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Shi M, Jia JS, Gao GS, Hua X. Advances and challenges of exosome-derived noncoding RNAs for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis and treatment. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 38:101695. [PMID: 38560049 PMCID: PMC10979073 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, also termed extracellular vesicles (EVs), are an important component of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and exert versatile effects on the molecular communications in the TME of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Exosome-mediated intercellular communication is closely associated with the tumorigenesis and development of HCC. Exosomes can be extracted through ultracentrifugation and size exclusion, followed by molecular analysis through sequencing. Increasing studies have confirmed the important roles of exosome-derived ncRNAs in HCC, including tumorigenesis, progression, immune escape, and treatment resistance. Due to the protective membrane structure of exosomes, the ncRNAs carried by exosomes can evade degradation by enzymes in body fluids and maintain good expression stability. Thus, exosome-derived ncRNAs are highly suitable as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognostic prediction of HCC, such as exosomal miR-21-5p, miR-221-3p and lncRNA-ATB. In addition, substantial studies revealed that the up-or down-regulation of exosome-derived ncRNAs had an important impact on HCC progression and response to treatment. Exosomal biomarkers, such as miR-23a, lncRNA DLX6-AS1, miR-21-5p, lncRNA TUC339, lncRNA HMMR-AS1 and hsa_circ_0004658, can reshape immune microenvironment by regulating M2-type macrophage polarization and then promote HCC development. Therefore, by controlling exosome biogenesis and modulating exosomal ncRNA levels, HCC may be inhibited or eliminated. In this current review, we summarized the recent findings on the role of exosomes in HCC progression and analyzed the relationship between exosome-derived ncRNAs and HCC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun-Su Jia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guo-Sheng Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Hua
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Mladenović D, Vesković M, Šutulović N, Hrnčić D, Stanojlović O, Radić L, Macut JB, Macut D. Adipose-derived extracellular vesicles - a novel cross-talk mechanism in insulin resistance, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocrine 2024; 85:18-34. [PMID: 38285412 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03702-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is the best described risk factor for the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) while the major pathogenic mechanism linking these entities is insulin resistance (IR). IR is primarily caused by increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, adipokines, and lipids from visceral adipose tissue. Increased fatty acid mobilization results in ectopic fat deposition in the liver which causes endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress resulting in increased cytokine production and subsequent inflammation. Similarly, IR with hyperinsulinemia cause hyperandrogenism, the hallmark of PCOS, and inflammation in the ovaries. Proinflammatory cytokines from both liver and ovaries aggravate IR thus providing a complex interaction between adipose tissue, liver, and ovaries in inducing metabolic abnormalities in obese subjects. Although many pathogenic mechanisms of IR, NAFLD/MASLD, and PCOS are known, there is still no effective therapy for these entities suggesting the need for further evaluation of their pathogenesis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a novel cross-talk mechanism between organs and include membrane-bound vesicles containing proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids that may change the phenotype and function of target cells. Adipose tissue releases EVs that promote IR, the development of all stages of NAFLD/MASLD and PCOS, while mesenchymal stem cell-derived AVs may alleviate metabolic abnormalities and may represent a novel therapeutic device in NAFLD/MASLD, and PCOS. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on the role of adipose tissue-derived EVs in the pathogenesis of IR, NAFLD/MASLD, and PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušan Mladenović
- Institute of Pathophysiology "Ljubodrag Buba Mihailovic", Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Milena Vesković
- Institute of Pathophysiology "Ljubodrag Buba Mihailovic", Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikola Šutulović
- Laboratory for Neurophysiology, Institute of Medical Physiology "Richard Burian", Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragan Hrnčić
- Laboratory for Neurophysiology, Institute of Medical Physiology "Richard Burian", Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Olivera Stanojlović
- Laboratory for Neurophysiology, Institute of Medical Physiology "Richard Burian", Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lena Radić
- Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelica Bjekić Macut
- University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, UMC Bežanijska kosa, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Djuro Macut
- University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine, Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
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Bowman-Gibson S, Chandiramani C, Stone ML, Waker CA, Rackett TM, Maxwell RA, Dhanraj DN, Brown TL. Streamlined Analysis of Maternal Plasma Indicates Small Extracellular Vesicles are Significantly Elevated in Early-Onset Preeclampsia. Reprod Sci 2024:10.1007/s43032-024-01591-y. [PMID: 38777947 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-024-01591-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a leading cause of maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. While placental dysfunction is a core underlying issue, the pathogenesis of this disorder is thought to differ between early-onset (EOPE) and late-onset (LOPE) subtypes. As recent reports suggest that small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) contribute to the development of PE, we have compared systemic sEV concentrations between normotensive, EOPE, and LOPE pregnancies. To circumvent lengthy isolation techniques and intermediate filtration steps, a streamlined approach was developed to evaluate circulating plasma sEVs from maternal plasma. Polymer-based precipitation and purification were used to isolate total systemic circulating maternal sEVs, free from bias toward specific surface marker expression or extensive subpurification. Immediate Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) of freshly isolated sEV samples afforded a comprehensive analysis that can be completed within hours, avoiding confounding freeze-thaw effects of particle aggregation and degradation.Rather than exosomal subpopulations, our findings indicate a significant elevation in the total number of circulating maternal sEVs in patients with EOPE. This streamlined approach also preserves sEV-bound protein and microRNA (miRNA) that can be used for potential biomarker analysis. This study is one of the first to demonstrate that maternal plasma sEVs harbor full-length hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) protein, with EOPE sEVs carrying higher levels of HIF-1α compared to control sEVs. The detection of HIF-1α and its direct signaling partner microRNA-210 (miR-210) within systemic maternal sEVs lays the groundwork for identifying how sEV signaling contributes to the development of preeclampsia. When taken together, our quantitative and qualitative results provide compelling evidence to support the translational potential of streamlined sEV analysis for future use in the clinical management of patients with EOPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scout Bowman-Gibson
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, 457 NEC Building, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Chandni Chandiramani
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, 457 NEC Building, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Madison L Stone
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, 457 NEC Building, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Christopher A Waker
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, 457 NEC Building, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Traci M Rackett
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Rose A Maxwell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - David N Dhanraj
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Thomas L Brown
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, 457 NEC Building, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA.
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Atukorala I, Hannan N, Hui L. Immersed in a reservoir of potential: amniotic fluid-derived extracellular vesicles. J Transl Med 2024; 22:348. [PMID: 38609955 PMCID: PMC11010396 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05154-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This review aims to encapsulate the current knowledge in extracellular vesicles extracted from amniotic fluid and amniotic fluid derived stem/stromal cells. Amniotic fluid (AF) bathes the developing fetus, providing nutrients and protection from biological and mechanical dangers. In addition to containing a myriad of proteins, immunoglobulins and growth factors, AF is a rich source of extracellular vesicles (EVs). These vesicles originate from cells in the fetoplacental unit. They are biological messengers carrying an active cargo enveloped within the lipid bilayer. EVs in reproduction are known to play key roles in all stages of pregnancy, starting from fertilisation through to parturition. The intriguing biology of AF-derived EVs (AF-EVs) in pregnancy and their untapped potential as biomarkers is currently gaining attention. EV studies in numerous animal and human disease models have raised expectations of their utility as therapeutics. Amniotic fluid stem cell and mesenchymal stromal cell-derived EVs (AFSC-EVs) provide an established supply of laboratory-made EVs. This cell-free mode of therapy is popular as an alternative to stem cell therapy, revealing similar, if not better therapeutic outcomes. Research has demonstrated the successful application of AF-EVs and AFSC-EVs in therapy, harnessing their anti-inflammatory, angiogenic and regenerative properties. This review provides an overview of such studies and discusses concerns in this emerging field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishara Atukorala
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Newborn Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Mercy Hospital for Women, 163 Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia.
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Newborn Health, The Northern Centre for Health Education and Research, Northern Health, Epping, VIC, Australia.
| | - Natalie Hannan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Newborn Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Mercy Hospital for Women, 163 Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Newborn Health, The Northern Centre for Health Education and Research, Northern Health, Epping, VIC, Australia
| | - Lisa Hui
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Newborn Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Mercy Hospital for Women, 163 Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Newborn Health, The Northern Centre for Health Education and Research, Northern Health, Epping, VIC, Australia
- Department of Perinatal Medicine, Mercy Hospital for Women, Mercy Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Reproductive Epidemiology Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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5
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Cordier AG, Zerbib E, Favier A, Dabi Y, Daraï E. Value of Non-Coding RNA Expression in Biofluids to Identify Patients at Low Risk of Pathologies Associated with Pregnancy. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:729. [PMID: 38611642 PMCID: PMC11011513 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14070729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy-related complications (PRC) impact maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality and place a huge burden on healthcare systems. Thus, effective diagnostic screening strategies are crucial. Currently, national and international guidelines define patients at low risk of PRC exclusively based on their history, thus excluding the possibility of identifying patients with de novo risk (patients without a history of disease), which represents most women. In this setting, previous studies have underlined the potential contribution of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) to detect patients at risk of PRC. However, placenta biopsies or cord blood samples are required, which are not simple procedures. Our review explores the potential of ncRNAs in biofluids (fluids that are excreted, secreted, or developed because of a physiological or pathological process) as biomarkers for identifying patients with low-risk pregnancies. Beyond the regulatory roles of ncRNAs in placental development and vascular remodeling, we investigated their specific expressions in biofluids to determine favorable pregnancy outcomes as well as the most frequent pathologies of pregnant women. We report distinct ncRNA panels associated with PRC based on omics technologies and subsequently define patients at low risk. We present a comprehensive analysis of ncRNA expression in biofluids, including those using next-generation sequencing, shedding light on their predictive value in clinical practice. In conclusion, this paper underscores the emerging significance of ncRNAs in biofluids as promising biomarkers for risk stratification in PRC. The investigation of ncRNA expression patterns and their potential clinical applications is of diagnostic, prognostic, and theragnostic value and paves the way for innovative approaches to improve prenatal care and maternal and fetal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elie Zerbib
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Sorbonne University, Hôpital Tenon, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (A.-G.C.); (Y.D.)
| | | | | | - Emile Daraï
- Department of Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Sorbonne University, Hôpital Tenon, 4 Rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France; (A.-G.C.); (Y.D.)
