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Marconato L, Faroni E, Battisti E, Zaccone R, Stefanello D, Sabattini S. Incorporation of Biologic Variables Into the Staging for Canine Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Mast Cell Tumours: Proposal of the UBo pTNM System. Vet Comp Oncol 2024. [PMID: 39099458 DOI: 10.1111/vco.13000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Canine cutaneous mast cell tumours (MCTs) are currently staged based on the World Health Organization (WHO) classification, which has remained unchanged since its initial formulation. Our study aimed to assess the reliability of a novel pTNM staging system, which incorporates tumour extent (T), lymph node involvement (N), presence of distant metastases (M) and the two-tier histologic grade. We analysed medical records of dogs with one or more cutaneous/subcutaneous completely staged MCT, undergoing tumour excision with lymphadenectomy, unless distant metastases were present, in which cases, medical therapy was administered. Dogs were categorized into three stages: I (T1-2N0M0), II (T1-2N1M0) and III (distant metastases). Stages I and II were further divided based on histologic grade into 'low' and 'high'. Substage b was defined as the presence of tumour diameter of ≥3 cm and/or ulceration. Of 226 dogs, 87 (38.5%) were in Stage I (I-low, n = 75; I-high, n = 12), 107 (47.3%) in Stage II (II-low, n = 59; II-high, n = 48), and 32 (14.2%) in Stage III. The newly proposed staging system was able to significantly stratify the population for both time to progression and tumour-specific survival. Compared to Stage I-low, the risk of progression increased significantly for Stage I-high (18.3 times), Stage II-low (8.5 times), Stage II-high (41.5 times) and Stage III (110.3 times). The staging system was highly prognostic for both cutaneous and subcutaneous MCTs. Prospective validation studies are essential to compare this new system with the current WHO staging and further validate its accuracy and clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marconato
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (Bologna), Italy
| | - Eugenio Faroni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (Bologna), Italy
| | - Emiliano Battisti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (Bologna), Italy
| | - Riccardo Zaccone
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (Bologna), Italy
| | - Damiano Stefanello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - Silvia Sabattini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia (Bologna), Italy
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Guan D, Shi Q, Zheng Y, Zheng C, Meng X. Real-World Data on Pathological Response and Survival Outcomes After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in HER2-Low Breast Cancer Patients. Clin Breast Cancer 2024; 24:463-472.e2. [PMID: 38744585 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on the pathological responses and survival outcomes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-low breast cancer (BC) are lacking. This study aims to investigate this topic in the real world. METHODS Clinicopathological data from 819 HER2-negative BC patients who underwent NACT between 2010 and 2020 were retrospectively retrieved from the Shanghai Jiaotong University Breast Cancer Database. These patients were categorized into HER2-low and HER2-0 groups. Logistic analyses were conducted to identify predictors of complete pathological response (pCR) and breast pCR. Cox regression analyses were conducted to assess the factors associated with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curves were generated to compare DFS and OS between HER2-low BC and HER2-0 BC. RESULTS Of the 819 BC patients, 669 (81.7%) had HER2-low tumors, and 150 (18.3%) had HER2-0 tumors. HER2-low BC had a significantly higher ratio of ER ≥ 10%, PR ≥ 20%, and Ki67 ≥ 15% than HER2-0 BC. A significantly higher breast pCR rate was observed in HER2-low BC than in HER2-0 BC (13.6% and 7.3%, respectively, P = .036). Age, HER2 status (low or 0), Ki67, and surgery options were associated with breast pCR in HER2-negative BC. In HER2-low BC, the pCR rate of ER ≥ 10% BC was significantly lower than that of ER < 10% BC, but the DFS and OS of ER 10% BC were significantly higher. The K-M curve showed no significant differences in DFS or OS between HER2-low and HER2-0 BC. Cox regression revealed that ER expression and histological grade (III vs. I∼II) were significantly associated with survival in HER2-low BC. CONCLUSIONS In this real-world data (RWD) study, a significantly higher breast pCR rate was found in HER2-low BC than in HER2-0 BC, although there was no significant difference in survival. Moreover, ER expression had a significant prognostic impact on HER2-low BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Guan
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow, China; General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory for diagnosis and treatment of upper limb edema and stasis of breast cancer, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingyang Shi
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Haining branch of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yajuan Zheng
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory for diagnosis and treatment of upper limb edema and stasis of breast cancer, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaopeng Zheng
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuli Meng
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory for diagnosis and treatment of upper limb edema and stasis of breast cancer, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Yang S, Huan R, Deng M, Luo T, Peng S, Xiong Y, Han G, Liu J, Zhang J, Tan Y. Pan-cancer analysis revealed prognosis value and immunological relevance of RAMPs. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24849. [PMID: 38317990 PMCID: PMC10838762 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Whether receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs) play a key role in human cancer prognosis and immunity remains unknown. We used data from the public databases, The Cancer Genome Atlas, Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments, and the Genotype-Tissue Expression project. We utilized bioinformatics methods, R software, and a variety of online databases to analyze RAMPs. In general, RAMPs were significantly and differentially expressed in multiple tumors, and RAMP expression was closely associated with prognosis, immune checkpoints, RNA-editing genes, tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, ploidy, and stemness indices. In addition, the expression of RAMPs is strongly correlated with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in human cancers. Moreover, the RAMP co-expression network is largely involved in many immune-related biological processes. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot proved that RAMP3 was highly expressed in glioma, and RAMP3 promoted tumor proliferation and migration. RAMPs exhibit potential as prognostic and immune-related biomarkers in human cancers. Moreover, RAMPs can be potentially developed as therapeutic targets or used to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Yang
- Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Renzheng Huan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mei Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Shuo Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Yunbiao Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Guoqiang Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Guizhou University Medical College, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiqin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Ying Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
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Kienzler JC, Becher B. Immunity in malignant brain tumors: Tumor entities, role of immunotherapy, and specific contribution of myeloid cells to the brain tumor microenvironment. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2250257. [PMID: 37940552 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Malignant brain tumors lack effective treatment, that can improve their poor overall survival achieved with standard of care. Advancement in different cancer treatments has shifted the focus in brain tumor research and clinical trials toward immunotherapy-based approaches. The investigation of the immune cell landscape revealed a dominance of myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment. Their exact roles and functions are the subject of ongoing research. Current evidence suggests a complex interplay of tumor cells and myeloid cells with competing functions toward support vs. control of tumor growth. Here, we provide a brief overview of the three most abundant brain tumor entities: meningioma, glioma, and brain metastases. We also describe the field of ongoing immunotherapy trials and their results, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, vaccination studies, oncolytic viral therapy, and CAR-T cells. Finally, we summarize the phenotypes of microglia, monocyte-derived macrophages, border-associated macrophages, neutrophils, and potential novel therapy targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny C Kienzler
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, Inflammation Research Lab, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Burkhard Becher
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, Inflammation Research Lab, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Schroyen G, Sleurs C, Ottenbourgs T, Leenaerts N, Nevelsteen I, Melis M, Smeets A, Deprez S, Sunaert S. Changes in leukoencephalopathy and serum neurofilament after (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Transl Oncol 2023; 37:101769. [PMID: 37651891 PMCID: PMC10480307 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous case studies have provided evidence for chemotherapy-induced leukoencephalopathy in patients with breast cancer. However, prospective research is lacking. Hence, we investigated leukoencephalopathy before and after chemotherapy and its association with a serum neuroaxonal damage marker. METHODS This prospective cohort study included 40 patients receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer, and two age- and education-matched control groups, recruited between 2018 and 2021 (31-64 years of age). The latter control groups consisted of 39 chemotherapy-naïve patients and 40 healthy women. Fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery magnetic resonance imaging was used for lesion volumetry (total, juxtacortical, periventricular, infratentorial, and deep white matter) and blood serum to measure neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels. Acquisition took place pre-chemotherapy and three months and one-year post-chemotherapy, or at corresponding intervals. Within/between group differences were compared using robust mixed-effects modeling, and associations between total lesion volume and serum-NfL with linear regression. RESULTS Stronger increases in deep white matter lesion volumes were observed shortly post-chemotherapy, compared with healthy women (ßstandardized=0.09, pFDR<0.001). Increases in total lesion volume could mainly be attributed to enlargement of existing lesions (mean±SD, 0.12±0.16 mL), rather than development of new lesions (0.02±0.02 mL). A stronger increase in serum-NfL concentration was observed shortly post-chemotherapy compared with both control groups (ß>0.70, p<0.004), neither of which showed any changes over time, whereas a decrease was observed compared with healthy women one-year post-chemotherapy (ß=-0.54, p = 0.002). Serum-NfL concentrations were associated with lesion volume one-year post-chemotherapy (or at matched timepoint; ß=0.36, p = 0.010), whereas baseline or short-term post-therapy levels or changes were not. CONCLUSION These results underscore the possibility of chemotherapy-induced leukoencephalopathy months post-treatment, as well as the added value of serum-NfL as a prognostic marker for peripheral/central neurotoxicity. TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE Previous case studies have provided evidence of chemotherapy-induced leukoencephalopathy in patients with breast cancer. However, prospective studies to estimate longitudinal changes are currently missing. In this study, we used longitudinal fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery magnetic resonance imaging to assess white matter lesion volumes in patients treated for non-metastatic breast cancer and healthy women. Our findings demonstrate that chemotherapy-treated patients exhibit stronger increases in lesion volumes compared with healthy women, specifically in deep white matter, at three months post-chemotherapy. Increases could mainly be attributed to enlargement of existing lesions, rather than development of new lesions. Last, serum concentrations of neurofilament light chain, a neuroaxonal damage marker, increased shortly after chemotherapy and long-term post-chemotherapy levels were associated with lesion volumes. These findings highlight the potential of this non-invasive serum marker as a prognostic marker for peripheral and/or central neurotoxicity. Implementation in clinical practice could aid in therapeutic decisions, assessing disease activity, or monitoring treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwen Schroyen
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational MRI, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Sleurs
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium; Tilburg University, Department of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Tilburg, the Netherlands; KU Leuven, Department of Oncology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tine Ottenbourgs
- KU Leuven, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational MRI, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Leenaerts
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Mind-Body Research, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, University Psychiatric Center, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Psychiatry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ines Nevelsteen
- University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Oncology, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Oncology, Surgical Oncology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michelle Melis
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational MRI, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Smeets
- University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Oncology, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Oncology, Surgical Oncology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sabine Deprez
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational MRI, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Stefan Sunaert
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational MRI, Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Radiology, Leuven, Belgium
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Zhong X, Lin Y, Zhang W, Bi Q. Predicting diagnosis and survival of bone metastasis in breast cancer using machine learning. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18301. [PMID: 37880320 PMCID: PMC10600146 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45438-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at establishing more accurate predictive models based on novel machine learning algorithms, with the overarching goal of providing clinicians with effective decision-making assistance. We retrospectively analyzed the breast cancer patients recorded in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2010 to 2016. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors for bone metastases in breast cancer, whereas Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to identify prognostic factors for breast cancer with bone metastasis (BCBM). Based on the identified risk and prognostic factors, we developed diagnostic and prognostic models that incorporate six machine learning classifiers. We then used the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), learning curve, precision curve, calibration plot, and decision curve analysis to evaluate performance of the machine learning models. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that bone metastases were significantly associated with age, race, sex, grade, T stage, N stage, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, tumor size, brain metastasis, liver metastasis, lung metastasis, breast subtype, and PR. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that age, race, marital status, grade, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, brain metastasis, liver metastasis, lung metastasis, breast subtype, ER, and PR were closely associated with the prognosis of BCBM. Among the six machine learning models, the XGBoost algorithm predicted the most accurate results (Diagnostic model AUC = 0.98; Prognostic model AUC = 0.88). According to the Shapley additive explanations (SHAP), the most critical feature of the diagnostic model was surgery, followed by N stage. Interestingly, surgery was also the most critical feature of prognostic model, followed by liver metastasis. Based on the XGBoost algorithm, we could effectively predict the diagnosis and survival of bone metastasis in breast cancer and provide targeted references for the treatment of BCBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xugang Zhong
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Cancer Center, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Cancer Center, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanze Lin
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Cancer Center, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Cancer Center, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, 317000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qing Bi
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Cancer Center, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Cancer Center, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Luís C, Schmitt F, Fernandes R, Coimbra N, Rigor J, Dias P, Leitão D, Fernandes R, Soares R. Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes Differentially Express Gluconeogenic Rate-Limiting Enzymes-Obesity as a Crucial Player. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4936. [PMID: 37894303 PMCID: PMC10605212 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous entity, where different molecular subtypes (MS) exhibit distinct prognostic and therapeutic responses. A series of 62 breast cancer samples stratified by MS was obtained from the tumor biobank of IPO-Porto. The expression of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis-regulating enzymes was investigated by immunohistochemistry. Data analysis included stratification according to MS, body mass index (BMI), and BMI with MS (mBMI). We observed significant differences in pyruvate carboxylase (PC), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK), and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBP) tumor cell expression when stratified by MS and mBMI. The expression of these enzymes was also statistically dependent on hormonal receptors and HER2 status and correlated with pathological stage and histological grade. Obesity tended to attenuate these differences, particularly in PC expression, although these were not affected by adipocyte deposition or inflammatory infiltration at the tumor microenvironment. Nonetheless, PCK and FBP expression was also modified by the presence of obesity-associated disorders like diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Taken together, these findings identify metabolic fingerprints for breast cancer as distinct histological types, which are affected by the presence of obesity and obesity-associated conditions. Despite the biological role of the differential expression of enzymes remaining unknown, the current study highlights the need to identify the expression of gluconeogenic-regulating enzymes as a tool for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Luís
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.L.); (J.R.)
