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Pengam M, Moisan C, Simon B, Guernec A, Inizan M, Amérand A. Training protocols differently affect AMPK-PGC-1α signaling pathway and redox state in trout muscle. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2020; 243:110673. [PMID: 32044445 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Beneficial effects of physical exercise training are in part related to enhancement of muscle mitochondrial performance. The effects of two different trainings were investigated on transcripts and proteins of the AMPK-PGC-1α signaling pathway, the mitochondrial functioning (citrate synthase (CS), oxidative phosphorylation complexes, uncoupling proteins (UCP)) and the antioxidant defenses (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase) in rainbow trout red and white skeletal muscles. One group of trouts swam for 10 days at a moderate intensity (approximately 57% Ucrit or 2.0 body lengths/s, 23.5 h/day) and another group at a high intensity (approximately 90% Ucrit or 3.2 body lengths/s, 2 h/day). In the red muscle, the increase of Cs mRNA levels was significantly correlated with the transcripts of Ampkα1, Ampkα2, Pgc-1α, the oxidative phosphorylation complexes, Ucp2α, Ucp2β, Sod1, Sod2 and Gpx1. After 10 days of training, high intensity training (HIT) stimulates more the transcription of genes involved in this aerobic pathway than moderate intensity training (MIT) in the skeletal muscles, and mainly in the red oxidative muscle. However, no changes in CS, cytochrome c oxidase (COX) and antioxidant defenses activities and in oxidative stress marker (isoprostane plasmatic levels) were observed. The transcriptomic responses are fiber- and training-type dependent when proteins were not yet expressed after 10 days of training. As in mammals, our results suggest that HIT could promote benefit effects in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Pengam
- Université de Brest, EA 4324 ORPHY, UFR Sciences et Techniques, 6 avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, F-29200 Brest, France
| | - Christine Moisan
- Université de Brest, EA 4324 ORPHY, UFR Sciences et Techniques, 6 avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, F-29200 Brest, France
| | - Bernard Simon
- Université de Brest, EA 4324 ORPHY, UFR Sciences et Techniques, 6 avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, F-29200 Brest, France
| | - Anthony Guernec
- Université de Brest, EA 4324 ORPHY, UFR Sciences et Techniques, 6 avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, F-29200 Brest, France
| | - Manon Inizan
- Université de Brest, EA 4324 ORPHY, UFR Sciences et Techniques, 6 avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, F-29200 Brest, France
| | - Aline Amérand
- Université de Brest, EA 4324 ORPHY, UFR Sciences et Techniques, 6 avenue Victor Le Gorgeu, F-29200 Brest, France.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The goal of this review is to review the role that renal parenchymal lipid accumulation plays in contributing to diabetic kidney disease (DKD), specifically contributing to the mitochondrial dysfunction observed in glomerular renal cells in the context of DKD development and progression. RECENT FINDINGS Mitochondrial dysfunction has been observed in experimental and clinical DKD. Recently, Ayanga et al. demonstrate that podocyte-specific deletion of a protein involved in mitochondrial dynamics protects from DKD progression. Furthermore, our group has recently shown that ATP-binding cassette A1 (a protein involved in cholesterol and phospholipid efflux) is significantly reduced in clinical and experimental DKD and that genetic or pharmacological induction of ABCA1 is sufficient to protect from DKD. ABCA1 deficiency in podocytes leads to mitochondrial dysfunction observed with alterations of mitochondrial lipids, in particular, cardiolipin (a mitochondrial-specific phospholipid). However, through pharmacological reduction of cardiolipin peroxidation DKD progression is reverted. Lipid metabolism is significantly altered in the diabetic kidney and renders cellular components, such as the podocyte, susceptible to injury leading to worsened DKD progression. Dysfunction of the lipid metabolism pathway can also lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial lipid alteration. Future research aimed at targeting mitochondrial lipids content and function could prove to be beneficial for the treatment of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Michelle Ducasa
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alla Mitrofanova
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL, USA
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alessia Fornoni
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1580 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL, USA.
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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van den Hoek AM, Zondag GCM, Verschuren L, de Ruiter C, Attema J, de Wit EC, Schwerk AMK, Guigas B, Lek S, Rietman A, Strijker R, Kleemann R. A novel nutritional supplement prevents muscle loss and accelerates muscle mass recovery in caloric-restricted mice. Metabolism 2019; 97:57-67. [PMID: 31153978 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle atrophy is defined as decreased muscle mass, associated with aging as well as with various chronic diseases and is a fundamental cause of frailty, functional decline and disability. Frailty represents a huge potential public health issue worldwide with high impact on healthcare costs. A major clinical issue is therefore to devise new strategies preventing muscle atrophy. In this study, we tested the efficacy of Vital01, a novel oral nutritional supplement (ONS), on body weight and muscle mass using a caloric restriction-induced mouse model for muscle atrophy. METHODS Mice were calorically restricted for 2 weeks to induce muscle atrophy: one control group received 60% kcal of the normal chow diet and one intervention group received 30% kcal chow and 30 kcal% Vital01. The effects on body weight, lean body mass, muscle histology and transcriptome were assessed. In addition, the effects of Vital01, in mice with established muscle atrophy, were assessed and compared to a standard ONS. To this end, mice were first calorically restricted on a 60% kcal chow diet and then refed with either 100 kcal% chow, a mix of Vital01 (receiving 60% kcal chow and 40 kcal% Vital01) or with a mix of standard, widely prescribed ONS (receiving 60 kcal% chow and 40 kcal% Fortisip Compact). RESULTS Vital01 attenuated weight loss (-15% weight loss for Vital01 vs. -25% for control group, p < 0.01) and loss of muscle mass (Vital01 with -13%, -12% and -18%, respectively, for gastrocnemius, quadriceps and tibialis vs. 25%, -23% and -28%, respectively, for control group, all p < 0.05) and also restored body weight, fat and muscle mass more efficiently when compared to Fortisip Compact. As assessed by transcriptome analysis and Western blotting of key proteins (e.g. phospoAKT, mTOR and S6K), Vital01 attenuated the catabolic and anabolic signaling pathways induced by caloric restriction and modulated inflammatory and mitochondrial pathways. In addition, Vital01 affected pathways related to matrix proteins/collagens homeostasis and tended to reduce caloric restriction-induced collagen fiber density in the quadriceps (with -27%, p = 0.051). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that Vital01 preserves muscle mass in a calorically restricted mouse model for muscle atrophy. Vital01 had preventive effects when administered during development of muscle atrophy. Furthermore, when administered in a therapeutic setting to mice with established muscle atrophy, Vital01 rapidly restored body weight and accelerated the recurrence of fat and lean body mass more efficiently than Fortisip Compact. Bioinformatics analysis of gene expression data identified regulatory pathways that were specifically influenced by Vital01 in muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita M van den Hoek
