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Hjortebjerg R, Høgdall C, Hansen KH, Høgdall E, Frystyk J. The IGF-PAPP-A-Stanniocalcin Axis in Serum and Ascites Associates with Prognosis in Patients with Ovarian Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2014. [PMID: 38396692 PMCID: PMC10888379 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and PAPP-A2 modulate insulin-like growth factor (IGF) action and are inhibited by the stanniocalcins (STC1 and STC2). We previously demonstrated increased PAPP-A and IGF activity in ascites from women with ovarian carcinomas. In this prospective, longitudinal study of 107 women with ovarian cancer and ascites accumulation, we determined corresponding serum and ascites levels of IGF-1, IGF-2, PAPP-A, PAPP-A2, STC1, and STC2 and assessed their relationship with mortality. As compared to serum, we found highly increased ascites levels of PAPP-A (51-fold) and PAPP-A2 (4-fold). Elevated levels were also observed for IGF-1 (12%), STC1 (90%) and STC2 (68%). In contrast, IGF-2 was reduced by 29% in ascites. Patients were followed for a median of 38.4 months (range: 45 days to 8.9 years), during which 73 patients (68.2%) died. Overall survival was longer for patients with high serum IGF-1 (hazard ratio (HR) per doubling in protein concentration: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.40-0.90). However, patients with high ascites levels of IGF-1 showed a poorer prognosis (HR: 2.00 (1.26-3.27)). High serum and ascites IGF-2 levels were associated with increased risk of mortality (HR: 2.01 (1.22-3.30) and HR: 1.78 (1.24-2.54), respectively). Similarly, serum PAPP-A2 was associated with mortality (HR: 1.26 (1.08-1.48)). Our findings demonstrate the presence and activity of the IGF system in the local tumor ecosystem, which is likely a characteristic feature of malignant disease and plays a role in its peritoneal dissemination. The potential clinical implications are supported by our finding that serum levels of the proteins are associated with patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke Hjortebjerg
- Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark;
| | - Claus Høgdall
- Department of Gynecology, Juliane Marie Center, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Kristian Horsman Hansen
- Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark;
- OPEN Lab, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Estrid Høgdall
- Department of Pathology, Herlev University Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark;
| | - Jan Frystyk
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark;
- Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark;
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Almeida-Nunes DL, Silvestre R, Dinis-Oliveira RJ, Ricardo S. Enhancing Immunotherapy in Ovarian Cancer: The Emerging Role of Metformin and Statins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:323. [PMID: 38203494 PMCID: PMC10779012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer metastization is accompanied by the development of malignant ascites, which are associated with poor prognosis. The acellular fraction of this ascitic fluid contains tumor-promoting soluble factors, bioactive lipids, cytokines, and extracellular vesicles, all of which communicate with the tumor cells within this peritoneal fluid. Metabolomic profiling of ovarian cancer ascites has revealed significant differences in the pathways of fatty acids, cholesterol, glucose, and insulin. The proteins involved in these pathways promote tumor growth, resistance to chemotherapy, and immune evasion. Unveiling the key role of this liquid tumor microenvironment is crucial for discovering more efficient treatment options. This review focuses on the cholesterol and insulin pathways in ovarian cancer, identifying statins and metformin as viable treatment options when combined with standard chemotherapy. These findings are supported by clinical trials showing improved overall survival with these combinations. Additionally, statins and metformin are associated with the reversal of T-cell exhaustion, positioning these drugs as potential combinatory strategies to improve immunotherapy outcomes in ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Luísa Almeida-Nunes
- Differentiation and Cancer Group, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S) of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- 1H-TOXRUN—One Health Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal;
| | - Ricardo Silvestre
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira
- 1H-TOXRUN—One Health Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal;
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- FOREN—Forensic Science Experts, 1400-136 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sara Ricardo
- Differentiation and Cancer Group, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S) of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- 1H-TOXRUN—One Health Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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3
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Wang W, Wang Y. Integrative bioinformatics analysis of biomarkers and pathways for exploring the mechanisms and molecular targets associated with pyroptosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1207142. [PMID: 38034011 PMCID: PMC10684677 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1207142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Research has shown that pyroptosis contributes greatly to the progression of diabetes and its complications. However, the exact relationship between this particular cell death process and the pathology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains unclear. In this study, we used bioinformatic tools to identify the pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) associated with T2DM and to analyze their roles in the disease pathology. Methods Two microarray datasets, GSE7014 and GSE25724, were obtained from the GEO database and assessed for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The T2DM-associated DEGs that overlapped with differentially expressed PRGs were noted as T2DM-PRGs. Subsequently, 25 T2DM-PRGs were validated and subjected to functional enrichment analysis through Gene Ontology annotation analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). The diagnostic and predictive value of the T2DM-PRGs was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC). Additionally, a single-sample GSEA algorithm was applied to study immune infiltration in T2DM and assess immune infiltration levels. Results We identified 25 T2DM-PRGs that were significantly enriched in the nuclear factor-kappa B signaling and prostate cancer pathways. The top five differentially expressed prognostic T2DM-PRGs targeted by miRNAs were PTEN, BRD4, HSP90AB1, VIM, and PKN2. The top five differentially expressed T2DM-PRGs associated with transcription factors were HSP90AB1, VIM, PLCG1, SCAF11, and PTEN. The genes PLCG1, PTEN, TP63, CHI3L1, SDHB, DPP8, BCL2, SERPINB1, ACE2, DRD2, DDX58, and BTK showed excellent diagnostic performance. The immune infiltration analysis revealed notable differences in immune cells between T2DM and normal tissues in both datasets. These findings suggest that T2DM-PRGs play a crucial role in the development and progression of T2DM and could be used as potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Discussion Investigating the mechanisms and biomarkers associated with pyroptosis may offer valuable insights into the pathophysiology of T2DM and lead to novel therapeutic approaches to treat the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical Collage, Baotou, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Galal MA, Alouch SS, Alsultan BS, Dahman H, Alyabis NA, Alammar SA, Aljada A. Insulin Receptor Isoforms and Insulin Growth Factor-like Receptors: Implications in Cell Signaling, Carcinogenesis, and Chemoresistance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15006. [PMID: 37834454 PMCID: PMC10573852 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241915006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review thoroughly explores the intricate involvement of insulin receptor (IR) isoforms and insulin-like growth factor receptors (IGFRs) in the context of the insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling (IIS) pathway. This elaborate system encompasses ligands, receptors, and binding proteins, giving rise to a wide array of functions, including aspects such as carcinogenesis and chemoresistance. Detailed genetic analysis of IR and IGFR structures highlights their distinct isoforms, which arise from alternative splicing and exhibit diverse affinities for ligands. Notably, the overexpression of the IR-A isoform is linked to cancer stemness, tumor development, and resistance to targeted therapies. Similarly, elevated IGFR expression accelerates tumor progression and fosters chemoresistance. The review underscores the intricate interplay between IRs and IGFRs, contributing to resistance against anti-IGFR drugs. Consequently, the dual targeting of both receptors could present a more effective strategy for surmounting chemoresistance. To conclude, this review brings to light the pivotal roles played by IRs and IGFRs in cellular signaling, carcinogenesis, and therapy resistance. By precisely modulating these receptors and their complex signaling pathways, the potential emerges for developing enhanced anti-cancer interventions, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Ahmed Galal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
| | - Samhar Samer Alouch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Buthainah Saad Alsultan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda Dahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Abdullah Alyabis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Ammar Alammar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Aljada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
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Adnan M, Jeon BB, Chowdhury MHU, Oh KK, Das T, Chy MNU, Cho DH. Network Pharmacology Study to Reveal the Potentiality of a Methanol Extract of Caesalpinia sappan L. Wood against Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:277. [PMID: 35207564 PMCID: PMC8880704 DOI: 10.3390/life12020277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Caesalpinia sappan L. (CS) is widely used to treat diabetic complications in south-east Asia, specifically in traditional Chinese medicine. This study intends to explain the molecular mechanism of how chemical constituents of CS interrelate with different signaling pathways and receptors involved in T2DM. GC-MS was employed to identify the chemical compounds from the methanol extract of CS wood (MECSW). Lipinski's rule of five was applied, and 33 bioactive constituents have been screened from the CS extract. After that, 124 common targets and 26 compounds associated with T2DM were identified by mining several public databases. Protein-protein interactions and compound-target network were constructed using the STRING database and Cytoscape tool. Protein-protein interactions were identified in 121 interconnected nodes active in T2DM and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) as key target receptors. Furthermore, pathway compound target (PCT) analysis using the merger algorithm plugin of Cytoscape revealed 121 nodes from common T2DM targets, 33 nodes from MECSW compounds and 9 nodes of the KEGG pathway. Moreover, network topology analysis determined "Fisetin tetramethyl ether" as the key chemical compound. The DAVID online tool determined seven signaling receptors, among which PPARG was found most significant in T2DM progression. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway analysis implied the involvement of nine pathways, and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pathway was selected as the hub signaling pathway. Finally, molecular docking and quantum chemistry analysis confirmed the strong binding affinity and reactive chemical nature of fisetin tetramethyl ether with target receptors exceeding that of the conventional drug (metformin), PPARs agonist (rosiglitazone) and co-crystallized ligands, indicating that fisetin could be a potential drug of choice in T2DM management. This study depicts the interrelationship of the bioactive compounds of MECSW with the T2DM-associated signaling pathways and target receptors. It also proposes a more pharmaceutically effective substance, fisetin tetramethyl ether, over the standard drug that activates PPARG protein in the PPAR signaling pathway of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Adnan
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (M.A.); (B.-B.J.); (K.-K.O.)
| | - Byeong-Bae Jeon
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (M.A.); (B.-B.J.); (K.-K.O.)
| | - Md. Helal Uddin Chowdhury
- Ethnobotany and Pharmacognosy Lab, Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chattogram 4331, Bangladesh;
| | - Ki-Kwang Oh
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (M.A.); (B.-B.J.); (K.-K.O.)
| | - Tuhin Das
- Department of Microbiology, University of Chittagong, Chattogram 4331, Bangladesh;
| | - Md. Nazim Uddin Chy
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh;
| | - Dong-Ha Cho
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (M.A.); (B.-B.J.); (K.-K.O.)