- i3S—Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Fernando Schmitt
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- Pathology and Oncology Unit, Pathological Anatomy Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
- CINTESIS@RISE, Health Research Network, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rute Fernandes
- Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (R.F.); (N.C.)
| | - Nuno Coimbra
- Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (R.F.); (N.C.)
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Rigor
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.L.); (J.R.)
- Internal Medicine Department, Póvoa de Varzim/Vila do Conde Hospital Centre, 4490-421 Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal
| | - Paula Dias
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center Raquel Seruca (Porto.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Dina Leitão
- Pathology and Oncology Unit, Pathological Anatomy Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Rúben Fernandes
- i3S—Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- FP-I3ID—Instituto de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento, FP-BHS—Biomedical and Health Sciences Resarci Unit, FFP—Fundação Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Soares
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (C.L.); (J.R.)
- i3S—Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
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Gegios AR, Peterson MS, Fowler AM. Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis: Recent Advances in Imaging and Current Limitations. PET Clin 2023; 18:459-471. [PMID: 37296043 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer detection has a significant impact on population health. Although there are many breast imaging modalities, mammography is the predominant tool for breast cancer screening. The introduction of digital breast tomosynthesis to mammography has contributed to increased cancer detection rates and decreased recall rates. In average-risk women, starting annual screening mammography at age 40 years has demonstrated the highest mortality reduction. In intermediate- and high-risk women as well as in those with dense breasts, additional modalities, including MRI, ultrasound, and molecular breast imaging, can also be considered for adjunct screening to improve the detection of mammographically occult malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison R Gegios
- Section of Breast Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792-3252, USA
| | - Molly S Peterson
- Section of Breast Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792-3252, USA
| | - Amy M Fowler
- Section of Breast Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53792-3252, USA; University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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9
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Elanany MM, Mostafa D, Hamdy NM. Remodeled tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) parade via natural killer cells reprogramming in breast cancer. Life Sci 2023; 330:121997. [PMID: 37536617 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the main cause of cancer-related mortality among women globally. Despite substantial advances in the identification and management of primary tumors, traditional therapies including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation cannot completely eliminate the danger of relapse and metastatic illness. Metastasis is controlled by microenvironmental and systemic mechanisms, including immunosurveillance. This led to the evolvement of immunotherapies that has gained much attention in the recent years for cancer treatment directed to the innate immune system. The long forgotten innate immune cells known as natural killer (NK) cells have emerged as novel targets for more effective therapeutics for BC. Normally, NK cells has the capacity to identify and eradicate tumor cells either directly or by releasing cytotoxic granules, chemokines and proinflammatory cytokines. Yet, NK cells are exposed to inhibitory signals by cancer cells, which causes them to become dysfunctional in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) in BC, supporting tumor escape and spread. Potential mechanisms of NK cell dysfunction in BC metastasis have been recently identified. Understanding these immunologic pathways driving BC metastasis will lead to improvements in the current immunotherapeutic strategies. In the current review, we highlight how BC evades immunosurveillance by rendering NK cells dysfunctional and we shed the light on novel NK cell- directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M Elanany
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, 11566 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Mostafa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, 11566 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Nadia M Hamdy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, 11566 Cairo, Egypt.
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Giffoni de Mello Morais Mata D, Chehade R, Hannouf MB, Raphael J, Blanchette P, Al-Humiqani A, Ray M. Appraisal of Systemic Treatment Strategies in Early HER2-Positive Breast Cancer-A Literature Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4336. [PMID: 37686612 PMCID: PMC10486709 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The overexpression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2+) accounts for 15-20% of all breast cancer phenotypes. Even after the completion of the standard combination of chemotherapy and trastuzumab, relapse events occur in approximately 15% of cases. The neoadjuvant approach has multiple benefits that include the potential to downgrade staging and convert previously unresectable tumors to operable tumors. In addition, achieving a pathologic complete response (pCR) following preoperative systemic treatment is prognostic of enhanced survival outcomes. Thus, optimal evaluation among the suitable strategies is crucial in deciding which patients should be selected for the neoadjuvant approach. METHODS A literature search was conducted in the Embase, Medline, and Cochrane electronic libraries. CONCLUSION The evaluation of tumor and LN staging and, hence, stratifying BC recurrence risk are decisive factors in guiding clinicians to optimize treatment decisions between the neoadjuvant versus adjuvant approaches. For each individual case, it is important to consider the most likely postsurgical outcome, since, if the patient does not obtain pCR following neoadjuvant treatment, they are eligible for adjuvant T-DM1 in the case of residual disease. This review of HER2-positive female BC outlines suitable neoadjuvant and adjuvant systemic treatment strategies for guiding clinical decision making around the selection of an appropriate therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Giffoni de Mello Morais Mata
- Division of Medical Oncology, London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada; (J.R.); (P.B.)
| | - Rania Chehade
- Division of Medical Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; (R.C.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Malek B. Hannouf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada;
| | - Jacques Raphael
- Division of Medical Oncology, London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada; (J.R.); (P.B.)
| | - Phillip Blanchette
- Division of Medical Oncology, London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada; (J.R.); (P.B.)
| | - Abdullah Al-Humiqani
- Division of Medical Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; (R.C.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Monali Ray
- Division of Medical Oncology, Markham Stouffville Hospital, Markham, ON L3P 7P3, Canada;
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11
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Rincon J, Kastellorizios M. Novel Method to Obtain Contact Angles of Tumor Biopsies. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:26965-26972. [PMID: 37546668 PMCID: PMC10398839 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Characterizing the strength of a solid-liquid interface can be done by depositing a single drop of liquid on a planar solid surface and measuring the angle of the formed semicircle, called the contact angle. The contact angle of pure water is indicative of a surface's hydrophobicity and is a useful metric in biomedical applications such as tissue scaffolding and drug/tissue interactions. However, the roughness and inhomogeneity of most biological surfaces make obtaining accurate contact angles of such materials challenging. Here, we developed an instrument and methodology to obtain contact angles of tissue sections. Breast cancer tumor and nearby healthy tissue sections were used as the model biological surface. The custom instrument was built on existing equipment by improving drop dispensing accuracy in the nanoliter range, an XYZ stage, additional side view cameras, and microscope-based sample visualization. The method takes into account the inherent surface inhomogeneity and topology of tissue and the required method of illumination for contact angle acquisition. As such, the system uses an inverted microscope with a high sensitivity camera, an XYZ stage for accurate droplet placement on tissue, and multiple cameras to obtain contact angles around the entire perimeter of the drop. We tested the system with breast cancer biopsies and adjacent normal tissue from 75 patients and report here a trend of tumor exhibiting higher water contact angles, and thus higher hydrophobicity, compared to their respective normal adjacent tissue. The system described here can be used to characterize any type of biological tissue, which can be sectioned, with any liquid including water or solutions with dissolved or suspended therapeutic molecules and particles.
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12
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Schneider M, Köpke MB, Zehni AZ, Vilsmaier T, Kessler M, Kailuweit M, Vattai A, Heidegger HH, Cavaillès V, Jeschke U, Ditsch N. Cytoplasmic Localization of Thyroid Hormone Receptor (TR) Alpha and Nuclear Expression of Its Isoform TRα2 Determine Survival in Breast Cancer in Opposite Ways. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3610. [PMID: 37509273 PMCID: PMC10377287 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the respective prognostic values of cytoplasmic and nuclear TRα, TRα1, and TRα2 expression in breast cancer (BC) tissue samples and correlate the results with clinico-pathological parameters. In 249 BC patients, the expression patterns of general TRα and the α1 and α2 isoforms were evaluated via immuno-histochemistry. Prognosis-determining aspects were calculated via univariate, as well as multivariate, analysis. Univariate Cox-regression analysis revealed no association between nuclear TRα expression and overall survival (OS) (p = 0.126), whereas cytoplasmic TRα expression was significantly correlated with a poor outcome for both OS (p = 0.034) and ten-year survival (p = 0.009). Strengthening these results, cytoplasmic TRα was found to be an independent marker of OS (p = 0.010) when adjusted to fit clinico-pathological parameters. Analyses of the TRα-subgroups revealed that TRα1 had no prognostic relevance, whereas nuclear TRα2 expression was positively associated with OS (p = 0.014), ten-year survival (p = 0.029), and DFS (p = 0.043). Additionally, nuclear TRα2 expression was found to be an independent positive prognosticator (p = 0.030) when adjusted to fit clinico-pathological parameters. Overall, our results support the hypothesis that subcellular localization of TRα and its isoforms plays an important role in the carcinogenesis and prognosis of breast cancer. Cytoplasmic TRα expression correlates with more aggressive disease progression, whereas nuclear TRα2 expression appears to be a protective factor. These data may help us to prioritize high-risk BC subgroups for possible targeted tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariella Schneider
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Melitta B Köpke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Alaleh Zati Zehni
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Theresa Vilsmaier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Mirjana Kessler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Magdalena Kailuweit
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Aurelia Vattai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Vincent Cavaillès
- IRCM-Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université Montpellier, Parc Euromédecine, 208 rue des Apothicaires, CEDEX 5, F-34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Ditsch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany
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Queiroga LDL, Pitta RM, Trevisani MDF, Montenegro CGDSP, Bugano DDG, Figueira Junior AJ, Baker JS, Bocalini DS, Matos LDNJD. Is physical inactivity and sedentary behavior associated with tumor stage in breast cancer patients? A cross-sectional study of Brazilian women. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2023; 21:eAO0215. [PMID: 37341217 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2023ao0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A comparative analysis of the association between sedentary behavior versus physical activity levels and tumor staging in women with breast cancer. METHODS The present research adopted a cross-sectional study design to recruit a total of 55 adult and elderly women newly diagnosed with breast cancer for data collection and analysis. Inclusion criteria involved patients in procession of a formal approval for participation in the study by the treating physician and those not hitherto subjected to the first cycle of chemotherapy. RESULTS Physical activity levels did not influence the pathological stage of breast cancer (p=0.26) or histological tumor grade (p=0.07) in the analyzed subjects. However, there was a significant association between physical activity levels and responsiveness to hormones (epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2), p<0.05) in the analyzed subjects. Significant difference was detected in the histological tumor grade in relation to the mean time spent sitting during the weekend (p<0.05). However, sedentary behavior had no influence on the tumor stage (p>0.05). CONCLUSION Physical activity levels did not influence the tumor stage and histological tumor grade. Sedentary behavior had a significant influence on the histological tumor grade.