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Lars Verschuren
- Department of Microbiology and Systems Biology, The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Zeist, the Netherlands
| | - Christa de Ruiter
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Joline Attema
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Elly C de Wit
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Anne M K Schwerk
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Bruno Guigas
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Serene Lek
- Clinnovate Health UK Ltd, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Robert Kleemann
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, the Netherlands
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Ak Sonat F, Alcay S, Toker MB, Peker S, Ustuner B. The effects of dietary restriction and administration of β-glucan from Euglena gracilis on the sperm characteristics and reproductive organs of rats. Andrologia 2018; 50:e13088. [PMID: 29987855 DOI: 10.1111/and.13088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to demonstrate the possible individual and/or synergistic effects of β-glucan and dietary restrictions on the reproductive parameters of rats. For this purpose, forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four equal groups (n = 10 per group). The first group was the control, the second group was kept under dietary restriction (DR), the third group was kept under a dietary restriction and given β-glucan (DR + βG) and the fourth group was supplemented only with β-glucan (βG; 20 mg/kg) intragastrically for 14 days. Motility, vitality and morphology of spermatozoa, reproductive organ weights (testis, vesicula seminalis and epididymis) and seminiferous tubule diameters were evaluated in experimental rats. β-glucan had excellent effects on motility, live spermatozoa rate and the acrosome integrity when compared to the control group (p < 0.05). We also observed that β-glucan administration to rats having dietary restriction could improve sperm motility and acrosome integrity (p < 0.05). While the β-glucan improved seminiferous tubule diameter (p < 0.05), weights of the reproductive organs did not change positively as a result. This study demonstrated that β-glucan treatment significantly improved some spermatological characteristics in rats. Therefore, treatment with β-glucan could be used for its positive effects on motility, spermatozoa vitality rate and acrosome integrity for infertile men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fusun Ak Sonat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uludag University, Görükle/Bursa, Turkey
| | - Selim Alcay
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uludag University, Gorukle/Bursa, Turkey
| | - Mehmed Berk Toker
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uludag University, Gorukle/Bursa, Turkey
| | - Sabire Peker
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uludag University, Gorukle/Bursa, Turkey
| | - Burcu Ustuner
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uludag University, Gorukle/Bursa, Turkey
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Odinokova IV, Baburina YL, Kruglov AG, Santalova IM, Azarashvili TS, Krestinina OV. Operation of the Permeability Transition Pore in Rat Heart Mitochondria in Aging. BIOCHEMISTRY MOSCOW SUPPLEMENT SERIES A-MEMBRANE AND CELL BIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990747818020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Salles J, Chanet A, Berry A, Giraudet C, Patrac V, Domingues-Faria C, Rocher C, Guillet C, Denis P, Pouyet C, Bonhomme C, Le Ruyet P, Rolland Y, Boirie Y, Walrand S. Fast digestive, leucine-rich, soluble milk proteins improve muscle protein anabolism, and mitochondrial function in undernourished old rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28758352 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE One strategy to manage malnutrition in older patients is to increase protein and energy intake. Here, we evaluate the influence of protein quality during refeeding on improvement in muscle protein and energy metabolism. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-month-old male rats (n = 40) were fed 50% of their spontaneous intake for 12 weeks to induce malnutrition, then refed ad libitum with a standard diet enriched with casein or soluble milk proteins (22%) for 4 weeks. A 13C-valine was infused to measure muscle protein synthesis and expression of MuRF1, and MAFbx was measured to evaluate muscle proteolysis. mTOR pathway activation and mitochondrial function were assessed in muscle. Malnutrition was associated with a decrease in body weight, fat mass, and lean mass, particularly muscle mass. Malnutrition decreased muscle mTOR pathway activation and protein FSR associated with increased MuRF1 mRNA levels, and decreased mitochondrial function. The refeeding period partially restored fat mass and lean mass. Unlike the casein diet, the soluble milk protein diet improved muscle protein metabolism and mitochondrial function in old malnourished rats. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that providing better-quality proteins during refeeding may improve efficacy of renutrition in malnourished older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Salles
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Audrey Chanet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Alexandre Berry
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Christophe Giraudet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Véronique Patrac
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Carla Domingues-Faria
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Christelle Guillet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Philippe Denis
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Corinne Pouyet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Cécile Bonhomme
- Lactalis Nutrition Santé, Torcé, France
- Lactalis Research and Development, Retiers, France
| | - Pascale Le Ruyet
- Lactalis Nutrition Santé, Torcé, France
- Lactalis Research and Development, Retiers, France
| | - Yves Rolland
- Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Institut du Vieillissement, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France
- UMR INSERM 1027, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Yves Boirie
