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Quintana DS, Glaser BD, Kang H, Kildal ESM, Audunsdottir K, Sartorius AM, Barth C. The interplay of oxytocin and sex hormones. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 163:105765. [PMID: 38885888 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The neuropeptide oxytocin has historically been associated with reproduction and maternal behavior. However, more recent research has uncovered that oxytocin has a much wider range of roles in physiology and behavior. Despite the excitement surrounding potential therapeutical applications of intranasally administered oxytocin, the results of these intervention studies have been inconsistent. Various reasons for these mixed results have been proposed, which tend to focus on methodological issues, such as study design. While methodological issues are certainly important, emerging evidence suggests that the interaction between oxytocin and sex hormones may also account for these varied findings. To better understand the purpose and function of the interaction of oxytocin with sex hormones, with a focus on estrogens, progesterone, and testosterone, we conducted a comprehensive thematic review via four perspectives: evolutionary, developmental, mechanistic, and survival. Altogether, this synergistic approach highlights the critical function of sex hormone activity for accomplishing the diverse roles of oxytocin via the modulation of oxytocin release and oxytocin receptor activity, which is also likely to contribute to the heterogeneity of outcomes after oxytocin administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Quintana
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NevSom, Department of Rare Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Bernt D Glaser
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heemin Kang
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Emilie S M Kildal
- KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatry, Lovisenberg Diakonale Sykehus, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristin Audunsdottir
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Claudia Barth
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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2
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Raps M, Kleider C, Lehmann L. Quantitative analysis of 34 sex (pro)hormones, conjugates and bioactive oxidation products thereof in human plasma by GC- and LC-MS/MS and systematic investigation of overestimations of analyte concentrations not accounted for by method validation. Steroids 2024; 208:109441. [PMID: 38768743 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2024.109441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
When investigating endocrine disorders, it is essential to assess a comprehensive quantitative profile of sex (pro)hormones in plasma including conjugates. Thus, the present study aimed to develop and validate a comprehensive mass spectrometry-based multimethod combining the direct analysis of unconjugated sex (pro)hormones and oxidation products thereof (by GC), as well as their sulfates and glucuronides present in higher concentrations (by LC) with the indirect quantification of glucuronides present in lower concentrations after selective glucuronide hydrolysis (by GC) and its application to plasma derived from ten pre- and postmenopausal women and men each. Even guideline-compliant validation experiments cannot completely reflect overestimation of analyte concentrations due to effects depending on the individual ratio of analytes (i.e. chemical formation of analytes or incomplete removal of interfering analytes). Thus, the extent of processes not accounted for by the calibration strategy were investigated and maximum over- or underestimations of analyte concentrations were assessed for each plasma sample individually. 34 analytes were successfully calibrated, validated (median accuracy 101.1 %, median inter-day precision 8.1 %) and 31 were detected above the detection limit in plasma samples. The sporadic maximum individual over- or underestimation of analyte concentrations amounted to less than 20 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Raps
- University of Würzburg, Chair of Food Chemistry, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Carolin Kleider
- University of Würzburg, Chair of Food Chemistry, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Leane Lehmann
- University of Würzburg, Chair of Food Chemistry, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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Khampang P, Samuels TL, Blaine-Sauer S, Lucas J, Yan K, Johnston N, Kerschner JE. 17β-estradiol Attenuates the Middle Ear Inflammatory Response to Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:3815-3819. [PMID: 38401061 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES 17β-estradiol (E2) is a steroidal hormone with immunomodulatory functions that play a role in infectious and inflammatory diseases. E2 was recently identified as the leading upstream regulator of differentially expressed genes in a comparative RNA sequencing study of pediatric patients with otitis media (OM) versus OM-free counterparts and may therefore play a role in the inflammatory response to bacterial otopathogens during pediatric OM. This study examined the effect of E2 on bacterial-induced inflammatory cytokine expression in an in vitro pediatric OM model. METHODS An immortalized middle ear (ME) epithelial cell line, ROM-SV40, was developed from a pediatric recurrent OM patient. The culture was exposed to E2 at physiological levels for 1-48 h prior to 6 h-stimulation with nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) whole cell lysate. TNFA, IL1B, IL6, and IL8 were assayed by qPCR and ELISA. RESULTS E2 pretreatment (24 h) abrogated NTHi induction of IL6; a longer pretreatment (1-10 nM, 48 h) abrogated IL1B induction (p < 0.05). E2 pretreatment (5 nM, 48 h) abrogated NTHi-induced IL8 secretion (p = 0.017). CONCLUSION E2 pretreatment partially rescued NTHi-induced cytokine production by ME epithelia. These data support a role for E2 in moderating the excessive inflammatory response to middle ear infection that contributes to OM pathophysiology. LEVELS OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 134:3815-3819, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawjai Khampang
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.A
| | - Tina L Samuels
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.A
| | - Simon Blaine-Sauer
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.A
| | - Julliette Lucas
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.A
| | - Ke Yan
- Department of Pediatrics Quantitative Health Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.A
| | - Nikki Johnston
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.A
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.A
| | - Joseph E Kerschner
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.A
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.A
- Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.A
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4
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Frederiksen H, Johannsen TH, Andersen SE, Petersen JH, Busch AS, Ljubicic ML, Fischer MB, Upners EN, Hagen CP, Main KM, Aksglaede L, Jørgensen N, Lund Kårhus L, Linneberg A, Andersson AM, Flück CE, Juul A. Sex- and age-specific reference intervals of 16 steroid metabolites quantified simultaneously by LC-MS/MS in sera from 2458 healthy subjects aged 0 to 77 years. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 562:119852. [PMID: 38977173 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reference intervals covering the whole life span for all the metabolites in the steroid hormone biosynthesis quantified by sensitive and robust analytical methods are sparse or not existing. OBJECTIVE To develop a state-of-the-art LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of multiple steroid metabolites and to establish detailed sex- and age-specific reference intervals for 16 steroid metabolites. MATERIALS AND METHOD An isotope diluted LC-MS/MS method was developed for simultaneous quantitation of 16 steroid hormones. Serum samples from cross-sectional cohorts of healthy infants, children, adolescents, and adults aged 0.17 months to 77 years (n = 2458) were analysed. RESULTS With this novel, specific, and sensitive LC-MS/MS method, it was possible to quantify progesterone, 17-hydroxypregnenolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, androstenedione, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, 11-deoxycorticosterone, corticosterone, 11-deoxycortisol, cortisol, and cortisone in ≥90 % of the samples, while estrone sulfate, aldosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone were quantified in 77 %, 75 % and 60 % of the samples, respectively. 21-deoxycortisol was only detectable in 2.5 % of samples from healthy subjects. Sex- and age-dependent fluctuations observed in minipuberty, puberty and adulthood including the menopausal transition were modelled. This enabled us to establish valid reference intervals from birth to late adult life for both males and females. CONCLUSION Detailed sex- and age-specific reference intervals of multiple, simultaneously quantified steroid metabolites by a novel and specific LC-MS/MS method provides a valuable tool for clinical practice and for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Trine Holm Johannsen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine Ehlern Andersen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Holm Petersen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexander Siegfried Busch
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Lindhardt Ljubicic
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Margit Bistrup Fischer
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emmie N Upners
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Casper P Hagen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katharina M Main
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lise Aksglaede
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Jørgensen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Lund Kårhus
- Center for Clinical Research and Disease Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Denmark
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Disease Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna-Maria Andersson
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christa E Flück
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Martin TG, Leinwand LA. Hearts apart: sex differences in cardiac remodeling in health and disease. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e180074. [PMID: 38949027 PMCID: PMC11213513 DOI: 10.1172/jci180074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Biological sex is an important modifier of physiology and influences pathobiology in many diseases. While heart disease is the number one cause of death worldwide in both men and women, sex differences exist at the organ and cellular scales, affecting clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. In this Review, we highlight baseline sex differences in cardiac structure, function, and cellular signaling and discuss the contribution of sex hormones and chromosomes to these characteristics. The heart is a remarkably plastic organ and rapidly responds to physiological and pathological cues by modifying form and function. The nature and extent of cardiac remodeling in response to these stimuli are often dependent on biological sex. We discuss organ- and molecular-level sex differences in adaptive physiological remodeling and pathological cardiac remodeling from pressure and volume overload, ischemia, and genetic heart disease. Finally, we offer a perspective on key future directions for research into cardiac sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G. Martin
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Leslie A. Leinwand
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology and
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
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Huo Y, Wan Y, Li Y, Lan L, Chen S, Xu S, Xiong C, Xia W. Associations of pentachlorophenol exposure during pregnancy with maternal and infant reproductive hormones based on a birth cohort. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 932:172723. [PMID: 38670355 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Pentachlorophenol (PCP), a typical environmental endocrine disruptor and a new persistent organic pollutant, has been extensively used as a pesticide worldwide. Although its use has been restricted for decades, PCP remains prevalent in both the environment and human bodies. Despite the known endocrine-disrupting and exogenous hormonal effects of PCP, few epidemiological studies examined such impact, especially among sensitive populations and during critical periods. Based on a prospective birth cohort in Wuhan, China, we collected maternal (first trimester; 13.0 ± 1.02 gestational weeks) and infant urine samples (1.16 ± 0.22 months postpartum) from 720 mother-infant pairs. We aimed to examine the association of PCP exposure during early pregnancy with maternal and infant urinary sex steroid hormones, including estrogens (estrone, E1; estradiol, E2; estriol, E3), progestogens (progesterone, P4; pregnenolone, P5; 17α-OH-Progesterone, 17OHP4; 17α-OH-Pregnenolone, 17OHP5), and androgens (testosterone, Testo; dihydrotestosterone, DHT; dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEA; androstenedione, A4). Additionally, gonadotropins [follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)] were measured in infant urine. Detection frequencies of all the sex steroid hormones in the maternal urine samples (>99 %) were higher than those in the infants' [most ≥80 %, except for E1 (3.36 %) and E2 (21.4 %)]. Maternal urinary PCP concentration was found to be significantly related with increased maternal sex steroid hormone concentrations; each interquartile increase in PCP concentration was positively related with percent change of the hormones (%Δ) ranging from 26.6 % to 48.5 %. On the other hand, maternal PCP exposure was associated with significantly increased P4 in male infants [%Δ (95 % confidence interval): 10.5 (0.56, 21.4)] but slightly decreased P4 in female infants [-11.9 (-21.8, 0.68)]. In addition, maternal PCP exposure was significantly associated with decreased FSH [%Δ (95 % CI): -9.90 (-17.0, -2.18)] and LH [-8.44 (-16.0, -0.19)] in the female infants, but not in the male infants. Sensitivity analyses, excluding infertility related treatment, pregnancy complications, preterm birth, or low birth weight, showed generally consistent results. Our findings implied that maternal/prenatal PCP exposure might disrupt the homeostasis of maternal and infant reproductive hormones. However, further studies are needed to confirm the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitao Huo
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Yanjian Wan
- Center for Public Health Laboratory Service, Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei 430015, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Liwen Lan
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Silan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
| | - Chao Xiong
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430016, PR China.