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Tanha K, Mottaghi A, Nojomi M, Moradi M, Rajabzadeh R, Lotfi S, Janani L. Investigation on factors associated with ovarian cancer: an umbrella review of systematic review and meta-analyses. J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:153. [PMID: 34758846 PMCID: PMC8582179 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-021-00911-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Following cervical and uterine cancer, ovarian cancer (OC) has the third rank in gynecologic cancers. It often remains non-diagnosed until it spreads throughout the pelvis and abdomen. Identification of the most effective risk factors can help take prevention measures concerning OC. Therefore, the presented review aims to summarize the available studies on OC risk factors. A comprehensive systematic literature search was performed to identify all published systematic reviews and meta-analysis on associated factors with ovarian cancer. Web of Science, Cochrane Library databases, and Google Scholar were searched up to 17th January 2020. This study was performed according to Smith et al. methodology for conducting a systematic review of systematic reviews. Twenty-eight thousand sixty-two papers were initially retrieved from the electronic databases, among which 20,104 studies were screened. Two hundred seventy-seven articles met our inclusion criteria, 226 of which included in the meta-analysis. Most commonly reported genetic factors were MTHFR C677T (OR=1.077; 95 % CI (1.032, 1.124); P-value<0.001), BSML rs1544410 (OR=1.078; 95 %CI (1.024, 1.153); P-value=0.004), and Fokl rs2228570 (OR=1.123; 95 % CI (1.089, 1.157); P-value<0.001), which were significantly associated with increasing risk of ovarian cancer. Among the other factors, coffee intake (OR=1.106; 95 % CI (1.009, 1.211); P-value=0.030), hormone therapy (RR=1.057; 95 % CI (1.030, 1.400); P-value<0.001), hysterectomy (OR=0.863; 95 % CI (0.745, 0.999); P-value=0.049), and breast feeding (OR=0.719, 95 % CI (0.679, 0.762) and P-value<0.001) were mostly reported in studies. Among nutritional factors, coffee, egg, and fat intake significantly increase the risk of ovarian cancer. Estrogen, estrogen-progesterone, and overall hormone therapies also are related to the higher incidence of ovarian cancer. Some diseases, such as diabetes, endometriosis, and polycystic ovarian syndrome, as well as several genetic polymorphisms, cause a significant increase in ovarian cancer occurrence. Moreover, other factors, for instance, obesity, overweight, smoking, and perineal talc use, significantly increase the risk of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiarash Tanha
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Mottaghi
- Research Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Nojomi
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Community and Family Medicine Department, School of Medicine,Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Sociology & Anthropology, Nipissing University, Ontario North Bay, Canada
| | - Marzieh Moradi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rezvan Rajabzadeh
- School of Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Samaneh Lotfi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Janani
- Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Batty MJ, Chabrier G, Sheridan A, Gage MC. Metabolic Hormones Modulate Macrophage Inflammatory Responses. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184661. [PMID: 34572888 PMCID: PMC8467249 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Macrophages are a type of immune cell which play an important role in the development of cancer. Obesity increases the risk of cancer and obesity also causes disruption to the normal levels of hormones that are produced to coordinate metabolism. Recent research now shows that these metabolic hormones also play important roles in macrophage immune responses and so through macrophages, disrupted metabolic hormone levels may promote cancer. This review article aims to highlight and summarise these recent findings so that the scientific community may better understand how important this new area of research is, and how these findings can be capitalised on for future scientific studies. Abstract Macrophages are phagocytotic leukocytes that play an important role in the innate immune response and have established roles in metabolic diseases and cancer progression. Increased adiposity in obese individuals leads to dysregulation of many hormones including those whose functions are to coordinate metabolism. Recent evidence suggests additional roles of these metabolic hormones in modulating macrophage inflammatory responses. In this review, we highlight key metabolic hormones and summarise their influence on the inflammatory response of macrophages and consider how, in turn, these hormones may influence the development of different cancer types through the modulation of macrophage functions.
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Abstract
Obesity is epidemiologically linked to 13 forms of cancer. The local and systemic obese environment is complex and likely affect tumors through multiple avenues. This includes modulation of cancer cell phenotypes and the composition of the tumor microenvironment. A molecular understanding of how obesity links to cancer holds promise for identifying candidate genes for targeted therapy for obese cancer patient. Herein, we review both the cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous mechanisms linking obesity and cancer as well as provide an overview of the mouse model systems applied to study this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Zheng Liu
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Line Pedersen
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Nils Halberg
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
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9
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Huang G, Song C, Wang N, Qin T, Sui S, Obr A, Zeng L, Wood TL, Leroith D, Li M, Wu Y. RNA-binding protein CUGBP1 controls the differential INSR splicing in molecular subtypes of breast cancer cells and affects cell aggressiveness. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:1294-1305. [PMID: 31958132 PMCID: PMC7513956 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin receptor gene (INSR) undergoes alternative splicing to give rise to two functionally related, but also distinct, isoforms IR-A and IR-B, which dictate proliferative and metabolic regulations, respectively. Previous studies identified the RNA-binding protein CUGBP1 as a key regulator of INSR splicing. In this study, we show that the differential splicing of INSR occurs more frequently in breast cancer than in non-tumor breast tissues. In breast cancer cell lines, the IR-A:IR-B ratio varies in different molecular subtypes, knockdown or overexpression of CUGBP1 gene in breast cancer cells altered IR-A:IR-B ratio through modulation of IR-A expression, thereby reversed or enhanced the insulin-induced oncogenic behavior of breast cancer cells, respectively. Our data revealed the predominant mitogenic role of IR-A isoform in breast cancer and depicted a novel interplay between INSR and CUGBP1, implicating CUGBP1 and IR-A isoform as the potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gena Huang
- Institute for Genome Engineered Animal Models of Human Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Department of Breast Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- National Center of Genetically Engineered Animal Models for International Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Liaoning Provence Key Lab of Genome Engineered Animal Models, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Chen Song
- Department of Breast Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute for Genome Engineered Animal Models of Human Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- National Center of Genetically Engineered Animal Models for International Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Liaoning Provence Key Lab of Genome Engineered Animal Models, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Tao Qin
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Silei Sui
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Alison Obr
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Li Zeng
- Institute for Genome Engineered Animal Models of Human Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- National Center of Genetically Engineered Animal Models for International Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Teresa L Wood
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Derek Leroith
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Department of Medicine, Icahn Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Man Li
- Department of Breast Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yingjie Wu
- Institute for Genome Engineered Animal Models of Human Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- National Center of Genetically Engineered Animal Models for International Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Liaoning Provence Key Lab of Genome Engineered Animal Models, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Department of Medicine, Icahn Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- College of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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10
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Alexandrova E, Pecoraro G, Sellitto A, Melone V, Ferravante C, Rocco T, Guacci A, Giurato G, Nassa G, Rizzo F, Weisz A, Tarallo R. An Overview of Candidate Therapeutic Target Genes in Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061470. [PMID: 32512900 PMCID: PMC7352306 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) shows the highest mortality rate among gynecological malignancies and, because of the absence of specific symptoms, it is frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage, mainly due to the lack of specific and early biomarkers, such as those based on cancer molecular signature identification. Indeed, although significant progress has been made toward improving the clinical outcome of other cancers, rates of mortality for OC are essentially unchanged since 1980, suggesting the need of new approaches to identify and characterize the molecular mechanisms underlying pathogenesis and progression of these malignancies. In addition, due to the low response rate and the high frequency of resistance to current treatments, emerging therapeutic strategies against OC focus on targeting single factors and pathways specifically involved in tumor growth and metastasis. To date, loss-of-function screenings are extensively applied to identify key drug targets in cancer, seeking for more effective, disease-tailored treatments to overcome lack of response or resistance to current therapies. We review here the information relative to essential genes and functional pathways recently discovered in OC, often strictly interconnected with each other and representing promising biomarkers and molecular targets to treat these malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Alexandrova
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitan”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.A.); (G.P.); (A.S.); (V.M.); (C.F.); (T.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (F.R.)
| | - Giovanni Pecoraro
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitan”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.A.); (G.P.); (A.S.); (V.M.); (C.F.); (T.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (F.R.)
| | - Assunta Sellitto
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitan”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.A.); (G.P.); (A.S.); (V.M.); (C.F.); (T.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (F.R.)
| | - Viola Melone
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitan”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.A.); (G.P.); (A.S.); (V.M.); (C.F.); (T.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (F.R.)
| | - Carlo Ferravante
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitan”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.A.); (G.P.); (A.S.); (V.M.); (C.F.); (T.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (F.R.)
- Genomix4Life, via S. Allende 43/L, 84081 Baronissi, Italy;
| | - Teresa Rocco
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitan”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.A.); (G.P.); (A.S.); (V.M.); (C.F.); (T.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (F.R.)
- Genomix4Life, via S. Allende 43/L, 84081 Baronissi, Italy;
| | - Anna Guacci
- Genomix4Life, via S. Allende 43/L, 84081 Baronissi, Italy;
| | - Giorgio Giurato
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitan”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.A.); (G.P.); (A.S.); (V.M.); (C.F.); (T.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (F.R.)
| | - Giovanni Nassa
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitan”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.A.); (G.P.); (A.S.); (V.M.); (C.F.); (T.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (F.R.)
| | - Francesca Rizzo
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitan”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.A.); (G.P.); (A.S.); (V.M.); (C.F.); (T.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (F.R.)
| | - Alessandro Weisz
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitan”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.A.); (G.P.); (A.S.); (V.M.); (C.F.); (T.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (F.R.)
- CRGS-Genome Research Center for Health, University of Salerno Campus of Medicine, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.W.); (R.T.); Tel.: +39-089-965043 (A.W.); +39-089-965067 (R.T.)
| | - Roberta Tarallo
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitan”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.A.); (G.P.); (A.S.); (V.M.); (C.F.); (T.R.); (G.G.); (G.N.); (F.R.)
- Correspondence: (A.W.); (R.T.); Tel.: +39-089-965043 (A.W.); +39-089-965067 (R.T.)