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clinical Nutrition Department, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stéphane Walrand
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Villalba JM, López-Domínguez JA, Chen Y, Khraiwesh H, González-Reyes JA, Del Río LF, Gutiérrez-Casado E, Del Río M, Calvo-Rubio M, Ariza J, de Cabo R, López-Lluch G, Navas P, Hagopian K, Burón MI, Ramsey JJ. The influence of dietary fat source on liver and skeletal muscle mitochondrial modifications and lifespan changes in calorie-restricted mice. Biogerontology 2015; 16:655-70. [PMID: 25860863 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-015-9572-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The Membrane Theory of Aging proposes that lifespan is inversely related to the level of unsaturation in membrane phospholipids. Calorie restriction (CR) without malnutrition extends lifespan in many model organisms, which may be related to alterations in membrane phospholipids fatty acids. During the last few years our research focused on studying how altering the predominant fat source affects the outcome of CR in mice. We have established four dietary groups: one control group fed 95 % of a pre-determined ad libitum intake (in order to prevent obesity), and three CR groups fed 40 % less than ad libitum intake. Lipid source for the control and one of the CR groups was soybean oil (high in n-6 PUFA) whereas the two remaining CR groups were fed diets containing fish oil (high in n-3 PUFA), or lard (high in saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids). Dietary intervention periods ranged from 1 to 18 months. We performed a longitudinal lifespan study and a cross-sectional study set up to evaluate several mitochondrial parameters which included fatty acid composition, H(+) leak, activities of electron transport chain enzymes, ROS generation, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial ultrastructure, and mitochondrial apoptotic signaling in liver and skeletal muscle. These approaches applied to different cohorts of mice have independently indicated that lard as a fat source often maximizes the effects of 40 % CR on mice. These effects could be due to significant increases of monounsaturated fatty acids levels, in accordance with the Membrane Theory of Aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Villalba
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, 3ª planta, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, 14014, Córdoba, Spain,
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Salles J, Cardinault N, Patrac V, Berry A, Giraudet C, Collin ML, Chanet A, Tagliaferri C, Denis P, Pouyet C, Boirie Y, Walrand S. Bee pollen improves muscle protein and energy metabolism in malnourished old rats through interfering with the Mtor signaling pathway and mitochondrial activity. Nutrients 2014; 6:5500-16. [PMID: 25470375 PMCID: PMC4276980 DOI: 10.3390/nu6125500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the management of malnutrition is a priority in older people, this population shows a resistance to refeeding. Fresh bee pollen contains nutritional substances of interest for malnourished people. The aim was to evaluate the effect of fresh bee pollen supplementation on refeeding efficiency in old malnourished rats. Male 22-month-old Wistar rats were undernourished by reducing food intake for 12 weeks. The animals were then renourished for three weeks with the same diet supplemented with 0%, 5% or 10% of fresh monofloral bee pollen. Due to changes in both lean mass and fat mass, body weight decreased during malnutrition and increased after refeeding with no between-group differences (p < 0.0001). Rats refed with the fresh bee pollen-enriched diets showed a significant increase in muscle mass compared to restricted rats (p < 0.05). The malnutrition period reduced the muscle protein synthesis rate and mTOR/p70S6kinase/4eBP1 activation, and only the 10%-pollen diet was able to restore these parameters. Mitochondrial activity was depressed with food restriction and was only improved by refeeding with the fresh bee pollen-containing diets. In conclusion, refeeding diets that contain fresh monofloral bee pollen improve muscle mass and metabolism in old, undernourished rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Salles
- INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France.
| | | | - Véronique Patrac
- INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France.
| | - Alexandre Berry
- INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France.
| | - Christophe Giraudet
- INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France.
| | - Marie-Laure Collin
- INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France.
| | - Audrey Chanet
- INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France.
| | - Camille Tagliaferri
- INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France.
| | - Philippe Denis
- INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France.
| | - Corinne Pouyet
- INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France.
| | - Yves Boirie
- INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France.
| | - Stéphane Walrand
- INRA, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France.
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Aydilek N, Varisli O, Kocyigit A, Taskin A, Kaya MS. Effect of dietary restriction on sperm characteristic and oxidative status on testicular tissue in young rats exposed to long-term heat stress. Andrologia 2014; 47:1055-61. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N. Aydilek
- Department of Physiology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Harran University; Sanliurfa Turkey
- Department of Physiology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Dicle University; Diyarbakir Turkey
| | - O. Varisli
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Harran University; Sanliurfa Turkey
| | - A. Kocyigit
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine; Harran University; Sanliurfa Turkey
| | - A. Taskin
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine; Harran University; Sanliurfa Turkey
| | - M. S. Kaya
- Department of Physiology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Dicle University; Diyarbakir Turkey
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Calorie restriction in mammals and simple model organisms. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:308690. [PMID: 24883306 PMCID: PMC4026914 DOI: 10.1155/2014/308690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR), which usually refers to a 20–40% reduction in calorie intake, can effectively prolong lifespan preventing most age-associated diseases in several species. However, recent data from both human and nonhumans point to the ratio of macronutrients rather than the caloric intake as a major regulator of both lifespan and health-span. In addition, specific components of the diet have recently been identified as regulators of some age-associated intracellular signaling pathways in simple model systems. The comprehension of the mechanisms underpinning these findings is crucial since it may increase the beneficial effects of calorie restriction making it accessible to a broader population as well.