| | - Wei Xia
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
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Leblanc PO, Breton Y, Léveillé F, Tessier PA, Pelletier M. The impact of the herbicide glyphosate and its metabolites AMPA and MPA on the metabolism and functions of human blood neutrophils and their sex-dependent effects on reactive oxygen species and CXCL8/IL-8 production. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118831. [PMID: 38580005 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Significant levels of glyphosate, the world's most widely used herbicide, and its primary metabolites, AMPA and MPA, are detected in various human organs and body fluids, including blood. Several studies have associated the presence of glyphosate in humans with health problems, and effects on immune cells and their functions have been reported. However, the impact of this molecule and its metabolites on neutrophils, the most abundant leukocytes in the human bloodstream, is still poorly documented. We isolated neutrophils from human donor blood and investigated the effects of exposure to glyphosate, AMPA, and MPA on viability, energy metabolism, and essential antimicrobial functions in vitro. We observed that neutrophil viability was unaffected at the blood-relevant average concentrations of the general population and exposed workers, as well as at higher intoxication concentrations. Neutrophil energy metabolism was also not altered following exposure to the chemicals. However, while phagocytosis was unaffected, reactive oxygen species generation and CXCL8/IL-8 production were altered by exposure to the molecules. Alterations in function following exposure to glyphosate and metabolites differed according to the sex of the donors, which could be linked to glyphosate's known role as an endocrine disruptor. While ROS generation was increased in both sexes, male neutrophils exposed to glyphosate had increased intracellular production of CXCL8/IL-8, with no effect on female neutrophils. Conversely, exposure to the metabolites AMPA and MPA decreased extracellular production of this chemokine only in female neutrophils, with MPA also increasing intracellular production in male cells exposed to the chemoattractant N-formyl-methionine-leucyl-phenylalanine. Our study highlights the effects of glyphosate and its metabolites on the antimicrobial functions of neutrophils, which could be associated with health problems as future studies provide a better understanding of the risks associated with glyphosate use. Advances in knowledge will enable better and potentially stricter regulations to protect the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier-Olivier Leblanc
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Yann Breton
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Florence Léveillé
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Philippe A Tessier
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada; Department of Microbiology-Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, 1050 Av. de la Médecine, Québec City, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Martin Pelletier
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada; Department of Microbiology-Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, 1050 Av. de la Médecine, Québec City, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
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8
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Gravholt CH, Andersen NH, Christin-Maitre S, Davis SM, Duijnhouwer A, Gawlik A, Maciel-Guerra AT, Gutmark-Little I, Fleischer K, Hong D, Klein KO, Prakash SK, Shankar RK, Sandberg DE, Sas TCJ, Skakkebæk A, Stochholm K, van der Velden JA, Backeljauw PF. Clinical practice guidelines for the care of girls and women with Turner syndrome. Eur J Endocrinol 2024; 190:G53-G151. [PMID: 38748847 DOI: 10.1093/ejendo/lvae050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Turner syndrome (TS) affects 50 per 100 000 females. TS affects multiple organs through all stages of life, necessitating multidisciplinary care. This guideline extends previous ones and includes important new advances, within diagnostics and genetics, estrogen treatment, fertility, co-morbidities, and neurocognition and neuropsychology. Exploratory meetings were held in 2021 in Europe and United States culminating with a consensus meeting in Aarhus, Denmark in June 2023. Prior to this, eight groups addressed important areas in TS care: (1) diagnosis and genetics, (2) growth, (3) puberty and estrogen treatment, (4) cardiovascular health, (5) transition, (6) fertility assessment, monitoring, and counselling, (7) health surveillance for comorbidities throughout the lifespan, and (8) neurocognition and its implications for mental health and well-being. Each group produced proposals for the present guidelines, which were meticulously discussed by the entire group. Four pertinent questions were submitted for formal GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) evaluation with systematic review of the literature. The guidelines project was initiated by the European Society for Endocrinology and the Pediatric Endocrine Society, in collaboration with members from the European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology, the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology, the European Reference Network on Rare Endocrine Conditions, the Society for Endocrinology, and the European Society of Cardiology, Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology, Australia and New Zealand Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Latin American Society for Pediatric Endocrinology, Arab Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, and the Asia Pacific Pediatric Endocrine Society. Advocacy groups appointed representatives for pre-meeting discussions and the consensus meeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus H Gravholt
- Department of Endocrinology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Niels H Andersen
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Sophie Christin-Maitre
- Endocrine and Reproductive Medicine Unit, Center of Rare Endocrine Diseases of Growth and Development (CMERCD), FIRENDO, Endo ERN Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Shanlee M Davis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
- eXtraOrdinarY Kids Clinic, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Anthonie Duijnhouwer
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Aneta Gawlik
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Andrea T Maciel-Guerra
- Area of Medical Genetics, Department of Translational Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, 13083-888 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iris Gutmark-Little
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, United States
| | - Kathrin Fleischer
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Nij Geertgen Center for Fertility, Ripseweg 9, 5424 SM Elsendorp, The Netherlands
| | - David Hong
- Division of Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, United States
| | - Karen O Klein
- Rady Children's Hospital, University of California, San Diego, CA 92123, United States
| | - Siddharth K Prakash
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Roopa Kanakatti Shankar
- Division of Endocrinology, Children's National Hospital, The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20010, United States
| | - David E Sandberg
- Susan B. Meister Child Health Evaluation and Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2800, United States
- Division of Pediatric Psychology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2800, United States
| | - Theo C J Sas
- Department the Pediatric Endocrinology, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam 3015 CN, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre for Pediatric and Adult Diabetes Care and Research, Rotterdam 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Skakkebæk
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Kirstine Stochholm
- Department of Endocrinology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- Center for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Janielle A van der Velden
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Radboud University Medical Center, Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe F Backeljauw
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, United States
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9
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Borgert CJ, Burgoon LD, Matthews JC. The physiological and biochemical basis of potency thresholds modeled using human estrogen receptor alpha: implications for identifying endocrine disruptors. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:1795-1807. [PMID: 38704805 PMCID: PMC11106131 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03723-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The endocrine system functions by interactions between ligands and receptors. Ligands exhibit potency for binding to and interacting with receptors. Potency is the product of affinity and efficacy. Potency and physiological concentration determine the ability of a ligand to produce physiological effects. The kinetic behavior of ligand-receptor interactions conforms to the laws of mass action. The laws of mass action define the relationship between the affinity of a ligand and the fraction of cognate receptors that it occupies at any physiological concentration. We previously identified the minimum ligand potency required to produce clinically observable estrogenic agonist effects via the human estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα). By examining data on botanical estrogens and dietary supplements, we demonstrated that ERα ligands with potency lower than one one-thousandth that of the primary endogenous hormone 17β-estradiol (E2) do not produce clinically observable estrogenic effects. This allowed us to propose a Human-Relevant Potency Threshold (HRPT) for ERα ligands of 1 × 10-4 relative to E2. Here, we test the hypothesis that the HRPT for ERα arises from the receptor occupancy by the normal metabolic milieu of endogenous ERα ligands. The metabolic milieu comprises precursors to hormones, metabolites of hormones, and other normal products of metabolism. We have calculated fractional receptor occupancies for ERα ligands with potencies below and above the previously established HRPT when normal circulating levels of some endogenous ERα ligands and E2 were also present. Fractional receptor occupancy calculations showed that individual ERα ligands with potencies more than tenfold higher than the HRPT can compete for occupancy at ERα against individual components of the endogenous metabolic milieu and against mixtures of those components at concentrations found naturally in human blood. Ligands with potencies less than tenfold higher than the HRPT were unable to compete successfully for ERα. These results show that the HRPT for ERα agonism (10-4 relative to E2) proposed previously is quite conservative and should be considered strong evidence against the potential for disruption of the estrogenic pathway. For chemicals with potency 10-3 of E2, the potential for estrogenic endocrine disruption must be considered equivocal and subject to the presence of corroborative evidence. Most importantly, this work demonstrates that the endogenous metabolic milieu is responsible for the observed ERα agonist HRPT, that this HRPT applies also to ERα antagonists, and it provides a compelling mechanistic explanation for the HRPT that is grounded in basic principles of molecular kinetics using well characterized properties and concentrations of endogenous components of normal metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Borgert
- Applied Pharmacology and Toxicology, Inc. and CEHT, Univ. FL College of Vet. Med., Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | | | - John C Matthews
- University of Mississippi School of Pharmacy, University, MS, USA
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10
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Coelingh Bennink HJT, Prowse A, Egberts JFM, Debruyne FMJ, Huhtaniemi IT, Tombal B. The Loss of Estradiol by Androgen Deprivation in Prostate Cancer Patients Shows the Importance of Estrogens in Males. J Endocr Soc 2024; 8:bvae107. [PMID: 38883397 PMCID: PMC11177789 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvae107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of estradiol (E2; an estrogen) in men needs to be more appreciated. In this review, we address the clinical situations that allow the study of the clinical consequences of E2 deficiency in men and discuss the effects of restoration of levels of this reproductive steroid hormone. In men with advanced prostate cancer (PCa) undergoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), E2 is suppressed along with testosterone, leading to side effects affecting the quality of life. These include hot flashes, arthralgia, fatigue, mood changes, cognition problems, weight gain, bone loss, and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Transdermal E2 alone for ADT has shown equivalent testosterone suppression compared to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists while also preventing estrogen-deficiency side effects, including hot flashes and bone loss. Co-treatment of ADT with fetal estrogen estetrol (E4) has shown significant improvements of estrogen-deficiency symptoms. These observations emphasize the need to raise awareness of the importance of estrogens in men among clinicians and the lay public.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda Prowse
- Terminal 4 Communications, 1217 SK Hilversum, The Netherlands
| | - Jan F M Egberts
- Terminal 4 Communications, 1217 SK Hilversum, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ilpo T Huhtaniemi
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Bertrand Tombal
- Division of Urology, University Clinic Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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11
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Kulle AE, Caliebe A, Lamprecht T, Reinehr T, Simic-Schleicher G, Schulz E, Kleber M, Rothermel J, Heger S, Hiort O, Holterhus PM. New liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry reference data for estradiol show mini-puberty in both sexes and typical pre-pubertal and pubertal patterns. Eur J Endocrinol 2024; 190:401-408. [PMID: 38652605 DOI: 10.1093/ejendo/lvae046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Reliable estradiol (E2) reference intervals (RIs) are crucial in pediatric endocrinology. OBJECTIVES This study aims to develop a sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatographic tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for E2 in serum, to establish graphically represented RI percentiles and annual RIs for both sexes, and to perform a systematic literature comparison. METHODS First, a UPLC-MS/MS method for E2 was developed. Second, graphically represented RI percentiles and annual RIs covering 0-18 years were computed (cohort of healthy children [1181 girls and 543 boys]). Subsequently, RIs were compared with published data by systematic searches. RESULTS Lower limit of quantification was 11 pmol/L, indicating high sensitivity. Estradiol first peaked during mini-puberty in both sexes (girls up to 192 pmol/L; boys up to 225 pmol/L). As could be expected, girls showed higher pubertal E2 (up to 638 pmol/L). However, boys' RIs (up to 259 pmol/L) overlapped considerably. We found 4 studies in the literature that also used LC-MS/MS to determine E2 and published RIs for the complete pediatric age range. Reference intervals varied considerably. Pre-pubertal and pubertal phases were present in all studies. Higher E2 during the time of mini-puberty in both sexes was documented in 3 studies including ours. CONCLUSIONS Variability of RIs for E2 between studies illustrates the importance of laboratory-specific RIs despite using a LC-MS/MS reference method. In boys, the striking E2 peak during mini-puberty as well as high pubertal E2 without phenotypic estrogenization in regular male puberty indicates that the role of E2 in children and, especially in boys, requires better functional understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E Kulle
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Children and Adolescent Medicine I, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel/Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Amke Caliebe
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel/Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Tabea Lamprecht
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Children and Adolescent Medicine I, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel/Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Reinehr
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Medicine, Vestische Hospital for Children and Adolescents Datteln, University of Witten/Herdecke, D-45711 Datteln, Germany
| | | | - Esther Schulz
- Pediatric Endocrinology, AKK Altonaer Kinderkrankenhaus GmbH, D-22763 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michaela Kleber
- Department for Children's Endocrinology and Diabetology, MVZ Katholisches Klinikum gGmbH, Children's Hospital, D-44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Juliane Rothermel
- Department for Children's Endocrinology and Diabetology, MVZ Katholisches Klinikum gGmbH, Children's Hospital, D-44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Sabine Heger
- Children's Hospital Auf der Bult, D-30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Olaf Hiort
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, University-Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck/University of Lübeck, D-23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Paul-Martin Holterhus
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Children and Adolescent Medicine I, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel/Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
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12
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Kvam JM, Nybo ML, Torz L, Sustarsic RK, Jensen KHR, Nielsen JE, Frederiksen H, Gadgaard S, Spiess K, Poulsen SS, Thomsen JS, Cowin P, Blomberg Jensen M, Kurita T, Rosenkilde MM. High incidence of imperforate vagina in ADGRA3-deficient mice. BMC Biol 2024; 22:77. [PMID: 38589878 PMCID: PMC11003089 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01873-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ten percent of the female population suffers from congenital abnormalities of the vagina, uterus, or oviducts, with severe consequences for reproductive and psychological health. Yet, the underlying causes of most of these malformations remain largely unknown. ADGRA3 (GPR125) is involved in WNT signaling and planar cell polarity, mechanisms vital to female reproductive tract development. Although ADGRA3 is a well-established spermatogonial stem cell marker, its role within the female urogenital system remains unclear. RESULTS In this study, we found Adgra3 to be expressed throughout the murine female urogenital system, with higher expression pre-puberty than after sexual maturation. We generated a global Adgra3-/- mouse line and observed imperforate vagina in 44% of Adgra3-/- females, resulting in distension of the reproductive tract and infertility. Ovarian morphology, plasma estradiol, ovarian Cyp19a1, and vaginal estrogen receptor α (Esr1) expression were unaffected. However, compared to controls, a significantly lower bone mineral density was found in Adgra3-/- mice. Whereas vaginal opening in mice is an estrogen-dependent process, 17β-estradiol treatment failed to induce vaginal canalization in Adgra3-/- mice. Furthermore, a marked reduction in vaginal and ovarian progesterone receptor expression was observed concomitant with an upregulation of apoptotic regulators Bcl2, Bid, and Bmf in adult Adgra3-/- females with a closed vagina. CONCLUSIONS Our collective results shed new insights into the complex mechanisms by which the adhesion receptor ADGRA3 regulates distal vaginal tissue remodeling during vaginal canalization via altered sex hormone responsiveness and balance in apoptotic regulators. This highlights the potential of ADGRA3 as a target in diagnostic screening and/or therapy for obstructive vaginal malformations in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jone Marita Kvam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maja Lind Nybo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lola Torz
