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Li Q, Zhou Q, Li S, Li S, Liao W, Yu L, Liu C, Li M, Xia H. Target analysis and identification of curcumin against vascular calcification. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17344. [PMID: 39069521 PMCID: PMC11284211 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67776-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
To investigate the mechanism of curcumin (CUR) on vascular calcification (VC), we screen for common targets of CUR and atherosclerosis and verify the targets genes in vivo and in vitro experiments. The common targets of CUR and AS were screened and obtained using different databases. These target genes were analyzed by GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. PPI network analysis was performed and to analyze the key targets. A rat VC model was constructed and CUR was fed for three weeks. The changes of vascular structure and calcium salt deposition were observed in H&E and Von Kossa staining. Further, the expression of these target proteins was detected in the primary VSMCs of VC. The 31 common targets were obtained. GO functional enrichment analysis obtained 1284 terms and KEGG pathway enriched 66 pathways. The key genes were identified in the cytoHubba plugin. The molecular docking analysis showed that CUR bound strongly to EGFR, STAT3 and BCL2. The animal experiments showed the deposition calcium salt reduced by the CUR administration. These proteins BMP2, RUNX2, EGFR, STAT3 and BAX expression were upregulated in VC group and CUR attenuated the upregulated expression. The signal protein Akt and p65 expression increased in VC group and decreased in CUR group. We identified some common target genes of CUR and AS and identified these key genes. The anti-VC effect of CUR was associated with the inhibition of upregulation of EGFR, STAT3 and RUNX2 expression in VSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjie Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
- The Central Hospital of Zhoukou, Zhoukou, 466001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaofeng Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihuan Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
| | - Suqin Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenli Liao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangzhu Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China
| | - Mincai Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China.
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongli Xia
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China.
- The Central Hospital of Xianning, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, People's Republic of China.
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Haines DD, Cowan FM, Tosaki A. Evolving Strategies for Use of Phytochemicals in Prevention and Long-Term Management of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6176. [PMID: 38892364 PMCID: PMC11173167 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This report describes major pathomechanisms of disease in which the dysregulation of host inflammatory processes is a major factor, with cardiovascular disease (CVD) as a primary model, and reviews strategies for countermeasures based on synergistic interaction between various agents, including drugs and generally regarded as safe (GRAS) natural medical material (NMM), such as Ginkgo biloba, spice phytochemicals, and fruit seed flavonoids. The 15 well-defined CVD classes are explored with particular emphasis on the extent to which oxidative stressors and associated ischemia-reperfusion tissue injury contribute to major symptoms. The four major categories of pharmaceutical agents used for the prevention of and therapy for CVD: statins, beta blockers (β-blockers), blood thinners (anticoagulants), and aspirin, are presented along with their adverse effects. Analyses of major cellular and molecular features of drug- and NMM-mediated cardioprotective processes are provided in the context of their development for human clinical application. Future directions of the evolving research described here will be particularly focused on the characterization and manipulation of calcium- and calcineurin-mediated cascades of signaling from cell surface receptors on cardiovascular and immune cells to the nucleus, with the emergence of both protective and pathological epigenetic features that may be modulated by synergistically-acting combinations of drugs and phytochemicals in which phytochemicals interact with cells to promote signaling that reduces the effective dosage and thus (often) toxicity of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fred M. Cowan
- Uppsala Inc., 67 Shady Brook Drive, Colora, MD 21917, USA;
| | - Arpad Tosaki
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- HUN-REN-UD Pharmamodul Research Group, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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Zheng J, Haseeb A, Wang Z, Wang H. Network pharmacology, computational biology integrated surface plasmon resonance technology reveals the mechanism of ellagic acid against rotavirus. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7548. [PMID: 38555283 PMCID: PMC10981743 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58301-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The target and mechanism of ellagic acid (EA) against rotavirus (RV) were investigated by network pharmacology, computational biology, and surface plasmon resonance verification. The target of EA was obtained from 11 databases such as HIT and TCMSP, and RV-related targets were obtained from the Gene Cards database. The relevant targets were imported into the Venny platform to draw a Venn diagram, and their intersections were visualized. The protein-protein interaction networks (PPI) were constructed using STRING, DAVID database, and Cytoscape software, and key targets were screened. The target was enriched by Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway, and the 'EA anti-RV target-pathway network' was constructed. Schrodinger Maestro 13.5 software was used for molecular docking to determine the binding free energy and binding mode of ellagic acid and target protein. The Desmond program was used for molecular dynamics simulation. Saturation mutagenesis analysis was performed using Schrodinger's Maestro 13.5 software. Finally, the affinity between ellagic acid and TLR4 protein was investigated by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments. The results of network pharmacological analysis showed that there were 35 intersection proteins, among which Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Albumin (ALB), Nuclear factor kappa-B1 (NF-κB1), Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4), Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), Tumor protein p53 (TP53), Recombinant SMAD family member 3 (SAMD3), Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and Interleukin-4 (IL-4) were potential core targets of EA anti-RV. The GO analysis consists of biological processes (BP), cellular components (CC), and molecular functions (MF). The KEGG pathways with the highest gene count were mainly related to enteritis, cancer, IL-17 signaling pathway, and MAPK signaling pathway. Based on the crystal structure of key targets, the complex structure models of TP53-EA, TLR4-EA, TNF-EA, IL-1β-EA, ALB-EA, NF-κB1-EA, SAMD3-EA, EGF-EA, and IL-4-EA were constructed by molecular docking (XP mode of flexible docking). The MMGBS analysis and molecular dynamics simulation were also studied. The Δaffinity of TP53 was highest in 220 (CYS → TRP), 220 (CYS → TYR), and 220 (CYS → PHE), respectively. The Δaffinity of TLR4 was highest in 136 (THR → TYR), 136 (THR → PHE), and 136 (THR → TRP). The Δaffinity of TNF-α was highest in 150 (VAL → TRP), 18 (ALA → GLU), and 144 (PHE → GLY). SPR results showed that ellagic acid could bind TLR4 protein specifically. TP53, TLR4, and TNF-α are potential targets for EA to exert anti-RV effects, which may ultimately provide theoretical basis and clues for EA to be used as anti-RV drugs by regulating TLR4/NF-κB related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Zheng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Abdul Haseeb
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyang Wang
- Institute of TCM, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hejie Wang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Siripongvutikorn S, Pumethakul K, Yupanqui CT, Seechamnanturakit V, Detarun P, Utaipan T, Sirinupong N, Chansuwan W, Wittaya T, Samakradhamrongthai RS. Antioxidant and Nitric Oxide Inhibitory Activity of the Six Most Popular Instant Thai Curries. Foods 2024; 13:178. [PMID: 38254479 PMCID: PMC10814089 DOI: 10.3390/foods13020178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
All living organisms undergo molecular damage by free radical products. Disrupting the balance between antioxidants and free radicals leads to greater risks of diabetes, hypertension, stroke, and cancer. Consumption of curries containing various herbs and spices provides antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits which promote health. The antioxidant and nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory properties of six popular Thai curries, including green curry (G), Panang curry (P), Massaman curry (M), spicy basil leaf curry (SB), southern sour curry (SS), and southern spicy yellow curry (SY) were determined. All six curries contained phenolic and flavonoid compounds and provided antioxidant activity based on electron transfer and hydrogen atom donor properties, as well as having the ability to reduce oxidized metal. The highest antioxidant value was found in SB, followed by M, SS, and SY. The replacement of sugar with dried stevia powder at 50% (Re) improved antioxidant activity. The ORAC assay provided five times higher results than DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP. Extracts of all curries at 1 mg/mL on the macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 showed no cytotoxicity. The highest NO inhibition was found in SB (p < 0.05). All curry extracts contained quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, and apigenin. The six selected popular Thai curries had antioxidant and anti-inflammatory health benefits. Nutraceuticals, functional foods, and the ingredients of each raw material and curry powder should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunisa Siripongvutikorn
- Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods and Gastronomy, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand; (K.P.); (C.T.Y.); (V.S.); (P.D.); (N.S.); (W.C.)
| | - Kanyamanee Pumethakul
- Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods and Gastronomy, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand; (K.P.); (C.T.Y.); (V.S.); (P.D.); (N.S.); (W.C.)
| | - Chutha Takahashi Yupanqui
- Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods and Gastronomy, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand; (K.P.); (C.T.Y.); (V.S.); (P.D.); (N.S.); (W.C.)
| | - Vatcharee Seechamnanturakit
- Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods and Gastronomy, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand; (K.P.); (C.T.Y.); (V.S.); (P.D.); (N.S.); (W.C.)
| | - Preeyabhorn Detarun
- Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods and Gastronomy, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand; (K.P.); (C.T.Y.); (V.S.); (P.D.); (N.S.); (W.C.)
| | - Tanyarath Utaipan
- Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus, Rusamilae, Muang, Pattani 94000, Thailand;
| | - Nualpun Sirinupong
- Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods and Gastronomy, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand; (K.P.); (C.T.Y.); (V.S.); (P.D.); (N.S.); (W.C.)
| | - Worrapanit Chansuwan
- Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods and Gastronomy, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand; (K.P.); (C.T.Y.); (V.S.); (P.D.); (N.S.); (W.C.)