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14
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Qian L, Li L, Li Y, Li S, Zhang B, Zhu Y, Yang B. LncRNA HOTAIR as a ceRNA is related to breast cancer risk and prognosis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023:10.1007/s10549-023-06982-4. [PMID: 37294527 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-06982-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer (BC) is one of the biggest threats to women's health. LncRNA HOTAIR is related to the recurrence and metastasis of BC. Whether HOTAIR can serve as an effective biomarker to distinguish BC patients with different prognosis need to be further studied. METHODS The miRNA and mRNA expression profile data of BC patients were downloaded from TCGA database. Univariate Cox regression was used to screen differential expression genes (DEGs). The miRcode database and miRWalk database were used to predict miRNA binding to HOTAIR and binding sites of miRNAs, respectively. Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis was used to estimate the overall survival rate of BC patients. Finally, qRT-PCR and western blot were applied to evaluate the expression level of HOTAIR and mRNAs between BC cells and normal mammary cells. RESULTS The patients with high HOTAIR expression had poor prognosis in BC. Totally 10 genes correlated with BC prognosis were identified from 170 DEGs, among which PAX7, IYD, ZIC2, MS4A1, TPRXL, CD24, LHX1 were positively correlated with HOTAIR, while CHAD, NPY1R, TPRG1 were opposite. The levels of IYD, ZIC2, CD24 mRNA and protein were increased in BC tissues and BC cells. In BC cells, the levels of IYD, ZIC2 and CD24 mRNA and protein were significantly increased in HOTAIR overexpressed group. HOTAIR had the strongest interaction with hsa-miR-129-5p, followed by hsa-miR-107. CONCLUSION HOTAIR regulated the expression of downstream genes by interacting with 8 miRNAs and ultimately affected the prognosis of BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu Qian
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shen Li
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, No.22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nankai University Affiliated Third Center Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300170, China.
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Third Center Hospital, 83 Jintang Road, Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China.
| | - Bing Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, No.22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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15
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González-Castro L, Chávez M, Duflot P, Bleret V, Martin AG, Zobel M, Nateqi J, Lin S, Pazos-Arias JJ, Del Fiol G, López-Nores M. Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Breast Cancer Recurrence Using Structured and Unstructured Sources from Electronic Health Records. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2741. [PMID: 37345078 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Recurrence is a critical aspect of breast cancer (BC) that is inexorably tied to mortality. Reuse of healthcare data through Machine Learning (ML) algorithms offers great opportunities to improve the stratification of patients at risk of cancer recurrence. We hypothesized that combining features from structured and unstructured sources would provide better prediction results for 5-year cancer recurrence than either source alone. We collected and preprocessed clinical data from a cohort of BC patients, resulting in 823 valid subjects for analysis. We derived three sets of features: structured information, features from free text, and a combination of both. We evaluated the performance of five ML algorithms to predict 5-year cancer recurrence and selected the best-performing to test our hypothesis. The XGB (eXtreme Gradient Boosting) model yielded the best performance among the five evaluated algorithms, with precision = 0.900, recall = 0.907, F1-score = 0.897, and area under the receiver operating characteristic AUROC = 0.807. The best prediction results were achieved with the structured dataset, followed by the unstructured dataset, while the combined dataset achieved the poorest performance. ML algorithms for BC recurrence prediction are valuable tools to improve patient risk stratification, help with post-cancer monitoring, and plan more effective follow-up. Structured data provides the best results when fed to ML algorithms. However, an approach based on natural language processing offers comparable results while potentially requiring less mapping effort.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcela Chávez
- Department of Information System Management, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Patrick Duflot
- Department of Information System Management, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Valérie Bleret
- Senology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Marc Zobel
- Science Department, Symptoma GmbH, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jama Nateqi
- Science Department, Symptoma GmbH, 1030 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Simon Lin
- Science Department, Symptoma GmbH, 1030 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - José J Pazos-Arias
- atlanTTic Research Center, Department of Telematics Engineering, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Guilherme Del Fiol
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Martín López-Nores
- atlanTTic Research Center, Department of Telematics Engineering, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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16
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Ahn JH, Park JM, Choi SB, Go J, Lee J, Kim JY, Park HS. Early experience of robotic axillary lymph node dissection in patients with node-positive breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 198:405-412. [PMID: 36418519 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06760-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Robotic surgical systems enable surgeons to perform precise movement in the surgical field using high-resolution 3D vision and flexible robotic instruments. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of performing axillary lymph node dissection using a robotic surgical system in patients with node-positive breast cancer. METHODS Thirty-two women with breast cancer who underwent robot-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy (RNSM) and level I/II axillary lymph node dissection were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups: RNSM with conventional axillary lymph node dissection (CALND) vs. RNSM with robotic axillary lymph node dissection (RALND). Clinicopathological features and surgical outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS The median age of the patients was 44 (range 20-59) years. Eleven patients underwent RALND. None of the clinicopathologic features differed between the two groups. There were no statistically significant differences in surgical outcomes, except for the final incision size, between the two groups. The proportion of cases with an incision ≤ 40 mm was 63.6% in the RALND group and 36.4% in the CALND group (p = 0.020). CONCLUSION RALND can be safely performed in RNSM. RNSM with RALND is comparable to RNSM with CALND in terms of early surgical outcomes. The incision size can be reduced when using RALND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Hyun Ahn
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Park
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Bo Choi
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieon Go
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeea Lee
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Ye Kim
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Seok Park
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Defining the Emergence of New Immunotherapy Approaches in Breast Cancer: Role of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065208. [PMID: 36982282 PMCID: PMC10048951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) continues to be the most diagnosed tumor in women and a very heterogeneous disease both inter- and intratumoral, mainly given by the variety of molecular profiles with different biological and clinical characteristics. Despite the advancements in early detection and therapeutic strategies, the survival rate is low in patients who develop metastatic disease. Therefore, it is mandatory to explore new approaches to achieve better responses. In this regard, immunotherapy arose as a promising alternative to conventional treatments due to its ability to modulate the immune system, which may play a dual role in this disease since the relationship between the immune system and BC cells depends on several factors: the tumor histology and size, as well as the involvement of lymph nodes, immune cells, and molecules that are part of the tumor microenvironment. Particularly, myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) expansion is one of the major immunosuppressive mechanisms used by breast tumors since it has been associated with worse clinical stage, metastatic burden, and poor efficacy of immunotherapies. This review focuses on the new immunotherapies in BC in the last five years. Additionally, the role of MDSC as a therapeutic target in breast cancer will be described.
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Prognostic impact of lymphovascular and perineural invasion in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3828. [PMID: 36882521 PMCID: PMC9992656 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30939-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of lymphovascular and perineural invasions in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue who received surgery-based treatment at our institution between January 2013 and December 2020. Patients were divided into four groups based on the presence of perineural (P-/P +) and lymphovascular invasions (V-/V +): P-V-, P-V + , P + V-, and P + V + . Log-rank and Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the association between perineural /lymphovascular invasion and overall survival (OS). Altogether, 127 patients were included, and 95 (74.8%), 8 (6.3%), 18 (14.2%), and 6 (4.7%) cases were classified as P-V-, P-V + , P + V-, and P + V + , respectively. Pathologic N stage (pN stage), tumor stage, histological grade, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, and postoperative radiotherapy were significantly associated with OS (p < 0.05). OS was significantly different among the four groups (p < 0.05). Significant between-group differences in OS were detected for node-positive (p < 0.05) and stage III-IV (p < 0.05) cases. OS was the worst in the P + V + group. Lymphovascular and perineural invasions are independent negative prognostic factors for squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Patients with lymphovascular and/or perineural invasion may have significantly poorer overall survival than those without neurovascular involvement.
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Song CV, van Gils CH, Yip CH, Soerjomataram I, Taib NAM, See MH, Lim A, Abdul Satar NF, Bhoo-Pathy N. Discriminatory Ability and Clinical Utility of the AJCC7 and AJCC8 Staging Systems for Breast Cancer in a Middle-Income Setting. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:674. [PMID: 36832162 PMCID: PMC9955895 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13040674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Differences in access to biomarker testing and cancer treatment in resource-limited settings may affect the clinical utility of the AJCC8 staging system compared to the anatomical AJCC7 system. (2) Methods: A total of 4151 Malaysian women who were newly diagnosed with breast cancer from 2010 to 2020 were followed-up until December 2021. All patients were staged using the AJCC7 and AJCC8 systems. Overall survival (OS) and relative survival (RS) were determined. Concordance-index was used to compare the discriminatory ability between the two systems. (3) Results: Migration from the AJCC7 to AJCC8 staging system resulted in the downstaging of 1494 (36.0%) patients and the upstaging of 289 (7.0%) patients. Approximately 5% of patients could not be staged using the AJCC8 classification. Five-year OS varied between 97% (Stage IA) and 66% (Stage IIIC) for AJCC7, and 96% (Stage IA) and 60% (Stage IIIC) for AJCC8. Concordance-indexes for predicting OS using the AJCC7 and AJCC8 models were 0.720 (0.694-0.747) and 0.745 (0.716-0.774), and for predicting RS they were 0.692 (0.658-0.728) and 0.710 (0.674-0.748), respectively. (4) Conclusions: Given the comparable discriminatory ability between the two staging systems in predicting the stage-specific survival of women with breast cancer in the current study, the continued use of the AJCC7 staging system in resource-limited settings seems pragmatic and justifiable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Vern Song
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, UMC Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Carla H. van Gils
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, UMC Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cheng-Har Yip
- Ramsay Sime Darby Health Care, Jalan SS12, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Isabelle Soerjomataram
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cr Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Nur Aishah Mohd Taib
- Department of Surgery, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Jalan Professor Diraja Ungku Aziz, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia
| | - Mee-Hoong See
- Department of Surgery, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Jalan Professor Diraja Ungku Aziz, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia
| | - Alexander Lim
- Hospital Seberang Jaya, Jalan Tun Hussein Onn, Seberang Jaya, Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang 13700, Malaysia
| | - Nur Fadhlina Abdul Satar
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Jalan Professor Diraja Ungku Aziz, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia
| | - Nirmala Bhoo-Pathy
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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Tang J, Zhanghuang C, Yao Z, Li L, Xie Y, Tang H, Zhang K, Wu C, Yang Z, Yan B. Development and validation of a nomogram to predict cancer-specific survival in middle-aged patients with papillary thyroid cancer: A SEER database study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13665. [PMID: 36852028 PMCID: PMC9958280 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid cancer (TC) accounts for more than 90% of endocrine tumours and is a typical head and neck tumour in adults. The aim of this study was to develop a predictive tool to predict cancer-specific survival (CSS) in middle-aged patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods The patients from 2004 to 2015 were randomly divided into a training cohort (n = 25,342) and a internal validation cohort (n = 10,725). The patients from 2016 to 2018 were treated as an external validation cohort (n = 11353). COX proportional hazard model was used to screen meaningful independent risk factors. These factors were constructed into a nomogram to predict CSS in middle-aged patients with PTC. The performance and accuracy of the nomogram were then evaluated using the concordance index (C-index), calibration curve and the area under the curve (AUC). The clinical value of nomogram was evaluated by decision curve analysis (DCA). Results Age, gender, marriage, tumour grade, T stage, N stage, M stage, surgery, chemotherapy, and tumour size were independent prognostic factors. The C-indexes of the training, internal validation, and external validation cohorts were 0.906, 0.887, and 0.962, respectively. The AUC and calibration curves show good accuracy. DCA shows that the clinical value of the nomogram is higher than that of Tumour, Node and Metastasis (TNM) staging. Conclusion We developed a new prediction tool to predict CSS in middle-aged patients with PTC. The model has good performance after internal and external validation, which can be friendly to help doctors and patients predict CSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenghao Zhanghuang