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Li Z, Hou D, Tang Z, Xiong L, Yan Y. The potential role of stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles in the treatment of musculoskeletal system diseases. Cell Biol Int 2024; 48:237-252. [PMID: 38100269 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) has shown a great progress in the regenerative medicine. EVs are rich in a variety of bioactive substances, which are important carriers of signal transmission and interactions between cells, and they play an important role in the processes of tissue repair and regeneration. Several studies have shown that stem cells-derived EVs regulate immunity, promote cell proliferation and differentiation, enhance bone and vascular regeneration, and play an increasingly important role in musculoskeletal system. This review aimed to describe the biological characteristics of stem cells-derived EVs and discuss their potential role in the therapy of musculoskeletal system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Demiao Hou
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zijin Tang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Lishun Xiong
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yiguo Yan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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Rice GE, Salomon C. IFPA Joan Hunt Senior Award in Placentology lecture: Extracellular vesicle signalling and pregnancy. Placenta 2024:S0143-4004(24)00055-9. [PMID: 38458919 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The field of extracellular vesicle (EV) signalling has the potential to transform our understanding of maternal-fetal communication and affords new opportunities for non-invasive prenatal testing and therapeutic intervention. EVs have been implicated in implantation, placentation, maternal adaptation to pregnancy and complications of pregnancy, being detectable in maternal circulation as early as 6 weeks of pregnancy. EVs of differing biogenic origin, composition and bioactivity are released by cells to maintain homoeostasis. Induction of EV signalling is associated with aberrant cellular metabolism and manifests as changes in EV concentrations and/or composition. Characterizing such changes affords opportunity to develop more informative diagnostics and efficacious interventions. To develop accurate and reliable EV-based diagnostics requires: identification of disease-associated biomarkers in specific EV subpopulations; and rapid, reproducible and scalable sample processing. Conventional isolation methods face challenges due to co-isolation of particles with similar physicochemical properties. Methods targeting specific vesicle-surface epitopes and compatible with automated platforms show promise. Effective EV therapeutics require precise targeting, achieved through genetic engineering to release EVs expressing cell-targeting ligands and carrying therapeutic payloads. Unlike cell-based therapies, this approach offers advantages including: low immunogenicity; stability; and long-term storage. Although EV diagnostics and therapeutics in reproductive biology are nascent, available technologies can enhance our understanding of EV signalling between mother and fetus, its role in pregnancies and improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory E Rice
- Inoviq Limited, Notting Hill, Australia; Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae-Oncology Group, The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia.
| | - Carlos Salomon
- Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae-Oncology Group, The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia.
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8
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Zhang J, Ma B, Wang Z, Chen Y, Li C, Dong Y. Extracellular vesicle therapy for obesity-induced NAFLD: a comprehensive review of current evidence. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:18. [PMID: 38195552 PMCID: PMC10775587 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01292-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as a chronic disease especially in Western countries, is still a tough question in the clinical therapy. With the rising prevalence of various chronic diseases, liver transplantation is expected to be the most common therapy after the next 10 years. However, there is still no approved drug for NAFLD, and targeted therapy for NAFLD is urgent. Exosomes as a kind of extracellular vesicle are cell-derived nanovesicles, which play an essential role in intercellular communication. Due to complex cell-cell interactions in the liver, exosomes as therapeutic drugs or drug delivery vesicles may be involved in physiological or pathological processes in NAFLD. Compared with other nanomaterials, exosomes as a cell-free therapy, are not dependent on cell number limitation, which means can be administered safely in high doses. Apart from this, exosomes with the advantages of being low-toxic, high stability, and low-immunological are chosen for targeted therapy for many diseases. In this review, firstly we introduced the extracellular vesicles, including the biogenesis, composition, isolation and characterization, and fundamental function of extracellular vesicles. And then we discussed the modification of extracellular vesicles, cargo packing, and artificial exosomes. Finally, the extracellular vesicles for the therapies of NAFLD are summarized. Moreover, we highlight therapeutic approaches using exosomes in the clinical treatment of NAFLD, which provide valuable insights into targeting NAFLD in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Baochen Ma
- China Animal Husbandry Group, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Zixu Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yaoxing Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chengzhong Li
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, 225300, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulan Dong
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Chen CC, Benavente CA. Exploring the Impact of Exosomal Cargos on Osteosarcoma Progression: Insights into Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:568. [PMID: 38203737 PMCID: PMC10779183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumor with high metastasis. Poor prognosis highlights a clinical need for novel therapeutic strategies. Exosomes, also known as extracellular vesicles, have been identified as essential players in the modulation of cancer. Recent studies have suggested that OS-derived exosomes can drive pro-tumorigenic or anti-tumorigenic phenotypes by transferring specific cargos, including proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites, to neighboring cells, significantly impacting the regulation of cellular processes. This review discusses the advancement of exosomes and their cargos in OS. We examine how these exosomes contribute to the modulation of cellular phenotypes associated with tumor progression and metastasis. Furthermore, we explore the potential of exosomes as valuable biomarkers for diagnostics and prognostic purposes and their role in shaping innovative therapeutic strategies in OS treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire C. Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
| | - Claudia A. Benavente
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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Tantengco OAG, Menon R. Effects of Ureaplasma parvum infection in the exosome biogenesis-related proteins in ectocervical epithelial cells. Am J Reprod Immunol 2024; 91:e13803. [PMID: 38282606 PMCID: PMC10827354 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Ureaplasma parvum is a mycoplasma commonly associated with female reproductive pathologies, such as preterm birth and infertility. It can survive intracellularly and utilize exosomes to propagate infection and its virulence factors. This study explored the differential protein composition of exosomes derived from normal and U. parvum-infected cells. We also investigated the impact of U. parvum on exosome biogenesis in ectocervical epithelial cells. Ectocervical epithelial (ECTO) cells were infected with U. parvum, and immunocytochemical staining was performed using U. parvum-specific marker multiple banded antigen (mba) and exosome marker CD9. NanoLC-MS/MS analysis was conducted to identify differentially expressed proteins in exosomes. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was performed to identify affected canonical pathways and biological functions associated with the protein cargo of exosomes. Western blot analysis of ECTO cells validated the proteomic findings in ECTO cells. U. parvum exhibited colonization of ECTO cells and colocalization with CD9-positive intraluminal vesicles. Proteomic analysis revealed decreased protein abundance and distinct protein profiles in exosomes derived from U. parvum-infected ECTO cells. Differentially expressed proteins were associated with clathrin-mediated endocytosis and various signaling pathways indicative of infection, inflammation, and cell death processes. Additionally, U. parvum infection altered proteins involved in exosome biogenesis. In ECTO cells, U. parvum infection significantly decreased clathrin, ALIX, CD9, and CD63 and significantly increased TSG101, Rab5, Rab35, and UGCG. These findings contribute to our understanding of the infection mechanism and shed light on the importance of exosome-mediated communication in the pathophysiology of diseases affecting the cervix, such as cervicitis and preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ourlad Alzeus G. Tantengco
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
- Department of Biology, College of Science, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
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Zhang R, Wei Y, Wang T, Nie X, Shi Z, Deng Y, Li D. Exosomal miRNAs in autoimmune skin diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1307455. [PMID: 38106405 PMCID: PMC10722155 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1307455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, bilaterally phospholipid-coated small vesicles, are produced and released by nearly all cells, which comprise diverse biological macromolecules, including proteins, DNA, RNA, and others, that participate in the regulation of their biological functions. An increasing number of studies have revealed that the contents of exosomes, particularly microRNA(miRNA), play a significant role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including autoimmune skin diseases. MiRNA is a class of single-stranded non-coding RNA molecules that possess approximately 22 nucleotides in length with the capability of binding to the untranslated as well as coding regions of target mRNA to regulate gene expression precisely at the post-transcriptional level. Various exosomal miRNAs have been found to be significantly expressed in some autoimmune skin diseases and involved in the pathogenesis of conditions via regulating the secretion of crucial pathogenic cytokines and the direction of immune cell differentiation. Thus, exosomal miRNAs might be promising biomarkers for monitoring disease progression, relapse and reflection to treatment based on their functions and changes. This review summarized the current studies on exosomal miRNAs in several common autoimmune skin diseases, aiming to dissect the underlying mechanism from a new perspective, seek novel biomarkers for disease monitoring and lay the foundation for developing innovative target therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ri Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yujia Wei
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingmei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqi Nie
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zeqi Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunhua Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Gallo DM, Fitzgerald W, Romero R, Gomez-Lopez N, Gudicha DW, Than NG, Bosco M, Chaiworapongsa T, Jung E, Meyyazhagan A, Suksai M, Gotsch F, Erez O, Tarca AL, Margolis L. Proteomic profile of extracellular vesicles in maternal plasma of women with fetal death. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2023; 36:2177529. [PMID: 36813269 PMCID: PMC10395052 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2023.2177529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fetal death is a complication of pregnancy caused by multiple etiologies rather than being the end-result of a single disease process. Many soluble analytes in the maternal circulation, such as hormones and cytokines, have been implicated in its pathophysiology. However, changes in the protein content of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which could provide additional insight into the disease pathways of this obstetrical syndrome, have not been examined. This study aimed to characterize the proteomic profile of EVs in the plasma of pregnant women who experienced fetal death and to evaluate whether such a profile reflected the pathophysiological mechanisms of this obstetrical complication. Moreover, the proteomic results were compared to and integrated with those obtained from the soluble fraction of maternal plasma. METHODS This retrospective case-control study included 47 women who experienced fetal death and 94 matched, healthy, pregnant controls. Proteomic analysis of 82 proteins in the EVs and the soluble fractions of maternal plasma samples was conducted by using a bead-based, multiplexed immunoassay platform. Quantile regression analysis and random forest models were implemented to assess differences in the concentration of proteins in the EV and soluble fractions and to evaluate their combined discriminatory power between clinical groups. Hierarchical cluster analysis was applied to identify subgroups of fetal death cases with similar proteomic profiles. A p-value of <.05 was used to infer significance, unless multiple testing was involved, with the false discovery rate controlled at the 10% level (q < 0.1). All statistical analyses were performed by using the R statistical language and environment-and specialized packages. RESULTS Nineteen proteins (placental growth factor, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, endoglin, regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and presumably secreted (RANTES), interleukin (IL)-6, macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha, urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor, tissue factor pathway inhibitor, IL-8, E-Selectin, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, pentraxin 3, IL-16, galectin-1, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 12, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1, matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP1), and CD163) were found to have different plasma concentrations (of an EV or a soluble fraction) in women with fetal death compared to controls. There was a similar pattern of change for the dysregulated proteins in the EV and soluble fractions and a positive correlation between the log2-fold changes of proteins significant in either the EV or the soluble fraction (ρ = 0.89, p < .001). The combination of EV and soluble fraction proteins resulted in a good discriminatory model (area under the ROC curve, 82%; sensitivity, 57.5% at a 10% false-positive rate). Unsupervised clustering based on the proteins differentially expressed in either the EV or the soluble fraction of patients with fetal death relative to controls revealed three major clusters of patients. CONCLUSION Pregnant women with fetal death have different concentrations of 19 proteins in the EV and soluble fractions compared to controls, and the direction of changes in concentration was similar between fractions. The combination of EV and soluble protein concentrations revealed three different clusters of fetal death cases with distinct clinical and placental histopathological characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahiana M Gallo
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Detroit, MI, USA.,Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidad Del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Wendy Fitzgerald
- Section on Intercellular Interactions, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.,Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Nardhy Gomez-Lopez
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Detroit, MI, USA.,Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Dereje W Gudicha
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Nándor Gábor Than
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Detroit, MI, USA.,Systems, Biology of Reproduction Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Maternity Private Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mariachiara Bosco
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Detroit, MI, USA.,Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Detroit, MI, USA.,Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Eunjung Jung
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Detroit, MI, USA.,Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Arun Meyyazhagan
