1
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O'Donnell C, Ryan O, Hogan AE, Killick D, Crilly S, Dodd JD, Murphy DJ, Ryan S, O'Shea D. GLP-1 therapy increases visceral adipose tissue metabolic activity: lessons from a randomized controlled trial in obstructive sleep apnea. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2024. [PMID: 39169732 DOI: 10.1002/oby.24126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues are currently the most widely used pharmacotherapies for weight loss. Their primary mechanism of action is attributed to reduction in energy intake. Data from murine studies also support an additional impact of those agents on energy homeostasis through upregulation of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) metabolic activity, but this remains uncertain in humans. METHODS Here, we present data from a proof-of-concept study on 30 individuals with obstructive sleep apnea and obesity who were randomized to a GLP-1 therapy-based weight loss regimen, continuous positive airway pressure, or a combination of both for 24 weeks. At baseline and study completion, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) was performed to evaluate VAT metabolic activity, expressed as VAT target to background ratio. RESULTS Treatment with GLP-1, but not with continuous positive airway pressure, was associated with a significant increase in VAT target to background ratio. There was a strong correlation between the increase in VAT metabolic activity and the degree of weight loss. CONCLUSIONS These data support the hypothesis that upregulation of VAT metabolic activity by GLP-1 contributes to its weight loss action in humans, and this subject warrants further detailed investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cliona O'Donnell
- Pulmonary and Sleep Disorders Unit, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Odhrán Ryan
- Department of Endocrinology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- St. Columcille's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrew E Hogan
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Desmond Killick
- Department of Endocrinology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shane Crilly
- Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jonathan D Dodd
- Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David J Murphy
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Silke Ryan
- Pulmonary and Sleep Disorders Unit, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Donal O'Shea
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Endocrinology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- St. Columcille's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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2
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Pak K, Santavirta S, Shin S, Nam HY, De Maeyer S, Nummenmaa L. Glucose metabolism and radiodensity of abdominal adipose tissue: A 5-year longitudinal study in a large PET cohort. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2024. [PMID: 39038172 DOI: 10.1111/cen.15121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) allows noninvasive assessment of glucose metabolism and radiodensity in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). We aimed to address the effects of ageing and metabolic factors on abdominal adipose tissue. DESIGN, PATIENTS AND MEASUREMENTS We retrospectively analyzed data from 435 healthy men (mean 42.8 years) who underwent a health check-up programme twice, at baseline and the 5-year follow-up. The mean standardized uptake value (SUV) was measured using SAT and VAT and divided by the liver SUV. The mean Hounsfield units (HU) of the SAT and VAT were measured from the CT scans. The effects of clinical variable clusters on SUVR were investigated using Bayesian hierarchical modelling; metabolic cluster (BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, fat percentage, muscle percentage*-1, HOMA-IR), blood pressure (systolic, diastolic), glucose (fasting plasma glucose level, HbA1c) and C-reactive protein. RESULTS All the clinical variables changed during the 5-year follow-up period. The SUVR and HU of the VAT increased during follow-up; however, those of the SAT did not change. SUVR and HU were positively correlated with both VAT and SAT. SAT and VAT SUVR were negatively associated with metabolic clusters. CONCLUSIONS Ageing led to increased glucose metabolism and radiodensity in VAT, but not in SAT. VAT may reflect the ageing process more directly than SAT. Glucose metabolism was higher and radiodensity was lower in VAT than in SAT, probably owing to differences in gene expression and lipid density. Both glucose metabolism and radiodensity of VAT and SAT reflect metabolic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoungjune Pak
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
- School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Severi Santavirta
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Seunghyeon Shin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Yeol Nam
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sven De Maeyer
- Department of Training and Education Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lauri Nummenmaa
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Sun D, Yin H, Liu X, Ding Z, Shen L, Sah S, Han J, Wu G. Elevated 18F-FDG uptake in subcutaneous adipose tissue correlates negatively with nutritional status and prognostic survival in cachexia patients with gastric cancer. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:567-574. [PMID: 38242034 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Browning of white adipose tissue is a crucial factor contributing to adipose loss in cachexia patients, detectable via 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) uptake. The present study elucidates the clinical relevance of 18F-FDG uptake in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of gastric cancer patients, specifically focusing on adipose browning and its implications on patient clinical parameters and prognosis. METHODS This investigation encompassed 770 gastric cancer patients, with PET-CT imaging and clinical data meticulously combined. The 18F-FDG uptake in subcutaneous adipose tissue at the third lumbar layer was quantified, and its correlation with clinical parameters, particularly those related to nutritional status and fat metabolism, was examined. Kaplan-Meier curves were subsequently employed to probe the relationship between 18F-FDG uptake and overall survival. RESULTS Of the 770 gastric cancer patients, 252 exhibited cancer-associated cachexia, while 518 did not. Cachectic patients demonstrated elevated 18F-FDG uptake in subcutaneous adipose tissue relative to non-cachectic patients (P < 0.001). Increased 18F-FDG uptake was also correlated with reduced plasma concentrations of albumin, prealbumin, hemoglobin, platelets, cholesterol, apolipoprotein A, low-density lipoprotein, and elevated IL-6 concentrations (all P < 0.05). A significant inverse correlation was observed between 18F-FDG uptake and BMI, albumin, low-density lipoprotein, cholesterol, and apolipoprotein A (all P < 0.05). Patients with higher 18F-FDG uptake exhibited diminished overall survival rates compared to those with lower 18F-FDG uptake (P = 0.0065). Furthermore, 18F-FDG uptake in subcutaneous adipose tissue was an independent prognostic indicator in gastric cancer patients (P = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS Browning of subcutaneous adipose tissue was markedly elevated in cachectic gastric cancer patients compared to non-cachectic counterparts. Increased 18F-FDG uptake in subcutaneous adipose tissue in cachectic gastric cancer patients was inversely correlated with nutritional status and survival prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diya Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyan Yin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuoyou Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Szechun Sah
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Han
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guohao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, Shanghai, China.