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11
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Buraschi S, Morcavallo A, Neill T, Stefanello M, Palladino C, Xu SQ, Belfiore A, Iozzo RV, Morrione A. Discoidin Domain Receptor 1 functionally interacts with the IGF-I system in bladder cancer. Matrix Biol Plus 2020; 6-7:100022. [PMID: 33543020 PMCID: PMC7852334 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2020.100022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most common and aggressive cancers and, regardless of the treatment, often recurs and metastasizes. Thus, a better understanding of the mechanisms regulating urothelial tumorigenesis is critical for the design and implementation of rational therapeutic strategies. We previously discovered that the IGF-IR axis is critical for bladder cancer cell motility and invasion, suggesting a possible role in bladder cancer progression. However, IGF-IR depletion in metastatic bladder cancer cells only partially inhibited anchorage-independent growth. Significantly, metastatic bladder cancer cells have decreased IGF-IR levels but overexpressed the insulin receptor isoform A (IR-A), suggesting that the latter may play a more prevalent role than the IGF-IR in bladder tumor progression. The collagen receptor DDR1 cross-talks with both the IGF-IR and IR in breast cancer, and previous data suggest a role of DDR1 in bladder cancer. Here, we show that DDR1 is expressed in invasive and metastatic, but not in papillary, non-invasive bladder cancer cells. DDR1 is phosphorylated upon stimulation with IGF-I, IGF-II, and insulin, co-precipitates with the IGF-IR, and the IR-A and transient DDR1 depletion severely inhibits IGF-I-induced motility. We further demonstrate that DDR1 interacts with Pyk2 and non-muscle myosin IIA in ligands-dependent fashion, suggesting that it may link the IGF-IR and IR-A to the regulation of F-actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Similarly to the IGF-IR, DDR1 is upregulated in bladder cancer tissues compared to healthy tissue controls. Thus, our findings provide the first characterization of the molecular cross-talk between DDR1 and the IGF-I system and could lead to the identification of novel targets for therapeutic intervention in bladder cancer. Moreover, the expression profiles of IGF-IR, IR-A, DDR1, and downstream effectors could serve as a novel biomarker signature with diagnostic and prognostic significance. We discovered that the collagen receptor DDR1 cross-talks with insulin growth factor I (IGF-I) signaling in bladder cancer DDR1 co-precipitates with the IGF-IR and the insulin receptor (IR), and is phosphorylated upon stimulation with IGF ligands This collagen receptor modulates IGF-I-evoked motility and anchorage-independent growth DDR1 complexes with Pyk2, myosin IIA, IGF-IR and/or IR and regulates actin dynamics
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Buraschi
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, and Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Alaide Morcavallo
- Department of Urology, and Biology of Prostate Cancer Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Thomas Neill
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, and Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Manuela Stefanello
- Department of Urology, and Biology of Prostate Cancer Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Chiara Palladino
- Department of Urology, and Biology of Prostate Cancer Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Shi-Qiong Xu
- Department of Urology, and Biology of Prostate Cancer Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, and Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Andrea Morrione
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, and Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.,Department of Urology, and Biology of Prostate Cancer Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine and Center for Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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12
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Mitrofanova A, Sosa MA, Fornoni A. Lipid mediators of insulin signaling in diabetic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F1241-F1252. [PMID: 31545927 PMCID: PMC6879940 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00379.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) affects ∼40% of patients with diabetes and is associated with high mortality rates. Among different cellular targets in DKD, podocytes, highly specialized epithelial cells of the glomerular filtration barrier, are injured in the early stages of DKD. Both clinical and experimental data support the role of preserved insulin signaling as a major contributor to podocyte function and survival. However, little is known about the key modulators of podocyte insulin signaling. This review summarizes the novel knowledge that intracellular lipids such as cholesterol and sphingolipids are major determinants of podocyte insulin signaling. In particular, the implications of these lipids on DKD development, progression, and treatment will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla Mitrofanova
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Marie Anne Sosa
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Alessia Fornoni
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
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13
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Kumar S, Oien DB, Khurana A, Cliby W, Hartmann L, Chien J, Shridhar V. Coiled-Coil and C2 Domain-Containing Protein 1A (CC2D1A) Promotes Chemotherapy Resistance in Ovarian Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:986. [PMID: 31632917 PMCID: PMC6779793 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrence within 6 months of the last round of chemotherapy is clinically defined as platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. Gene expression associated with early recurrence may provide insights into platinum resistant recurrence. Prior studies identified a 14-gene model that accurately predicted early or late recurrence in 86% of patients. One of the genes identified was CC2D1A (encoding coiled-coil and C2 domain containing 1A), which showed higher expression in tumors from patients with early recurrence. Here, we show that CC2D1A protein expression was higher in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines compared to cisplatin-sensitive cell lines. In addition, immunohistochemical analysis of patient tumors on a tissue microarray (n = 146) showed that high levels of CC2D1A were associated with a significantly worse overall and progression-free survival (p = 0.0002 and p = 0.006, respectively). To understand the contribution of CC2D1A in chemoresistance, we generated shRNA-mediated knockdown of CC2D1A in SKOV3ip and PEO4 cell lines. Cell death and clonogenic assays of these isogenic clonal lines clearly showed that downregulation of CC2D1A resulted in increased sensitivity to cisplatin and paclitaxel in ovarian cancer cells. Moreover, nude mice bearing SKOV3ip xenografts with stably downregulated CC2D1A were more sensitive to chemotherapy as evidenced by a significantly longer survival time compared to xenografts derived from cells stably transduced with non-targeting shRNA. These results suggest CC2D1A promotes chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Derek B Oien
- Division of Experimental Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Ashwani Khurana
- Division of Experimental Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - William Cliby
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Lynn Hartmann
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Jeremy Chien
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Viji Shridhar
- Division of Experimental Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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14
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Rabin-Court A, Rodrigues MR, Zhang XM, Perry RJ. Obesity-associated, but not obesity-independent, tumors respond to insulin by increasing mitochondrial glucose oxidation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218126. [PMID: 31188872 PMCID: PMC6561592 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with increased incidence and worse prognosis of more than one dozen tumor types; however, the molecular mechanisms for this association remain under debate. We hypothesized that insulin, which is elevated in obesity-driven insulin resistance, would increase tumor glucose oxidation in obesity-associated tumors. To test this hypothesis, we applied and validated a stable isotope method to measure the ratio of pyruvate dehydrogenase flux to citrate synthase flux (VPDH/VCS, i.e. the percent of total mitochondrial oxidation fueled by glucose) in tumor cells. Using this method, we found that three tumor cell lines associated with obesity (colon cancer [MC38], breast cancer [4T1], and prostate cancer [TRAMP-C3] cells) increase VPDH/VCS in response to physiologic concentrations of insulin. In contrast, three tumor cell lines that are not associated with obesity (melanoma [YUMM1.7], B cell lymphoma [BCL1 clone 5B1b], and small cell lung cancer [NCI-H69] cells) exhibited no oxidative response to insulin. The observed increase in glucose oxidation in response to insulin correlated with a dose-dependent increase in cell division in obesity-associated tumor cell lines when grown in insulin, whereas no alteration in cell division was seen in tumor types not associated with obesity. These data reveal that a shift in substrate preference in the setting of physiologic insulin may comprise a metabolic signature of obesity-associated tumors that differs from that of those not associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviva Rabin-Court
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Marcos R. Rodrigues
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Xian-Man Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Rachel J. Perry
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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15
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Vella V, Milluzzo A, Scalisi NM, Vigneri P, Sciacca L. Insulin Receptor Isoforms in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113615. [PMID: 30453495 PMCID: PMC6274710 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin receptor (IR) mediates both metabolic and mitogenic effects especially when overexpressed or in clinical conditions with compensatory hyperinsulinemia, due to the metabolic pathway resistance, as obesity diabetes. In many cancers, IR is overexpressed preferentially as IR-A isoform, derived by alternative splicing of exon 11. The IR-A overexpression, and the increased IR-A:IR-B ratio, are mechanisms that promote the mitogenic response of cancer cells to insulin and IGF-2, which is produced locally by both epithelial and stromal cancer cells. In cancer IR-A, isoform predominance may occur for dysregulation at both mRNA transcription and post-transcription levels, including splicing factors, non-coding RNAs and protein degradation. The mechanisms that regulate IR isoform expression are complex and not fully understood. The IR isoform overexpression may play a role in cancer cell stemness, in tumor progression and in resistance to target therapies. From a clinical point of view, the IR-A overexpression in cancer may be a determinant factor for the resistance to IGF-1R target therapies for this issue. IR isoform expression in cancers may have the meaning of a predictive biomarker and co-targeting IGF-1R and IR-A may represent a new more efficacious treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Vella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Section, University of Catania Medical School, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, via Palermo 636, 95122 Catania, Italy.
- School of Human and Social Science, University "Kore" of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy.
| | - Agostino Milluzzo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Section, University of Catania Medical School, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, via Palermo 636, 95122 Catania, Italy.
| | - Nunzio Massimo Scalisi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Section, University of Catania Medical School, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, via Palermo 636, 95122 Catania, Italy.
| | - Paolo Vigneri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania Medical School, Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele, via Santa Sofia, 78, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Laura Sciacca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Section, University of Catania Medical School, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, via Palermo 636, 95122 Catania, Italy.
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16
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Yunn NO, Kim J, Kim Y, Leibiger I, Berggren PO, Ryu SH. Mechanistic understanding of insulin receptor modulation: Implications for the development of anti-diabetic drugs. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 185:86-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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17
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A phase 2 study of OSI-906 (linsitinib, an insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 inhibitor) in patients with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic (non-opioid requiring) metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Invest New Drugs 2018; 36:451-457. [PMID: 29476383 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-018-0574-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background The inhibition of insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 (IGF-1R) induces cell cycle arrest and enhancing the effect of castration by delay of progression of human prostate cancer models. Linsitinib is a small molecule and potent dual inhibitor of IGF-1R and insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity. We report results of a single-arm, phase II study evaluating the safety and efficacy of linsitinib in men with chemotherapy-naïve asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Methods Patients received at 150 mg orally twice daily on a 28-day cycle. The primary endpoint was prostate specific (PSA) response at 12 weeks and correlative studies included circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating endothelial cells (CECs). Results Seventeen patients, median age 68 (55-78) and pre-treatment PSA of 55.23 (2.46-277.60) were enrolled and completed 12 weeks of therapy. All but two patients discontinued therapy secondary to PSA progression, which met the predefined futility criteria and led to early termination of this study. Overall best response (RECIST v1.1) included a partial response in 1 patient and stable disease in 8 patients. Higher baseline CTCs were associated with higher pre-treatment PSA levels (Spearman r = 0.49, p = 0.04) but no correlation between PSA progression and CTCs/CECs were observed. Most common adverse events included fatigue, nausea/vomiting, AST/ALT changes and prolonged QT interval. Conclusions Single-agent linsitinib was safe and well tolerated but failed to show activity in men with mCRPC. These results highlight the complexity of using IGF-1R as a therapeutic target in this patient population. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01533246.