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Detroit, MI, USA.,Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Manaphat Suksai
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Detroit, MI, USA.,Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Francesca Gotsch
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Detroit, MI, USA.,Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Offer Erez
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Detroit, MI, USA.,Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, HaEmek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Adi L Tarca
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Detroit, MI, USA.,Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University College of Engineering, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Leonid Margolis
- Section on Intercellular Interactions, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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13
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E VIGNESHBALAJI, RAMESH DIVYA, SHAJU MANISHACHUNGAN, KUMAR AKSHARA, PANDEY SAMYAK, NAYAK RAKSHA, ALKA V, MUNJAL SRISHTI, SALIMI AMIR, PAI KSREEDHARARANGANATH, BAKKANNAVAR SHANKARM. Biological, pathological, and multifaceted therapeutic functions of exosomes to target cancer. Oncol Res 2023; 32:73-94. [PMID: 38188673 PMCID: PMC10767237 DOI: 10.32604/or.2023.030401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, small tiny vesicle contains a large number of intracellular particles that employ to cause various diseases and prevent several pathological events as well in the human body. It is considered a "double-edged sword", and depending on its biological source, the action of exosomes varies under physiological conditions. Also, the isolation and characterization of the exosomes should be performed accurately and the methodology also will vary depending on the exosome source. Moreover, the uptake of exosomes from the recipients' cells is a vital and initial step for all the physiological actions. There are different mechanisms present in the exosomes' cellular uptake to deliver their cargo to acceptor cells. Once the exosomal uptake takes place, it releases the intracellular particles that leads to activate the physiological response. Even though exosomes have lavish functions, there are some challenges associated with every step of their preparation to bring potential therapeutic efficacy. So, overcoming the pitfalls would give a desired quantity of exosomes with high purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- VIGNESH BALAJI E
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - DIVYA RAMESH
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - MANISHA CHUNGAN SHAJU
- School of Health and Community Services, Durham College, Oshawa, Ontario, L1G2G5, Canada
| | - AKSHARA KUMAR
- Department of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Affairs and Management, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - SAMYAK PANDEY
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - RAKSHA NAYAK
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - V. ALKA
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - SRISHTI MUNJAL
- Department of Speech and Hearing, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - AMIR SALIMI
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - K. SREEDHARA RANGANATH PAI
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - SHANKAR M. BAKKANNAVAR
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
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14
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Russo E, Alberti G, Corrao S, Borlongan CV, Miceli V, Conaldi PG, Di Gaudio F, La Rocca G. The Truth Is Out There: Biological Features and Clinical Indications of Extracellular Vesicles from Human Perinatal Stem Cells. Cells 2023; 12:2347. [PMID: 37830562 PMCID: PMC10571796 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential of perinatal tissues to provide cellular populations to be used in different applications of regenerative medicine is well established. Recently, the efforts of researchers are being addressed regarding the evaluation of cell products (secreted molecules or extracellular vesicles, EVs) to be used as an alternative to cellular infusion. The data regarding the effective recapitulation of most perinatal cells' properties by their secreted complement point in this direction. EVs secreted from perinatal cells exhibit key therapeutic effects such as tissue repair and regeneration, the suppression of inflammatory responses, immune system modulation, and a variety of other functions. Although the properties of EVs from perinatal derivatives and their significant potential for therapeutic success are amply recognized, several challenges still remain that need to be addressed. In the present review, we provide an up-to-date analysis of the most recent results in the field, which can be addressed in future research in order to overcome the challenges that are still present in the characterization and utilization of the secreted complement of perinatal cells and, in particular, mesenchymal stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Russo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (E.R.); (G.A.)
| | - Giusi Alberti
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (E.R.); (G.A.)
| | - Simona Corrao
- Research Department, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy; (S.C.); (V.M.); (P.G.C.)
| | - Cesar V. Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA;
| | - Vitale Miceli
- Research Department, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy; (S.C.); (V.M.); (P.G.C.)
| | - Pier Giulio Conaldi
- Research Department, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione), 90127 Palermo, Italy; (S.C.); (V.M.); (P.G.C.)
| | - Francesca Di Gaudio
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal-Infantile Care, Excellence Internal and Specialist Medicine “G. D’Alessandro” (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Giampiero La Rocca
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (E.R.); (G.A.)
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15
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Geng N, Qi Y, Qin W, Li S, Jin H, Jiang Y, Wang X, Wei S, Wang P. Two microRNAs of plasma-derived small extracellular vesicles as biomarkers for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:259. [PMID: 37452310 PMCID: PMC10347730 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02538-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) of plasma-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have been proven to be associated with metastasis in several types of cancer. This study aimed to detect miRNAs of plasma-derived sEVs as potential biomarkers for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS We assessed the miRNA profiles of plasma-derived sEVs from healthy individuals as the control group (CT group), NSCLC patients without distant organ metastasis as the NM-NSCLC group and patients with distant organ metastasis as the M-NSCLC group. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on samples, and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) of the three groups were screened. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and ClueGO were used to predict potential pathways of DEMs. MiRNA enrichment analysis and annotation tool (miEAA) was used to understand changes in the tumour microenvironment in NSCLC. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR) analysis was used to validate target miRNAs. RESULT NGS was performed on 38 samples of miRNAs of plasma-derived sEVs, and DEMs were screened out between the above three groups. Regarding the distribution of DEMs in the NM-NSCLC and M-NSCLC groups, KEGG pathway analysis showed enrichment in focal adhesion and gap junctions and ClueGO in the Rap1 and Hippo signaling pathways; miEAA found that fibroblasts were over-represented. From our screening, miRNA-200c-3p and miRNA-4429 were found to be predictive DEMs among the CT, NM-NSCLC and M-NSCLC groups, and qRT‒PCR was applied to verify the results. Finally, it was revealed that expression levels of miR-200c-3p and miR-4429 were significantly upregulated in M-NSCLC patients. CONCLUSION This study identified miRNA-200c-3p and miRNA-4429 as potential biomarkers for NSCLC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Geng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, P.R. China
| | - Yaopu Qi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, P.R. China
| | - Wenwen Qin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, P.R. China
| | - Si Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, P.R. China
| | - Hao Jin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, P.R. China
| | - Yifang Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, P.R. China
| | - Xiuhuan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, P.R. China
| | - Shanna Wei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, P.R. China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, P.R. China.
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16
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Nazdikbin Yamchi N, Ahmadian S, Mobarak H, Amjadi F, Beheshti R, Tamadon A, Rahbarghazi R, Mahdipour M. Amniotic fluid-derived exosomes attenuated fibrotic changes in POI rats through modulation of the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:118. [PMID: 37370156 PMCID: PMC10294370 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01214-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current study, we investigated the regenerative effects of amniotic fluid exosomes (AF-Exos) in a rat model for premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). POI is a condition characterized by a decrease in ovarian function that can lead to infertility. We induced POI by administering cyclophosphamide (CTX) for 15 consecutive days, and then transplanted AF-Exos directly into both ovarian tissues. Four weeks later, we measured the serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol (E2), and performed histopathological evaluations using H & E and Masson's trichrome staining. We also monitored the expression of genes related to the TGF-β signaling pathway using real-time PCR and examined the fertility rate of POI rats after AF-Exos therapy. Histological analysis showed an increase in atretic follicles and a decrease in healthy follicle count after POI induction. Four weeks post-AF-Exos intervention, the healthy follicle count increased (p < 0.01) while the atretic follicle count decreased (p < 0.001). In parallel, the deposition of collagen fibers also decreased following AF-Exos transplantation. The concentrations of FSH and LH hormones in sera remained unchanged after injection of AF-Exos, while E2 levels increased (p < 0.05). The expression of Smad-4 (p < 0.01) and Smad-6 (p < 0.05) was upregulated in POI rats that received AF-Exos, while Smad-2, TGF-β1, TNF-α, and IL-10 remained statistically unchanged. Our records showed a notable increase in litter number after AF-Exos compared to the non-treated POI rats. These results suggest that AF-Exos transplantation has the potential to restore ovarian function through the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway in POI rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shahin Ahmadian
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Halimeh Mobarak
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Amjadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rahim Beheshti
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shabestar Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran
| | - Amin Tamadon
- PerciaVista R&D Co., Shiraz, Iran
- Department for Scientific Work, Marat Ospanov Medical University, West, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahdipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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17
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Wallen M, Aqil F, Spencer W, Gupta RC. Milk/colostrum exosomes: A nanoplatform advancing delivery of cancer therapeutics. Cancer Lett 2023; 561:216141. [PMID: 36963459 PMCID: PMC10155642 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapeutics continue to play a central role in the treatment of a wide variety of cancers. Conventional chemotherapy involving bolus intravenous doses results in severe side effects - in some cases life threatening - delayed toxicity and compromised quality-of-life. Attempts to deliver small drug molecules using liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, micelles, lipid nanoparticles, etc. have produced limited nanoformulations for clinical use, presumably due to a lack of biocompatibility of the material, costs, toxicity, scalability, and/or lack of effective administration. Naturally occurring small extracellular vesicles, or exosomes, may offer a solution and a viable system for delivering cancer therapeutics. Combined with their inherent trafficking ability and versatility of cargo capacity, exosomes can be engineered to specifically target cancerous cells, thereby minimizing off-target effects, and increasing the efficacy of cancer therapeutics. Exosomal formulations have mitigated the toxic effects of several drugs in murine cancer models. In this article, we review studies related to exosomal delivery of both small molecules and biologics, including siRNA to inhibit specific gene expression, in the pursuit of effective cancer therapeutics. We focus primarily on bovine milk and colostrum exosomes as the cancer therapeutic delivery vehicles based on their high abundance, cost effectiveness, scalability, high drug loading, functionalization of exosomes for targeted delivery, and lack of toxicity. While bovine milk exosomes may provide a new platform for drug delivery, extensive comparison to other nanoformulations and evaluation of long-term toxicity will be required to fully realize its potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farrukh Aqil
- Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Wendy Spencer
- 3P Biotechnologies, Inc., Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Ramesh C Gupta
- 3P Biotechnologies, Inc., Louisville, KY, 40202, USA; Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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18
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Liu A, Hefley B, Escandon P, Nicholas SE, Karamichos D. Salivary Exosomes in Health and Disease: Future Prospects in the Eye. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076363. [PMID: 37047335 PMCID: PMC10094317 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are a group of vesicles that package and transport DNA, RNA, proteins, and lipids to recipient cells. They can be derived from blood, saliva, urine, and/or other biological tissues. Their impact on several diseases, such as neurodegenerative, autoimmune, and ocular diseases, have been reported, but not fully unraveled. The exosomes that are derived from saliva are less studied, but offer significant advantages over exosomes from other sources, due to their accessibility and ease of collection. Thus, their role in the pathophysiology of diseases is largely unknown. In the context of ocular diseases, salivary exosomes have been under-utilized, thus creating an enormous gap in the literature. The current review discusses the state of exosomes research on systemic and ocular diseases and highlights the role and potential of salivary exosomes as future ocular therapeutic vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Liu
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3430 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Brenna Hefley
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3430 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Paulina Escandon
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3430 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Sarah E. Nicholas
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3430 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Dimitrios Karamichos
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3430 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-817-735-2101
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19
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Ramos BRA, Tronco JA, Carvalho M, Felix TF, Reis PP, Silveira JC, Silva MG. Circulating Extracellular Vesicles microRNAs Are Altered in Women Undergoing Preterm Birth. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065527. [PMID: 36982598 PMCID: PMC10058006 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm labor (PTL) and preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) lead to high perinatal morbidity/mortality rates worldwide. Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) act in cell communication and contain microRNAs that may contribute to the pathogenesis of these complications. We aimed to compare the expression, in sEV from peripheral blood, of miRNAs between term and preterm pregnancies. This cross-sectional study included women who underwent PTL, PPROM, and term pregnancies, examined at the Botucatu Medical School Hospital, SP, Brazil. sEV were isolated from plasma. Western blot used to detect exosomal protein CD63 and nanoparticle tracking analysis were performed. The expression of 800 miRNAs was assessed by the nCounter Humanv3 miRNA Assay (NanoString). The miRNA expression and relative risk were determined. Samples from 31 women—15 preterm and 16 term—were included. miR-612 expression was increased in the preterm groups. miR-612 has been shown to increase apoptosis in tumor cells and to regulate the nuclear factor κB inflammatory pathway, processes involved in PTL/PPROM pathogenesis. miR-1253, miR-1283, miR378e, and miR-579-3p, all associated with cellular senescence, were downregulated in PPROM compared with term pregnancies. We conclude that miRNAs from circulating sEV are differentially expressed between term and preterm pregnancies and modulate genes in pathways that are relevant to PTL/PPROM pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Ribeiro Andrade Ramos