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4
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Takeuchi M, Sakasai-Sakai A, Takata T, Takino JI, Koriyama Y. Effects of Toxic AGEs (TAGE) on Human Health. Cells 2022; 11:2178. [PMID: 35883620 PMCID: PMC9317028 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The habitual and excessive consumption of sugar (i.e., sucrose and high-fructose corn syrup, HFCS) is associated with the onset and progression of lifestyle-related diseases (LSRD). Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) have recently been the focus of research on the factors contributing to LSRD. Approaches that inhibit the effects of AGEs may be used to prevent and/or treat LSRD; however, since the structures of AGEs vary depending on the type of reducing sugars or carbonyl compounds to which they respond, difficulties are associated with verifying that AGEs are an etiological factor. Cytotoxic AGEs derived from glyceraldehyde, a triose intermediate in the metabolism of glucose and fructose, have been implicated in LSRD and are called toxic AGEs (TAGE). A dietary imbalance (the habitual and excessive intake of sucrose, HFCS, or dietary AGEs) promotes the generation/accumulation of TAGE in vivo. Elevated circulating levels of TAGE have been detected in non-diabetics and diabetics, indicating a strong relationship between the generation/accumulation of TAGE in vivo and the onset and progression of LSRD. We herein outline current findings on "TAGE as a new target" for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan;
| | - Akiko Sakasai-Sakai
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan;
| | - Takanobu Takata
- Department of Life Science, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan;
| | - Jun-ichi Takino
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, 5-1-1 Hirokoshingai, Kure 737-0112, Hiroshima, Japan;
| | - Yoshiki Koriyama
- Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3 Minamitamagaki, Suzuka 513-8670, Mie, Japan;
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Wendler G, Nassif PAN, Malafaia O, Wendler E, Wendler IBT, Cirpiani LM. HELICAL COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY CAN MEASURE SUBCUTANEOUS, VISCERAL AND TOTAL FAT AREAS? ABCD-ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA 2022; 34:e1591. [PMID: 35019117 PMCID: PMC8735265 DOI: 10.1590/0102-672020210003e1591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background: Abdominal obesity or android obesity, that is, the increase in adipose tissue in the abdominal region, is considered a risk factor for several morbidities. Different ways of quantifying it have been proposed, one method is the measurement of the abdominal fat area by computed tomography. Aim: To establish correspondence between the groups defined by degree of obesity in relation to the total, subcutaneous and visceral fat area. Methods: Cross-sectional observational study carried out through the analysis of tomographic examinations. Horos v3.3.5 medical image visualization software was used, with abdominal tomography in a single cut including the L4 vertebral body and the umbilical scar, to obtain the areas of total, visceral and subcutaneous fat. Results: Of the 40 patients, 10 had grade II obesity, 23 grade III and 7 superobese. The amount of total fat showed an increase in relation to the degree of obesity. Visceral fat did not show significant differences between the degrees of obesity, but the data showed a lower average in the group of obesity grade II. The area of subcutaneous fat, as well as total fat, showed an increase in its measurements, according to the progression of the patients’ BMI, but there was no statistical significance in this difference between the groups of grade II and super-obese individuals. Conclusion: The area of total and subcutaneous fat showed an increase in its measurements according to the progression of the BMI groups, which did not happen with visceral fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Wendler
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical Faculty of Paraná/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.,Rocio Hospital, Campo Largo, PR, Brazil
| | - Paulo Afonso Nunes Nassif
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical Faculty of Paraná/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo Malafaia
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical Faculty of Paraná/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Wendler
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical Faculty of Paraná/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.,Rocio Hospital, Campo Largo, PR, Brazil
| | - Ilana Barrichello Torres Wendler
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical Faculty of Paraná/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.,Rocio Hospital, Campo Largo, PR, Brazil
| | - Luiza Marcelli Cirpiani
- Postgraduate Program in Principles of Surgery, Mackenzie Evangelical Faculty of Paraná/Medical Research Institute, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Tahara N, Tahara A, Maeda-Ogata S, Yoshimura H, Bekki M, Sugiyama Y, Honda A, Igata S, Nishino Y, Matsui T, Fukami A, Enomoto M, Adachi H, Fukumoto Y, Yamagishi SI. Increased Urinary Levels of Pentosidine Measured by a Newly Developed Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Are Independently Correlated with Fracture After Fall. Rejuvenation Res 2021; 24:449-455. [PMID: 34846174 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2021.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although we have found that increased serum levels of glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are associated with numerous aging-related disorders, it remains unclear which structurally distinct AGEs could be a reliable biomarker of the healthy life-threatening disorders. Since pentosidine is produced by glyceraldehyde, we measured here urinary pentosidine levels with a newly developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit, which requires no pretreatment with acid hydrolysis and heat, and examined their correlations with geriatric syndrome, such as musculoskeletal disease, frailty, and cognitive impairment, in a general population. Multiple regression analysis revealed that female, age, history of fracture after fall, and taking medication for diabetes were independent correlates of log urine pentosidine-to-creatinine ratio (R2 = 0.190). When gender-adjusted log urine pentosidine-to-creatinine ratio stratified by smile frequency grade was compared using analysis of covariance, urine pentosidine-to-creatinine ratio was significantly decreased according to the increase in smile frequency. Our present findings suggest that measurement of urine pentosidine-to-creatinine ratio by a newly developed ELISA kit may be useful for identifying high-risk patients for fall-related fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Tahara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Atsuko Tahara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Shoko Maeda-Ogata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hanae Yoshimura
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Munehisa Bekki
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sugiyama
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Akihiro Honda
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Igata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yuri Nishino
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsui
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Ako Fukami
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Mika Enomoto
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hisashi Adachi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Fukumoto
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Sho-Ichi Yamagishi
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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7
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Lee JH, Kim S, Lee HS, Park EJ, Baik SH, Jeon TJ, Lee KY, Ryu YH, Kang J. Different prognostic impact of glucose uptake in visceral adipose tissue according to sex in patients with colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21556. [PMID: 34732810 PMCID: PMC8566460 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01086-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether sex differences in visceral fat volume and glucose uptake measured by positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in abdominal visceral fat can stratify overall survival (OS) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). We retrospectively enrolled 293 patients diagnosed with CRC who underwent PET/CT before surgical resection. Fluorodeoxyglucose uptake of visceral adipose tissue (VAT-SUV) and subcutaneous adiposity tissue (SAT-SUV) were measured using PET/CT. The relative VAT (rVAT) was defined as the visceral fat volume normalized to the total volume of fat (VAT plus SAT). We defined sex-specific cutoff values for VAT-SUV, SAT-SUV, and rVAT. Univariate and multivariate analyses using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis were performed to identify the independent prognostic factors. The study population comprised 181 men and 112 women. The rVAT (0.40 vs. 0.29, p < 0.001) and VAT-SUV (0.55 vs. 0.48, p = 0.007) were significantly greater in men than in women. High rVAT (than low rVAT) and high VAT-SUV (than low VAT-SUV) showed a worse prognosis in male and female patients, respectively. Multivariate analysis indicated that the combination of rVAT and VAT-SUV was an independent prognostic factor for predicting OS in both male and female patients. The combination of rVAT and VAT-SUV could differentiate the patients with the best survival outcome from the other three individual groups in female patients, but not in males. Glucose uptake and relative volume of visceral fat may provide a new risk stratification for patients with CRC, especially female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hoon Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sun Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Park
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyuk Baik
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Joo Jeon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Young Lee
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hoon Ryu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghyun Kang
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea.
