (MCSs) established by lysosomes and other compartments, which contribute to metabolic dysfunctions at the cellular level. Overall, in this review we will discuss recent findings addressing common mechanisms that are involved in lysosome dysregulation in adipocytes and hepatocytes during obesity, NPC, and Gaucher diseases. We will discuss whether these mechanisms may modulate the function of B cells and how inter-organelle contacts, emerging as relevant cellular mechanisms in the control of lipid homeostasis, have an impact on these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Cabrera-Reyes
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Parra-Ruiz
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Isabel Yuseff
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Silvana Zanlungo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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45
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Han Y, Xiong S, Zhao H, Yang S, Yang M, Zhu X, Jiang N, Xiong X, Gao P, Wei L, Xiao Y, Sun L. Lipophagy deficiency exacerbates ectopic lipid accumulation and tubular cells injury in diabetic nephropathy. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1031. [PMID: 34718329 PMCID: PMC8557213 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04326-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy-mediated lipotoxicity plays a critical role in the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN), but the precise mechanism is not fully understood. Whether lipophagy, a selective type of autophagy participates in renal ectopic lipid deposition (ELD) and lipotoxicity in the kidney of DN is unknown. Here, decreased lipophagy, increased ELD and lipotoxcity were observed in tubular cells of patients with DN, which were accompanied with reduced expression of AdipoR1 and p-AMPK. Similar results were found in db/db mice, these changes were reversed by AdipoRon, an adiponectin receptor activator that promotes autophagy. Additionally, a significantly decreased level of lipophagy was observed in HK-2 cells, a human proximal tubular cell line treated with high glucose, which was consistent with increased lipid deposition, apoptosis and fibrosis, while were partially alleviated by AdipoRon. However, these effects were abolished by pretreatment with ULK1 inhibitor SBI-0206965, autophagy inhibitor chloroquine and enhanced by AMPK activator AICAR. These data suggested by the first time that autophagy-mediated lipophagy deficiency plays a critical role in the ELD and lipid-related renal injury of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachun Han
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shan Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shikun Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xuejing Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Na Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaofen Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Rehman NU, Zeng P, Mo Z, Guo S, Liu Y, Huang Y, Xie Q. Conserved and Diversified Mechanism of Autophagy between Plants and Animals upon Various Stresses. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1736. [PMID: 34829607 PMCID: PMC8615172 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved degradation mechanism in eukaryotes, executing the breakdown of unwanted cell components and subsequent recycling of cellular material for stress relief through vacuole-dependence in plants and yeast while it is lysosome-dependent in animal manner. Upon stress, different types of autophagy are stimulated to operate certain biological processes by employing specific selective autophagy receptors (SARs), which hijack the cargo proteins or organelles to the autophagy machinery for subsequent destruction in the vacuole/lysosome. Despite recent advances in autophagy, the conserved and diversified mechanism of autophagy in response to various stresses between plants and animals still remain a mystery. In this review, we intend to summarize and discuss the characterization of the SARs and their corresponding processes, expectantly advancing the scope and perspective of the evolutionary fate of autophagy between plants and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Ur Rehman
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (N.U.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Peichun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (N.U.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Zulong Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (N.U.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Shaoying Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (N.U.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Yunfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
| | - Yifeng Huang
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou 310001, China
| | - Qingjun Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (N.U.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.M.); (S.G.)
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Hu P, Li H, Sun W, Wang H, Yu X, Qing Y, Wang Z, Zhu M, Xu J, Guo Q, Hui H. Cholesterol-associated lysosomal disorder triggers cell death of hematological malignancy: Dynamic analysis on cytotoxic effects of LW-218. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:3178-3192. [PMID: 34729308 PMCID: PMC8546890 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The integrity of lysosomes is of vital importance to survival of tumor cells. We demonstrated that LW-218, a synthetic flavonoid, induced rapid lysosomal enlargement accompanied with lysosomal membrane permeabilization in hematological malignancy. LW-218-induced lysosomal damage and lysosome-dependent cell death were mediated by cathepsin D, as the lysosomal damage and cell apoptosis could be suppressed by depletion of cathepsin D or lysosome alkalization agents, which can alter the activity of cathepsins. Lysophagy, was initiated for cell self-rescue after LW-218 treatment and correlated with calcium release and nuclei translocation of transcription factor EB. LW-218 treatment enhanced the expression of autophagy-related genes which could be inhibited by intracellular calcium chelator. Sustained exposure to LW-218 exhausted the lysosomal capacity so as to repress the normal autophagy. LW-218-induced enlargement and damage of lysosomes were triggered by abnormal cholesterol deposition on lysosome membrane which caused by interaction between LW-218 and NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1. Moreover, LW-218 inhibited the leukemia cell growth in vivo. Thus, the necessary impact of integral lysosomal function in cell rescue and death were illustrated.