- Department of Urology, Kunming Children's Hospital(Children's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University), Kunming, PR China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Children's Major Disease Research, Kunming Children's Hospital(Children's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University), Kunming, PR China.,Department of Oncology; Yunnan Children Solid Tumor Treatment Center, Kunming Children's Hospital(Children's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University), Kunming, PR China
| | - Zhigang Yao
- Department of Urology, Kunming Children's Hospital(Children's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University), Kunming, PR China
| | - Li Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Children's Major Disease Research, Kunming Children's Hospital(Children's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University), Kunming, PR China
| | - Yucheng Xie
- Department of Pathology, Kunming Children's Hospital(Children's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University), Kunming, PR China
| | - Haoyu Tang
- Department of Urology, Kunming Children's Hospital(Children's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University), Kunming, PR China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Urology, Kunming Children's Hospital(Children's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University), Kunming, PR China
| | - Chengchuang Wu
- Department of Urology, Kunming Children's Hospital(Children's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University), Kunming, PR China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Oncology; Yunnan Children Solid Tumor Treatment Center, Kunming Children's Hospital(Children's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University), Kunming, PR China
| | - Bing Yan
- Department of Urology, Kunming Children's Hospital(Children's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University), Kunming, PR China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Children's Major Disease Research, Kunming Children's Hospital(Children's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University), Kunming, PR China.,Department of Oncology; Yunnan Children Solid Tumor Treatment Center, Kunming Children's Hospital(Children's Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University), Kunming, PR China
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21
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Ma J, Wang F, Chen C, Ji J, Huang P, Wei D, Zhang Y, Ren L. Identification of prognostic genes signature and construction of ceRNA network in pirarubicin treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer 2023; 30:379-392. [PMID: 36622564 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-023-01433-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The altered long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), circular RNA (circRNA) and mRNA expression in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) after pirarubicin (THP) treatment can be a critical factor in the development of tumor. Here, we identify a set of lncRNA, circRNA, and mRNA that can reveal the molecular target and molecular mechanism of THP, and can be used to predict the prognostic characteristics of TNBC. METHODS Affymetrix GeneChip sequencing was performed to determine whether lncRNA, circRNA, and mRNA were changed in MDA-MB-231 cells after THP treatment, and qRT-PCR was used to verify the accuracy of GeneChip results. Bioinformatics methods were used to analyze the differentially expressed (DE) lncRNA, circRNA and mRNA, and the co-expression network and ceRNA network were constructed. The STRING database, Kaplan-meier Mapper database, GEPIA database, and Tumor Immunity Estimation Resource were used to screen hub genes with clinical value and important significance. RESULTS THP 5 μM could significantly inhibit proliferation, migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells for 24 h. 1547 DE lncRNAs, 4992 DE circRNAs, and 5777 DE mRNAs were identified. The reliability of the GeneChip was verified by qRT-PCR. An mRNA-lncRNA/circRNA co-expression network was constructed based on the Pearson correlation coefficient. Finally, we established a new ceRNA network, including three circRNAs, five miRNAs, and three mRNAs. The mRNAs are associated with immune infiltration. The mRNAs and miRNAs are significantly associated with survival outcomes in TNBC. CONCLUSION The results reveal the molecular target and mechanism of THP treatment of TNBC. These ceRNA network can be used as molecular targets for the treatment of TNBC patients and as molecular biomarkers to predict patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiulong Ma
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fengjun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Songyuan Central Hospital, Songyuan, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiahua Ji
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dexian Wei
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Liqun Ren
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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22
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Gharoonpour A, Simiyari D, Yousefzadeh A, Badragheh F, Rahmati M. Autophagy modulation in breast cancer utilizing nanomaterials and nanoparticles. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1150492. [PMID: 37213283 PMCID: PMC10196239 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1150492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy regenerates cellular nutrients, recycles metabolites, and maintains hemostasis through multistep signaling pathways, in conjunction with lysosomal degradation mechanisms. In tumor cells, autophagy has been shown to play a dual role as both tumor suppressor and tumor promoter, leading to the discovery of new therapeutic strategies for cancer. Therefore, regulation of autophagy is essential during cancer progression. In this regard, the use of nanoparticles (NPs) is a promising technique in the clinic to modulate autophagy pathways. Here, we summarized the importance of breast cancer worldwide, and we discussed its classification, current treatment strategies, and the strengths and weaknesses of available treatments. We have also described the application of NPs and nanocarriers (NCs) in breast cancer treatment and their capability to modulate autophagy. Then the advantages and disadvantaged of NPs in cancer therapy along with future applications will be disscussed. The purpose of this review is to provide up-to-date information on NPs used in breast cancer treatment and their impacts on autophagy pathways for researchers.
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23
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Darmon S, Lovejoy LA, Shriver CD, Zhu K, Ellsworth RE. Nondisparate Survival of Non-Hispanic Black Women With Breast Cancer Despite Less Favorable Pathology: Effect of Access to and Provision of Care Within a Military Health Care System. Health Equity 2023; 7:178-184. [PMID: 36942312 PMCID: PMC10024578 DOI: 10.1089/heq.2022.0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Breast cancer mortality rates are 40% higher in non-Hispanic Blacks (NHBs) than in non-Hispanic White (NHWs) in the United States. All women treated within the Murtha Cancer Center at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center (MCC/WRNMMC) have health insurance and are provided multidisciplinary health care. Pathological factors and outcomes of NHBs and NHWs treated within the MCC/WRNMMC were evaluated to determine whether equal-access health care reduces disparate phenotypes and survival between the racial groups. Methods Between 2001 and 2018, 368 NHB and 819 NHW women were diagnosed with breast cancer at MCC/WRNMMC. Differences between NHBs and NHWs in epidemiological and pathological characteristics were evaluated. Overall and breast cancer-specific 5- and 10-year survival rates were compared between races. Results Compared with NHWs, NHBs were significantly more likely to have a body mass index ≥30 kg/m2, to be unmarried, to have tumors of higher grade, later stage, with lymph node metastases, and to be hormone receptor negative (HR-)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (HER2+) or triple negative. After adjustment for demographic factors, NHBs remained significantly more likely to have tumors diagnosed at a higher grade and later stage, and to be HR-/HER2+ or triple negative. Neither 5- nor 10-year overall or breast cancer-specific survival differed significantly between the racial groups after adjusting for demographic and pathological variables. Discussion Despite having tumors with less favorable pathological characteristics, overall and disease-free survival disparities were not observed for NHBs treated at MCC/WRNMMC. These data suggest that survival disparities of NHBs with breast cancer can be diminished with provision of quality care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Darmon
- Murtha Cancer Center/Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Leann A. Lovejoy
- Chan Soon-Shiong Institute of Molecular Medicine at Windber, Windber, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Craig D. Shriver
- Murtha Cancer Center/Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kangmin Zhu
- Murtha Cancer Center/Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rachel E. Ellsworth
- Murtha Cancer Center/Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Address correspondence to: Rachel E. Ellsworth, PhD, Murtha Cancer Center/Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 620 Seventh Street, Windber, PA 15963, USA,
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A retrospective study in tumour characteristics and clinical outcomes of overweight and obese women with breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 198:89-101. [PMID: 36576677 PMCID: PMC9883351 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06836-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity and breast cancer are two major pathologies closely associated with increasing incidence and mortality rates, especially amongst women. The association between both diseases have been thoroughly discussed but much is still to uncover. AIM The aim of this study is to analyse tumour characteristics and clinical outcomes of overweight and obese women to disclosure potential associations and better understand the impact of obesity in breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinicopathological information of 2246 women were extracted from the institutional database of comprehensive cancer centre in Portugal diagnosed between 2012 and 2016. Women were stratified according to body mass index as normal, overweight, and obese. Patients' demographic information and tumour features (age, family history, topographic localization, laterality, histological type, and receptor status) were taken as independent variables and overall survival, tumour stage, differentiation grade and bilaterality were considered clinical outcomes. RESULTS The main results reveal that overweight and obesity are predominantly associated with worse outcomes in breast cancer patients. Obese patients present larger (p-value: 0.002; OR 1.422; 95% CI 1.134-1.783) and more poorly differentiated tumours (p-value: 0.002; OR 1.480; 95% CI 1.154-1.898) and tend to have lower overall survival although without statistical significance (p-value: 0.117; OR 1.309; 95% CI 0.934-1.833). Overweighted women are more likely to have bilateral breast cancer (p-value: 0.017; OR 3.076; 95% CI 1.225-7.722) than obese women. The results also reveal that overweight women present less distant metastasis (p-value: 0.024; OR 0.525; 95%CI 0.299-0.920). Topographic localization and laterality did not achieve statistical significance.
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25
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Xie B, Lin X, Wu K, Chen J, Qiu S, Luo J, Huang Y, Peng L. Adipose tissue levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in relation to prognostic biomarkers and progression-free survival time of breast cancer patients in eastern area of southern China: A hospital-based study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114779. [PMID: 36370816 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Evidence indicates that individual or groups of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are associated with risk of breast cancer (BC). Epidemiological studies of PBDEs and BC progression are scarce. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between PBDE burdens in adipose tissues and prognostic biomarkers of BC as well as progression-free survival (PFS) of patients for the first time. The concentrations of 14 PBDE congeners in breast adipose tissues of 183 cases from the eastern area of southern China were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by logistic regression models for the associations between PBDE levels and prognostic biomarkers. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were conducted to identify the correlations between PBDEs and PFS. The results showed that BDE-99 and 190 levels were positively associated with clinical stage and N stage respectively (OR = 2.61 [1.26-5.40], OR = 2.78 [1.04-7.46]). Concentrations of BDE-28 and BDE-183 were negatively associated with the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) (OR = 0.30 [0.11-0.81]; 0.39 [0.15-0.99]) and progesterone receptor (PR) (OR = 0.36 [0.14-0.92]; 0.37 [0.15-0.91]), and increased BDE-47 was associated with lower human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression (OR = 0.44 [0.23-0.86]). Adipose levels of BDE-71, 99, 138, 153, 154 and total PBDEs were positively associated with p53 expression (all P < 0.05). Finally, BDE-47, 99 and 183 were considered as independent prognostic factors for shorter PFS in the Cox models (adjusted hazard ratios = 3.14 [1.26-7.82]; 2.25 [1.03-4.94]; 2.60 [1.08-6.25], respectively). The recurrence risk and prognosis of BC may be closely bound to the body burdens of certain PBDE congeners. Further epidemiological and experimental studies are needed for confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingmeng Xie
- Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China; School of Public Health, Shantou University, Shantou, 515041, China.
| | - Xueqiong Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, 515041, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kusheng Wu
- School of Public Health, Shantou University, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Jiongyu Chen
- Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Shuyi Qiu
- Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China; School of Public Health, Shantou University, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Jianan Luo
- Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Yiteng Huang
- Health Care Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, PR China.