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Su X, Cheng Y, Zhang G, Wang B. Novel insights into the pathological mechanisms of metabolic related dyslipidemia. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:5675-5687. [PMID: 34218408 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06529-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to the technological advances, it has been well-established that obesity is strongly correlated with various health problems. Among these problems, dyslipidemia is one of the most important concomitant symptoms under obese status which is the main driving force behind the pathological progression of cardio-metabolic disorder diseases. Importantly, the type of dyslipidemia, arising from concerted action of obesity, has been identified as "metabolic related dyslipidemia", which is characterized by increased circulating levels of Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), Triglycerides (TG) accompanied by lower circulating levels of High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). On the other hand, the metabolic related dyslipidemia is being verified as a vital link between obesity and hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and Cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this review, we summarized the current understanding of metabolic related dyslipidemia and the potential mechanisms which lead to the pathogenesis of obesity. Meanwhile, we also summarized the emerging results which focused on several novel lipid bio-markers in metabolic related dyslipidemia, such as pro-protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), and their potential use as biomarkers of metabolic related dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Su
- Department of Cardiology, the Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, No. 2999 Jinshan Road, Xiamen, 361000, Fujian, China
| | - Ye Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, the Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, No. 2999 Jinshan Road, Xiamen, 361000, Fujian, China
| | - Guoming Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, No. 2999 Jinshan Road, Xiamen, 361000, Fujian, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, No. 2999 Jinshan Road, Xiamen, 361000, Fujian, China.
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9
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Su X, Chen X, Wang B. Pathology of metabolically-related dyslipidemia. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 521:107-115. [PMID: 34192528 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that overweight/obesity is closely associated with multiple health problems. Among these, dyslipidemia is the most important and main driving force behind pathologic development of cardio-metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus, atherosclerotic-related cardiovascular disease and hypertension. Notably, a subtype of dyslipidemia, metabolic related dyslipidemia, is now recognized as a vital link between obesity and multiple different cardiovascular diseases. This condition is characterized by increased low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) as well as decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in serum. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of metabolic related dyslipidemia and the potential mechanisms which lead to the pathogenesis of obesity/overweight. We focus on several novel lipid biomarkers such as pro-protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and their potential use as biomarkers of metabolic related dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Su
- Department of Cardiology, the Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, the Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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10
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Chilelli NC, Faggian A, Favaretto F, Milan G, Compagnin C, Dassie F, Bettini S, Roverso M, Seraglia R, Lapolla A, Vettor R. In vitro chronic glycation induces AGEs accumulation reducing insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and increasing GLP1R in adipocytes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 320:E976-E988. [PMID: 33779307 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00156.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular AGEs accumulation increases RAGE and GLP1R and reduces glucose uptake in adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessia Faggian
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Internal Medicine 3, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Favaretto
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Internal Medicine 3, Padua, Italy
| | - Gabriella Milan
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Internal Medicine 3, Padua, Italy
| | - Chiara Compagnin
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Internal Medicine 3, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesca Dassie
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Internal Medicine 3, Padua, Italy
| | - Silvia Bettini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Internal Medicine 3, Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Roverso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Roberta Seraglia
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l'Energia (CNR-ICMATE), Padua, Italy
| | - Annunziata Lapolla
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Diabetology and Dietetics, Padua, Italy
| | - Roberto Vettor
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Internal Medicine 3, Padua, Italy
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11
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Doroudinia A, Mehrian P, Rouhizadeh A, Hosseini M. Diffuse Subcutaneous Metabolic Activity in Post Bone Marrow Transplant Hodgkin Lymphoma. Clin Nucl Med 2021; 46:e226-e227. [PMID: 33234923 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000003413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT We present a 14-year-old adolescent boy with Hodgkin lymphoma. He had prior completed chemotherapy with ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine) regimen followed by bone marrow transplantation 6 months ago. Currently, he has neither specific clinical complaint nor receiving any specific medication. Follow-up FDG PET/CT scan demonstrated diffuse increased metabolic activity in the entire body subcutaneous tissue. This finding is rarely reported in the literature and may represent an underlying active inflammatory process, most likely attributed to the received treatments. This could impair the diagnostic quality of the scan, affecting the image interpretation, and should be recognized when present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abtin Doroudinia
- From the Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Fujikawa T, Ohara M, Kohata Y, Nagaike H, Fukase A, Osaka N, Yashima H, Sato N, Kushima H, Shinmura K, Takahashi Y, Hiromura M, Terasaki M, Mori Y, Fukui T, Matsui T, Hirano T, Yamagishi SI. Glucose Variability is Independently Correlated with Serum Level of Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor in Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Ther 2021; 12:827-842. [PMID: 33586119 PMCID: PMC7947132 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-021-01008-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) may play a role in cardiometabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate which biochemical and clinical parameters are independently associated with serum PEDF levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 124 patients with T2DM who underwent continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and blood chemistry analysis, including the diacron-reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) test and serum PEDF measurement (study 1). Then we investigated whether the changes in the studied biochemical and clinical parameters after 24 weeks of treatment (Δparameters) with anti-hyperglycemic agents, including sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, and/or insulin and anti-hypertensive drugs and statins, were independently correlated with change in PEDF (ΔPEDF) in 52 of the patients with T2DM for whom there was sufficient serum samples to perform the post-treatment analysis (study 2). Serum levels of PEDF were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. CGM metrics were calculated on days 2 and 3. Oxidative stress was evaluated using the d-ROMs test. RESULTS Body mass index (BMI), triglycerides, fasting C-peptide, mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), and d-ROMs were positively associated with serum PEDF level, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were inversely associated with serum PEDF level. Because these parameters were correlated with each other, multivariate stepwise analysis was performed: eGFR, HDL-C, BMI, MAGE, and UACR remained significant (R2 = 0.452). Furthermore, ΔMAGE and Δd-ROMs were positively correlated with ΔPEDF in study 2. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that MAGE may be independently correlated with elevations in serum PEDF level in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Fujikawa
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Ohara
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yo Kohata
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroe Nagaike
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Fukase
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Osaka
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hironori Yashima
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuko Sato
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Kushima
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Shinmura
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Takahashi
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Munenori Hiromura
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michishige Terasaki
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusaku Mori
- Anti-Glycation Research Section, Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Fukui
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsui
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Hirano
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Diabetes Center, Ebina General Hospital, Ebina, Japan
| | - Sho-Ichi Yamagishi
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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Takeuchi M. Toxic AGEs (TAGE) theory: a new concept for preventing the development of diseases related to lifestyle. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2020; 12:105. [PMID: 33292465 PMCID: PMC7708159 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-020-00614-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The habitual excessive intake of sugar (i.e., sucrose and high-fructose corn syrup), which has been implicated in the onset of diabetes mellitus, induces excessive production of glyceraldehyde, a metabolite produced during glucose and fructose metabolism, in hepatocytes, neuronal cells, and cardiomyocytes. MAIN TEXT Toxic advanced glycation end-products (toxic AGEs, TAGE) are formed from reactions between glyceraldehyde and intracellular proteins, and their accumulation contributes to various cellular disorders. TAGE leakage from cells affects the surrounding cells and increases serum TAGE levels, promoting the onset and/or development of lifestyle-related diseases (LSRD). Therefore, serum TAGE levels have potential as a novel biomarker for predicting the onset and/or progression of LSRD, and minimizing the effects of TAGE might help to prevent the onset and/or progression of LSRD. Serum TAGE levels are closely related to LSRD associated with the excessive ingestion of sugar and/or dietary AGEs. CONCLUSIONS The TAGE theory is also expected to open new perspectives for research into numerous other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.