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Key Words
- AO, acridine orange
- ATG, autophagy related
- BAF A1, bafilomycin A1
- BID, BH3-interacting domain death agonist
- CCK8, Cell Counting Kit
- CTSB, cathepsin B
- CTSD, cathepsin D
- CaN, calcineurin
- Cathepsin D
- Cholesterol
- CsA, cyclosporine A
- DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride
- DCFH-DA, 2,7-dichlorodi-hydrofluorescein diacetate
- Dex, dexamethasone
- EGTA, ethylene glycol-bis(2-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- Hematological malignancies
- K48, lysine 48
- K63, lysine 63
- LAMPs, lysosomal-associated membrane proteins
- LC3, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3
- LCD, lysosome-dependent cell death
- LMP, lysosome membrane permeabilization
- LW-218
- Lysophagy
- Lysosomal damage
- Lysosomal membrane permeabilization
- Lysosome-dependent cell death
- NH4Cl, ammonium chloride
- NPC, Niemann-Pick type disease C
- NPC1, NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1
- OD, optical density
- P62/SQSTM1, sequestosome 1
- PBMCs, peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- RAB7A, RAS-related protein RAB-7a
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- RT-qPCR, real time quantitative PCR
- TFEB, transcription factor EB
- TRPML1, transient receptor potential mucolipin 1
- shRNA, short hairpin RNA
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Fan Y, Lu J, Liu J, Zhang R, Yu Z, Guan S. 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol induced hepatic lipid accumulation by inhibiting autophagy via AKT/mTOR/FOXO1 pathway in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 157:112578. [PMID: 34560177 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Our study investigated the effects of food contaminant 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (1,3-DCP) on hepatic lipid metabolism and its mechanism. We found that triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and the number of lipid droplets (LDs) were increased in the liver of C57BL/6 mice given intragastric administration of 1,3-DCP for 30 days. Meanwhile, 1,3-DCP inhibited autophagosomes and lysosomes formation, reflected by decreased LC3-II, LAMP1, LAMP2, CTSD, CTSB expression, increased p62 expression and decreased LC3 fluorescence. Subsequently, we detected the changes of hepatic lipid accumulation caused by 1,3-DCP using an autophagy inducer or inhibitor. In vivo, Hepatic lipid accumulation caused by 1,3-DCP was mitigated by the autophagy inducer Rapa. On the contrary, the autophagy inhibitor (chloroquine or 3-methyladenine) further exacerbated hepatic lipid accumulation caused by 1,3-DCP. 1,3-DCP reduced the number of autophagosomes encapsulated LDs, assessed by colocalization of LD and LC3. These data demonstrated that 1,3-DCP induced lipid accumulation by inhibiting autophagy. We further investigated the mechanism of 1,3-DCP-inhibited autophagy and found 1,3-DCP increased the ratios of p-AKT/AKT, p-mTOR/mTOR, p-FOXO1/FOXO1, decreased FOXO1 nuclear localization in vivo. These proteins may be involved in the regulation of 1,3-DCP-mediated autophagy. We detected the changes in autophagy marker protein LC3-II and lipid accumulation using an AKT inhibitor ARQ-092 or a mTOR inhibitor rapamycin in HepG2 cells. Compared with 1,3-DCP group, lipid accumulation was decreased, LC3-II and FOXO1 nuclear localization were increased, p-FOXO1 levels were decreased in HepG2 cells pretreated with ARQ-092 or rapamycin. Taken together, these data revealed that the effects of 1,3-DCP on lipid accumulation by inhibiting autophagy were dependent on AKT/mTOR/FOXO1 signaling pathway. Our study not only supplied the mechanism of 1,3-DCP toxicity, but also provided experimental basis for effective intervention measures of 1,3-DCP toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Fan
- College of Food Science and Engneering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lu
- College of Food Science and Engneering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Liu
- College of Food Science and Engneering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Ranran Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engneering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Zelin Yu
- College of Food Science and Engneering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Guan
- College of Food Science and Engneering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China.
