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Sheikh E, Liu Q, Burk D, Beavers WN, Fu X, Gartia MR. Mapping lipid species remodeling in high fat diet-fed mice: Unveiling adipose tissue dysfunction with Raman microspectroscopy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159557. [PMID: 39128539 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Dysregulated lipid metabolism in obesity leads to adipose tissue expansion, a major contributor to metabolic dysfunction and chronic disease. Lipid metabolism and fatty acid changes play vital roles in the progression of obesity. In this proof-of-concept study, Raman techniques combined with histochemical imaging methods were utilized to analyze the impact of a high-fat diet (HFD) on different types of adipose tissue in mice, using a small sample size (n = 3 per group). After six weeks of high-fat diet (HFD) feeding, our findings showed hypertrophy, elevated collagen levels, and increased macrophage presence in the adipose tissues of the HFD group compared to the low-fat diet (LFD) group. Statistical analysis of Raman spectra revealed significantly lower unsaturated lipid levels and higher lipid to protein content in different fat pads (brown adipose tissue (BAT), subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SWAT), and visceral white adipose tissue (VWAT)) with HFD. Raman images of adipose tissues were analyzed using Empty modeling and DCLS methods to spatially profile unsaturated and saturated lipid species in the tissues. It revealed elevated levels of ω-3, ω-6, cholesterol, and triacylglycerols in BAT adipose tissues of HFD compared to LFD tissues. These findings indicated that while cholesterol, ω-6/ω-3 ratio, and triacylglycerol levels have risen in the SWAT and VWAT adipose tissues of the HFD group, the levels of ω-3 and ω-6 have decreased following the HFD. The study showed that Raman spectroscopy provided invaluable information at the molecular level for investigating lipid species remodeling and spatial mapping of adipose tissues during HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Sheikh
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Qianglin Liu
- LSU AgCenter, School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - David Burk
- Cell Biology and Bioimaging Core, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - William N Beavers
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Mass Spectrometry Resource Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Xing Fu
- LSU AgCenter, School of Animal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
| | - Manas Ranjan Gartia
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
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Savulescu-Fiedler I, Mihalcea R, Dragosloveanu S, Scheau C, Baz RO, Caruntu A, Scheau AE, Caruntu C, Benea SN. The Interplay between Obesity and Inflammation. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:856. [PMID: 39063610 PMCID: PMC11277997 DOI: 10.3390/life14070856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an important condition affecting the quality of life of numerous patients and increasing their associated risk for multiple diseases, including tumors and immune-mediated disorders. Inflammation appears to play a major role in the development of obesity and represents a central point for the activity of cellular and humoral components in the adipose tissue. Macrophages play a key role as the main cellular component of the adipose tissue regulating the chronic inflammation and modulating the secretion and differentiation of various pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Inflammation also involves a series of signaling pathways that might represent the focus for new therapies and interventions. Weight loss is essential in decreasing cardiometabolic risks and the degree of associated inflammation; however, the latter can persist for long after the excess weight is lost, and can involve changes in macrophage phenotypes that can ensure the metabolic adjustment. A clear understanding of the pathophysiological processes in the adipose tissue and the interplay between obesity and chronic inflammation can lead to a better understanding of the development of comorbidities and may ensure future targets for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilinca Savulescu-Fiedler
- Department of Internal Medicine, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Coltea Clinical Hospital, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Razvan Mihalcea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Coltea Clinical Hospital, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Serban Dragosloveanu
- Department of Orthopaedics, “Foisor” Clinical Hospital of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Osteoarticular TB, 021382 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania (C.C.)
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, “Foisor” Clinical Hospital of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Osteoarticular TB, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Radu Octavian Baz
- Clinical Laboratory of Radiology and Medical Imaging, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” County Emergency Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University, 900527 Constanta, Romania
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea-Elena Scheau
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania (C.C.)
- Department of Dermatology, “Prof. N.C. Paulescu” National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Serban Nicolae Benea
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- “Prof. Dr. Matei Balș” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, 021105 Bucharest, Romania
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Wang Q, Hartig SM, Ballantyne CM, Wu H. The multifaceted life of macrophages in white adipose tissue: Immune shift couples with metabolic switch. Immunol Rev 2024; 324:11-24. [PMID: 38683173 PMCID: PMC11262992 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) is a vital endocrine organ that regulates energy balance and metabolic homeostasis. In addition to fat cells, WAT harbors macrophages with distinct phenotypes that play crucial roles in immunity and metabolism. Nutrient demands cause macrophages to accumulate in WAT niches, where they remodel the microenvironment and produce beneficial or detrimental effects on systemic metabolism. Given the abundance of macrophages in WAT, this review summarizes the heterogeneity of WAT macrophages in physiological and pathological conditions, including their alterations in quantity, phenotypes, characteristics, and functions during WAT growth and development, as well as healthy or unhealthy expansion. We will discuss the interactions of macrophages with other cell partners in WAT including adipose stem cells, adipocytes, and T cells in the context of various microenvironment niches in lean or obese condition. Finally, we highlight how adipose tissue macrophages merge immunity and metabolic changes to govern energy balance for the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Sean M. Hartig
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA 77030
| | | | - Huaizhu Wu
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA 77030
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Rokka S, Sadeghinejad M, Hudgins EC, Johnson EJ, Nguyen T, Fancher IS. Visceral adipose of obese mice inhibits endothelial inwardly rectifying K + channels in a CD36-dependent fashion. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1543-C1555. [PMID: 38586877 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00073.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Obesity imposes deficits on adipose tissue and vascular endothelium, yet the role that distinct adipose depots play in mediating endothelial dysfunction in local arteries remains unresolved. We recently showed that obesity impairs endothelial Kir2.1 channels, mediators of nitric oxide production, in arteries of visceral adipose tissue (VAT), while Kir2.1 function in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) endothelium remains intact. Therefore, we determined if VAT versus SAT from lean or diet-induced obese mice affected Kir2.1 channel function in vitro. We found that VAT from obese mice reduces Kir2.1 function without altering channel expression whereas AT from lean mice and SAT from obese mice had no effect on Kir2.1 function as compared to untreated control cells. As Kir2.1 is well known to be inhibited by fatty acid derivatives and obesity is strongly associated with elevated circulating fatty acids, we next tested the role of the fatty acid translocase CD36 in mediating VAT-induced Kir2.1 dysfunction. We found that the downregulation of CD36 restored Kir2.1 currents in endothelial cells exposed to VAT from obese mice. In addition, endothelial cells exposed to VAT from obese mice exhibited a significant increase in CD36-mediated fatty acid uptake. The importance of CD36 in obesity-induced endothelial dysfunction of VAT arteries was further supported in ex vivo pressure myography studies where CD36 ablation rescued the endothelium-dependent response to flow via restoring Kir2.1 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase function. These findings provide new insight into the role of VAT in mediating obesity-induced endothelial dysfunction and suggest a novel role for CD36 as a mediator of endothelial Kir2.1 impairment.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our findings suggest a role for visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in the dysfunction of endothelial Kir2.1 in obesity. We further reveal a role for CD36 as a major contributor to VAT-mediated Kir2.1 and endothelial dysfunction, suggesting that CD36 offers a potential target for preventing the early development of obesity-associated cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabita Rokka
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, College of Health SciencesUniversity of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Masoumeh Sadeghinejad
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, College of Health SciencesUniversity of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Emma C Hudgins
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, College of Health SciencesUniversity of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Erica J Johnson
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, College of Health SciencesUniversity of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, College of Health SciencesUniversity of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Ibra S Fancher
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, College of Health SciencesUniversity of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
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Zhang Y, He TC, Zhang H. The impact of metabolic disorders on management of periodontal health in children. PEDIATRIC DISCOVERY 2024; 2:e38. [PMID: 38784180 PMCID: PMC11115384 DOI: 10.1002/pdi3.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by plaque biofilm which shares risk factors with systemic chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and osteoporosis. Many studies have found increased prevalence and rate of progression of periodontal disease in children with common metabolic disorders. Although the causal relationship and specific mechanism between them has not been determined yet. The aim of this paper is to progress on the impact of metabolic disorders on periodontal health in children and the underlying mechanisms, which provides new evidences for the prevention and intervention of metabolic disorders and periodontitis in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyan Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Bahadoran Z, Mirmiran P, Ghasemi A. Adipose organ dysfunction and type 2 diabetes: Role of nitric oxide. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 221:116043. [PMID: 38325496 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Adipose organ, historically known as specialized lipid-handling tissue serving as the long-term fat depot, is now appreciated as the largest endocrine organ composed of two main compartments, i.e., subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue (AT), madding up white and beige/brown adipocytes. Adipose organ dysfunction manifested as maldistribution of the compartments, hypertrophic, hypoxic, inflamed, and insulin-resistant AT, contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, we highlight the role of nitric oxide (NO·) in AT (dys)function in relation to developing T2D. The key aspects determining lipid and glucose homeostasis in AT depend on the physiological levels of the NO· produced via endothelial NO· synthases (eNOS). In addition to decreased NO· bioavailability (via decreased expression/activity of eNOS or scavenging NO·), excessive NO· produced by inducible NOS (iNOS) in response to hypoxia and AT inflammation may be a critical interfering factor diverting NO· signaling to the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, resulting in AT and whole-body metabolic dysfunction. Pharmacological approaches boosting AT-NO· availability at physiological levels (by increasing NO· production and its stability), as well as suppression of iNOS-NO· synthesis, are potential candidates for developing NO·-based therapeutics in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bahadoran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asghar Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Chen J, Li YT, Niu Z, He Z, Xie YJ, Hernandez J, Huang W, Wang HHX. Association of Visceral Obesity Indices With Incident Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients With Diabetes: Prospective Cohort Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e48120. [PMID: 38319705 PMCID: PMC10879974 DOI: 10.2196/48120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visceral adipose tissue plays an active role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and vascular dysfunction. The lipid accumulation product (LAP), visceral adiposity index (VAI), and Chinese VAI (CVAI) have been proposed as simple and validated surrogate indices for measuring visceral adipose tissue. However, the evidence from prospective studies on the associations between these novel indices of visceral obesity and diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains scant. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal associations of LAP, VAI, and CVAI with incident DR in Chinese patients with diabetes. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study conducted in Guangzhou in southern China. We collected baseline data between November 2017 and July 2020, while on-site follow-up visits were conducted annually until January 2022. The study participants consisted of 1403 patients with a clinical diagnosis of diabetes, referred from primary care, who were free of DR at baseline. The LAP, VAI, and CVAI levels were calculated by sex-specific equations based on anthropometric and biochemical parameters. DR was assessed using 7-field color stereoscopic fundus photographs and graded according to the modified Airlie House Classification scheme. Time-dependent Cox proportional hazard models were constructed to estimate the hazard ratios with 95% CIs. Restricted cubic spline curves were fitted to examine the dose-response relationship between the 3 indices of visceral obesity and new-onset DR. Subgroup analyses were performed to investigate the potential effect modifiers. RESULTS The mean age of study participants was 64.5 (SD 7.6) years, and over half (816/1403, 58.2%) were female. During a median follow-up of 2.13 years, 406 DR events were observed. A 1-SD increment in LAP, VAI, or CVAI was consistently associated with increased risk for new-onset DR, with a multivariable‑adjusted hazard ratio of 1.24 (95% CI 1.09-1.41; P=.001), 1.22 (95% CI 1.09-1.36; P<.001), and 1.48 (95% CI 1.19-1.85; P=.001), respectively. Similar patterns were observed across tertiles in LAP (P for trend=.001), VAI (P for trend<.001), and CVAI (P for trend=.009). Patients in the highest tertile of LAP, VAI, and CVAI had an 84%, 86%, and 82% higher hazard of DR, respectively, compared to those in the lowest tertile. A nonlinear dose-response relationship with incident DR was noted for LAP and VAI (both P for nonlinearity<.05), but not for CVAI (P for nonlinearity=.51). We did not detect the presence of effect modification by age, sex, duration of diabetes, BMI, or comorbidity (all P for interaction>.10). CONCLUSIONS Visceral obesity, as measured by LAP, VAI, or CVAI, is independently associated with increased risk for new-onset DR in Chinese patients with diabetes. Our findings may suggest the necessity of incorporating regular monitoring of visceral obesity indices into routine clinical practice to enhance population-based prevention for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaheng Chen