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14
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Bang JI, Moon CM, Kim HO, Kang SY, Yoon HJ, Kim BS. Blood pool activity on F-18 FDG PET/CT as a possible imaging biomarker of metabolic syndrome. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17367. [PMID: 33060688 PMCID: PMC7567068 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74443-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Association of blood pool (BP) and adipose tissue activity from F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) with the parameters of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and different MetS/obesity types were investigated. 245 subjects underwent FDG PET/CT scan for health check-ups were investigated retrospectively. Associations of BP (BP SUV: SUVmax, SUVmean), visceral (VAT SUV), and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT SUV) activity with parameters of MetS, body mass index (BMI), and lipid profiles were analyzed. MetS/obesity types were subdivided into metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO). BP SUV was higher in subjects with MetS (t-test, P < 0.005), and was associated with MetS from multivariable binary logistic regression (OR 5.232 P = 0.010). BP SUV was statistically higher in MUO than in MHO (P < 0.05) along with blood pressure, triglycerides, and HDL-cholesterol. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis showed MUO had higher blood pressure and BP SUV, while lower HDL-cholesterol relative to MHO after adjusting for triglycerides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-In Bang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Chang Mo Moon
- Depratment of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Ok Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seo Young Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hai-Jeon Yoon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Bom Sahn Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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15
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Su X, Peng D. Emerging functions of adipokines in linking the development of obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:7991-8006. [PMID: 32888125 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05732-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that obesity is the critical factor in shaping cardio-metabolic phenotypes. However, the pathogenic mechanisms remain incompletely clarified. According to the published reports, adipose tissue communicates with several diverse organs, such as heart, lungs, and kidneys through the secretion of various cytokines named adipokines. The adipocytes isolated from obese mice or humans are dysfunctional with aberrant production of pro-inflammatory adipokines, which subsequently induce both acute and chronic inflammatory reaction and facilitate the process of cardio-metabolic disorder complications. Furthermore, the microenvironment within adipose tissue under obese status also influence the secretion of adipokines. Recently, given that several important adipokines have been completely researched and causally involved in various diseases, we could make a conclusion that adipokines play an essential role in modulating the development of cardio-metabolic disorder diseases, whereas several novel adipokines continue to be explored and elucidated. In the present review, we summarized the current knowledge of the microenvironment of adipose tissue and the published mechanisms whereby adipocytes affects obesity and cardiovascular diseases. On the other hand, we also provide the evidence to elucidate the functions of adipokines in controlling and regulating the inflammatory reactions which contribute to obesity and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Su
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Daoquan Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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16
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Tahara N, Nitta Y, Bekki M, Tahara A, Maeda-Ogata S, Sugiyama Y, Honda A, Igata S, Nakamura T, Sun J, Kurata S, Fujimoto K, Abe T, Matsui T, Yamagishi SI, Fukumoto Y. Two-hour postload plasma glucose and pigment epithelium-derived factor levels are markers of coronary artery inflammation in type 2 diabetic patients. J Nucl Cardiol 2020; 27:1352-1364. [PMID: 31407236 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-019-01842-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously found that pioglitazone attenuates inflammation in the left main trunk of coronary artery (LMT), evaluated as target-to-background ratio (TBR) by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) in patients with impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes. OBJECTIVES We assessed which clinical variables could predict the change in TBR in the LMT after 4-month add-on therapy with oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs). METHODS A total of 38 type 2 diabetic patients with carotid atherosclerosis who had already received OHAs except for pioglitazone was enrolled. At baseline and 4 months after add-on therapy with pioglitazone or glimepiride, all patients underwent 75 g oral glucose tolerance test, blood chemistry analysis, and FDG-PET/CT. RESULTS Fasting plasma glucose, 30-, 60-, 90-, 120-minutes postload plasma glucose, HbA1c, and LMT-TBR values were significantly decreased by add-on therapy, whereas high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and adiponectin levels were increased. Increased serum levels of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a marker of insulin resistance and non-use of aspirin at baseline could predict the favorable response of LMT-TBR to add-on therapy. Moreover, Δ120-minutes postload plasma glucose and ΔPEDF were independent correlates of ΔLMT-TBR. CONCLUSIONS Our present study suggests that 120-minutes postload plasma glucose and PEDF values may be markers and potential therapeutic targets of coronary artery inflammation in type 2 diabetic patients. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT00722631. New markers for diabetes and CAD is on the horizon! Two-hour postload plasma glucose and pigment epithelium derived factor are markers of coronary artery inflammation in type 2 diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Tahara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Yoshikazu Nitta
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Munehisa Bekki
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Atsuko Tahara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Shoko Maeda-Ogata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sugiyama
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Akihiro Honda
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Igata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Nakamura
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Jiahui Sun
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Seiji Kurata
- Department of Radiology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kiminori Fujimoto
- Department of Radiology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Toshi Abe
- Department of Radiology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsui
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Sho-Ichi Yamagishi
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Fukumoto
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
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17
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Su X, Peng D. Adipokines as novel biomarkers of cardio-metabolic disorders. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 507:31-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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18
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Cho A, Kwon IG, Kim S, Noh SH, Ku CR. Altered systematic glucose utilization after gastrectomy: correlation with weight loss. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2020; 16:900-907. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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19