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18
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McGivern N, El-Helali A, Mullan P, McNeish IA, Paul Harkin D, Kennedy RD, McCabe N. Activation of MAPK signalling results in resistance to saracatinib (AZD0530) in ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 9:4722-4736. [PMID: 29435137 PMCID: PMC5797008 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
SRC tyrosine kinase is frequently overexpressed and activated in late-stage, poor prognosis ovarian tumours, and preclinical studies have supported the use of targeted SRC inhibitors in the treatment of this disease. The SAPPROC trial investigated the addition of the SRC inhibitor saracatinib (AZD0530) to weekly paclitaxel for the treatment of platinum resistant ovarian cancer; however, this drug combination did not provide any benefit to progression free survival (PFS) of women with platinum resistant disease. In this study we aimed to identify mechanisms of resistance to SRC inhibitors in ovarian cancer cells. Using two complementary strategies; a targeted tumour suppressor gene siRNA screen, and a phospho-receptor tyrosine kinase array, we demonstrate that activation of MAPK signalling, via a reduction in NF1 (neurofibromin) expression or overexpression of HER2 and the insulin receptor, can drive resistance to AZD0530. Knockdown of NF1 in two ovarian cancer cell lines resulted in resistance to AZD0530, and was accompanied with activated MEK and ERK signalling. We also show that silencing of HER2 and the insulin receptor can partially resensitize AZD0530 resistant cells, which was associated with decreased phosphorylation of MEK and ERK. Furthermore, we demonstrate a synergistic effect of combining SRC and MEK inhibitors in both AZD0530 sensitive and resistant cells, and that MEK inhibition is sufficient to completely resensitize AZD0530 resistant cells. This work provides a preclinical rationale for the combination of SRC and MEK inhibitors in the treatment of ovarian cancer, and also highlights the need for biomarker driven patient selection for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh McGivern
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Aya El-Helali
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Paul Mullan
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Iain A. McNeish
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - D. Paul Harkin
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- Almac Diagnostics, 19 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Richard D. Kennedy
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- Almac Diagnostics, 19 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Nuala McCabe
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- Almac Diagnostics, 19 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon, Northern Ireland, UK
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19
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Liefers-Visser JAL, Meijering RAM, Reyners AKL, van der Zee AGJ, de Jong S. IGF system targeted therapy: Therapeutic opportunities for ovarian cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2017; 60:90-99. [PMID: 28934637 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system comprises multiple growth factor receptors, including insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R), insulin receptor (IR) -A and -B. These receptors are activated upon binding to their respective growth factor ligands, IGF-I, IGF-II and insulin, and play an important role in development, maintenance, progression, survival and chemotherapeutic response of ovarian cancer. In many pre-clinical studies anti-IGF-1R/IR targeted strategies proved effective in reducing growth of ovarian cancer models. In addition, anti-IGF-1R targeted strategies potentiated the efficacy of platinum based chemotherapy. Despite the vast amount of encouraging and promising pre-clinical data, anti-IGF-1R/IR targeted strategies lacked efficacy in the clinic. The question is whether targeting the IGF-1R/IR signaling pathway still holds therapeutic potential. In this review we address the complexity of the IGF-1R/IR signaling pathway, including receptor heterodimerization within and outside the IGF system and downstream signaling. Further, we discuss the implications of this complexity on current targeted strategies and indicate therapeutic opportunities for successful targeting of the IGF-1R/IR signaling pathway in ovarian cancer. Multiple-targeted approaches circumventing bidirectional receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) compensation and prevention of system rewiring are expected to have more therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A L Liefers-Visser
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R A M Meijering
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A K L Reyners
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A G J van der Zee
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - S de Jong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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20
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Zhang D, Li N, Xi Y, Zhao Y, Wang T. Diabetes mellitus and risk of ovarian cancer. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 15 cohort studies. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2017; 130:43-52. [PMID: 28554142 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM Diabetes mellitus (DM) is hypothesized to be associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer (OC), but current evidences are inconsistent. We aimed to further study this association. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for eligible articles. After descriptive summary of the data, a random-effects model was applied in quantitative synthesis. Subgroup analysis was performed by study locales and settings, and sensitivity analysis was conducted based on restrictive selection criteria. Funnel plots and the Egger's test were used to assess publication bias. Statistical heterogeneity in meta-analysis was assessed by the P value derived from the Cochrane Q statistic and I-squared value. RESULTS Fourteen articles involving data of 15 cohort studies were included for our research. Overall, 17 risk ratios (RRs) were synthesized and yielded a pooled RR of 1.32 (95%CI: 1.14-1.52, PCochrane<0.001, I2=79.8%). Thirteen RRs were synthesized for type 2DM, and the pooled RR was 1.24 (95%CI: 1.06-1.44, PCochrane<0.001, I2=81.8%). Four RRs were synthesized for type 1DM, and the result was significant (RR: 1.83, 95%CI: 1.21-2.78, PCochrane=0.080, I2=55.7%). Results of sensitivity analysis suggested the robustness of a positive association between DM and OC risk, and subgroup analysis demonstrated that the association between DM and OC was much more substantial among Asia population. No publication bias was identified in meta-analysis. CONCLUSION Our study suggests there is a moderate relative increase in the risk of OC among DM patients. Future studies should investigate the effect of duration of DM and anti-diabetes intervention to OC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yuzhi Xi
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Division of Infectious Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tengteng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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21
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Zhang D, Zhao Y, Wang T, Xi Y, Li N, Huang H. Diabetes mellitus and long-term mortality of ovarian cancer patients. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 12 cohort studies. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2017; 33. [PMID: 27860198 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the sixth most common cancer among women, and its prognosis is not favorable. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is hypothesized to be associated with a higher mortality in ovarian cancer patients, but evidence is inconsistent. Thus, we aim to investigate if DM is associated with the long-term all-cause and long-term cancer-specific mortality in ovarian cancer patients by synthesizing available epidemiologic evidences. We used 4 electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus) to search for eligible articles. Title/abstract screening, full-text review, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed by reviewers independently. In meta-analysis, studies reporting risk ratio (RR) or hazard ratio that investigated the association between DM and mortality of OC patients were synthesized by a random-effect model. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed by certain stratification or restrictive rules. Publication bias was assessed by funnel plots and Egger test. Statistical heterogeneity was evaluated by the I-squared value and a chi-squared test for the Cochrane Q statistic. Twelve cohort studies involving 14 outcome measures were included. In overall meta-analysis, the synthesized RR for all-cause mortality was 1.44 (95% CI 1.16-1.79) without substantial statistical heterogeneity (PCochrane = .145, I2 = 34.1%); the synthesized RR for cancer-specific mortality was 1.44 (95% CI 1.08-1.93) with substantial heterogeneity (PCochrane < .001, I2 = 90.1%). No publication bias was observed. Our results suggest DM is associated with a higher all-cause and cancer-specific mortality in ovarian cancer patients. Future studies should be done to examine the association between type 1 DM and ovarian cancer mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Division of Infectious Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tengteng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yuzhi Xi
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hongtai Huang
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD, USA
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22
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Zeng C, Feng X, Wang W, Lv L, Fang C, Chi L, Huang L, Zhou Z. Decreased expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6 is associated with gastric adenocarcinoma prognosis. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:4161-4168. [PMID: 28588703 PMCID: PMC5452904 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the expression and prognostic significance of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6 (IGFBP-6) in gastric adenocarcinoma. The expression of IGFBP-6 was examined in 263 specimens from gastric adenocarcinoma patients using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blotting and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. The association between IGFBP-6 expression, clinicopathological factors and clinical outcomes was investigated. Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Harrell's concordance index (c-index) were used to evaluate the accuracy of the predictive prognosis. RT-qPCR and western blotting results showed that IGFBP-6 mRNA expression was lower in the tumors compared with that in adjacent non-tumor tissues. IGFBP-6 showed significantly decreased expression in 170 out of 263 patients based on IHC data and this was associated with a larger tumor size (P<0.001) and poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma (P=0.001), as well as with palliative gastrectomy (P=0.015). Additionally, decreased expression of IGFBP-6 was associated with stage T3/4a/4b disease and lymph node-positive metastasis (P<0.001). The association between decreased expression and a poor prognosis was revealed by Kaplan-Meier curves. Cox regression model identified IGFBP-6 as an independent prognostic factor. The prognostic value of the model with IGFBP-6 expression (AIC, 924.881; c-index, 0.878) was superior to that without IGFBP-6 expression (AIC, 947.164; c-index, 0.825). In conclusion, IGFBP-6 involves the development and progression of gastric adenocarcinoma, and its decreased expression predicts poor clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Zeng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Xingyu Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Lin Lv
- Department of Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Fang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Liangjie Chi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Liangxiang Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Zhou
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
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23
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Escribano O, Beneit N, Rubio-Longás C, López-Pastor AR, Gómez-Hernández A. The Role of Insulin Receptor Isoforms in Diabetes and Its Metabolic and Vascular Complications. J Diabetes Res 2017; 2017:1403206. [PMID: 29201918 PMCID: PMC5671728 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1403206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin receptor (IR) presents by alternative splicing two isoforms: IRA and IRB. The differential physiological and pathological role of both isoforms is not completely known, and it is determinant the different binding affinity for insulin-like growth factor. IRB is more abundant in adult tissues and it exerts mainly the metabolic actions of insulin, whereas IRA is mainly expressed in fetal and prenatal period and exerts mitogenic actions. However, the change in the expression profile of both IR isoforms and its dysregulation are associated with the development of different pathologies, such as cancer, insulin resistance, diabetes, obesity, and atherosclerosis. In some of them, there is a significant increase of IRA/IRB ratio conferring a proliferative and migratory advantage to different cell types and favouring IGF-II actions with a sustained detriment in the metabolic effects of insulin. This review discussed specifically the role of IR isoforms as well as IGF-IR in diabetes and its associated complications as obesity and atherosclerosis. Future research with new IR modulators might be considered as possible targets to improve the treatment of diabetes and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Escribano
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of San Carlos Clinic Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - N. Beneit
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of San Carlos Clinic Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - C. Rubio-Longás
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - A. R. López-Pastor
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Gómez-Hernández
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of San Carlos Clinic Hospital (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Madrid, Spain
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24
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Vigneri R, Goldfine ID, Frittitta L. Insulin, insulin receptors, and cancer. J Endocrinol Invest 2016; 39:1365-1376. [PMID: 27368923 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-016-0508-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Insulin is a major regulator of cell metabolism but, in addition, is also a growth factor. Insulin effects in target cells are mediated by the insulin receptor (IR), a transmembrane protein with enzymatic (tyrosine kinase) activity. The insulin receptor, however, is represented by a heterogeneous family of proteins, including two different IR isoforms and also hybrid receptors resulting from the IR hemireceptor combination with a hemireceptor of the cognate IGF-1 receptor. These different receptors may bind insulin and its analogs with different affinity and produce different biologic effects. Since many years, it is known that many cancer cells require insulin for optimal in vitro growth. Recent data indicate that: (1) insulin stimulates growth mainly via its own receptor and not the IGF-1 receptor; (2) in many cancer cells, the IR is overexpressed and the A isoform, which has a predominant mitogenic effect, is more represented than the B isoform. These characteristics provide a selective growth advantage to malignant cells when exposed to insulin. For this reason, all conditions of hyperinsulinemia, both endogenous (prediabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, type 2 diabetes before pancreas exhaustion and polycystic ovary syndrome) and exogenous (type 1 diabetes) will increase the risk of cancer. Cancer-related mortality is also increased in patients exposed to hyperinsulinemia but other factors, related to the different diseases, may also contribute. The complexity of the diseases associated with hyperinsulinemia and their therapies does not allow a precise evaluation of the cancer-promoting effect of hyperinsulinemia, but its detrimental effect on cancer incidence and mortality is well documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Vigneri
- Endocrinology, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Via Palermo 636, 95122, Catania, Italy.