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zimin Niu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhanpeng He
- Liwan Central Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Jie Xie
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Jose Hernandez
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, EDU, Digital Education Holdings Ltd, Kalkara, Malta
- Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Wenyong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Harry H X Wang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, China (Hong Kong)
- Usher Institute, Deanery of Molecular, Genetic & Population Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Oh JH, Kim GHJ, Song JW. Interstitial lung abnormality evaluated by an automated quantification system: prevalence and progression rate. Respir Res 2024; 25:78. [PMID: 38321467 PMCID: PMC10848490 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02715-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the importance of recognizing interstitial lung abnormalities, screening methods using computer-based quantitative analysis are not well developed, and studies on the subject with an Asian population are rare. We aimed to identify the prevalence and progression rate of interstitial lung abnormality evaluated by an automated quantification system in the Korean population. METHODS A total of 2,890 healthy participants in a health screening program (mean age: 49 years, men: 79.5%) with serial chest computed tomography images obtained at least 5 years apart were included. Quantitative lung fibrosis scores were measured on the chest images by an automated quantification system. Interstitial lung abnormalities were defined as a score ≥ 3, and progression as any score increased above baseline. RESULTS Interstitial lung abnormalities were identified in 251 participants (8.6%), who were older and had a higher body mass index. The prevalence increased with age. Quantification of the follow-up images (median interval: 6.5 years) showed that 23.5% (59/251) of participants initially diagnosed with interstitial lung abnormality exhibited progression, and 11% had developed abnormalities (290/2639). Older age, higher body mass index, and higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate were independent risk factors for progression or development. The interstitial lung abnormality group had worse survival on follow-up (5-year mortality: 3.4% vs. 1.5%; P = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS Interstitial lung abnormality could be identified in one-tenth of the participants, and a quarter of them showed progression. Older age, higher body mass index and higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate increased the risk of development or progression of interstitial lung abnormality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hyun Oh
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Grace Hyun J Kim
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Jin Woo Song
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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Kwon DH, Hwang J, You H, Kim NY, Lee GY, Han SN. Effects of an in vitro vitamin D treatment on the inflammatory responses in visceral adipose tissue from Ldlr-/- mice. Nutr Res Pract 2024; 18:19-32. [PMID: 38352213 PMCID: PMC10861343 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2024.18.1.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Atherosclerosis is associated with increased inflammation in the visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Vitamin D has been reported to modulate the inflammatory responses of stromal vascular cells (SVCs) and adipocytes in adipose tissue, but the role of vitamin D in atherosclerosis biology is unclear. This study examined the effects of in vitro 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25[OH]2D3) treatment on the inflammatory responses of SVCs and adipocytes from atherosclerotic mice. MATERIALS/METHODS C57BL/6J (B6) mice were divided randomly into 2 groups and fed a 10% kcal fat control diet (control group, CON) or 41% kcal fat, 0.21% cholesterol (high fat + cholesterol, HFC) diet (obese group, OB), and B6.129S7-Ldlrtm1Her/J (Ldlr-/-) mice were fed a HFC diet (obese with atherosclerosis group, OBA) for 16 weeks. SVCs and adipocytes isolated from VAT were pre-incubated with 1,25(OH)2D3 for 24 h and stimulated with lipopolysaccarides for the next 24 h. Proinflammatory cytokine production by adipocytes and SVCs, the immune cell population in SVCs, and the expression of the genes involved in the inflammatory signaling pathway in SVCs were determined. RESULTS The numbers of total macrophages and SVCs per mouse were higher in OB and OBA groups than the CON group. The in vitro 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment significantly reduced macrophages/SVCs (%) in the OBA group. Consistent with this change, the production of interleukin-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) by SVCs from the OBA group was decreased by 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment. The 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment significantly reduced the toll-like receptor 4 and dual-specificity protein phosphatase 1 (also known as mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1) mRNA levels in SVCs and MCP-1 production by adipocytes from all 3 groups. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that vitamin D can attribute to the inhibition of the inflammatory response in VAT from atherosclerotic mice by reducing proinflammatory cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deok Hoon Kwon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jungwon Hwang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyeyoung You
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Na Young Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Ga Young Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sung Nim Han
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Research Institute of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Turpin T, Thouvenot K, Gonthier MP. Adipokines and Bacterial Metabolites: A Pivotal Molecular Bridge Linking Obesity and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis to Target. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1692. [PMID: 38136564 PMCID: PMC10742113 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipokines are essential mediators produced by adipose tissue and exert multiple biological functions. In particular, adiponectin, leptin, resistin, IL-6, MCP-1 and PAI-1 play specific roles in the crosstalk between adipose tissue and other organs involved in metabolic, immune and vascular health. During obesity, adipokine imbalance occurs and leads to a low-grade pro-inflammatory status, promoting insulin resistance-related diabetes and its vascular complications. A causal link between obesity and gut microbiota dysbiosis has been demonstrated. The deregulation of gut bacteria communities characterizing this dysbiosis influences the synthesis of bacterial substances including lipopolysaccharides and specific metabolites, generated via the degradation of dietary components, such as short-chain fatty acids, trimethylamine metabolized into trimethylamine-oxide in the liver and indole derivatives. Emerging evidence suggests that these bacterial metabolites modulate signaling pathways involved in adipokine production and action. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the molecular links between gut bacteria-derived metabolites and adipokine imbalance in obesity, and emphasizes their roles in key pathological mechanisms related to oxidative stress, inflammation, insulin resistance and vascular disorder. Given this interaction between adipokines and bacterial metabolites, the review highlights their relevance (i) as complementary clinical biomarkers to better explore the metabolic, inflammatory and vascular complications during obesity and gut microbiota dysbiosis, and (ii) as targets for new antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and prebiotic triple action strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marie-Paule Gonthier
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France; (T.T.); (K.T.)
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11
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Chen Y, Wen W, Mai Z, Wang M, Chen H, Sun J. The serum creatinine to cystatin C to waist circumference ratios predicts risk for type 2 diabetes: A Chinese cohort study. J Diabetes 2023; 15:808-816. [PMID: 37408146 PMCID: PMC10590677 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of research regarding the relationship between creatinine to cystatin C to waist circumference ratio (CCR/WC ratios) and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to evaluate the association between CCR/WC ratios and incident T2DM in Chinese adults. METHODS This prospective study was from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011, 2013, 2015, and 2018). The participants were divided into three groups by tertiaries of the CCR/WC ratios. Cox proportional-hazards models were used to identify the relationship between CCR/WC and T2DM. RESULTS Overall, 5938 participants were included for analysis, 766 of whom developed T2DM between 2011 and 2018. Risk of incident T2DM was decreased with tertiaries 2, 3 versus tertiary 1 of the CCR/WC index (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.772 [95% confidence interval 0.647-0.921] and 0.724 [0.596-0.880], p for trend = .001 across tertiaries of the CCR/WC index). The results were consistent excluding participants with T2DM in the first 2 years. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that CCR/WC was negatively correlated with the risk of T2DM in Chinese adults. Early detection is necessary to control the development of T2DM in Chinese with low CCR/WC levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinfei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Present address:
Shangyu People's Hospital of ShaoxingShaoxingChina
| | - Weiheng Wen
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhiliang Mai
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jia Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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12
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Saha A, Kolonin MG, DiGiovanni J. Obesity and prostate cancer - microenvironmental roles of adipose tissue. Nat Rev Urol 2023; 20:579-596. [PMID: 37198266 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00764-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is known to have important roles in driving prostate cancer aggressiveness and increased mortality. Multiple mechanisms have been postulated for these clinical observations, including effects of diet and lifestyle, systemic changes in energy balance and hormonal regulation and activation of signalling by growth factors and cytokines and other components of the immune system. Over the past decade, research on obesity has shifted towards investigating the role of peri-prostatic white adipose tissue as an important source of locally produced factors that stimulate prostate cancer progression. Cells that comprise white adipose tissue, the adipocytes and their progenitor adipose stromal cells (ASCs), which proliferate to accommodate white adipose tissue expansion in obesity, have been identified as important drivers of obesity-associated cancer progression. Accumulating evidence suggests that adipocytes are a source of lipids that are used by adjacent prostate cancer cells. However, results of preclinical studies indicate that ASCs promote tumour growth by remodelling extracellular matrix and supporting neovascularization, contributing to the recruitment of immunosuppressive cells, and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition through paracrine signalling. Because epithelial-mesenchymal transition is associated with cancer chemotherapy resistance and metastasis, ASCs are considered to be potential targets of therapies that could be developed to suppress cancer aggressiveness in patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achinto Saha
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Dell Paediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Mikhail G Kolonin
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Disease, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Dell Paediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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13
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Lagzdina R, Rumaka M, Gersone G, Tretjakovs P. Circulating Levels of IL-8 and MCP-1 in Healthy Adults: Changes after an Acute Aerobic Exercise and Association with Body Composition and Energy Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14725. [PMID: 37834172 PMCID: PMC10572957 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The most recent WHO recommendations about physical activity emphasise the importance of total exercise volume above the significance of the duration of each bout. This study examined whether acute aerobic exercise changes circulating levels of IL-8 and MCP-1 and if these changes are associated with body composition and energy metabolism. Healthy adult volunteers completed a 10 min walking-running exercise on a treadmill. Indirect calorimetry was used to determine their resting metabolic rate (RMR) and energy expenditure (EE) during the exercise. Pre-exercise levels of IL-8 and MCP-1 were similar in both sexes. There were positive correlations of pre-exercise IL-8 with body mass, waist circumference, and lean body mass in men and pre-exercise MCP-1 with RMR in women. The exercise led to an increase in IL-8 of 68% and a decrease in MCP-1 of 74% of participants. An increase in post-exercise IL-8 in men was associated with greater walking EE and a greater increase in walking EE. The increase in post-exercise MCP-1 was associated with a lower RMR and running EE in women. There are both sex and individual variations in changes in chemokine secretion in response to the same exercise situation and their associations with values of metabolic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maija Rumaka
- Department of Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Riga Stradiņš University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (R.L.)