| | - Thawien Wittaya
- Center of Excellence in Bio-Based Materials and Packaging Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand;
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Larik MO, Ahmed A, Khan L, Iftekhar MA. Effects of resveratrol on polycystic ovarian syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Endocrine 2024; 83:51-59. [PMID: 37568063 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03479-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the heightened ovarian dysfunction associated with excessive androgen production, manifesting with hirsutism, abnormal menstrual cycle, and polycystic ovaries. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the effect of resveratrol on laboratory parameters of PCOS women will be assessed. METHODS An electronic search via PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus was performed up to February 2023 for randomized controlled trials conforming to our pre-specified outcomes. A random-effects model was utilized, with cohorts compared using mean differences. RESULTS Three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included, reporting 84 patients receiving resveratrol, and 85 patients receiving placebo. It was observed that resveratrol significantly improved prolactin levels (P = 0.02), acne scores (P = 0.008), and total cholesterol (P = 0.02). However, there were no significant improvements observed with respect to total testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), lutenizing hormone (LH), body mass index (BMI), hirsutism scores, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). CONCLUSION As per the results of our analysis, resveratrol demonstrates mild therapeutic potential for the sufferers of PCOS, and cannot replace the current established treatment guidelines. However, further comprehensive RCTs are required in order to assess the efficacy in long-term dosing and the safety profile of the use of resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Omar Larik
- Department of Medicine, Dow International Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, 74200, Pakistan.
| | - Ayesha Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Laiba Khan
- Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashhal Iftekhar
- Department of Medicine, Dow International Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, 74200, Pakistan
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Shekh MR, Ahmed N, Kumar V. A Review of the Occurrence of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Potential Treatments through Medicinal Plants from an Indian Perspective. Curr Rheumatol Rev 2024; 20:241-269. [PMID: 38018201 DOI: 10.2174/0115733971268416231116184056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Arthritis is a medical condition that affects the joints and causes inflammation, pain, and stiffness. There are different types of arthritis, and it can affect people of all ages, even infants and the elderly. Recent studies have found that individuals with diabetes, heart disease, and obesity are more likely to experience arthritis symptoms. According to the World Health Organization, over 21% of people worldwide suffer from musculoskeletal problems. Roughly 42.19 million individuals in India, constituting around 0.31% of the populace, have been documented as having Rheumatic Arthritis (RA). Compared to other common diseases like diabetes, cancer, and AIDS, arthritis is more prevalent in the general population. Unfortunately, there is no specific cure for arthritis, and treatment plans usually involve non-pharmacological methods, surgeries, and medications that target specific symptoms. Plant-based remedies have also been shown to be effective in managing inflammation and related complications. In addition to therapies, maintaining a healthy diet, exercise, and weight management are essential for managing arthritis. This review discusses the causes, prevalence, diagnostic methods, current and prospective future treatments, and potential medicinal plants that may act as anti-inflammatory or anti-rheumatic agents. However, more research is necessary to identify the underlying mechanisms and active molecules that could improve arthritis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Raeesh Shekh
- National Innovation Foundation (NIF), India, Grambharti, Amrapur, Gandhinagar, Mahudi Road, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Nasir Ahmed
- Forensic Anthropology-1, Department of Forensic Medicine, YMC, Yenepoya Deemed to be University, University Road, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Vivek Kumar
- National Innovation Foundation (NIF), India, Grambharti, Amrapur, Gandhinagar, Mahudi Road, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
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Pourova J, Dias P, Pour M, Bittner Fialová S, Czigle S, Nagy M, Tóth J, Balázs VL, Horváth A, Csikós E, Farkas Á, Horváth G, Mladěnka P. Proposed mechanisms of action of herbal drugs and their biologically active constituents in the treatment of coughs: an overview. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16096. [PMID: 37901462 PMCID: PMC10607228 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Various medicinal plants find their use in cough treatment, based on traditions and long-term experience. Pharmacological principles of their action, however, are much less known. Herbal drugs usually contain a mixture of potentially active compounds, which can manifest diverse effects. Expectorant or antitussive effects, which can be accompanied by others, such as anti-inflammatory or antibacterial, are probably the most important in the treatment of coughs. The aim of this review is to summarize the current state of knowledge of the effects of medicinal plants or their constituents on cough, based on reliable pharmacological studies. First, a comprehensive description of each effect is provided in order to explain the possible mechanism of action in detail. Next, the results related to individual plants and substances are summarized and critically discussed based on pharmacological in vivo and in vitro investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Pourova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Patricia Dias
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Pour
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Silvia Bittner Fialová
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Szilvia Czigle
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Milan Nagy
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jaroslav Tóth
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | | | - Adrienn Horváth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Eszter Csikós
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Farkas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Györgyi Horváth
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Přemysl Mladěnka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Song Y, Teakle G, Lillywhite R. Unravelling effects of red/far-red light on nutritional quality and the role and mechanism in regulating lycopene synthesis in postharvest cherry tomatoes. Food Chem 2023; 414:135690. [PMID: 36821918 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The main goal of this study was to explore the role of red/far-red light in the preservation of postharvest quality in cherry tomato fruits and the mechanism of red/far-red light in regulation of lycopene synthesis. Results showed that red/far-red light irradiation inhibited weight loss and promoted colour change during storage, and it also increased the content of lycopene and β-carotene compared to control. Gene PSY, ZDS and LCY-b were overexpressed in fruits treated with red/far-red light during 33 days' storage compared to control. The analysis of genes involved in red/far-red light absorbance (PHYA and PHYB) and mediation (HY5 and PIF3), and fruit ripening (ACS2 and RIN) suggests that red/far-red light promote lycopene accumulation through phytochrome-mediated signalling pathway to induce HY5. Elevated HY5 could either directly bind to PSY or promote the expression of ACS2 to induce RIN through MADS-loop to enhanced lycopene content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Song
- Warwick Crop Centre, School of Life Science, The University of Warwick, Wellesbourne CV35 9EF, UK.
| | - Graham Teakle
- Warwick Crop Centre, School of Life Science, The University of Warwick, Wellesbourne CV35 9EF, UK.
| | - Robert Lillywhite
- Warwick Crop Centre, School of Life Science, The University of Warwick, Wellesbourne CV35 9EF, UK.
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9
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Cheng Y, Tang Y, Tan Y, Li J, Zhang X. KCNK9 mediates the inhibitory effects of genistein on hepatic metastasis from colon cancer. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2023; 78:100141. [PMID: 36905879 PMCID: PMC10019991 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2022.100141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The tyrosine-protein kinase inhibitor, genistein, can inhibit cell malignant transformation and has an antitumor effect on various types of cancer. It has been shown that both genistein and KNCK9 can inhibit colon cancer. This research aimed to investigate the suppressive effects of genistein on colon cancer cells and the association between the application of genistein and KCNK9 expression level. METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to study the correlation between the KCNK9 expression level and the prognosis of colon cancer patients. HT29 and SW480 colon cancer cell lines were cultured to examine the inhibitory effects of KCNK9 and genistein on colon cancer in vitro, and a mouse model of colon cancer with liver metastasis was established to verify the inhibitory effect of genistein in vivo. RESULTS KCNK9 was overexpressed in colon cancer cells and was associated with a shorter Overall Survival (OS), a shorter Disease-Specific Survival (DFS), and a shorter Progression-Free Interval (PFI) of colon cancer patients. In vitro experiments showed that downregulation of KCNK9 or genistein application could suppress cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities, induce cell cycle quiescence, promote cell apoptosis, and reduce epithelial-mesenchymal transition of the colon cancer cell line. In vivo experiments revealed that silencing of KCNK9 or application of genistein could inhibit hepatic metastasis from colon cancer. Additionally, genistein could inhibit KCNK9 expression, thereby attenuating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Genistein inhibited the occurrence and progression of colon cancer through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway that could be mediated by KCNK9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology Laboratory, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Pharmacology Laboratory, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiming Tan
- Department of Pharmacology Laboratory, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Pharmacology Laboratory, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuping Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.