| | - Lin Peng
- Central Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
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Shen J, Yan H, Yang C, Lin H, Li F, Zhou J. Validation of a Disease-Free Survival Prediction Model Using UBE2C and Clinical Indicators in Breast Cancer Patients. BREAST CANCER (DOVE MEDICAL PRESS) 2023; 15:295-310. [PMID: 37139241 PMCID: PMC10149777 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s402109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective To explore the validation of a disease-free survival (DFS) model for predicting disease progression based on the combination of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 C (UBE2C) levels and clinical indicators in breast cancer patients. Methods We enrolled 121 patients with breast cancer, collected their baseline characteristics and follow-up data, and analyzed the UBE2C levels in tumor tissues. We studied the relationship between UBE2C expression in tumor tissues and disease progression events of patients. We used the Kaplan-Meier method for identifying the disease-free survival rate of patients, and the multivariate Cox regression analysis to study the risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients. We sought to develop and validate a model for predicting disease progression. Results We found that the level of expression of UBE2C could effectively distinguish the prognosis of patients. In the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the Area under the ROC Curve (AUC) = 0.826 (0.714-0.938) indicating that high levels of UBE2C was a high-risk factor for poor prognosis. After evaluating different models using the ROC curve, Concordance index (C-index), calibration curve, Net Reclassification Index (NRI), Integrated Discrimination Improvement Index (IDI), and other methods, we finally developed a model for the expression of Tumor-Node (TN) staging using Ki-67 and UBE2C, which had an AUC=0.870, 95% CI of 0.786-0.953. The traditional TN model had an AUC=0.717, and 95% CI of 0.581-0.853. Decision Curve Analysis (DCA) and Clinical Impact Curve (CIC) analysis indicated that the model had good clinical benefits and it was relatively simple to use. Conclusion We found that high levels of UBE2C was a high-risk factor for poor prognosis. The use of UBE2C in addition to other breast cancer-related indicators effectively predicted the possible disease progression, thus providing a reliable basis for clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huanhuan Yan
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Congying Yang
- Department of Pathology, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyue Lin
- Department of Pathology, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222002, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jun Zhou, Department of Breast surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, No. 6 Zhenhua East Road, High-Tech Square, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, 222002, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 18961326373, Email
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Gozalishvilli-Boncheva A, Gonzalez-Espinoza IR, Castro-Ponce A, Bravo-Gutiérrez OA, Juárez-Salazar G, Montes-de-Oca-Moreda RI, Aguirre-Flores E, Coyotl-Huexotl M, Orozco-Luis J, Chiquillo-Domínguez M, Garibay-Díaz JC, Aranda-Claussen JE, Ponce-de-León EA, Sánchez-Sosa S, Sabaté-Fernández M, García-Reyna JC, Cordero-Vargas C, González-Blanco MJ, Aguilar-Priego JM, Sánchez-Fernández NJ, Cortés-García CA, González-Lozada LE, Miguel-Cruz E, Ceja-Utrera FJ, Hernández-Garcia MS, Piña-Vazquez M, Aguilar-Jiménez C. Observational analysis of clinical and pathological characteristics and their prognostic impact in Mexican patients with breast cancer: A multi-center study. Breast Dis 2023; 42:305-313. [PMID: 37807773 DOI: 10.3233/bd-230025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most incidental and deadly neoplasm worldwide; in Mexico, very few epidemiologic reports have analyzed the pathological features and its impact on their clinical outcome. Here, we studied the relation between pathological features and the clinical presentation at diagnosis and their impact on the overall and progression-free survival of patients with breast cancer. For this purpose, we collected 199 clinical records of female patients, aged at least 18 years old (y/o), with breast cancer diagnosis confirmed by biopsy. We excluded patients with incomplete or conflicting clinical records. Afterward, we performed an analysis of overall and progression-free survival and associated risks. Our results showed an average age at diagnosis of 52 y/o (24-85), the most common features were: upper outer quadrant tumor (32%), invasive ductal carcinoma (76.8%), moderately differentiated (44.3%), early clinical stages (40.8%), asymptomatic patients (47.8%), luminal A subtype (47.8%). Median overall survival was not reached, but median progression-free survival was 32.2 months (29.75-34.64, CI 95%) associated risk were: clinical stage (p < 0.0001) symptomatic presentation (p = 0.009) and histologic grade (p = 0.02). Therefore, we concluded that symptom presence at diagnosis impacts progression-free survival, and palpable symptoms are related to an increased risk for mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Juan Orozco-Luis
- Centro oncológico integral Hospital Ángeles Puebla, Puebla, México
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The Value of the 8th Edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer Pathological Prognostic Staging on the Selection of Postmastectomy Radiotherapy for T1–2N1 Breast Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:7550323. [PMID: 36330354 PMCID: PMC9626208 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7550323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Methods and Materials Patients diagnosed with pT1-2N1M0 breast cancer between 2008 and 2018 in West China Hospital, Sichuan University were included. Locoregional-free survival (LRFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), disease-free survival (DFS), breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS), and overall survival (OS) were defined as endpoints. The propensity score matching (PSM), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the Kaplan-Meier analysis, and the Cox multivariable model were used for data analysis. Results We identified 1,615 patients with T1-2N1M0 breast cancer, and 44.9% (n = 744) of them were treated with PMRT. With a median follow-up of 76 months, 46 (2.8%) recurrences, 96 (5.9%) deaths, and 80 (5.0%) breast cancer-related deaths occurred. The 5-year LRFS, DMFS, DFS, BCSS, and OS were 98.6%, 95.3%, 93.7%, 96.5%, and 96.0%, respectively. PMRT could not improve 5-year LRFS, DMFS, DFS, BCSS, and OS compared with non-PMRT neither before nor after PSM in the era of contemporary systemic treatment. ROC curve showed that the 8th pathological prognostic staging had better discriminative ability compared with the 7th anatomical staging [the area under the curve (AUC) 0.653 vs. 0.546, P < 0.001]. In the anatomical staging system, PMRT had comparable 5-year BCSS in comparison with non-PMRT both in stages IIA (97.4% vs. 96.8%, P = 0.799) and IIB (95.3% vs. 97.0%, P = 0.071). When stratified according to the pathological staging, PMRT was associated with better 5-year BCSS in stage IIB (97.1% vs. 90.7%, P = 0.039), while not in stages IA, IB, IIA, and IIIA. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that PMRT was a significantly protective factor for BCSS in stage IIB (HR 0.331, 95% CI: 0.100-0.967, P = 0.044). Conclusion The new staging could better select high-risk patients with T1-2N1 breast cancer for radiotherapy compared with the 7th staging, and PMRT might be exempted except the 8th staging of IIB in the era of contemporary systemic therapy in this disease.
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Mahtani R, Niyazov A, Arondekar B, Lewis K, Rider A, Massey L, Lux MP. Real-world study of patients with germline BRCA1/2-mutated human epidermal growth factor receptor 2‒Negative advanced breast cancer: Patient demographics, treatment patterns, adverse events, and physician-reported satisfaction in the United States, Europe, and Israel. Breast 2022; 66:236-244. [PMID: 36368161 PMCID: PMC9650077 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current guidelines for the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2‒negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer (ABC) are informed by tumor characteristics and include platinum- and non-platinum-based chemotherapy, chemotherapy plus immunotherapy, endocrine monotherapy, or endocrine therapy plus a targeted therapy. In addition, poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) have recently demonstrated improved clinical and patient-reported outcomes and manageable toxicity profiles compared with chemotherapy in patients with germline breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 or 2 (gBRCA1/2)‒mutated HER2- ABC in clinical trials and are now approved to treat this patient population. This study provides complementary real-world data regarding treatment patterns, adverse events, and physician-reported treatment satisfaction in this population. METHODS This retrospective analysis using the Adelphi Real World ABC Disease Specific Programme in the United States, European Union, and Israel included patients aged ≥18 years receiving therapy for stage IIIb or IV gBRCA1/2-mutated HER2- ABC. Oncologists completed a patient record form detailing patient demographics, clinical assessments, and treatment history and a survey regarding their use of and satisfaction with treatments. RESULTS Among the 543 patients, mean age was 55 years, 25% were premenopausal, 70% had hormone receptor‒positive (HR+) ABC, and 30% had triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). PARPi were used in 5%, 11%, and 12% of first-line, second-line, and third-line therapies, respectively, for patients with HR+ ABC; for TNBC, percentages were 18%, 44%, and 36%. Across treatment lines, neutropenia, anemia, and nausea occurred in 16%, 24%, and 32% of patients receiving PARPi, respectively; 22%, 38%, and 33% of patients receiving platinum chemotherapy; and 20%, 20%, and 33% of patients receiving non-platinum-based chemotherapy. Physician satisfaction was highest with PARPi and with chemotherapy plus immunotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Findings in this real-world population complement clinical trial observations and provide further support for treatment of patients with PARPi in gBRCA1/2-mutated HER2- ABC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Mahtani
- Miami Cancer Institute, 1228 S Pine Island Road, Plantation, FL, 33324, USA,Corresponding author.
| | | | | | - Katie Lewis
- Adelphi Real World, Adelphi Mill, Grimshaw Lane, Bollington, Cheshire, SK10 5JB, UK
| | - Alex Rider
- Adelphi Real World, Adelphi Mill, Grimshaw Lane, Bollington, Cheshire, SK10 5JB, UK
| | - Lucy Massey
- Adelphi Real World, Adelphi Mill, Grimshaw Lane, Bollington, Cheshire, SK10 5JB, UK
| | - Michael Patrick Lux
- Kooperatives Brustzentrum Paderborn, Frauenklinik St. Louise, Paderborn, Frauenklinik St. Josefs, Salzkotten Husener Straße 81, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
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30
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Guan D, Jie Q, Wu Y, Xu Y, Hong W, Meng X. Real-world data on breast pathologic complete response and disease-free survival after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-negative breast cancer: a multicenter, retrospective study in China. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:326. [PMID: 36175898 PMCID: PMC9520808 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02787-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The data in the real-world setting on breast pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-negative (HR+, HER2-) breast cancer (BC) is limited. The present study aims to screen for some predictors and investigate the prognostic significance of breast pCR after NAC in HR+, HER2- BC in China. METHODS This was a multicenter, retrospective study. In this study, three hundred eighty-four HR+, HER2- BC patients who received NAC were enrolled between 2010 and 2016 from Shanghai Jiaotong University Breast Cancer Database (SJTU-BCDB). These patients were dichotomized according to the presence of breast pCR after NAC. Logistic analysis was used to screen for predictors associated with breast pCR. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curve and a propensity score matching (PSM) analysis were performed to compare the disease-free survival (DFS) between the two groups. Cox regression was used to analyze the prognostic significance of breast pCR on DFS in HR+, HER2- BC. A nomogram model was established to predict the probability of DFS at 1, 3, and 5 years after NAC. RESULTS Fifty-seven patients (14.8%) achieved breast pCR. Univariate analysis showed that tumor size, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and Ki67 were associated with breast pCR. Further, multivariate analysis showed that tumor size, PR, and Ki67 remained statistically significant. K-M curves showed a statistical difference between the breast pCR and non-pCR groups before PSM (p = 0.047), and a more significant difference was shown after PSM (p = 0.033). Cox regression after PSM suggested that breast pCR, adjuvant ET, clinical T stage, and Ki67 status were the significant predictive factors for DFS in HR+, HER2- BC patients. The adjusted hazards ratio (aHR) for breast pCR was 0.228 (95% CI, 0.070~0.739; p = 0.014), for adjuvant endocrine therapy was 0.217 (95% CI, 0.059~0.801; p = 0.022), for Ki67 was 1.027 (95% CI, 1.003~1.052; p = 0.027), for cT stages 2 and 3 compared with 1, the values were 1.331 (95% CI, 0.170~10.389), and 4.699 (95% CI, 0.537~41.142), respectively (p = 0.043). A nomogram was built based on these significant predictors, providing an integrated probability of DFS at 1, 3, and 5 years. The values of area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) were 0.967, 0.991, and 0.787, at 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years, respectively, demonstrating the ability of the nomogram to predict the DFS. CONCLUSIONS This real-world study demonstrates that tumor size, PR, and Ki67 were independent predictive factors for breast pCR in HR+, HER2- BC. Breast pCR after NAC was an independent predictor for DFS in HR+, HER2- patients, regardless of a change in nodes. Furthermore, the nomogram built in our study could predict the probability of individualized DFS in HR+, HER2- BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Guan
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Shangtang Road No. 158, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiu Jie
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yihao Wu
- Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuhao Xu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weimin Hong
- Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuli Meng
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Shangtang Road No. 158, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
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Vella F, Filetti V, Cirrincione L, Rapisarda V, Matera S, Skerjanc A, Cannizzaro E, Vitale E. Work Ability after Breast Cancer: Study of Healthcare Personnel Operating in a Hospital of South Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10835. [PMID: 36078550 PMCID: PMC9518308 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BrC) treatment can produce disabilities that often impact the quality of daily life and impact the social and working relationships of the patient. This paper looked into the remaining work ability in a group of female healthcare personnel (HCPs) with BrC in Southern Italy. Each HCP was subjected to a medical check, routine blood tests, and a questionnaire on the work ability index (WAI). Of 980 (100%) HCWs undergoing health control, 6% (n = 54) had experienced BRC, and only 66.6% (n = 36) agreed to take part in the study. A total of 28 (78%) were on night shifts. The WAI score was quite low in 5 (13.8%) cases, moderate in 10 (27.7%) cases, good in 14 (38.8%) cases, and excellent in 7 (19.5%) HCWs. Among all health figures, in nurses as well as technical staff, lower WAI scores were observed. HCWs reported various comorbidities, which affected WAI score, such as limited mobility in the upper limbs, arm/shoulder pain, numbness, and lymphoedema. The main complication that negatively affects any work activity is the morbidity in the upper limbs. This seems to affect the ability to perform tasks, and the re-entry to work is highlighted on sick leave days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Vella
- Occupational Medicine Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Veronica Filetti
- Occupational Medicine Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Luigi Cirrincione
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care “Giuseppe D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Venerando Rapisarda
- Occupational Medicine Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Serena Matera
- Occupational Medicine Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Alenka Skerjanc
- Clinical Institute for Occupational, Traffic and Sports Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Emanuele Cannizzaro
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care “Giuseppe D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Ermanno Vitale
- Occupational Medicine Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
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da Luz FAC, Araújo BJ, de Araújo RA. The current staging and classification systems of breast cancer and their pitfalls: Is it possible to integrate the complexity of this neoplasm into a unified staging system? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 178:103781. [PMID: 35953011 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death in women worldwide due to its variable aggressiveness and high propensity to develop distant metastases. The staging can be performed clinically or pathologically, generating the stage stratification by the TNM (T - tumor size; N- lymph node metastasis; M - distant organ metastasis) system. However, cancers with virtually identical TNM characteristics can present highly contrasting behaviors due to the divergence of molecular profiles. This review focuses on the histopathological nuances and molecular understanding of breast cancer through the profiling of gene and protein expression, culminating in improvements promoted by the integration of this information into the traditional staging system. As a culminating point, it will highlight predictive statistical tools for genomic risks and decision algorithms as a possible solution to integrate the various systems because they have the potential to reduce the indications for such tests, serving as a funnel in association with staging and previous classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Andrés Cordero da Luz
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Research, Uberlandia Cancer Hospital, Av Amazonas nº 1996, Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, MG 38405-302, Brazil
| | - Breno Jeha Araújo
- São Paulo State Cancer Institute of the Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 251, São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Rogério Agenor de Araújo
- Medical Faculty, Federal University of Uberlandia, Av Pará nº 1720, Bloco 2U, Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, MG 38400-902, Brazil.