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14
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Hiraike Y, Saito K, Oguchi M, Wada T, Toda G, Tsutsumi S, Bando K, Sagawa J, Nagano G, Ohno H, Kubota N, Kubota T, Aburatani H, Kadowaki T, Waki H, Yanagimoto S, Yamauchi T. NFIA in adipocytes reciprocally regulates mitochondrial and inflammatory gene program to improve glucose homeostasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2308750120. [PMID: 37487068 PMCID: PMC10401007 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308750120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is central to regulation of energy homeostasis. Adaptive thermogenesis, which relies on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos), dissipates energy to counteract obesity. On the other hand, chronic inflammation in adipose tissue is linked to type 2 diabetes and obesity. Here, we show that nuclear factor I-A (NFIA), a transcriptional regulator of brown and beige adipocytes, improves glucose homeostasis by upregulation of Ox-Phos and reciprocal downregulation of inflammation. Mice with transgenic expression of NFIA in adipocytes exhibited improved glucose tolerance and limited weight gain. NFIA up-regulates Ox-Phos and brown-fat-specific genes by enhancer activation that involves facilitated genomic binding of PPARγ. In contrast, NFIA in adipocytes, but not in macrophages, down-regulates proinflammatory cytokine genes to ameliorate adipose tissue inflammation. NFIA binds to regulatory region of the Ccl2 gene, which encodes proinflammatory cytokine MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), to down-regulate its transcription. CCL2 expression was negatively correlated with NFIA expression in human adipose tissue. These results reveal the beneficial effect of NFIA on glucose and body weight homeostasis and also highlight previously unappreciated role of NFIA in suppressing adipose tissue inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Hiraike
- Division for Health Service Promotion, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-0033, Japan
- The University of Tokyo Excellent Young Researcher Program, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-8654, Japan
| | - Kaede Saito
- Division for Health Service Promotion, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-0033, Japan
| | - Misato Oguchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-8655, Japan
| | - Takahito Wada
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-8655, Japan
| | - Gotaro Toda
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-8655, Japan
| | - Shuichi Tsutsumi
- Genome Science and Medicine Laboratory, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo153-8904, Japan
| | - Kana Bando
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe650-0047, Japan
| | - Junji Sagawa
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima734-8551, Japan
| | - Gaku Nagano
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima734-8551, Japan
| | - Haruya Ohno
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima734-8551, Japan
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-8655, Japan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition Therapy, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo113-8655, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-8655, Japan
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, The Institute of Medical Science, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo103-0002, Japan
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo162-8636, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- Genome Science and Medicine Laboratory, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo153-8904, Japan
| | | | - Hironori Waki
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita010-8543, Japan
| | - Shintaro Yanagimoto
- Division for Health Service Promotion, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-0033, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-8655, Japan
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15
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Finnegan D, Tocmo R, Loscher C. Targeted Application of Functional Foods as Immune Fitness Boosters in the Defense against Viral Infection. Nutrients 2023; 15:3371. [PMID: 37571308 PMCID: PMC10421353 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent times, the emergence of viral infections, including the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the monkeypox virus, and, most recently, the Langya virus, has highlighted the devastating effects of viral infection on human life. There has been significant progress in the development of efficacious vaccines for the prevention and control of viruses; however, the high rates of viral mutation and transmission necessitate the need for novel methods of control, management, and prevention. In recent years, there has been a shift in public awareness on health and wellbeing, with consumers making significant dietary changes to improve their immunity and overall health. This rising health awareness is driving a global increase in the consumption of functional foods. This review delves into the benefits of functional foods as potential natural means to modulate the host immune system to enhance defense against viral infections. We provide an overview of the functional food market in Europe and discuss the benefits of enhancing immune fitness in high-risk groups, including the elderly, those with obesity, and people with underlying chronic conditions. We also discuss the immunomodulatory mechanisms of key functional foods, including dairy proteins and hydrolysates, plant-based functional foods, fermentates, and foods enriched with vitamin D, zinc, and selenium. Our findings reveal four key immunity boosting mechanisms by functional foods, including inhibition of viral proliferation and binding to host cells, modulation of the innate immune response in macrophages and dendritic cells, enhancement of specific immune responses in T cells and B cells, and promotion of the intestinal barrier function. Overall, this review demonstrates that diet-derived nutrients and functional foods show immense potential to boost viral immunity in high-risk individuals and can be an important approach to improving overall immune health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christine Loscher
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, D09 DX63 Dublin, Ireland; (D.F.); (R.T.)
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16
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Lempesis IG, Hoebers N, Essers Y, Jocken JWE, Dineen R, Blaak EE, Manolopoulos KN, Goossens GH. Distinct inflammatory signatures of upper and lower body adipose tissue and adipocytes in women with normal weight or obesity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1205799. [PMID: 37455922 PMCID: PMC10338223 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1205799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Upper and lower body fat accumulation poses an opposing obesity-related cardiometabolic disease risk. Depot-differences in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) function may underlie these associations. We aimed to investigate the inflammatory signatures of abdominal (ABD) and femoral (FEM) SAT in postmenopausal women with normal weight or obesity. Methods We included 23 postmenopausal women with normal weight (n = 13) or obesity (n = 10). In vivo secretion of adipokines from ABD and FEM SAT was measured using the arterio-venous balance technique. Adipokine gene expression and adipocyte morphology were examined in ABD and FEM SAT. Furthermore, adipokine expression and secretion were investigated in vitro using differentiated human primary ABD and FEM subcutaneous adipocytes derived from the study participants. Results Plasma leptin and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 concentrations were higher, and ABD and FEM adipocytes were larger in women with obesity than normal weight. No differences in adipocyte size and blood flow were apparent between ABD and FEM SAT. We found significant release of leptin and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 from ABD and FEM SAT, with higher fractional release of MCP-1 from ABD than FEM SAT. Gene expression of leptin, PAI-1, and tumor necrosis factor-α was lower in ABD than FEM SAT and higher in women with obesity than normal weight. In ABD adipocytes, interleukin-6, PAI-1, and leptin gene expression were higher, while adiponectin and dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 gene expression were lower than in FEM adipocytes. Finally, ABD adipocytes secreted less MCP-1 compared to FEM adipocytes. Discussion These findings demonstrate that upper and lower body SAT and adipocytes are characterized by distinct inflammatory signatures in postmenopausal women, which seem independent of adipocyte size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis G. Lempesis
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole Hoebers
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Essers
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Johan W. E. Jocken
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Rosemary Dineen
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ellen E. Blaak
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Konstantinos N. Manolopoulos
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gijs H. Goossens
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands, Maastricht, Netherlands
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17
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Parasuaraman G, Ayyasamy L, Aune D, Sen A, Nagarajan R, Rajkumar P, Velusamy S, Manickam P, Sivaprakasam S. The association between body mass index, abdominal fatness, and weight change and the risk of adult asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7745. [PMID: 37173338 PMCID: PMC10182066 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31373-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has been associated with increased risk of adult asthma, however, not all studies have found a clear association between overweight and the incidence of asthma, and data on other adiposity measures have been limited. Hence, we aimed to summarize evidence on association between adiposity and adult asthma. Relevant studies were retrieved through searches conducted in PubMed, and EMBASE up to March 2021. A total of sixteen studies (63,952 cases and 1,161,169 participants) were included in the quantitative synthesis. The summary RR was 1.32 (95% CI 1.21-1.44, I2 = 94.6%, pheterogeneity < 0.0001, n = 13) per 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI, 1.26 (95% CI 1.09-1.46, I2 = 88.6%, pheterogeneity < 0.0001, n = 5) per 10 cm increase in waist circumference and 1.33 (95% CI 1.22-1.44, I2 = 62.3%, pheterogeneity= 0.05, n = 4) per 10 kg increase in weight gain. Although the test for nonlinearity was significant for BMI (pnonlinearity < 0.00001), weight change (pnonlinearity = 0.002), and waist circumference (pnonlinearity = 0.02), there was a clear dose-response relationship between higher levels of adiposity and asthma risk. The magnitude of the associations and the consistency of the results across studies and adiposity measures provide strong evidence that overweight and obesity, waist circumference and weight gain increases asthma risk. These findings support policies to curb the global epidemic of overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lavanya Ayyasamy
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Nutrition, Oslo New University College, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Abhijit Sen
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ramya Nagarajan
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India
| | - Prabhu Rajkumar
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India
| | | | - P Manickam
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India
| | - Satish Sivaprakasam
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India
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18
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Zhou Z, Zhang H, Tao Y, Jie H, Zhao J, Zang J, Li H, Wang Y, Wang T, Zhao H, Li Y, Guo C, Zhu F, Mao H, Zhang L, Liu F, Wang Q. CX3CR1 hi macrophages sustain metabolic adaptation by relieving adipose-derived stem cell senescence in visceral adipose tissue. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112424. [PMID: 37086405 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) drive healthy visceral adipose tissue (VAT) expansion via adipocyte hyperplasia. Obesity induces ASC senescence that causes VAT dysfunction and metabolic disorders. It is challenging to restrain this process by biological intervention, as mechanisms of controlling VAT ASC senescence remain unclear. We demonstrate that a population of CX3CR1hi macrophages is maintained in mouse VAT during short-term energy surplus, which sustains ASCs by restraining their senescence, driving adaptive VAT expansion and metabolic health. Long-term overnutrition induces diminishment of CX3CR1hi macrophages in mouse VAT accompanied by ASC senescence and exhaustion, while transferring CX3CR1hi macrophages restores ASC reservoir and triggers VAT beiging to alleviate the metabolic maladaptation. Mechanistically, visceral ASCs attract macrophages via MCP-1 and shape their CX3CR1hi phenotype via exosomes; these macrophages relieve ASC senescence by promoting the arginase1-eIF5A hypusination axis. These findings identify VAT CX3CR1hi macrophages as ASC supporters and unravel their therapeutic potential for metabolic maladaptation to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Huiying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yan Tao
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Haipeng Jie
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jinhao Zang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Huijie Li
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yalin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Tianci Wang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Chun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Faliang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Haiting Mao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Lining Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Fengming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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19
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Kono M, Shatila M, Xu G, Lu Y, Mathew A, Mohajir W, Varatharajalu K, Qiao W, Thomas AS, Wang Y. Obesity Measured via Body Mass Index May Be Associated with Increased Incidence but Not Worse Outcomes of Immune-Mediated Diarrhea and Colitis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2329. [PMID: 37190257 PMCID: PMC10136922 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity defined by high body mass index (BMI) has traditionally been associated with gastrointestinal inflammatory processes but has recently been correlated with better survival in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). We sought to investigate the association between BMI and immune-mediated diarrhea and colitis (IMDC) outcomes and whether BMI reflects body fat content on abdominal imaging. This retrospective, single-center study included cancer patients with ICI exposure who developed IMDC and had BMI and abdominal computed tomography (CT) obtained within 30 days before initiating ICI from April 2011 to December 2019. BMI was categorized as <25, ≥25 but <30, and ≥30. Visceral fat area (VFA), subcutaneous fat area (SFA), total fat area (TFA: VFA+SFA), and visceral to subcutaneous fat (V/S) ratio were obtained from CT at the umbilical level. Our sample comprised 202 patients; 127 patients (62.9%) received CTLA-4 monotherapy or a combination, and 75 (37.1%) received PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy. Higher BMIs ≥ 30 were associated with a higher incidence of IMDC than BMIs ≤ 25 (11.4% vs. 7.9%, respectively; p = 0.029). Higher grades of colitis (grade 3-4) correlated with lower BMI (p = 0.03). BMI level was not associated with other IMDC characteristics or did not influence overall survival (p = 0.83). BMI is strongly correlated with VFA, SFA, and TFA (p < 0.0001). Higher BMI at ICI initiation was linked to a higher incidence of IMDC but did not appear to affect outcomes. BMI strongly correlated with body fat parameters measured by abdominal imaging, suggesting its reliability as an obesity index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Kono
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Malek Shatila
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Guofan Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Antony Mathew
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wasay Mohajir
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Krishnavathana Varatharajalu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wei Qiao
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anusha S. Thomas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yinghong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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20
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Wang SY, Zhang WS, Jiang CQ, Jin YL, Zhu T, Zhu F, Xu L. Association of novel and conventional obesity indices with colorectal cancer risk in older Chinese: a 14-year follow-up of the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:286. [PMID: 36991401 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10762-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Visceral adiposity index (VAI) and a body shape index (ABSI) were newly developed indices for visceral fat mass. Whether they are superior to conventional obesity indices in predicting colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. We examined the associations of VAI and ABSI with CRC risk, and investigated their performance in discriminating CRC risk compared with conventional obesity indices in the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study.