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10
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Li Y, Yang D, Gao X, Ju M, Fang H, Yan Z, Qu H, Zhang Y, Xie L, Weng H, Bai C, Song Y, Sun Z, Geng W, Gao X. Ginger supplement significantly reduced length of hospital stay in individuals with COVID-19. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2022; 19:84. [PMID: 36578045 PMCID: PMC9795954 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-022-00717-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence from previous studies has suggested that ginger extract exhibits the potential as an alternative treatment for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we want to investigate whether ginger supplement improves the clinical manifestation of hospitalized COVID-19 individuals. METHODS A total of 227 hospitalized individuals with COVID-19 were randomized to either the control (n = 132) or intervention group (n = 95). The intervention group took ginger supplement orally at the dosage of 1.5 g twice daily, until they were discharged from the hospital. Both groups received the same standard of general medical care during hospitalization, and the length of stay was recorded and compared between groups. RESULTS Among all participants, a significant reduction in hospitalization time (the difference between the treatment and control groups was 2.4 d, 95% CI 1.6-3.2) was detected in response to the ginger supplement. This effect was more pronounced in men, participants aged 60 years or older, and participants with pre-existing medical conditions, relative to their counterparts (P-interactions < 0.05 for all). CONCLUSION Ginger supplement significantly shortened the length of stay of hospitalized individuals with COVID-19. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered on the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2200059824).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Li
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dawei Yang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China ,Shanghai Engineer and Technology Research Center of Internet of Things for Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiwen Gao
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minjie Ju
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Fang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Anesthesiology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuoqin Yan
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanru Qu
- grid.411480.80000 0004 1799 1816Department of Rheumatology, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanhao Zhang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linshan Xie
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huifen Weng
- Shanghai Suvalue Healthcare Scientific Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxue Bai
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China ,Shanghai Engineer and Technology Research Center of Internet of Things for Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanlin Song
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China ,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhirong Sun
- grid.452404.30000 0004 1808 0942Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenye Geng
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Fudan Zhangjiang Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Nowowiejska J, Baran A, Flisiak I. Psoriasis and neurodegenerative diseases—a review. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:917751. [PMID: 36226313 PMCID: PMC9549431 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.917751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease with underlying genetic, inflammatory and immunological background, which is a great medical problem, currently regarded as a systemic condition. Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are characterized by a progressive loss of nervous tissue, which affects elderly people more frequently; therefore, it is suspected that, due to society's aging, morbidity is going to increase. We performed a thorough review in order to investigate for the first time whether psoriasis may predispose to different particular neurodegenerative diseases—Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). PubMed search resulted in the retrieval of 833 records, of which 77 eligible were included in the review. Our thorough analysis revealed there are some potential links between psoriasis and NDs (inflammation, oxidative stress, genetics, cardiometabolic disorders), but there is no strong evidence that psoriasis may predispose to NDs. Based on the evidence, it seems that the risk of PD in psoriatics is not increased, and the evidence for increased risk of AD slightly prevails the data that state the opposite. ALS risk does not seem to be increased in psoriatics. The paucity of original studies does not allow for the formulation of definitive conclusions but encourages to perform further investigations.
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12
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Emami Kazemabad MJ, Asgari Toni S, Tizro N, Dadkhah PA, Amani H, Akhavan Rezayat S, Sheikh Z, Mohammadi M, Alijanzadeh D, Alimohammadi F, Shahrokhi M, Erabi G, Noroozi M, Karimi MA, Honari S, Deravi N. Pharmacotherapeutic potential of pomegranate in age-related neurological disorders. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:955735. [PMID: 36118710 PMCID: PMC9476556 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.955735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related neurological disorders [AND] include neurodegenerative diseases [NDDs] such as Alzheimer's disease [AD] and Parkinson's disease [PD], which are the most prevalent types of dementia in the elderly. It also includes other illnesses such as migraine and epilepsy. ANDs are multifactorial, but aging is their major risk factor. The most frequent and vital pathological features of AND are oxidative stress, inflammation, and accumulation of misfolded proteins. As AND brain damage is a significant public health burden and its incidence is increasing, much has been done to overcome it. Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is one of the polyphenol-rich fruits that is widely mentioned in medical folklore. Pomegranate is commonly used to treat common disorders such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, wound healing, bleeding, dysentery, acidosis, microbial infections, infectious and noninfectious respiratory diseases, and neurological disorders. In the current review article, we aimed to summarize the data on the pharmacotherapeutic potentials of pomegranate in ANDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Asgari Toni
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Tizro
- School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Parisa Alsadat Dadkhah
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hanieh Amani
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shima Akhavan Rezayat
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Sheikh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mohammadi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Dorsa Alijanzadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Alimohammadi
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Gisou Erabi
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Masoud Noroozi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Karimi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Honari
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Niloofar Deravi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Bukhari S, Siddique MH, Naeem A, Khan I, Ali Z, Essa A, Fazal F, Anis RA, Moran L, Sultan A, Murtaza I, Vanhara P, Anees M. Combined efficacy of Cinnamomum zeylanicum and doxorubicin against leukemia through regulation of TRAIL and NF-kappa B pathways in rat model. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6495-6507. [PMID: 35579734 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07478-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent discoveries in cancer therapeutics have proven combination therapies more effective than individual drugs. This study describes the efficacy of the combination of Cinnamomum zeylanicum and doxorubicin against benzene-induced leukemia. METHODS AND RESULTS Brine shrimp assay was used to assess the cytotoxicity of C. zeylanicum, doxorubicin and their combination. After AML induction in Sprague Dawley rats, the same drugs were given to rat groups. Changes in organ weight, haematological profile, and hepatic enzymes were determined. Real-time PCR was used to elucidate the effect on the expression of STMN1, GAPDH, P53 and various TRAIL and NF-kappaB components. C. zeylanicum reduced the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin. The combination treatment showed better anti-leukemic results than any of the individual drugs as evident from STMN1 expression (p < 0.001). It was particularly effective in reducing total white blood cell counts and recovering lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils along with hepatic enzymes ALT and AST (p < 0.001). All doses recovered relative organ weights and improved blood parameters. The combination therapy was particularly effective in inducing apoptosis, inhibition of proliferation marker GAPDH (p < 0.001) and NF-kappaB pathway components Rel-A (p < 0.001) and Rel-B (p < 0.01). Expressions of TRAIL components c-FLIP (p < 0.001), TRAIL ligand (p < 0.001) and caspase 8 (p < 0.01) were also altered. CONCLUSION Cinnamomum zeylanicum in combination with doxorubicin helps to counter benzene-induced cellular and hepatic toxicity and improves haematological profile. The anti-leukemic effects are potentially due to inhibition of GAPDH and NF-kappa B pathway, and through regulation of TRAIL pathway. Our data suggests the use of C. zeylanicum with doxorubicin to improve anti-leukemic therapeutic regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidra Bukhari
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | | | - Anum Naeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - InamUllah Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Zain Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Asiya Essa
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Falak Fazal
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Riffat Aysha Anis
- Department of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Ibadat International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Lukas Moran
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aneesa Sultan
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Iram Murtaza
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Petr Vanhara
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mariam Anees
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
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14
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Pimsin N, Keawprom C, Areerob Y, Limchoowong N, Sricharoen P, Nuengmatcha P, Oh WC, Chanthai S. Selective Fe(ii)-fluorescence sensor with validated two-consecutive working range using N,S,I-GQDs associated with garlic extract as an auxiliary green chelating agent. RSC Adv 2022; 12:14356-14367. [PMID: 35702222 PMCID: PMC9097786 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01381a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this work was to use the pyrolysis process to synthesize graphene quantum dots doped with garlic extract (as N,S-GQDs) and simultaneously co-doped with iodine (as I-GQDs). XPS, HR-TEM, FE-SEM/EDX, FT-IR, fluorescence, and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy were used to characterize the N,S,I-GQDs and analyze their morphological images. The quantum yield of N,S,I-GQDs was found to be 45%, greater than that of undoped GQDs (31%). When stimulated at 363 nm, the N,S,I-GQDs display a strong fluorescence intensity at a maximum wavelength of 454 nm. Using N,S,I-GQDs as a fluorescence quenching sensor for screening tests with various metal ions, it was discovered that they are extremely selective towards Fe2+ over Fe3+ and other ions. Thus, solution pH, concentration of N,S,I-GQDs, quantity of garlic extract, EDTA and AgNO3 concentration as masking agents, reaction duration under ultrasonic aid, and tolerable limit of Fe3+ presence in the target analyte were all optimized for Fe2+ detection. A highly sensitive detection of Fe2+ was obtained using a linear curve with y = 141.34x + 5.5855, R 2 = 0.9961, LOD = 0.11 mg L-1, and LOQ = 0.35 mg L-1. The method precision, given as RSDs, was determined to be satisfactory at 1.04% for intra-day analysis and 3.22% for inter-day analysis, respectively. As a result, the selective determination of trace amounts of Fe2+ in real water samples using such labile multi-element doped GQDs in conjunction with garlic extract as a green chelating agent to maintain its enhanced sensitivity was successfully applied with good recoveries ranging from 89.16 to 121.45%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipaporn Pimsin
- Materials Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
| | - Chayanee Keawprom
- Materials Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
| | - Yonrapach Areerob
- Department of Industrial Engineering, School of Engineering, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok 10520 Thailand
| | - Nunticha Limchoowong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University Bangkok 10110 Thailand
| | - Phitchan Sricharoen
- Department of Premedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Bangkokthonburi University, Thawi Watthana Bangkok 10170 Thailand
- Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization) Ongkharak Nakhon Nayok 26120 Thailand
| | - Prawit Nuengmatcha
- Creative Innovation in Science and Technology and Nanomaterials Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University Nakhon Si Thammarat 80280 Thailand
| | - Won-Chun Oh
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Hanseo University Seosan Chungnam Republic of Korea
| | - Saksit Chanthai
- Materials Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
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Granata G, Riccobene C, Napoli E, Geraci C. Polymeric Nanocapsules Containing Fennel Essential Oil: Their Preparation, Physicochemical Characterization, Stability over Time and in Simulated Gastrointestinal Conditions. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:873. [PMID: 35456707 PMCID: PMC9026405 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant essential oils, a source of biologically active compounds, represent a promising segment in the pharmaceutical market. However, their volatility, hydrophobicity, poor stability, and low toxicity limit direct use in pharmaceutical-related applications. Nanoencapsulation is a technique that allows overcoming these obstacles by improving bioaccessibility and bioavailability. Nanocapsules (NCs) based on biodegradable and biocompatible poly(ɛ-caprolactone) containing Foeniculum vulgare Mill. essential oil (FEO), known for its biological activities, were successfully prepared by interfacial deposition of the preformed polymer method. The composition of FEO (trans-anethole chemotype) was determined by gas chromatography analyses. The FEO presence inside the NCs was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance experiments. The FEO-NCs showed nanometer size (210 nm), low polydispersity index (0.10), negative zeta potential (-15 mV), non-Newtonian rheological behavior, and high efficiency of encapsulation (93%). Moreover, parameters such as FEO-NC particle size, bioactive compound retention, and FEO composition were monitored for 30 days at storage temperatures of 4 and 40 °C, confirming the robustness of the nanosystem. Finally, FEO-NCs were resistant to the simulated gastric digestion and showed an effective bioaccessibility of 29% in simulated intestinal digestion. Based on the results obtained, this FEO-NC nanosystem could find interesting applications in the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Granata
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare—C.N.R., Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (C.R.); (E.N.)
| | | | | | - Corrada Geraci
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare—C.N.R., Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; (C.R.); (E.N.)