- Department of Pathology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 17213-700, SP, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine—Jaú Campus, University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE), Jaú 17213-700, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(14)-3624-1109
| | - Júlia Abbade Tronco
- Department of Pathology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 17213-700, SP, Brazil
| | - Márcio Carvalho
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 17213-700, SP, Brazil
| | - Tainara Francini Felix
- Experimental Research Unity (UNIPEX), Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 17213-700, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Pintor Reis
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 17213-700, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliano Coelho Silveira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, São Paulo University (USP), Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Márcia Guimarães Silva
- Department of Pathology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 17213-700, SP, Brazil
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Stefańska K, Józkowiak M, Angelova Volponi A, Shibli JA, Golkar-Narenji A, Antosik P, Bukowska D, Piotrowska-Kempisty H, Mozdziak P, Dzięgiel P, Podhorska-Okołów M, Zabel M, Dyszkiewicz-Konwińska M, Kempisty B. The Role of Exosomes in Human Carcinogenesis and Cancer Therapy-Recent Findings from Molecular and Clinical Research. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030356. [PMID: 36766698 PMCID: PMC9913699 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are biological nanoscale spherical lipid bilayer vesicles, 40-160 nm in diameter, produced by most mammalian cells in both physiological and pathological conditions. Exosomes are formed via the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT). The primary function of exosomes is mediating cell-to-cell communication. In terms of cancer, exosomes play important roles as mediators of intercellular communication, leading to tumor progression. Moreover, they can serve as biomarkers for cancer detection and progression. Therefore, their utilization in cancer therapies has been suggested, either as drug delivery carriers or as a diagnostic tool. However, exosomes were also reported to be involved in cancer drug resistance via transferring information of drug resistance to sensitive cells. It is important to consider the current knowledge regarding the role of exosomes in cancer, drug resistance, cancer therapies, and their clinical application in cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Stefańska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
- Cellivia 3 S.A., 61-623 Poznan, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Józkowiak
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ana Angelova Volponi
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Dental Institute, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Jamil Awad Shibli
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, University of Guarulhos, Guarulhos 07030-010, Brazil
| | - Afsaneh Golkar-Narenji
- Prestage Department of Poultry Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Paweł Antosik
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Dorota Bukowska
- Department of Diagnostics and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Hanna Piotrowska-Kempisty
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-631 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Prestage Department of Poultry Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marzenna Podhorska-Okołów
- Division of Ultrastructural Research, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Zabel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Division of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Góra, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Marta Dyszkiewicz-Konwińska
- Department of Biomaterials and Experimental Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Prestage Department of Poultry Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 601 77 Brno, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
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21
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The exosome: a review of current therapeutic roles and capabilities in human reproduction. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:473-502. [PMID: 35980542 PMCID: PMC9794547 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01225-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are nano-vesicles (30-150 nm) which may be useful as therapeutic delivery vehicles and as diagnostic biomarkers. Exosomes are produced naturally within the human body and therefore are not prone to immunogenicity effects which would otherwise destroy unelicited foreign bodies. Clinically, they have been regarded as ideal candidates for applications relating to biomarker developments for the early detection of different diseases. Furthermore, exosomes may be of interest as potential drug delivery vehicles, which may improve factors such as bioavailability of loaded molecular cargo, side effect profiles, off-target effects, and pharmacokinetics of drug molecules. In this review, the therapeutic potential of exosomes and their use as clinical biomarkers for early diagnostics will be explored, alongside exosomes as therapeutic delivery vehicles. This review will evaluate techniques for cargo loading, and the capacity of loaded exosomes to improve various reproductive disease states. It becomes important, therefore, to consider factors such as loading efficiency, loading methods, cell viability, exosomal sources, exosome isolation, and the potential therapeutic benefits of exosomes. Issues related to targeted drug delivery will also be discussed. Finally, the variety of therapeutic cargo and the application of appropriate loading methods is explored, in the context of establishing clinical utility. Exosomes have more recently been widely accpeted as potential tools for disease diagnostics and the targeted delivery of certain therapeutic molecules-and in due time exosomes will be utilised more commonly within the clinical setting. Specifically, exosomal biomarkers can be identified and related to various detrimental conditions which occur during pregnancy. Considering, this review will explore the potential future of exosomes as both diagnostic tools and therapeutic delivery vehicles to treat related conditions, including the challenges which exist towards incorporating exosomes within the clinical environment to benefit patients.
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Yao X, Liao B, Chen F, Liu L, Wu K, Hao Y, Li Y, Wang Y, Fan R, Yin J, Liu L, Guo Y. Comparison of proteomic landscape of extracellular vesicles in pleural effusions isolated by three strategies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1108952. [PMID: 37122867 PMCID: PMC10130534 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1108952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from pleural effusion (PE) is emerging as disease biomarkers. However, the methods for isolation of EVs from PE (pEVs) were rarely studied. In our study, three methods for isolating pEVs of lung cancer patients were compared, including ultracentrifugation (UC), a combination of UC and size exclusion chromatography (UC-SEC) and a combination of UC and density gradient ultracentrifugation (UC-DGU). The subpopulation of pEVs was identified by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Western blotting (WB) and nano-flow cytometry (nFCM). Additionally, the proteomic landscape of pEVs was analyzed by Label-free proteomics. The results showed that, compared with UC and UC-DGU, the UC-SEC method separated pEVs with the highest purity. In the proteomic analysis, on average, 1595 proteins were identified in the pEVs isolated by UC-SEC, much more than pEVs isolated by UC (1222) or UC-DGU (807). Furthermore, approximately 90% of identified proteins in each method were found in the EVs public database ExoCarta. Consistent with this, GO annotation indicated that the core proteins identified in each method were mainly enriched in "extracellular exosome." Many of the top 100 proteins with high expression in each method were suggested as protein markers to validate the presence of EVs in the MISEV2018 guidelines. In addition, combined with lung tissue-specific proteins and vesicular membrane proteins, we screened out and validated several novel protein markers (CD11C, HLA DPA1 and HLA DRB1), which were enriched in pEVs rather than in plasma EVs. In conclusion, our study shows that the method of UC-SEC could significantly improve the purity of EVs and the performance of mass spectrometry-based proteomic profiling in analyzing pEVs. The exosomal proteins CD11C, HLA DPA1 and HLA DRB1 may act as potential markers of pEVs. The proteomic analysis of pEVs provides important information and new ideas for studying diseases complicated with PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yao
- School of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Baixue Liao
- School of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Respiratory, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lüye Liu
- Medical Research Center, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kaiwen Wu
- School of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaying Hao
- Medical Research Center, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Department of Respiratory, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuebin Wang
- Department of Respiratory, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruiling Fan
- School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Respiratory, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Medical Research Center, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Liu, ; Yuanbiao Guo,
| | - Yuanbiao Guo
- Medical Research Center, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Liu, ; Yuanbiao Guo,
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23
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Kim SD, Cho KS. Immunomodulatory Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Allergic Airway Disease. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12121994. [PMID: 36556359 PMCID: PMC9786036 DOI: 10.3390/life12121994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported as promising candidates for the treatment of various diseases, especially allergic diseases, as they have the capacity to differentiate into various cells. However, MSCs itself have several limitations such as creating a risk of aneuploidy, difficulty in handling them, immune rejection, and tumorigenicity, so interest in the extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from MSCs are increasing, and many studies have been reported. Previous studies have shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by MSCs are as effective as the MSCs themselves in suppression of allergic airway inflammation through the suppression of Th2 cytokine production and the induction of regulatory T cells (Treg) expansion. EVs are one of the substances secreted by paracrine induction from MSCs, and because it exerts its effect by delivering contents such as mRNA, microRNA, and proteins to the receptor cell, it can reduce the problems or risks related to stem cell therapy. This article reviews the immunomodulatory properties of MSCs-derived EVs and their therapeutic implications for allergic airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Dong Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, 179 Gudeok-Ro, Seo-gu, Busan 602-739, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Sup Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, 179 Gudeok-Ro, Seo-gu, Busan 602-739, Republic of Korea
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24
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Bowen CM, Ditmars FS, Gupta A, Reems JA, Fagg WS. Cell-Free Amniotic Fluid and Regenerative Medicine: Current Applications and Future Opportunities. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112960. [PMID: 36428527 PMCID: PMC9687956 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Amniotic fluid (AF) provides critical biological and physical support for the developing fetus. While AF is an excellent source of progenitor cells with regenerative properties, recent investigations indicate that cell-free AF (cfAF), which consists of its soluble components and extracellular vesicles, can also stimulate regenerative and reparative activities. This review summarizes published fundamental, translational, and clinical investigations into the biological activity and potential use of cfAF as a therapeutic agent. Recurring themes emerge from these studies, which indicate that cfAF can confer immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and pro-growth characteristics to the target cells/tissue with which they come into contact. Another common observation is that cfAF seems to promote a return of cells/tissue to a homeostatic resting state when applied to a model of cell stress or disease. The precise mechanisms through which these effects are mediated have not been entirely defined, but it is clear that cfAF can safely and effectively treat cutaneous wounds and perhaps orthopedic degenerative conditions. Additional applications are currently being investigated, but require further study to dissect the fundamental mechanisms through which its regenerative effects are mediated. By doing so, rational design can be used to fully unlock its potential in the biotechnology lab and in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles M. Bowen
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- John Sealy School of Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Frederick S. Ditmars
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- John Sealy School of Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Ashim Gupta
- Future Biologics, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA
- BioIntegrate, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA
- South Texas Orthopaedic Research Institute (STORI Inc.), Laredo, TX 78045, USA
- Regenerative Orthopaedics, Noida 201301, UP, India
| | - Jo-Anna Reems
- Merakris Therapeutics, RTP Frontier 800 Park Offices Dr. Suite 3322, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
- Department of Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - William Samuel Fagg
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Regenerative Orthopaedics, Noida 201301, UP, India
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Correspondence:
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25
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Evaluation of circulating small extracellular vesicle-derived miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for differentiating between different pathological types of early lung cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17201. [PMID: 36229645 PMCID: PMC9561663 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22194-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) in circulating small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have been suggested to be potential biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. The present study was designed to explore whether plasma-derived sEV miRNAs could be utilized as diagnostic biomarkers for differentiating between early-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We compared the miRNA profiles of plasma-derived sEVs from healthy individuals, patients with early-stage SCLC and patients with early-stage NSCLC. Next-generation sequencing was used to screen for differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs). Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were used to predict the potential functions of these DEMs. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify the different pathology-related miRNA modules. We found that 22 DEMs were significantly different among healthy individuals, patients with early-stage SCLC, and patients with early-stage NSCLC. We selected six representative DEMs for validation by qRT‒PCR, which confirmed that miRNA-483-3p derived from plasma sEVs could be used as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of early-stage SCLC, miRNA-152-3p and miRNA-1277-5p could be used for the diagnosis of early-stage NSCLC respectively.