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Riia Karolina Sustarsic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristian Høj Reveles Jensen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - John Erik Nielsen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sarina Gadgaard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Bainan Biotech, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katja Spiess
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steen Seier Poulsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Pamela Cowin
- Departments of Cell Biology and Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin Blomberg Jensen
- Group of Skeletal, Mineral and Gonadal Endocrinology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Division of Translational Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Takeshi Kurita
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mette Marie Rosenkilde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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13
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Cerrato A, Aita SE, Cavaliere C, Laganà A, Montone CM, Piovesana S, Taglioni E, Capriotti AL. Preparation of Monolith for Online Extraction and LC-MS Analysis of β-Estradiol in Serum Via a Simple Multicomponent Reaction. Anal Chem 2024; 96:4639-4646. [PMID: 38501258 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Multicomponent reactions offer efficient and environmentally friendly strategies for preparing monoliths suitable for applications in analytical chemistry. In the described study, a multicomponent reaction was utilized for the one-pot miniaturized preparation of a poly(propargyl amine) polymer inside commercial silica-lined PEEK tubing. The reaction involved only small amounts of reagents and was characterized by atom economy. The resulting monolithic column was incorporated into an autosampler system for the online extraction and cleanup of β-estradiol from human serum. Sample pretreatment was simplified to a simple dilution with methanol and centrifugation to remove proteins. The resulting platform included LC-MS analysis in multiple reaction monitoring for quantitative analysis of β-estradiol. The method was validated in serum, demonstrating practical applicability for the monitoring of fertile women. Recoveries were above 94%, and LOD and LOQ values at 0.008 and 0.18 ng mL-1, respectively. The developed platform proved to be competitive with previous methods for solid-phase microextraction of β-estradiol in serum, with comparable recovery and sensitivity but with the advantage of nearly complete automation. The environmental impact of the process was evaluated as acceptable due to the miniaturization of the monolith synthesis and the automation of extraction. The drawback associated with the LC-MS technique can be reduced by the inclusion of additional analytes in a single investigation. The work demonstrates that multicomponent reactions are versatile, economical, and possibly a green methodology for producing reversed-phase and mixed-mode sorbents, enabling miniaturization of the entire analytical procedure from the preparation of extraction sorbents to analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cerrato
- Department of Chemistry, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Elsa Aita
- Department of Chemistry, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Cavaliere
- Department of Chemistry, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Laganà
- Department of Chemistry, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Carmela Maria Montone
- Department of Chemistry, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Susy Piovesana
- Department of Chemistry, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Taglioni
- Department of Chemistry, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Laura Capriotti
- Department of Chemistry, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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14
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Pape M, Miyagi M, Ritz SA, Boulicault M, Richardson SS, Maney DL. Sex contextualism in laboratory research: Enhancing rigor and precision in the study of sex-related variables. Cell 2024; 187:1316-1326. [PMID: 38490173 PMCID: PMC11219044 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Understanding sex-related variation in health and illness requires rigorous and precise approaches to revealing underlying mechanisms. A first step is to recognize that sex is not in and of itself a causal mechanism; rather, it is a classification system comprising a set of categories, usually assigned according to a range of varying traits. Moving beyond sex as a system of classification to working with concrete and measurable sex-related variables is necessary for precision. Whether and how these sex-related variables matter-and what patterns of difference they contribute to-will vary in context-specific ways. Second, when researchers incorporate these sex-related variables into research designs, rigorous analytical methods are needed to allow strongly supported conclusions. Third, the interpretation and reporting of sex-related variation require care to ensure that basic and preclinical research advance health equity for all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Pape
- Institute of Social Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Miriam Miyagi
- Center for Computational Molecular Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Stacey A Ritz
- Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Marion Boulicault
- Department of Philosophy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Sarah S Richardson
- Department of the History of Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Committee on Degrees in Studies of Women, Gender, and Sexuality, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Donna L Maney
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Harvard-Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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15
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Cao J, Chen XY. Stable and reproducible MIP-ECL sensors for ultra-sensitive and accurate quantitative detection of Estrone. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1329129. [PMID: 38405376 PMCID: PMC10893587 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1329129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Estrone (E1), as an endogenous estrogen, has a variety of physiological functions in human body and is of great significance to human health. On the other hand, it is a widely distributed and highly disturbing environmental endocrine disruptor in water. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a sensitive, rapid, and inexpensive method for the on-site determination of E1, which is not only for clinical diagnosis and treatment, but also for the investigation and monitoring of endogenous estrogen pollution in environmental water. In this study, Ru(bpy)3 2+/MWCNTs/Nafion/gold electrodes were prepared by surface electrostatic adsorption and ion exchange. A molecularly imprinted membrane (MIP) with the capability to recognize E1 molecules was prepared by sol-gel method, and the electrodes were modified with MIP to form an electrochemical luminescence sensor (MIP-ECL). This method simultaneously possesses ECL's advantage of high sensitivity and MIP's advantage of high selectivity. Moreover, the addition of carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-COOH) improved the functionalization of the gold electrode surface and increased the binding sites of MIP. Meanwhile, the good conductivity of MWCNTs promoted electron transfer and further improved the sensitivity of the sensor. The sensor showed a wide linear interval in which the E1 concentrations can range from 0.1 μg/L to 200 μg/L, along with a high linear correlation coefficient (R 2 = 0.999). The linear regression equation of the sensor was Y = 243.64x-79.989, and the detection limit (LOD) was 0.0047 μg/L. To validate our sensor, actual samples were also measured by the reference method (LC-MS/MS), and it was found that the relative deviation of quantitative results of the two different methods was less than 4.1%. This indicates that the quantitative results obtained by this sensor are accurate and can be used for rapid in situ determination of E1 in clinical samples and environmental water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cao
- Scientific Research and Experiment Center, Fujian Police College, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou University Postdoctoral Research Station of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian ShiMing Judicial Expertise Center, Fujian Police College, Fuzhou, China
- Regional Counter-Terrorism Research Centre, Fujian Police College, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Chen
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
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16
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Ankarberg-Lindgren C, Becker C, Svala E, Ryberg H. Methodological considerations in determining sex steroids in children: comparison of conventional immunoassays with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 62:85-96. [PMID: 37540832 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-0344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In laboratory medicine, external quality assessment (EQA) schemes have become versatile tools for detecting analytical flaws. However, EQA schemes are lacking for pediatric sex steroid levels. We aimed to investigate the suitability of different estradiol and testosterone immunoassays in a pediatric setting in comparison with clinical liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assays. METHODS The study was conducted by staff and the advisory group on endocrinology at Equalis, the Swedish provider of EQA schemes for laboratory medicine. The test material consisted of five pooled serum samples from children who were either prepubertal or in puberty. Clinical laboratories enrolled in Equalis EQA schemes for estradiol and testosterone were invited to participate, as were clinical laboratories using LC-MS/MS-assays. Samples were analyzed by either routine immunoassays (n=18) or in-house LC-MS/MS assays (n=3). RESULTS For estradiol, LC-MS/MS assays showed a high degree of conformity with interlaboratory coefficients of variation (CV) below 24.2 %. Reported levels were between 4.9 ± 1.2 and 33.9 ± 1.6 pmol/L (group mean ± standard deviation). The direct immunoassays had lower precision; their CVs were up to 81.4 %. Reported concentrations were between 25.3 ± 18.1 and 45.7 ± 19.4 pmol/L, an overestimation compared to LC-MS/MS. Testosterone LC-MS/MS also showed a high degree of conformity, CVs were below 13.4 %, and reported concentrations were from 0.06 ± 0.00 to 1.00 ± 0.11 nmol/L. The direct immunoassays had a larger discrepancy between results; CVs were up to 95.8 %. Concentrations were between 0.12 ± 0.11 and 0.85 ± 0.23 nmol/L. CONCLUSIONS For the safe diagnosis and determination of sex steroids in children, analysis with mass spectrometry-based methods is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Ankarberg-Lindgren
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Becker
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, University and Regional Laboratories Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Henrik Ryberg
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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17
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Miyano M, LaBarge MA. ELF5: A Molecular Clock for Breast Aging and Cancer Susceptibility. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:431. [PMID: 38275872 PMCID: PMC10813895 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is predominantly an age-related disease, with aging serving as the most significant risk factor, compounded by germline mutations in high-risk genes like BRCA1/2. Aging induces architectural changes in breast tissue, particularly affecting luminal epithelial cells by diminishing lineage-specific molecular profiles and adopting myoepithelial-like characteristics. ELF5 is an important transcription factor for both normal breast and breast cancer development. This review focuses on the role of ELF5 in normal breast development, its altered expression throughout aging, and its implications in cancer. It discusses the lineage-specific expression of ELF5, its regulatory mechanisms, and its potential as a biomarker for breast-specific biological age and cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Miyano
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Center for Cancer and Aging, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Mark A. LaBarge
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Center for Cancer and Aging, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers Research, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, Norway
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18
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Malik S, Park CHJ, Kim JH. Age-specific sex effects in extinction of conditioned fear in rodents. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1298164. [PMID: 38161359 PMCID: PMC10756678 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1298164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sajida Malik
- School of Medicine, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Chun Hui J. Park
- School of Medicine, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Jee Hyun Kim
- School of Medicine, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Krantz MF, Frederiksen H, Hjorthøj C, Søndergaard A, Brandt JM, Rohd SB, Veddum L, Steffensen NL, Knudsen CB, Andreasen AK, Hemager N, Burton BK, Gregersen M, Greve AN, Ohland J, Bliksted V, Mors O, Thorup AA, Juul A, Nordentoft M. Pubertal timing, sex hormone levels, and associations between early life adversity and accelerated development amongst 11-year-old children of parents with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and controls: The Danish high risk and Resilience study via 11. COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY 2023; 16:100204. [PMID: 37664528 PMCID: PMC10470414 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Children of parents with severe mental illness have several known risk factors for altered pubertal timing. Pubertal timing is important for children's physical and emotional development. We aimed to examine pubertal timing and associations between pubertal timing, early life adversity and child problem behavior including psychiatric diagnoses among children of parents with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and controls. Methods Self-reported Tanner stage (mean age 11.9, range 10.87-12.67), sex hormone levels, home environment, placement out of home, and problem behavior including psychiatric diagnoses of children at familial high-risk (FHR) of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ), bipolar disorder (FHR-BP) and population-based controls (PBC) were assessed. Results A total of 465 children participated in the study (Tanner assessment N = 417, sex hormones N = 293). Assessed with self-reported Tanner, no difference in pubertal timing was found between groups (p = 0.09). Hormone levels did not differ between groups except for inhibin B (mean (SD) = 55.86 (29.13) pg/mL for FHR-SZ girls vs 84.98 (47.98) pg/mL) for PBC girls (p < 0.001)) and for follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) (mean (SD) = 5.82 (1.45) U/L for FHR-BP girls vs 4.54 (1.68) U/L for PBC girls (p < 0.001)). FHR children who were placed out of home (17 children, 3.8% of participants) had higher Tanner stages than those living at home (p < 0.001). Timing was not associated with level of problem behavior or psychiatric diagnoses. Conclusions FHR children did not differ from controls in pubertal timing. Early life adversity assessed as placement out of home may be associated with accelerated pubertal timing among children of parents with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Falkenberg Krantz
- CORE- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carsten Hjorthøj
- CORE- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Søndergaard
- CORE- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julie Marie Brandt
- CORE- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sinnika Birkehøj Rohd
- CORE- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
| | - Lotte Veddum
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
- The Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Services, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Nanna Lawaetz Steffensen
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
- The Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Services, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Christina Bruun Knudsen
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
- The Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Services, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Anna Krogh Andreasen
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
- The Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Services, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Nicoline Hemager
- CORE- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
- Research Unit at Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Klee Burton
- Research Unit at Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
| | - Maja Gregersen
- CORE- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
| | - Aja Neergaard Greve
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
- The Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Services, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Jessica Ohland
- CORE- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Bliksted
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
- The Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Services, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
- The Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Services, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Anne A.E. Thorup
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Research Unit at Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- CORE- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- iPSYCH -The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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20
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Pacheco JHL, Elizondo G. Interplay between Estrogen, Kynurenine, and AHR Pathways: An immunosuppressive axis with therapeutic potential for breast cancer treatment. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 217:115804. [PMID: 37716620 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women worldwide. Estrogen exposure via endogenous and exogenous sources during a lifetime, together with environmental exposure to estrogenic compounds, represent the most significant risk factor for breast cancer development. As breast tumors establish, multiple pathways are deregulated. Among them is the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling pathway. AHR, a ligand-activated transcription factor associated with the metabolism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and estrogens, is overexpressed in breast cancer. Furthermore, AHR and estrogen receptor (ER) cross-talk pathways have been observed. Additionally, the Tryptophan (Trp) catabolizing enzymes indolamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) are overexpressed in breast cancer. IDO/TDO catalyzes the formation of Kynurenine (KYN) and other tryptophan-derived metabolites, which are ligands of AHR. Once KYN activates AHR, it stimulates the expression of the IDO enzyme, increases the level of KYN, and activates non-canonical pathways to control inflammation and immunosuppression in breast tumors. The interplay between E2, AHR, and IDO/TDO/KYN pathways and their impact on the immune system represents an immunosuppressive axis on breast cancer. The potential modulation of the immunosuppressive E2-AHR-IDO/TDO/KYN axis has aroused great expectations in oncotherapy. The present article will review the mechanisms implicated in generating the immunosuppressive axis E2-AHR-IDO/TDO/KYN in breast cancer and the current state of knowledge as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guillermo Elizondo
- Departamento de Biología Celular, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, C.P. 07360 Ciudad de México, México.