Methods
A total of 28,359 participants aged 50 + years without cancer history at baseline (2003-8) were included. CRC were identified from the Guangzhou Cancer Registry. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess the association of obesity indices with the CRC risk. Discriminative abilities of obesity indices were assessed using Harrell’s C-statistic.
Results
During an average follow-up of 13.9 (standard deviation = 3.6) years, 630 incident CRC cases were recorded. After adjusting for potential confounders, the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of incident CRC for per standard deviation increment in VAI, ABSI, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was 1.04 (0.96, 1.12), 1.13 (1.04, 1.22), 1.08 (1.00, 1.17), 1.15 (1.06, 1.24), 1.16 (1.08, 1.25)and 1.13 (1.04, 1.22), respectively. Similar results for colon cancer were found. However, the associations of obesity indices with risk of rectal cancer were non-significant. All obesity indices showed similar discriminative abilities (C-statistics from 0.640 to 0.645), with WHR showing the highest whilst VAI and BMI the lowest.
Conclusions
ABSI, but not VAI, was positively associated with a higher risk of CRC. However, ABSI was not superior to the conventional abdominal obesity indices in predicting CRC.
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21
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Zhang S, Yang X, E L, Zhang X, Chen H, Jiang X. The Mediating Effect of Central Obesity on the Association between Dietary Quality, Dietary Inflammation Level and Low-Grade Inflammation-Related Serum Inflammatory Markers in Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3781. [PMID: 36900791 PMCID: PMC10001533 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
To date, few studies have explored the role of central obesity on the association between diet quality, measured by the health eating index (HEI), inflammatory eating index (DII), and low-grade inflammation-related serum inflammatory markers. In this paper, we use the data from the 2015-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to explore this. Dietary intakes were measured during two 24-h dietary recall interviews and using USDA Food Pattern Equivalence Database (FPED) dietary data. Serum inflammatory markers were obtained from NHANES Laboratory Data. Generalized structural equation models (GSEMs) were used to explore the mediating relationship. Central obesity plays a significant mediating role in the association between HEI-2015 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), mediating 26.87% of the associations between the two; it also mediates 15.24% of the associations between DII and hs-CRP. Central obesity plays a mediating role in 13.98% of the associations between HEI-2015 and white blood cells (WBC); it also mediates 10.83% of the associations between DII and WBC. Our study suggests that central obesity plays a mediating role in the association of dietary quality with low-grade inflammation-related serum inflammatory markers (hs-CRP and WBC).
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22
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Arderiu G, Mendieta G, Gallinat A, Lambert C, Díez-Caballero A, Ballesta C, Badimon L. Type 2 Diabetes in Obesity: A Systems Biology Study on Serum and Adipose Tissue Proteomic Profiles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010827. [PMID: 36614270 PMCID: PMC9821208 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), further increasing an already heightened cardiovascular risk. Here, amongst obese class III bariatric surgery patients, we have investigated the effect of T2DM in serum and in two, same patient, adipose tissue (AT) depots through proteomic profile expression analyses. Serum and AT samples from subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) fat were collected during bariatric surgery. Bead-based targeted multiplex assay systems were used to simultaneously detect and quantify multiple targets in serum samples (targeted proteomics) and analyze changes in adipokine serum composition. AT samples were assessed through an untargeted proteomics approach. Through a systems biology analysis of the proteomic data, information on the affected biological pathways was acquired. In obese class III individuals, the presence of T2DM induced a significantly higher systemic release of ghrelin, GLP-1, glucagon, MMP3, BAFF, chitinase 3-like 1, TNF-R1 and TNF-R2, and a lower systemic release of IL-8. SAT and VAT proteomes belonging to the same patient showed significant differences in local protein content. While the proteins upregulated in VAT were indicative of metabolic dysregulation, SAT protein upregulation suggested adequate endocrine regulation. The presence of T2DM significantly affected VAT protein composition through the upregulation of dysregulating metabolic pathways, but SAT protein composition was not significantly modified. Our results show that T2DM induces metabolic dysregulation in obese individuals with changes in systemic marker levels and impairment of proteostasis in VAT but not in SAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Arderiu
- Cardiovascular-Program, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CiberCV), 28029 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (G.A.); (L.B.); Tel.: +34-935565880 (G.A. & L.B.); Fax: +34-935565559 (G.A. & L.B.)
| | - Guiomar Mendieta
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alex Gallinat
- Cardiovascular-Program, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Lambert
- Cardiovascular-Program, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- IPSA-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Ballesta
- Centro Médico Teknon, Grupo Quiron Salut, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular-Program, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CiberCV), 28029 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (G.A.); (L.B.); Tel.: +34-935565880 (G.A. & L.B.); Fax: +34-935565559 (G.A. & L.B.)
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23
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Qian X, Meng X, Zhang S, Zeng W. Neuroimmune regulation of white adipose tissues. FEBS J 2022; 289:7830-7853. [PMID: 34564950 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The white adipose tissues (WAT) are located in distinct depots throughout the body. They serve as an energy reserve, providing fatty acids for other tissues via lipolysis when needed, and function as an endocrine organ to regulate systemic metabolism. Their activities are coordinated through intercellular communications among adipocytes and other cell types such as residential and infiltrating immune cells, which are collectively under neuronal control. The adipocytes and immune subtypes including macrophages/monocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), T and B cells, dendritic cells (DCs), and natural killer (NK) cells display cellular and functional diversity in response to the energy states and contribute to metabolic homeostasis and pathological conditions. Accumulating evidence reveals that neuronal innervations control lipid deposition and mobilization via regulating lipolysis, adipocyte size, and cellularity. Vice versa, the neuronal innervations and activity are influenced by cellular factors in the WAT. Though the literature describing adipose tissue cells is too extensive to cover in detail, we strive to highlight a selected list of neuronal and immune components in this review. The cell-to-cell communications and the perspective of neuroimmune regulation are emphasized to enlighten the potential therapeutic opportunities for treating metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Qian
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Meng
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenwen Zeng
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing, China
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24
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Aaron N, Zahr T, He Y, Yu L, Mayfield B, Pajvani UB, Qiang L. Acetylation of PPARγ in macrophages promotes visceral fat degeneration in obesity. LIFE METABOLISM 2022; 1:258-269. [PMID: 37213714 PMCID: PMC10198133 DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/loac032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by chronic, low-grade inflammation, which is driven by macrophage infiltration of adipose tissue. PPARγ is well established to have an anti-inflammatory function in macrophages, but the mechanism that regulates its function in these cells remains to be fully elucidated. PPARγ undergoes post-translational modifications (PTMs), including acetylation, to mediate ligand responses, including on metabolic functions. Here, we report that PPARγ acetylation in macrophages promotes their infiltration into adipose tissue, exacerbating metabolic dysregulation. We generated a mouse line that expresses a macrophage-specific, constitutive acetylation-mimetic form of PPARγ (K293Qflox/flox:LysM-cre, mK293Q) to dissect the role of PPARγ acetylation in macrophages. Upon high-fat diet feeding to stimulate macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue, we assessed the overall metabolic profile and tissue-specific phenotype of the mutant mice, including responses to the PPARγ agonist Rosiglitazone. Macrophage-specific PPARγ K293Q expression promotes proinflammatory macrophage infiltration and fibrosis in epididymal white adipose tissue, but not in subcutaneous or brown adipose tissue, leading to decreased energy expenditure, insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, and adipose tissue function. Furthermore, mK293Q mice are resistant to Rosiglitazone-induced improvements in adipose tissue remodeling. Our study reveals that acetylation is a new layer of PPARγ regulation in macrophage activation, and highlights the importance and potential therapeutic implications of such PTMs in regulating metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Aaron
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tarik Zahr
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ying He
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lexiang Yu
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brent Mayfield
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Utpal B. Pajvani
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Li Qiang
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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25
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Corral A, Alcala M, Carmen Duran-Ruiz M, Arroba AI, Ponce-Gonzalez JG, Todorčević M, Serra D, Calderon-Dominguez M, Herrero L. Role of long non-coding RNAs in adipose tissue metabolism and associated pathologies. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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26
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Hadizadeh N, Bagheri D, Shamsara M, Hamblin MR, Farmany A, Xu M, Liang Z, Razi F, Hashemi E. Extracellular vesicles biogenesis, isolation, manipulation and genetic engineering for potential in vitro and in vivo therapeutics: An overview. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1019821. [PMID: 36406206 PMCID: PMC9672340 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1019821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The main goals of medicine consist of early detection and effective treatment of different diseases. In this regard, the rise of exosomes as carriers of natural biomarkers has recently attracted a lot of attention and managed to shed more light on the future of early disease diagnosis methods. Here, exosome biogenesis, its role as a biomarker in metabolic disorders, and recent advances in state-of-art technologies for exosome detection and isolation will be reviewed along with future research directions and challenges regarding the manipulation and genetic engineering of exosomes for potential in vitro and in vivo disease diagnosis approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Hadizadeh
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Diba Bagheri
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shamsara
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Abbas Farmany
- Dental Research Centre and Dental Implant Research Centre, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mengdi Xu
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen, China
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuobin Liang
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Farideh Razi
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular—Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Hashemi
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen, China
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular—Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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27
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Fonseca PAS, Alonso-García M, Pelayo R, Marina H, Esteban-Blanco C, Mateo J, Gutiérrez-Gil B, Arranz JJ, Suárez-Vega A. Integrated analyses of the methylome and transcriptome to unravel sex differences in the perirenal fat from suckling lambs. Front Genet 2022; 13:1035063. [PMID: 36386829 PMCID: PMC9663842 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1035063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In sheep, differences were observed regarding fat accumulation and fatty acid (FA) composition between males and females, which may impact the quality and organoleptic characteristics of the meat. The integration of different omics technologies is a relevant approach for investigating biological and genetic mechanisms associated with complex traits. Here, the perirenal tissue of six male and six female Assaf suckling lambs was evaluated using RNA sequencing and whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS). A multiomic discriminant analysis using multiblock (s)PLS-DA allowed the identification of 314 genes and 627 differentially methylated regions (within these genes), which perfectly discriminate between males and females. These candidate genes overlapped with previously reported QTLs for carcass fat volume and percentage of different FAs in milk and meat from sheep. Additionally, differentially coexpressed (DcoExp) modules of genes between males (nine) and females (three) were identified that harbour 22 of these selected genes. Interestingly, these DcoExp were significantly correlated with fat percentage in different deposits (renal, pelvic, subcutaneous and intramuscular) and were associated with relevant biological processes for adipogenesis, adipocyte differentiation, fat volume and FA composition. Consequently, these genes may potentially impact adiposity and meat quality traits in a sex-specific manner, such as juiciness, tenderness and flavour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A. S. Fonseca
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - María Alonso-García
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Rocio Pelayo
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Hector Marina