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16
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Potential Mechanisms of the Improvement of Glucose Homeostasis in Type 2 Diabetes by Pomegranate Juice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030553. [PMID: 35326203 PMCID: PMC8945221 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate is a polyphenol-rich fruit. Studies have shown that extracts prepared from its juice or from different parts of the pomegranate plant have various biological activities including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, cardioprotective, and antidiabetic. The therapeutic potential has been attributed to various phytochemicals, including ellagic acid, punicic acid, flavonoids, anthocyanidins, anthocyanins, flavonols, and flavones. This review focuses on the scientific evidence of pomegranate juice as hypoglycemic, emphasizing the chemical composition and the possible mechanisms of action associated with this effect. Studies were identified using the PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science databases to identify relevant articles focused on the hypoglycemic effect of pomegranate juice. The physiological responses to pomegranate juice are reported here, including a decrease of oxidative stress damage, an increase of insulin-dependent glucose uptake, maintenance of β-cell integrity, inhibition of nonenzymatic protein glycation, an increase of insulin sensitivity, modulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, inhibition of α-amylase, inhibition of α-glucosidase and dipeptidyl peptidase-4, and decreases in inflammation. Overall, we found a significant hypoglycemic effect of pomegranate in in vitro and in vivo studies and we summarize the potential mechanisms of action.
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17
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Molanouri Shamsi M, Vahed A, Hekmatikar AA, Suzuki K. Combined Effects of Exercise Training and Nutritional Supplementation in Cancer Patients in the Context of the COVID-19: A Perspective Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:847215. [PMID: 35356739 PMCID: PMC8959344 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.847215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic, has caused unprecedented global social and economic impacts and many deaths. Many risk factors have been identified in the progression of COVID-19 to severe and critical stages, and it is shown that the coronavirus appears more severely in people with cancer. Pro-inflammatory status and weakened immune system due to cancer-related treatments can be determinants in the immune system’s response to the coronavirus in these patients. Higher physical activity levels are associated with lower hospitalization rates and mortality in COVID-19. Also, regular exercise training can improve immune system responses, modulate inflammatory responses, and improve psychological parameters in cancer patients. The interactive effects of nutritional supplements on immune responses and anti-inflammatory status have been shown in some studies. The purpose of this perspective article was to investigate the interaction between dietary supplementation and regular physical exercise in controlling risk factors associated with coronavirus in cancer patients. In addition to appropriate dietary habits, some nutritional supplements, especially vitamin D, have been shown to improve the immune system’s response against COVID-19 and cancer. Using lifestyle strategies such as regular physical activity and intake of functional compounds as supplements can be effective in treatment outcomes, quality of life, and overall survival in cancer patients. We proposed that combining dietary supplements and exercise training in cancer patients can boost immune responses against COVID-19 and probably improve vaccine responses. Angiotensin (ANG)-(1-7) Mas receptor axis can probably activate following exercise training and vitamin D combination. And can prevent pulmonary injury, hematological alterations, and hyperinflammatory state in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Molanouri Shamsi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Mahdieh Molanouri Shamsi,
| | - Alieh Vahed
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - AmirHossin Ahmadi Hekmatikar
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Katsuhiko Suzuki
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
- Katsuhiko Suzuki,
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18
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Possible Beneficial Effects of Fresh Pomegranate Juice in SARS-CoV-2 Infection Conditions. J Nutr Metab 2022; 2022:5134560. [PMID: 35287379 PMCID: PMC8917946 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5134560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rather than the prophylactic vaccination, any effective synthetic, natural, or nutritional therapy or regimen that may cure or remedy, albeit partially, the complications of SARS-CoV-2 should be highly acknowledged. Here, we reviewed and discussed possible beneficial biological effects of pomegranate juice in such diseased condition of viral infection based on the current published evidence (direct and indirect) and owing to the robust evidence that fresh pomegranate juice is highly rich with unique bioactive compounds that are approved in various occasions to be effective in several chronic diseased conditions. All related references that serve our aim are accessed through available electronic databases, particularly PubMed and Scopus. In summary, there is accepted evidence that pomegranate juice may be beneficial in SARS-CoV-2 infection conditions, especially for patients with the clinical history of chronic diseases such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. However, the interventional studies that directly probe and confirm the effectiveness of fresh pomegranate juice in the management of SARS-CoV-2 infection are mandatory.
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19
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Luo D, Li W, Xie C, Yin L, Su X, Chen J, Huang H. Capsaicin Attenuates Arterial Calcification Through Promoting SIRT6-Mediated Deacetylation and Degradation of Hif1α (Hypoxic-Inducible Factor-1 Alpha). Hypertension 2022; 79:906-917. [PMID: 35232219 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.18778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sustained Hif1α (hypoxic-inducible factor-1 alpha) accumulation plays a central role in osteogenic transdifferentiation and subsequent calcification. Capsaicin, the potent agonist of TRPV1 (transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1), was found to mitigate hypoxic-related injury and reverse phenotypic switch of vascular smooth muscle cells. However, its role in arterial calcification and the underlying mechanisms remain unexplored. METHODS We used data from Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis to examine the association of coronary artery calcification and chili consumption. Chronic kidney disease mice and high phosphate-induced vascular smooth muscle cells calcification models were established to investigate the anticalcification effect of capsaicin, evaluated by calcium deposition and changes in phenotype markers. RESULTS Chili consumption was negatively correlated with coronary artery calcification and conferred a smaller progression burden during follow-up. Capsaicin reduced calcium deposition and osteogenic transdifferentiation both in vivo and in vitro. Using siTRPV1 and capsazepine, the anticalcification effect of capsaicin was abrogated. Hif1α was increased in Pi-treated vascular smooth muscle cells and its degradation was accelerated by capsaicin. Retaining Hif1α stability using CoCl2 or MG132 abolished the protective effect of capsaicin. We further identified an increased expression of SIRT6 in response to capsaicin and confirmed the physical interaction between SIRT6 and Hif1α. Acetylated Hif1α was decreased, whereas hydroxylated Hif1α was increased under capsaicin treatment. Using immunohistochemistry analysis, we observed increased SIRT6 and reduced Hif1α in both SIRT6 transgenic and capsaicin-treated chronic kidney disease mice. CONCLUSIONS Capsaicin facilitates deacetylation and degradation of Hif1α by upregulating SIRT6, which inhibits osteogenic transdifferentiation and protects against arterial calcification. These data highlight a promising therapeutic target for the management of arterial calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongling Luo
- Department of Cardiology, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China (D.L., W.L., C.X., L.Y., H.H.)
| | - Wenxin Li
- Department of Cardiology, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China (D.L., W.L., C.X., L.Y., H.H.)
| | - Changming Xie
- Department of Cardiology, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China (D.L., W.L., C.X., L.Y., H.H.)
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Cardiology, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China (D.L., W.L., C.X., L.Y., H.H.)
| | - Xiaoyan Su
- Department of Nephropathy, Tungwah Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Dongguan, China (X.S.)
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China (J.C.)
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China (D.L., W.L., C.X., L.Y., H.H.)