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
- Humanitas, Catania Cancer Center, Catania, Italy.
- CNR, Institute of Bioimages and Biostructures, Catania, Italy.
| | - I D Goldfine
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - L Frittitta
- Endocrinology, Garibaldi-Nesima Medical Center, Via Palermo 636, 95122, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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25
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Liu YZ, Zhang L, Roy-Engel AM, Saito S, Lasky JA, Wang G, Wang H. Carcinogenic effects of oil dispersants: A KEGG pathway-based RNA-seq study of human airway epithelial cells. Gene 2016; 602:16-23. [PMID: 27866042 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The health impacts of the BP oil spill are yet to be further revealed as the toxicological effects of oil products and dispersants on human respiratory system may be latent and complex, and hence difficult to study and follow up. Here we performed RNA-seq analyses of a system of human airway epithelial cells treated with the BP crude oil and/or dispersants Corexit 9500 and Corexit 9527 that were used to help break up the oil spill. Based on the RNA-seq data, we then systemically analyzed the transcriptomic perturbations of the cells at the KEGG pathway level using two pathway-based analysis tools, GAGE (generally applicable gene set enrichment) and GSNCA (Gene Sets Net Correlations Analysis). Our results suggested a pattern of change towards carcinogenesis for the treated cells marked by upregulation of ribosomal biosynthesis (hsa03008) (p=1.97E-13), protein processing (hsa04141) (p=4.09E-7), Wnt signaling (hsa04310) (p=6.76E-3), neurotrophin signaling (hsa04722) (p=7.73E-3) and insulin signaling (hsa04910) (p=1.16E-2) pathways under the dispersant Corexit 9527 treatment, as identified by GAGE analysis. Furthermore, through GSNCA analysis, we identified gene co-expression changes for several KEGG cancer pathways, including small cell lung cancer pathway (hsa05222, p=9.99E-5), under various treatments of oil/dispersant, especially the mixture of oil and Corexit 9527. Overall, our results suggested carcinogenic effects of dispersants (in particular Corexit 9527) and their mixtures with the BP crude oil, and provided further support for more stringent safety precautions and regulations for operations involving long-term respiratory exposure to oil and dispersants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Zhong Liu
- Dept. of Global Biostatistics and Data Science, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College, Soochow University, Su Zhou, China
| | - Astrid M Roy-Engel
- Dept. of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Shigeki Saito
- Dept. of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Joseph A Lasky
- Dept. of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Guangdi Wang
- Dept. of Chemistry, RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - He Wang
- Dept. of Chronic Respiratory Diseases, School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
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26
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Westermeier F, Sáez T, Arroyo P, Toledo F, Gutiérrez J, Sanhueza C, Pardo F, Leiva A, Sobrevia L. Insulin receptor isoforms: an integrated view focused on gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2016; 32:350-65. [PMID: 26431063 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The human insulin receptor (IR) exists in two isoforms that differ by the absence (IR-A) or the presence (IR-B) of a 12-amino acid segment encoded by exon 11. Both isoforms are functionally distinct regarding their binding affinities and intracellular signalling. However, the underlying mechanisms related to their cellular functions in several tissues are only partially understood. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge in this field regarding the alternative splicing of IR isoform, tissue-specific distribution and signalling both in physiology and disease, with an emphasis on the human placenta in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Furthermore, we discuss the clinical relevance of IR isoforms highlighted by findings that show altered insulin signalling due to differential IR-A and IR-B expression in human placental endothelium in GDM pregnancies. Future research and clinical studies focused on the role of IR isoform signalling might provide novel therapeutic targets for treating GDM to improve the adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Westermeier
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Centre for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Science, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - T Sáez
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- University Medical Centre Groningen (UMCG), Faculty of Medicine, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P Arroyo
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - F Toledo
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - J Gutiérrez
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Cellular Signalling and Differentiation Laboratory (CSDL), School of Medical Technology, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad San Sebastian, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Sanhueza
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - F Pardo
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - A Leiva
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - L Sobrevia
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
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27
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Usset JL, Raghavan R, Tyrer JP, McGuire V, Sieh W, Webb P, Chang-Claude J, Rudolph A, Anton-Culver H, Berchuck A, Brinton L, Cunningham JM, DeFazio A, Doherty JA, Edwards RP, Gayther SA, Gentry-Maharaj A, Goodman MT, Høgdall E, Jensen A, Johnatty SE, Kiemeney LA, Kjaer SK, Larson MC, Lurie G, Massuger L, Menon U, Modugno F, Moysich KB, Ness RB, Pike MC, Ramus SJ, Rossing MA, Rothstein J, Song H, Thompson PJ, van den Berg DJ, Vierkant RA, Wang-Gohrke S, Wentzensen N, Whittemore AS, Wilkens LR, Wu AH, Yang H, Pearce CL, Schildkraut JM, Pharoah P, Goode EL, Fridley BL. Assessment of Multifactor Gene-Environment Interactions and Ovarian Cancer Risk: Candidate Genes, Obesity, and Hormone-Related Risk Factors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016; 25:780-90. [PMID: 26976855 PMCID: PMC4873330 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-15-1039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk factors relate to hormone exposure and elevated estrogen levels are associated with obesity in postmenopausal women. Therefore, we hypothesized that gene-environment interactions related to hormone-related risk factors could differ between obese and non-obese women. METHODS We considered interactions between 11,441 SNPs within 80 candidate genes related to hormone biosynthesis and metabolism and insulin-like growth factors with six hormone-related factors (oral contraceptive use, parity, endometriosis, tubal ligation, hormone replacement therapy, and estrogen use) and assessed whether these interactions differed between obese and non-obese women. Interactions were assessed using logistic regression models and data from 14 case-control studies (6,247 cases; 10,379 controls). Histotype-specific analyses were also completed. RESULTS SNPs in the following candidate genes showed notable interaction: IGF1R (rs41497346, estrogen plus progesterone hormone therapy, histology = all, P = 4.9 × 10(-6)) and ESR1 (rs12661437, endometriosis, histology = all, P = 1.5 × 10(-5)). The most notable obesity-gene-hormone risk factor interaction was within INSR (rs113759408, parity, histology = endometrioid, P = 8.8 × 10(-6)). CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated the feasibility of assessing multifactor interactions in large genetic epidemiology studies. Follow-up studies are necessary to assess the robustness of our findings for ESR1, CYP11A1, IGF1R, CYP11B1, INSR, and IGFBP2 Future work is needed to develop powerful statistical methods able to detect these complex interactions. IMPACT Assessment of multifactor interaction is feasible, and, here, suggests that the relationship between genetic variants within candidate genes and hormone-related risk factors may vary EOC susceptibility. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(5); 780-90. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Usset
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Rama Raghavan
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Jonathan P Tyrer
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Valerie McGuire
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Weiva Sieh
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Penelope Webb
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anja Rudolph
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hoda Anton-Culver
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Louise Brinton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Julie M Cunningham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Anna DeFazio
- Discipline of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Neonatology, University of Sydney, Westmead Institute for Cancer Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Doherty
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Robert P Edwards
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Simon A Gayther
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Marc T Goodman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Estrid Høgdall
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle, and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Allan Jensen
- Department of Virus, Lifestyle, and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sharon E Johnatty
- Division of Genetics and Public Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lambertus A Kiemeney
- Department of Health Evidence, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Susanne K Kjaer
- Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Melissa C Larson
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Galina Lurie
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Leon Massuger
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Usha Menon
- Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kirsten B Moysich
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Roberta B Ness
- School of Public Health, The University of Texas, Houston, Texas
| | - Malcolm C Pike
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Susan J Ramus
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mary Anne Rossing
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington. Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Joseph Rothstein
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Honglin Song
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela J Thompson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - David J van den Berg
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Robert A Vierkant
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Shan Wang-Gohrke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alice S Whittemore
- Department of Health Research and Policy - Epidemiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Lynne R Wilkens
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Anna H Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Hannah Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Celeste Leigh Pearce
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Joellen M Schildkraut
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Paul Pharoah
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom. Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ellen L Goode
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Brooke L Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.
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28
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Disruption of insulin receptor function inhibits proliferation in endocrine-resistant breast cancer cells. Oncogene 2016; 35:4235-43. [PMID: 26876199 PMCID: PMC4982805 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system is a well-studied growth regulatory pathway implicated in breast cancer biology. Clinical trials testing monoclonal antibodies directed against the type I IGF receptor (IGF1R) in combination with estrogen receptor-α (ER) targeting have been completed, but failed to show benefits in patients with endocrine resistant tumors compared to ER targeting alone. We have previously shown that the closely related insulin receptor (InsR) is expressed in tamoxifen resistant breast cancer cells. Here we examined if inhibition of InsR affected tamoxifen-resistant (TamR) breast cancer cells. InsR function was inhibited by three different mechanisms: InsR shRNA, a small InsR blocking peptide, S961 and an InsR monoclonal antibody (mAb). Suppression of InsR function by these methods in TamR cells successfully blocked insulin-mediated signaling, monolayer proliferation, cell cycle progression and anchorage-independent growth. This strategy was not effective in parental cells likely due to the presence of IGFR/InsR hybrid receptors. Down-regulation of IGF1R in conjunction with InsR inhibition was more effective in blocking IGF- and insulin-mediated signaling and growth in parental cells compared to single receptor targeting alone. Our findings show TamR cells were stimulated by InsR and were not sensitive to IGF1R inhibition, whereas in tamoxifen-sensitive parental cancer cells, the presence of both receptors, especially hybrid receptors, allowed cross-reactivity of ligand-mediated activation and growth. To suppress the IGF system, targeting of both IGF1R and InsR is optimal in endocrine sensitive and resistant breast cancer.