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Bekki M, Tahara N, Tahara A, Igata S, Honda A, Sugiyama Y, Nakamura T, Sun J, Kumashiro Y, Matsui T, Fukumoto Y, Yamagishi SI. Switching Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors to Tofogliflozin, a Selective Inhibitor of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Improve Arterial Stiffness Evaluated by Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Study. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2020; 17:411-420. [PMID: 29766812 DOI: 10.2174/1570161116666180515154555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have found that anagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP-4) significantly ameliorates arterial stiffness in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients compared with an equivalent hypoglycaemic agent, glimepiride. However, it remains unclear whether switching DPP-4 inhibitors to tofogliflozin, a selective inhibitor of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) improves arterial stiffness in T2DM patients. METHODS Nineteen T2DM patients who had received DPP-4 inhibitors for at least 1 year were enrolled in this study. Clinical parameters and arterial stiffness evaluated by cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) were measured at baseline and after 6-months treatment with tofogliflozin. RESULTS At 6 months after switching to tofogliflozin, CAVI, waist circumference, body weight, body mass index, subcutaneous and visceral fat volume, white blood cell number, fasting plasma insulin, uric acid, aspartate transaminase (AST), γ-glutamyl transferase (GTP), and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were significantly reduced, while red blood cell number, haemoglobin, and HbA1c values were increased. When stratified by median values of change in CAVI after switching to tofogliflozin (ΔCAVI), baseline serum levels of AGEs were significantly higher in the low ΔCAVI group (high responder) than in the high one (low responder). ΔAST and ΔGTP were positively correlated with ΔCAVI. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that switching DPP-4 inhibitors to tofogliflozin ameliorates arterial stiffness in T2DM patients partly via improvement of liver function. Baseline serum levels of AGEs may identify patients who improve arterial stiffness more after treatment with tofogliflozin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munehisa Bekki
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 67 Asahi-machi, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Tahara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 67 Asahi-machi, Japan
| | - Atsuko Tahara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 67 Asahi-machi, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Igata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 67 Asahi-machi, Japan
| | - Akihiro Honda
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 67 Asahi-machi, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sugiyama
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 67 Asahi-machi, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Nakamura
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 67 Asahi-machi, Japan
| | - Jiahui Sun
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 67 Asahi-machi, Japan
| | | | - Takanori Matsui
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Fukumoto
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 67 Asahi-machi, Japan
| | - Sho-Ichi Yamagishi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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20
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Kaseda K, Kai Y, Tajima M, Suematsu M, Iwata S, Miyata M, Mifude CK, Yamashita N, Seiryu WA, Fukada M, Kobayashi H, Sotokawauchi A, Matsui T, Yamagishi SI. Oral administration of spa-derived green alga improves insulin resistance in overweight subjects: Mechanistic insights from fructose-fed rats. Pharmacol Res 2020; 152:104633. [PMID: 31917283 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptor (RAGE) system evoke inflammatory reactions and insulin resistance in adipocytes. Spa-derived green alga Mucidosphaerium sp. (MS) had anti-inflammatory properties in vitro. We examined here whether and how MS could ameliorate insulin resistance in fructose-rich diet-fed rats, and conducted a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial to investigate the effects of MS on insulin resistance in overweight subjects. Oral administration of MS for 8 weeks significantly decreased random blood glucose, and fasting insulin, oxidative stress levels, and improved homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values in fructose-fed rats, which were associated with the reduction of AGEs, RAGE, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxy-guanosine, NADPH oxidase activity, macrophage and lymphocyte infiltration, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression, and adipocyte size in the adipose tissues as well as restoration of adiponectin levels. MS decreased the AGE-induced NADPH oxidase activity, ROS generation, MCP-1 and RAGE gene expression, and lipid accumulation in differentiated adipocytes, while it restored the decrease in adiponectin mRNA levels. An anti-oxidant, N-acetylcysteine mimicked the effects of MS on ROS generation, RAGE gene expression, and lipid accumulation. Oral intake of MS for 12 weeks significantly decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, HDL-cholesterol and creatinine in overweight subjects. Baseline-adjusted diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR values were significantly lower in MS treatment group than in placebo. Our present findings suggest that MS may improve insulin resistance by blocking the AGE-RAGE-oxidative stress axis in the adipose tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniyoshi Kaseda
- Saravio Central Institute, Saravio Cosmetics Ltd., Oita, Japan; Department of Hospital Administration, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuya Kai
- Saravio Central Institute, Saravio Cosmetics Ltd., Oita, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tajima
- Saravio Central Institute, Saravio Cosmetics Ltd., Oita, Japan
| | - Mika Suematsu
- Saravio Central Institute, Saravio Cosmetics Ltd., Oita, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Iwata
- Saravio Central Institute, Saravio Cosmetics Ltd., Oita, Japan
| | | | - Chie K Mifude
- Saravio Central Institute, Saravio Cosmetics Ltd., Oita, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamashita
- Saravio Central Institute, Saravio Cosmetics Ltd., Oita, Japan
| | - Wakana A Seiryu
- Saravio Central Institute, Saravio Cosmetics Ltd., Oita, Japan
| | - Maki Fukada
- Saravio Central Institute, Saravio Cosmetics Ltd., Oita, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kobayashi
- Department of Hospital Administration, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ami Sotokawauchi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsui
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
| | - Sho-Ichi Yamagishi
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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21
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Wang H, Yang Y, Yang M, Li X, Tan J, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Hu B, Deng S, Yang F, Gao S, Li H, Yang Z, Chen H, Cai W. Pigment Epithelial-Derived Factor Deficiency Accelerates Atherosclerosis Development via Promoting Endothelial Fatty Acid Uptake in Mice With Hyperlipidemia. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e013028. [PMID: 31711388 PMCID: PMC6915260 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.013028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Endothelial cell injury, induced by dyslipidemia, is the initiation of atherosclerosis, resulting in an imbalance in endothelial fatty acid (FA) transport. Pigment epithelial‐derived factor (PEDF) is an important regulator in lipid metabolism. We hypothesized that PEDF is involved in endothelium‐mediated FA uptake under hyperlipidemic conditions. Methods and Results Circulating PEDF levels were higher in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease than in normal individuals. However, decreasing trends of serum PEDF levels were confirmed in both wild‐type and apolipoprotein E–deficient mice fed a long‐term high‐fat diet. Apolipoprotein E–deficient/PEDF‐deficient mice were generated by crossing PEDF‐deficient mice with apolipoprotein E–deficient mice, and then mice were fed with 24, 36, or 48 weeks of high‐fat diet. Greater increases in body fat and plasma lipids were displayed in PEDF‐deficient mice. In addition, PEDF deficiency in mice accelerated atherosclerosis, as evidenced by increased atherosclerotic plaques, pronounced vascular dysfunction, and increased lipid accumulation in peripheral tissues, whereas injection of adeno‐associated virus encoding PEDF exerted opposite effects. Mechanistically, PEDF inhibited the vascular endothelial growth factor B paracrine signaling by reducing secretion of protein vascular endothelial growth factor B in peripheral tissue cells and decreasing expression of its downstream targets in endothelial cells, including its receptors (namely, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐1 and neuropilin‐1), and FA transport proteins 3 and 4, to suppress endothelial FA uptake, whereas PEDF deletion in mice activated the vascular endothelial growth factor B signaling pathway, thus causing markedly increased lipid accumulation. Conclusions Decreasing expression of PEDF aggravates atherosclerosis by significantly impaired vascular function and enhanced endothelial FA uptake, thus exacerbating ectopic lipid deposition in peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yanfang Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China.,Department of Prenatal Diagnosis Maoming People's Hospital Maoming Guangdong China