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20
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Lorzadeh E, Heidary Z, Mohammadi M, Nadjarzadeh A, Ramezani-Jolfaie N, Salehi-Abargouei A. Does pomegranate consumption improve oxidative stress? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 47:117-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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21
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Gulec Peker EG, Kaltalioglu K. Cinnamaldehyde and eugenol protect against LPS-stimulated oxidative stress and inflammation in Raw 264.7 cells. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13980. [PMID: 34676584 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are leukocytes that play a strategic role in immune response and can be associated with various diseases due to their effects on the inflammation process and oxidative events. The current study was evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of cinnamaldehyde and eugenol, which are phyto-compounds with numerous bioactive properties, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage cells. For this purpose, Raw 264.7 cells were incubated with cinnamaldehyde or eugenol (15, 25, and 50 μM) then stimulated with LPS. After 24 hr, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 levels (as inflammatory mediators), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NOx) levels as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities (as oxidative status markers) were determined in cell cultures. Cinnamaldehyde and eugenol pre-treatments decreased TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels as compared to LPS group at all concentrations. Furthermore, these pre-treatments increased SOD activity while decreased MDA and NOx levels as well as CAT activity at different concentrations. Our results demonstrated that these phyto-compounds have potential for the treatment of various diseases as protective agents against chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are complications that play a detrimental role in the pathophysiology of many diseases. Alternative treatment methods have been investigated to prevent them. Cinnamaldehyde and eugenol are phyto-compounds with high bioactivity that can be obtained from foods and spices. In this study, the protective effects of cinnamaldehyde and eugenol on lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in macrophage cells were investigated. According to the obtained results, cinnamaldehyde and eugenol pre-treatments decreased inflammation and also reduced oxidative stress. Cinnamaldehyde and eugenol may be a better natural alternative protective agent for the chronic inflammation- and oxidative stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaan Kaltalioglu
- Vocational School of Espiye, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
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Aprilliantina YS, Novita HD, Sadono EG, Aldina R. Protective Effect of Genistein on Cyclin D1 Expression in Malignant Ocular Melanoma Cells. Med Arch 2021; 75:180-183. [PMID: 34483446 PMCID: PMC8385747 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2021.75.180-183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ocular melanoma is a disorder that is rarely found but is deadly. Four tissues in the eye that can be attacked by melanoma include the uveal tract, conjunctiva, eyelids, and orbit. Uveal melanoma is the most common case, while melanoma conjunctiva is very rare. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of giving genistein on cyclin D1 expression in malignant melanoma. Methods: When confluent, CRL1872 malignant melanoma cells will be divided into treatment groups, the group giving genistein dose 25 μM, the group giving genistein a dose of 50 μM, and the group giving genistein a dose of 100 μM. Cyclin D1 analysis was measured by immunofluorescence using confocal laser scan microscopy. Results: There was a significant increase in the expression of cyclin D1, in the group given genistein 25 μM and 50 μM (p < 0.05). For the administration of the genistein dose of 100 μM, cyclin D1 expression decreased significantly compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that genistein had a biphasic effect on cyclin D1 expression in malignant melanoma cells. Thus, genistein at the right dose can be a treatment of malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Sani Aprilliantina
- Department of Ophtalmology, Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Hera Dwi Novita
- Department of Ophtalmology, Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Elfina G Sadono
- Department of Ophtalmology, Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Rosy Aldina
- Department of Ophtalmology, Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
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Iervolino M, Lepore E, Forte G, Laganà AS, Buzzaccarini G, Unfer V. Natural Molecules in the Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): An Analytical Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051677. [PMID: 34063339 PMCID: PMC8156462 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogenous disorder characterized by chronic ovulation dysfunction and hyperandrogenism. It is considered the most common endocrinological disorder, affecting up to 25% of women of reproductive age, and associated with long-term metabolic abnormalities predisposing to cardiovascular risk, such as insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, endothelial dysfunction, and systemic inflammation. PCOS is also characterized by elevated serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), causing a condition of hyperandrogenism and a consequent altered ratio between LH and the follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Over the years, several different approaches have been proposed to alleviate PCOS symptoms. Supplementation with natural molecules such as inositols, resveratrol, flavonoids and flavones, vitamin C, vitamin E and vitamin D, and omega-3 fatty acids may contribute to overcoming PCOS pathological features, including the presence of immature oocyte, IR, hyperandrogenism, oxidative stress and inflammation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge about the efficacy of natural molecule supplementation in the management of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Iervolino
- R&D Department, Lo.Li. Pharma Srl, 00156 Rome, Italy; (M.I.); (E.L.); (G.F.)
| | - Elisa Lepore
- R&D Department, Lo.Li. Pharma Srl, 00156 Rome, Italy; (M.I.); (E.L.); (G.F.)
| | - Gianpiero Forte
- R&D Department, Lo.Li. Pharma Srl, 00156 Rome, Italy; (M.I.); (E.L.); (G.F.)
| | - Antonio Simone Laganà
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Filippo Del Ponte” Hospital, University of Insubria, 2100 Varese, Italy;
- The Experts Group on Inositol in Basic and Clinical Research (EGOI), 00156 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Buzzaccarini
- Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Women and Children’s Health, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy;
| | - Vittorio Unfer
- The Experts Group on Inositol in Basic and Clinical Research (EGOI), 00156 Rome, Italy
- Systems Biology Group Lab, Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Chondroprotection and Molecular Mechanism of Action of Phytonutraceuticals on Osteoarthritis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082391. [PMID: 33924083 PMCID: PMC8074261 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease and an important cause of incapacitation. There is a lack of drugs and effective treatments that stop or slow the OA progression. Modern pharmacological treatments, such as analgesics, have analgesic effects but do not affect the course of OA. Long-term use of these drugs can lead to serious side effects. Given the OA nature, it is likely that lifelong treatment will be required to stop or slow its progression. Therefore, there is an urgent need for disease-modifying OA treatments that are also safe for clinical use over long periods. Phytonutraceuticals are herbal products that provide a therapeutic effect, including disease prevention, which not only have favorable safety characteristics but may have an alleviating effect on the OA and its symptoms. An estimated 47% of OA patients use alternative drugs, including phytonutraceuticals. The review studies the efficacy and action mechanism of widely used phytonutraceuticals, analyzes the available experimental and clinical data on the effect of some phytonutraceuticals (phytoflavonoids, polyphenols, and bioflavonoids) on OA, and examines the known molecular effect and the possibility of their use for chondroprotection.
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Doma K, Devantier-Thomas B, Gahreman D, Connor J. Selected root plant supplementation reduces indices of exercise-induced muscle damage: A systematic review and meta-analysis. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2020; 92:448-468. [PMID: 33196371 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of selected root plants (curcumin, ginseng, ginger and garlic) on markers of muscle damage and muscular performance measures following muscle-damaging protocols. We included 25 studies (parallel and crossover design) with 353 participants and used the PEDro scale to appraise each study. Forest plots were generated to report on standardised mean differences (SMD) and p-values at 24 and 48 hours following the muscle-damaging protocols. The meta-analysis showed that the supplemental (SUPP) condition showed significantly lower levels of indirect muscle damage markers (creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and myoglobin) and muscle soreness at 24 hours and 48 hours (p < 0.01) than the placebo (PLA) condition. The inflammatory markers were significantly lower for the SUPP condition than the PLA condition at 24 hours (p = 0.02), although no differences were identified at 48 hours (p = 0.40). There were no significant differences in muscular performance measures between the SUPP and PLA conditions at 24 hours and 48 hours (p > 0.05) post-exercise. According to our qualitative data, a number of studies reported a reduction in oxidative stress (e.g., malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase) with a concomitant upregulation of anti-oxidant status, although other studies showed no effects. Accordingly, selected root plants minimised the level of several biomarkers of muscle damage, inflammation and muscle soreness during periods of exercise-induced muscle damage. However, the benefits of these supplements in ameliorating oxidative stress, increasing anti-oxidant status and accelerating recovery of muscular performance appears equivocal, warranting further research in these outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Doma
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | | | - Daniel Gahreman
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
| | - Jonathan Connor
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
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Tung YT, Pan CH, Chien YW, Huang HY. Edible Mushrooms: Novel Medicinal Agents to Combat Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4970-4981. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200831151316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is an aggregation of conditions and associated with an increased risk of developing
diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Edible mushrooms are widely consumed in many countries
and are valuable components of the diet because of their attractive taste, aroma, and nutritional value. Medicinal
mushrooms are higher fungi with additional nutraceutical attributes having low-fat content and a transisomer
of unsaturated fatty acids along with high fiber content, biologically active compounds such as polysaccharides
or polysaccharide β-glucans, alkaloids, steroids, polyphenols and terpenoids. In vitro experiments, animal
models, and even human studies have demonstrated not only fresh edible mushroom but also mushroom
extract that has great therapeutic applications in human health as they possess many properties such as antiobesity,
cardioprotective and anti-diabetic effect. They are considered as the unmatched source of healthy foods
and drugs. The focus of this report was to provide a concise and complete review of the novel medicinal properties
of fresh or dry mushroom and extracts, fruiting body or mycelium and its extracts, fiber, polysaccharides,
beta-glucan, triterpenes, fucoidan, ergothioneine from edible mushrooms that may help to prevent or treat metabolic
syndrome and associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tang Tung
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsu Pan
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Chien
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yu Huang
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
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NF-κB-Mediated Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease and Potential Therapeutic Effect of Polyphenols. Neurotox Res 2019; 37:491-507. [PMID: 31823227 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00147-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Different animal and human studies from last two decades in the case of Parkinson's disease (PD) have concentrated on oxidative stress due to increased inflammation and cytokine-dependent neurotoxicity leading to induction of dopaminergic (DA) degeneration pathway in the nigrostriatal region. Chronic inflammation, the principle hallmark of PD, forms the basis of neurodegeneration. Aging in association with activation of glia due to neuronal injury, perhaps because of immune alterations and genetic predispositions, leads to deregulation of inflammatory pathways premising the onset of PD. A family of inducible transcription factors, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), is found to show expression in various cells and tissues, such as microglia, neurons, and astrocytes which play an important role in activation and regulation of inflammatory intermediates during inflammation. Both canonical and non-canonical NF-κB pathways are involved in the regulation of the stimulated cells. During the prodromal/asymptomatic stage of age-associated neurodegenerative diseases (i.e., PD and AD), chronic neuroinflammation may act silently as the driver of neuronal dysfunction. Though research has provided an insight over age-related neurodegeneration in PD, elaborative role of NF-κB in neuroinflammation is yet to be completely understood and thus requires more investigation. Polyphenols, a group of naturally occurring compound in medicinal plants, have gained attention because of their anti-oxidative and anti-neuroinflammatory properties in neurodegenerative diseases. In this aspect, this review highlights the role of NF-κB and the possible therapeutic roles of polyphenols in NF-κB-mediated neuroinflammation in PD.