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11
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Walsh ME, Shi Y, Van Remmen H. The effects of dietary restriction on oxidative stress in rodents. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 66:88-99. [PMID: 23743291 PMCID: PMC4017324 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is observed during aging and in numerous age-related diseases. Dietary restriction (DR) is a regimen that protects against disease and extends life span in multiple species. However, it is unknown how DR mediates its protective effects. One prominent and consistent effect of DR in a number of systems is the ability to reduce oxidative stress and damage. The purpose of this review is to comprehensively examine the hypothesis that dietary restriction reduces oxidative stress in rodents by decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and increasing antioxidant enzyme activity, leading to an overall reduction of oxidative damage to macromolecules. The literature reveals that the effects of DR on oxidative stress are complex and likely influenced by a variety of factors, including sex, species, tissue examined, types of ROS and antioxidant enzymes examined, and duration of DR. Here we present a comprehensive review of the existing literature on the effect of DR on mitochondrial ROS generation, antioxidant enzymes, and oxidative damage. In a majority of studies, dietary restriction had little effect on mitochondrial ROS production or antioxidant activity. On the other hand, DR decreased oxidative damage in the majority of cases. Although the effects of DR on endogenous antioxidants are mixed, we find that glutathione levels are the most likely antioxidant to be increased by dietary restriction, which supports the emerging redox-stress hypothesis of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Walsh
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 15355 Lambda Drive, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | - Yun Shi
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 15355 Lambda Drive, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA; Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 15355 Lambda Drive, San Antonio, TX 78245
| | - Holly Van Remmen
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 15355 Lambda Drive, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA; Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 15355 Lambda Drive, San Antonio, TX 78245; South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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12
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Chen Y, Hagopian K, Bibus D, Villalba JM, López-Lluch G, Navas P, Kim K, Ramsey JJ. The influence of dietary lipid composition on skeletal muscle mitochondria from mice following eight months of calorie restriction. Physiol Res 2013; 63:57-71. [PMID: 24182343 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.932529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) has been shown to decrease reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and retard aging in a variety of species. It has been proposed that alterations in membrane saturation are central to these actions of CR. As a step towards testing this theory, mice were assigned to 4 dietary groups (control and 3 CR groups) and fed AIN-93G diets at 95 % (control) or 60 % (CR) of ad libitum for 8 months. To manipulate membrane composition, the primary dietary fats for the CR groups were soybean oil (also used in the control diet), fish oil or lard. Skeletal muscle mitochondrial lipid composition, proton leak, and H(2)O(2) production were measured. Phospholipid fatty acid composition in CR mice was altered in a manner that reflected the n-3 and n-6 fatty acid profiles of their respective dietary lipid sources. Dietary lipid composition did not alter proton leak kinetics between the CR groups. However, the capacity of mitochondrial complex III to produce ROS was decreased in the CR lard compared to the other CR groups. The results of this study indicate that dietary lipid composition can influence ROS production in muscle mitochondria of CR mice. It remains to be determined if lard or other dietary oils can maximize the CR-induced decreases in ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chen
- VM Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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13
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Rhoads RP, Baumgard LH, Suagee JK. 2011 and 2012 Early Careers Achievement Awards: metabolic priorities during heat stress with an emphasis on skeletal muscle. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:2492-503. [PMID: 23408824 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-6120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental heat stress undermines efficient animal production resulting in a significant financial burden to agricultural producers. The reduction in performance during heat stress is traditionally thought to result from reduced nutrient intake. Recently, this notion has been challenged with observations indicating that heat-stressed animals may exploit novel homeorhetic strategies to direct metabolic and fuel selection priorities independent of nutrient intake or energy balance. Alterations in systemic physiology support a shift in metabolism, stemming from coordinated interactions at whole-body and tissue-specific levels. Such changes are characterized by increased basal and stimulated circulating insulin concentration in addition to the ostensible lack of basal adipose tissue lipid mobilization coupled with reduced adipocyte responsiveness to lipolytic stimuli. Hepatic and skeletal muscle cellular bioenergetics also exhibit clear differences in carbohydrate production and use, respectively, due to heat stress. The apparent dichotomy in intermediary metabolism between the 2 tissue types may stem from factors such as tricarboxylic acid cycle substrate flux and mitochondrial respiration. Thus, the heat stress response markedly alters postabsorptive carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism through coordinated changes in fuel supply and use across tissues in a manner that is distinct from commonly recognizable changes that occur in animals on a reduced plane of nutrition. Perhaps most intriguing is that the coordinated systemic, cellular, and molecular changes appear conserved across physiological states and among different ruminant and monogastric species. Ultimately, these changes result in the reprioritization of skeletal muscle fuel selection during heat stress, which may be important for whole-body metabolism and overall physiological adaptation to hyperthermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Rhoads
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg 24061, USA.
