1
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Ibacache-Chía AP, Sierralta JA, Schüller A. The Inhibitory Effects of the Natural Stilbene Piceatannol on Lactate Transport In Vitro Mediated by Monocarboxylate Transporters. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024:e2400414. [PMID: 39344244 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202400414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Lactate, a signaling molecule and energy source, crosses membranes through monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). MCT1 and MCT4 are potential cancer drug targets due to their role in metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells. Stilbenes, plant secondary metabolites found in several food sources, have anticancer effects, though their mechanisms of action are not well understood. This study links the anticancer activity of natural stilbenes to tumor cell lactate metabolism. METHODS AND RESULTS The impact of resveratrol, pinostilbene, pterostilbene, rhapontigenin, and piceatannol on lactate transport is studied using a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based lactate sensor. The viability and migration of cells expressing MCT1 or MCT4 are also evaluated. Piceatannol inhibits MCT1 effectively at low micromolar concentrations, with less effect on MCT4. All stilbenes significantly reduce cell viability and migration. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that both MCTs are stilbene targets, with piceatannol highlighted as a cost-effective, low-toxicity compound for studying MCTs in cancer, providing a new mechanism of action of the therapeutic and nutraceutical effects of natural polyphenols. This enriches the understanding of dietary polyphenols in cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés P Ibacache-Chía
- School of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins 340, Santiago, 8331150, Chile
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Independencia, 8380000, Chile
- Institute of Biomedical Neurosciences (BNI), School of Medicine, University of Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Independencia, 8380000, Chile
| | - Jimena A Sierralta
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Independencia, 8380000, Chile
- Institute of Biomedical Neurosciences (BNI), School of Medicine, University of Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Independencia, 8380000, Chile
| | - Andreas Schüller
- School of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins 340, Santiago, 8331150, Chile
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, 7820244, Chile
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2
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ZHANG Q, CAO L, XU K. [Role and Mechanism of Lactylation in Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2024; 27:471-479. [PMID: 39026499 PMCID: PMC11258650 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2024.102.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Post translational modifications (PTMs) can change the properties of a protein by covalent addition of functional groups to one or more amino acids, and influence almost all aspects of normal cell biology and pathogenesis. Lactylation is a novel identified PTM, and has been found in both histone and non-histone proteins. Since associated with the end product of glycolysis-- lactate, lactylation modification could provide a new perspective for understanding the relationship between metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic modifications. Accumulated evidences suggest that lactylation play important roles in tumor progression and links to poor prognosis in clinical studies. Histone lactylation can affect gene expression in tumor cells and immunological cells, further promoting tumor progression and immune suppression. Lactylation on non-histone proteins can also regulate tumor progression and drug resistance. In this review, we aimed to summarize the roles of lactylation in cancer progression, microenvironment interactions and immune suppression, try to identify new molecular targets for cancer therapy and provide a new direction for combined targeted therapy and immunotherapy.
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3
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Denker N, Dringen R. Modulation of Pyruvate Export and Extracellular Pyruvate Concentration in Primary Astrocyte Cultures. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1331-1346. [PMID: 38376749 PMCID: PMC10991036 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04120-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Astrocyte-derived pyruvate is considered to have neuroprotective functions. In order to investigate the processes that are involved in astrocytic pyruvate release, we used primary rat astrocyte cultures as model system. Depending on the incubation conditions and medium composition, astrocyte cultures established extracellular steady state pyruvate concentrations in the range between 150 µM and 300 µM. During incubations for up to 2 weeks in DMEM culture medium, the extracellular pyruvate concentration remained almost constant for days, while the extracellular lactate concentration increased continuously during the incubation into the millimolar concentration range as long as glucose was present. In an amino acid-free incubation buffer, glucose-fed astrocytes released pyruvate with an initial rate of around 60 nmol/(h × mg) and after around 5 h an almost constant extracellular pyruvate concentration was established that was maintained for several hours. Extracellular pyruvate accumulation was also observed, if glucose had been replaced by mannose, fructose, lactate or alanine. Glucose-fed astrocyte cultures established similar extracellular steady state concentrations of pyruvate by releasing pyruvate into pyruvate-free media or by consuming excess of extracellular pyruvate. Inhibition of the monocarboxylate transporter MCT1 by AR-C155858 lowered extracellular pyruvate accumulation, while inhibition of mitochondrial pyruvate uptake by UK5099 increased the extracellular pyruvate concentration. Finally, the presence of the uncoupler BAM15 or of the respiratory chain inhibitor antimycin A almost completely abolished extracellular pyruvate accumulation. The data presented demonstrate that cultured astrocytes establish a transient extracellular steady state concentration of pyruvate which is strongly affected by modulation of the mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Denker
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty 2 (Biology/Chemistry) and Centre for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technologies, University of Bremen, P.O. Box 330440, 28334, Bremen, Germany
| | - Ralf Dringen
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty 2 (Biology/Chemistry) and Centre for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technologies, University of Bremen, P.O. Box 330440, 28334, Bremen, Germany.
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4
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Gan Z, Zhao M, Xia Y, Yan Y, Ren W. Carbon metabolism in the regulation of macrophage functions. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024; 35:62-73. [PMID: 37778898 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon metabolism, including one-carbon (1C) metabolism and central carbon metabolism (CCM), provides energy for the cell and generates metabolites with signaling activities. The regulation of macrophage polarization involves complex signals and includes an epigenetic level. Epigenetic modifications through changes in carbon metabolism allow macrophages to respond in a timely manner to their environment and adapt to metabolic demands during macrophage polarization. Here we summarize the current understanding of the crosstalk between carbon metabolism and epigenetic modifications in macrophages under physiological conditions and in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and provide targets and further directions for macrophage-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhending Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Muyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaoyao Xia
- Laboratory for Bio-feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuqi Yan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenkai Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, China.
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5
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Li Z, Cui J. Targeting the lactic acid metabolic pathway for antitumor therapy. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2023; 31:100740. [PMID: 38033399 PMCID: PMC10682057 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2023.100740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid is one of the most abundant products of cellular metabolism and has historically been considered a cell-damaging metabolic product. However, as research has deepened, the beneficial effects of lactic acid on tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment have received increasing attention from the oncology community. Lactic acid can not only provide tumor cells with energy but also act as a messenger molecule that promotes tumor growth and progression and protects tumor cells from immune cells and killing by radiation and chemotherapy. Thus, the inhibition of tumor cell lactic acid metabolism has emerged as a novel antitumor treatment strategy that can also effectively enhance the efficacy of conventional antitumor therapies. In this review, we classify the currently available therapies targeting lactic acid metabolism and examine their prospects for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Li
- Cancer Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jiuwei Cui
- Cancer Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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6
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Manisha DS, Ratheesh AK, Benny S, Presanna AT. Heterocyclic and non-heterocyclic arena of monocarboxylate transporter inhibitors to battle tumorigenesis. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:1604-1617. [PMID: 37688395 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) have gained significant attention in cancer research due to their critical role in tumour metabolism. MCTs are legends for transporting lactate molecules in cancer cells, an oncometabolite and waste product of glycolysis, acting as an indispensable factor of tumour proliferation. Targeting MCTs with inhibitors has emerged as a promising strategy to combat tumorigenesis. This article summarizes the most recent research on MCT inhibitors in preventing carcinogenesis, covering both heterocyclic and non-heterocyclic compounds. Heterocyclic and non-heterocyclic compounds such as pteridine, pyrazole, indole, flavonoids, coumarin derivatives and cyanoacetic acid derivatives have been reported as potent MCT inhibitors. We examine the molecular underpinnings of MCTs in cancer metabolism, the design and synthesis of heterocyclic and non-heterocyclic MCT inhibitors, their impact on tumour cells and the microenvironment and their potential as therapeutic agents. Moreover, we explore the challenges associated with MCT inhibitor development and propose future directions for advancing this field. This write-up aims to provide researchers, scientists and clinicians with a comprehensive understanding of the heterocyclic and non-heterocyclic MCT inhibitors and their potential in combating tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepthi S Manisha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Anandu Kizhakkedath Ratheesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Sonu Benny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Aneesh Thankappan Presanna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, Kerala, India
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7
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Borde S, Matosevic S. Metabolic adaptation of NK cell activity and behavior in tumors: challenges and therapeutic opportunities. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2023; 44:832-848. [PMID: 37770314 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
The adaptation of natural killer (NK) cells to conditions in the microenvironment of tumors is deeply affected by their metabolic activity, itself a result of nutrient availability and the metabolism of the cancer cells themselves. Elevated rates of glycolysis and lipid metabolism in cancers not only lead to the accumulation of immunosuppressive byproducts but also contribute to an environment of elevated concentrations of extracellular metabolites. This results in altered NK cell bioenergetics through changes in transcriptional and translational profiles, ultimately affecting their pharmacology and impairing NK cell responses. However, understanding the metabolic processes that drive alterations in immunological signaling on NK cells remains both difficult and vastly underexplored. We discuss the varied and complex drivers of NK cell metabolism in homeostasis and the tumor microenvironment (TME), challenges associated with their targetability, and unexplored therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shambhavi Borde
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Sandro Matosevic
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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8
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Alonso-Carrillo D, Arias-Betancur A, Carreira-Barral I, Fontova P, Soto-Cerrato V, García-Valverde M, Pérez-Tomás R, Quesada R. Small molecule anion carriers facilitate lactate transport in model liposomes and cells. iScience 2023; 26:107898. [PMID: 37790273 PMCID: PMC10543179 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
An excessive production of lactate by cancer cells fosters tumor growth and metastasis. Therefore, targeting lactate metabolism and transport offers a new therapeutic strategy against cancer, based on dependency of some cancer cells for lactate as energy fuel or as oncogenic signal. Herein we present a family of anionophores based on the structure of click-tambjamines that have proved to be extremely active lactate carriers across phospholipid membranes. Compound 1, the most potent lactate transmembrane carrier, was studied in HeLa cells. The use of a monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) inhibitor proved that 1 is an active lactate transporter in living cells, confirming the results obtained in phospholipid vesicles. Moreover, an additive effect of compound 1 with cisplatin was observed in HeLa cells. Identification of active lactate anionophores working in living cells opens up ways to exploit this class of compounds as molecular tools and drugs addressing dysregulated lactate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Alonso-Carrillo
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Alain Arias-Betancur
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Spain
- Molecular Signalling, Oncobell Program, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Spain
- Department of Integral Adult Dentistry, Dental School, Research Centre for Dental Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Israel Carreira-Barral
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Pere Fontova
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Vanessa Soto-Cerrato
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Spain
- Molecular Signalling, Oncobell Program, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Spain
| | - María García-Valverde
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Ricardo Pérez-Tomás
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Spain
- Molecular Signalling, Oncobell Program, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Spain
| | - Roberto Quesada
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
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9
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Zhao M, Huang C, Yang L, Pan B, Yang S, Chang J, Jin Y, Zhao G, Yue D, Qie S, Ren L. SYVN1-mediated ubiquitylation directs localization of MCT4 in the plasma membrane to promote the progression of lung adenocarcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:666. [PMID: 37816756 PMCID: PMC10564934 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06208-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Tumour cells mainly generate energy from glycolysis, which is commonly coupled with lactate production even under normoxic conditions. As a critical lactate transporter, monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) is highly expressed in glycolytic tissues, such as muscles and tumours. Overexpression of MCT4 is associated with poor prognosis for patients with various tumours. However, how MCT4 function is post-translationally regulated remains largely unknown. Taking advantage of human lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells, this study revealed that MCT4 can be polyubiquitylated in a nonproteolytic manner by SYVN1 E3 ubiquitin ligase. The polyubiquitylation facilitates the localization of MCT4 into the plasma membrane, which improves lactate export by MCT4; in accordance, metabolism characterized by reduced glycolysis and lactate production is effectively reprogrammed by SYVN1 knockdown, which can be reversed by MCT4 overexpression. Biologically, SYVN1 knockdown successfully compromises cell proliferation and tumour xenograft growth in mouse models that can be partially rescued by overexpression of MCT4. Clinicopathologically, overexpression of SYVN1 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with LUAD, highlighting the importance of the SYVN1-MCT4 axis, which performs metabolic reprogramming during the progression of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Lexin Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Boyu Pan
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuting Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dongsheng Yue
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuo Qie
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Ren
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Tianjin), Tianjin, China.