| | - Ming Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Xinghui Li
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Jing Tan
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yandi Wu
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yuling Zhang
- Department of Cardiology Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yuanlong Li
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Shijie Deng
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Fengmin Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Saifei Gao
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Hui Li
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Weibin Cai
- Laboratory Animal Center and Department of Biochemistry Institute of Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Disease-Model Animals Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
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22
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Yamagishi SI. Role of Advanced Glycation Endproduct (AGE)-Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproduct (RAGE) Axis in Cardiovascular Disease and Its Therapeutic Intervention. Circ J 2019; 83:1822-1828. [PMID: 31366777 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-19-0618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite the early loss of glycemic differences between the original intensive therapy group and conventional treatment in the DCCT/EDIC and UKPDS 80 trials, a continued reduction in microvascular risk and risk reductions for emergency myocardial infarction and all-cause death were observed 10-30 years after the end of these trials. These observations demonstrated that so-called "metabolic memory" could cause chronic abnormalities in diabetic vessels that are not easily reversed, even by subsequent improvement in blood glucose levels, thus suggesting a long-term beneficial influence of early metabolic control; that is, legacy effects on the risk of vascular complications and death in patients with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Formation and accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) are known to progress at an accelerated rate under diabetes. Furthermore, AGEs are hardly degraded and remain for a long time in diabetic vessels even after glycemic control is improved. Therefore, AGEs could explain why former cumulative diabetic exposure could contribute to current progression of vascular complications in diabetes. Here, the clinical utility of measurement of serum and tissue accumulation levels of AGEs for evaluating the prevalence and severity of numerous types of cardiovascular disease is reviewed and novel therapeutic strategies that could target the AGE-RAGE axis in CVD are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho-Ichi Yamagishi
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
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23
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de Boer SA, Spoor DS, Slart RHJA, Mulder DJ, Reijrink M, Borra RJH, Kramer GM, Hoekstra OS, Boellaard R, Greuter MJ. Performance Evaluation of a Semi-automated Method for [ 18F]FDG Uptake in Abdominal Visceral Adipose Tissue. Mol Imaging Biol 2019; 21:159-167. [PMID: 29789994 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1211-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Severity of abdominal obesity and possibly levels of metabolic activity of abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) are associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this context, the purpose of the current study was to evaluate the reproducibility and repeatability of a semi-automated method for assessment of the metabolic activity of VAT using 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/x-ray computed tomography (CT). PROCEDURES Ten patients with lung cancer who underwent two baseline whole-body [18F]FDG PET/low-dose (LD) CT scans within 1 week were included. Abdominal VAT was automatically segmented using CT between levels L1-L5. The initial CT-based segmentation was further optimized using PET data with a standardized uptake value (SUV) threshold approach (range 1.0-2.5) and morphological erosion (range 0-5 pixels). The [18F]FDG uptake in SUV that was measured by the automated method was compared with manual analysis. The reproducibility and repeatability were quantified using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). RESULTS The metabolic assessment of VAT on [18F]FDG PET/LDCT scans expressed as SUVmean, using an automated method showed high inter and intra observer (all ICCs > 0.99) and overall repeatability (ICC = 0.98). The manual method showed reproducible inter observer (all ICCs > 0.92), but less intra observer (ICC = 0.57) and less overall repeatability (ICC = 0.78) compared with the automated method. CONCLUSIONS Our proposed semi-automated method provided reproducible and repeatable quantitative analysis of [18F]FDG uptake in VAT. We expect this method to aid future research regarding the role of VAT in development of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie A de Boer
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, HP AA41, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Daan S Spoor
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Riemer H J A Slart
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine (MIRA), University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Douwe J Mulder
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, HP AA41, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Melanie Reijrink
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, HP AA41, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald J H Borra
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Medical Imaging Center of Southwest Finland, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerbrand M Kramer
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Otto S Hoekstra
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald Boellaard
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel J Greuter
- Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine (MIRA), University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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24
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Tahara N, Kojima R, Yoshida R, Bekki M, Sugiyama Y, Tahara A, Maeda S, Honda A, Igata S, Nakamura T, Sun J, Matsui T, Fukumoto Y, Matsui T, Yamagishi SI. Serum Levels of Protein-Bound Methylglyoxal-Derived Hydroimidazolone-1 are Independently Correlated with Asymmetric Dimethylarginine. Rejuvenation Res 2019; 22:431-438. [PMID: 30661488 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2018.2152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, being involved in endothelial dysfunction. Furthermore, ADMA levels have been shown to predict future cardiovascular events in patients with coronary risk factors, such as diabetes and hypertension. We have previously found that glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end products (glycer-AGEs) stimulate ADMA generation in vitro and the levels are associated with ADMA, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular inflammation in humans. However, it remains unclear what structurally distinct glycer-AGEs are independent correlates of ADMA. In this study, we addressed the issue. We measured serum levels of protein-bound and free methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone-1 (MG-H1) and argpyrimidine, two major structurally identified glycer-AGEs by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in 128 outpatients, and examined the correlations of these AGEs, vascular stiffness, and inflammation with ADMA. Moreover, we examined whether the changes in serum MG-H1 and argpyrimidine levels after 4-month treatment with oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) were associated with those of ADMA in other 44 patients with impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes. Multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed that protein-bound MG-H1, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (inversely), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and cardio-ankle vascular index were independently correlated with ADMA (R2 = 0.259). Treatment with OHAs significantly decreased ADMA levels in 44 glucose-intolerant or type 2 diabetic patients, and the changes in protein-bound MG-H1 levels were positively associated with those in ADMA values (p < 0.05). This study demonstrates that serum levels of protein-bound MG-H1 are independently correlated with ADMA and may be a therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Tahara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Ruchia Kojima