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26
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Li DF, Yang MF, Xu J, Xu HM, Zhu MZ, Liang YJ, Zhang Y, Tian CM, Nie YQ, Shi RY, Wang LS, Yao J. Extracellular Vesicles: The Next Generation Theranostic Nanomedicine for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:3893-3911. [PMID: 36092245 PMCID: PMC9462519 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s370784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent rapid development in the field of extracellular vesicles (EVs) based nanotechnology has provided unprecedented opportunities for nanomedicine platforms. As natural nanocarriers, EVs such as exosomes, exosome-like nanoparticles and outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), have unique structure/composition/morphology characteristics, and show excellent physical and chemical/biochemical properties, making them a new generation of theranostic nanomedicine. Here, we reviewed the characteristics of EVs from the perspective of their formation and biological function in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Moreover, EVs can crucially participate in the interaction and communication of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs)-immune cells-gut microbiota to regulate immune response, intestinal inflammation and intestinal homeostasis. Interestingly, based on current representative examples in the field of exosomes and exosome-like nanoparticles for IBD treatment, it is shown that plant, milk, and cells-derived exosomes and exosome-like nanoparticles can exert a therapeutic effect through their components, such as proteins, nucleic acid, and lipids. Moreover, several drug loading methods and target modification of exosomes are used to improve their therapeutic capability. We also discussed the application of exosomes and exosome-like nanoparticles in the treatment of IBD. In this review, we aim to better and more clearly clarify the underlying mechanisms of the EVs in the pathogenesis of IBD, and provide directions of exosomes and exosome-like nanoparticles mediated for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Feng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Feng Yang
- Department of Hematology, Yantian District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital (School of Medicine of South China University of Technology), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Ming Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital (School of Medicine of South China University of Technology), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Min-Zheng Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital (School of Medicine of South China University of Technology), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jie Liang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Administration, Huizhou Institute of Occupational Diseases Control and Prevention, Huizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Mei Tian
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qiang Nie
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital (School of Medicine of South China University of Technology), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Yue Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Sheng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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27
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Liu N, Bowen CM, Shoja MM, Castro de Pereira KL, Dongur LP, Saad A, Russell WK, Broderick TC, Fair JH, Fagg WS. Comparative Analysis of Co-Cultured Amniotic Cell-Conditioned Media with Cell-Free Amniotic Fluid Reveals Differential Effects on Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition and Myofibroblast Activation. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092189. [PMID: 36140291 PMCID: PMC9495976 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myofibroblast activation is a cellular response elicited by a variety of physiological or pathological insults whereby cells initiate a coordinated response intended to eradicate the insult and then revert back to a basal state. However, an underlying theme in various disease states is persistent myofibroblast activation that fails to resolve. Based on multiple observations, we hypothesized that the secreted factors harvested from co-culturing amniotic stem cells might mimic the anti-inflammatory state that cell-free amniotic fluid (AF) elicits. We optimized an amnion epithelial and amniotic fluid cell co-culture system, and tested this hypothesis in the context of myofibroblast activation. However, we discovered that co-cultured amniotic cell conditioned media (coACCM) and AF have opposing effects on myofibroblast activation: coACCM activates the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stimulates gene expression patterns associated with myofibroblast activation, while AF does the opposite. Intriguingly, extracellular vesicles (EVs) purified from AF are necessary and sufficient to activate EMT and inflammatory gene expression patterns, while the EV-depleted AF potently represses these responses. In summary, these data indicate that coACCM stimulates myofibroblast activation, while AF represses it. We interpret these findings to suggest that coACCM, AF, and fractionated AF represent unique biologics that elicit different cellular responses that are correlated with a wide variety of pathological states, and therefore could have broad utility in the clinic and the lab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiyou Liu
- Division of Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Charles M. Bowen
- Division of Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Mohammadali M. Shoja
- Division of Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | | | - Laxmi Priya Dongur
- Division of Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Antonio Saad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - William K. Russell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Thomas Christopher Broderick
- Merakris Therapeutics, RTP Frontier, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
- Golden LEAF Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Jeffrey H. Fair
- Division of Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - William Samuel Fagg
- Division of Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Merakris Therapeutics, RTP Frontier, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(409)-772-2412; Fax: +1-(409)-747-7364
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Tantengco OAG, Richardson LS, Radnaa E, Kammala AK, Kim S, Medina PMB, Han A, Menon R. Exosomes from Ureaplasma parvum-infected ectocervical epithelial cells promote feto-maternal interface inflammation but are insufficient to cause preterm delivery. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:931609. [PMID: 36046342 PMCID: PMC9420848 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.931609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study determined if exosomes from ectocervical epithelial (ECTO) cells infected with Ureaplasma parvum (U. parvum) can carry bacterial antigens and cause inflammation at the feto-maternal interface using two organ-on-chip devices, one representing the vagina-cervix-decidua and another one mimicking the feto-maternal interface, and whether such inflammation can lead to preterm birth (PTB). Exosomes from U. parvum-infected ECTO cells were characterized using cryo-electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, Western blot, and Exoview analysis. The antigenicity of the exosomes from U. parvum-infected ECTO cells was also tested using THP-1 cells and our newly developed vagina-cervix-decidua organ-on-a-chip (VCD-OOC) having six microchannel-interconnected cell culture chambers containing cells from the vagina, ectocervical, endocervical, transformation zone epithelia, cervical stroma, and decidua. The VCD-OOC was linked to the maternal side of our previously developed feto-maternal interface organ-on-a-chip (FMi-OOC). Cell culture media were collected after 48 h to determine the cytokine levels from each cell line via ELISA. For physiological validation of our in vitro data, high-dose exosomes from U. parvum-infected ECTO cells were delivered to the vagina of pregnant CD-1 mice on E15. Mice were monitored for preterm birth (PTB, < E18.5 days). Exosomes from ECTO cells infected with U. parvum (UP ECTO) showed significant downregulation of exosome markers CD9, CD63, and CD81, but contained multiple banded antigen (MBA), a U. parvum virulence factor. Monoculture experiments showed that exosomes from UP ECTO cells delivered MBA from the host cell to uninfected endocervical epithelial cells (ENDO). Moreover, exposure of THP-1 cells to exosomes from UP ECTO cells resulted in increased IL-8 and TNFα and reduced IL-10. The OOC experiments showed that low and high doses of exosomes from UP ECTO cells produced a cell type-specific inflammatory response in the VCD-OOC and FMi-OOC. Specifically, exosomes from UP ECTO cells increased pro-inflammatory cytokines such as GM-CSF, IL-6, and IL-8 in cervical, decidual, chorion trophoblast, and amnion mesenchymal cells. The results from our OOC models were validated in our in vivo mice model. The inflammatory response was insufficient to promote PTB. These results showed the potential use of the VCD-OOC and FMi-OOC in simulating the pathophysiological processes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ourlad Alzeus G. Tantengco
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
- Biological Models Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Lauren S. Richardson
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Enkhtuya Radnaa
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Ananth Kumar Kammala
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Sungjin Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Paul Mark B. Medina
- Biological Models Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Arum Han
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
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Ashekyan O, Abdallah S, Shoukari AA, Chamandi G, Choubassy H, Itani ARS, Alwan N, Nasr R. Spotlight on Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs in Breast Cancer: An In Silico Analysis to Identify Potential lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-Target Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158351. [PMID: 35955480 PMCID: PMC9369058 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) has recently become the most common cancer type worldwide, with metastatic disease being the main reason for disease mortality. This has brought about strategies for early detection, especially the utilization of minimally invasive biomarkers found in various bodily fluids. Exosomes have been proposed as novel extracellular vesicles, readily detectable in bodily fluids, secreted from BC-cells or BC-tumor microenvironment cells, and capable of conferring cellular signals over long distances via various cargo molecules. This cargo is composed of different biomolecules, among which are the novel non-coding genome products, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and the recently discovered circular RNA (circRNA), all of which were found to be implicated in BC pathology. In this review, the diverse roles of the ncRNA cargo of BC-derived exosomes will be discussed, shedding light on their primarily oncogenic and additionally tumor suppressor roles at different levels of BC tumor progression, and drug sensitivity/resistance, along with presenting their diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarker potential. Finally, benefiting from the miRNA sponging mechanism of action of lncRNAs and circRNAs, we established an experimentally validated breast cancer exosomal non-coding RNAs-regulated target gene axis from already published exosomal ncRNAs in BC. The resulting genes, pathways, gene ontology (GO) terms, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis could be a starting point to better understand BC and may pave the way for the development of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ohanes Ashekyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon;
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon; (S.A.); (G.C.); (H.C.)
| | - Samira Abdallah
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon; (S.A.); (G.C.); (H.C.)
| | - Ayman Al Shoukari
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon;
| | - Ghada Chamandi
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon; (S.A.); (G.C.); (H.C.)
- INSERM U976, HIPI, Pathophysiology of Breast Cancer Team, Université de Paris, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Hayat Choubassy
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon; (S.A.); (G.C.); (H.C.)
- Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Abdul Rahman S. Itani
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Inflammatory Stress in Stem Cells, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ) and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nisreen Alwan
- College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi 59911, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (N.A.); (R.N.); Tel.: +971-2-5015647 (N.A.); +961-1-350000 (ext. 4812) (R.N.)
| | - Rihab Nasr
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon; (S.A.); (G.C.); (H.C.)