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Alfei S, Turrini F, Catena S, Zunin P, Grilli M, Pittaluga AM, Boggia R. Ellagic acid a multi-target bioactive compound for drug discovery in CNS? A narrative review. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 183:111724. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Brenjian S, Moini A, Yamini N, Kashani L, Faridmojtahedi M, Bahramrezaie M, Khodarahmian M, Amidi F. Resveratrol treatment in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome decreased pro-inflammatory and endoplasmic reticulum stress markers. Am J Reprod Immunol 2019; 83:e13186. [PMID: 31483910 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and pro-inflammatory condition. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of resveratrol treatment on pro-inflammatory and ER stress markers in patients with PCOS. METHOD OF STUDY Cumulus cells were obtained from 40 patients with PCOS who were divided into two groups: placebo and resveratrol treatment (receiving 800 mg/d for 40 days) groups. Blood samples were obtained from all patients before and after the procedure to evaluate interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α, NF-κB, and C-reactive protein (CRP). Total RNA was extracted from cumulus cells, and cDNA was synthesized by reverse transcription. Expressions of five genes in ER stress response pathway (ATF4, ATF6, CHOP, GRP78, and XBP1s) were assessed with quantitative real-time PCR. Statistical analysis was performed with Student's t test. RESULTS After treatment with resveratrol, it was found that serum levels of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-18, NF-κB, and CRP decreased in the treatment group. In addition, gene expression results showed that the expression levels of ATF4 (P < .05) and ATF6 (P < .001) significantly increased in the resveratrol treatment group, while the expression levels of CHOP, GRP78, and XBP1 (P < .001 for all) significantly decreased. CONCLUSION Results demonstrated that resveratrol has anti-inflammatory effects through the suppression of NF-κB and NF-κB-regulated gene products. On the other hand, resveratrol can modulate ER stress in granulosa cells (GCs) by altering the expression of genes involved in unfolding protein response (UPR) process. Our findings suggest that ER stress is a potential therapeutic target for patients with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Brenjian
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashraf Moini
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Vali-e-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazila Yamini
- Embryology Laboratory, Department of ART, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Kashani
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Faridmojtahedi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojdeh Bahramrezaie
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshad Khodarahmian
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardin Amidi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Infertility, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Resende KKM, Faria GP, Longo DL, Martins LJO, Costa CRR. In vitro
evaluation of plants as storage media for avulsed teeth: A systematic review. Dent Traumatol 2019; 36:3-18. [DOI: 10.1111/edt.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniele Lucca Longo
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Integrated Clinic of Faculty of Dentistry University of Rio Verde Rio Verde Brazil
| | | | - Cláudio Rodrigues Rezende Costa
- Department of Implant Dentistry, First Aid and Integrated Clinic of Faculty of Dentistry University of Rio Verde Rio Verde Brazil
- Department of Health Science University of Brasília Brasília Brazil
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Kotha RR, Luthria DL. Curcumin: Biological, Pharmaceutical, Nutraceutical, and Analytical Aspects. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24162930. [PMID: 31412624 PMCID: PMC6720683 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 366] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Turmeric is a curry spice that originated from India, which has attracted great interest in recent decades because it contains bioactive curcuminoids (curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin). Curcumin (1,7-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione), a lipophilic polyphenol may work as an anticancer, antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging agent as suggested by several in vitro, in vivo studies and clinical trials. However, poor aqueous solubility, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetic profiles limit curcumin’s therapeutic usage. To address these issues, several curcumin formulations have been developed. However, suboptimal sample preparation and analysis methodologies often hamper the accurate evaluation of bioactivities and their clinical efficacy. This review summarizes recent research on biological, pharmaceutical, and analytical aspects of the curcumin. Various formulation techniques and corresponding clinical trials and in vivo outcomes are discussed. A detailed comparison of different sample preparation (ultrasonic, pressurized liquid extraction, microwave, reflux) and analytical (FT-IR, FT-NIR, FT-Raman, UV, NMR, HPTLC, HPLC, and LC-MS/MS) methodologies used for the extraction and quantification of curcuminoids in different matrices, is presented. Application of optimal sample preparation, chromatographic separation, and detection methodologies will significantly improve the assessment of different formulations and biological activities of curcuminoids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Devanand L Luthria
- USDA-ARS, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
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Lv Y, So KF, Wong NK, Xiao J. Anti-cancer activities of S-allylmercaptocysteine from aged garlic. Chin J Nat Med 2019; 17:43-49. [PMID: 30704623 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(19)30008-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
While most types of malignancies remain recalcitrant to treatment, application of natural products or their analogs in daily life has offered some hopes as an effective prophylaxis against cancer onset and progression in the past decades. Emerging evidence supports a link between garlic consumption and decreased cancer incidence. Notably, aged garlic extract (AGE) exhibits stronger anti-cancer activities than that of fresh garlic, by virtue of enrichment of several AGE-specific organosulfur compounds, including S-allylmercaptocysteine (SAMC). In this review, we summarize the up-to-date mechanistic pathways associated with the anti-proliferative, anti-metastatic and pro-apoptotic effects of SAMC in various cancer models. Based upon the proven safety and improved understanding on its anti-neoplastic properties, SAMC has gained recognition as a promising daily food supplement for cancer prevention or management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lv
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, School of Biological Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, School of Biological Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Nai-Kei Wong
- National Key Disciplines for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, China.
| | - Jia Xiao
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, School of Biological Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; National Key Disciplines for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
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Adibian M, Hodaei H, Nikpayam O, Sohrab G, Hekmatdoost A, Hedayati M. The effects of curcumin supplementation on high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein, serum adiponectin, and lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial. Phytother Res 2019; 33:1374-1383. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Adibian
- Clinical Nutrition and dietetics Department, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research InstituteShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Homa Hodaei
- Clinical Nutrition and dietetics Department, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research InstituteShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Omid Nikpayam
- Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food SciencesTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Golbon Sohrab
- Clinical Nutrition and dietetics Department, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research InstituteShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Clinical Nutrition and dietetics Department, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research InstituteShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute For Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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Liu Y, Jiang X, Gu Y, Chen Y. Preventive effect of Diallyl Trisulfide on cutaneous toxicities induced by EGFR inhibitor. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 69:79-87. [PMID: 30682720 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous toxicities are the commonest side effects in patients with cancer treated using epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors such as erlotinib. For patients with such toxicities, there is a lack of safe, effective pharmacological agents. Here we established a skin toxicity model and investigated the preventive and therapeutic effect of Diallyl Trisulfide (DATS) in vivo. The mouse skin toxicities model was established through continuous administration of erlotinib for 49 days. Meanwhile, the mice in the experimental group underwent DATS treatment for 49 days. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and oil red O staining of back and limb skin was performed to determine whether DATS aqueous extract can reverse the skin toxicities caused by erlotinib. Compared with the erlotinib group, the incidence of rash in the DATS group was lower. In addition, in the DATS group, the degree of skin redness and herpes was mild, the body weight was stable, and the activity was favorable. By comparing the HE and oil red O staining results for the mouse skin, the degree of keratin hyperplasia was determined to be lower in the experimental group than in the erlotinib group, and the number of purulent neutrophils decreased. The number of follicles was relatively less. The release of TNF-α, IL-6 and other inflammatory factors was reduced by DATS. Erlotinib hydrochloride can cause severe skin toxicities, and DATS prevents skin toxicities, its mechanism may be related to DATS reduced erlotinib-induced inflammatory injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Xiangliang Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Yue Gu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China.