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21
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Williams JS, Fattori MR, Honeyborne IR, Ritz SA. Considering hormones as sex- and gender-related factors in biomedical research: Challenging false dichotomies and embracing complexity. Horm Behav 2023; 156:105442. [PMID: 37913648 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2023.105442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The inclusion of sex and gender considerations in biomedicine has been increasing in light of calls from research and funding agencies, governmental bodies, and advocacy groups to direct research attention to these issues. Although the inclusion of both female and male participants is often an important element, overreliance on a female-male binary tends to oversimplify the interactions between sex- and gender-related factors and health, and runs a risk of being influenced by cultural stereotypes about sex and gender. When biomedical researchers are examining how hormones associated with gender and sex may influence pathways of interest, it is of crucial importance to approach this work with a critical lens on the rhetoric used, and in ways that acknowledge the complexity of hormone physiology. Here, we document the ways in which discourses around sex, gender and hormones shape our scientific thinking and practice in biomedical research, and review how the existing scientific knowledge about hormones reflects a complex and dynamic reality that is often not reflected outside of specialist niches of hormone biology. Where biomedical scientists take up sex- and gender-associated hormones as a way of addressing sex and gender considerations, it is valuable for us to bring a critical lens to the rhetoric and discourses used, to employ a sex contextualist approach in designing experimentation, and be rigorous and reflexive about the approaches used in analysis and interpretation of data. These strategies will allow us to design experimentation that goes beyond binaries, and grapples more directly with the material intricacies of sex, gender, and hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle R Fattori
- Health Sciences Education Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Isabella R Honeyborne
- Bachelor of Health Sciences (Honours) Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stacey A Ritz
- Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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22
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Barrett ES, Sharghi S, Thurston SW, Sobolewski Terry M, Loftus CT, Karr CJ, Nguyen RH, Swan SH, Sathyanarayana S. Associations of Exposure to Air Pollution during the Male Programming Window and Mini-Puberty with Anogenital Distance and Penile Width at Birth and at 1 Year of Age in the Multicenter U.S. TIDES Cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:117001. [PMID: 37966231 PMCID: PMC10648757 DOI: 10.1289/ehp12627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ambient air pollution may be a developmental endocrine disruptor. In animal models, gestational and perinatal exposure to diesel exhaust and concentrated particulate matter alters anogenital distance (AGD), a marker of prenatal androgen activity, in both sexes. Little is known in humans. OBJECTIVES We examined exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) in relation to human AGD at birth and at 1 year of age, focusing on exposures during critical windows of reproductive development: the male programming window (MPW; gestational weeks 8-14) and mini-puberty (postnatal months 1-3). METHODS The Infant Development and Environment Study (TIDES) recruited first trimester pregnant women (n = 687 ) at four U.S. sites (Minneapolis, Minnesota; Rochester, New York; San Francisco, California; and Seattle, Washington) from 2010 to 2012. We measured anus to clitoris (AGD-AC) and anus to fourchette (AGD-AF) in female infants at birth; in males, we measured anus to penis (AGD-AP), anus to scrotum (AGD-AS), and penile width at birth and at 1 year of age. Using advanced spatiotemporal models, we estimated maternal exposure to PM 2.5 and NO 2 in the MPW and mini-puberty. Covariate-adjusted, sex-stratified linear regression models examined associations between PM 2.5 and NO 2 and AGD. RESULTS In males, a 1 - μ g / m 3 increase in PM 2.5 exposure during the MPW was associated with shorter AGD at birth, but a longer AGD at 1 year of age (e.g., birth AGD-AP: β = - 0.35 mm ; 95% CI: - 0.62 , - 0.07 ; AGD-AS: β = 0.37 mm ; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.73). Mini-pubertal PM 2.5 exposure was also associated with shorter male AGD-AP (β = - 0.50 mm ; 95% CI: - 0.89 , - 0.11 ) at 1 year of age. Although not associated with male AGD measures, 1 -ppb increases in NO 2 exposure during the MPW (β = - 0.07 mm ; 95% CI: - 0.02 , - 0.12 ) and mini-puberty (β = - 0.04 mm ; 95% CI: - 0.08 , 0.01) were both associated with smaller penile width at 1 year of age. Results were similar in multipollutant models, where we also observed that in females AGD-AC was inversely associated with PM 2.5 exposure, but positively associated with NO 2 exposure. DISCUSSION PM 2.5 and NO 2 exposures during critical pre- and postnatal windows may disrupt reproductive development. More work is needed to confirm these novel results and clarify mechanisms. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12627.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily S. Barrett
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Sima Sharghi
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Sally W. Thurston
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Marissa Sobolewski Terry
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Christine T. Loftus
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Catherine J. Karr
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ruby H.N. Nguyen
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Shanna H. Swan
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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23
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Jiao Y, Li H, Wang H, Feng Q, Gao Y. Proximity hybridization regulated dual-mode ratiometric biosensor for estriol detection in pregnancy serum. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1278:341689. [PMID: 37709442 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive and accurate determination of estriol level is vastly significant for the fetal growth and development. Herein, we constructed a dual-mode ratiometric biosensor for estriol assay combining the competitive immunoreaction, proximity hybridization with a two-step resonance energy transfer (RET) strategy. Estriol antibody and goat anti-rabbit antibody labeled DNA probes (Ab1-DNA1-Pt NPs and Ab2-DNA2) both hybridized with silver nanoclusters labeled DNA strands (H1-Ag NCs). Thus, the formed proximity hybridization enabled the occurrence of fluorescence RET (FL-RET, as the primary RET) between Ag NCs (donor) and Pt NPs (acceptor), quenching FL intensity of Ag NCs (FL off). When target estriol existed, the competitive reaction of Ab1-DNA1-Pt NPs with estriol and Ab2-DNA2 avoided the proximity hybridization. Then, the estriol-dependent H1-Ag NCs quenched electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emission of CdS quantum dots (CdS QDs, ECL off), generating ECL-RET (as the second RET). Consequently, according to the reverse changes of FL and ECL responses, this sensor realized the quantification of estriol from 1 to 100 ng/mL. Moreover, satisfactory results were achieved while testing estriol in pregnancy serum specimens, suggesting that the system is promising for potential application in samples analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, 199 Jiefang Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongyuan Li
- Department of Radiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, 199 Jiefang Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Neurology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, 199 Jiefang Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Qiumei Feng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
| | - Yongguang Gao
- Department of Radiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, 199 Jiefang Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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24
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Bobotis BC, Braniff O, Gargus M, Akinluyi ET, Awogbindin IO, Tremblay MÈ. Sex differences of microglia in the healthy brain from embryonic development to adulthood and across lifestyle influences. Brain Res Bull 2023; 202:110752. [PMID: 37652267 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Microglia, the central nervous system innate immune cells, play a critical role in maintaining a homeostatic environment in the brain throughout life. These cells exhibit an impressive range of functions and characteristics that help to ensure proper functioning of the brain. Notably, microglia can present differences in their genetic and physical traits, which can be influenced by a range of factors, including age, environmental exposures, disease, and sex. Remarkably, microglia have been found to express receptors for sex hormones, suggesting that these hormones may play a role in modulating microglial behavior and potentially contribute to sex differences. Additionally, sex-chromosomal factors were shown to impact microglial genetics and functioning. In this review, we will examine how microglial responses in homeostasis are impacted by their interaction with sex hormones and sex chromosomes. Specifically, our investigation will focus on examining this interaction from embryonic development to adulthood, and the influence of lifestyle elements on various microglial features, including density and distribution, morphology, transcriptome, and proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olivia Braniff
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Makenna Gargus
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Toyin Akinluyi
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoluwa Oluleke Awogbindin
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada; Neuroimmunology Group, Molecular Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada; Neurosciences Axis, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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25
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Di Meo A, Yazdanpanah M, Higgins V, Nichols M, Bohn MK, Tan A, Zainab S, Sepiashvili L, Adeli K. Highly sensitive tandem mass spectrometric measurement of serum estradiol without derivatization and pediatric reference intervals in children and adolescents. Clin Chem Lab Med 2023; 61:1820-1828. [PMID: 37036784 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-1231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Monitoring estradiol (E2) is important for determining the onset of pubertal development as well as in the evaluation of girls with precocious puberty. However, E2 measurement remains an analytical challenge in children, who have lower circulating levels. We developed and evaluated a simple and sensitive LC-MS/MS procedure for serum E2 quantification in pediatric populations and established age- and sex-specific pediatric reference intervals. METHODS Residual patient serum samples were used to evaluate the analytical performance of our in-house LC-MS/MS E2 assay. The evaluation included accuracy, precision, linearity, functional sensitivity (LLoQ), and method comparison. Age- and sex-specific pediatric E2 reference intervals were also established from a cohort of 405 healthy children (birth to 18 years) recruited with informed consent. Age- and sex-specific differences were assessed, and outliers were removed. Reference intervals were established using the robust method. RESULTS The assay imprecision was <5.3 %. Assay linearity ranged from 13.7 to 1923.3 pmol/L. The LLoQ corresponding to a CV of 20 % was determined to be 8.9 pmol/L. Bland-Altman analysis revealed a mean bias of 29.3 pmol/L or 9.1 % between our LC-MS/MS E2 assay and an external reference laboratory measuring E2 by LC-MS/MS. CONCLUSIONS Our LC-MS/MS E2 assay shows acceptable accuracy, precision, functional sensitivity (LLoQ), and linearity for E2 quantification. Our LC-MS/MS E2 assay also showed good agreement with an external reference laboratory measuring E2 by LC-MS/MS. In addition, using CALIPER samples, we established robust age- and sex-specific pediatric E2 reference intervals to improve accuracy of test result interpretation and clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Di Meo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mehrdad Yazdanpanah
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Victoria Higgins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew Nichols
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mary Kathryn Bohn
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Agnes Tan
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shazina Zainab
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lusia Sepiashvili
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Khosrow Adeli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
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26
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López Krabbe HV, Holm Petersen J, Asserhøj LL, Johannsen TH, Christiansen P, Jensen RB, Cleemann LH, Hagen CP, Priskorn L, Jørgensen N, Main KM, Juul A, Aksglaede L. Reproductive hormones, bone mineral content, body composition, and testosterone therapy in boys and adolescents with Klinefelter syndrome. Endocr Connect 2023; 12:e230031. [PMID: 37010084 PMCID: PMC10305500 DOI: 10.1530/ec-23-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Adult patients with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) are characterized by a highly variable phenotype, including tall stature, obesity, and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, as well as an increased risk of developing insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and osteoporosis. Most adults need testosterone replacement therapy (TRT), whereas the use of TRT during puberty has been debated. In this retrospective, observational study, reproductive hormones and whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry-derived body composition and bone mineral content were standardized to age-related standard deviation scores in 62 patients with KS aged 5.9-20.6 years. Serum concentrations of total testosterone and inhibin B were low, whereas luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone were high in patients before TRT. Despite normal body mass index, body fat percentage and the ratio between android fat percentage and gynoid fat percentage were significantly higher in the entire group irrespective of treatment status. In patients evaluated before and during TRT, a tendency toward a more beneficial body composition with a significant reduction in the ratio between android fat percentage and gynoid fat percentage during TRT was found. Bone mineral content (BMC) did not differ from the reference, but BMC corrected for bone area was significantly lower when compared to the reference. This study confirms that patients with KS have an unfavorable body composition and an impaired bone mineral status already during childhood and adolescence. Systematic studies are needed to evaluate whether TRT during puberty will improve these parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Valdemar López Krabbe
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Holm Petersen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Section of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise Laub Asserhøj
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Fertility, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trine Holm Johannsen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Christiansen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Beck Jensen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Hartvig Cleemann
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Casper P Hagen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lærke Priskorn
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Jørgensen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katharina M Main
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lise Aksglaede
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Reimann B, Sleurs H, Dockx Y, Rasking L, De Boever P, Pirard C, Charlier C, Nawrot TS, Plusquin M. Exposure to endocrine disrupters and cardiometabolic health effects in preschool children: Urinary parabens are associated with wider retinal venular vessels. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 328:138570. [PMID: 37019399 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Parabens are widely used as antimicrobial preservatives in personal care products. Studies investigating obesogenic or cardiovascular effects of parabens show discordant results, while data on preschool children are lacking. Paraben exposure during early childhood could have profound cardiometabolic effects later in life. METHODS In this cross-sectional study paraben concentrations [methyl (MeP), ethyl (EtP), propyl (PrP), butyl (BuP)] were measured by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry in 300 urinary samples of 4-6-year-old children of the ENVIRONAGE birth cohort. Paraben values below the limit of quantitation (LOQ) were imputed by censored likelihood multiple imputation. The associations between log-transformed paraben values and cardiometabolic measurements (BMI z-scores, waist circumference, blood pressure and retinal microvasculature) were analyzed in multiple linear regression models with a priori selected covariates. Effect modification by sex was investigated by including interaction terms. RESULTS Geometric means (geometric SD) of urinary MeP, EtP, and PrP levels above the LOQ were 32.60 (6.64), 1.26 (3.45), and 4.82 (4.11) μg/L, respectively. For BuP more than 96% of all measurements were below the LOQ. Regarding the microvasculature, we found direct associations between MeP and central retinal venular equivalent (β = 1.23, p = 0.039) and PrP with the retinal tortuosity index (x103)(β = 1.75, p = 0.0044). Furthermore, we identified inverse associations between MeP and ∑parabens with BMI z-scores (β = -0.067, p = 0.015 and β = -0.070, p = 0.014 respectively), and EtP with mean arterial pressure (β = -0.69, p = 0.048). The direction of association between EtP and BMI z-scores showed evidence for sex-specific differences with a direct trend in boys (β = 0.10, p = 0.060). CONCLUSIONS Already at young age paraben exposure is associated with potentially adverse changes in the retinal microvasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Reimann
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Hanne Sleurs
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Yinthe Dockx
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Leen Rasking
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Patrick De Boever
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Health Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Mol, Belgium
| | - Catherine Pirard
- Laboratory of Clinical, Forensic and Environmental Toxicology, CHU of Liege, B35, 4000, Liege, Belgium; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liege (ULg), CHU, (B35), 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Corinne Charlier
- Laboratory of Clinical, Forensic and Environmental Toxicology, CHU of Liege, B35, 4000, Liege, Belgium; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liege (ULg), CHU, (B35), 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium; Department of Public Health, Environment & Health Unit, Leuven University (KU Leuven), 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.