- Correspondence: (N.A.); (R.N.); Tel.: +971-2-5015647 (N.A.); +961-1-350000 (ext. 4812) (R.N.)
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Abstract
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) may be defined as a translational discipline focused on the development of novel techniques, devices, and materials to replace or repair injured or diseased tissue and organs. The main approaches typically use cells, scaffolds, and signaling molecules, either alone or in combination, to promote repair and regeneration. Although cells are required to create new functional tissue, the source of cells, either from an exogenous allogeneic or autologous source or through the recruitment of endogenous (autologous) cells, is technically challenging and risks the host rejection of new tissue. Regardless of the cell source, these approaches also require appropriate instruction for proliferation, differentiation, and in vivo spatial organization to create new functional tissue. Such instruction is supplied through the microenvironment where cells reside, environments which largely consist of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The specific components of the ECM, and broadly the extracellular space, responsible for promoting tissue regeneration and repair, are not fully understood, however extracellular vesicles (EVs) found in body fluids and solid phases of ECM have emerged as key mediators of tissue regeneration and repair. Additionally, these EVs might serve as potential cell-free tools in TERM to promote tissue repair and regeneration with minimal risk for host rejection and adverse sequelae. The past two decades have shown a substantial interest in understanding the therapeutic role of EVs and their applications in the context of TERM. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to highlight the fundamental characteristics of EVs, the current pre-clinical and clinical applications of EVs in TERM, and the future of EV-based strategies in TERM.
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Wan S, Chen P, Gu M, Liu J, Zhou Q, Zhang F, Lu Y, Li L, Wang X. Fetal Lung-Derived Exosomes in Term Labor Amniotic Fluid Induce Amniotic Membrane Senescence. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:889861. [PMID: 35859898 PMCID: PMC9289145 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.889861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of parturition is still unclear. Evidence has shown that delivery is associated with cellular senescence of the amniotic membrane. We isolated fetal lung-associated exosomes from the amniotic fluid from term labor (TL-exos) and verified that the exosomes can cause primary human amniotic epithelial cell (hAEC) senescence and apoptosis and can release higher levels of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP)-related molecules and proinflammatory damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) than exosomes isolated from the amniotic fluid from term not in labor (TNIL-exos). The human lung carcinoma cell lines (A549) can be used as an alternative to alveolar type 2 epithelial cells producing pulmonary surfactant. Therefore, we isolated A549 cell-derived exosomes (A549-exos) and found that they can trigger hAEC to undergo the same aging process. Finally, the animal experiments suggested that A549-exos induced vaginal bleeding and preterm labor in pregnant mice. Therefore, we conclude that exosomes derived from fetal lungs in term labor amniotic fluid induce amniotic membrane senescence, which may provide new insight into the mechanism of delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Wan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Pengzheng Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengqi Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fengyuan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Li, ; Yuan Lu, ; Xietong Wang,
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- The Laboratory of Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center (Institute of Translational Medicine), Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences) of China, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Li, ; Yuan Lu, ; Xietong Wang,
| | - Xietong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- The Laboratory of Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center (Institute of Translational Medicine), Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences) of China, Jinan, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maternal and Child Health Care of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
- The Laboratory of Placenta-Related Diseases, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of the National Health and Family Planning Commission of China, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Li, ; Yuan Lu, ; Xietong Wang,
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Amin AH, Sharifi LMA, Kakhharov AJ, Opulencia MJC, Alsaikhan F, Bokov DO, Majdi HS, Jawad MA, Hammid AT, Shalaby MN, Mustafa YF, Siahmansouri H. Role of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)-Derived exosomes in tumor progression and survival. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:113009. [PMID: 35486974 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a quickly aggressive hematopoietic disorder that progress due to the accumulation and clonal expansion of immature myeloid cells. Despite the latest developments in AML treatment, repeated relapses and drug resistance remain one of the major challenges in treatment of leukemia. Currently, it is well known that the components of the tumor microenvironment such as cellular and non-cellular elements play a critical function in treatment failures of AML, also they are most common cause of complications including suppression of hematopoiesis. Exosomes are membrane-bound extracellular vesicles (EVs) that transfer signaling molecules and have attracted a large amount of attention due to their important role in inter-cellular communication in health and disease. Exosomes participate in the survival and chemoresistance of many leukemia through transferring their rich cargos of molecules including miRNAs, growth factors, and cytokines. The key producers of exosomes that mainly participate to AML pathogenesis are bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSCs) and AML cell themselves. These cells release an enormous number of exosomes that affect several target cells such as natural killer (NK) and hematopoietic stem cells to the development of leukemia proliferation and progression. In the present study, a comprehensive review of the literature has been done to briefly discuss the biology of exosomes and highlight the role of exosomes derived from AML in the progress of acute myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H Amin
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Alisher Jamoliddinovich Kakhharov
- Department of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Department of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Samarkand State Dental Institute, Samarkand, Uzbekistan.
| | | | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dmitry Olegovich Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr., Moscow 109240, Russian Federation
| | - Hasan Sh Majdi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Industries, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon 51001, Iraq
| | | | - Ali Thaeer Hammid
- Computer Engineering Department, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Nader Shalaby
- Biological Sciences and Sports Health Department, Faculty of Physical Education, Suez Canal University, Egypt
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul 41001, Iraq
| | - Homayoon Siahmansouri
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Becerra-Mojica CH, Parra-Saavedra MA, Diaz-Martinez LA, Martinez-Portilla RJ, Rincon Orozco B. Cohort profile: Colombian Cohort for the Early Prediction of Preterm Birth (COLPRET): early prediction of preterm birth based on personal medical history, clinical characteristics, vaginal microbiome, biophysical characteristics of the cervix and maternal serum biochemical markers. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e060556. [PMID: 35636786 PMCID: PMC9152936 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Preterm birth (PTB) is a public health issue. Interventions to prolong the length of gestation have not achieved the expected results, as the selection of population at risk of PTB is still a challenge. Cervical length (CL) is the most accepted biomarker, however in the best scenario the CL identifies half of the patients. It is unlikely that a single measure identifies all pregnant women who will deliver before 37 weeks of gestation, considering the multiple pathways theory. We planned this cohort to study the link between the vaginal microbiome, the proteome, metabolome candidates, characteristics of the cervix and the PTB. PARTICIPANTS Pregnant women in the first trimester of a singleton pregnancy are invited to participate in the study. We are collecting biological samples, including vaginal fluid and blood from every patient, also performing ultrasound measurement that includes Consistency Cervical Index (CCI) and CL. The main outcome is the delivery of a neonate before 37 weeks of gestation. FINDINGS TO DATE We have recruited 244 pregnant women. They all have measurements of the CL and CCI. A vaginal sample for microbiome analysis has been collected in the 244 patients. Most of them agreed to blood collection, 216 (89%). By August 2021, 100 participants had already delivered. Eleven participants (11 %) had a spontaneous PTB. FUTURE PLANS A reference value chart for the first trimester CCI will be created. We will gather information regarding the feasibility, reproducibility and limitations of CCI. Proteomic and metabolomic analyses will be done to identify the best candidates, and we will validate their use as predictors. Finally, we plan to integrate clinical data, ultrasound measurements and biological profiles into an algorithm to obtain a multidimensional biomarker to identify the individual risk for PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Hernan Becerra-Mojica
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Health Faculty, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
- Maternal-fetal Medicine Unit, Hospital Universitario de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
- Centro de Atencion Materno-fetal INUTERO, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | | | | | | | - Bladimiro Rincon Orozco
- Basics Sciences Department, Health Faculty, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia
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Devvanshi H, Kachhwaha R, Manhswita A, Bhatnagar S, Kshetrapal P. Immunological Changes in Pregnancy and Prospects of Therapeutic Pla-Xosomes in Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:895254. [PMID: 35517798 PMCID: PMC9065684 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.895254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stringent balance of the immune system is a key regulatory factor in defining successful implantation, fetal development, and timely parturition. Interference in these primary regulatory mechanisms, either at adolescence or prenatal state led to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Fertility restoration with the help of injectable gonadotrophins/progesterone, ovulation-inducing drugs, immunomodulatory drugs (corticosteroids), and reproductive surgeries provides inadequate responses, which manifest its own side effects. The development of a potential diagnostic biomarker and an effectual treatment for adverse pregnancy outcomes is a prerequisite to maternal and child health. Parent cell originated bi-layered-intraluminal nano-vesicles (30-150 nm) also known as exosomes are detected in all types of bodily fluids like blood, saliva, breast milk, urine, etc. Exosomes being the most biological residual structures with the least cytotoxicity are loaded with cargo in the form of RNAs (miRNAs), proteins (cytokines), hormones (estrogen, progesterone, etc.), cDNAs, and metabolites making them chief molecules of cell-cell communication. Their keen involvement in the regulation of biological processes has portrayed them as the power shots of cues to understand the disease's pathophysiology and progression. Recent studies have demonstrated the role of immunexosomes (immunomodulating exosomes) in maintaining unwavering immune homeostasis between the mother and developing fetus for a healthy pregnancy. Moreover, the concentration and size of the exosomes are extensively studied in adverse pregnancies like preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and preterm premature rupture of membrane (pPROMs) as an early diagnostic marker, thus giving in-depth information about their pathophysiology. Exosomes have also been engineered physically as well as genetically to enhance their encapsulation efficiency and specificity in therapy for cancer and adverse pregnancies. Successful bench to bedside discoveries and interventions in cancer has motivated developmental biologists to investigate the role of immunexosomes and their active components. Our review summarizes the pre-clinical studies for the use of these power-shots as therapeutic agents. We envisage that these studies will pave the path for the use of immunexosomes in clinical settings for reproductive problems that arise due to immune perturbance in homeostasis either at adolescence or prenatal state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himadri Devvanshi
- Maternal and Child Health, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Rohit Kachhwaha
- Maternal and Child Health, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Anima Manhswita
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Shinjini Bhatnagar
- Maternal and Child Health, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Pallavi Kshetrapal
- Maternal and Child Health, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
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Gebara N, Scheel J, Skovronova R, Grange C, Marozio L, Gupta S, Giorgione V, Caicci F, Benedetto C, Khalil A, Bussolati B. Single extracellular vesicle analysis in human amniotic fluid shows evidence of phenotype alterations in preeclampsia. J Extracell Vesicles 2022; 11:e12217. [PMID: 35582873 PMCID: PMC9115584 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Amniotic fluid surrounding the developing fetus is a complex biological fluid rich in metabolically active bio-factors. The presence of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in amniotic fluid has been mainly related to foetal urine. We here characterized EVs from term amniotic fluid in terms of surface marker expression using different orthogonal techniques. EVs appeared to be a heterogeneous population expressing markers of renal, placental, epithelial and stem cells. Moreover, we compared amniotic fluid EVs from normal pregnancies with those of preeclampsia, a hypertensive disorder affecting up to 8% of pregnancies worldwide. An increase of CD105 (endoglin) expressing EVs was observed in preeclamptic amniotic fluid by bead-based cytofluorimetric analysis, and further confirmed using a chip-based analysis. HLA-G, a typical placental marker, was not co-expressed by the majority of CD105+ EVs, in analogy with amniotic fluid stromal cell derived-EVs. At a functional level, preeclampsia-derived EVs, but not normal pregnancy EVs, showed an antiangiogenic effect, possibly due to the decoy effect of endoglin. Our results provide a characterization of term amniotic fluid-EVs, supporting their origin from foetal and placental cells. In preeclampsia, the observed antiangiogenic characteristics of amniotic fluid-EVs may reflect the hypoxic and antiangiogenic microenvironment and could possibly impact on the developing fetus or on the surrounding foetal membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Gebara
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Julia Scheel
- Department of Systems Biology and BioinformaticsUniversity of RostockRostockGermany
| | - Renata Skovronova
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | | | - Luca Marozio
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Shailendra Gupta
- Department of Systems Biology and BioinformaticsUniversity of RostockRostockGermany
| | - Veronica Giorgione
- Vascular Biology Research CentreMolecular and Clinical Sciences Research InstituteSt George's University of LondonLondonUK
| | | | - Chiara Benedetto
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Asma Khalil
- Vascular Biology Research CentreMolecular and Clinical Sciences Research InstituteSt George's University of LondonLondonUK
- Foetal Medicine UnitSt George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustSt George's University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
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Ben-Nissan G, Katzir N, Füzesi-Levi MG, Sharon M. Biology of the Extracellular Proteasome. Biomolecules 2022; 12:619. [PMID: 35625547 PMCID: PMC9139032 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteasomes are traditionally considered intracellular complexes that play a critical role in maintaining proteostasis by degrading short-lived regulatory proteins and removing damaged proteins. Remarkably, in addition to these well-studied intracellular roles, accumulating data indicate that proteasomes are also present in extracellular body fluids. Not much is known about the origin, biological role, mode(s) of regulation or mechanisms of extracellular transport of these complexes. Nevertheless, emerging evidence indicates that the presence of proteasomes in the extracellular milieu is not a random phenomenon, but rather a regulated, coordinated physiological process. In this review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of extracellular proteasomes. To this end, we examine 143 proteomic datasets, leading us to the realization that 20S proteasome subunits are present in at least 25 different body fluids. Our analysis also indicates that while 19S subunits exist in some of those fluids, the dominant proteasome activator in these compartments is the PA28α/β complex. We also elaborate on the positive correlations that have been identified in plasma and extracellular vesicles, between 20S proteasome and activity levels to disease severity and treatment efficacy, suggesting the involvement of this understudied complex in pathophysiology. In addition, we address the considerations and practical experimental methods that should be taken when investigating extracellular proteasomes. Overall, we hope this review will stimulate new opportunities for investigation and thoughtful discussions on this exciting topic that will contribute to the maturation of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Michal Sharon
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (G.B.-N.); (N.K.); (M.G.F.-L.)