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Obesity and cancer, a case for insulin signaling. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e2037. [PMID: 26720346 PMCID: PMC4720912 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic, with the number of overweight and obese individuals climbing from just over 500 million in 2008 to 1.9 billion in 2014. Type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease have long been associated with the obese state, whereas cancer is quickly emerging as another pathological consequence of this disease. Globally, at least 2.8 million people die each year from being overweight or obese. It is estimated that by 2020 being overweight or obese will surpass the health burden of tobacco consumption. Increase in the body mass index (BMI) in overweight (BMI>25 kg/m2) and obese (BMI>30 kg/m2) individuals is a result of adipose tissue (AT) expansion, which can lead to fat comprising >50% of the body weight in the morbidly obese. Extensive research over the last several years has painted a very complex picture of AT biology. One clear link between AT expansion and etiology of diseases like T2D and cancer is the development of insulin resistance (IR) and hyperinsulinemia. This review focuses on defining the link between obesity, IR and cancer.
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Altieri B, Tirabassi G, Della Casa S, Ronchi CL, Balercia G, Orio F, Pontecorvi A, Colao A, Muscogiuri G. Adrenocortical tumors and insulin resistance: What is the first step? Int J Cancer 2015; 138:2785-94. [PMID: 26637955 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the onset of adrenocortical tumors (ACTs) are still largely unknown. Recently, more attention has been paid to the role of insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system on general tumor development and progression. Increased levels of insulin, IGF-1 and IGF-2 are associated with tumor cell growth and increased risk of cancer promotion and progression in patients with type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia may play a role in adrenal tumor growth through the activation of insulin and IGF-1 receptors. Interestingly, apparently non-functioning ACTs are often associated with a high prevalence of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. However, it is unclear if ACT develops from a primary insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia or if insulin resistance is only secondary to the slight cortisol hypersecretion by ACT. The aim of this review is to summarize the current evidence regarding the relationship between hyperinsulinemia and adrenocortical tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Altieri
- Institute of Medical Pathology, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Tirabassi
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Umberto I Hospital, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Silvia Della Casa
- Institute of Medical Pathology, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina L Ronchi
- Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Giancarlo Balercia
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Umberto I Hospital, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Orio
- Department of Sports Science and Wellness, Parthenope University, Naples, Italy.,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Fertility Techniques Structure, University Hospital S. Giovanni Di Dio E Ruggi D'aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | - Alfredo Pontecorvi
- Institute of Medical Pathology, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Endocrinology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Endocrinology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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31
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Lodhia KA, Tienchaiananda P, Haluska P. Understanding the Key to Targeting the IGF Axis in Cancer: A Biomarker Assessment. Front Oncol 2015. [PMID: 26217584 PMCID: PMC4495315 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 insulin like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) targeted therapies showed compelling pre-clinical evidence; however, to date, this has failed to translate into patient benefit in Phase 2/3 trials in unselected patients. This was further complicated by the toxicity, including hyperglycemia, which largely results from the overlap between IGF and insulin signaling systems and associated feedback mechanisms. This has halted the clinical development of inhibitors targeting IGF signaling, which has limited the availability of biopsy samples for correlative studies to understand biomarkers of response. Indeed, a major factor contributing to lack of clinical benefit of IGF targeting agents has been difficulty in identifying patients with tumors driven by IGF signaling due to the lack of predictive biomarkers. In this review, we will describe the IGF system, rationale for targeting IGF signaling, the potential liabilities of targeting strategies, and potential biomarkers that may improve success.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul Haluska
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN , USA
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Becker MA, Haluska P, Bale LK, Oxvig C, Conover CA. A novel neutralizing antibody targeting pregnancy-associated plasma protein-a inhibits ovarian cancer growth and ascites accumulation in patient mouse tumorgrafts. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 14:973-81. [PMID: 25695953 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-14-0880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The majority of ovarian cancer patients acquire resistance to standard platinum chemotherapy and novel therapies to reduce tumor burden and ascites accumulation are needed. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) plays a key role in promoting insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway activity, which directly correlates to ovarian cancer cell transformation, growth, and invasiveness. Herein, we evaluate PAPP-A expression in tumors and ascites of women with ovarian cancer, and determine the antitumor efficacy of a neutralizing monoclonal PAPP-A antibody (mAb-PA) in ovarian cancer using primary patient ovarian tumorgrafts ("Ovatars"). PAPP-A mRNA expression in patient ovarian tumors correlated with poor outcome and was validated as a prognostic surrogate in Ovatar tumors. Following confirmation of mAb-PA bioavailability and target efficacy in vivo, the antitumor efficacy of mAb-PA in multiple Ovatar tumor models was examined and the response was found to depend on PAPP-A expression. Strikingly, the addition of mAb-PA to standard platinum chemotherapy effectively sensitized platinum-resistant Ovatar tumors. PAPP-A protein in ascites was also assessed in a large cohort of patients and very high levels were evident across the entire sample set. Therefore, we evaluated targeted PAPP-A inhibition as a novel approach to managing ovarian ascites, and found that mAb-PA inhibited the development, attenuated the progression, and induced the regression of Ovatar ascites. Together, these data indicate PAPP-A as a potential palliative and adjunct therapeutic target for women with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc A Becker
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Paul Haluska
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Laurie K Bale
- Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Claus Oxvig
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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33
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Lin JC, Lin CY, Tarn WY, Li FY. Elevated SRPK1 lessens apoptosis in breast cancer cells through RBM4-regulated splicing events. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2014; 20:1621-31. [PMID: 25140042 PMCID: PMC4174443 DOI: 10.1261/rna.045583.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Imbalanced splicing of premessenger RNA is typical of tumorous malignancies, and the regulatory mechanisms involved in several tumorigenesis-associated splicing events are identified. Elevated expression of serine-arginine protein kinase 1 (SRPK1) may participate in the pathway responsible for the dysregulation of splicing events in malignant tumor cells. In this study, we observed a correlation between the cytoplasmic accumulation of RNA-binding motif protein 4 (RBM4) and up-regulated SRPK1 in breast cancer cells. The production of the IR-B and MCL-1S transcripts was induced separately by the overexpression of RBM4 and SRPK1 gene silencing. Overexpressed RBM4 simultaneously bound to the CU-rich elements within the MCL-1 exon2 and the downstream intron, which subsequently facilitated the exclusion of the regulated exon. Breast cancer cells are deprived of apoptotic resistance through the RBM4-mediated up-regulation of the IR-B and MCL-1S transcripts. These findings suggest that the splicing events regulated by the SRPK1-RMB4 network may contribute to tumorigenesis through altered sensitivity to apoptotic signals in breast cancer cells.
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MESH Headings
- Apoptosis
- Blotting, Western
- Breast/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein/genetics
- Neoplasm Grading
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Neoplasm Staging
- Phosphorylation
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- RNA Splicing/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Transcriptional Activation
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Chun Lin
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 110, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Lin
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 110, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Woan-Yuh Tarn
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 115, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Li
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 110, Taipei, Taiwan
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34
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Sciacca L, Cassarino MF, Genua M, Vigneri P, Giovanna Pennisi M, Malandrino P, Squatrito S, Pezzino V, Vigneri R. Biological Effects of Insulin and Its Analogs on Cancer Cells With Different Insulin Family Receptor Expression. J Cell Physiol 2014; 229:1817-21. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sciacca
- Division of Endocrinology; Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine; University of Catania; Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital; Catania Italy
| | - Maria Francesca Cassarino
- Division of Endocrinology; Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine; University of Catania; Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital; Catania Italy
| | - Marco Genua
- Division of Endocrinology; Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine; University of Catania; Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital; Catania Italy
| | - Paolo Vigneri
- Division of Medical Oncology; Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine; University of Catania; Catania Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Pennisi
- Division of Endocrinology; Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine; University of Catania; Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital; Catania Italy
| | - Pasqualino Malandrino
- Division of Endocrinology; Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine; University of Catania; Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital; Catania Italy
| | - Sebastiano Squatrito
- Division of Endocrinology; Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine; University of Catania; Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital; Catania Italy
| | - Vincenzo Pezzino
- Division of Endocrinology; Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine; University of Catania; Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital; Catania Italy
| | - Riccardo Vigneri
- Division of Endocrinology; Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine; University of Catania; Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital; Catania Italy
- Humanitas; Catania Oncology Centre; Catania Italy
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35
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Haluska P, Menefee M, Plimack ER, Rosenberg J, Northfelt D, LaVallee T, Shi L, Yu XQ, Burke P, Huang J, Viner J, McDevitt J, LoRusso P. Phase I dose-escalation study of MEDI-573, a bispecific, antiligand monoclonal antibody against IGFI and IGFII, in patients with advanced solid tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:4747-57. [PMID: 25024259 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This phase I, multicenter, open-label, single-arm, dose-escalation, and dose-expansion study evaluated the safety, tolerability, and antitumor activity of MEDI-573 in adults with advanced solid tumors refractory to standard therapy or for which no standard therapy exists. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Patients received MEDI-573 in 1 of 5 cohorts (0.5, 1.5, 5, 10, or 15 mg/kg) dosed weekly or 1 of 2 cohorts (30 or 45 mg/kg) dosed every 3 weeks. Primary end points included the MEDI-573 safety profile, maximum tolerated dose (MTD), and optimal biologic dose (OBD). Secondary end points included MEDI-573 pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics, immunogenicity, and antitumor activity. RESULTS In total, 43 patients (20 with urothelial cancer) received MEDI-573. No dose-limiting toxicities were identified, and only 1 patient experienced hyperglycemia related to treatment. Elevations in levels of insulin and/or growth hormone were not observed. Adverse events observed in >10% of patients included fatigue, anorexia, nausea, diarrhea, and anemia. PK evaluation demonstrated that levels of MEDI-573 increased with dose at all dose levels tested. At doses >5 mg/kg, circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGFII were fully suppressed. Of 39 patients evaluable for response, none experienced partial or complete response and 13 had stable disease as best response. CONCLUSIONS The MTD of MEDI-573 was not reached. The OBD was 5 mg/kg weekly or 30 or 45 mg/kg every 3 weeks. MEDI-573 showed preliminary antitumor activity in a heavily pretreated population and had a favorable tolerability profile, with no notable perturbations in metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Li Shi
- MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland