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
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10
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Lopez E, Karattil R, Nannini F, Weng-Kit Cheung G, Denzler L, Galvez-Cancino F, Quezada S, Pule MA. Inhibition of lactate transport by MCT-1 blockade improves chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy against B-cell malignancies. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e006287. [PMID: 37399358 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-006287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have shown remarkable results against B-cell malignancies, but only a minority of patients have long-term remission. The metabolic requirements of both tumor cells and activated T cells result in production of lactate. The export of lactate is facilitated by expression of monocarboxylate transporter (MCTs). CAR T cells express high levels of MCT-1 and MCT-4 on activation, while certain tumors predominantly express MCT-1. METHODS Here, we studied the combination of CD19-specific CAR T-cell therapy with pharmacological blockade of MCT-1 against B-cell lymphoma. RESULTS MCT-1 inhibition with small molecules AZD3965 or AR-C155858 induced CAR T-cell metabolic rewiring but their effector function and phenotype remained unchanged, suggesting CAR T cells are insensitive to MCT-1 inhibition. Moreover, improved cytotoxicity in vitro and antitumoral control on mouse models was found with the combination of CAR T cells and MCT-1 blockade. CONCLUSION This work highlights the potential of selective targeting of lactate metabolism via MCT-1 in combination with CAR T cells therapies against B-cell malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Lopez
- Haematology Department, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rajesh Karattil
- Haematology Department, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Francesco Nannini
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Lilian Denzler
- Division of Biosciences, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Sergio Quezada
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Martin A Pule
- Haematology Department, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
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11
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Nong S, Han X, Xiang Y, Qian Y, Wei Y, Zhang T, Tian K, Shen K, Yang J, Ma X. Metabolic reprogramming in cancer: Mechanisms and therapeutics. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e218. [PMID: 36994237 PMCID: PMC10041388 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells characterized by uncontrolled growth and proliferation require altered metabolic processes to maintain this characteristic. Metabolic reprogramming is a process mediated by various factors, including oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, changes in growth factors, and tumor-host cell interactions, which help to meet the needs of cancer cell anabolism and promote tumor development. Metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells is dynamically variable, depending on the tumor type and microenvironment, and reprogramming involves multiple metabolic pathways. These metabolic pathways have complex mechanisms and involve the coordination of various signaling molecules, proteins, and enzymes, which increases the resistance of tumor cells to traditional antitumor therapies. With the development of cancer therapies, metabolic reprogramming has been recognized as a new therapeutic target for metabolic changes in tumor cells. Therefore, understanding how multiple metabolic pathways in cancer cells change can provide a reference for the development of new therapies for tumor treatment. Here, we systemically reviewed the metabolic changes and their alteration factors, together with the current tumor regulation treatments and other possible treatments that are still under investigation. Continuous efforts are needed to further explore the mechanism of cancer metabolism reprogramming and corresponding metabolic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Nong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologyWest China School of StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Xiaoyue Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologyWest China School of StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Yu Xiang
- Department of BiotherapyCancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Yuran Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologyWest China School of StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Yuhao Wei
- Department of Clinical MedicineWest China School of MedicineWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Tingyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologyWest China School of StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Keyue Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologyWest China School of StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Kai Shen
- Department of OncologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Xuelei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologyWest China School of StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Department of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyCancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
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12
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How Warburg-Associated Lactic Acidosis Rewires Cancer Cell Energy Metabolism to Resist Glucose Deprivation. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051417. [PMID: 36900208 PMCID: PMC10000466 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic acidosis, a hallmark of solid tumour microenvironment, originates from lactate hyperproduction and its co-secretion with protons by cancer cells displaying the Warburg effect. Long considered a side effect of cancer metabolism, lactic acidosis is now known to play a major role in tumour physiology, aggressiveness and treatment efficiency. Growing evidence shows that it promotes cancer cell resistance to glucose deprivation, a common feature of tumours. Here we review the current understanding of how extracellular lactate and acidosis, acting as a combination of enzymatic inhibitors, signal, and nutrient, switch cancer cell metabolism from the Warburg effect to an oxidative metabolic phenotype, which allows cancer cells to withstand glucose deprivation, and makes lactic acidosis a promising anticancer target. We also discuss how the evidence about lactic acidosis' effect could be integrated in the understanding of the whole-tumour metabolism and what perspectives it opens up for future research.
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Chen J, Zhu Y, Wu C, Shi J. Engineering lactate-modulating nanomedicines for cancer therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:973-1000. [PMID: 36597879 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00479h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Lactate in tumors has long been considered "metabolic junk" derived from the glycolysis of cancer cells and utilized only as a biomarker of malignancy, but is presently believed to be a pivotal regulator of tumor development, maintenance and metastasis. Indeed, tumor lactate can be a "fuel" for energy supply and functions as a signaling molecule, which actively contributes to tumor progression, angiogenesis, immunosuppression, therapeutic resistance, etc., thus providing promising opportunities for cancer treatment. However, the current approaches for regulating lactate homeostasis with available agents are still challenging, which is mainly due to the short half-life, low bioavailability and poor specificity of these agents and their unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes. In recent years, lactate modulation nanomedicines have emerged as a charming and efficient strategy for fighting cancer, which play important roles in optimizing the delivery of lactate-modulating agents for more precise and effective modulation and treatment. Integrating specific lactate-modulating functions in diverse therapeutic nanomedicines may overcome the intrinsic restrictions of different therapeutic modalities by remodeling the pathological microenvironment for achieving enhanced cancer therapy. In this review, the most recent advances in the engineering of functional nanomedicines that can modulate tumor lactate for cancer therapy are summarized and discussed, and the fundamental mechanisms by which lactate modulation benefits various therapeutics are elucidated. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of this emerging strategy in the anti-tumor field are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China. .,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yufang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China. .,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chengtie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China. .,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jianlin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China. .,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.,Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200331, P. R. China
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Ramos Meyers G, Samouda H, Bohn T. Short Chain Fatty Acid Metabolism in Relation to Gut Microbiota and Genetic Variability. Nutrients 2022; 14:5361. [PMID: 36558520 PMCID: PMC9788597 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that the gut microbiota plays a significant role in modulating inflammatory and immune responses of their host. In recent years, the host-microbiota interface has gained relevance in understanding the development of many non-communicable chronic conditions, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, autoimmunity and neurodegeneration. Importantly, dietary fibre (DF) and associated compounds digested by the microbiota and their resulting metabolites, especially short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), were significantly associated with health beneficial effects, such as via proposed anti-inflammatory mechanisms. However, SCFA metabolic pathways are not fully understood. Major steps include production of SCFA by microbiota, uptake in the colonic epithelium, first-pass effects at the liver, followed by biodistribution and metabolism at the host's cellular level. As dietary patterns do not affect all individuals equally, the host genetic makeup may play a role in the metabolic fate of these metabolites, in addition to other factors that might influence the microbiota, such as age, birth through caesarean, medication intake, alcohol and tobacco consumption, pathogen exposure and physical activity. In this article, we review the metabolic pathways of DF, from intake to the intracellular metabolism of fibre-derived products, and identify possible sources of inter-individual variability related to genetic variation. Such variability may be indicative of the phenotypic flexibility in response to diet, and may be predictive of long-term adaptations to dietary factors, including maladaptation and tissue damage, which may develop into disease in individuals with specific predispositions, thus allowing for a better prediction of potential health effects following personalized intervention with DF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Ramos Meyers
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B, Rue Thomas Edison, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
- Doctoral School in Science and Engineering, University of Luxembourg, 2, Avenue de l'Université, 4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Hanen Samouda
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B, Rue Thomas Edison, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Torsten Bohn
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B, Rue Thomas Edison, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
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15
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Consumption and Metabolism of Extracellular Pyruvate by Cultured Rat Brain Astrocytes. Neurochem Res 2022; 48:1438-1454. [PMID: 36495387 PMCID: PMC10066139 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03831-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBrain astrocytes are considered as glycolytic cell type, but these cells also produce ATP via mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Exposure of cultured primary astrocytes in a glucose-free medium to extracellular substrates that are known to be metabolised by mitochondrial pathways, including pyruvate, lactate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, alanine and acetate, revealed that among the substrates investigated extracellular pyruvate was most efficiently consumed by astrocytes. Extracellular pyruvate was consumed by the cells almost proportional to time over hours in a concentration-dependent manner with apparent Michaelis–Menten kinetics [Km = 0.6 ± 0.1 mM, Vmax = 5.1 ± 0.8 nmol/(min × mg protein)]. The astrocytic consumption of pyruvate was strongly impaired in the presence of the monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) inhibitor AR-C155858 or by application of a 10-times excess of the MCT1 substrates lactate or beta-hydroxybutyrate. Pyruvate consumption by viable astrocytes was inhibited in the presence of UK5099, an inhibitor of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier, or after application of the respiratory chain inhibitor antimycin A. In contrast, the mitochondrial uncoupler BAM15 strongly accelerated cellular pyruvate consumption. Lactate and alanine accounted after 3 h of incubation with pyruvate for around 60% and 10%, respectively, of the pyruvate consumed by the cells. These results demonstrate that consumption of extracellular pyruvate by astrocytes involves uptake via MCT1 and that the velocity of pyruvate consumption is strongly modified by substances that affect the entry of pyruvate into mitochondria or the activity of mitochondrial respiration.