- Division of Bioscience and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Risa Yoshida
- Division of Bioscience and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Munehisa Bekki
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sugiyama
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Atsuko Tahara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Shoko Maeda
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Akihiro Honda
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Igata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Nakamura
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Jiahui Sun
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsui
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Fukumoto
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Toshiro Matsui
- Division of Bioscience and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sho-Ichi Yamagishi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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25
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Ping Z, Pei X, Xia P, Chen Y, Guo R, Hu C, Imam MU, Chen Y, Sun P, Liu L. Anthropometric indices as surrogates for estimating abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue: A meta-analysis with 16,129 participants. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 143:310-319. [PMID: 30086371 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM To seek anthropometric indices that estimate visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT and SAT) by meta-analysis and comparing the predictive efficacy based on different characteristics of participants. METHODS PubMed, PubMed Central, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang databases were searched for publications containing correlation coefficients of VAT and/or SAT with waist circumference (WC) and/or body mass index (BMI). The overall or subgroup pooled results were analyzed by meta and metafor packages of R with random effects model. MedCalc software was used to compare the correlation coefficients between groups. RESULTS Twenty-nine publications were included in this meta-analysis. The correlation coefficients of VAT-WC, VAT-BMI, SAT-WC and SAT-BMI for total studies were between 0.640 and 0.785. The correlation of VAT with WC was larger than that with BMI (Z = 11.664, P < 0.001). Meanwhile, the correlation coefficients of VAT-WC were statistically different among different age groups, areas, ethnicities, body shapes, scanning levels, units and instruments of measuring VAT (P < 0.05). The overall correlation of SAT with BMI was larger than that with WC (Z = 3.805, P < 0.001). The subgroups' correlation coefficients of SAT-BMI showed statistical differences between genders, age groups, areas, ethnicities, body shapes, scanning levels, units (cm2 and cm3) and instruments of measuring SAT (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS WC may be a common and simple surrogate for estimating VAT, and BMI for SAT, especially in Europeans, but not in the aged people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Ping
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Xiaoting Pei
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Peige Xia
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuansi Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Rui Guo
- The Nursing College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chenxi Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mustapha Umar Imam
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodio University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Yanzi Chen
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Panpan Sun
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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26
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Frank AP, de Souza Santos R, Palmer BF, Clegg DJ. Determinants of body fat distribution in humans may provide insight about obesity-related health risks. J Lipid Res 2018; 60:1710-1719. [PMID: 30097511 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r086975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity increases the risks of developing cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and degrades quality of life, ultimately increasing the risk of death. However, not all forms of obesity are equally dangerous: some individuals, despite higher percentages of body fat, are at less risk for certain chronic obesity-related complications. Many open questions remain about why this occurs. Data suggest that the physical location of fat and the overall health of fat dramatically influence disease risk; for example, higher concentrations of visceral relative to subcutaneous adipose tissue are associated with greater metabolic risks. As such, understanding the determinants of the location and health of adipose tissue can provide insight about the pathological consequences of obesity and can begin to outline targets for novel therapeutic approaches to combat the obesity epidemic. Although age and sex hormones clearly play roles in fat distribution and location, much remains unknown about gene regulation at the level of adipose tissue or how genetic variants regulate fat distribution. In this review, we discuss what is known about the determinants of body fat distribution, and we highlight the important roles of sex hormones, aging, and genetic variation in the determination of body fat distribution and its contribution to obesity-related comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron P Frank
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Wellness Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Roberta de Souza Santos
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Wellness Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Biff F Palmer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Deborah J Clegg
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Wellness Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
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27
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Usefulness of metabolic activity of adipose tissue in FDG PET/CT of colorectal cancer. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2018; 43:2052-2059. [PMID: 29198007 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-017-1418-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the relationship between metabolic activity of adipose tissue on FDG PET/CT and prognosis in colorectal cancer. METHODS A total of 176 colorectal cancer patients with curative surgical resection were retrospectively enrolled. Volume and metabolic activity of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) on FDG PET/CT images were measured. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUV) of primary tumor (SUVtumor) was also obtained. Univariate analysis with log-rank test and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate prognostic values of volume and metabolic activity of SAT and VAT as well as SUVtumor and clinicopathologic factors. RESULTS Of 176 patients, 26 experienced recurrence during follow-up. SUVtumor showed significant correlation with serum C-reactive protein level (r = 0.242, p = 0.001), SUV of VAT (r = 0.167, p = 0.026), and size of primary tumor (r = 0.341, p < 0.001). In univariate analysis with log-rank test, SUV of VAT (p = 0.009) and SAT (p = 0.006), volume of VAT (p = 0.015), N stage (p < 0.001), M stage (p < 0.001), tumor involvement of resection margin (p = 0.001), and lymphatic invasion (p = 0.024) were significantly associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS). However, SUVtumor showed no significant association with RFS. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, SUV of VAT (p = 0.016), presence of lymph node metastasis (p < 0.001), and tumor involvement of resection margin (p = 0.011) were independent prognostic factors for RFS. CONCLUSIONS The SUV of VAT in patients with colorectal cancer is significantly associated with FDG uptake of primary tumor. It is an independent predictor for RFS.