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Cristina Esteban-Blanco
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Javier Mateo
- Departamento de Higiene y Tecnología de Los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gutiérrez-Gil
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Juan-José Arranz
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain,*Correspondence: Juan-José Arranz,
| | - Aroa Suárez-Vega
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain
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28
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Menendez A, Wanczyk H, Walker J, Zhou B, Santos M, Finck C. Obesity and Adipose Tissue Dysfunction: From Pediatrics to Adults. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101866. [PMID: 36292751 PMCID: PMC9601855 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a growing health problem that affects both children and adults. The increasing prevalence of childhood obesity is associated with comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome due to chronic low-grade inflammation present at early stages of the disease. In pediatric patients suffering from obesity, the role of epigenetics, the gut microbiome and intrauterine environment have emerged as causative factors Interestingly, pediatric obesity is strongly associated with low birth weight. Accelerated weight gain oftentimes occurs in these individuals during the post-natal period, which can lead to increased risk of adiposity and metabolic disease. The pathophysiology of obesity is complex and involves biological and physiological factors compounded by societal factors such as family and community. On a cellular level, adipocytes contained within adipose tissue become dysregulated and further contribute to development of comorbidities similar to those present in adults with obesity. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of adipose tissue immune, inflammatory and metabolic adaptation of the adipose tissue in obesity. Early cellular changes as well as the role of immune cells and inflammation on the progression of disease in pivotal pediatric clinical trials, adult studies and mouse models are emphasized. Understanding the initial molecular and cellular changes that occur during obesity can facilitate new and improved treatments aimed at early intervention and subsequent prevention of adulthood comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Menendez
- Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
| | - Heather Wanczyk
- University of Connecticut Health Center, Department of Pediatrics, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Joanne Walker
- University of Connecticut Health Center, Department of Pediatrics, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Beiyan Zhou
- University of Connecticut Health Center, Department of Immunology, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Melissa Santos
- Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Department of Pediatric Psychology and Director of the Obesity Center, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
| | - Christine Finck
- Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Department of Surgery and Pediatric Bariatric Surgery, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +860-545-9520
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29
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Bahrampour N, Shiraseb F, Noori S, Clark CCT, Mirzaei K. Is there any putative mediatory role of inflammatory markers on the association between ultra-processed foods and resting metabolic rate? Front Nutr 2022; 9:932225. [PMID: 36313082 PMCID: PMC9606709 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.932225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The resting metabolic rate (RMR) represents the largest component of total daily energy expenditure. The sale of ultra-processed foods (UPF) is increasing globally; however, UPF can have many adverse effects, including increasing inflammatory markers and altering RMRs. This cross-sectional study included 285 healthy overweight and obese women. Anthropometric measurements were evaluated using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer InBody 770 scanner. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), plasminogen activator-1 (PAI-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) blood levels were measured after a 12-h fasting. Indirect calorimetry was used to evaluate the RMR by using the Weir equation, and RMR deviation (RMR estimated - RMR actual), RMR per body mass index (BMI), and free fat mass (FFM) were estimated. A validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used, and seven groups of UPFs were extracted based on the NOVA method. A negative association between the RMR [β = -0.159, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.471, -0.052, P = 0.044], RMR per BMI (β = -0.014, 95% CI: -0.025, -0.006, P = 0.036), and RMR per FFM (β = -0.241, 95% CI: -0.006, -0.000, P = 0.041) using the NOVA score was observed after adjusting for confounders. This association disappeared after inclusion of each inflammatory marker. All the markers may inversely mediate the relationship between the mentioned variables and the NOVA score. hs-CRP and MCP-1 also had a negative effect on the relationship between the NOVA score and RMR deviation. Finally, UPF intake is likely related with the RMR, mediated through changes in the production of hs-CRP, PAI-1, MCP-1, and IL-1β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Bahrampour
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University (SRBIAU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Shiraseb
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Noori
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University (SRBIAU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Cain C. T. Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran,*Correspondence: Khadijeh Mirzaei, ;
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30
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Attia SM, Das SC, Varadharajan K, Al-Naemi HA. White adipose tissue as a target for cadmium toxicity. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1010817. [PMID: 36278208 PMCID: PMC9582776 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1010817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread heavy metal known as a toxic environmental pollutant. Cd exposure is threatening due to its bioaccumulation trait in living systems that exceeds 35 years without a beneficial biological role. Acute exposure to high Cd doses was reported to impact adipose tissue (AT) function adversely. The main aim of this study is to investigate the effect of low-dose chronic Cd exposure on the genes involved in adipose tissue (AT) functions. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to a low Cd dose (15 mg/kg B.W./day) for 10 weeks. Then, three AT depots-subcutaneous AT (SUB-AT), abdominal AT (AB-AT), and retroperitoneal AT (REtrop-AT) were excised for Cd accumulation measures and gene expression analysis. Adiponectin and leptin gene expression levels were investigated as markers for adipocytes function and homeostasis. Our results showed that Cd accumulated in all the tested adipose depots, but SUB-AT was found to be the depot to most accumulate Cd. Also, it was exhibited that chronic exposure to low Cd doses altered the gene expression of adipocytokines. The levels of adiponectin and leptin mRNA expression were downregulated in all tested AT-depots after Cd exposure. The significant adverse effect on SUB-AT compared to other depots indicates different responses based on AT depots location toward Cd exposure. Collectively, these results suggest a toxic effect of Cd that influenced adipocyte function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarra Mohammed Attia
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sandra Concepcion Das
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Hamda A. Al-Naemi
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- *Correspondence: Hamda A. Al-Naemi,
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31
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Yan L, Rust BM, Sundaram S, Picklo MJ, Bukowski MR. Alteration in Plasma Metabolome in High-Fat Diet-Fed Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 Knockout Mice Bearing Pulmonary Metastases of Lewis Lung Carcinoma. Nutr Metab Insights 2022; 15:11786388221111126. [PMID: 35959507 PMCID: PMC9358346 DOI: 10.1177/11786388221111126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Both clinical and laboratory studies have shown that monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) is involved in cancer spread. To understand the role of MCP-1 in metabolism in the presence of metastasis, we conducted an untargeted metabolomic analysis of primary metabolism on plasma collected from a study showing that MCP-1 deficiency reduces spontaneous metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) to the lungs in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). In a 2 × 2 design, wild-type (WT) or Mcp-1 knockout (Mcp-1 -/-) mice maintained on the AIN93G standard diet or HFD were subcutaneously injected with LLC cells to induce lung metastasis. We identified 87 metabolites for metabolomic analysis from this study. Amino acid metabolism was altered considerably in the presence of LLC metastases with the aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis pathways as the leading pathway altered. The HFD modified lipid and energy metabolism, evidenced by lower contents of arachidonic acid, cholesterol, and long-chain saturated fatty acids and higher contents of glucose and pyruvic acid in mice fed the HFD. These findings were supported by network analysis showing alterations in fatty acid synthesis and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways between the 2 diets. Furthermore, elevations of the citrate cycle intermediates (citric acid, fumaric acid, isocitric acid, and succinic acid) and glyceric acid in Mcp-1 -/- mice, regardless of diet, suggest the involvement of MCP-1 in mitochondrial energy metabolism during LLC metastasis. The present study demonstrates that MCP-1 deficiency and the HFD altered plasma metabolome in mice bearing LLC metastases. These findings can be useful in understanding the impact of obesity on prevention and treatment of cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yan
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural
Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND,
USA
| | - Bret M Rust
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural
Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND,
USA
| | - Sneha Sundaram
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural
Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND,
USA
| | - Matthew J Picklo
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural
Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND,
USA
| | - Michael R Bukowski
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural
Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND,
USA
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Kahn D, Macias E, Zarini S, Garfield A, Zemski Berry K, Gerszten R, Schoen J, Cree‐Green M, Bergman BC. Quantifying the inflammatory secretome of human intermuscular adipose tissue. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15424. [PMID: 35980018 PMCID: PMC9387112 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue secretes an abundance of lipid and protein mediators, and this secretome is depot-specific, with local and systemic effects on metabolic regulation. Intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) accumulates within the skeletal muscle compartment in obesity, and is associated with insulin resistance and metabolic disease. While the human IMAT secretome decreases insulin sensitivity in vitro, its composition is entirely unknown. The current study was conducted to investigate the composition of the human IMAT secretome, compared to that of the subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) depots. IMAT, SAT, and VAT explants from individuals with obesity were used to generate conditioned media. Proteomics analysis of conditioned media was performed using multiplex proximity extension assays, and eicosanoid analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Compared to SAT and/or VAT, IMAT secreted significantly more cytokines (IL2, IL5, IL10, IL13, IL27, FGF23, IFNγ and CSF1) and chemokines (MCP1, IL8, CCL11, CCL20, CCL25 and CCL27). Adipokines hepatocyte growth factor and resistin were secreted significantly more by IMAT than SAT or VAT. IMAT secreted significantly more eicosanoids (PGE2, TXB2 , 5-HETE, and 12-HETE) compared to SAT and/or VAT. In the context of obesity, IMAT is a distinct adipose tissue with a highly immunogenic and inflammatory secretome, and given its proximity to skeletal muscle, may be critical to glucose regulation and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darcy Kahn
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and MetabolismUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Emily Macias
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and MetabolismUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Simona Zarini
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and MetabolismUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Amanda Garfield
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and MetabolismUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Karin Zemski Berry
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and MetabolismUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Robert Gerszten
- The Cardiovascular Research Center and Cardiology DivisionMassachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUSA
| | - Jonathan Schoen
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Melanie Cree‐Green
- Division of Pediatric EndocrinologyUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Bryan C. Bergman
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and MetabolismUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
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Mizuno G, Yamada H, Munetsuna E, Yamazaki M, Ando Y, Fujii R, Tsuboi Y, Teshigawara A, Kageyama I, Osakabe K, Sugimoto K, Ishikawa H, Ichino N, Ohta Y, Ohashi K, Hashimoto S, Suzuki K. Association between the Extent of Peripheral Blood DNA Methylation of HIF3A and Accumulation of Adiposity in community-dwelling Women: The Yakumo Study. Endocr Res 2022; 47:130-137. [PMID: 36104828 DOI: 10.1080/07435800.2022.2121967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION DNA methylation in the CpG sites of intron 1 of HIF3A is associated with body mass index (BMI). This cross-sectional study investigated correlations between DNA methylation of HIF3A and BMI or adiposity parameters in the Japanese population. METHOD DNA methylation of HIF3A was quantified via pyrosequencing. RESULT DNA methylation of HIF3A differed only in women; DNA methylation level at cg27146050 was associated with visceral adipose tissue thickness and correlated with BMI and percent (%) body fat after excluding smokers. CONCLUSION Peripheral blood DNA methylation at the CpG site (cg27146050) of HIF3A correlated with VAT thickness in Japanese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genki Mizuno