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16
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Mireștean CC, Iancu RI, Iancu DPT. New horizons in modulating the radio-sensitivity of head and neck cancer - 100 years after Warburg' effect discovery. Front Oncol 2022; 12:908695. [PMID: 36568220 PMCID: PMC9780029 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.908695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor radiation resistance along with chemotherapy resistance is one of the main causes of therapeutic failure of radiotherapy-treated head and neck cancers. 100 years after the discovery of the Warburg effect, a process specific to malignant cells to metabolize glucose especially anaerobically even under normoxia condition, its modulation has become a viable therapeutic target for improving the results of cancer therapies. Improving the radio-sensitivity of head and neck tumors by reversing the Warburg effect can increase the rate of local control and reduce the toxicity associated with irradiation. P53 status can be used as a biomarker in the choice of a single agent strategy (cell respiration inhibition with Metformin) or double inhibition, both of respiration and glycolysis. Targeting of enzymes involved in the Warburg effect, such as Hexokinase-II, are strategies with potential to be applied in clinical practice with radio-sensitizing effect for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Even if anti-Warburg therapies tested in clinical trials have been associated with either toxic deaths or a minor clinical benefit, the identification of both potential radio-sensitivity biomarkers and methods of reversing the Warburg effect will play an important role in the radiobiology of head and neck cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camil Ciprian Mireștean
- Department of Medical Oncology and Radiotherapy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, Craiova, Romania,Department of Surgery, Railways Clinical Hospital, Iasi, Romania
| | - Roxana Irina Iancu
- Oral Pathology Department, “Gr.T.Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania,Department of Clinical Laboratory, St. Spiridon Emergency Hospital, Iasi, Romania,*Correspondence: Roxana Irina Iancu,
| | - Dragoș Petru Teodor Iancu
- Department of Medical Oncology and Radiotherapy, “Gr.T.Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania,Department of Radiation Oncology, Regional Institute of Oncology, Iasi, Romania
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Li X, Yang Y, Zhang B, Lin X, Fu X, An Y, Zou Y, Wang JX, Wang Z, Yu T. Lactate metabolism in human health and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:305. [PMID: 36050306 PMCID: PMC9434547 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01151-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 139.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The current understanding of lactate extends from its origins as a byproduct of glycolysis to its role in tumor metabolism, as identified by studies on the Warburg effect. The lactate shuttle hypothesis suggests that lactate plays an important role as a bridging signaling molecule that coordinates signaling among different cells, organs and tissues. Lactylation is a posttranslational modification initially reported by Professor Yingming Zhao’s research group in 2019. Subsequent studies confirmed that lactylation is a vital component of lactate function and is involved in tumor proliferation, neural excitation, inflammation and other biological processes. An indispensable substance for various physiological cellular functions, lactate plays a regulatory role in different aspects of energy metabolism and signal transduction. Therefore, a comprehensive review and summary of lactate is presented to clarify the role of lactate in disease and to provide a reference and direction for future research. This review offers a systematic overview of lactate homeostasis and its roles in physiological and pathological processes, as well as a comprehensive overview of the effects of lactylation in various diseases, particularly inflammation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Li
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University; Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiaotong Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266011, China
| | - Xiuxiu Fu
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yi An
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Yulin Zou
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Jian-Xun Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, China.
| | - Tao Yu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University; Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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18
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Chen W, Liu J, Zheng C, Bai Q, Gao Q, Zhang Y, Dong K, Lu T. Research Progress on Improving the Efficiency of CDT by Exacerbating Tumor Acidification. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:2611-2628. [PMID: 35712639 PMCID: PMC9196673 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s366187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, chemodynamic therapy (CDT) has received extensive attention as a novel means of cancer treatment. The CDT agents can exert Fenton and Fenton-like reactions in the acidic tumor microenvironment (TME), converting hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into highly toxic hydroxyl radicals (·OH). However, the pH of TME, as an essential factor in the Fenton reaction, does not catalyze the reaction effectively, hindering its efficiency, which poses a significant challenge for the future clinical application of CDT. Therefore, this paper reviews various strategies to enhance the antitumor properties of nanomaterials by modulating tumor acidity. Ultimately, the performance of CDT can be further improved by inducing strong oxidative stress to produce sufficient ·OH. In this paper, the various acidification pathways and proton pumps with potential acidification functions are mainly discussed, such as catalytic enzymes, exogenous acids, CAIX, MCT, NHE, NBCn1, etc. The problems, opportunities, and challenges of CDT in the cancer field are also discussed, thereby providing new insights for the design of nanomaterials and laying the foundation for their future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Chen
- Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxi Liu
- Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiyun Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Que Bai
- Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Gao
- Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanni Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingli Lu
- Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
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Metabolic reprograming of MDSCs within tumor microenvironment and targeting for cancer immunotherapy. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1337-1348. [PMID: 34561553 PMCID: PMC9160034 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00776-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of emerging studies in field of immune metabolism have indicated that cellular metabolic reprograming serves as a major administrator in maintaining the viability and functions of both tumor cells and immune cells. As one of the most important immunosuppressive cells in tumor stroma, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) dynamically orchestrate their metabolic pathways in response to the complicated tumor microenvironment (TME), a process that consequently limits the therapeutic effectiveness of anti-cancer treatment modalities. In this context, the metabolic vulnerabilities of MDSCs could be exploited as a novel immune metabolic checkpoint upon which to intervene for promoting the efficacy of immunotherapy. Here, we have discussed about recent studies highlighting the important roles of the metabolic reprograming and the core molecular pathways involved in tumor-infiltrating MDSCs. In addition, we have also summarized the state-of-the-art strategies that are currently being employed to target MDSC metabolism and improve the efficacy of antineoplastic immunotherapy.
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20
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Jiang L, Gao X, Xu J, Liu W, Li S, Huang W, Zhao H, Yang Z, Wei Z. Alumina nanoparticles-induced heterophil extracellular traps exacerbate liver injury by regulating oxidative stress and inflammation in chickens. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 229:111725. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Wang Y, Li J, Wang MY, Pan ZY, Li ZQ, Wang ZF. Chronic microglial inflammation promotes neuronal lactate supply but impairs its utilization in primary rat astrocyte-neuron co-cultures. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 607:28-35. [PMID: 35366540 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.03.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal activity is closely associated with energy metabolism. In addition to glucose, astrocyte-derived lactate serves as an energy source for neurons. Chronic inflammation is a common pathological event that is associated with aging and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying inflammation-induced neuronal injury are not fully understood. Both microglia and astrocytes participate in the regulation of neuronal functions; therefore, we used astrocyte-neuron co-cultures to investigate the effects of chronic microglial activation on neuronal lactate metabolism. Chronic low-grade inflammation was induced by repeated stimulation of primary rat microglia with low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 ng/mL). The medium from the LPS-activated microglia was collected and used to mimic the inflammatory environment in primary cultures. In monocultures exposed to an inflammatory environment, intracellular lactate decreased in neurons but increased in astrocytes. However, astrocyte-neuron co-cultures exhibited increased lactate levels in neurons and decreased lactate levels in astrocytes when exposed to an inflammatory environment. Inhibition of lactate transporters expressed on neurons or astrocytes reduced the intracellular lactate in co-cultured neurons exposed to inflammation, but not in those exposed to physiological conditions. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production was reduced in both mono-cultured and co-cultured neurons. These results indicate that a chronic inflammatory environment increases neuronal lactate supply by promoting the astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle, but it impairs lactate oxidation in neurons. Additionally, chronic inflammation disrupts the neuronal cytoskeleton. This study highlights the importance of glial cells in regulating neuroenergetics and neuronal function and provides a comprehensive explanation for the neurotoxic effects of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Physiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Physiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meng-Yue Wang
- Department of Physiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Ze-Fen Wang
- Department of Physiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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22
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Goswami KK, Banerjee S, Bose A, Baral R. Lactic acid in alternative polarization and function of macrophages in tumor microenvironment. Hum Immunol 2022; 83:409-417. [PMID: 35300874 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In developing tumor, macrophages are one major immune infiltrate that not only contributes in shaping up of tumor microenvironment (TME) but also have the potential of determining the fate of tumor in terms of its progression. Phenotypic plasticity of macrophages primarily channelizes them to alternative (M2) form of tumor associated macrophages (TAM) in the TME. One of the key tumor derived components that plays a crucial role in TAM polarization from M1 to M2 form is lactic acid and has prominent role in progression of malignancy. The role of lactic acid as signalling molecule as well as an immunomodulator has recently been recognized. This review focuses on the mechanism and signalling that are involved in lactic acid induced M2 polarization and possible therapeutic strategies for regulating lactic acidosis in TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuntal Kanti Goswami
- Department of Microbiology, Asutosh College, 92, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India.