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The theranostic roles of extracellular vesicles in pregnancy disorders. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL REPRODUCTION AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.12750/jarb.37.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Guo S, Hao H, Li S, Zhang L, Li R. Differential Expression of Urinary Exosomal miRNA in Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy and Evaluation of its Diagnostic Value. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2022; 256:327-336. [PMID: 35296567 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.2022.j002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Songjia Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Huiqiang Hao
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital
| | | | - Lifeng Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Rongshan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital
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Menon R, Dixon CL, Cayne S, Radnaa E, Salomon C, Sheller-Miller S. Differences in cord blood extracellular vesicle cargo in preterm and term births. Am J Reprod Immunol 2022; 87:e13521. [PMID: 35007379 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study determined the cord plasma-derived extracellular vesicle (exosomes; 30-160 nm particles) proteomic profile in patients who had spontaneous preterm birth (PTB) or preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM), compared to those who delivered at term regardless of labor status. METHODS This is a cross-sectional analysis of a retrospective cohort that quantified and determined the proteomic cargo content of exosomes present in cord blood plasma samples in PTB or pPROM, and normal term in labor (TL) or term not in labor (TNIL) pregnancies. Exosomes were isolated by differential centrifugation followed by size exclusion chromatography. Exosomes were characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis (quantity and size) and markers (dot blots for exosome markers). The exosomal proteomic profile was identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Ingenuity pathway analysis determined canonical pathways and biofunctions associated with dysregulated proteins. RESULTS Cord plasma exosomes have similar quantity and exhibit both tetraspanin and ESCRT protein markers specific of exosomes regardless of the conditions. Proteomics analysis exhibited several similar markers as well as very unique markers in exosomes from each condition; however, bioinformatics analysis revealed a generalized and non-specific inflammatory condition represented in exosomes from different condition that is not indicative of any specific underlying biological functions indicative of an underlying pathology. CONCLUSIONS Compared to maternal plasma and amniotic fluid exosomes, the value of cord plasma derived exosomes is limited. Quantity, character, and proteomic cargo contents in exosomes or the pathways and functions represented by differentially expressed proteins do not distinguish specific conditions regarding normal and abnormal parturition. The value of cord plasma exosome proteomic cargo has limited value as an indicator of an underlying physiology or as a biomarker of fetal well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Basic and Translation Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Christopher Luke Dixon
- Division of Basic and Translation Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Samir Cayne
- Division of Basic and Translation Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Enkhtuya Radnaa
- Division of Basic and Translation Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Carlos Salomon
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Samantha Sheller-Miller
- Division of Basic and Translation Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
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Morelli AE, Sadovsky Y. Extracellular vesicles and immune response during pregnancy: A balancing act. Immunol Rev 2022; 308:105-122. [PMID: 35199366 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying maternal tolerance of the semi- or fully-allogeneic fetus are intensely investigated. Across gestation, feto-placental antigens interact with the maternal immune system locally within the trophoblast-decidual interface and distantly through shed cells and soluble molecules that interact with maternal secondary lymphoid tissues. The discovery of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as local or systemic carriers of antigens and immune-regulatory molecules has added a new dimension to our understanding of immune modulation prior to implantation, during trophoblast invasion, and throughout the course of pregnancy. New data on immune-regulatory molecules, located on EVs or within their cargo, suggest a role for EVs in negotiating immune tolerance during gestation. Lessons from the field of transplant immunology also shed light on possible interactions between feto-placentally derived EVs and maternal lymphoid tissues. These insights illuminate a potential role for EVs in major obstetrical disorders. This review provides updated information on intensely studied, pregnancy-related EVs, their cargo molecules, and patterns of fetal-placental-maternal trafficking, highlighting potential immune pathways that might underlie immune suppression or activation in gestational health and disease. Our summary also underscores the likely need to broaden the definition of the maternal-fetal interface to systemic maternal immune tissues that might interact with circulating EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian E Morelli
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yoel Sadovsky
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Li W, Zhang S, Wang D, Zhang H, Shi Q, Zhang Y, Wang M, Ding Z, Xu S, Gao B, Yan M. Exosomes Immunity Strategy: A Novel Approach for Ameliorating Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:822149. [PMID: 35223870 PMCID: PMC8870130 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.822149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP), which is one of the most severe medical and social problems globally, has affected nearly 80% of the population worldwide, and intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a common musculoskeletal disorder that happens to be the primary trigger of LBP. The pathology of IDD is based on the impaired homeostasis of catabolism and anabolism in the extracellular matrix (ECM), uncontrolled activation of immunologic cascades, dysfunction, and loss of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells in addition to dynamic cellular and biochemical alterations in the microenvironment of intervertebral disc (IVD). Currently, the main therapeutic approach regarding IDD is surgical intervention, but it could not considerably cure IDD. Exosomes, extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 30–150 nm, are secreted by various kinds of cell types like stem cells, tumor cells, immune cells, and endothelial cells; the lipid bilayer of the exosomes protects them from ribonuclease degradation and helps improve their biological efficiency in recipient cells. Increasing lines of evidence have reported the promising applications of exosomes in immunological diseases, and regarded exosomes as a potential therapeutic source for IDD. This review focuses on clarifying novel therapies based on exosomes derived from different cell sources and the essential roles of exosomes in regulating IDD, especially the immunologic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihang Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shilei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yanan University, Yanan, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Quan Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuyuan Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Mo Wang
- The First Brigade of Basic Medical College, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ziyi Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Songjie Xu
- Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Songjie Xu, ; Bo Gao, ; Ming Yan,
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Songjie Xu, ; Bo Gao, ; Ming Yan,
| | - Ming Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Songjie Xu, ; Bo Gao, ; Ming Yan,
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Huang W, Ural S, Zhu Y. Preterm labor tests: current status and future directions. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2022; 59:278-296. [DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2022.2027864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Serdar Ural
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Yusheng Zhu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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Xiang XN, Zhu SY, He HC, Yu X, Xu Y, He CQ. Mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapy for cartilage regeneration in knee osteoarthritis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:14. [PMID: 35012666 PMCID: PMC8751117 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02689-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis, as a degenerative disease, is a common problem and results in high socioeconomic costs and rates of disability. The most commonly affected joint is the knee and characterized by progressive destruction of articular cartilage, loss of extracellular matrix, and progressive inflammation. Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based therapy has been explored as a new regenerative treatment for knee osteoarthritis in recent years. However, the detailed functions of MSC-based therapy and related mechanism, especially of cartilage regeneration, have not been explained. Hence, this review summarized how to choose, authenticate, and culture different origins of MSCs and derived exosomes. Moreover, clinical application and the latest mechanistical findings of MSC-based therapy in cartilage regeneration were also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Na Xiang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,School of Rehabilitation Sciences, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Yi Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,School of Rehabilitation Sciences, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Chen He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,School of Rehabilitation Sciences, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,School of Rehabilitation Sciences, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,School of Rehabilitation Sciences, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Qi He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China. .,School of Rehabilitation Sciences, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China. .,Rehabilitation Medicine Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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Costa A, Quarto R, Bollini S. Small Extracellular Vesicles from Human Amniotic Fluid Samples as Promising Theranostics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020590. [PMID: 35054775 PMCID: PMC8775841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the first evidence that stem cells can provide pro-resolving effects via paracrine secretion of soluble factors, growing interest has been addressed to define the most ideal cell source for clinical translation. Leftover or clinical waste samples of human amniotic fluid obtained following prenatal screening, clinical intervention, or during scheduled caesarean section (C-section) delivery at term have been recently considered an appealing source of mesenchymal progenitors with peculiar regenerative capacity. Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSC) have been demonstrated to support tissue recovery in several preclinical models of disease by exerting paracrine proliferative, anti-inflammatory and regenerative influence. Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) concentrated from the hAFSC secretome (the total soluble trophic factors secreted in the cell-conditioned medium, hAFSC-CM) recapitulate most of the beneficial cell effects. Independent studies in preclinical models of either adult disorders or severe diseases in newborns have suggested a regenerative role of hAFSC-EVs. EVs can be eventually concentrated from amniotic fluid (hAF) to offer useful prenatal information, as recently suggested. In this review, we focus on the most significant aspects of EVs obtained from either hAFSC and hAF and consider the current challenges for their clinical translation, including isolation, characterization and quantification methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambra Costa
- Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.C.); (R.Q.)
| | - Rodolfo Quarto
- Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.C.); (R.Q.)