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Morcavallo A, Buraschi S, Xu SQ, Belfiore A, Schaefer L, Iozzo RV, Morrione A. Decorin differentially modulates the activity of insulin receptor isoform A ligands. Matrix Biol 2014; 35:82-90. [PMID: 24389353 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2013.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The proteoglycan decorin, a key component of the tumor stroma, regulates the action of several tyrosine-kinase receptors, including the EGFR, Met and the IGF-IR. Notably, the action of decorin in regulating the IGF-I system differs between normal and transformed cells. In normal cells, decorin binds with high affinity to both the natural ligand IGF-I and the IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) and positively regulates IGF-IR activation and downstream signaling. In contrast, in transformed cells, decorin negatively regulates ligand-induced IGF-IR activation, downstream signaling and IGF-IR-dependent biological responses. Whether decorin may bind another member of the IGF-I system, the insulin receptor A isoform (IR-A) and its cognate ligands, insulin, IGF-II and proinsulin, have not been established. Here we show that decorin bound with high affinity insulin and IGF-II and, to a lesser extent, proinsulin and IR-A. We utilized as a cell model system mouse embryonic fibroblasts homozygous for a targeted disruption of the Igf1r gene (designated R(-) cells) which were stably transfected with a human construct harboring the IR-A isoform of the receptor. Using these R(-)/IR-A cells, we demonstrate that decorin did not affect ligand-induced phosphorylation of the IR-A but enhanced IR-A downregulation after prolonged IGF-II stimulation without affecting insulin and proinsulin-dependent effects on IR-A stability. In addition, decorin significantly inhibited IGF-II-mediated activation of the Akt pathways, without affecting insulin and proinsulin-dependent signaling. Notably, decorin significantly inhibited IGF-II-mediated cell proliferation of R(-)/IR-A cells but affected neither insulin- nor proinsulin-dependent mitogenesis. Collectively, these results suggest that decorin differentially regulates the action of IR-A ligands. Decorin preferentially inhibits IGF-II-mediated biological responses but does not affect insulin- or proinsulin-dependent signaling. Thus, decorin loss may contribute to tumor initiation and progression in malignant neoplasms which depend on an IGF-II/IR-A autocrine loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaide Morcavallo
- Department of Urology and Biology of Prostate Cancer Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; Department of Health, Endocrinology, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Simone Buraschi
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Shi-Qiong Xu
- Department of Urology and Biology of Prostate Cancer Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Department of Health, Endocrinology, University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
| | - Andrea Morrione
- Department of Urology and Biology of Prostate Cancer Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
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37
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Morcavallo A, Stefanello M, Iozzo RV, Belfiore A, Morrione A. Ligand-mediated endocytosis and trafficking of the insulin-like growth factor receptor I and insulin receptor modulate receptor function. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2014; 5:220. [PMID: 25566192 PMCID: PMC4269189 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2014.00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor system and its two major receptors, the IGF receptor I (IGF-IR) and IR, plays a central role in a variety of physiological cellular processes including growth, differentiation, motility, and glucose homeostasis. The IGF-IR is also essential for tumorigenesis through its capacity to protect cancer cells from apoptosis. The IR is expressed in two isoforms: the IR isoform A (IR-A) and isoform B (IR-B). While the role of the IR-B in the regulation of metabolic effects has been known for several years, more recent evidence suggests that the IR, and in particular the IR-A, may be involved in the pathogenesis of cancer. Ligand-mediated endocytosis of tyrosine-kinases receptors plays a critical role in modulating the duration and intensity of receptors action but while the signaling pathways induced by the IGF-IR and IR are quite characterized, very little is still known about the mechanisms and proteins that regulate ligand-induced IGF-IR and IR endocytosis and trafficking. In addition, how these processes affect receptor downstream signaling has not been fully characterized. Here, we discuss the current understanding of the mechanisms and proteins regulating IGF-IR and IR endocytosis and sorting and their implications in modulating ligand-induced biological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaide Morcavallo
- Departments of Urology, Sydney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Health Sciences and Endocrinology, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Manuela Stefanello
- Departments of Urology, Sydney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Health Sciences and Endocrinology, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Renato V. Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sydney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Sydney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Department of Health Sciences and Endocrinology, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Andrea Morrione
- Departments of Urology, Sydney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Biology of Prostate Cancer Program, Sydney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- *Correspondence: Andrea Morrione, Biology of Prostate Cancer Program, Department of Urology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, 233 South 10th Street, BLSB Room 620, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA e-mail:
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38
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Wang T, Ning G, Bloomgarden Z. Diabetes and cancer relationships. J Diabetes 2013; 5:378-90. [PMID: 23574745 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 03/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes and cancer are both heterogeneous and multifactorial diseases with tremendous impact on health worldwide. Epidemiologic evidence suggests that certain malignancies may be associated with diabetes, as well as with diabetes risk factors and, perhaps, with certain diabetes treatments. Numerous biological mechanisms could account for these relationships. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, IGF-2, IGF-1 receptors, insulin, and the insulin receptor play roles in the development and progression of cancers. Although evidence from randomized controlled trials does not support or refute associations of diabetes and its treatments with either increased or reduced risk of cancer incidence or prognosis, consideration of malignancy incidence rates and the magnitude of the trials that would be required to address these issues explains why such studies may not be readily undertaken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiange Wang
- Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; E-Institute of Shanghai Universities, Shanghai, China
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39
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Andres SF, Simmons JG, Mah AT, Santoro MA, Van Landeghem L, Lund PK. Insulin receptor isoform switching in intestinal stem cells, progenitors, differentiated lineages and tumors: evidence that IR-B limits proliferation. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:5645-56. [PMID: 24127567 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.132985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite evidence for the impact of insulin on intestinal epithelial physiology and pathophysiology, the expression patterns, roles, and regulation of insulin receptor (IR) and IR isoforms in the intestinal epithelium are not well characterized. IR-A is thought to mediate the proliferative effects of insulin or insulin growth factors (IGFs) in fetal or cancer cells. IR-B is considered to be the metabolic receptor for insulin in specialized tissues. This study used a novel Sox9-EGFP reporter mouse that permits isolation of intestinal epithelial stem cells (IESCs), progenitors, enteroendocrine cells and differentiated lineages, the Apc(Min/+) mouse model of precancerous adenoma and normal human intestinal and colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines. We tested the hypothesis that there is differential expression of IR-A or IR-B in stem and tumor cells versus differentiated intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and that IR-B impacts cell proliferation. Our findings provide evidence that IR-B expression is significantly lower in highly proliferative IESCs and progenitor cells versus post-mitotic, differentiated IECs and in subconfluent and undifferentiated versus differentiated Caco-2 cells. IR-B is also reduced in Apc(Min/+) tumors and highly tumorigenic CRC cells. These differences in IR-B were accompanied by altered levels of mRNAs encoding muscleblind-like 2 (MBNL2), a known regulator of IR alternative splicing. Forced IR-B expression in subconfluent and undifferentiated Caco-2 cells reduced proliferation and increased biomarkers of differentiation. Our findings indicate that the impact of insulin on different cell types in the intestinal epithelium might differ depending on relative IR-B IR-A expression levels and provide new evidence for the roles of IR-B to limit proliferation of CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah F Andres
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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40
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Wang CF, Zhang G, Zhao LJ, Qi WJ, Li XP, Wang JL, Wei LH. Overexpression of the insulin receptor isoform A promotes endometrial carcinoma cell growth. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69001. [PMID: 23950881 PMCID: PMC3737217 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hyperinsulinemia are associated closely with endometrial carcinoma risk, although the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Insulin receptor isoformA expression is upregulated in many cancer cells and tissues, which suggests that IR-A-mediated signaling pathways may have important implications for cancer pathogenesis. We measured the expression of insulin receptor isoforms (IR-A and IR–B in the normal endometrium tissues, the endometrial carcinoma tissues and the endometrial carcinoma cell lines. We found that the total insulin receptor (IR) and IR-A expression mRNA levels and the ratio of IR-A to total IR in endometrial carcinoma specimens were significantly higher than them in control endometrial tissue specimens(P<0.05). Further analysis indicated that the tendency was more prominently in patients with T2DM. IR-A mRNA was differentially expressed in four endometrial carcinoma cell lines (Ishikawa, KLE, RL95-2 and HEC-1-A. RL95-2 cells have a low endogenous IR-A expression, and these were used to construct a stable cell line overexpressing IR-A. We found that IR-A overexpression significantly increased cell proliferation, the proportion of cells in S phase, activation of the Akt pathway and tumorigenicity of xenografts in nude mice. In contrast, there was no significant difference in the the percentage of apoptotic cells between cells overexpressing IR-A and control cells. Moreover, levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2 protein were significantly decreased in cells overexpressing IR-A relative to controls. These findings reveal the pivotal role of IR-A in endometrial cancer carcinogenesis, and suggest that the association of elevated IR-A levels with cell proliferation and tumorigenicity may be causally linked to its effect on the proportion of cells in S phase and the activation of the Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Fang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
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41
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Westley RL, May FEB. A twenty-first century cancer epidemic caused by obesity: the involvement of insulin, diabetes, and insulin-like growth factors. Int J Endocrinol 2013; 2013:632461. [PMID: 23983688 PMCID: PMC3747439 DOI: 10.1155/2013/632461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the developed world. The progression from obesity to diabetes mellitus type 2, via metabolic syndrome, is recognised, and the significant associated increase in the risk of major human cancers acknowledged. We review the molecular basis of the involvement of morbidly high concentrations of endogenous or therapeutic insulin and of insulin-like growth factors in the progression from obesity to diabetes and finally to cancer. Epidemiological and biochemical studies establish the role of insulin and hyperinsulinaemia in cancer risk and progression. Insulin-like growth factors, IGF-1 and IGF-2, secreted by visceral or mammary adipose tissue have significant paracrine and endocrine effects. These effects can be exacerbated by increased steroid hormone production. Structural studies elucidate how each of the three ligands, insulin, IGF-1, and IGF-2, interacts differently with isoforms A and B of the insulin receptor and with type I IGF receptor and explain how these protagonists contribute to diabetes-associated cancer. The above should inform appropriate treatment of cancers that arise in obese individuals and in those with diabetes mellitus type 2. Novel drugs that target the insulin and insulin-like growth factor signal transduction pathways are in clinical trial and should be effective if appropriate biomarker-informed patient stratification is implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalyne L. Westley
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Felicity E. B. May
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
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Lu X, Wang L, Mei J, Wang X, Zhu X, Zhang Q, Lv J. Picropodophyllin inhibits epithelial ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 435:385-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.04.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Diabetes Mellitus and Ovarian Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2013; 23:402-12. [DOI: 10.1097/igc.0b013e31828189b2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate the epidemiologic association between diabetes and risk of ovarian cancer.MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, and The Cochrane Library for observational studies on the association between diabetes and ovarian cancer. Cohort studies that reported relative risks (RRs) and case-control studies that showed odds ratios were included in the analysis. Summary RRs with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with a random-effects model.ResultsA total of 19 studies from 18 articles (7 case-control studies and 11 cohort studies) met the inclusion criteria. Combining data from all studies, diabetes was associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer, compared with no diabetes (summary RR of ovarian cancer incidence, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.02–1.33). In cohort and nested case-control studies, patients with diabetes had statistically significant increased risk of ovarian cancer (RR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.01–1.33), without significant heterogeneity (I2 = 27; P = 0.172). Among studies that control for age, body mass index, smoking, and alcohol, a prominent association between diabetes and ovarian cancer was found (RR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.11–2.19).ConclusionsThis study suggests that women with diabetes have a moderately increased risk of ovarian cancer.