| | - Saptak Banerjee
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Anamika Bose
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Rathindranath Baral
- Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
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Wang Y, Qin L, Chen W, Chen Q, Sun J, Wang G. Novel strategies to improve tumour therapy by targeting the proteins MCT1, MCT4 and LAT1. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 226:113806. [PMID: 34517305 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Poor selectivity, potential systemic toxicity and drug resistance are the main challenges associated with chemotherapeutic drugs. MCT1 and MCT4 and LAT1 play vital roles in tumour metabolism and growth by taking up nutrients and are thus potential targets for tumour therapy. An increasing number of studies have shown the feasibility of including these transporters as components of tumour-targeting therapy. Here, we summarize the recent progress in MCT1-, MCT4-and LAT1-based therapeutic strategies. First, protein structures, expression, relationships with cancer, and substrate characteristics are introduced. Then, different drug targeting and delivery strategies using these proteins have been reviewed, including designing protein inhibitors, prodrugs and nanoparticles. Finally, a dual targeted strategy is discussed because these proteins exert a synergistic effect on tumour proliferation. This article concentrates on tumour treatments targeting MCT1, MCT4 and LAT1 and delivery techniques for improving the antitumour effect. These innovative tactics represent current state-of-the-art developments in transporter-based antitumour drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Personnel Department, Guang Xi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, PR China
| | - Liuxin Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Guang Xi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, PR China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guang Xi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, PR China
| | - Qing Chen
- Zhuang Yao Medicine Center of Engineering and Technology, Guang Xi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, PR China
| | - Jin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Zhuang Yao Medicine Center of Engineering and Technology, Guang Xi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, PR China.
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24
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Wang ZH, Peng WB, Zhang P, Yang XP, Zhou Q. Lactate in the tumour microenvironment: From immune modulation to therapy. EBioMedicine 2021; 73:103627. [PMID: 34656878 PMCID: PMC8524104 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Disordered metabolic states, which are characterised by hypoxia and elevated levels of metabolites, particularly lactate, contribute to the immunosuppression in the tumour microenvironment (TME). Excessive lactate secreted by metabolism-reprogrammed cancer cells regulates immune responses via causing extracellular acidification, acting as an energy source by shuttling between different cell populations, and inhibiting the mechanistic (previously ‘mammalian’) target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in immune cells. This review focuses on recent advances in the regulation of immune responses by lactate, as well as therapeutic strategies targeting lactate anabolism and transport in the TME, such as those involving glycolytic enzymes and monocarboxylate transporter inhibitors. Considering the multifaceted roles of lactate in cancer metabolism, a comprehensive understanding of how lactate and lactate-targeting therapies regulate immune responses in the TME will provide insights into the complex relationships between metabolism and antitumour immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Hao Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Bei Peng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang-Ping Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Qiong Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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25
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Kozal K, Jóźwiak P, Krześlak A. Contemporary Perspectives on the Warburg Effect Inhibition in Cancer Therapy. Cancer Control 2021; 28:10732748211041243. [PMID: 34554006 PMCID: PMC8474311 DOI: 10.1177/10732748211041243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In the 1920s, Otto Warburg observed the phenomenon of altered glucose metabolism
in cancer cells. Although the initial hypothesis suggested that the alteration
resulted from mitochondrial damage, multiple studies of the subject revealed a
precise, multistage process rather than a random pattern. The phenomenon of
aerobic glycolysis emerges not only from mitochondrial abnormalities common in
cancer cells, but also results from metabolic reprogramming beneficial for their
sustenance. The Warburg effect enables metabolic adaptation of cancer cells to
grow and proliferate, simultaneously enabling their survival in hypoxic
conditions. Altered glucose metabolism of cancer cells includes, inter alia,
qualitative and quantitative changes within glucose transporters, enzymes of the
glycolytic pathway, such as hexokinases and pyruvate kinase, hypoxia-inducible
factor, monocarboxylate transporters, and lactate dehydrogenase. This review
summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding inhibitors of cancer glucose
metabolism with a focus on their clinical potential. The altered metabolic
phenotype of cancer cells allows for targeting of specific mechanisms, which
might improve conventional methods in anti-cancer therapy. However, several
problems such as drug bioavailability, specificity, toxicity, the plasticity of
cancer cells, and heterogeneity of cells in tumors have to be overcome when
designing therapies based on compounds targeted in cancer cell energy
metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kozal
- Faculty of Biology and
Environmental Protection, Department of Cytobiochemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Paweł Jóźwiak
- Faculty of Biology and
Environmental Protection, Department of Cytobiochemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Krześlak
- Faculty of Biology and
Environmental Protection, Department of Cytobiochemistry, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- Anna Krzeslak Faculty of Biology and
Environmental Protection, Department of Cytobiochemistry, University of Lodz,
Pomorska 141/143, Lodz 90-131, Poland.
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26
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Liu KX, Everdell E, Pal S, Haas-Kogan DA, Milligan MG. Harnessing Lactate Metabolism for Radiosensitization. Front Oncol 2021; 11:672339. [PMID: 34367959 PMCID: PMC8343095 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.672339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells rewire their metabolism to promote cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Alterations in the lactate pathway have been characterized in diverse cancers, correlate with outcomes, and lead to many downstream effects, including decreasing oxidative stress, promoting an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, lipid synthesis, and building chemo- or radio-resistance. Radiotherapy is a key modality of treatment for many cancers and approximately 50% of patients with cancer will receive radiation for cure or palliation; thus, overcoming radio-resistance is important for improving outcomes. Growing research suggests that important molecular controls of the lactate pathway may serve as novel therapeutic targets and in particular, radiosensitizers. In this mini-review, we will provide an overview of lactate metabolism in cancer, discuss three important contributors to lactate metabolism (lactate dehydrogenase, monocarboxylate transporters, and mitochondrial pyruvate carrier), and present data that inhibition of these three pathways can lead to radiosensitization. Future research is needed to further understand critical regulators of lactate metabolism and explore clinical safety and efficacy of inhibitors of lactate dehydrogenase, monocarboxylate transporters, and mitochondrial pyruvate carrier alone and in combination with radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin X Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Sharmistha Pal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Daphne A Haas-Kogan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michael G Milligan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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27
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Chandel V, Kumar D. Targeting Signalling Cross-Talk between Cancer Cells and Cancer-Associated Fibroblast through Monocarboxylate Transporters in Head and Neck Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:1369-1378. [PMID: 32698754 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200721135230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive malignancy affecting more than 600,000 cases worldwide annually, associated with poor prognosis and significant morbidity. HNSCC tumors are dysplastic, with up to 80% fibroblasts. It has been reported that Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) facilitate HNSCC progression. Unlike normal cells, malignant cells often display increased glycolysis, even in the presence of oxygen; a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. As a consequence, there is an increase in Lactic Acid (LA) production. Earlier, it has been reported that HNSCC tumors exhibit high LA levels that correlate with reduced survival. It has been reported that the activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase, c- MET, by CAF-secreted Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) is a major contributing event in the progression of HNSCC. In nasopharyngeal carcinoma, c-MET inhibition downregulates the TP53-Induced Glycolysis and Apoptosis Regulator (TIGAR) and NADPH production resulting in apoptosis. Previously, it was demonstrated that HNSCC tumor cells are highly glycolytic. Further, CAFs show a higher capacity to utilize LA as a carbon source to fuel mitochondrial respiration than HNSCC. Earlier, we have reported that in admixed cultures, both cell types increase the expression of Monocarboxylate Transporters (MCTs) for a bidirectional LA transporter. Consequently, MCTs play an important role in signalling cross-talk between cancer cells and cancer associate fibroblast in head and neck cancer, and targeting MCTs would lead to the development of a potential therapeutic approach for head and neck cancer. In this review, we focus on the regulation of MCTs in head and neck cancer through signalling cross-talk between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts, and targeting this signalling cross talk would lead to the development of a potential therapeutic approach for head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Chandel
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sec-125, Noida-201313, (UP), India
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sec-125, Noida-201313, (UP), India
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28
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Köpnick AL, Geistlinger K, Beitz E. Cysteine 159 delineates a hinge region of the alternating access monocarboxylate transporter 1 and is targeted by cysteine-modifying inhibitors. FEBS J 2021; 288:6052-6062. [PMID: 33999492 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Monocarboxylate transporter isoforms 1-4, MCT, of the solute carrier SLC16A family facilitate proton-coupled transport of l-lactate. Growth of tumors that exhibit the Warburg effect, that is, high rates of anaerobic glycolysis despite availability of oxygen, relies on swift l-lactate export, whereas oxygenic cancer cells import circulating l-lactate as a fuel. Currently, MCTs are viewed as promising anticancer targets. Small-molecule inhibitors have been found, and, recently, high-resolution protein structures have been obtained. Key questions, however, regarding the exact binding sites of cysteine-modifying inhibitors and the substrate translocation cycle lack a conclusive experimental basis. Here, we report Cys159 of the ubiquitous human MCT1 to reside in a critical hinge region of the alternating access-type transporter. We identified Cys159 as the binding site of the organomercurial pCMBS. The inhibitory effect of pCMBS was proposed to be indirect via modification of the chaperone basigin. We provide evidence that pCMBS locks MCT1 in its outward open conformation in a wedge-like fashion. We corroborated this finding using smaller cysteine-modifying reagents that size-dependently inhibited l-lactate transport. The smallest modifiers targeted additional cysteines as shown by a C159S mutant. We found a Cys399/Cys400 pair to constitute the second hinge of the transporter that tolerated only individual replacement by serine. The hinge cysteines, in particular the selectively addressable Cys159, provide natural anchors for placing probes into MCTs to report, for instance, on the electrostatics or hydration upon binding of the transported l-lactate substrate and the proton cosubstrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Lena Köpnick
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany
| | - Katharina Geistlinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany
| | - Eric Beitz
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany
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29
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Kobayashi M, Narumi K, Furugen A, Iseki K. Transport function, regulation, and biology of human monocarboxylate transporter 1 (hMCT1) and 4 (hMCT4). Pharmacol Ther 2021; 226:107862. [PMID: 33894276 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Human monocarboxylate transporter 1 (hMCT1) and 4 (hMCT4) are involved in the proton-dependent transport of monocarboxylates such as L-lactate, which play an essential role in cellular metabolism and pH regulation. hMCT1 and 4 are overexpressed in a number of cancers, and polymorphisms in hMCT1 have been reported to be associated with the prognosis of some cancers. Accordingly, recent advances have focused on the inhibition of these transporters as a novel therapeutic strategy in cancers. To screen for MCT inhibitors for clinical application, it is important to study MCT function and regulation, and the effect of compounds on them, using human-derived cells. In this review, we focus on the transport function, regulation, and biology of hMCT1 and hMCT4, and the effects of genetic variation in these transporters in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics & Therapeutics, Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; Education Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Japan.