- Cellular Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Sveva Bollini
- Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.C.); (R.Q.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-010-555-8394
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Saleem T, Sumrin A, Bilal M, Bashir H, Khawar MB. Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles: Potential tool for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:2063-2071. [PMID: 35531155 PMCID: PMC9073005 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Various types of cancer pose a notable threat to human health globally. To date, many researchers have undertaken the search for anticancer therapies. However, many anticancer therapeutic approaches accompany many undesirable hazards. In this respect, extracellular vesicles as a whole gained excessive attention from the research community owing to their remarkable potential for delivery of anticancer agents since they are involved in distal intercellular communication via biological cargoes. With the discovery of the fact that tumor cells discharge huge quantities of EVs, new insights have been developed in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TD-EVs) can be distinguished from the normal cell-derived EVs due to the presence of specific labels on their surface. TD-EVs carry specific oncogenic proteins and the nucleic acids on their surface membrane that participate in tumor progression. Moreover, the proportion of these nucleic acids and the protein greatly varies among malignant and healthy cell-derived EVs. The diagnostic potential of TD-EVs can be implied for the more precise and early-stage detection of cancer that was impossible in the past. This review examines the recent progress in prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic potential of the EVs derived from the tumor cells.
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Zhao X, Xu B, Duan W, Chang L, Tan R, Sun Z, Ye Z. Insights into Exosome in the Intervertebral Disc: Emerging Role for Disc Homeostasis and Normal Function. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:1695-1705. [PMID: 36237988 PMCID: PMC9553858 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.75285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a chronic condition that causes great individual suffering and economic burden. The major contributor of LBP is intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), which is caused by a spectrum of homeostasis alteration, including the apoptosis of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF) cells, degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM), calcification of cartilaginous endplates (CEP) and so on. Currently, the therapeutic strategy for IDD includes conservative and surgery treatment. Nevertheless, none of them could reverse the progressive destruction of the intervertebral disc. Hence, it is pivotal to pursue a new therapeutic approach. Exosomes, nano-sized substances with diameters of 30-150 nm, can be synthesized and secreted by various types of cells. They play an important role in intercellular communication. Increasing evidence implicates that exosomes could impact the intracellular transcription activities, thereby inhibiting or accelerating the proliferation and apoptosis of cells. Thus, it is a new therapeutic source for IDD. This review chiefly focuses on generalizing and clarifying the roles of exosomes in the onset and deterioration of IDD, and their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University. Western Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shannxi Provence, P. R. China
| | - Benchi Xu
- Department of Orthopedic, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University. Western Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shannxi Provence, P. R. China
| | - Wei Duan
- Department of Orthopedic, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University. Western Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shannxi Provence, P. R. China
| | - Le Chang
- Department of Orthopedic, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University. Western Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shannxi Provence, P. R. China
| | - Rui Tan
- Department of Orthopedic, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University. Western Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shannxi Provence, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Sun
- Department of Orthopedic, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University. Western Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shannxi Provence, P. R. China
| | - Zhengxu Ye
- Department of Orthopedic, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University. Western Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shannxi Provence, P. R. China
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Spencer NR, Radnaa E, Baljinnyam T, Kechichian T, Tantengco OAG, Bonney E, Kammala AK, Sheller-Miller S, Menon R. Development of a mouse model of ascending infection and preterm birth. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260370. [PMID: 34855804 PMCID: PMC8638907 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbial invasion of the intraamniotic cavity and intraamniotic inflammation are factors associated with spontaneous preterm birth. Understanding the route and kinetics of infection, sites of colonization, and mechanisms of host inflammatory response is critical to reducing preterm birth risk. OBJECTIVES This study developed an animal model of ascending infection and preterm birth with live bacteria (E. coli) in pregnant CD-1 mice with the goal of better understanding the process of microbial invasion of the intraamniotic cavity and intraamniotic inflammation. STUDY DESIGN Multiple experiments were conducted in this study. To determine the dose of E. coli required to induce preterm birth, CD-1 mice were injected vaginally with four different doses of E. coli (103, 106, 1010, or 1011 colony forming units [CFU]) in 40 μL of nutrient broth or broth alone (control) on an embryonic day (E)15. Preterm birth (defined as delivery before E18.5) was monitored using live video. E. coli ascent kinetics were measured by staining the E. coli with lipophilic tracer DiD for visualization through intact tissue with an in vivo imaging system (IVIS) after inoculation. The E. coli were also directly visualized in reproductive tissues by staining the bacteria with carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) prior to administration and via immunohistochemistry (IHC) by staining tissues with anti-E. coli antibody. Each pup's amniotic fluid was cultured separately to determine the extent of microbial invasion of the intraamniotic cavity at different time points. Intraamniotic inflammation resulting from E. coli invasion was assessed with IHC for inflammatory markers (TLR-4, P-NF-κB) and neutrophil marker (Ly-6G) for chorioamnionitis at 6- and 24-h post-inoculation. RESULTS Vaginally administered E. coli resulted in preterm birth in a dose-dependent manner with higher doses causing earlier births. In ex vivo imaging and IHC detected uterine horns proximal to the cervix had increased E. coli compared to the distal uterine horns. E. coli were detected in the uterus, fetal membranes (FM), and placenta in a time-dependent manner with 6 hr having increased intensity of E. coli positive signals in pups near the cervix and in all pups at 24 hr. Similarly, E. coli grew from the cultures of amniotic fluid collected nearest to the cervix, but not from the more distal samples at 6 hr post-inoculation. At 24 hr, all amniotic fluid cultures regardless of distance from the cervix, were positive for E. coli. TLR-4 and P-NF-κB signals were more intense in the tissues where E. coli was present (placenta, FM and uterus), displaying a similar trend toward increased signal in proximal gestational sacs compared to distal at 6 hr. Ly-6G+ cells, used to confirm chorioamnionitis, were increased at 24 hr compared to 6 hr post-inoculation and control. CONCLUSION We report the development of mouse model of ascending infection and the associated inflammation of preterm birth. Clinically, these models can help to understand mechanisms of infection associated preterm birth, determine targets for intervention, or identify potential biomarkers that can predict a high-risk pregnancy status early in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas R. Spencer
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Enkhtuya Radnaa
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Tuvshintugs Baljinnyam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Talar Kechichian
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ourlad Alzeus G. Tantengco
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Elizabeth Bonney
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Ananth Kumar Kammala
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Samantha Sheller-Miller
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
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Bellio MA, Young KC, Milberg J, Santos I, Abdullah Z, Stewart D, Arango A, Chen P, Huang J, Williams K, Kelly K, Sterling S, Khan A, Xu X, Shapiro GC, Mitrani MI. Amniotic fluid-derived extracellular vesicles: characterization and therapeutic efficacy in an experimental model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Cytotherapy 2021; 23:1097-1107. [PMID: 34538718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are being tested for their use as novel therapeutics. However, the optimal source of EVs is currently under investigation. Amniotic fluid (AF) is a natural source of EVs that can be easily obtained for use in regenerative medicine, yet AF-EV characterization has not been fully explored. METHODS Here the authors demonstrate AF as a rich source of EVs and identify the microRNA and proteomic cargo. Bioinformatics analysis of this cargo revealed multiple pathway targets, including immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging networks. The authors further demonstrated the therapeutic potential of this EV product as a novel preventative agent for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). RESULTS Intra-tracheal administration of AF-EVs preserved alveolar development, attenuated vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension, decreased lung pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and reduced macrophage infiltration in an experimental BPD model. CONCLUSIONS The authors' results suggest that AF is a viable biological fluid for EV harvest and that AF-EVs have strong therapeutic potential for pulmonary diseases, such as BPD, warranting further development to transition this novel EV product into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen C Young
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Julian Milberg
- Organicell Regenerative Medicine, Inc, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ivan Santos
- Organicell Regenerative Medicine, Inc, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Zanub Abdullah
- Organicell Regenerative Medicine, Inc, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - Alissa Arango
- Organicell Regenerative Medicine, Inc, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Pingping Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Kevin Williams
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Kelly
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Shanique Sterling
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - Xiumin Xu
- AssureImmune LLC, Miami, Florida, USA
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Mirfakhraie R, Noorazar L, Mohammadian M, Hajifathali A, Gholizadeh M, Salimi M, Sankanian G, Roshandel E, Mehdizadeh M. Treatment Failure in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Focus on the Role of Extracellular Vesicles. Leuk Res 2021; 112:106751. [PMID: 34808592 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2021.106751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) is one of the most common types of blood malignancies that results in an AML-associated high mortality rate each year. Several causes have been reported as prognostic factors for AML in children and adults, the most important of which are cytogenetic abnormalities and environmental risk factors. Following the discovery of numerous drugs for AML treatment, leukemic cells sought a way to escape from the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy drugs, leading to treatment failure. Nowadays, comprehensive studies have looked at the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by AML blasts and how the microenvironment of the tumor changes in favor of cancer progression and survival to discover the mechanisms of treatment failure to choose the well-advised treatment. Reports show that malignant cells secrete EVs that transmit messages to adjacent cells and the tumor's microenvironment. By secreting EVs, containing immune-inhibiting cytokines, AML cells inactivate the immune system against malignant cells, thus ensuring their survival. Also, increased secretion of EVs in various malignancies indicates an unfavorable prognostic factor and the possibility of drug resistance. In this study, we briefly reviewed the challenges of treating AML with a glance at the EVs' role in this process. It is hoped that with a deeper understanding of EVs, new therapies will be developed to eliminate the relapse of leukemic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Mirfakhraie
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Noorazar
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mozhdeh Mohammadian
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abbas Hajifathali
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Majid Gholizadeh
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Salimi
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ghazaleh Sankanian
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Elham Roshandel
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahshid Mehdizadeh
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Kaddour H, Tranquille M, Okeoma CM. The Past, the Present, and the Future of the Size Exclusion Chromatography in Extracellular Vesicles Separation. Viruses 2021; 13:2272. [PMID: 34835078 PMCID: PMC8618570 DOI: 10.3390/v13112272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived membranous particles secreted by all cell types (including virus infected and uninfected cells) into the extracellular milieu. EVs carry, protect, and transport a wide array of bioactive cargoes to recipient/target cells. EVs regulate physiological and pathophysiological processes in recipient cells and are important in therapeutics/drug delivery. Despite these great attributes of EVs, an efficient protocol for EV separation from biofluids is lacking. Numerous techniques have been adapted for the separation of EVs with size exclusion chromatography (SEC)-based methods being the most promising. Here, we review the SEC protocols used for EV separation, and discuss opportunities for significant improvements, such as the development of novel particle purification liquid chromatography (PPLC) system capable of tandem purification and characterization of biological and synthetic particles with near-single vesicle resolution. Finally, we identify future perspectives and current issues to make PPLC a tool capable of providing a unified, automated, adaptable, yet simple and affordable particle separation resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Kaddour
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - Malik Tranquille
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
| | - Chioma M. Okeoma
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
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