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Sinha S, Pal K, Elkhanany A, Dutta S, Cao Y, Mondal G, Iyer S, Somasundaram V, Couch FJ, Shridhar V, Bhattacharya R, Mukhopadhyay D, Srinivas P. Plumbagin inhibits tumorigenesis and angiogenesis of ovarian cancer cells in vivo. Int J Cancer 2013; 132:1201-12. [PMID: 22806981 PMCID: PMC3496826 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a hallmark of tumor development and metastatic progression, and anti-angiogenic drugs targeting the VEGF pathway have shown to decrease the disease progression in cancer patients. In this study, we have analyzed the anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic property of plumbagin in cisplatin sensitive, BRCA2 deficient, PEO-1 and cisplatin resistant, BRCA2 proficient PEO-4 ovarian cancer cells. Both PEO-1 and PEO-4 ovarian cancer cells are sensitive to plumbagin irrespective of BRCA2 status in both normoxia and hypoxia. Importantly, plumbagin treatment effectively inhibits VEGF-A and Glut-1 in PEO-1 and PEO-4 ovarian cancer cells. We have also analyzed the p53 mutant, cisplatin resistant, and BRCA2 proficient OVCAR-5 cells. Plumbagin challenge also restricts the VEGF induced pro-angiogenic signaling in HUVECs and subsequently endothelial cell proliferation. In addition, we observe a significant effect on tumor regression among OVCAR-5 tumor-bearing mice treated with plumbagin, which is associated with significant inhibition of Ki67 and vWF expressions. Plumbagin also significantly reduces CD31 expression in an ear angiogenesis assay. Collectively, our studies indicate that plumbagin, as an anti-cancer agent disrupts growth of ovarian cancer cells through the inhibition of proliferation as well as angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutapa Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN-55905
| | - Krishnendu Pal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN-55905
| | | | - Shamit Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN-55905
| | - Ying Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN-55905
| | - Gourish Mondal
- Department of Laboratory medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN-55905
| | - Seethalakshmi Iyer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN-55905
| | - Veena Somasundaram
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud PO, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Fergus J. Couch
- Department of Laboratory medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN-55905
| | - Viji Shridhar
- Department of Laboratory medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN-55905
| | - Resham Bhattacharya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN-55905
| | - Debabrata Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN-55905
| | - Priya Srinivas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN-55905
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud PO, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India
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Westin SN, Herzog TJ, Coleman RL. Investigational agents in development for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Invest New Drugs 2013; 31:213-29. [PMID: 22661305 PMCID: PMC4103697 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-012-9837-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although significant success has been achieved in the treatment of advanced and recurrent ovarian cancer, there is clearly room for improvement. The use of targeted agents in this patient population has the promise to provide improved survival and quality of life. There are a myriad of relevant pathways under exploration in all settings of ovarian cancer. Clinical trial data are accumulating for antiangiogenic therapy, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-specific inhibitors and multiple angiogenic signaling target inhibitors, as well as poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. Other types of tumorigenic pathway inhibitors, including those that target phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), protein kinase B (AKT), Src, folate receptor alpha, and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) pathways are in earlier phases of development for ovarian cancer. Attempts to target the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) of ovarian tumors have been met with limited success; however, newer agents that inhibit this pathway show promise. Finally, with recognition of the role of Wee-1 in p53-deficient tumors, an inhibitor of this tyrosine kinase is being evaluated in recurrent ovarian cancer. The logistical challenge is to determine the optimal timing and proper combinations of novel agents independently as well as concomitantly with conventional chemotherapeutics. Reported results have been modest; however, our growing understanding of these pathways will be potentially reflected in greater impact on response and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon N Westin
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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van Adrichem RCS, Hofland LJ, Feelders RA, De Martino MC, van Koetsveld PM, van Eijck CHJ, de Krijger RR, Sprij-Mooij DM, Janssen JAMJL, de Herder WW. Chromogranin A, Ki-67 index and IGF-related genes in patients with neuroendocrine tumors. Endocr Connect 2013; 2:172-7. [PMID: 24042314 PMCID: PMC3847918 DOI: 10.1530/ec-13-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Chromogranin A (CgA) and the Ki-67 proliferation index are considered as important biochemical and pathological markers for clinical behaviour of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP NETs), respectively. The IGF system has been suggested as an important regulator of GEP NET proliferation and differentiation. A possible relationship between serum CgA (sCgA), Ki-67 proliferation index, and expression of IGF-related genes in patients with GEP NETs has not been demonstrated yet. This study investigates the relationship between sCgA, the Ki-67 proliferation index, and the expression of IGF-related genes in GEP NET tissues and their relation with 5-year survival. Tumor and blood samples from 22 GEP NET patients were studied. TUMORAL MRNA EXPRESSION OF IGF-RELATED GENES (IGFS IGF1, IGF2; IGF receptors: IGF1R, IGF2R; insulin receptors: subtype A (IR-A) and B (IR-B); IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs): IGFBP1, IGFBP2, IGFBP3, and IGFBP6) was measured using quantitative RT-PCR. Ki-67 proliferation index was determined using immunohistochemistry. sCgA was measured with ELISA. Five-year survival in patients with nonelevated sCgA (n=11) was 91 vs 46% in patients with elevated sCgA (n=11) (P=0.006). IR-A mRNA expression was significantly higher in tumors obtained from patients with elevated sCgA than in those from patients with nonelevated sCgA (6.42±2.08 vs 2.60±0.40; P=0.04). This data suggests that sCgA correlates well with 5-year survival of GEP NET patients, and that IR-A mRNA expression correlates well with tumor mass in GEP NET patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - R R de Krijger
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MCRotterdam, and Reinier de Graaf HospitalDelftThe Netherlands
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The insulin and igf-I pathway in endocrine glands carcinogenesis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2012; 2012:635614. [PMID: 22927847 PMCID: PMC3423951 DOI: 10.1155/2012/635614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine cancers are a heterogeneous group of diseases that may arise from endocrine cells in any gland of the endocrine system. These malignancies may show an aggressive behavior and resistance to the common anticancer therapies. The etiopathogenesis of these tumors remains mostly unknown. The normal embryological development and differentiation of several endocrine glands are regulated by specific pituitary tropins, which, in adult life, control the function and trophism of the endocrine gland. Pituitary tropins act in concert with peptide growth factors, including the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), which are considered key regulators of cell growth, proliferation, and apoptosis. While pituitary TSH is regarded as tumor-promoting factor for metastatic thyroid cancer, the role of other pituitary hormones in endocrine cancers is uncertain. However, multiple molecular abnormalities of the IGF system frequently occur in endocrine cancers and may have a role in tumorigenesis as well as in tumor progression and resistance to therapies. Herein, we will review studies indicating a role of IGF system dysregulation in endocrine cancers and will discuss the possible implications of these findings for tumor prevention and treatment, with a major focus on cancers from the thyroid, adrenal, and ovary, which are the most extensively studied.
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Small-molecule ATP-competitive dual IGF-1R and insulin receptor inhibitors: structural insights, chemical diversity and molecular evolution. Future Med Chem 2012; 4:315-28. [PMID: 22393939 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.11.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
IGF-1R has been recognized as a major target in cancer drug discovery due to its strong implications in various stages of tumorigenesis based on accumulated preclinical data. Recent research on compensatory crosstalk between IGF-1R and insulin receptor (IR) signaling pathways suggests that targeting both IGF-1R and IR should result in a more therapeutically beneficial response, than targeting IGF-1R alone (e.g., IGF-1R-specific antibodies). These findings provided biological rationale and opened the door to the discovery of a variety of small-molecule dual IGF-1R and IR inhibitors. In this review we summarize the recent developments in this field, with a focus on binding modes and binding interactions of these inhibitors with IGF-1R and/or IR. Selectivity of these inhibitors has been discussed in this context as well. This is an important area to be discussed since one of the major challenges in kinase inhibitor drug discovery is to build an optimal selectivity profile based on biological rationale.
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Insulin resistance and cancer risk: an overview of the pathogenetic mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES RESEARCH 2012; 2012:789174. [PMID: 22701472 PMCID: PMC3372318 DOI: 10.1155/2012/789174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 351] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance is common in individuals with obesity or type 2 diabetes (T2D), in which circulating insulin levels are frequently increased. Recent epidemiological and clinical evidence points to a link between insulin resistance and cancer. The mechanisms for this association are unknown, but hyperinsulinaemia (a hallmark of insulin resistance) and the increase in bioavailable insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) appear to have a role in tumor initiation and progression in insulin-resistant patients. Insulin and IGF-I inhibit the hepatic synthesis of sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG), whereas both hormones stimulate the ovarian synthesis of sex steroids, whose effects, in breast epithelium and endometrium, can promote cellular proliferation and inhibit apoptosis. Furthermore, an increased risk of cancer among insulin-resistant patients can be due to overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can damage DNA contributing to mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. On the other hand, it is possible that the abundance of inflammatory cells in adipose tissue of obese and diabetic patients may promote systemic inflammation which can result in a protumorigenic environment. Here, we summarize recent progress on insulin resistance and cancer, focusing on various implicated mechanisms that have been described recently, and discuss how these mechanisms may contribute to cancer initiation and progression.
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Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) plays an important role in tissue growth and development. Several studies have demonstrated the association between circulating levels of IGF-1 and -2 and cancer risk, and the IGF system has been implicated in the oncogenesis of essentially all solid and hematologic malignancies. The optimal strategy for targeting IGF signaling in patients with cancer is not clear. The modest benefits reported thus far underscore the need for a better understanding of IGF signaling, which would enable clinicians to identify the subset of patients with the greatest likelihood of attaining benefit from this targeted approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- S John Weroha
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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