| | - Katsuya Narumi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics & Therapeutics, Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Ayako Furugen
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics & Therapeutics, Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Ken Iseki
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics & Therapeutics, Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
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30
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Solute carriers as potential oncodrivers or suppressors: their key functions in malignant tumor formation. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1689-1701. [PMID: 33737072 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Solute carrier (SLC) transporters are primarily known for their function in the transportation of various exogenous/endogenous substances via influx/efflux mechanisms. In addition to their diverse role in several tumor-modulating functions, such as proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), epigenetic modification, chemoresistance, immunoregulation, and oncometabolism, influx/efflux-independent contributions of SLCs in the activation of various signaling network cascades that might drive metastatic tumor formation have also been uncovered. Disappointingly, even after two decades and the discovery of >450 SLCs, many of their members remain orphans in terms of cancer pathogenesis. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the tumor-modulating functions, mechanisms, and complexity of SLCs, as well as their potential as targets for cancer therapy.
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31
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Wang B, Yuan T, Zha L, Liu Y, Chen W, Zhang C, Bao Y, Dong Q. Oral Delivery of Gambogenic Acid by Functional Polydopamine Nanoparticles for Targeted Tumor Therapy. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:1470-1479. [PMID: 33586444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
To enhance the water solubility, oral bioavailability, and tumor targeting of gambogenic acid (GNA), polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) were prepared to encapsulate and stabilize GNA surface modified by folic acid (FA) and then coated with sodium alginate (GNA@PDA-FA SA NPs) to achieve an antitumor effect by oral administration. GNA@PDA-FA SA NPs exhibited in vitro pH-sensitive release behavior. In vitro cell studies manifested that GNA@PDA-FA NPs had higher cytotoxicity to 4T1 cells compared with raw GNA (IC50 = 2.58 μM vs 7.57 μM). After being modified with FA, GNA@PDA-FA NPs were taken up easily by 4T1 cells. In vivo studies demonstrated that the area under the curve (AUC0→∞) of the plasma drug concentration-time of GNA@PDA-FA SA NPs was 2.97-fold higher than that of raw GNA, along with improving drug distribution in the liver, lung, and kidney tissues. In vivo anti-tumor experiments, GNA@PDA-FA SA NPs significantly inhibited the growth of breast tumors in the 4T1 xenograft breast cancer model via oral administration without obvious toxicity on major organs. Our studies indicated that the GNA@PDA-FA SA NPs modified with FA and coated with SA were a promising drug delivery system for targeting tumor therapy via oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beilei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Tengteng Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Liqiong Zha
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Yuanxu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Weidong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Caiyun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Youmei Bao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Qiannian Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
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32
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Saulle E, Spinello I, Quaranta MT, Pasquini L, Pelosi E, Iorio E, Castelli G, Chirico M, Pisanu ME, Ottone T, Voso MT, Testa U, Labbaye C. Targeting Lactate Metabolism by Inhibiting MCT1 or MCT4 Impairs Leukemic Cell Proliferation, Induces Two Different Related Death-Pathways and Increases Chemotherapeutic Sensitivity of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Front Oncol 2021; 10:621458. [PMID: 33614502 PMCID: PMC7892602 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.621458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolism in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells is dependent primarily on oxidative phosphorylation. However, in order to sustain their high proliferation rate and metabolic demand, leukemic blasts use a number of metabolic strategies, including glycolytic metabolism. Understanding whether monocarboxylate transporters MCT1 and MCT4, which remove the excess of lactate produced by cancer cells, represent new hematological targets, and whether their respective inhibitors, AR-C155858 and syrosingopine, can be useful in leukemia therapy, may reveal a novel treatment strategy for patients with AML. We analyzed MCT1 and MCT4 expression and function in hematopoietic progenitor cells from healthy cord blood, in several leukemic cell lines and in primary leukemic blasts from patients with AML, and investigated the effects of AR-C155858 and syrosingopine, used alone or in combination with arabinosylcytosine, on leukemic cell proliferation. We found an inverse correlation between MCT1 and MCT4 expression levels in leukemic cells, and showed that MCT4 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in AML patients. We also found that AR-C155858 and syrosingopine inhibit leukemic cell proliferation by activating two different cell-death related pathways, i.e., necrosis for AR-C155858 treatment and autophagy for syrosingopine, and showed that AR-C155858 and syrosingopine exert an anti-proliferative effect, additive to chemotherapy, by enhancing leukemic cells sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents. Altogether, our study shows that inhibition of MCT1 or MCT4 impairs leukemic cell proliferation, suggesting that targeting lactate metabolism may be a new therapeutic strategy for AML, and points to MCT4 as a potential therapeutic target in AML patients and to syrosingopine as a new anti-proliferative drug and inducer of autophagy to be used in combination with conventional chemotherapeutic agents in AML treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernestina Saulle
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Spinello
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Quaranta
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Pasquini
- Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Elvira Pelosi
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Egidio Iorio
- Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Germana Castelli
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattea Chirico
- Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Tiziana Ottone
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,Santa Lucia Foundation, I.R.C.C.S., Neuro-Oncohematology, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Voso
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,Santa Lucia Foundation, I.R.C.C.S., Neuro-Oncohematology, Rome, Italy
| | - Ugo Testa
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Catherine Labbaye
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Benyahia Z, Blackman MCNM, Hamelin L, Zampieri LX, Capeloa T, Bedin ML, Vazeille T, Schakman O, Sonveaux P. In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of MCT1 Inhibitor AZD3965 Confirms Preclinical Safety Compatible with Breast Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030569. [PMID: 33540599 PMCID: PMC7867268 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The vast majority of tumors originate in tissues that use different substrates and oxygen to produce energy. However, tumors are disorganized structurally and functionally, which creates areas where oxygen and nutrients are poorly available. To survive and proliferate, cancer cells adapt by switching their metabolism to lactic fermentation. Their fate is further optimized by intercellular cooperation, but this creates a weakness that can be exploited therapeutically. Indeed, AZD3965 is a new drug currently tested in clinical trials that inhibits a cooperation based on lactate swapping for glucose between fermenting and respiring cells. It inhibits lactate transporter monocarboxylate transporter 1. Here, using malignant and nonmalignant cells representative of the breast tissue and several behavioral tests in mice, we establish that AZD3965 is safe for therapeutic use against cancer. The only side effect that we detected was a short-term memory retention defect that transiently perturbed the orientation of mice in space. Abstract To survive and proliferate in solid tumors, cancer cells adapt and evolve rapidly in microenvironments where oxygen and substrate bioavailability fluctuates over time and space. This creates metabolic heterogeneity. Cancer cells can further cooperate metabolically, for example by swapping glycolytic end-product lactate for blood-borne glucose. This type of cooperation can be targeted therapeutically, since transmembrane lactate exchanges are facilitated by lactate-proton symporters of the monocarboxylate (MCT) family. Among new drugs, AZD3965 is a first-in-class selective MCT1 inhibitor currently tested in Phase I/II clinical trials for patients with different types of cancers. Because MCT1 can function bidirectionally, we tested here whether and how malignant and nonmalignant cells adapt their metabolism and MCT repertoire when AZD3965 inhibits either lactate import or export. Using breast-associated malignant and nonmalignant cell lines as models, we report that AZD3965 is not directly cytotoxic. In the presence of glucose and glutamine, oxidative cells can survive when lactate uptake is blocked, and proliferating cells compensate MCT1 inhibition by overexpressing MCT4, a specialized facilitator of lactate export. Phenotypic characterization of mice focusing on metabolism, muscle and brain physiology found partial and transient memory retention defect as sole consequence of MCT1 inhibition by AZD3965. We therefore conclude that AZD3965 is compatible with anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohra Benyahia
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 57 box B1.57.04, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (Z.B.); (M.C.N.M.B.); (L.H.); (L.X.Z.); (T.C.); (M.L.B.); (T.V.)
| | - Marine C. N. M. Blackman
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 57 box B1.57.04, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (Z.B.); (M.C.N.M.B.); (L.H.); (L.X.Z.); (T.C.); (M.L.B.); (T.V.)
| | - Loïc Hamelin
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 57 box B1.57.04, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (Z.B.); (M.C.N.M.B.); (L.H.); (L.X.Z.); (T.C.); (M.L.B.); (T.V.)
| | - Luca X. Zampieri
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 57 box B1.57.04, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (Z.B.); (M.C.N.M.B.); (L.H.); (L.X.Z.); (T.C.); (M.L.B.); (T.V.)
| | - Tania Capeloa
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 57 box B1.57.04, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (Z.B.); (M.C.N.M.B.); (L.H.); (L.X.Z.); (T.C.); (M.L.B.); (T.V.)
| | - Marie L. Bedin
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 57 box B1.57.04, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (Z.B.); (M.C.N.M.B.); (L.H.); (L.X.Z.); (T.C.); (M.L.B.); (T.V.)
| | - Thibaut Vazeille
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 57 box B1.57.04, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (Z.B.); (M.C.N.M.B.); (L.H.); (L.X.Z.); (T.C.); (M.L.B.); (T.V.)
| | - Olivier Schakman
- Pole of Cell Physiology, Institut des Neurosciences (IoNS), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue E. Mounier 53 box B1.53.17, 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Pierre Sonveaux
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 57 box B1.57.04, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (Z.B.); (M.C.N.M.B.); (L.H.); (L.X.Z.); (T.C.); (M.L.B.); (T.V.)