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
- Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University Hospital, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroya Yamada
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Eiji Munetsuna
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Mirai Yamazaki
- Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Ando
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Fujii
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Tsuboi
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Atsushi Teshigawara
- Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University Hospital, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Itsuki Kageyama
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Keisuke Osakabe
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Keiko Sugimoto
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ishikawa
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Naohiro Ichino
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yoshiji Ohta
- Department of Chemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Shuji Hashimoto
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
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Arjmand MH. The association between visceral adiposity with systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and risk of post-surgical adhesion. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:869-874. [PMID: 32141779 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1733617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal and pelvic adhesions are common post-operative complications. Despite new medical technologies, these adhesions are appearing to be unavoidable and little is known about their causation; for example, why certain patients/or tissues are more prone to adhesions. There have been no clinical studies about increasing the risk adhesions in obese patients, but there is some evidence about the molecular mechanisms involving visceral fat (VF) that may lead to profibrotic conditions. VF is an endocrine/inflammatory organ which produces many biologically active molecules such as adipokines and inflammatory cytokines. Inflammatory conditions, oxidative stress, and the expression some fibrotic molecules in the VF may induce pathological conditions in the abdominal cavity that predispose to the formation of fibrotic bands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Hassan Arjmand
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Huang Q, Wu M, Wu X, Zhang Y, Xia Y. Muscle-to-tumor crosstalk: The effect of exercise-induced myokine on cancer progression. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188761. [PMID: 35850277 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Physical exercise has gradually become a focus in cancer treatment due to its pronounced role in reducing cancer risk, enhancing therapeutic efficacy, and improving prognosis. In recent decades, skeletal muscles have been considered endocrine organs, exerting their biological functions via the endocrine, autocrine, and paracrine systems by secreting various types of myokines. The amount of myokines secreted varies depending on the intensity, type, and duration of exercise. Recent studies have shown that muscle-derived myokines are highly involved the effects of exercise on cancer. Multiple myokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), oncostatin M (OSM), secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), and irisin, directly mediate cancer progression by influencing the proliferation, apoptosis, stemness, drug resistance, metabolic reprogramming, and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of cancer cells. In addition, IL-6, interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-15 (IL-15), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and irisin can improve obesity-induced inflammation by stimulating lipolysis of adipose tissues, promoting glucose uptake, and accelerating the browning of white fat. Furthermore, some myokines could regulate the tumor microenvironment, such as angiogenesis and the immune microenvironment. Cancer cachexia occurs in up to 80% of cancer patients and is responsible for 22%-30% of patient deaths. It is characterized by systemic inflammation and decreased muscle mass. Exercise-induced myokine production is important in regulating cancer cachexia. This review summarizes the roles and underlying mechanisms of myokines, such as IL-6, myostatin, IL-15, irisin, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and musclin, in cancer cachexia. Through comprehensive analysis, we conclude that myokines are potential targets for inhibiting cancer progression and the associated cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianrui Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mengling Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xuyi Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province/Rehabilitation Medicine Research Institute, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yong Xia
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province/Rehabilitation Medicine Research Institute, Chengdu 610041, China.
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36
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Zatterale F, Raciti GA, Prevenzano I, Leone A, Campitelli M, De Rosa V, Beguinot F, Parrillo L. Epigenetic Reprogramming of the Inflammatory Response in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070982. [PMID: 35883538 PMCID: PMC9313117 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For the past several decades, the prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) has continued to rise on a global level. The risk contributing to this pandemic implicates both genetic and environmental factors, which are functionally integrated by epigenetic mechanisms. While these conditions are accompanied by major abnormalities in fuel metabolism, evidence indicates that altered immune cell functions also play an important role in shaping of obesity and T2D phenotypes. Interestingly, these events have been shown to be determined by epigenetic mechanisms. Consistently, recent epigenome-wide association studies have demonstrated that immune cells from obese and T2D individuals feature specific epigenetic profiles when compared to those from healthy subjects. In this work, we have reviewed recent literature reporting epigenetic changes affecting the immune cell phenotype and function in obesity and T2D. We will further discuss therapeutic strategies targeting epigenetic marks for treating obesity and T2D-associated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Zatterale
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (G.A.R.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Gregory Alexander Raciti
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (G.A.R.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Immacolata Prevenzano
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (G.A.R.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Alessia Leone
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (G.A.R.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Michele Campitelli
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (G.A.R.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Veronica De Rosa
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (G.A.R.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence: (F.B.); (L.P.); Tel.: +39-081-746-3248 (F.B.); +39-081-746-3045 (L.P.)
| | - Luca Parrillo
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Federico II University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.Z.); (G.A.R.); (I.P.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
- URT Genomic of Diabetes, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence: (F.B.); (L.P.); Tel.: +39-081-746-3248 (F.B.); +39-081-746-3045 (L.P.)
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37
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Chakarov S, Blériot C, Ginhoux F. Role of adipose tissue macrophages in obesity-related disorders. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213212. [PMID: 35543703 PMCID: PMC9098652 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The obesity epidemic has led researchers and clinicians to reconsider the etiology of this disease and precisely decipher its molecular mechanisms. The excessive accumulation of fat by cells, most notably adipocytes, which play a key role in this process, has many repercussions in tissue physiology. Herein, we focus on how macrophages, immune cells well known for their tissue gatekeeping functions, assume fundamental, yet ill-defined, roles in the genesis and development of obesity-related metabolic disorders. We first discuss the determinants of the biology of these cells before introducing the specifics of the adipose tissue environment, while highlighting its heterogeneity. Finally, we detail how obesity transforms both adipose tissue and local macrophage populations. Understanding macrophage diversity and their cross talk with the diverse cell types constituting the adipose tissue environment will allow us to frame the therapeutic potential of adipose tissue macrophages in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetoslav Chakarov
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Camille Blériot
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Batiment de Médecine Moléculaire, Villejuif, France
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institut Gustave Roussy, Batiment de Médecine Moléculaire, Villejuif, France.,Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
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38
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Schmitz K, Turnwald EM, Kretschmer T, Janoschek R, Bae-Gartz I, Voßbrecher K, Kammerer MD, Köninger A, Gellhaus A, Handwerk M, Wohlfarth M, Gründemann D, Hucklenbruch-Rother E, Dötsch J, Appel S. Metformin Prevents Key Mechanisms of Obesity-Related Complications in Visceral White Adipose Tissue of Obese Pregnant Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112288. [PMID: 35684088 PMCID: PMC9182976 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the gaining prevalence of obesity, related risks during pregnancy are rising. Inflammation and oxidative stress are considered key mechanisms arising in white adipose tissue (WAT) sparking obesity-associated complications and diseases. The established anti-diabetic drug metformin reduces both on a systemic level, but only little is known about such effects on WAT. Because inhibiting these mechanisms in WAT might prevent obesity-related adverse effects, we investigated metformin treatment during pregnancy using a mouse model of diet-induced maternal obesity. After mating, obese mice were randomised to metformin administration. On gestational day G15.5, phenotypic data were collected and perigonadal WAT (pgWAT) morphology and proteome were examined. Metformin treatment reduced weight gain and visceral fat accumulation. We detected downregulation of perilipin-1 as a correlate and observed indications of recovering respiratory capacity and adipocyte metabolism under metformin treatment. By regulating four newly discovered potential adipokines (alpha-1 antitrypsin, Apoa4, Lrg1 and Selenbp1), metformin could mediate anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and oxidative stress-modulating effects on local and systemic levels. Our study provides an insight into obesity-specific proteome alterations and shows novel modulating effects of metformin in pgWAT of obese dams. Accordingly, metformin therapy appears suitable to prevent some of obesity’s key mechanisms in WAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Schmitz
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
| | - Eva-Maria Turnwald
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
| | - Tobias Kretschmer
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department Environmental Immunology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ruth Janoschek
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
| | - Inga Bae-Gartz
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
| | - Kathrin Voßbrecher
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
| | - Merlin D. Kammerer
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
| | - Angela Köninger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Regensburg, St. Hedwigs Clinic of the Order of St. John, Steinmetzstrasse 1-3, 93049 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Alexandra Gellhaus
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany;
| | - Marion Handwerk
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
| | - Maria Wohlfarth
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
| | - Dirk Gründemann
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Gleueler Straße 24, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Eva Hucklenbruch-Rother
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
| | - Jörg Dötsch
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
| | - Sarah Appel
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-221-478-96890
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39
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Biondi G, Marrano N, Borrelli A, Rella M, Palma G, Calderoni I, Siciliano E, Lops P, Giorgino F, Natalicchio A. Adipose Tissue Secretion Pattern Influences β-Cell Wellness in the Transition from Obesity to Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105522. [PMID: 35628332 PMCID: PMC9143684 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of the β-cell functional mass, which is a reduction in the number of β-cells and their ability to secure adequate insulin secretion, represents a key mechanistic factor leading to the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Obesity is recognised as a leading cause of β-cell loss and dysfunction and a risk factor for T2D. The natural history of β-cell failure in obesity-induced T2D can be divided into three steps: (1) β-cell compensatory hyperplasia and insulin hypersecretion, (2) insulin secretory dysfunction, and (3) loss of β-cell mass. Adipose tissue (AT) secretes many hormones/cytokines (adipokines) and fatty acids that can directly influence β-cell function and viability. As this secretory pattern is altered in obese and diabetic patients, it is expected that the cross-talk between AT and pancreatic β-cells could drive the maintenance of the β-cell integrity under physiological conditions and contribute to the reduction in the β-cell functional mass in a dysmetabolic state. In the current review, we summarise the evidence of the ability of the AT secretome to influence each step of β-cell failure, and attempt to draw a timeline of the alterations in the adipokine secretion pattern in the transition from obesity to T2D that reflects the progressive deterioration of the β-cell functional mass.