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A comparison of Chinese multicenter breast cancer database and SEER database. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10395. [PMID: 35729333 PMCID: PMC9213543 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14573-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There are different characteristics of BC in developing countries and developed countries. We intended to study the factors which influence the survival and prognosis of BC between southern China and the United States. (a) To study the two groups BC patients in southern China from 2001 to 2016 and SEER database from 1975 to 2016. (b) To register, collect and analyze the clinicopathological features and treatment information. Our study found that there are significant differences in tumor size, positive lymph node status and KI-67 between southern China and SEER cohort (P < 0.000). The positive lymph node status may be one of the causes of difference of morbidity and mortality of BC patients in China. Furthermore, the differences in treatment methods may also account for the differences between China and seer databases.
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La Salvia A, Persano I, Siciliani A, Verrico M, Bassi M, Modica R, Audisio A, Zanata I, Trabalza Marinucci B, Trevisi E, Puliani G, Rinzivillo M, Parlagreco E, Baldelli R, Feola T, Sesti F, Razzore P, Mazzilli R, Mancini M, Panzuto F, Volante M, Giannetta E, Romero C, Appetecchia M, Isidori A, Venuta F, Ambrosio MR, Zatelli MC, Ibrahim M, Colao A, Brizzi MP, García-Carbonero R, Faggiano A. Prognostic significance of laterality in lung neuroendocrine tumors. Endocrine 2022; 76:733-746. [PMID: 35301675 PMCID: PMC9156515 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03015-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Well-differentiated lung neuroendocrine tumors (Lu-NET) are classified as typical (TC) and atypical (AC) carcinoids, based on mitotic counts and necrosis. However, prognostic factors, other than tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage and the histopathological diagnosis, are still lacking. The current study is aimed to identify potential prognostic factors to better stratify lung NET, thus, improving patients' treatment strategy and follow-up. METHODS A multicentric retrospective study, including 300 Lung NET, all surgically removed, from Italian and Spanish Institutions. RESULTS Median age 61 years (13-86), 37.7% were males, 25.0% were AC, 42.0% were located in the lung left parenchyma, 80.3% presented a TNM stage I-II. Mitotic count was ≥2 per 10 high-power field (HPF) in 24.7%, necrosis in 13.0%. Median overall survival (OS) was 46.1 months (0.6-323), median progression-free survival (PFS) was 36.0 months (0.3-323). Female sex correlated with a more indolent disease (T1; N0; lower Ki67; lower mitotic count and the absence of necrosis). Left-sided primary tumors were associated with higher mitotic count and necrosis. At Cox-multivariate regression model, age, left-sided tumors, nodal (N) positive status and the diagnosis of AC resulted independent negative prognostic factors for PFS and OS. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights that laterality is an independent prognostic factors in Lu-NETs, with left tumors being less frequent but showing a worse prognosis than right ones. A wider spectrum of clinical and pathological prognostic factors, including TNM stage, age and laterality is suggested. These parameters could help clinicians to personalize the management of Lu-NET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna La Salvia
- Department of Oncology, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Persano
- Department of Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Italy
| | | | - Monica Verrico
- Department of Radiological, Oncological, and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Bassi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Modica
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Isabella Zanata
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Elena Trevisi
- Department of Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Giulia Puliani
- Oncological Endocrinology Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rinzivillo
- Digestive Disease Unit, ENETS Center of Excellence, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Parlagreco
- Department of Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Roberto Baldelli
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Oncology and Medical Specialities, A.O. San Camillo-Forlanini, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Feola
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Roma, Rome, Italy
- Neuroendocrinology, Neuromed Institute, IRCCS, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Franz Sesti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Razzore
- Endocrinology Unit, Mauriziano Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Rossella Mazzilli
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, ENETS Center of Excellence, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Panzuto
- Digestive Disease Unit, ENETS Center of Excellence, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Volante
- Department of Oncology, Pathology Unit of San Luigi Hospital, University of Turin, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Giannetta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmen Romero
- Scientific Support, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Andrea Isidori
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Venuta
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Ambrosio
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Zatelli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mohsen Ibrahim
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Brizzi
- Department of Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Italy
| | | | - Antongiulio Faggiano
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, ENETS Center of Excellence, Rome, Italy.
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Evaluation of the Prognostic Value of CD56 (140 kDa Isoform) Expression in Breast Cancer Tissues: an Eight-Year Retrospective Study. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2022; 26:175-82. [PMID: 35372457 PMCID: PMC9440685 DOI: 10.52547/ibj.26.3.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Identification of specific antigens is highly beneficial for early detection, diagnosis, staging, and outcome prediction of cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the expression and prognostic value of CD56 (140 kDa isoform) in IDC. Methods: Sixty-five patients with IDC who underwent radical surgery or mastectomy as the primary treatment were included. Proper formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded tissue blocks of the patients were prepared and stained by IHC for CD56 (140 kDa isoform) molecule. Chi-square and fisher exact tests were used to compare the results against the clinicopathologic data of patients. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank test were employed to study the prognostic value of the target antigen. Results: The expression pattern of CD56 was granular and cytoplasmic. There were significant associations between the intensity of CD56 expression in invasive cells and carcinoma in situ (p = 0.005) and normal ducts (p = 0.010). Among all clinicipathologic parameters, there was only a significant association between the expression of ER and CD56 (p = 0.023). Neither OS (p = 0.356) nor DFS (p = 0.976) had significant correlation with CD56 expression. Conclusion: Our data indicated that the CD56 marker offers no prognostic value in terms of predicting the OS or DFS for up to eight years after primary surgery. Furthermore, the intensity of its expression is similar between normal, non-invasive, and invasive cells. Considering the generally better outcome of ER+ BC patients than their ER-counterparts, the CD56 marker may be indirectly associated with a more favorable prognosis among IDC patients.
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Darmon S, Park A, Lovejoy LA, Shriver CD, Zhu K, Ellsworth RE. Relationship between Cigarette Smoking and Cancer Characteristics and Survival among Breast Cancer Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:4084. [PMID: 35409765 PMCID: PMC8997894 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Carcinogenic effects of tobacco smoke may affect breast tumorigenesis. To assess whether cigarette smoking is associated with breast cancer characteristics, we investigated the relationships between smoking, pathological characteristics, and outcomes in 2153 women diagnosed with breast cancer 2001-2016. Patients were classified as never, former, or current smokers at the time of diagnosis. Logistic regression and multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis were performed to determine whether smoking was associated with tumor characteristics. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis was conducted to compare former or current smokers to never smokers in survival with adjustment for the potential confounders. The majority of women (61.8%) never smoked, followed by former smokers (26.2%) and current smokers (12.0%). After adjustment for demographic variables, body mass index, and comorbidities, tumor characteristics were not significantly associated with smoking status or pack-years smoked. Ten-year overall survival was significantly lower for former and current smokers compared to never smokers (p = 0.0105). However, breast cancer specific survival did not differ significantly between groups (p = 0.1606). Although cigarette smoking did not alter the underlying biology of breast tumors or breast cancer-specific survival, overall survival was significantly worse in smokers, highlighting the importance of smoking cessation in the recently diagnosed breast cancer patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Darmon
- Murtha Cancer Center/Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA; (S.D.); (A.P.); (C.D.S.); (K.Z.)
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Amie Park
- Murtha Cancer Center/Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA; (S.D.); (A.P.); (C.D.S.); (K.Z.)
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Leann A. Lovejoy
- Chan Soon-Shiong Institute of Molecular Medicine at Windber, Windber, PA 15963, USA;
| | - Craig D. Shriver
- Murtha Cancer Center/Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA; (S.D.); (A.P.); (C.D.S.); (K.Z.)
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
| | - Kangmin Zhu
- Murtha Cancer Center/Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA; (S.D.); (A.P.); (C.D.S.); (K.Z.)
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
- Department of Preventative Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
| | - Rachel E. Ellsworth
- Murtha Cancer Center/Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA; (S.D.); (A.P.); (C.D.S.); (K.Z.)
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
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Huang M, He J, Lai W, Liu L, Xu H, Zeng Y, Lan Q, Lin X, Chu Z. Methylated septin 9 gene is an important prognostic marker in stage II and stage III colorectal cancer for evaluating local recurrence or distant metastasis after surgery. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:87. [PMID: 35227194 PMCID: PMC8883666 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02172-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal hypermethylation of the septin 9 gene was an inchoate incident in some cancers. Though latest several researches had paid attention to its value in prognosis, the consequences were not distinctly, especially in colorectal cancer (CRC) with stage II and stage III. PURPOSE The aim of this research was to pick up the prognostic value of the methylated septin 9 gene (mSEPT9) in CRC patients, particularly in TNM stage II-III. METHODS Blood samples before surgery were obtained from 144 CRC patients, of which there were 94 with stage II and stage III. mSEPT9 was considered positive when the cycle number of the peak reaction (Ct) was lower than the threshold value (41.0) for two times during three times PCR test. mSEPT9 and other relative factors of prognosis were estimated by survival analysis. The level of septin 9 in tissues was tested by immunohistochemical (IHC). RESULTS Stage II and stage III patients with mSEPT9 positive (mSEPT9+) had a lower disease-free survival (DFS) rate than those with mSEPT9 negative (mSEPT9-) (2-year DFS rates, 52.1% vs 73.9%, P = 0.014). In multivariate regression analysis, mSEPT9 was also an independent predictor of prognosis (HR = 2.741, P = 0.009). The risk of local recurrence or distant metastasis in CRC patients after surgery was mSEPT9+ with stage III, mSEPT9- with stage III/mSEPT9+ with stage II, and mSEPT9- with stage II (P = 0.001), from highest to lowest. In addition, mSEPT9 was strongly associated with TNM staging, tumor immersion depth, distant metastasis, differentiation degree, vascular invasion and microsatellite. When we explored the associations between septin 9 protein level revealed by IHC and other elements, recurrence/progression (R = - 0.523, P = 0.001), mSEPT9 status (R = - 0.451, P = 0.004) and T stage (R = - 0.375, P = 0.017) showed significant correlations. CONCLUSIONS Positive mSEPT9 is a poor prognostic marker for CRC patients in stage II and III. It is also a powerful complement to TNM staging in predicting postoperative DFS of CRC patients of stage II and III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jiehua He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Wei Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Heyang Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yujie Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Qiusheng Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xiangan Lin
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Zhonghua Chu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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Jing L, Xie C, Li Q, Yang M, Li S, Li H, Xia F. Electrochemical Biosensors for the Analysis of Breast Cancer Biomarkers: From Design to Application. Anal Chem 2021; 94:269-296. [PMID: 34854296 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Le Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chongyu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Meiqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shaoguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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Kamali Zonouzi S, Pezeshki PS, Razi S, Rezaei N. Cancer-associated fibroblasts in colorectal cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 24:757-769. [PMID: 34839457 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02734-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of mortality among cancers. Many aspects of this cancer are under investigation to find established markers of diagnosis, prognosis, and also potential drug targets. In this review article, we are going to discuss the possible solution to all these aims by investigating the literature about cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) involved in CRC. Moreover, we are going to review their interaction with the tumor microenvironment (TME) and vitamin D and their role in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Moreover, we are going to expand more on some markers produced by them or related to them including FAP, a-SMA, CXCL12, TGF- β, POSTN, and β1-Integrin. Some signaling pathways related to CAFs are as follows: FAK, AKT, activin A, and YAP/TAZ. Some genes related to the CAFs which are found to be possible therapeutic targets include COL3A1, JAM3, AEBP1 and, CAF-derived TGFB3, WNT2, and WNT54.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kamali Zonouzi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - P S Pezeshki
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - S Razi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - N Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Dr Qarib St, Keshavarz Blvd, 14194, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Stockholm, Sweden.