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Li R, Lu Y, Zhang Q, Liu W, Yang R, Jiao J, Liu J, Gao G, Yang H. Piperine promotes autophagy flux by P2RX4 activation in SNCA/α-synuclein-induced Parkinson disease model. Autophagy 2021; 18:559-575. [PMID: 34092198 PMCID: PMC9037522 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1937897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactory dysfunction, one of the earliest non-motor symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD), is accompanied by abnormal deposition of SNCA/α-synuclein in the olfactory bulb (OB). The macroautophagy/autophagy-lysosome pathway (ALP) plays an important role in degrading pathological SNCA and modulating this pathway may be a promising treatment strategy. P2RX4 (purinergic receptor P2X, ligand-gated ion channel 4), a member of the purinergic receptor X family, is a key molecule regulating ALP. Piperine (PIP) is a Chinese medicine with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. The present study investigated the neuroprotective effects of PIP on SNCA overexpression-induced PD cell and mouse models. We found that PIP oral administration (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) for 6 weeks attenuated olfactory deficits and delayed motor deficits in Thy 1-SNCA transgenic mice overexpressing human SNCA. This was accompanied by a degradation of pathological SNCA in OB. In addition, PIP improved cell viability and promoted degradation of human SNCA in SK-N-SH cells. These protective effects were exerted via autophagy flux promotion by enhancing autophagosome-lysosome membrane fusion. Furthermore, tandem mass tag proteomics analyses showed that P2RX4 plays an important role in PIP treatment-induced activation of autophagy flux. These findings demonstrate that PIP exerts neuroprotective effects in PD models via promotion of autophagy flux and may be an effective agent for PD treatment. Abbreviations: 6-OHDA, 6-hydroxydopamine; ALP, autophagy-lysosome pathway; BafA1, bafilomycin A1; CoQ10, coenzyme Q10; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide; HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography; IVE, ivermectin; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; MAP1LC3/LC3-II, lipid-conjugated microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; MPTP, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; mRFP-GFP, tandem monomeric red fluorescent protein-green fluorescent protein; MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; OB, olfactory bulb; P2RX4, purinergic receptor P2X, ligand-gated ion channel 4; PD, Parkinson disease; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; PI: propidium iodide; PIP, piperine; PLG, piperlongumine; p-SNCA, SNCA phosphorylated at Ser129; Rap, rapamycin; RT-PCR: quantitative real-time PCR; SNARE, soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor-attachment protein receptor; SNCA/α-synuclein, synuclein, alpha; STX17, syntaxin17; TG, transgenic; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; UPS, ubiquitin-proteasome system; WT, wild-type
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruolin Li
- Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson's Disease, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College, Jining, China
| | - Yongquan Lu
- Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson's Disease, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qidi Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson's Disease, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Weijin Liu
- Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson's Disease, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Runing Yang
- Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson's Disease, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Jiao
- Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson's Disease, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ge Gao
- Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson's Disease, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson's Disease, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Subcellular Localizations of Catalase and Exogenously Added Fatty Acid in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081940. [PMID: 34440712 PMCID: PMC8391285 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids are important biological components, yet the metabolism of fatty acids in microalgae is not clearly understood. Previous studies found that Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the model microalga, incorporates exogenously added fatty acids but metabolizes them differently from animals and yeast. Furthermore, a recent metabolic flux analysis found that the majority of lipid turnover in C. reinhardtii is the recycling of acyl chains from and to membranes, rather than β -oxidation. This indicates that for the alga, the maintenance of existing acyl chains may be more valuable than their breakdown for energy. To gain cell-biological knowledge of fatty acid metabolism in C. reinhardtii, we conducted microscopy analysis with fluorescent probes. First, we found that CAT1 (catalase isoform 1) is in the peroxisomes while CAT2 (catalase isoform 2) is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum, indicating the alga is capable of detoxifying hydrogen peroxide that would be produced during β-oxidation in the peroxisomes. Second, we compared the localization of exogenously added FL-C16 (fluorescently labelled palmitic acid) with fluorescently marked endosomes, mitochondria, peroxisomes, lysosomes, and lipid droplets. We found that exogenously added FL-C16 are incorporated and compartmentalized via a non-endocytic route within 10 min. However, the fluorescence signals from FL-C16 did not colocalize with any marked organelles, including peroxisomes. During triacylglycerol accumulation, the fluorescence signals from FL-C16 were localized in lipid droplets. These results support the idea that membrane turnover is favored over β-oxidation in C. reinhardtii. The knowledge gained in these analyses would aid further studies of the fatty acid metabolism.
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