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14
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Kowaltowski AJ. Caloric restriction and redox state: does this diet increase or decrease oxidant production? Redox Rep 2012; 16:237-41. [PMID: 22195991 DOI: 10.1179/1351000211y.0000000014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) is well established to enhance the lifespan of a wide variety of organisms, although the mechanisms are still being uncovered. Recently, some authors have suggested that CR acts through hormesis, enhancing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), activating stress response pathways, and increasing lifespan. Here, we review the literature on the effects of CR and redox state. We find that there is no evidence in rodent models of CR that an increase in ROS production occurs. Furthermore, results in Caenorhabditis elegans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae suggesting that CR increases intracellular ROS are questionable, and probably cannot be resolved until adequate, artifact free, tools for real-time, quantitative, and selective measurements of intracellular ROS are developed. Overall, the largest body of work indicates that CR improves redox state, although it seems improbable that a global improvement in redox state is the mechanism through which CR enhances lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia J Kowaltowski
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
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15
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Chen Y, Hagopian K, McDonald RB, Bibus D, López-Lluch G, Villalba JM, Navas P, Ramsey JJ. The influence of dietary lipid composition on skeletal muscle mitochondria from mice following 1 month of calorie restriction. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2012; 67:1121-31. [PMID: 22503990 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gls113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the role mitochondrial membrane lipids play in the actions of calorie restriction (CR), C57BL/6 mice were assigned to four groups (control and three 40% CR groups) and fed diets containing soybean oil (also in the control diet), fish oil, or lard. The fatty acid composition of the major mitochondrial phospholipid classes, proton leak, and H(2)O(2) production were measured in muscle mitochondria following 1 month of CR. The results indicate that phospholipid fatty acids reflected the polyunsaturated fatty acid profile of the dietary lipid sources. Capacity for Complex I- and III-linked H(2)O(2) production was decreased with CR, although there was no difference between CR groups. The CR lard group had lower proton leak than all other groups. The results indicate that a decreased degree of unsaturation in muscle mitochondrial membranes is not required for reduced H(2)O(2) production with CR. However, dietary lipids do have some influence on proton leak with CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Chen
- VM Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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16
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Mitochondrial energetics in liver and skeletal muscle after energy restriction in young rats. Br J Nutr 2011; 108:655-65. [PMID: 22085624 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114511005903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of 2 weeks of energy restriction on whole body, liver and skeletal muscle energy handling. We measured whole-body oxygen consumption, as well as mitochondrial protein mass, respiratory capacity and energetic coupling in liver and skeletal muscle from food-restricted (FR) rats, age- and weight-matched controls. We also assessed markers of oxidative damage and antioxidant defences. The present results show that, in response to energy restriction, an adaptive decrease in whole-body energy expenditure is coupled with structural and functional changes in mitochondrial compartment, both in liver and skeletal muscle. In fact, liver mitochondrial mass per g of liver significantly increased, whereas total hepatic mitochondrial oxidative capacity was lower in FR than in control rats, because of a significant decrease in liver contribution to total body weight. In skeletal muscle, sub-sarcolemmal (SS) mitochondrial respiratory capacity, as well as SS and inter-myofibrillar (IMF) mitochondrial protein mass per g of tissue, was significantly lower in FR rats, compared to controls. Finally, a decrease in oxidative damage was found in liver but not in skeletal muscle mitochondria from FR rats, whereas an increase in antioxidant defence was found in both tissues. From the present results, it appears that skeletal muscle is involved in the decrease in energy expenditure induced by energy restriction. Energy sparing is achieved through changes in the activity (SS), mass (SS and IMF) and efficiency (IMF) of mitochondrial compartment.
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17
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Accumulation of long-chain glycosphingolipids during aging is prevented by caloric restriction. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20411. [PMID: 21687659 PMCID: PMC3110726 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 05/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease are major causes of morbidity and mortality that are seen far more commonly in the aged population. Interestingly, kidney function declines during aging even in the absence of underlying renal disease. Declining renal function has been associated with age-related cellular damage and dysfunction with reports of increased levels of apoptosis, necrosis, and inflammation in the aged kidney. Bioactive sphingolipids have been shown to regulate these same cellular processes, and have also been suggested to play a role in aging and cellular senescence. Methodology/Principal Findings We hypothesized that alterations in kidney sphingolipids play a role in the declining kidney function that occurs during aging. To begin to address this, the sphingolipid profile was measured in young (3 mo), middle aged (9 mo) and old (17 mo) C57BL/6 male mice. Interestingly, while modest changes in ceramides and sphingoid bases were evident in kidneys from older mice, the most dramatic elevations were seen in long-chain hexosylceramides (HexCer) and lactosylceramides (LacCer), with C14- and C16-lactosylceramides elevated as much as 8 and 12-fold, respectively. Increases in long-chain LacCers during aging are not exclusive to the kidney, as they also occur in the liver and brain. Importantly, caloric restriction, previously shown to prevent the declining kidney function seen in aging, inhibits accumulation of long-chain HexCer/LacCers and prevents the age-associated elevation of enzymes involved in their synthesis. Additionally, long-chain LacCers are also significantly elevated in human fibroblasts isolated from elderly individuals. Conclusion/Significance This study demonstrates accumulation of the glycosphingolipids HexCer and LacCer in several different organs in rodents and humans during aging. In addition, data demonstrate that HexCer and LacCer metabolism is regulated by caloric restriction. Taken together, data suggest that HexCer/LacCers are important mediators of cellular processes fundamental to mammalian aging.
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18