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Chin HB, Krall JR, Goldberg M, Stanczyk FZ, Darge K, Stallings VA, Rogan WJ, Umbach DM, Baird DD. Early Life Anti-Müllerian Hormone Trajectories in Infant Girls. Epidemiology 2023; 34:568-575. [PMID: 36943795 PMCID: PMC10238655 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minipuberty is a period of increased reproductive axis activity in infancy, but the importance of this period is not well understood, especially in girls. Previous studies reported a peak in hormone concentrations at 3 to 4 months old. Our objective is to describe anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) trajectories in the context of other minipuberty factors among healthy infant girls using longitudinal measures of AMH. METHODS The Infant Feeding and Early Development study is a longitudinal cohort study of healthy infants, recruited from hospitals in the Philadelphia area during 2010 to 2013. We measured AMH in 153 girls who contributed 1366 serum samples across 11 study visits over 36 weeks. We also measured follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, and ovarian characteristics. We used latent class mixed effects models to cluster trajectories of AMH concentration with age. Using linear mixed models, we estimated FSH and ovarian characteristic trajectories separately by AMH cluster. RESULTS We classified infants into four clusters that represent patterns of AMH that were high and decreasing (decreasing), had a peak around 12 weeks or 20 weeks (early peak and middle peak), or were consistently low (low). Infants in these clusters differed in their FSH trajectories, timing of estradiol production, and ovarian characteristics. CONCLUSIONS The AMH clusters identified suggest variation in the timing and the magnitude of the minipuberty response in infant girls. The decreasing and low clusters have not been described previously and should be further evaluated to determine whether they represent an opportunity for the early identification of later reproductive conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen B. Chin
- Department of Global and Community Health, College of Public Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA
| | - Jenna R. Krall
- Department of Global and Community Health, College of Public Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA
| | - Mandy Goldberg
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Frank Z. Stanczyk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kassa Darge
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Radiology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Virginia A. Stallings
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Walter J. Rogan
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - David M. Umbach
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Donna D. Baird
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC
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29
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Hagen CP, Fischer MB, Mola G, Mikkelsen TB, Cleemann LH, Gravholt CH, Viuff MH, Juul A, Pedersen AT, Main KM. AMH and other markers of ovarian function in patients with Turner syndrome - a single center experience of transition from pediatric to gynecological follow up. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1173600. [PMID: 37455919 PMCID: PMC10339808 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1173600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Turner syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal disorder that affects about 1 in 2500 female births and is characterized by the partial or complete absence of the second X chromosome. Depending on karyotype, TS is associated with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). Approximately 50% of girls with a mosaic 45, X/46, XX karyotype may enter puberty spontaneously, but only 5-10% of women with TS achieve pregnancy without egg donation. In this review, we will evaluate the clinical use of markers of ovarian function in TS patients. Based on longitudinal studies of serum concentrations of reproductive hormones as well as ovarian morphology in healthy females and patients with TS, we will evaluate how they can be applied in a clinical setting. This is important when counseling patients and their families about future ovarian function essential for pubertal development and fertility. Furthermore, we will report on 20 years of experience of transition from pediatric to gynecological and adult endocrinological care in our center at Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casper P. Hagen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - Margit Bistrup Fischer
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - Gylli Mola
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - Theis Bech Mikkelsen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - Line Hartvig Cleemann
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | - Claus Højbjerg Gravholt
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mette H. Viuff
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anette Tønnes Pedersen
- Department of Gynecology, The Fertility Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katharina Maria Main
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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30
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Madsen A, Juul A, Aksglaede L. Biochemical identification of prepubertal boys with Klinefelter syndrome by combined reproductive hormone profiling using machine learning. Endocr Connect 2023; 12:e220537. [PMID: 36892968 PMCID: PMC10160564 DOI: 10.1530/ec-22-0537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is the most common sex chromosome disorder and genetic cause of infertility in males. A highly variable phenotype contributes to the fact that a large proportion of cases are never diagnosed. Typical hallmarks in adults include small testes and azoospermia which may prompt biochemical evaluation that typically shows extremely high follicle-stimulating hormone and low/undetectable inhibin B serum concentrations. However, in prepubertal KS individuals, biochemical parameters are largely overlapping those of prepubertal controls. We aimed to characterize clinical profiles of prepubertal boys with KS in relation to controls and to develop a novel biochemical classification model to identify KS before puberty. Methods Retrospective, longitudinal data from 15 prepubertal boys with KS and data from 1475 controls were used to calculate age- and sex-adjusted standard deviation scores (SDS) for height and serum concentrations of reproductive hormones and used to infer a decision tree classification model for KS. Results Individual reproductive hormones were low but within reference ranges and did not discriminate KS from controls. Clinical and biochemical profiles including age- and sex-adjusted SDS from multiple reference curves provided input data to train a 'random forest' machine learning (ML) model for the detection of KS. Applied to unseen data, the ML model achieved a classification accuracy of 78% (95% CI, 61-94%). Conclusions Supervised ML applied to clinically relevant variables enabled computational classification of control and KS profiles. The application of age- and sex-adjusted SDS provided robust predictions irrespective of age. Specialized ML models applied to combined reproductive hormone concentrations may be useful diagnostic tools to improve the identification of prepubertal boys with KS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Madsen
- Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lise Aksglaede
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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31
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Lærkeholm Müller M, Busch AS, Ljubicic ML, Upners EN, Fischer MB, Hagen CP, Albrethsen J, Frederiksen H, Juul A, Andersson AM. Urinary concentration of phthalates and bisphenol A during minipuberty is associated with reproductive hormone concentrations in infant boys. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023; 250:114166. [PMID: 37058994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transient postnatal activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal hormone axis is termed minipuberty and considered an important developmental period, which is highly sensitive to endocrine disruption. Here, we explore exposure-outcome associations during minipuberty between concentrations of potentially endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in urine of infant boys and their serum reproductive hormone concentrations. METHODS In total, 36 boys participating in the COPENHAGEN Minipuberty Study had data available for both urine biomarkers of target endocrine disrupting chemicals and reproductive hormones in serum from samples collected on the same day. Serum concentrations of reproductive hormones were measured by immunoassays or by LC-MS/MS. Urinary concentrations of metabolites of 39 non-persisting chemicals, including phthalates and phenolic compounds, were measured by LC-MS/MS. Nineteen chemicals had concentrations above the limit of detection in ≥50% of children and were included in data analysis. Associations of urinary phthalate metabolite and phenol concentrations (in tertiles) with hormone outcomes (age- and sex-specific SD-scores) were analysed by linear regression. Primarily, we focused on the EU regulated phthalates; butylbenzyl phthalate (BBzP), di-iso-butyl phthalate (DiBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) as well as bisphenol A (BPA). Urinary metabolites of DiBP, DnBP and DEHP were summed and expressed as ∑DiBPm, ∑DnBPm and ∑DEHPm. RESULTS Compared to boys in the lowest ∑DnBPm tertile, urinary concentration of ∑DnBPm was associated with concurrent higher luteinizing hormone (LH) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) SD-scores as well as lower testosterone/LH ratio in boys in the middle ∑DnBPm tertile (estimates (CI 95%) 0.79 (0.04; 1.54), 0.91 (0.13; 1.68), and -0.88 (-1.58;-0.19), respectively). Further, higher insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) SD-scores and lower DHEAS SD-score in boys in the highest ∑DnBPm tertile (0.91 (0.12; 1.70) and -0.85 (-1.51;-0.18), respectively) were observed. In addition, boys in the middle and highest ∑DEHPm tertile had higher LH (1.07 (0.35; 1.79) and 0.71 (-0.01; 1.43), respectively) and in the highest ∑DEHPm tertile also higher AMH (0.85 (0.10; 1.61)) concentration SD-scores, respectively. Boys in the highest BPA tertile had significantly higher AMH and lower DHEAS concentration compared to boys in the lowest BPA tertile (1.28 (0.54; 2.02) and -0.73 (-1.45; -0.01)), respectively. DISCUSSION Our findings indicate that exposure to chemicals with known or suspected endocrine disrupting potential, especially the EU-regulated DnBP, DEHP and BPA, may modify male reproductive hormone concentrations in infant boys suggesting that minipuberty is a critical window sensitive to endocrine disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Lærkeholm Müller
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexander Siegfried Busch
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; University of Münster, Department of General Pediatrics, Münster, Germany
| | - Marie Lindhardt Ljubicic
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emmie N Upners
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Margit B Fischer
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Casper P Hagen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob Albrethsen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna-Maria Andersson
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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32
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Pauly V, Vlcek J, Zhang Z, Hesse N, Xia R, Bauer J, Loy S, Schneider S, Renner S, Wolf E, Kääb S, Schüttler D, Tomsits P, Clauss S. Effects of Sex on the Susceptibility for Atrial Fibrillation in Pigs with Ischemic Heart Failure. Cells 2023; 12:cells12070973. [PMID: 37048048 PMCID: PMC10093477 DOI: 10.3390/cells12070973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent arrhythmia, often caused by myocardial ischemia/infarction (MI). Men have a 1.5× higher prevalence of AF, whereas women show a higher risk for new onset AF after MI. However, the underlying mechanisms of how sex affects AF pathophysiology are largely unknown. In 72 pigs with/without ischemic heart failure (IHF) we investigated the impact of sex on ischemia-induced proarrhythmic atrial remodeling and the susceptibility for AF. Electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrophysiological studies were conducted to assess electrical remodeling; histological analyses were performed to assess atrial fibrosis in male and female pigs. IHF pigs of both sexes showed a significantly increased vulnerability for AF, but in male pigs more and longer episodes were observed. Unchanged conduction properties but enhanced left atrial fibrosis indicated structural rather than electrical remodeling underlying AF susceptibility. Sex differences were only observed in controls with female pigs showing an increased intrinsic heart rate, a prolonged QRS interval and a prolonged sinus node recovery time. In sum, susceptibility for AF is significantly increased both in male and female pigs with ischemic heart failure. Differences between males and females are moderate, including more and longer AF episodes in male pigs and sinus node dysfunction in female pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Pauly
- Grosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Marchioninistrasse 68, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Vlcek
- Grosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Marchioninistrasse 68, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- Grosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Marchioninistrasse 68, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Nora Hesse
- Grosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Marchioninistrasse 68, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ruibing Xia
- Grosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Marchioninistrasse 68, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Bauer
- Grosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Marchioninistrasse 68, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Loy
- Grosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Marchioninistrasse 68, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Schneider
- Grosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Marchioninistrasse 68, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Renner
- Interfaculty Center for Endocrine and Cardiovascular Disease Network Modelling and Clinical Transfer (ICONLMU), LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 19, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Center for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Hackerstrasse 27, D-85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Interfaculty Center for Endocrine and Cardiovascular Disease Network Modelling and Clinical Transfer (ICONLMU), LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 19, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Center for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Hackerstrasse 27, D-85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, Grosshadern Campus, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Stasse 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Kääb
- Grosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Interfaculty Center for Endocrine and Cardiovascular Disease Network Modelling and Clinical Transfer (ICONLMU), LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 19, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Schüttler
- Grosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Marchioninistrasse 68, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Tomsits
- Grosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Marchioninistrasse 68, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Clauss
- Grosshadern Campus, Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich Heart Alliance, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Surgical Research at the Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, LMU Munich, Marchioninistrasse 68, D-81377 Munich, Germany
- Interfaculty Center for Endocrine and Cardiovascular Disease Network Modelling and Clinical Transfer (ICONLMU), LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 19, D-81377 Munich, Germany
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DHEA and Its Metabolites Reduce the Cytokines Involved in the Inflammatory Response and Fibrosis in Primary Biliary Cholangitis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065301. [PMID: 36982376 PMCID: PMC10049419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is an abundant steroid and precursor of sex hormones. During aging, the reduction in DHEA synthesis causes a significant depletion of estrogens and androgens in different organs, such as the ovaries, brain, and liver. Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC) is a cholestatic liver disease that begins with immune-mediated bile duct damage, and is followed by liver fibrosis, and finally, cirrhosis. PBC primarily affects postmenopausal women, with an average age of diagnosis of 65 years, but younger women are also affected. Here, we analyzed the levels of DHEA, estradiol (E2), and estriol (E3) in the PBC sera of females at an age of diagnosis under 40 (n = 37) and above 65 (n = 29). Our results indicate that in PBC patients at an age of diagnosis under 40, E2 was significantly lower compared to that in healthy women. In contrast, the levels of DHEA and E3 were in a normal range. Furthermore, ELISA assays revealed that in PBC patients at an age of diagnosis above 65, the levels of DHEA, E2, and E3 significantly declined in comparison to those in younger patients. In addition, flow cytometry analysis showed that the level of IL-8 significantly decreased while the level of TNF-α increased in older PBC patients compared to younger ones. Moreover, we showed for the first time that the sulfonated form of DHEA, DHEA-S, reduces the levels of both pro-inflammatory interleukins, IL-8 and TNF-α, in PBC-like cholangiocytes (H69-miR506), while it diminishes the level of the pro-fibrotic interleukin, IL-13, in hepatocytes (Hep-G2). Finally, we demonstrated that the expression of the pro-fibrotic agent TGF-β significantly increased in both the early (F0–F3) and cirrhotic (F4) stages of PBC, and this elevation was accompanied by higher α-SMA expression.
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Won EJ, Yi A, Ko YJ, Kim S, Kang SH, Park G, Jang SJ. Establishment of Korean Pediatric Reference Intervals for Estradiol using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Clin Biochem 2023; 113:52-58. [PMID: 36627011 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) is a reliable and accurate method for measuring steroid hormone levels. There is an increasing need for sensitive and precise methods to measure estradiol in pediatric patients. Here, we established reference intervals for estradiol in healthy children using a UHPLC-MS/MS-based method for the first time in South Korea. METHODS Serum estradiol was measured using a Sciex Triple QuadTM 6500 + UHPLC-MS/MS (Sciex, Framingham, MA, USA). Reference intervals for estradiol were established according to the CLSI document EP28-A3c:2008. The reference intervals were validated using serum samples from 634 pediatric patients, including neonates, children, and adolescents. Among them, 389 specimens were used in analysis of the specimen acceptance time. Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc (MedCalc, Ostend, Belgium) and Analyse-it (Analyse-it Software Ltd., Leeds, United Kingdom) software. RESULTS Reference intervals for boys (n = 297) were <16.6, <7.3, <19.0, <30.5, 7.6-96.5, and 10.6-134.4 pmol/L among those aged <1, 1-5, 6-9, 10-11, 12-14, and 15-17 years, respectively. Reference intervals for girls (n = 337) were <114.7, <24.2, <34.8, 8.0-177.0, 10.4-480.5, and 9.1-486.7 pmol/L among those aged <1, 1-5, 6-9, 10-11, 12-14, and 15-17 years, respectively. Overall, there was no effect of specimen acceptance time on estradiol measurements in boys or girls, except for that in the group aged 10-11 years. CONCLUSIONS The reference intervals for healthy children were validated using a UHPLC-MS/MS-based method. The highly analytical sensitive UHPLC-MS/MS method may be useful for estradiol determination in pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jeong Won
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, South Korea
| | - Ahram Yi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Green Cross Laboratories (GC Labs), Yongin, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Young Jin Ko
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea.