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Cheng W, Chen H, Ji C, Yang R, Yin M. A perylenediimide-based nanocarrier monitors curcumin release with an “off–on” fluorescence switch. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00132h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A perylenediimide-based nanocarrier (PPL-B) is constructed and used for monitoring curcumin release through an “off–on” fluorescence switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Cheng
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules
- Ministry of Education
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- BAIC-SM
| | - Hongtao Chen
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules
- Ministry of Education
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- BAIC-SM
| | - Chendong Ji
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules
- Ministry of Education
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- BAIC-SM
| | - Ru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Meizhen Yin
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules
- Ministry of Education
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
- BAIC-SM
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36
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Abnormal activation of the Akt signaling pathway in adenoid cystic carcinoma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 275:3039-3047. [PMID: 30367261 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-018-5182-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is an intriguing lesion because it shows a slow growth in the beginning, but a late poor prognosis due to perineural invasion, metastasis and recurrence. This study aimed to investigate whether Akt signaling would be deregulated in adenoid cystic carcinoma and its consequence in the expression of associated proteins. METHODS The expression of the Akt, p-Akt, NFκB, β-catenin, cyclin D1 and COX-2 was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 10 cases of ACC, 17 cases of pleomorphic adenoma (PA), and 7 cases of normal salivary gland (NSG). RESULTS p-Akt was overexpressed in ACC when compared to NSG. NFκB, β-catenin, and COX-2 were overexpressed in ACC and PA when compared to NSG. Most proteins were slightly higher expressed in ACC than in PA, but they never reached significance. p-Akt expression positively correlated with NFκB, β-catenin, cyclin D1 and COX-2 in ACC and PA, while this correlation trended to be negative in for these proteins (except for NFκB) in NSG using Person's correlation analysis, but without reaching significance. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate an abnormal activation of Akt signaling pathway, which can be an important regulator of tumor biology in ACC. Activated Akt correlated with the expression of NFκB, β-catenin and COX-2, which can potentially influence cell survival in ACC.
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Hajialyani M, Tewari D, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Nabavi SM, Farzaei MH, Abdollahi M. Natural product-based nanomedicines for wound healing purposes: therapeutic targets and drug delivery systems. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:5023-5043. [PMID: 30214204 PMCID: PMC6128268 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s174072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing process is an intricate sequence of well-orchestrated biochemical and cellular phenomena to restore the integrity of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Several plant extracts and their phytoconstituents are known as a promising alternative for wound healing agents due to the presence of diverse active components, ease of access, and their limited side effects. The development of nanotechnological methods can help to improve the efficacy of different therapeutics as well as herbal-based products. Here, we present a review of the efficacy of the plant based-nanomaterials in the management of wounds and discuss the involved therapeutic targets. For this purpose, a profound search has been conducted on in vitro, in vivo, and/or clinical evidences evaluating the efficacy and pharmacological mechanisms of natural product-based nanostructures on different types of wounds. Different pharmacological targets are involved in the wound healing effects of herbal-based nanostructures, including suppressing the production of inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory transduction cascades, reducing oxidative factors and enhancing antioxidative enzymes, and promoting neovascularization and angiogenic pathways through increasing the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor. Moreover, nanostructure of plant extracts and their phytochemicals can enhance their bioavailability, control their release in the form of sustained delivery systems to the wound site, and enhance the permeability of these therapeutics to the underlying skin layers, which are all necessary for the healing process. Overall, various plant extracts and their natural compounds, used in nanoformulations, have demonstrated high activity in the management of wounds and thus can be assumed as future pharmaceutical drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marziyeh Hajialyani
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran,
| | - Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Chile
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran,
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicologyand Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS) and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
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Netto CA, Sanches EF, Odorcyk F, Duran-Carabali LE, Sizonenko SV. Pregnancy as a valuable period for preventing hypoxia-ischemia brain damage. Int J Dev Neurosci 2018; 70:12-24. [PMID: 29920306 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal brain Hypoxia-Ischemia (HI) is one of the major causes of infant mortality and lifelong neurological disabilities. The knowledge about the physiopathological mechanisms involved in HI lesion have increased in recent years, however these findings have not been translated into clinical practice. Current therapeutic approaches remain limited; hypothermia, used only in term or near-term infants, is the golden standard. Epidemiological evidence shows a link between adverse prenatal conditions and increased risk for diseases, health problems, and psychological outcomes later in life, what makes pregnancy a relevant period for preventing future brain injury. Here, we review experimental literature regarding preventive interventions used during pregnancy, i.e., previous to the HI injury, encompassing pharmacological, nutritional and/or behavioral strategies. Literature review used PubMed database. A total of forty one studies reported protective properties of maternal treatments preventing perinatal hypoxia-ischemia injury in rodents. Pharmacological agents and dietary supplementation showed mainly anti-excitotoxicity, anti-oxidant or anti-apoptotic properties. Interestingly, maternal preconditioning, physical exercise and environmental enrichment seem to engage the same referred mechanisms in order to protect neonatal brain against injury. This construct must be challenged by further studies to clearly define the main mechanisms responsible for neuroprotection to be explored in experimental context, as well as to test their potential in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Netto
- Biochemistry Department, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - E F Sanches
- Biochemistry Department, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - F Odorcyk
- Biochemistry Department, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - L E Duran-Carabali
- Biochemistry Department, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - S V Sizonenko
- Division of Child Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Taha Z, Eltom SE. The Role of Diet and Lifestyle in Women with Breast Cancer: An Update Review of Related Research in the Middle East. Biores Open Access 2018; 7:73-80. [PMID: 29862141 PMCID: PMC5982158 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2018.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among Arab women in Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). The incidence of breast cancer has substantially increased in recent years among this women population, especially those younger than 50, and the incidence is expected to double by 2030. Considerable experimental evidence supports the potential role of dietary habits and lifestyle in cancer etiology and cancer prevention. In this review we examined the literature for evidence to link dietary choices and the rise in incidence and mortality of breast cancer among women in EMR. A literature search was conducted in PubMed and Ovid MEDLINE databases up to December 2017. The search terms used are breast cancer prevalence, breast cancer incidence worldwide, breast cancer and: nutrition, protein intake, vitamin D intake, fat intake, phytoestrogens, EMR, Arab, Middle East, Gulf countries, the UAE Arab women, breast cancer risk, diet, and chemoprevention. We found evidence to suggest that there is an alarming epidemic of obesity among women in most of the EMR countries, especially Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. The rise in the new breast cancer cases among women could be attributed to excess body weight. Their dietary pattern, which correlates with obesity, can be an important factor in the etiology of cancer. Although very few studies were found to support a direct causal relationship between obesity and breast cancer in the EMR, circumstantial evidence clearly points to the possible role of the epidemic, obesity, in this population and the startling rise in cases of breast cancer. Well-designed and systematic studies are urgently needed to confirm these associations and to elucidate potential mechanisms. More urgently, calls to action are needed in many sectors and at all levels of society, to establish intensive strategies for reducing obesity and promoting an overall healthy diet. Continued and expanded research on diet, lifestyle, and breast cancer risk is urgently needed to build the foundation for future progress in evidence-based public health efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Taha
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sakina E Eltom
- Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee.,Center for Women's Health Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee
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Rohini S, Aswani R, Kannan M, Sylas VP, Radhakrishnan EK. Culturable Endophytic Bacteria of Ginger Rhizome and their Remarkable Multi-trait Plant Growth-Promoting Features. Curr Microbiol 2018; 75:505-511. [PMID: 29218571 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-017-1410-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Functional contribution of endophytic bacteria towards plant growth is highly impressive due to their species diversity and array of probiotic mechanisms. In the study, 96 endophytic bacteria isolated from rhizome of ginger (Zingiber officinale) were screened for phosphate solubilisation, 1-amino cyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity, nitrogen fixation, ammonia and IAA production. Among these, sixteen endophytes with multiple plant growth-promoting activities were identified by 16S rDNA sequencing and all of them showed growth enhancement in Vigna unguiculata var Lola which make the study remarkably significant. The result was a clear indication of consistent, reliable and broad spectrum plant probiotic features of all the selected isolates. However, strain-specific effects on soil parameters represent the unique and distinguishable role of each of the selected isolates in the chemobiology of ginger rhizome. The study provided deeper insight into microbiomics of ginger rhizome with its agricultural promises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabu Rohini
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, PD Hills (PO), Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India
| | - R Aswani
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, PD Hills (PO), Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India
| | - M Kannan
- School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D. Hills (PO), Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India
| | - V P Sylas
- School of Environmental Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D. Hills (PO), Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India
| | - E K Radhakrishnan
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, PD Hills (PO), Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India.
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41
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Lee CJ, Chen LG, Liang WL, Hsieh MS, Wang CC. Inhibitory effects of punicalagin from Punica granatum against type II collagenase-induced osteoarthritis. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Al-Okbi SY, Hussein AMS, Elbakry HFH, Fouda KA, Mahmoud KF, Hassan ME. Health Benefits of Fennel, Rosemary Volatile Oils and their Nano-Forms in Dyslipidemic Rat Model. Pak J Biol Sci 2018; 21:348-358. [PMID: 30417995 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2018.348.358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Dyslipidemia is a major health problem that may lead to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In the present research, a biological experiment was run on dyslipidemic rats to study the health benefits of the volatile oils (VOs) of fennel and rosemary in its original and nano-form using chitosan as carrier. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were divided into 6 groups; normal control, dyslipidemic control and 4 test groups with dyslipidemia and treated by VOs of fennel and rosemary and their respective nano-forms separately. Glucose tolerance test was carried out after 4 weeks. Parameters reflecting oxidative stress/antioxidant plasma catalase, malondialdehyde (MDA) and blood uric acid, were assessed. Plasma lipid profile and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) as inflammatory biomarker were determined. Liver and kidney function were assessed as determinant of the safety of the different VO forms. Twenty four hour urinary volume was measured to assess creatinine clearance and to evaluate the possible diuretic activity of the VOs. RESULTS Dyslipidemic control rats showed dyslipidemia, increased CVDs risk, liver dysfunction, elevated MDA and TNF-α with marked increase in blood sugar after half an hour of glucose ingestion compared to normal control. Treatment with the four VOs forms improved the majority of the biochemical parameters. CONCLUSION All treatment showed cardio and hepato- protective effect and safety towards kidney and blood sugar. Oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers were significantly improved by the different treatments; both VO forms of fennel were more efficient in ameliorating inflammation.