- Correspondence:
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Lactate in the Tumor Microenvironment: An Essential Molecule in Cancer Progression and Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113244. [PMID: 33153193 PMCID: PMC7693872 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The role of lactate in cancer described by Otto Warburg in 1927 states that cancer cells uptake high amount of glucose with a marked increase in lactate production, this is known as the “Warburg effect”. Since then lactate turn out to be a major signaling molecule in cancer progression. Its release from tumor cells is accompanied by acidification ranging from 6.3 to 6.9 in the tumor microenvironment (TME) which favors processes such as tumor promotion, angiogenesis, metastasis, tumor resistance and more importantly, immunosuppression which has been associated with a poor outcome. The goal of this review is to examine and discuss in deep detail the recent studies that address the role of lactate in all these cancerous processes. Lastly, we explore the efforts to target the lactate production and its transport as a promising approach for cancer therapeutics. Abstract Cancer is a complex disease that includes the reprogramming of metabolic pathways by malignant proliferating cells, including those affecting the tumor microenvironment (TME). The “TME concept” was introduced in recognition of the roles played by factors other than tumor cells in cancer progression. In response to the hypoxic or semi-hypoxic characteristic of the TME, cancer cells generate a large amount of lactate via the metabolism of glucose and glutamine. Export of this newly generated lactate by the tumor cells together with H+ prevents intracellular acidification but acidifies the TME. In recent years, the importance of lactate and acidosis in carcinogenesis has gained increasing attention, including the role of lactate as a tumor-promoting metabolite. Here we review the existing literature on lactate metabolism in tumor cells and the ability of extracellular lactate to direct the metabolic reprogramming of those cells. Studies demonstrating the roles of lactate in biological processes that drive or sustain carcinogenesis (tumor promotion, angiogenesis, metastasis and tumor resistance) and lactate’s role as an immunosuppressor that contributes to tumor evasion are also considered. Finally, we consider recent therapeutic efforts using available drugs directed at and interfering with lactate production and transport in cancer treatment.
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Kuo TC, Huang KY, Yang SC, Wu S, Chung WC, Chang YL, Hong TM, Wang SP, Chen HY, Hsiao TH, Yang PC. Monocarboxylate Transporter 4 Is a Therapeutic Target in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer with Aerobic Glycolysis Preference. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2020; 18:189-201. [PMID: 32695876 PMCID: PMC7364124 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting metabolic reprogramming is an emerging strategy in cancer therapy. However, clinical attempts to target metabolic reprogramming have been proved to be challenging, with metabolic heterogeneity of cancer being one of many reasons that causes treatment failure. Here, we stratified non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, mainly lung adenocarcinoma, based on their metabolic phenotypes and demonstrated that the aerobic glycolysis-preference NSCLC cell subtype was resistant to the OXPHOS-targeting inhibitors. We identified that monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4), a lactate transporter, was highly expressed in the aerobic glycolysis-preference subtype with function supporting the proliferation of these cells. Glucose could induce the expression of MCT4 in these cells through a ΔNp63α and Sp1-dependent pathway. Next, we showed that knockdown of MCT4 increased intracellular lactate concentration and induced a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent cellular apoptosis in the aerobic glycolysis-preference NSCLC cell subtype. By scanning a panel of monoclonal antibodies with MCT4 neutralizing activity, we further identified a MCT4 immunoglobulin M (IgM) monoclonal antibody showing capable anti-proliferation efficacy on the aerobic glycolysis-preference NSCLC cell subtype. Our findings indicate that the metabolic heterogeneity is a critical factor for NSCLC therapy and manipulating the expression or function of MCT4 can be an effective strategy in targeting the aerobic glycolysis-preference NSCLC cell subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Chun Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yen Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
| | - Shuenn-Chen Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Sean Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chia Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Leong Chang
- Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Ming Hong
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ping Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Yu Chen
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- PhD Program in Microbial Genomics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hung Hsiao
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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Mendes C, Serpa J. Revisiting lactate dynamics in cancer—a metabolic expertise or an alternative attempt to survive? J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:1397-1414. [DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01965-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Felmlee MA, Jones RS, Rodriguez-Cruz V, Follman KE, Morris ME. Monocarboxylate Transporters (SLC16): Function, Regulation, and Role in Health and Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2020; 72:466-485. [PMID: 32144120 DOI: 10.1124/pr.119.018762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The solute carrier family 16 (SLC16) is comprised of 14 members of the monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) family that play an essential role in the transport of important cell nutrients and for cellular metabolism and pH regulation. MCTs 1-4 have been extensively studied and are involved in the proton-dependent transport of L-lactate, pyruvate, short-chain fatty acids, and monocarboxylate drugs in a wide variety of tissues. MCTs 1 and 4 are overexpressed in a number of cancers, and current investigations have focused on transporter inhibition as a novel therapeutic strategy in cancers. MCT1 has also been used in strategies aimed at enhancing drug absorption due to its high expression in the intestine. Other MCT isoforms are less well characterized, but ongoing studies indicate that MCT6 transports xenobiotics such as bumetanide, nateglinide, and probenecid, whereas MCT7 has been characterized as a transporter of ketone bodies. MCT8 and MCT10 transport thyroid hormones, and recently, MCT9 has been characterized as a carnitine efflux transporter and MCT12 as a creatine transporter. Expressed at the blood brain barrier, MCT8 mutations have been associated with an X-linked intellectual disability, known as Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome. Many MCT isoforms are associated with hormone, lipid, and glucose homeostasis, and recent research has focused on their potential roles in disease, with MCTs representing promising novel therapeutic targets. This review will provide a summary of the current literature focusing on the characterization, function, and regulation of the MCT family isoforms and on their roles in drug disposition and in health and disease. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The 14-member solute carrier family 16 of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) plays a fundamental role in maintaining intracellular concentrations of a broad range of important endogenous molecules in health and disease. MCTs 1, 2, and 4 (L-lactate transporters) are overexpressed in cancers and represent a novel therapeutic target in cancer. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of MCTs in glucose, lipid, and hormone homeostasis, including MCT8 in thyroid hormone brain uptake, MCT12 in carnitine transport, and MCT11 in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie A Felmlee
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Medicinal Chemistry, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California (M.A.F.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York (R.S.J., V.R.-C., M.E.M.); and Certara Strategic Consulting, Certara USA, Princeton, New Jersey (K.E.F.)
| | - Robert S Jones
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Medicinal Chemistry, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California (M.A.F.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York (R.S.J., V.R.-C., M.E.M.); and Certara Strategic Consulting, Certara USA, Princeton, New Jersey (K.E.F.)
| | - Vivian Rodriguez-Cruz
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Medicinal Chemistry, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California (M.A.F.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York (R.S.J., V.R.-C., M.E.M.); and Certara Strategic Consulting, Certara USA, Princeton, New Jersey (K.E.F.)
| | - Kristin E Follman
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Medicinal Chemistry, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California (M.A.F.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York (R.S.J., V.R.-C., M.E.M.); and Certara Strategic Consulting, Certara USA, Princeton, New Jersey (K.E.F.)
| | - Marilyn E Morris
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Medicinal Chemistry, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California (M.A.F.); Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York (R.S.J., V.R.-C., M.E.M.); and Certara Strategic Consulting, Certara USA, Princeton, New Jersey (K.E.F.)
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Braga M, Kaliszczak M, Carroll L, Schug ZT, Heinzmann K, Baxan N, Benito A, Valbuena GN, Stribbling S, Beckley A, Mackay G, Mauri F, Latigo J, Barnes C, Keun H, Gottlieb E, Aboagye EO. Tracing Nutrient Flux Following Monocarboxylate Transporter-1 Inhibition with AZD3965. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1703. [PMID: 32604836 PMCID: PMC7352845 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) is a key element in tumor cell metabolism and inhibition of MCT1 with AZD3965 is undergoing clinical trials. We aimed to investigate nutrient fluxes associated with MCT1 inhibition by AZD3965 to identify possible biomarkers of drug action. We synthesized an 18F-labeled lactate analogue, [18F]-S-fluorolactate ([18F]-S-FL), that was used alongside [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG), and 13C-labeled glucose and lactate, to investigate the modulation of metabolism with AZD3965 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma models in NOD/SCID mice. Comparative analysis of glucose and lactate-based probes showed a preference for glycolytic metabolism in vitro, whereas in vivo, both glucose and lactate were used as metabolic fuel. While intratumoral L-[1-13C]lactate and [18F]-S-FL were unchanged or lower at early (5 or 30 min) timepoints, these variables were higher compared to vehicle controls at 4 h following treatment with AZD3965, which indicates that inhibition of MCT1-mediated lactate import is reversed over time. Nonetheless, AZD3965 treatment impaired DLBCL tumor growth in mice. This was hypothesized to be a consequence of metabolic strain, as AZD3965 treatment showed a reduction in glycolytic intermediates and inhibition of the TCA cycle likely due to downregulated PDH activity. Glucose ([18F]FDG and D-[13C6]glucose) and lactate-based probes ([18F]-S-FL and L-[1-13C]lactate) can be successfully used as biomarkers for AZD3965 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Braga
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (M.B.); (M.K.); (L.C.); (K.H.); (A.B.); (G.N.V.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.); (J.L.); (C.B.); (H.K.)
| | - Maciej Kaliszczak
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (M.B.); (M.K.); (L.C.); (K.H.); (A.B.); (G.N.V.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.); (J.L.); (C.B.); (H.K.)
| | - Laurence Carroll
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (M.B.); (M.K.); (L.C.); (K.H.); (A.B.); (G.N.V.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.); (J.L.); (C.B.); (H.K.)
| | - Zachary T. Schug
- Cancer Metabolism Research Unit, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; (Z.T.S.); (G.M.); (E.G.)