| | - Serim Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Green Cross Laboratories (GC Labs), Yongin, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Geon Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Sook-Jin Jang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
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35
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Söderqvist G, Naessén S. Androgens impact on psychopathological variables according to CPRS, and EDI 2 scores: In women with bulimia nervosa, and eating disorder not otherwise specified. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 226:106217. [PMID: 36368624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2022.106217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bulimia nervosa (BN) is characterized by binge eating, compensatory behavior, over-evaluation of weight and shape, which often co-occur with symptoms of anxiety and depression. Depression is the most common comorbid diagnosis in women with eating disorders. The role of androgens in the pathophysiology of depression has been recognized in recent years. However, the research on psychopathological comorbidity and androgen levels in bulimic disease is sparse. This study aimed to investigate, if there were any correlations between the androgens, testosterone (T), dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), androstenedione (A4), 5α-dihydrotestosterone, (5α-DHT), and test scores of psychopathological variables, in women with bulimia nervosa (BN), eating disorder not otherwise specified of purging subtype (EDNOS-P) assessed by CPRS, and EDI 2. Women with DSM-IV diagnosis of BN (n = 36), EDNOS-P (n = 27), and healthy control subjects (n = 58) evaluated for fifteen psychopathological variables, i.a. depressive symptoms, impulsivity, personal traits, as well as serum androgen levels. All women were euthyroid, and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) diagnosis was excluded. Although androgen levels were almost equal for all three groups, significant correlations between core psychopathological symptoms (9/15) of bulimia nervosa and the most potent endogenous androgen, 5α-DHT, was found only in the EDNOS-P group. The role of 5α-DHT in women is not fully elucidated. Both animal and human studies have shown that the brain is able to locally synthesize steroids de novo and is a target of steroid hormones. Maybe these results can be interpreted in the light of differences in androgen receptor variability, metabolism and origin of T and 5α-DHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Söderqvist
- Department of Women's, and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sabine Naessén
- Department of Women's, and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Nybo ML, Kvam JM, Nielsen JE, Frederiksen H, Spiess K, Jensen KHR, Gadgaard S, Walser ALS, Thomsen JS, Cowin P, Juul A, Jensen MB, Rosenkilde M. Loss of Adgra3 causes obstructive azoospermia with high penetrance in male mice. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22781. [PMID: 36688818 PMCID: PMC10107928 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200762rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The adhesion receptor ADGRA3 (GPR125) is a known spermatogonial stem cell marker, but its impact on male reproduction and fertility has not been examined. Using a mouse model lacking Adgra3 (Adgra3-/- ), we show that 55% of the male mice are infertile from puberty despite having normal spermatogenesis and epididymal sperm count. Instead, male mice lacking Adgra3 exhibited decreased estrogen receptor alpha expression and transient dilation of the epididymis. Combined with an increased estradiol production, this indicates a post-pubertal hormonal imbalance and fluid retention. Dye injection revealed a blockage between the ejaculatory duct and the urethra, which is rare in mice suffering from infertility, thereby mimicking the etiologies of obstructive azoospermia found in human male infertility. To summarize, male reproductive tract development is dependent on ADGRA3 function that in concert with estrogen signaling may influence fluid handling during sperm maturation and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja L. Nybo
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Jone M. Kvam
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - John E. Nielsen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC)Copenhagen University Hospital – RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC)Copenhagen University Hospital – RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Katja Spiess
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Kristian H. R. Jensen
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Sarina Gadgaard
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Bainan BiotechCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Anna L. S. Walser
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | | | - Pamela Cowin
- Department of Cell BiologyNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of DermatologyNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC)Copenhagen University Hospital – RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Martin Blomberg Jensen
- Group of Skeletal, Mineral and Gonadal Endocrinology, Department of Growth and ReproductionCopenhagen University Hospital – RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
- Division of Bone and Mineral Research, HSDM/HMSHarvard UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Mette M. Rosenkilde
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
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Barendse MEA, Lara GA, Guyer AE, Swartz JR, Taylor SL, Shirtcliff EA, Lamb ST, Miller C, Ng J, Yu G, Tully LM. Sex and pubertal influences on the neurodevelopmental underpinnings of schizophrenia: A case for longitudinal research on adolescents. Schizophr Res 2023; 252:231-241. [PMID: 36682313 PMCID: PMC10725041 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Sex is a significant source of heterogeneity in schizophrenia, with more negative symptoms in males and more affective symptoms and internalizing comorbidity in females. In this narrative review, we argue that there are likely sex differences in the pathophysiological mechanisms of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SZ) that originate during puberty and relate to the sex-specific impacts of pubertal maturation on brain development. Pubertal maturation might also trigger underlying (genetic or other) vulnerabilities in at-risk individuals, influencing brain development trajectories that contribute to the emergence of SZ. This review is the first to integrate links between pubertal development and neural development with cognitive neuroscience research in SZ to form and evaluate these hypotheses, with a focus on the frontal-striatal and frontal-limbic networks and their hypothesized contribution to negative and mood symptoms respectively. To test these hypotheses, longitudinal research with human adolescents is needed that examines the role of sex and pubertal development using large cohorts or high risk samples. We provide recommendations for such studies, which will integrate the fields of psychiatry, developmental cognitive neuroscience, and developmental endocrinology towards a more nuanced understanding of the role of pubertal factors in the hypothesized sex-specific pathophysiological mechanisms of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E A Barendse
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, CA, USA
| | - G A Lara
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, CA, USA
| | - A E Guyer
- Department of Human Ecology, UC Davis, CA, USA; Center for Mind and Brain, UC Davis, CA, USA
| | - J R Swartz
- Center for Mind and Brain, UC Davis, CA, USA
| | - S L Taylor
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, UC Davis, CA, USA
| | - E A Shirtcliff
- Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - S T Lamb
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, CA, USA
| | - C Miller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, CA, USA
| | - J Ng
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, CA, USA
| | - G Yu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, CA, USA
| | - L M Tully
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UC Davis, CA, USA.
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Devillers MM, François CM, Chester M, Corre R, Cluzet V, Giton F, Cohen-Tannoudji J, Guigon CJ. Androgen receptor signaling regulates follicular growth and steroidogenesis in interaction with gonadotropins in the ovary during mini-puberty in mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1130681. [PMID: 37152943 PMCID: PMC10154677 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1130681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In females, androgens contribute to ovarian diseases such as polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), but their action is also crucial for ovarian physiology, i.e., follicular growth and estradiol (E2) synthesis during reproductive life, in interaction with the gonadotropins LH and FSH. However, it is unclear whether androgens already play a role in the ovary at mini-puberty, a phase of postnatal development with active follicular growth and high E2 levels. Therefore, we analyzed the potential actions of androgens on the ovary and their possible interaction with gonadotropins during this period in mice. We used molecular-based studies and pharmacological approaches in vivo and on cultured ovaries. We found that mini-pubertal ovaries produce significant amounts of testosterone and display androgen receptor (AR) expression in growing follicles, both under the control of LH. By blocking AR signaling either in vivo or in ovarian cultures, we found that this pathway may participate in the regulation of prepubertal E2 synthesis and follicular growth, possibly by regulating the expression of a number of key intra-ovarian regulators, including FSH receptor (Fshr), the aromatase enzyme converting androgens into estrogens (Cyp19a1) and the cell cycle inhibitor p27KIP1 (Cdkn1b). We further showed that AR may stimulate FSH-mediated regulation of Cyp19a1 through its action on Fshr mRNA abundance. Overall, this work supports the idea that AR signaling is already activated in mini-pubertal ovaries to regulate E2 synthesis and follicular growth, at the interplay with LH and FSH signaling. Its early action may, thus, contribute to the implementation of early ovarian function with possible impacts on reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie M. Devillers
- Université Paris-Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Charlotte M. François
- Université Paris-Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Chester
- Université Paris-Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Corre
- Université Paris-Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Victoria Cluzet
- Université Paris-Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Frank Giton
- AP-HP, Pôle biologie-Pathologie Henri Mondor, Inserm IMRB U955, Créteil, France
| | - Joëlle Cohen-Tannoudji
- Université Paris-Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Céline J. Guigon
- Université Paris-Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Céline J. Guigon,
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Pan M, Zhou J, Pan X, Wang J, Qi Q, Wang L. Drugs for the treatment of postmenopausal symptoms: Hormonal and non-hormonal therapy. Life Sci 2022; 312:121255. [PMID: 36470539 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Postmenopausal symptoms are systemic symptoms associated with estrogen deficiency after menopause. At present, treatments for postmenopausal symptoms include hormonal therapy (HT) and non-HT. However, the optimal regimen for balancing the benefits and risks remains unclear. This article reviewed the characteristics, regimens, and side effects of drugs used in hormonal and non-HT. However, HT is still the most effective treatment with safety in early initiation since menopause onset. Nevertheless, it is essential to evaluate the risks of related chronic diseases and customize individualized treatments. Possible estetrol preparations and more types of Tissue Selective Estrogen Complex formulations are potential directions of drug development in the future of HT. Regarding non-HT, fezolinetant, currently in phase III clinical trials, is poised to become a first-in-class therapy for vasomotor symptoms. Ospemifene, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and vaginal lasers can also be used for moderate-to-severe genitourinary syndrome of menopause. Recent data suggest a superior efficacy and safety of vaginal lasers, but more validated evidence of long-term tolerability is needed to respond to the United States Food and Drug Administration warning. Herbal medication commonly used in Asia is effective in alleviating menopausal symptoms; however, its adverse effects still require more detailed reports and standardized observation methods. This review contributes to a better understanding of drugs for the treatment of postmenopausal symptoms and provides useful information for clinical drug selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijun Pan