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Predmore BL, Alendy MJ, Ahmed KI, Leeuwenburgh C, Julian D. The hydrogen sulfide signaling system: changes during aging and the benefits of caloric restriction. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2010; 32:467-81. [PMID: 20502969 PMCID: PMC2980601 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-010-9150-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2009] [Accepted: 05/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide gas (H(2)S) is a putative signaling molecule that causes diverse effects in mammalian tissues including relaxation of blood vessels and regulation of perfusion in the liver, but the effects of aging on H(2)S signaling are unknown. Aging has negative impacts on the cardiovascular system. However, the liver is more resilient with age. Caloric restriction (CR) attenuates affects of age in many tissues. We hypothesized that the H(2)S signaling system is negatively affected by age in the vasculature but not in the liver, which is typically more resilient to age, and that a CR diet minimizes the age affect in the vasculature. To investigate this, we determined protein and mRNA expression of the H(2)S-producing enzymes cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), H(2)S production rates in the aorta and liver, and the contractile response of aortic rings to exogenous H(2)S. Tissue was collected from Fisher 344 × Brown Norway rats from 8-38 months of age, which had been maintained on an ad libitum (AL) or CR diet. The results demonstrate that age and diet have differential effects on the H(2)S signaling system in aorta and liver. The aorta showed a sizeable effect of both age and diet, whereas the liver only showed a sizeable effect of diet. Aortic rings showed increased contractile sensitivity to H(2)S and increased protein expression of CSE and CBS with age, consistent with a decrease in H(2)S concentration with age. CR appears to benefit CSE and CBS protein in both aorta and liver, potentially by reducing oxidative stress and ameliorating the negative effect of age on H(2)S concentration. Therefore, CR may help maintain the H(2)S signaling system during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maikel J. Alendy
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
| | - Khadija I. Ahmed
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
| | | | - David Julian
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
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19
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Krestinina OV, Kruglov AG, Grachev DE, Baburina YL, Evtodienko YV, Moshkov DA, Santalova IM, Azarashvili TS. Age-dependent changes of mitochondrial functions in Ca2+-induced opening of permeability transition pore. BIOCHEMISTRY MOSCOW SUPPLEMENT SERIES A-MEMBRANE AND CELL BIOLOGY 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s199074781002008x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Sasaki T, Sato KI, Umeda I, Tahara S, Kaneko T. Effects of aging and every-other-day feeding on the levels of oxygen radicals in rat brain slices. Neurosci Lett 2010; 469:84-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2009] [Revised: 11/16/2009] [Accepted: 11/18/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in rat: effect of food restriction and wheel running. Eur J Appl Physiol 2009; 107:243-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-009-1121-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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22
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Syslová K, Kacer P, Kuzma M, Najmanová V, Fenclová Z, Vlcková S, Lebedová J, Pelclová D. Rapid and easy method for monitoring oxidative stress markers in body fluids of patients with asbestos or silica-induced lung diseases. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 877:2477-86. [PMID: 19574111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2009] [Revised: 05/31/2009] [Accepted: 06/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sensitive assay method was developed for a parallel, rapid and precise determination of the most prominent oxidative stress biomarkers: 8-iso-prostaglandin F(2alpha), malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal. The method consisted of a pre-treatment part a solid-phase extraction, for rapid and effective isolation of biomarkers from body fluids (exhaled breath condensate, plasma and urine) and the detection method LC-ESI-MS/MS, where the selected reaction monitoring mode was used for its extremely high degree of selectivity and the stable-isotope-dilution assay for its high precision of quantification. The developed method was characterized by the following parameters: the imprecision was below 14.3%, the mean inaccuracy was determined to be lower than 13.1%. The method was tested on samples obtained from patients diagnosed with asbestosis, pleural hyalinosis or silicosis, i.e. occupational lung diseases caused by fibrogenic dusts, inducing oxidative stress in the respiratory system, and then compared to samples from healthy subjects. The difference in concentration levels of biomarkers between the two groups was perceptible in all the body fluids (the difference observed in an exhaled breath condensate was statistically most significant).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Syslová
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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23
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Haak JL, Buettner GR, Spitz DR, Kregel KC. Aging augments mitochondrial susceptibility to heat stress. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2009; 296:R812-20. [PMID: 19144753 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.90708.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of aging is accompanied by a decline in tolerance to environmental stress. While mitochondria are primary suspects in the etiology of aging, little is known about their ability to tolerate perturbations to homeostasis in older organisms. To investigate the role of mitochondria in the increased susceptibility to heat stress that accompanies aging, young and old Fischer 344 rats underwent a heat stress protocol known to elicit exaggerated cellular damage with aging. At either 2 or 24 h after heat stress, livers were removed from animals, and hepatic mitochondria were isolated. Electron microscopy revealed extensive morphological damage to mitochondria from young and, to a greater extent, old rats after heat stress. There was also a significant loss of cytochrome c from old, but not young, mitochondria and a persistent increase in 4-hydroxynonenal-modified proteins in old vs. young mitochondria exposed to heat stress. Electron paramagnetic resonance measurements of superoxide indicate greater superoxide production from mitochondria of old compared with young animals and suggest that mitochondrial integrity was altered during heat stress. The mitochondrial stress response, which functions to correct stress-induced damage to mitochondrial proteins, was also blunted in old rats. Delayed and reduced levels of heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60), the main inducible mitochondrial stress protein, were observed in old compared with young mitochondria after heat stress. Additionally, the amount of Hsp10 protein increased in young, but not old, rat liver mitochondria after hyperthermic challenge. Taken together, these data suggest that mitochondria in old animals are more vulnerable to incurring and less able to repair oxidative damage that occurs in response to a physiologically relevant heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodie L Haak
- Dept. of Integrative Physiology, The Univ. of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242, USA
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24
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Kim JH, Kwak HB, Leeuwenburgh C, Lawler JM. Lifelong exercise and mild (8%) caloric restriction attenuate age-induced alterations in plantaris muscle morphology, oxidative stress and IGF-1 in the Fischer-344 rat. Exp Gerontol 2008; 43:317-29. [PMID: 18313875 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2007.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2007] [Revised: 12/17/2007] [Accepted: 12/20/2007] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Muscle atrophy is a highly prevalent condition among older adults, and results from reduced muscle mass and fiber cross-sectional area. Resistive exercise training and moderate (30-40%) caloric restriction may reduce the rate of sarcopenia in animal models. We tested the hypothesis that lifelong, voluntary exercise combined with mild (8%) caloric restriction would attenuate the reduction of muscle fiber cross-sectional area in the rat plantaris. Fischer-344 rats were divided into: young adults (6 mo) fed ad libitum (YAL); 24 mo old fed ad libitum (OAL); 24 mo old on 8% caloric restriction (OCR); lifelong wheel running with 8% CR (OExCR). Plantaris fiber cross-sectional area was significantly lower in OAL than YAL (-27%), but protected in OCR and OExCR, while mass/body mass ratio was preserved in OExCR only. Furthermore, 8% CR and lifelong wheel running attenuated the age-induced increases in extramyocyte space and connective tissue. Citrate synthase activity decreased with age, but was not significantly protected in OCR and OExCR. Total hydroperoxides were higher in OAL than YAL, but were not elevated in OExCR, with out a change in MnSOD. IGF-1 levels were lower in OAL (-57%) than YAL, but partially protected in the OExCR group (+51%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hee Kim