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Li Y, Dong W, Zhang P, Zhang T, Ma L, Qu M, Ma X, Zhou X, He Q. Comprehensive Analysis of Regulatory Factors and Immune-Associated Patterns to Decipher Common and BRCA1/2 Mutation-Type-Specific Critical Regulation in Breast Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:750897. [PMID: 34733851 PMCID: PMC8558486 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.750897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: BRCA1/2 mutations are closely related to high lifetime risk of breast cancer (BC). The objective of this study was to identify the genes, regulators, and immune-associated patterns underlying disease pathology in BC with BRCA1/2 somatic mutations and their associations with clinical traits. Methods: RNA sequencing data and clinical information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA; N = 36 BRCA1-mutant BC; N = 49 BRCA2-mutant BC; and N = 117 BRCA1/2-wild-type BC samples) were used for discovery, which included consensus network analysis, function enrichment, and analysis of hub genes; other TCGA data (N = 117 triple-negative BC) and two Gene Expression Omnibus database expression profiles were used as validation cohorts. Results: Consensus network analysis helped to identify specific co-expressed modules that showed positive correlations with tumor stage, number of positive lymph nodes, and margin status in BRCA1/2-mutant BC but lacking correlations in BRCA1/2-wild-type BC. Functional enrichment suggested potential mechanisms in BRCA1/2 carriers that could regulate the cell cycle, immune response, cellular metabolic processes, and cell migration, via enriched pathways including p53 and JAK-STAT signaling. Consensus network analysis identified the specific and common carcinogenic mechanisms involving BRCA mutations. Regulators cross-linking these modules include E2F or IRF transcription factor family, associated with cell cycle or immune response regulation module, respectively. Eight hub genes, including ISG15, BUB1, and TTK, were upregulated in several BRCA1/2-mutant BC datasets and showed prognostic value in BC. Furthermore, their genetic expression was related to higher levels of immune infiltration in BRCA1/2-mutant BC, which manifested as recruitment of T helper cells (Th1 cells), follicular helper T cells, and regulatory T cells, and T cell exhaustion. Moreover, important indicators for evaluation of BC immunotherapy, tumor mutational burden and neoantigen load also positively correlated with expression of some hub genes. Conclusion: We constructed a BRCA1/2 mutation-type-specific co-expressed gene network with related transcription factors and immune-associated patterns that could regulate and influence tumor metastasis and immune microenvironment, providing novel insights into the pathological process of this disease and the corresponding BRCA mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengqian Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ling Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng Qu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xingcong Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qian He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Investigation of SRP9 protein expression in breast cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:531-537. [PMID: 34727289 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06910-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Signal recognition particle (SRP) promotes co-translational translocation of the proteins through or into the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and it also has elongation arrest function. SRP9 is one of the six protein subunits of SRP and functions in elongation arrest activity by forming a heterodimeric structure with SRP14. It is one of the substrates of ADAR, which has been found to have a role in breast cancer. This study was conducted to investigate the SRP9 protein expression in normal and tumor tissues of patients with breast cancer and determine its prognostic significance. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 32 female patients who were diagnosed as having primary breast cancer and underwent surgery were included in the study. Western Blotting was performed to detect SRP9 protein expression levels in normal and tumor tissue samples. Clinical and pathologic characteristics were analyzed to assess the prognostic significance. SRP9 protein expression was statistically higher in the breast cancer tissue samples compared to normal matched tissue, and the mean SRP9 protein expression levels of breast cancer tissue normal tissue samples were 1.019 ± 1.011 and 0.551 ± 0.456, respectively (p = 0.001). SRP9 protein expression levels in tumor tissue of patients with lymph node metastasis, tumor size > 2 cm, estrogen receptor-positive, progesterone receptor-positive, and HER-2 negative were statistically higher than in normal tissue (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS It is vital to clarify the roles of molecules such as SRP9 in understanding the pathogenesis of breast cancer. In our study, we showed that SRP9 expression increased in breast cancer and was associated with disease-related parameters.
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Tang W, Xu F, Zhao M, Zhang S. Ferroptosis regulators, especially SQLE, play an important role in prognosis, progression and immune environment of breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:1160. [PMID: 34715817 PMCID: PMC8555209 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08892-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferroptosis, a new form of programmed cell death, has great potential for cancer treatment. However, the roles of ferroptosis-related (FR) genes in breast cancer (BC) remain elusive. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using TCGA database, a novel FR risk signature was constructed through the Lasso regression analysis. Meanwhile, its prognostic value was assessed by a series of survival analyses. Besides, a nomogram was constructed to predict the overall survival rate (OSR) of individual at 1,3,5 year. Four validation cohorts (n = 2248), including METABRIC, GSE58812, GSE20685 and ICGC-KR datasets, were employed to test the prognostic value of FR risk signature. The effects of FR risk signature on BC immune microenvironment were explored by CIBERSORT algorithm and ssGSEA method. The histological expressions of FR risk genes were presented by HPA database. The biofunctions of SQLE were determined by qPCR, MTT, wound-healing and Transwell assays. RESULTS We constructed a novel FR risk signature consisting of eight genes. High FR risk led a poor prognosis and was identified as an independent prognostic factor. Besides, A higher proportion of patients with luminal A type was observed in low-risk group (53%), while a higher proportion of patients with basal type in high-risk group (24%). FR risk score could discriminate the prognostic difference of most clinical subgroups, except for M1 stage, HER2 and basal types. Moreover, its prognostic value was successfully validated in other four cohorts. Through immune analyses, we found that the reduced infiltration levels of CD8+ and NK cells, whereas the enhanced activity of antigen presentation process appeared in high FR risk. Then, FR risk score was found to weakly correlate with the expressions of six immune checkpoints. Through the experiments in vitro, we confirmed that overexpression of SQLE could promote, whereas blocking SQLE could inhibit the proliferative, migrative and invasive abilities of BC cells. CONCLUSIONS FR risk signature was conducive to BC prognostic assessment. High FR risk level was closely associated with BC immunosuppression, but may not predict ICIs efficacy. Moreover, SQLE was identified as a crucial cancer-promoting gene in BC. Our findings provide new insights into prognostic assessment and molecular mechanism of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Tang
- Department of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157, West Five Road, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fangshi Xu
- Department of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157, West Five Road, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, China.
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Farré PL, Duca RB, Massillo C, Dalton GN, Graña KD, Gardner K, Lacunza E, De Siervi A. MiR-106b-5p: A Master Regulator of Potential Biomarkers for Breast Cancer Aggressiveness and Prognosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011135. [PMID: 34681793 PMCID: PMC8539154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BCa) is the leading cause of death by cancer in women worldwide. This disease is mainly stratified in four subtypes according to the presence of specific receptors, which is important for BCa aggressiveness, progression and prognosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that have the capability to modulate several genes. Our aim was to identify a miRNA signature deregulated in preclinical and clinical BCa models for potential biomarker discovery that would be useful for BCa diagnosis and/or prognosis. We identified hsa-miR-21-5p and miR-106b-5p as up-regulated and hsa-miR-205-5p and miR-143-3p as down-regulated in BCa compared to normal breast or normal adjacent (NAT) tissues. We established 51 shared target genes between hsa-miR-21-5p and miR-106b-5p, which negatively correlated with the miRNA expression. Furthermore, we assessed the pathways in which these genes were involved and selected 12 that were associated with cancer and metabolism. Additionally, GAB1, GNG12, HBP1, MEF2A, PAFAH1B1, PPP1R3B, RPS6KA3 and SESN1 were downregulated in BCa compared to NAT. Interestingly, hsa-miR-106b-5p was up-regulated, while GAB1, GNG12, HBP1 and SESN1 were downregulated in aggressive subtypes. Finally, patients with high levels of hsa-miR-106b-5 and low levels of the abovementioned genes had worse relapse free survival and worse overall survival, except for GAB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Lucía Farré
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Nuevos Blancos Terapéuticos, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina; (P.L.F.); (R.B.D.); (C.M.); (G.N.D.); (K.D.G.)
| | - Rocío Belén Duca
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Nuevos Blancos Terapéuticos, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina; (P.L.F.); (R.B.D.); (C.M.); (G.N.D.); (K.D.G.)
| | - Cintia Massillo
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Nuevos Blancos Terapéuticos, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina; (P.L.F.); (R.B.D.); (C.M.); (G.N.D.); (K.D.G.)
| | - Guillermo Nicolás Dalton
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Nuevos Blancos Terapéuticos, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina; (P.L.F.); (R.B.D.); (C.M.); (G.N.D.); (K.D.G.)
| | - Karen Daniela Graña
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Nuevos Blancos Terapéuticos, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina; (P.L.F.); (R.B.D.); (C.M.); (G.N.D.); (K.D.G.)
| | - Kevin Gardner
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Ezequiel Lacunza
- Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas (CINIBA), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires B1900, Argentina;
| | - Adriana De Siervi
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular y Nuevos Blancos Terapéuticos, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), CONICET, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina; (P.L.F.); (R.B.D.); (C.M.); (G.N.D.); (K.D.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +54-11-4783-2869 (ext. 1206)
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Vitiello GAF, Amarante MK, Crespigio J, Banin Hirata BK, de Sousa Pereira N, de Oliveira KB, Guembarovski RL, Watanabe MAE. TGFβ1 pathway components in breast cancer tissue from aggressive subtypes correlate with better prognostic parameters in ER-positive and p53-negative cancers. SURGICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s42047-021-00097-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
TGFβ signaling exerts context-specific effects in breast cancer (BC) pathogenesis and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TGFβ-signaling components play a role in the genetic control of their expression and in BC susceptibility and clinical presentation. However, studies investigating the association between the TGFβ-signaling molecules and BC prognosis rarely considered disease subtypes and SNPs. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the expression of TGFβ-signaling components in BC tissue from patients with available data regarding TGFB1 and TGFBR2 SNPs and plasmatic TGFβ1 levels.
Methods
Immunostaining for TGFβ1, TGFβRII and phosphorylated (p)-SMAD2/3 was investigated in primary tumor tissue from 34 patients with luminal-B-HER2+ (LB-HER2), HER2-enriched (HER2) and triple negative (TN) BC subtypes genotyped for TGFB1 (rs1800468, rs1800469, rs1800470 and rs1800471) and TGFBR2 (rs3087465) SNPs.
Results
Strong positive correlations were observed between TGFβ1, TGFβRII and p-SMAD2/3 in tumor tissue, and an inverse correlation was observed between intratumor and plasmatic TGFβ1 levels in TN BCs. In LB-HER2+ tumors, p-SMAD2/3 was associated with older age at diagnosis and inversely correlated with p53 staining and lymph-node metastasis, while tumor-size negatively correlated with TGFβ1 and TGFβRII in this BC subgroup. Also, in p53-negative BCs, tumor size and Ki67 negatively correlated with both TGFβ1, TGFβRII and p-SMAD2/3. No correlation was found between SNPs and TGFβ1-signaling components expression.
Conclusion
TGFβ1 canonical signaling is activated in approximately half of BCs, and correlation between TGFβ components indicate a paracrine activation, which may exert tumor suppressor effects in p53-negative or Luminal-B-HER2+ subgroups.