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyao Pan
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Qi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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40
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Devillers MM, Mhaouty-Kodja S, Guigon CJ. Deciphering the Roles & Regulation of Estradiol Signaling during Female Mini-Puberty: Insights from Mouse Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213695. [PMID: 36430167 PMCID: PMC9693133 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mini-puberty of infancy is a short developmental phase occurring in humans and other mammals after birth. In females, it corresponds to transient and robust activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis revealed by high levels of gonadotropin hormones, follicular growth, and increased estradiol production by the ovary. The roles of estradiol signaling during this intriguing developmental phase are not yet well known, but accumulating data support the idea that it aids in the implementation of reproductive function. This review aims to provide in-depth information on HPO activity during this particular developmental phase in several mammal species, including humans, and to propose emerging hypotheses on the putative effect of estradiol signaling on the development and function of organs involved in female reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie M. Devillers
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université de Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative UMR 8251, Physiologie de l’Axe Gonadotrope U1133, CEDEX 13, 75205 Paris, France
| | - Sakina Mhaouty-Kodja
- Neuroscience Paris Seine—Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 8246, INSERM U1130, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Céline J. Guigon
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université de Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative UMR 8251, Physiologie de l’Axe Gonadotrope U1133, CEDEX 13, 75205 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
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41
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Dalgaard LB, Oxfeldt M, Dam TV, Hansen M. Intramuscular sex steroid hormones are reduced after resistance training in postmenopausal women, but not affected by estrogen therapy. Steroids 2022; 186:109087. [PMID: 35809683 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.109087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Animal and human studies suggest that low concentrations of circulating sex steroid hormones play a critical role in the accelerated loss of muscle mass and strength after menopause. The skeletal muscle can produce sex steroid hormones locally, however, their presence and regulation remain mostly elusive. The purpose of this study was to examine sex steroid hormone concentrations in skeletal muscle biopsies from postmenopausal women before and after 12-weeks of resistance training with (n = 15) or without (n = 16) estrogen therapy, and after acute exercise. Furthermore, associations between circulating sex hormones, intramuscular sex steroid hormones and muscle parameters related to muscle strength, mass and quality were elucidated. Blood and muscle samples, body composition (DXA-scan), muscle size (MR), and muscle strength measures were determined before and after the intervention. An additional blood and muscle sample was collected after the last resistance exercise bout. The results demonstrated reduced intramuscular estradiol, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) concentrations after resistance training irrespective of estrogen therapy. Acute exercise had no effect on intramuscular sex hormone levels. Low circulating levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) associated with high muscle mass at baseline, and a decline in circulating FSH after the intervention associated with a greater gain in muscle cross-sectional area in response to the resistance training. In conclusion, intramuscular estradiol, testosterone and DHEA were reduced by resistance training and unaffected by changes in circulating estrogen levels induced by estrogen therapy. Serum FSH and LH were superior predictors of muscle mass compared to other circulating and intramuscular sex steroid hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line B Dalgaard
- Section for Sport Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Oxfeldt
- Section for Sport Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tine V Dam
- Section for Sport Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mette Hansen
- Section for Sport Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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Borgsted C, Høgh S, Høgsted ES, Fonnesbech‐Sandberg L, Ekelund K, Albrechtsen CK, Wiis JT, Hegaard H, Cvetanovska E, Juul A, Frederiksen H, Pinborg A, Weikop P, Frokjaer V. The role of central serotonergic markers and estradiol changes in perinatal mental health. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2022; 146:357-369. [PMID: 35729864 PMCID: PMC9796905 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Women have an increased risk for mental distress and depressive symptoms in relation to pregnancy and birth. The serotonin transporter (SERT) may be involved in the emergence of depressive symptoms postpartum and during other sex-hormone transitions. It may be associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of the main serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA). In 100 healthy pregnant women, who were scheduled to deliver by cesarean section (C-section), we evaluated 5-HIAA and estradiol contributions to mental distress 5 weeks postpartum. METHODS Eighty-two women completed the study. CSF collected at C-section was analyzed for 5-HIAA, with high performance liquid chromatography. Serum estradiol concentrations were quantified by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry before C-section and postpartum. Postpartum mental distress was evaluated with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Associations between EPDS, 5-HIAA, and Δestradiol were evaluated in linear regression models adjusted for age, parity and SERT genotype. RESULTS Higher levels of postpartum mental distress symptoms were negatively associated with a large decrease in estradiol concentrations (βΔE2 = 0.73, p = 0.007) and, on a trend level, positively associated with high antepartum 5-HIAA levels (β5-HIAA = 0.002, p = 0.06). CONCLUSION In a cohort of healthy pregnant women, postpartum mental distress was higher in women with high antepartum 5-HIAA (trend) and lower in women with a large perinatal estradiol decrease. We speculate that high antepartum 5-HIAA is a proxy of SERT levels, that carry over to the postpartum period and convey susceptibility to mental distress. In healthy women, the postpartum return to lower estradiol concentrations may promote mental well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Borgsted
- Neurobiology Research UnitCopenhagen University Hospital ‐ RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark,Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of DenmarkCopenhagenDenmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Stinne Høgh
- Neurobiology Research UnitCopenhagen University Hospital ‐ RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark,Department of ObstetricsCopenhagen University Hospital ‐ RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Emma Sofie Høgsted
- Neurobiology Research UnitCopenhagen University Hospital ‐ RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | | | - Kim Ekelund
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Juliane Marie CenterCopenhagen University Hospital ‐ RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Charlotte Krebs Albrechtsen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Juliane Marie CenterCopenhagen University Hospital ‐ RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Julie Therese Wiis
- Department of AnaesthesiologyCopenhagen University Hospital ‐ HerlevHerlevDenmark
| | - Hanne Hegaard
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark,Department of ObstetricsCopenhagen University Hospital ‐ RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Eleonora Cvetanovska
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Herlev HospitalCopenhagen University HospitalHerlevDenmark
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark,Department of Growth and ReproductionCopenhagen University Hospital ‐ RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and ReproductionCopenhagen University Hospital ‐ RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Anja Pinborg
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark,Department of FertilityCopenhagen University Hospital ‐ RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Pia Weikop
- Center for Translational NeuromedicineUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Vibe Frokjaer
- Neurobiology Research UnitCopenhagen University Hospital ‐ RigshospitaletCopenhagenDenmark,Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of DenmarkCopenhagenDenmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
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43
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Ortega-Avila JG, García-Muñoz H, Segura Ordoñez A, Salazar Contreras BC. Sexual dimorphism of leptin and adiposity in children between 0 and 10 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biol Sex Differ 2022; 13:47. [PMID: 36064746 PMCID: PMC9446796 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-022-00454-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Differences in adolescents and adults by sex in blood levels of leptin and adiposity have been described; however, it is not yet clear if these differences arise from the prepubertal stage in subjects with a normal-weight. Therefore, we examine whether there are differences by sex in levels of blood leptin and adiposity in children with a normal-weight between 0 and 10 years old. Methods Search strategy: eligible studies were obtained from three electronic databases (Ovid, Embase and LILACS) and contact with experts. Selection criteria: healthy children up to 10 years of age with normal-weight according to age. Data collection and analyses: data were extracted by four independent reviewers using a predesigned data collection form. For the analysis, we stratified according to age groups (newborns, 0.25–0.5 years, 3–5.9 years, 6–7.9 years, 8–10 years). The statistical analysis was performed in the R program. Results Of the initially identified 13,712 records, 21 were selected in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The sex was associated with the overall effect on blood leptin (pooled MD = 1.72 ng/mL, 95% CI: 1.25–2.19) and body fat percentage (pooled MD = 3.43%, 95% CI: 2.53–4.33), being both higher in girls. This finding was consistent in the majority of age groups. Conclusion The results of our meta-analyses support the sexual dimorphism in circulating blood leptin and body fat percentage between girls and boys with normal-weight from prepuberty. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13293-022-00454-y. Differences by sex in blood leptin and body fat percentage in children are present before 10 years old Girls have higher circulating leptin and body fat percentage than boys The sex differences in blood leptin and adiposity in children increase progressively with the age
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Guillermo Ortega-Avila
- Grupo de Investigación de Ciencias Básicas y Clínicas de la Salud, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Seccional-Cali, Cali, Colombia. .,Grupo de investigación Salud y Movimiento, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Colombia.