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kathrin Heinzmann
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (M.B.); (M.K.); (L.C.); (K.H.); (A.B.); (G.N.V.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.); (J.L.); (C.B.); (H.K.)
| | - Nicoleta Baxan
- Biological Imaging Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK;
| | - Adrian Benito
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (M.B.); (M.K.); (L.C.); (K.H.); (A.B.); (G.N.V.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.); (J.L.); (C.B.); (H.K.)
| | - Gabriel N. Valbuena
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (M.B.); (M.K.); (L.C.); (K.H.); (A.B.); (G.N.V.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.); (J.L.); (C.B.); (H.K.)
| | - Stephen Stribbling
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (M.B.); (M.K.); (L.C.); (K.H.); (A.B.); (G.N.V.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.); (J.L.); (C.B.); (H.K.)
| | - Alice Beckley
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (M.B.); (M.K.); (L.C.); (K.H.); (A.B.); (G.N.V.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.); (J.L.); (C.B.); (H.K.)
| | - Gillian Mackay
- Cancer Metabolism Research Unit, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; (Z.T.S.); (G.M.); (E.G.)
| | - Francesco Mauri
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (M.B.); (M.K.); (L.C.); (K.H.); (A.B.); (G.N.V.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.); (J.L.); (C.B.); (H.K.)
| | - John Latigo
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (M.B.); (M.K.); (L.C.); (K.H.); (A.B.); (G.N.V.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.); (J.L.); (C.B.); (H.K.)
| | - Chris Barnes
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (M.B.); (M.K.); (L.C.); (K.H.); (A.B.); (G.N.V.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.); (J.L.); (C.B.); (H.K.)
| | - Hector Keun
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (M.B.); (M.K.); (L.C.); (K.H.); (A.B.); (G.N.V.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.); (J.L.); (C.B.); (H.K.)
| | - Eyal Gottlieb
- Cancer Metabolism Research Unit, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Rd, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; (Z.T.S.); (G.M.); (E.G.)
| | - Eric O. Aboagye
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; (M.B.); (M.K.); (L.C.); (K.H.); (A.B.); (G.N.V.); (S.S.); (A.B.); (F.M.); (J.L.); (C.B.); (H.K.)
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Puri S, Juvale K. Monocarboxylate transporter 1 and 4 inhibitors as potential therapeutics for treating solid tumours: A review with structure-activity relationship insights. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 199:112393. [PMID: 32388280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Development of multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the major causes leading to failure of cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) MCT1 and MCT4, which are overexpressed in solid tumours, play a very important role in cancer cell survival and proliferation. These lactate transporters work complimentarily to drive lactate shuttle in tumour cells, which results in maintenance of H+ ion (pH) balance necessary for their survival. Inhibition of these transmembrane proteins has been demonstrated as a novel strategy to treat drug resistant solid cancers. Presently, only a few small molecule MCT1 inhibitors such as AZD3965 and AR-C155858 are known with clinical potential. Even lesser mention of MCT4 inhibitors, which include molecules having scaffolds such as pyrazole and indazole, is available in the literature. Current overview presents the status of recent developments undertaken in identification of efficacious MCT1 and/or MCT4 inhibitors as a potential anticancer therapy overcoming MDR. Further, detailed structure-activity relationships for different classes of compounds has been proposed to streamline the understandings learnt from ongoing research work. Through this review, we aim to highlight the importance of these excellent targets and facilitate future development of selective, potent and safe MCT1 and/or MCT4 inhibitors as promising chemotherapy for drug resistant cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Puri
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| | - Kapil Juvale
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India.
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40
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Barnes EME, Xu Y, Benito A, Herendi L, Siskos AP, Aboagye EO, Nijhuis A, Keun HC. Lactic acidosis induces resistance to the pan-Akt inhibitor uprosertib in colon cancer cells. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:1298-1308. [PMID: 32152504 PMCID: PMC7188671 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0777-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Akt signalling regulates glycolysis and drives the Warburg effect in cancer, thus decreased glucose utilisation is a pharmacodynamic marker of Akt inhibition. However, cancer cells can utilise alternative nutrients to glucose for energy such as lactate, which is often elevated in tumours together with increased acidity. We therefore hypothesised that lactic acidosis may confer resistance to Akt inhibition. METHODS The effect of the pan-Akt inhibitor uprosertib (GSK2141795), on HCT116 and LS174T colon cancer cells was evaluated in the presence and absence of lactic acid in vitro. Expression of downstream Akt signalling proteins was determined using a phosphokinase array and immunoblotting. Metabolism was assessed using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, stable isotope labelling and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS Lactic acid-induced resistance to uprosertib was characterised by increased cell survival and reduced apoptosis. Uprosertib treatment reduced Akt signalling and glucose uptake irrespective of lactic acid supplementation. However, incorporation of lactate carbon and enhanced respiration was maintained in the presence of uprosertib and lactic acid. Inhibiting lactate transport or oxidative phosphorylation was sufficient to potentiate apoptosis in the presence of uprosertib. CONCLUSIONS Lactic acidosis confers resistance to uprosertib, which can be reversed by inhibiting lactate transport or oxidative metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M E Barnes
- Cancer Metabolism & Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Yitao Xu
- Cancer Metabolism & Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Adrian Benito
- Cancer Metabolism & Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Lili Herendi
- Cancer Metabolism & Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Alexandros P Siskos
- Cancer Metabolism & Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Eric O Aboagye
- Cancer Imaging Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Anke Nijhuis
- Cancer Metabolism & Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Hector C Keun
- Cancer Metabolism & Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK.
- Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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Wang G, Zhao L, Jiang Q, Sun Y, Zhao D, Sun M, He Z, Sun J, Wang Y. Intestinal OCTN2- and MCT1-targeted drug delivery to improve oral bioavailability. Asian J Pharm Sci 2020; 15:158-173. [PMID: 32256846 PMCID: PMC7118283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Various drug transporters are widely expressed throughout the intestine and play important roles in absorbing nutrients and drugs, thus providing high quality targets for the design of prodrugs or nanoparticles to facilitate oral drug delivery. In particular, intestinal carnitine/organic cation transporter 2 (OCTN2) and mono-carboxylate transporter protein 1 (MCT1) possess high transport capacities and complementary distributions. Therefore, we outline recent developments in transporter-targeted oral drug delivery with regard to the OCTN2 and MCT1 proteins in this review. First, basic information of the two transporters is reviewed, including their topological structures, characteristics and functions, expression and key features of their substrates. Furthermore, progress in transporter-targeting prodrugs and nanoparticles to increase oral drug delivery is discussed, including improvements in the oral absorption of anti-inflammatory drugs, antiepileptic drugs and anticancer drugs. Finally, the potential of a dual transporter-targeting strategy is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Zhuang Yao Medicine Center of Engineering and Technology, Guang Xi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Lichun Zhao
- Zhuang Yao Medicine Center of Engineering and Technology, Guang Xi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guang Xi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Qikun Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yixin Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Dongyang Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Mengchi Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhonggui He
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jin Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guang Xi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
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Uddin M, Kawami M, Yumoto R, Takano M. Effect of transforming growth factor-β1 on functional expression of monocarboxylate transporter 1 in alveolar epithelial A549 cells. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 393:889-896. [PMID: 31900520 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01802-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes to the development of severe lung diseases, such as pulmonary fibrosis. Recently, it has been reported that EMT involves complex metabolic reprogramming triggered by several factors including transforming growth factor (TGF-β1) and that monocarboxylate transporter (MCT1) plays an essential role in these metabolic changes. The aim of the present study was to clarify the functional expression of MCT1 during TGF-β1-induced EMT in alveolar epithelial A549 cells. The transport function of MCT1 in A549 cells was examined using [3H]γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and [3H] lactic acid (LA) as substrates and α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate (CHC), lactic acid, phloretin, and AR-C155858 (AR) as inhibitors of MCT1. EMT was induced by treating the cells with TGF-β1. mRNA and protein expression levels were analyzed using real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Time-, temperature-, and pH-dependent GHB and LA uptake were observed in A549 cells. CHC, lactic acid, phloretin, and AR significantly inhibited the uptake of GHB in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting that MCT1 is primarily responsible for transport of monocarboxylates such as GHB and LA in A549 cells. TGF-β1 treatment significantly enhanced GHB and LA uptake as well as the mRNA and protein expression levels of MCT1 in A549 cells. These changes were neutralized by co-treatment with SB431542, an inhibitor for the TGF-β1 signaling pathway. CHC and AR had no effect on TGF-β1-induced EMT-related gene expression changes. Here, we have clearly characterized functional expression of MCT1 in A549 cells and have shown that MCT1 may be upregulated via the TGF-β1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohi Uddin
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Masashi Kawami
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Ryoko Yumoto
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Mikihisa Takano
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
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Metabolic heterogeneity confers differences in melanoma metastatic potential. Nature 2020; 577:115-120. [PMID: 31853067 PMCID: PMC6930341 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1847-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis requires cancer cells to undergo metabolic changes that are poorly understood1-3. Here we show that metabolic differences among melanoma cells confer differences in metastatic potential as a result of differences in the function of the MCT1 transporter. In vivo isotope tracing analysis in patient-derived xenografts revealed differences in nutrient handling between efficiently and inefficiently metastasizing melanomas, with circulating lactate being a more prominent source of tumour lactate in efficient metastasizers. Efficient metastasizers had higher levels of MCT1, and inhibition of MCT1 reduced lactate uptake. MCT1 inhibition had little effect on the growth of primary subcutaneous tumours, but resulted in depletion of circulating melanoma cells and reduced the metastatic disease burden in patient-derived xenografts and in mouse melanomas. In addition, inhibition of MCT1 suppressed the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway and increased levels of reactive oxygen species. Antioxidants blocked the effects of MCT1 inhibition on metastasis. MCT1high and MCT1-/low cells from the same melanomas had similar capacities to form subcutaneous tumours, but MCT1high cells formed more metastases after intravenous injection. Metabolic differences among cancer cells thus confer differences in metastatic potential as metastasizing cells depend on MCT1 to manage oxidative stress.