- Redox Biology & Cell Signaling Laboratory, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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25
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Hulbert AJ, Pamplona R, Buffenstein R, Buttemer WA. Life and death: metabolic rate, membrane composition, and life span of animals. Physiol Rev 2007; 87:1175-213. [PMID: 17928583 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00047.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 580] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Maximum life span differences among animal species exceed life span variation achieved by experimental manipulation by orders of magnitude. The differences in the characteristic maximum life span of species was initially proposed to be due to variation in mass-specific rate of metabolism. This is called the rate-of-living theory of aging and lies at the base of the oxidative-stress theory of aging, currently the most generally accepted explanation of aging. However, the rate-of-living theory of aging while helpful is not completely adequate in explaining the maximum life span. Recently, it has been discovered that the fatty acid composition of cell membranes varies systematically between species, and this underlies the variation in their metabolic rate. When combined with the fact that 1) the products of lipid peroxidation are powerful reactive molecular species, and 2) that fatty acids differ dramatically in their susceptibility to peroxidation, membrane fatty acid composition provides a mechanistic explanation of the variation in maximum life span among animal species. When the connection between metabolic rate and life span was first proposed a century ago, it was not known that membrane composition varies between species. Many of the exceptions to the rate-of-living theory appear explicable when the particular membrane fatty acid composition is considered for each case. Here we review the links between metabolic rate and maximum life span of mammals and birds as well as the linking role of membrane fatty acid composition in determining the maximum life span. The more limited information for ectothermic animals and treatments that extend life span (e.g., caloric restriction) are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Hulbert
- Metabolic Research Centre, Institute for Conservation Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
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26
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Csiszar A, Toth J, Peti-Peterdi J, Ungvari Z. The aging kidney: role of endothelial oxidative stress and inflammation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 94:107-15. [PMID: 17444279 DOI: 10.1556/aphysiol.94.2007.1-2.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The population in the Western world is aging. In 1996 those aged 60 years and over formed 21% of the EU population, by 2022 this proportion will have risen to 27%. Based on current trends a third of the EU population could be 60 years of age and over by the age 2050. Epidemiological studies suggest that even in the absence of other risk factors (e.g. diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia), advanced age itself significantly increases cardiovascular morbidity by promoting the development of atherosclerosis and by impairing normal cellular functions. One of the most prominent organs affected by aging is the kidney. There is evidence that age-associated phenotypic changes may be an important cause of renal failure. We propose that vascular oxidative stress and inflammation are generalized phenomena during senescence, which importantly contribute to the morphological and functional changes in the aging kidney. The present review focuses on some of the mechanisms by which advanced age may promote vascular oxidative and nitrosative stress and the possible downstream mechanisms by which reactive oxygen and nitrogen species may impair vascular and renal function in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Csiszar
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York 10595, USA
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27
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Colom B, Alcolea MP, Valle A, Oliver J, Roca P, García-Palmer FJ. Skeletal muscle of female rats exhibit higher mitochondrial mass and oxidative-phosphorylative capacities compared to males. Cell Physiol Biochem 2007; 19:205-12. [PMID: 17310114 DOI: 10.1159/000099208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2006] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of gender and caloric restriction on mitochondrial content and oxidative-phosphorylative capacities has been investigated in rat gastrocnemius muscle. Muscle protein, mitochondrial protein and DNA contents, enzymatic activities of mitochondrial oxidative and phosphorylative system, mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes, protein levels of complex IV (subunit I and IV) and ATPase, and the gene and protein expression of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), involved in mitochondrial replication and transcription, were measured in rats of both genders fed ad libitum and subjected to three months of 40% caloric restriction. Compared to males, gastrocnemius muscle of female rats showed higher mitochondrial DNA and protein contents, TFAM protein level, oxidative and phosphorylative machinery and activities, and glutathione peroxidase activity. In conclusion, the present data show a clear gender dimorphism in rat muscle mitochondrial features, which could explain the higher facility of females to adapt to altered metabolic energy situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartomeu Colom
- Grup de Metabolisme Energètic i Nutrició. Departament de Biología Fonamental i Ciències de la Salut. Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS). Universitat de les Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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28
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Zangarelli A, Chanseaume E, Morio B, Brugère C, Mosoni L, Rousset P, Giraudet C, Patrac V, Gachon P, Boirie Y, Walrand S. Synergistic effects of caloric restriction with maintained protein intake on skeletal muscle performance in 21-month-old rats: a mitochondria-mediated pathway. FASEB J 2007; 20:2439-50. [PMID: 17142793 DOI: 10.1096/fj.05-4544com] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) delays the onset of age-related mitochondrial abnormalities but does not prevent the decline in ATP production needed to sustain muscle protein fractional synthesis rate (FSR) and contractile activity. We hypothesized that improving mitochondrial activity and FSR using a CR diet with maintained protein intakes could enhance myofibrillar protein FSR and consequently improve muscle strength in aging rats. Wistar rats (21 months old) were fed either an ad libitum (AL), 40% protein-energy restricted (PER) or 40% AL-isonitrogenous energy restricted (ER) diet for 5 months. ATP production, electron transport chain activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, protein carbonyl content and FSR were determined in both tibialis anterior (TA) and soleus muscle mitochondria. Myosin and actin FSR and grip force were also investigated. The ER diet led to improved mitochondrial activity and ATP production in the TA and soleus muscles in comparison with PER. Furthermore, mitochondrial FSR in the TA was enhanced under the ER diet but diminished under the PER. Mitochondrial protein carbonyl content was decreased by both the ER and PER diets. The ER diet was able to improve myosin and actin FSR and grip force. Therefore, the synergistic effects of CR with maintained protein intake may help to limit the progression of sarcopenia by optimizing the turnover rates and functions of major proteins in skeletal muscle.