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Razi O, Tartibian B, Laher I, Govindasamy K, Zamani N, Rocha-Rodrigues S, Suzuki K, Zouhal H. Multimodal Benefits of Exercise in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis and COVID-19. Front Physiol 2022; 13:783251. [PMID: 35492581 PMCID: PMC9048028 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.783251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease characterized by plaque formation and neuroinflammation. The plaques can present in various locations, causing a variety of clinical symptoms in patients with MS. Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is also associated with systemic inflammation and a cytokine storm which can cause plaque formation in several areas of the brain. These concurring events could exacerbate the disease burden of MS. We review the neuro-invasive properties of SARS-CoV-2 and the possible pathways for the entry of the virus into the central nervous system (CNS). Complications due to this viral infection are similar to those occurring in patients with MS. Conditions related to MS which make patients more susceptible to viral infection include inflammatory status, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, function of CNS cells, and plaque formation. There are also psychoneurological and mood disorders associated with both MS and COVID-19 infections. Finally, we discuss the effects of exercise on peripheral and central inflammation, BBB integrity, glia and neural cells, and remyelination. We conclude that moderate exercise training prior or after infection with SARS-CoV-2 can produce health benefits in patients with MS patients, including reduced mortality and improved physical and mental health of patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Razi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Bakhtyar Tartibian
- Department of Sports Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Karuppasamy Govindasamy
- Department of Physical Education & Sports Science, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India
| | - Nastaran Zamani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Payame-Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Silvia Rocha-Rodrigues
- Escola Superior de Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Quinta de Prados, Edifício Ciências de Desporto, Vila Real, Portugal
- Tumor & Microenvironment Interactions Group, i3S, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Hassane Zouhal
- Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
- Institut International des Sciences du Sport (2I2S), Irodouer, France
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Berikol G, Ekşi MŞ, Aydın L, Börekci A, Özcan-Ekşi EE. Subcutaneous fat index: a reliable tool for lumbar spine studies. Eur Radiol 2022; 32:6504-6513. [PMID: 35380225 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-022-08775-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obesity has been proposed as a risk factor for low back pain (LBP), and the body mass index (BMI) has been used for obesity; however, a more reliable tool is required to assess obesity-related health issues. A recent study depicted the subcutaneous fat tissue thickness (SFTT) at the L1-L2 level as superior to BMI in predicting LBP and spine degeneration. However, the study failed to answer the following questions: (1) What was the cutoff value for the SFTT to predict LBP and spine degeneration? (2) Could this new index be adjusted according to gender? (3) Could this new index predict fatty infiltration in the paraspinal muscles, severe intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD), and Modic changes in the lumbar spine? Therefore, the current study aimed to answer these questions by developing and validating a new anthropometric index-the subcutaneous fat index (SFI). METHODS This study retrospectively reviewed the magnetic resonance imaging database of patients with LBP and compared them with asymptomatic volunteers. RESULTS Appropriate cutoff values for females and males were 8.45 mm and 9.4 mm, respectively. Females and males with the SFI of > 8.45 mm and > 9.4 mm, respectively, had significantly higher rates of spine degeneration. CONCLUSION The SFI reliably distinguished patients with LBP from the asymptomatic subjects and could reliably distinguish patients with severe IVDD/Modic changes at the lower lumbar levels and those with moderate-to-severe fat-infiltrated paraspinal muscles at all lumbar levels with reliable cutoff values for males and females. KEY POINTS • The subcutaneous fat tissue thickness at L1-L2 level (subcutaneous fat index [SFI]) was superior to BMI in predicting LBP and spine degeneration. However, a reliable cutoff value has not been previously defined. • The subcutaneous fat index had reliable cutoff values of 8.45 mm and 9.4 mm for females and males, respectively. • Females with an SFI of > 8.45 mm and males with > 9.4 mm had significantly higher rates of severe IVDD, Modic changes, and fatty infiltration in their paraspinal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gürkan Berikol
- Neurosurgery Clinic, Taksim Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Şakir Ekşi
- Neurosurgery Clinic, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. .,Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Levent Aydın
- Neurosurgery Clinic, Muş State Hospital, Muş, Turkey
| | - Ali Börekci
- Neurosurgery Clinic, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emel Ece Özcan-Ekşi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Levine JA, Sarrafan-Chaharsoughi Z, Patel TP, Brady SM, Chivukula KK, Miller E, Han JM, Periwal V, Wolska A, Remaley AT, Dagur PK, Biancotto A, Babyak A, Fantoni G, Yanovski JA, Demidowich AP. Effects of colchicine on lipolysis and adipose tissue inflammation in adults with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2022; 30:358-368. [PMID: 34978374 PMCID: PMC8799499 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine whether colchicine's anti-inflammatory effects would improve measures of lipolysis and distribution of leukocyte populations in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). METHODS A secondary analysis was conducted for a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study in which 40 adults with obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) were randomized to colchicine 0.6 mg or placebo twice daily for 3 months. Non-insulin-suppressible (l0 ), insulin-suppressible (l2 ), and maximal (l0 +l2 ) lipolysis rates were calculated by minimal model analysis. Body composition was determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. SAT leukocyte populations were characterized by flow cytometry analysis from biopsied samples obtained before and after the intervention. RESULTS Colchicine treatment significantly decreased l2 and l0 +l2 versus placebo (p < 0.05). These changes were associated with a significant reduction in markers of systemic inflammation, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, resistin, and circulating monocytes and neutrophils (p < 0.01). Colchicine did not significantly alter SAT leukocyte population distributions (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In adults with obesity and MetS, colchicine appears to improve insulin regulation of lipolysis and reduce markers of systemic inflammation independent of an effect on local leukocyte distributions in SAT. Further studies are needed to better understand the mechanisms by which colchicine affects adipose tissue metabolic pathways in adults with obesity and MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan A Levine
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Zahra Sarrafan-Chaharsoughi
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Tushar P Patel
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sheila M Brady
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - K Karthik Chivukula
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Clinical Endocrinology Section, Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Emily Miller
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jung Min Han
- Computational Medicine Section, Laboratory of Biological Modeling, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Vipul Periwal
- Computational Medicine Section, Laboratory of Biological Modeling, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Anna Wolska
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alan T Remaley
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Pradeep K Dagur
- Flow Cytometry Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Angelique Biancotto
- Center for Human Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ashley Babyak
- Center for Human Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Giovanna Fantoni
- Center for Human Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jack A Yanovski
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew P Demidowich
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Johns Hopkins Community Physicians at Howard County General Hospital, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Columbia, Maryland, USA
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Guerreiro VA, Carvalho D, Freitas P. Obesity, Adipose Tissue, and Inflammation Answered in Questions. J Obes 2022; 2022:2252516. [PMID: 35321537 PMCID: PMC8938152 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2252516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Obesity is a global health problem of epidemic proportions, which is characterized by increased adipose tissue (AT) mass and significant repercussions in different body apparati and systems. AT is a special connective tissue, which contains several types of cells, in addition to adipocytes, and is a highly active endocrine and immune organ, which directly modulates many processes, including energy balance, metabolism, and inflammation. Summary. In this paper, the authors list and attempt to answer in a brief and simple way several questions regarding the complex relationships between obesity, adipose tissue, and inflammation, with the objective to provide an easy way to understand the main changes that occur in this pathological state. The questions are the following: Is adipose tissue only made up of adipocytes? Are adipocytes just a reservoir of free fatty acids? Do different types of fatty tissue exist? If so, which types? Can we further subcategorize the types of adipose tissue? Is it possible to form new adipocytes during adulthood? What is the role of inflammation? What is the role of macrophages? Are macrophages central mediators of obesity-induced adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance? What causes macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue? What is the role of hypoxia in AT alterations? Is there cross talk between adipocytes and immune cells? What other changes occur in AT in obesity? Does metabolically healthy obesity really exist? Is this a benign condition? Key messages. Obesity is a complex disease with numerous metabolic consequences, which are mainly the result of dysfunction that occurs in the adipose tissue of patients with this pathology. Understanding the pathophysiology of AT and the changes that occur in obesity would contribute to a better approach to patients with obesity, with the inherent medical implications that could result from this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa A. Guerreiro
- Department of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto 4200-319, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-319, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Davide Carvalho
- Department of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto 4200-319, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-319, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Paula Freitas
- Department of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João, Porto 4200-319, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-319, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
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Verdú E, Homs J, Boadas-Vaello P. Physiological Changes and Pathological Pain Associated with Sedentary Lifestyle-Induced Body Systems Fat Accumulation and Their Modulation by Physical Exercise. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:13333. [PMID: 34948944 PMCID: PMC8705491 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A sedentary lifestyle is associated with overweight/obesity, which involves excessive fat body accumulation, triggering structural and functional changes in tissues, organs, and body systems. Research shows that this fat accumulation is responsible for several comorbidities, including cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and metabolic dysfunctions, as well as pathological pain behaviors. These health concerns are related to the crosstalk between adipose tissue and body systems, leading to pathophysiological changes to the latter. To deal with these health issues, it has been suggested that physical exercise may reverse part of these obesity-related pathologies by modulating the cross talk between the adipose tissue and body systems. In this context, this review was carried out to provide knowledge about (i) the structural and functional changes in tissues, organs, and body systems from accumulation of fat in obesity, emphasizing the crosstalk between fat and body tissues; (ii) the crosstalk between fat and body tissues triggering pain; and (iii) the effects of physical exercise on body tissues and organs in obese and non-obese subjects, and their impact on pathological pain. This information may help one to better understand this crosstalk and the factors involved, and it could be useful in designing more specific training interventions (according to the nature of the comorbidity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Verdú
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience (NEOMA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain;
| | - Judit Homs
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience (NEOMA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain;
- Department of Physical Therapy, EUSES-University of Girona, 17190 Salt, Spain
| | - Pere Boadas-Vaello
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience (NEOMA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain;
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Kalantar Z, Sotoudeh G, Esmaeily Z, Rafiee M, Koohdani F. Interaction between CETP Taq1B polymorphism and HEI, DQI and DPI on metabolic biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Hum Nutr Diet 2021; 35:651-662. [PMID: 34908197 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multidimensional consequence of environmental and genetic factors. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) Taq1B polymorphism has been reported as a main predictor of dyslipidaemia, comprising an important complication in persons with T2DM. However, diet could affect T2DM patients metabolic health. METHODS We investigated the combination of gene-diet effects on some metabolic biomarkers. In our cross-sectional study, blood samples of 220 patients were collected. Dietary indices (healthy eating index, dietary quality index and dietary phytochemical index) were obtained from a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. CETP Taq1B polymorphism was genotyped by a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment polymorphism method. Data were analysed by analysis of covariance. RESULTS The interaction between the CETP Taq1B polymorphism and dietary indices on low density lipoprotein/high density lipoprotein was significant (p < 0.001 both crude and adjusted models). In addition, the interaction between polymorphism and dietary quality index on total antioxidant capacity (p = 0.004 crude model, p = 0.005 after adjusting) and pentraxin 3 (p = 0.01 both crude and adjusted models) was significant. Also, the interaction between polymorphism and healthy eating index on waist circumference (p = 0.005 both crude and adjusted models) and dietary phytochemical index on interleukin-18 (p = 0.03 crude model) was significant. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated the effect of CETP Taq1B polymorphism on some inflammatory and anthropometrics markers (total antioxidant capacity, pentraxin 3, interleukin-18, low density lipoprotein/high density lipoprotein and waist circumference) with high and low adherence to dietary incides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Kalantar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gity Sotoudeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Esmaeily
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Rafiee
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fariba Koohdani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Diabetic Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hypoxia induces stress fiber formation in adipocytes in the early stage of obesity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21473. [PMID: 34728615 PMCID: PMC8563745 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00335-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In obese adipose tissue (AT), hypertrophic expansion of adipocytes is not matched by new vessel formation, leading to AT hypoxia. As a result, hypoxia inducible factor-1⍺ (HIF-1⍺) accumulates in adipocytes inducing a transcriptional program that upregulates profibrotic genes and biosynthetic enzymes such as lysyl oxidase (LOX) synthesis. This excess synthesis and crosslinking of extracellular matrix (ECM) components cause AT fibrosis. Although fibrosis is a hallmark of obese AT, the role of fibroblasts, cells known to regulate fibrosis in other fibrosis-prone tissues, is not well studied. Here we have developed an in vitro model of AT to study adipocyte-fibroblast crosstalk in a hypoxic environment. Further, this in vitro model was used to investigate the effect of hypoxia on adipocyte mechanical properties via ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA)/Rho-associated coiled-coil kinases (ROCK) signaling pathways. We confirmed that hypoxia creates a diseased phenotype by inhibiting adipocyte maturation and inducing actin stress fiber formation facilitated by myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A/MKL1) nuclear translocation. This work presents new potential therapeutic targets for obesity by improving adipocyte maturation and limiting mechanical stress in obese AT.