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Kantor O, Wang ML, Bertrand K, Pierce L, Freedman RA, Chavez-MacGregor M, King TA, Mittendorf EA. Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities in Breast Cancer Outcomes within the AJCC Pathologic Prognostic Staging System. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 29:686-696. [PMID: 34331158 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-10527-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-Hispanic black (NHB) women and those of lower socioeconomic status (SES) have inferior breast cancer outcomes compared with non-Hispanic white (NHW) women and those of higher SES. We examined racial and SES disparities in breast cancer survival within the AJCC 8th edition pathologic prognostic staging system. METHODS Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program, we identified patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer from 2010 to 2015, with follow-up through 2016. Census tract-level SES (cSES) data were available as a composite index and analyzed in quintiles. Cox proportional-hazards survival analyses adjusted for age, race, cSES, insurance, marital status, histology, pathologic prognostic stage, and treatment were used to estimate disease-specific survival (DSS). RESULTS A total of 259,852 patients were included: 176,369 (67.9%) NHW; 28,510 (11.0%) NHB; 29,737 (11.4%) Hispanic; and 22,887 (8.8%) Asian. NHB race and lower cSES were associated with increased incidence of triple-negative disease compared with NHW (p < 0.01). NHB race, lower cSES, public insurance, lower education, and increased poverty were associated with lower DSS. Survival analyses adjusting for cSES, tumor, and treatment characteristics demonstrated that NHB patients had inferior DSS within each AJCC pathologic prognostic stage (hazard ratio [HR] 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20-1.30) compared with NHW patients. Fully adjusted models also showed patients residing in lower SES counties had inferior DSS. CONCLUSIONS Racial and cSES disparities in breast cancer-specific mortality were evident across all stages, even within the pathologic prognostic staging system which incorporates tumor biology. Future efforts should assess the biological, behavioral, social, and environmental determinants that underlie racial and SES inequities in outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Kantor
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Monica L Wang
- Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly Bertrand
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lori Pierce
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rachel A Freedman
- Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mariana Chavez-MacGregor
- Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tari A King
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Mittendorf
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. .,Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA. .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Cytoplasmic Localization of RXRα Determines Outcome in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153756. [PMID: 34359656 PMCID: PMC8345077 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Considering the immense development of today’s therapeutic approaches in oncology towards customized therapy, this study aimed to assess the prognostic value of nuclear versus cytoplasmic retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) expression in breast cancer. Our results demonstrate that RXRα expression may have different roles in tumorigenesis according to its subcellular localization. This study strengthens the need for further research on the behavior of RXRα, depending on its intracellular localization. Abstract The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the prognostic value of cytoplasmic versus nuclear RXRα expression in breast cancer (BC) tissue samples and to correlate the results with clinicopathological parameters. In 319 BC patients, the expression of RXRα was evaluated via immunohistochemistry. Prognosis-determining aspects were calculated through uni- and multivariate analyses. Correlation analysis revealed a trend association with nuclear RXRα expression regarding an improved overall survival (OS) (p = 0.078), whereas cytoplasmic RXRα expression was significantly correlated with a poor outcomes in terms of both OS (p = 0.038) and disease-free survival (DFS) (p = 0.037). Strengthening these results, cytoplasmic RXRα was found to be an independent marker for DFS (p = 0.023), when adjusted to clinicopathological parameters, whereas nuclear RXRα expression was positively associated with lower TNM-staging, i.e., pT (p = 0.01), pN (p = 0.029) and pM (p = 0.001). Additionally, cytoplasmic RXRα expression was positively associated with a higher histopathological tumor grading (p = 0.02). Cytoplasmic RXRα was also found to be a negative prognosticator for Her-2neu-negative and triple-negative patients. Altogether, these findings support the hypothesis that the subcellular localization of RXRα plays an important role in carcinogenesis and the prognosis of BC. The expression of cytoplasmic RXRα is correlated with a more aggressive course of the disease, whereas nuclear RXRα expression appears to be a protective factor. These data may help to identify high-risk BC subgroups in order to find possible specific options in targeted tumor therapy.
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Is image-guided core needle biopsy of borderline axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer patients clinically helpful? Am J Surg 2021; 223:101-105. [PMID: 34311951 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2021.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND When borderline axillary lymph nodes (bALN) are identified on ultrasound (US) for breast cancer (BC) patients, preoperative management is unclear. We aimed to evaluate if core needle biopsy (CNB) for bALN is clinically helpful or disruptive. METHODS Retrospective review of BC patients with bALN from 2014 to 2019 was performed. Clinicopathologic data were compared for those who did and did not have CNB. RESULTS CNB (n = 34) and no CNB (n = 31) were similar with respect to clinicopathologic factors. Surgical LN-positive rate was the same between cohorts (p = 0.26). CNB was disruptive in 58.8 %; all had CNB for pN0 disease. CNB was helpful in 34.2 %: 14.7 % proceeded directly to axillary dissection; 17.6 % had positive LN localized after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS CNB for bALN is more likely clinically disruptive and did not impact surgical LN positive rate. BC patients with bALN should undergo CNB only if it will change clinical management.
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Health-Related Quality of Life Among Patients With HR+/HER2- Early Breast Cancer. Clin Ther 2021; 43:1228-1244.e4. [PMID: 34256965 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2021.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The goal of this study was to characterize health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among patients diagnosed with early-stage, hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (HER2-) breast cancer. METHODS A multinational (United States, Japan, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and United Kingdom) study of patients diagnosed with stage I to III HR+/HER2- breast cancer, either receiving adjuvant treatment or under postadjuvant surveillance, was conducted between June and October 2019. Patients were identified by their consulting physician and invited to complete the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B) and the EQ-5D-5L pen and paper questionnaires. EQ-5D-5L index scores were derived by using available country-specific health state value sets, where available, and numerically compared with general population scores derived from published normative and population data. Descriptive summary statistics were reported for FACT-B, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) (total and specific subscales), the EQ-5D index scores, and the EQ-VAS scores for each country. Results were stratified according to disease-free treatment status (active adjuvant treatment or postadjuvant surveillance), age (25-44, 45-54, 55-64, or ≥65 years), stage (I, II, or III), and menopausal status at the time of questionnaire completion (pre-/peri-menopausal or postmenopausal). FINDINGS Overall, 1110 patients completed the HRQOL questionnaires (mean age, 59 years; 79% active adjuvant treatment, and 21% under surveillance postadjuvant treatment at time of questionnaire administration; 31% stage I, 48% stage II, and 20% stage III at diagnosis). Of these, 1102 completed the FACT-B and 1083 completed the EQ-5D-5L questionnaires. The mean (SD) FACT-B total score was 99.0 (21.9). The mean FACT-G total score was 72.5 (17.8), which was comparable to the published normative score. The mean EQ-5D index and EQ-VAS scores for each country were similar to corresponding population means; EQ-5D index scores ranged from 0.842 (0.098) in Japan to 0.916 (0.109) in France, and EQ-VAS scores from 68.0 (18.4) in Germany to 78.6 (16.4) in the United States. In addition, mean scores were comparable between the active adjuvant treatment and postadjuvant surveillance groups for the FACT-B total (99.4 [22.5] and 97.7 [19.7], respectively), FACT-G total (72.8 [18.3] and 71.3 [16.0]), EQ-5D index score (0.868 [0.135] and 0.869 [0.142]), and EQ-VAS (74.9 [17.2] and 74.4 [16.1]). IMPLICATIONS Patient-reported HRQOL among patients with HR+/HER2- early breast cancer who were disease-free was high, with reported scores comparable to normative scores. These results improve our understanding of HRQOL among patients with early disease and may facilitate future studies examining the potential impact of adjuvant treatment and disease recurrence, including metastasis.
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Savino A, De Marzo N, Provero P, Poli V. Meta-Analysis of Microdissected Breast Tumors Reveals Genes Regulated in the Stroma but Hidden in Bulk Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3371. [PMID: 34282769 PMCID: PMC8268805 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcriptome data provide a valuable resource for the study of cancer molecular mechanisms, but technical biases, sample heterogeneity, and small sample sizes result in poorly reproducible lists of regulated genes. Additionally, the presence of multiple cellular components contributing to cancer development complicates the interpretation of bulk transcriptomic profiles. To address these issues, we collected 48 microarray datasets derived from laser capture microdissected stroma or epithelium in breast tumors and performed a meta-analysis identifying robust lists of differentially expressed genes. This was used to create a database with carefully harmonized metadata that we make freely available to the research community. As predicted, combining the results of multiple datasets improved statistical power. Moreover, the separate analysis of stroma and epithelium allowed the identification of genes with different contributions in each compartment, which would not be detected by bulk analysis due to their distinct regulation in the two compartments. Our method can be profitably used to help in the discovery of biomarkers and the identification of functionally relevant genes in both the stroma and the epithelium. This database was made to be readily accessible through a user-friendly web interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Savino
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Niccolò De Marzo
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Paolo Provero
- Department of Neurosciences “Rita Levi Montalcini”, University of Turin, Corso Massimo D’Azeglio 52, 10126 Turin, Italy;
- Center for Omics Sciences, Ospedale San Raffaele IRCCS, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Poli
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy;
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Myers SP, Ahrendt GM, Lee JS, Steiman JG, Soran A, Johnson RR, McAuliffe PF, Diego EJ. Association of Tumor Molecular Subtype and Stage with Breast and Axillary Pathologic Complete Response After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:8636-8642. [PMID: 34142288 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-10195-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Axillary pathologic complete response (pCR) confers higher overall and recurrence-free survival than residual axillary disease. Although breast pCR (ypT0) is associated with a pathologically negative axilla (ypN0) in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), how clinical T (cT) and N (cN) staging are associated with ypN0 in other tumor subtypes is incompletely understood. METHODS A single-institution cancer registry was retrospectively reviewed for patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by surgery from 2010 to 2018. Fisher's exact tests compared proportion of breast and axillary pCR by tumor subtype (hormone receptor [HR]-positive /HER2-,HR+/HER2+,HR-/HER2+,HR-/HER2-). Logistic regression determined factors associated with ypN0. Sensitivity analyses determined how cN status affected ypN status by tumor subtype. RESULTS The study enrolled 1348 patients. The median age was 54 years (interquartile range [IQR], 44-63 years), and 55% of the patients (n = 736) were postmenopausal. The tumor subtypes were HR+/HER2- (12%, n = 155), HR+/HER2+ (48%, n = 653), HR-/HER2+ (25%, n = 343), and TNBC (15%, n = 197). In the study, cT included T0 (1%, n = 18), T1 (20%, n = 272), T2 (53%, n = 713), T3 (17%, n = 230), and T4 (9%, n = 111), and cN included cN0 (51%, n = 687), cN1 (41%, n = 549), cN2 (5%, n = 61), and cN3 (3%, n = 43). Breast pCR and ypN0 occurred most in the HER2+ and TNBC subtypes. A negative association was found between ypN0 and age at diagnosis (odds ratio [OR], 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.97-0.99; p < 0.001), cT4 stage (OR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.09-0.91; p = 0.034), and HR+ subtypes (HR+/HER2-: OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.31-0.94; p = 0.028; HR+/HER2+: OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.39-0.93; p = 0.024). The HR-/HER2+ subtype was associated with ypN0 (OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.05-2.73; p = 0.030), and cN2/cN3 was negatively associated with ypN0 in HR+/HER2+ disease (OR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.11-0.61; p = 0.002), HR-/HER2+ disease (OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.22-0.77; p = 0.005), and TNBC (OR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.03-0.40; p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Tumor subtype, clinical stage, and age at diagnosis may be important in consideration of de-escalation of axillary staging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara P Myers
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Gillian M Ahrendt
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Joanna S Lee
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh College of Medicine, Magee Women's Hospital of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer G Steiman
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh College of Medicine, Magee Women's Hospital of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Atilla Soran
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh College of Medicine, Magee Women's Hospital of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ronald R Johnson
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh College of Medicine, Magee Women's Hospital of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Priscilla F McAuliffe
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh College of Medicine, Magee Women's Hospital of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Emilia J Diego
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh College of Medicine, Magee Women's Hospital of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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