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29
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Rivera M, Roselló-Lletí E, García De Burgos F, Bertomeu V, Payá R, Cortés R, Martínez-Dolz L, Jordán A, Pérez-Boscá JL, Salvador A, Marín F, Sogorb F, Valero R, Miró V, Portolés M. Valores de 8-hidroxi-2’-desoxiguanosina y de peroxidación lipídica en pacientes con insuficiencia cardiaca. Rev Esp Cardiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1157/13095783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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30
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Faulks SC, Turner N, Else PL, Hulbert AJ. Calorie Restriction in Mice: Effects on Body Composition, Daily Activity, Metabolic Rate, Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Production, and Membrane Fatty Acid Composition. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2006; 61:781-94. [PMID: 16912094 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/61.8.781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Different levels of calorie restriction (CR) (125, 85, 50, or 40 kcal/wk for 1, 3, and 6 months) were examined in mice by using the paradigm of Weindruch and colleagues. Lean and total body mass increased on 125 and 85 kcal/wk, but there was negligible growth on low-energy intake. There was no CR-induced reduction in either daily activity or mass-specific metabolic rate. There was no CR-effect on in vitro reactive oxygen species production by liver or muscle mitochondria at 3 months, but after 6 months the effect was significantly reduced in liver mitochondria from 40 kcal/wk mice compared to 125 kcal/wk mice. Changes in the fatty acid composition of phospholipids from liver, kidneys, heart, brain, and skeletal muscle were observed following 1 month of CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally C Faulks
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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31
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Abstract
AbstractBreath tests are among the least invasive methods available for clinical diagnosis, disease state monitoring, and environmental exposure assessment. In recent years, interest in breath analysis for clinical purposes has increased. This review is intended to describe the potential applications of breath tests, including clinical diagnosis of diseases and monitoring of environmental pollutant exposure, with emphasis on oxidative stress, lung diseases, metabolic disorder, gastroenteric diseases, and some other applications. The application of breath tests in assessment of exposure to volatile organic compounds is also addressed. Finally, both the advantages and limitations of breath analysis are summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Cao
- CSE Group, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
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Gredilla R, Barja G. Minireview: the role of oxidative stress in relation to caloric restriction and longevity. Endocrinology 2005; 146:3713-7. [PMID: 15919745 DOI: 10.1210/en.2005-0378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Reduction of caloric intake without malnutrition is one of the most consistent experimental interventions that increases mean and maximum life spans in different species. For over 70 yr, caloric restriction has been studied, and during the last years the number of investigations on such nutritional intervention and aging has dramatically increased. Because caloric restriction decreases the aging rate, it constitutes an excellent approach to better understand the mechanisms underlying the aging process. Various investigations have reported reductions in steady-state oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and DNA in animals subjected to restricted caloric intake. Most interestingly, several investigations have reported that these decreases in oxidative damage are related to a lowering of mitochondrial free radical generation rate in various tissues of the restricted animals. Thus, similar to what has been described for long-lived animals in comparative studies, a decrease in mitochondrial free radical generation has been suggested to be one of the main determinants of the extended life span observed in restricted animals. In this study we review recent reports of caloric restriction and longevity, focusing on mitochondrial oxidative stress and the proposed mechanisms leading to an extended longevity in calorie-restricted animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Gredilla
- Department of Animal Physiology-II, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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Rosca MG, Mustata TG, Kinter MT, Ozdemir AM, Kern TS, Szweda LI, Brownlee M, Monnier VM, Weiss MF. Glycation of mitochondrial proteins from diabetic rat kidney is associated with excess superoxide formation. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2005; 289:F420-30. [PMID: 15814529 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00415.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic hyperglycemia causes structural alterations of proteins through the Maillard reaction. In diabetes, methylglyoxal (MGO)-induced hydroimidazolones are the predominant modification. In contrast to acute hyperglycemia, mitochondrial respiration is depressed in chronic diabetes. To determine whether MGO-derived protein modifications result in abnormalities in mitochondrial bioenergetics and superoxide formation, proteomics and functional studies were performed in renal cortical mitochondria isolated from rats with 2, 6, and 12 mo of streptozotocin-induced diabetes. MGO-modified proteins belonged to the following two pathways: 1) oxidative phosphorylation and 2) fatty acid β-oxidation. Two of these proteins were identified as components of respiratory complex III, the major site of superoxide production in health and disease. Mitochondria from rats with diabetes exhibited a diminution of oxidative phosphorylation. A decrease in the respiratory complex III activity was significantly correlated with the quantity of MGO-derived hydroimidazolone present on mitochondrial proteins in both diabetic and control animals. In diabetes, isolated renal mitochondria produced significantly increased quantities of superoxide and showed evidence of oxidative damage. Administration of aminoguanidine improved mitochondrial respiration and complex III activity and decreased oxidative damage to mitochondrial proteins. Therefore, posttranslational modifications of mitochondrial proteins by MGO may represent pathogenic events leading to mitochondria-induced oxidative stress in the kidney in chronic diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana G Rosca
- Deparment of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Schubert JK, Miekisch W, Geiger K, Nöldge-Schomburg GFE. Breath analysis in critically ill patients: potential and limitations. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2004; 4:619-29. [PMID: 15347256 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.4.5.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Breath tests are attractive since they are noninvasive and can be repeated frequently in the dynamically changing state of critically ill patients. Volatile organic compounds can be produced anywhere in the body and are transported via the bloodstream and exhaled through the lung. They can reflect physiologic or pathologic biochemical processes such as lipid peroxidation, liver disease, renal failure, allograft rejection, and dextrose or cholesterol metabolism. This review describes the diagnostic potential of endogenous organic volatile substances in the breath of critically ill patients. Since many of these patients require ventilatory support, aspects of breath analysis under mechanical ventilation will be addressed. Analytical procedures, problems concerning the physiologic meaning of breath markers and future developments will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen K Schubert
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Rostock, Schillingallee 35, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
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