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Becker HM. Carbonic anhydrase IX and acid transport in cancer. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:157-167. [PMID: 31819195 PMCID: PMC7051959 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0642-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in tumour metabolism and acid/base regulation result in the formation of a hostile environment, which fosters tumour growth and metastasis. Acid/base homoeostasis in cancer cells is governed by the concerted interplay between carbonic anhydrases (CAs) and various transport proteins, which either mediate proton extrusion or the shuttling of acid/base equivalents, such as bicarbonate and lactate, across the cell membrane. Accumulating evidence suggests that some of these transporters interact both directly and functionally with CAIX to form a protein complex coined the 'transport metabolon'. Transport metabolons formed between bicarbonate transporters and CAIX require CA catalytic activity and have a function in cancer cell migration and invasion. Another type of transport metabolon is formed by CAIX and monocarboxylate transporters. In this complex, CAIX functions as a proton antenna for the transporter, which drives the export of lactate and protons from the cell. Since CAIX is almost exclusively expressed in cancer cells, these transport metabolons might serve as promising targets to interfere with tumour pH regulation and energy metabolism. This review provides an overview of the current state of research on the function of CAIX in tumour acid/base transport and discusses how CAIX transport metabolons could be exploited in modern cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger M Becker
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, D-30559, Hannover, Germany.
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Sun Y, Sun J, He Z, Wang G, Wang Y, Zhao D, Wang Z, Luo C, Tian C, Jiang Q. Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 in Brain Diseases and Cancers. Curr Drug Metab 2019; 20:855-866. [DOI: 10.2174/1389200220666191021103018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 (MCT1), an important membrane transport protein, mediates
the translocation of monocarboxylates together with protons across biological membranes. Due to its pathological
significance, MCT1 plays an important role in the progression of some diseases, such as brain diseases and cancers.
Methods:
We summarize the general description of MCT1 and provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of
MCT1 in brain diseases and cancers. Furthermore, this review discusses the opportunities and challenges of MCT1-
targeting drug-delivery systems in the treatment of brain diseases and cancers.
Results:
In the brain, loss of MCT1 function is associated with pathologies of degeneration and injury of the nervous
system. In tumors, MCT1 regulates the activity of signaling pathways and controls the exchange of monocarboxylates
in aerobic glycolysis to affect tumor metabolism, proliferation and invasion. Meanwhile, MCT1 also acts as a
good biomarker for the prediction and diagnosis of cancer progressions.
Conclusion:
MCT1 is an attractive transporter in brain diseases and cancers. Moreover, the development of MCT1-
based small molecule drugs and MCT1 inhibitors in the clinic is promising. This review systematically summarizes
the basic characteristics of MCT1 and its role in brain diseases and cancers, laying the foundation for further research
on MCT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Dongyang Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhenjie Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Cong Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Chutong Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qikun Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Abstract
The transport of materials across membranes is a vital process for all aspects of cellular function, including growth, metabolism, and communication. Protein transporters are the molecular gates that control this movement and serve as key points of regulation for these processes, thus representing an attractive class of therapeutic targets. With more than 400 members, the solute carrier (SLC) membrane transport proteins are the largest family of transporters, yet, they are pharmacologically underexploited relative to other protein families and many of the available chemical tools possess suboptimal selectivity and efficacy. Fortuitously, there is increased interest in elucidating the physiological roles of SLCs as well as growing recognition of their therapeutic potential. This Perspective provides an overview of the SLC superfamily, including their biochemical and functional features, as well as their roles in various human diseases. In particular, we explore efforts and associated challenges toward drugging SLCs, as well as highlight opportunities for future drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Wei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Leandro Gallo
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Appaso Jadhav
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Richard Hawkins
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Christopher G Parker
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States.,Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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Pharmacokinetics of the Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 Inhibitor AZD3965 in Mice: Potential Enterohepatic Circulation and Target-Mediated Disposition. Pharm Res 2019; 37:5. [PMID: 31823112 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-019-2735-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK) of the monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) inhibitor AZD3965 in mice after IV and oral administration and to develop mechanistic PK models to assess the potential enterohepatic circulation (EHC) and target-mediated drug disposition (TMDD) of AZD3965. METHODS Female BALB/c mice were administered AZD3965 by IV injection (10, 50 and 100 mg/kg) or oral gavage (100 mg/kg). Plasma samples were analyzed using LC/MS/MS, and PK parameters determined by compartmental and non-compartmental analyses. RESULTS AZD3965 exhibited a large volume of distribution and rapid oral absorption, with a high oral bioavailability. Prominent reentry peaks were observed after both oral and IV administration, suggesting potential EHC of AZD3965 or of a potential glucuronide conjugate. The dose-dependent studies indicated greater than proportional increases in exposure, an increase in the terminal half-life, and decrease in clearance and volume of distribution with increasing IV doses, indicating nonlinear pharmacokinetics and potential TMDD of AZD3965. Mechanistic compartmental models were developed to characterize the complex pharmacokinetics of AZD3965. CONCLUSIONS The current study represents the first comprehensive report of the pharmacokinetics of AZD3965 in mice, indicating the potential contribution of EHC and TMDD in the disposition of AZD3965.
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CAIX forms a transport metabolon with monocarboxylate transporters in human breast cancer cells. Oncogene 2019; 39:1710-1723. [PMID: 31723238 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-1098-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells rely on glycolysis to meet their elevated demand for energy. Thereby they produce significant amounts of lactate and protons, which are exported via monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs), supporting the formation of an acidic microenvironment. The present study demonstrates that carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), one of the major acid/base regulators in cancer cells, forms a protein complex with MCT1 and MCT4 in tissue samples from human breast cancer patients, but not healthy breast tissue. Formation of this transport metabolon requires binding of CAIX to the Ig1 domain of the MCT1/4 chaperon CD147 and is required for CAIX-mediated facilitation of MCT1/4 activity. Application of an antibody, directed against the CD147-Ig1 domain, displaces CAIX from the transporter and suppresses CAIX-mediated facilitation of proton-coupled lactate transport. In cancer cells, this "metabolon disruption" results in a decrease in lactate transport, reduced glycolysis, and ultimately reduced cell proliferation. Taken together, the study shows that carbonic anhydrases form transport metabolons with acid/base transporters in human tumor tissue and that these interactions can be exploited to interfere with tumor metabolism and proliferation.
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Sheng Y, Jiang Q, Dong X, Liu J, Liu L, Wang H, Wang L, Li H, Yang X, Dong J. 3-Bromopyruvate inhibits the malignant phenotype of malignantly transformed macrophages and dendritic cells induced by glioma stem cells in the glioma microenvironment via miR-449a/MCT1. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 121:109610. [PMID: 31710894 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bromopyruvate (3-BrPA) is a glycolysis inhibitor that has been reported to have a strong anti-tumour effect in many human tumours. Several studies have reported that 3-BrPA could inhibit glioma progression; however, its role on the interstitial cells in the glioma microenvironment has not been investigated. In previous studies, we found that in the glioma microenvironment, glioma stem cells can induce the malignant transformation of macrophages and dendritic cells. In this study, we focused on the effects of 3-BrPA on malignantly transformed macrophages and dendritic cells. First, we found that 3-BrPA inhibited the proliferation of malignantly transformed macrophages and dendritic cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. Further study indicated that 3-BrPA significantly decreased extracellular lactate and inhibited the clone formation, migration and invasion of malignantly transformed macrophages and dendritic cells. Using an online database and a series of experiments, we demonstrated that 3-BrPA inhibits the malignant progression of malignantly transformed macrophages and dendritic cells via the miR-449a/MCT1 axis. These findings built experimental basis for new approach against glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Sheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Qianqian Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Xuchen Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Jiachi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Xuejun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215004, China.
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de la Cruz-López KG, Castro-Muñoz LJ, Reyes-Hernández DO, García-Carrancá A, Manzo-Merino J. Lactate in the Regulation of Tumor Microenvironment and Therapeutic Approaches. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1143. [PMID: 31737570 PMCID: PMC6839026 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 508] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells must generate sufficient ATP and biosynthetic precursors in order to maintain cell proliferation requirements. Otto Warburg showed that tumor cells uptake high amounts of glucose producing large volumes of lactate even in the presence of oxygen, this process is known as “Warburg effect or aerobic glycolysis.” As a consequence of such amounts of lactate there is an acidification of the extracellular pH in tumor microenvironment, ranging between 6.0 and 6.5. This acidosis favors processes such as metastasis, angiogenesis and more importantly, immunosuppression, which has been associated to a worse clinical prognosis. Thus, lactate should be thought as an important oncometabolite in the metabolic reprogramming of cancer. In this review, we summarized the role of lactate in regulating metabolic microenvironment of cancer and discuss its relevance in the up-regulation of the enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and monocarboxilate transporters (MCTs) in tumors. The goal of this review is to expose that lactate is not only a secondary product of cellular metabolic waste of tumor cells, but also a key molecule involved in carcinogenesis as well as in tumor immune evasion. Finally, the possible targeting of lactate production in cancer treatment is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen G de la Cruz-López
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico.,Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México/Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratory of Virus and Cancer, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Leonardo Josué Castro-Muñoz
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico.,Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México/Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Diego O Reyes-Hernández
- Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas, Odontológicas y de la Salud, Maestría en Investigación Clínica Experimental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.,Biological Cancer Causing Agents Group, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro García-Carrancá
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México/Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Laboratory of Virus and Cancer, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Joaquín Manzo-Merino
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México/Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Biological Cancer Causing Agents Group, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico.,Cátedras CONACyT-Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
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