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Caetano BFR, Tablas MB, Pereira NEF, de Moura NA, Carvalho RF, Rodrigues MAM, Barbisan LF. Capsaicin reduces genotoxicity, colonic cell proliferation and preneoplastic lesions induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 338:93-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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44
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Suresh K, Nangia A. Curcumin: pharmaceutical solids as a platform to improve solubility and bioavailability. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce00469b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The remarkable improvements in the pharmacokinetics and high bioavailability of curcumin polymorphs, amorphous, cocrystals, eutectics, and coamorphous solids are discussed. The importance of pharmaceutical solids in the advanced formulation development of herbal and bioactive molecule curcumin is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuthuru Suresh
- School of Chemistry
- University of Hyderabad
- Hyderabad 500 046
- India
| | - Ashwini Nangia
- School of Chemistry
- University of Hyderabad
- Hyderabad 500 046
- India
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
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45
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Demirel MA, Süntar İ. The Role of Secondary Metabolites on Gynecologic Cancer Therapy: Some Pathways and Mechanisms. Turk J Pharm Sci 2017; 14:324-334. [PMID: 32454632 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.49368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Gynecologic cancers are among the most common cancers in humans and animals. Treatment success depends on several factors including stage at diagnosis, tumor type, origin and metastasis. Currently, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are preferred in the treatment of these cancers. However, many anticarcinogenic drugs can cause severe adverse effects and also the expected response to treatment may not be obtained. In recent studies, the importance of the relationship between cancer and inflammation has been emphasized. Therefore, several phytochemicals that exhibit beneficial bioactive effects towards inflammatory pathways were proven to have anticarcinogenic potential for gynecologic cancer therapy. This review summarizes the role of inflammatory pathways in gynecologic cancers and effective secondary metabolites for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mürşide Ayşe Demirel
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory Animals Breeding and Experimental Research Center, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İpek Süntar
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Ankara, Turkey
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46
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Rajmani RS, Singh P, Singh LV. Apoptotic and Immunosuppressive Effects of Turmeric Paste on 7, 12 Di Methyl Benz (a) Anthracene Induced Skin Tumor Model of Wistar Rat. Nutr Cancer 2017; 69:1245-1255. [PMID: 29016221 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1367933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Dietary components with potent anticancerous property are gaining attention as therapeutic agents due to low cost of therapy and minimal toxic effects. Turmeric is one such miracle spices of Indian and South Asian recipes with multiple medicinal properties. The anticarcinogenic properties of its active compound curcumin have been studied in detail. However, studies on the medicinal properties of crude turmeric used as dietary agents are lacking. Therefore, in this study we investigated the effects of dietary and topical crude turmeric paste on DMBA induced skin tumor of male Wistar rats. We observed the apoptotic effect of crude turmeric paste on DMBA induced tumor with depletion of T cells response. Our results demonstrated the significant expression of major pro-apoptotic genes like caspase-2, 3, 8, 9, PARP, and p53 and down regulation of major pro-inflammatory (NF-κB) and pro-angiogenic factors and (VEGF) in turmeric treated tumor tissues. We also observed significant decrease in CD4+, CD8+, and Natural Killer cell population as compared to the untreated group.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Rajmani
- a Centre for Infectious Disease Research (CIDR) , Indian Institute of Science , Bengaluru , India.,b Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Izatnagar , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Prafull Singh
- b Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Izatnagar , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Lakshya Veer Singh
- b Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Izatnagar , Uttar Pradesh , India
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Gianfredi V, Nucci D, Vannini S, Villarini M, Moretti M. In vitro Biological Effects of Sulforaphane (SFN), Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), and Curcumin on Breast Cancer Cells: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Nutr Cancer 2017; 69:969-978. [PMID: 28872903 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1359322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Much of the recent research in neoplasia has been focusing on the epigenetics of cancer cells, particularly as regards the search for potential molecular biomarkers that could be used for early diagnosis, effective treatment, and prognosis of several types of cancer. Carcinogenesis often starts with mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, and it leads to anomalies in cellular processes as vital as cell cycle regulation and apoptosis. Because malignant changes arise as a result of genetic as well as epigenetic mechanisms, one possible means of intervention involves reprogramming gene expression, so as to-at least in part-revert the molecular alterations. DNA methylation and demethylation, acetylation and deacetylation of histones, and microRNAs are a few examples of the epigenetic mechanisms responsible for tumor development and progression. Many biologically active compounds present in food-including sulforaphane, curcumin, and epigallocatechin-have been found to modulate those processes. We here systematically review information on the effects of such bioactive dietary compounds on human breast cancer cell lines, and explore the mechanisms underlying those effects with a view to their potential therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Gianfredi
- a Graduate School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine , University of Perugia , Piazzale Gambuli, Perugia , Italy
| | - Daniele Nucci
- b Digestive Endoscopy Unit , Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-I.R.C.C.S , Padua , Italy
| | - Samuele Vannini
- c Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Unit of Public Health , University of Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - Milena Villarini
- c Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Unit of Public Health , University of Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - Massimo Moretti
- c Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Unit of Public Health , University of Perugia , Perugia , Italy
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Sturm C, Wagner AE. Brassica-Derived Plant Bioactives as Modulators of Chemopreventive and Inflammatory Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1890. [PMID: 28862664 PMCID: PMC5618539 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A high consumption of vegetables belonging to the Brassicaceae family has been related to a lower incidence of chronic diseases including different kinds of cancer. These beneficial effects of, e.g., broccoli, cabbage or rocket (arugula) intake have been mainly dedicated to the sulfur-containing glucosinolates (GLSs)-secondary plant compounds nearly exclusively present in Brassicaceae-and in particular to their bioactive breakdown products including isothiocyanates (ITCs). Overall, the current literature indicate that selected Brassica-derived ITCs exhibit health-promoting effects in vitro, as well as in laboratory mice in vivo. Some studies suggest anti-carcinogenic and anti-inflammatory properties for ITCs which may be communicated through an activation of the redox-sensitive transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) that controls the expression of antioxidant and phase II enzymes. Furthermore, it has been shown that ITCs are able to significantly ameliorate a severe inflammatory phenotype in colitic mice in vivo. As there are studies available suggesting an epigenetic mode of action for Brassica-derived phytochemicals, the conduction of further studies would be recommendable to investigate if the beneficial effects of these compounds also persist during an irregular consumption pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Sturm
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Anika E Wagner
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany.
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49
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Mathew C, Ghildyal R. CRM1 Inhibitors for Antiviral Therapy. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1171. [PMID: 28702009 PMCID: PMC5487384 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases are a major global concern and despite major advancements in medical research, still cause significant morbidity and mortality. Progress in antiviral therapy is particularly hindered by appearance of mutants capable of overcoming the effects of drugs targeting viral components. Alternatively, development of drugs targeting host proteins essential for completion of viral lifecycle holds potential as a viable strategy for antiviral therapy. Nucleocytoplasmic trafficking pathways in particular are involved in several pathological conditions including cancer and viral infections, where hijacking or alteration of function of key transporter proteins, such as Chromosome Region Maintenance1 (CRM1) is observed. Overexpression of CRM1-mediated nuclear export is evident in several solid and hematological malignancies. Interestingly, CRM1-mediated nuclear export of viral components is crucial in various stages of the viral lifecycle and assembly. This review summarizes the role of CRM1 in cancer and selected viruses. Leptomycin B (LMB) is the prototypical inhibitor of CRM1 potent against various cancer cell lines overexpressing CRM1 and in limiting viral infections at nanomolar concentrations in vitro. However, the irreversible shutdown of nuclear export results in high cytotoxicity and limited efficacy in vivo. This has prompted search for synthetic and natural CRM1 inhibitors that can potentially be developed as broadly active antivirals, some of which are summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reena Ghildyal
- Respiratory Virology Group, Centre for Research in Therapeutic Solutions, Health Research Institute, University of CanberraCanberra, ACT, Australia
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50
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Mancha-Ramirez AM, Slaga TJ. Ursolic Acid and Chronic Disease: An Overview of UA's Effects On Prevention and Treatment of Obesity and Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 928:75-96. [PMID: 27671813 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41334-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic diseases pose a worldwide problem and are only continuing to increase in incidence. Two major factors contributing to the increased incidence in chronic disease are a lack of physical activity and poor diet. As the link between diet and lifestyle and the increased incidence of chronic disease has been well established in the literature, novel preventive, and therapeutic methods should be aimed at naturally derived compounds such as ursolic acid (UA), the focus of this chapter. As chronic diseases, obesity and cancer share the common thread of inflammation and dysregulation of many related pathways, the focus here will be on these two chronic diseases. Significant evidence in the literature supports an important role for natural compounds such as UA in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases like obesity and cancer, and here we have highlighted many of the ways UA has been shown to be a beneficial and versatile phytochemical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Mancha-Ramirez
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Thomas J Slaga
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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