| | - Harry García-Muñoz
- Grupo de investigación Salud y Movimiento, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Colombia.,Grupo de Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Segura Ordoñez
- Grupo de investigación Salud y Movimiento, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Colombia.,Grupo de Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Blanca C Salazar Contreras
- Grupo de investigación Salud y Movimiento, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Colombia.,Programa de Medicina, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
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Kafeenah H, Kuo CM, Chang TY, Jen HH, Yang JH, Shen YS, Wu CH, Chen SH. Label-free and de-conjugation-free workflow to simultaneously quantify trace amount of free/conjugated and protein-bound estrogen metabolites in human serum. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1232:340457. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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45
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Reference intervals of the sex hormonal profile in healthy women: A retrospective single-center study in Peru. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10592. [PMID: 36119895 PMCID: PMC9475304 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The female hormonal profile is of utmost importance for the assessment of the endocrinological functional status and the diagnosis of diseases. The analysis must delimit their normality intervals based on the manufacturer's cut-off points. Due to not all intervals can be evaluated before use, it is imperative to verify the reference intervals to achieve uniformity in the interpretation of results in the female population. We determine the reference intervals of five female sex hormones [Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH), Estradiol, Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Prolactin, and progesterone] using electrochemiluminescence in the Cobas e411 (Roche). We included female patients >18 years old, between the 3rd and 15th day of the menstrual cycle (follicular phase) and had no previous medical history or recent medication. For reference intervals analysis, we followed the recommendations of the CLSI C28-A3 guideline. The average concentration for FSH, progesterone, LH, prolactin and estradiol were 11.48 ± 21.10 mIU/ml, 8.19 ± 11.90 ng/ml, 10.98 ± 11.55 ng/ml, 25.05 ± 32.74 ng/mL, and 147.08 ± 473.8 pmol/mL, respectively. Eighty per cent of parameters showed a satisfactory transfer for the manufacturer's reference intervals, except for estradiol, which had 85.5% of transferred values. Our results suggest that 4/5 sex hormones were found within the manufacturer's reference intervals and can be quantified in Peruvian women, ensuring the quality of their results. However, it is necessary to determine the estradiol with other reagents and assays since we show errors in the transfer of intervals.
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Ljubicic ML, Busch AS, Upners EN, Fischer MB, Petersen JH, Raket LL, Frederiksen H, Johannsen TH, Juul A, Hagen CP. A Biphasic Pattern of Reproductive Hormones in Healthy Female Infants: The COPENHAGEN Minipuberty Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:2598-2605. [PMID: 35704034 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Minipuberty, a period of a transient activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in both sexes, enables evaluation of gonadal function in infants suspected of hypogonadism. However, female minipuberty remains poorly elucidated. OBJECTIVE We aimed to establish continuous reference ranges for the most commonly used reproductive hormones and to evaluate the dynamics of the HPG axis in females aged 0 to 1 year. DESIGN The COPENHAGEN Minipuberty Study (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02784184), a longitudinal, prospective cohort study. SETTING Healthy infants from Copenhagen. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS A total of 98 healthy, term female infants followed with 6 examinations including venipuncture during the first year of life. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Serum concentrations of LH, FSH, inhibin B, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), and SHBG were quantified using highly sensitive methods in 266 serum samples. RESULTS Reference ranges were established for LH, FSH, inhibin B, AMH, E1, E2, and SHBG. Two peaks were observed in normalized mean curves for all hormones. The first peaks were timed around postnatal days 15 to 27 followed by a general nadir for all hormones around days 58 to 92. The second peaks occurred around days 107 to 125 for inhibin B, AMH, E1, E2, and SHBG and days 164 to 165 for LH and FSH. CONCLUSIONS We present age-related, continuous reference ranges of the most commonly used reproductive hormones and present novel data revealing a biphasic and prolonged female minipuberty. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV ID NCT02784184.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie L Ljubicic
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Alexander S Busch
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Emmie N Upners
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Margit B Fischer
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Jørgen H Petersen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Lars L Raket
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund 22100, Sweden
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Trine H Johannsen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Casper P Hagen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
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47
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Skeletal Characteristics of Children and Adolescents with Turner Syndrome. ENDOCRINES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/endocrines3030038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Turner syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal disorder characterized by a short stature and gonadal dysgenesis, the latter of which requires estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) to induce and maintain secondary sexual characteristics. Insufficient ERT is associated with compromised skeletal health, including bone fragility, in adults with TS. In particular, estrogen insufficiency during adolescence is critical because the acquisition of a defective bone mass during this period results in impaired bone strength later in the life. In addition to bone mass, bone geometry is also a crucial factor influencing bone strength; therefore, a more detailed understanding of the skeletal characteristics of both bone mass and geometry during childhood and adolescence and their relationships with the estrogen status is needed to prevent compromised skeletal health during adulthood in TS. Although a delay in the initiation of ERT is associated with a lower bone mineral density during adulthood, limited information is currently available on the effects of ERT during adolescence on bone geometry. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge on skeletal characteristics in children and adolescents with TS and their relationships with estrogen sufficiency, and discuss the potential limitations of the current protocol for ERT during adolescence in order to achieve better skeletal health in adulthood.
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von Spreckelsen B, Aksglaede L, Johannsen TH, Nielsen JE, Main KM, Jørgensen A, Jensen RB. Prepubertal and pubertal gonadal morphology, expression of cell lineage markers and hormonal evaluation in two 46,XY siblings with 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 deficiency. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2022; 35:953-961. [PMID: 35411763 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2021-0713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 (17β-HSD3) deficiency results in insufficient biosynthesis of testosterone and consequently dihydrotestosterone. This is important for the fetal development of male genitalia. Thus, most 46,XY patients with 17β-HSD3 deficiency have a female appearance at birth and present with virilization at puberty. This study presents the differences in the clinical and hormonal data and analyses of gonadal characteristics in two siblings with 17β-HSD3 deficiency. CASE PRESENTATION Patient 1 presented with deepening of the voice and signs of virilization at puberty and increased serum levels of testosterone (T) of 10.9 nmol/L (2.9 SDS) and androstenedione (Δ4) of 27 nmol/L (3.3 SDS) were observed. The T/Δ4-ratio was 0.39. Patient 2 was clinically prepubertal at the time of diagnosis, but she also had increased levels of T at 1.97 nmol/L (2.9 SDS), Δ4 at 5 nmol/L (3.3 SDS), and the T/Δ4-ratio was 0.40, but without signs of virilization. Both siblings were diagnosed as homozygous for the splice-site mutation c.277+4A>T in intron 3 of HSD17B3. They were subsequently gonadectomized and treated with hormone replacement therapy. The gonadal histology was overall in accordance with pubertal status, although with a dysgenetic pattern in both patients, including Sertoli-cell-only tubules, few tubules containing germ cells, and presence of microliths. CONCLUSIONS Two siblings with 17β-HSD3 deficiency differed in pubertal development at the time of diagnosis and showed marked differences in their clinical presentation, hormonal profile, gonadal morphology and expression of cell lineage markers. Early diagnosis of 17β-HSD3 deficiency appears beneficial to ameliorate long-term consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikte von Spreckelsen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lise Aksglaede
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trine Holm Johannsen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - John E Nielsen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katharina M Main
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Jørgensen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Beck Jensen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Alex AM, Ruvio T, Xia K, Jha SC, Girault JB, Wang L, Li G, Shen D, Cornea E, Styner MA, Gilmore JH, Knickmeyer RC. Influence of gonadal steroids on cortical surface area in infancy. Cereb Cortex 2022; 32:3206-3223. [PMID: 34952542 PMCID: PMC9340392 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex differences in the human brain emerge as early as mid-gestation and have been linked to sex hormones, particularly testosterone. Here, we analyzed the influence of markers of early sex hormone exposure (polygenic risk score (PRS) for testosterone, salivary testosterone, number of CAG repeats, digit ratios, and PRS for estradiol) on the growth pattern of cortical surface area in a longitudinal cohort of 722 infants. We found PRS for testosterone and right-hand digit ratio to be significantly associated with surface area, but only in females. PRS for testosterone at the most stringent P value threshold was positively associated with surface area development over time. Higher right-hand digit ratio, which is indicative of low prenatal testosterone levels, was negatively related to surface area in females. The current work suggests that variation in testosterone levels during both the prenatal and postnatal period may contribute to cortical surface area development in female infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Mary Alex
- Neuroengineering Division, Institute for Quantitative Health Sciences and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Tom Ruvio
- Neuroengineering Division, Institute for Quantitative Health Sciences and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Kai Xia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Shaili C Jha
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jessica B Girault
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Dinggang Shen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Emil Cornea
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Martin A Styner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - John H Gilmore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Rebecca C Knickmeyer
- Address correspondence to Rebecca C. Knickmeyer, Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, 775 Woodlot Dr, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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50
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Development of an Efficient Solid-Phase Microextraction Monolithic Column for the Analysis of Estrogens in Human Urine and Serum Samples. Chromatographia 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-022-04178-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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