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Sparks LM, Goodpaster BH, Bergman BC. The Metabolic Significance of Intermuscular Adipose Tissue: Is IMAT a Friend or a Foe to Metabolic Health? Diabetes 2021; 70:2457-2467. [PMID: 34711670 DOI: 10.2337/dbi19-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissues are not homogeneous and show site-specific properties. An elusive and understudied adipose tissue depot, most likely due to its limited accessibility, is the intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) depot. Adipose tissue is a pliable organ with the ability to adapt to its physiological context, yet whether that adaptation is harmful or beneficial in the IMAT depot remains to be explored in humans. Potential reasons for IMAT accumulation in humans being deleterious or beneficial include 1) sex and related circulating hormone levels, 2) race and ethnicity, and 3) lifestyle factors (e.g., diet and physical activity level). IMAT quantity per se may not be the driving factor in the etiology of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, but rather the quality of the IMAT itself is the true puppeteer. Adipose tissue quality likely influences its secreted factors, which are also likely to influence metabolism of surrounding tissues. The advent of molecular assessments such as transcriptome sequencing (RNAseq), assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATACseq), and DNA methylation at the single-cell and single-nucleus levels, as well as the potential for ultrasound-guided biopsies specifically for IMAT, will permit more sophisticated investigations of human IMAT and dramatically advance our understanding of this enigmatic adipose tissue.
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Michicotl-Meneses MM, Thompson-Bonilla MDR, Reyes-López CA, García-Pérez BE, López-Tenorio II, Ordaz-Pichardo C, Jaramillo-Flores ME. Inflammation Markers in Adipose Tissue and Cardiovascular Risk Reduction by Pomegranate Juice in Obesity Induced by a Hypercaloric Diet in Wistar Rats. Nutrients 2021; 13:2577. [PMID: 34444736 PMCID: PMC8402035 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate juice (Punica granatum) has been used since ancient times in traditional medicine (Unani Medicine, Ayurveda); its main compounds are anthocyanins and ellagic acid, which have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and cardiovascular health effects. The objective was to evaluate the effect of pomegranate juice on inflammation, blood pressure, and vascular and physiological markers associated with obesity induced by a high-fat diet in a murine model. The results show that pomegranate juice reduces the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (cLDL) 39% and increases the concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (cHDL) by 27%, leading to a 12%-18% decrease in the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In addition to reducing blood pressure by 24%, it also had an antiatherogenic effect by decreasing sE-selectin levels by 42%. On the other hand, the juice significantly increased adiponectin levels in adipose tissue, decreased levels of inflammation markers (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), interleukin-17A (IL-17A), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β)), and inhibited the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Pomegranate juice requires clinical studies to prove its immunoregulatory and therapeutic effects on cardiovascular and atherogenic risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Monica Michicotl-Meneses
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Mexico City 07738, Mexico; (M.M.M.-M.); (I.I.L.-T.)
| | - María del Rocío Thompson-Bonilla
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Investigación Biomédica y Traslacional, ISSSTE, Hospital Regional “1° de Octubre”, Mexico City 07760, Mexico;
| | - César A. Reyes-López
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Estructural, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Mexico City 07320, Mexico;
| | - Blanca Estela García-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Microbiología General, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Mexico City 11340, Mexico;
| | - Itzel I. López-Tenorio
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Mexico City 07738, Mexico; (M.M.M.-M.); (I.I.L.-T.)
| | - Cynthia Ordaz-Pichardo
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Productos Naturales, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Mexico City 07320, Mexico;
| | - María Eugenia Jaramillo-Flores
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Mexico City 07738, Mexico; (M.M.M.-M.); (I.I.L.-T.)
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Rukavina Mikusic NL, Kouyoumdzian NM, Puyó AM, Fernández BE, Choi MR. Role of natriuretic peptides in the cardiovascular-adipose communication: a tale of two organs. Pflugers Arch 2021; 474:5-19. [PMID: 34173888 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02596-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Natriuretic peptides have long been known for their cardiovascular function. However, a growing body of evidence emphasizes the role of natriuretic peptides in the energy metabolism of several substrates in humans and animals, thus interrelating the heart, as an endocrine organ, with various insulin-sensitive tissues and organs such as adipose tissue, muscle skeletal, and liver. Adipose tissue dysfunction is associated with altered regulation of the natriuretic peptide system, also indicated as a natriuretic disability. Evidence points to a contribution of this natriuretic disability to the development of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiometabolic complications; although the causal relationship is not fully understood at present. However, targeting the natriuretic peptide pathway may improve metabolic health in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This review will focus on the current literature on the metabolic functions of natriuretic peptides with emphasis on lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Natriuretic peptide system alterations could be proposed as one of the linking mechanisms between adipose tissue dysfunction and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Lucía Rukavina Mikusic
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Cátedra de Anatomía e Histología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Nicolás Martín Kouyoumdzian
- Instituto Alberto C. Taquini de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IATIMET), CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana María Puyó
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Cátedra de Anatomía e Histología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Marcelo Roberto Choi
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Cátedra de Anatomía e Histología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto Alberto C. Taquini de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IATIMET), CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Fundación H.A. Barceló, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Bourgeois C, Gorwood J, Olivo A, Le Pelletier L, Capeau J, Lambotte O, Béréziat V, Lagathu C. Contribution of Adipose Tissue to the Chronic Immune Activation and Inflammation Associated With HIV Infection and Its Treatment. Front Immunol 2021; 12:670566. [PMID: 34220817 PMCID: PMC8250865 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.670566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
White adipose tissue (AT) contributes significantly to inflammation – especially in the context of obesity. Several of AT’s intrinsic features favor its key role in local and systemic inflammation: (i) large distribution throughout the body, (ii) major endocrine activity, and (iii) presence of metabolic and immune cells in close proximity. In obesity, the concomitant pro-inflammatory signals produced by immune cells, adipocytes and adipose stem cells help to drive local inflammation in a vicious circle. Although the secretion of adipokines by AT is a prime contributor to systemic inflammation, the lipotoxicity associated with AT dysfunction might also be involved and could affect distant organs. In HIV-infected patients, the AT is targeted by both HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART). During the primary phase of infection, the virus targets AT directly (by infecting AT CD4 T cells) and indirectly (via viral protein release, inflammatory signals, and gut disruption). The initiation of ART drastically changes the picture: ART reduces viral load, restores (at least partially) the CD4 T cell count, and dampens inflammatory processes on the whole-body level but also within the AT. However, ART induces AT dysfunction and metabolic side effects, which are highly dependent on the individual molecules and the combination used. First generation thymidine reverse transcriptase inhibitors predominantly target mitochondrial DNA and induce oxidative stress and adipocyte death. Protease inhibitors predominantly affect metabolic pathways (affecting adipogenesis and adipocyte homeostasis) resulting in insulin resistance. Recently marketed integrase strand transfer inhibitors induce both adipocyte adipogenesis, hypertrophy and fibrosis. It is challenging to distinguish between the respective effects of viral persistence, persistent immune defects and ART toxicity on the inflammatory profile present in ART-controlled HIV-infected patients. The host metabolic status, the size of the pre-established viral reservoir, the quality of the immune restoration, and the natural ageing with associated comorbidities may mitigate and/or reinforce the contribution of antiretrovirals (ARVs) toxicity to the development of low-grade inflammation in HIV-infected patients. Protecting AT functions appears highly relevant in ART-controlled HIV-infected patients. It requires lifestyle habits improvement in the absence of effective anti-inflammatory treatment. Besides, reducing ART toxicities remains a crucial therapeutic goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Bourgeois
- CEA - Université Paris Saclay - INSERM U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Jennifer Gorwood
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), FRM EQU201903007868, Paris, France
| | - Anaelle Olivo
- CEA - Université Paris Saclay - INSERM U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Laura Le Pelletier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), FRM EQU201903007868, Paris, France
| | - Jacqueline Capeau
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), FRM EQU201903007868, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Lambotte
- CEA - Université Paris Saclay - INSERM U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, IDMIT Department, IBFJ, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris Saclay, Hôpital Bicêtre, Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Véronique Béréziat
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), FRM EQU201903007868, Paris, France
| | - Claire Lagathu
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), FRM EQU201903007868, Paris, France
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