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28
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Fadason T, Ekblad C, Ingram JR, Schierding WS, O'Sullivan JM. Physical Interactions and Expression Quantitative Traits Loci Identify Regulatory Connections for Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Associated SNPs. Front Genet 2017; 8:150. [PMID: 29081791 PMCID: PMC5645506 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2017.00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms that underlie the association between obesity and type 2 diabetes are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the role of the 3D genome organization in the pathogeneses of obesity and type-2 diabetes. We interpreted the combined and differential impacts of 196 diabetes and 390 obesity associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by integrating data on the genes with which they physically interact (as captured by Hi-C) and the functional [i.e., expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL)] outcomes associated with these interactions. We identified 861 spatially regulated genes (e.g., AP3S2, ELP5, SVIP, IRS1, FADS2, WFS1, RBM6, HORMAD1, PYROXD2), which are enriched in tissues (e.g., adipose, skeletal muscle, pancreas) and biological processes and canonical pathways (e.g., lipid metabolism, leptin, and glucose-insulin signaling pathways) that are important for the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and obesity. Our discovery-based approach also identifies enrichment for eQTL SNP-gene interactions in tissues that are not classically associated with diabetes or obesity. We propose that the combinatorial action of active obesity and diabetes spatial eQTL SNPs on their gene pairs within different tissues reduces the ability of these tissues to contribute to the maintenance of a healthy energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayaza Fadason
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cameron Ekblad
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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29
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Association between volume and glucose metabolism of abdominal adipose tissue in healthy population. Obes Res Clin Pract 2017; 11:133-143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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30
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Takeuchi M, Takino JI, Sakasai-Sakai A, Takata T, Tsutsumi M. Toxic AGE (TAGE) Theory for the Pathophysiology of the Onset/Progression of NAFLD and ALD. Nutrients 2017; 9:E634. [PMID: 28632197 PMCID: PMC5490613 DOI: 10.3390/nu9060634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD) are among the most common causes of chronic liver diseases in the westernized world. NAFLD and ALD are frequently accompanied by extrahepatic complications, including hepatocellular carcinoma and cardiovascular diseases, which have a negative impact on patient survival. The chronic ingestion of an excessive daily diet containing sugar/high-fructose corn syrup increases the level of the fructose/glucose metabolite, glyceraldehyde (GA), while the chronic consumption of an excessive number of alcoholic beverages increases the level of the alcohol metabolite, acetaldehyde (AA) in the liver. GA and AA are known to react non-enzymatically with the ε- or α-amino groups of proteins, thereby generating advanced glycation end-products (AGEs, GA-AGEs, and AA-AGEs, respectively) in vivo. The interaction between GA-AGEs and the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) alters intracellular signaling, gene expression, and the release of pro-inflammatory molecules and also elicits the production of reactive oxygen species by human hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells, all of which may contribute to the pathological changes associated with chronic liver diseases. We herein discuss the pathophysiological roles of GA-AGEs and AA-AGEs (toxic AGEs, TAGE) and a related novel theory for preventing the onset/progression of NAFLD and ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
| | - Jun-Ichi Takino
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, 5-1-1, Hirokoshingai, Kure, Hiroshima 737-0112, Japan.
| | - Akiko Sakasai-Sakai
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
| | - Takanobu Takata
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
| | - Mikihiro Tsutsumi
- Department of Hepatology, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
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31
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Yoon HJ, Kim BS, Lee KE, Moon CM, Yoo J, Kim JS, Kim Y. Glucose metabolism of visceral adipose tissue measured by 18F-FDG PET/CT is related to the presence of colonic adenoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7156. [PMID: 28640092 PMCID: PMC5484200 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the relationships between the area and metabolic activity of adipose tissue and the presence of colorectal adenoma (CRA). Our institutional review board approved the study and waived informed consent. A total of 212 subjects who underwent fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) and colonoscopy for routine health check-ups were enrolled. The volumetric parameters of areas of visceral (VATav), subcutaneous (SATav), and total adipose tissue (TATav) and calculated visceral-to-subcutaneous adipose tissue ratio (VSR) and visceral-to-total adipose tissue ratio (VAR) were considered. Metabolic parameters of standardized uptake value (SUV) of visceral (vcSUVmax, vcSUVmean), subcutaneous (scSUVmax, scSUVmean), and calculated visceral-to-subcutaneous adipose tissue ratio (VSRmax, VSRmean) were considered. Anthropometric data of height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), body fat mass (BFM), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), and diverse laboratory data were also considered as variables. Sixty-six subjects were placed in the CRA group and 146 subjects in the non-CRA group. The presence of CRA was significantly correlated with older age (P = .001), male sex (P = .041), higher BMI (P = .004), higher WC (P = .001), higher BFM (P = .024), higher VATav (P < .001), higher TATav (P = .004), higher VSR (P < .001), higher VAR (P < .001), lower vcSUVmax (P = .002), lower vcSUVmean (P < .001), and lower VSRmean (P = .002). On multiple regression analysis, vcSUVmax and vcSUVmean were independently associated with the presence of CRA (P = .009 and P = .045). Lower glucose metabolism of visceral adipose tissue was related to the presence of CRA. Our findings identify the value of visceral metabolic dysfunction as a potential surrogate marker of elevated risk for CRA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bom Sahn Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine
- Health Promotion Center
| | | | | | | | | | - Yemi Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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32
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Enomoto M, Adachi H, Fukami A, Kumagai E, Nakamura S, Nohara Y, Kono S, Nakao E, Morikawa N, Tsuru T, Sakaue A, Fukumoto Y. A Useful Tool As a Medical Checkup in a General Population-Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2017; 4:3. [PMID: 28210619 PMCID: PMC5288389 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2017.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of visceral fat leads to metabolic syndrome and increases risks of cerebro-cardiovascular diseases, which should be recognized and improved at the early stage in general population. Accurate measurement of visceral fat area (VFA) is commonly performed by the abdominal cross-sectional image measured by computed tomography scan, which is, however, limited due to the radiation exposure. The bioelectrical impedance analysis (OMRON, HDS-2000 DUALSCANR) has been recently developed to measure VFA, which is more easily accessible modality. In the present study, we investigated the clinical usefulness of DUALSCANR in 226 subjects who received health examination, including blood chemistries, electrocardiography, cardio, and carotid ultrasonography. VFA was measured within only just 5 min. Average of VFA was 83.5 ± 36.3 cm2 in men, and 64.8 ± 28.0 cm2 in women, which was correlated to weight (r = 0.7404, p < 0.0001), body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.7320, p < 0.0001), and waist circumstance (r = 0.7393, p < 0.0001). In multivariate analyses, VFA was significantly associated with weight (p < 0.0001), BMI (p < 0.0001), and waist circumstance (p < 0.0001). Compared to the group of smaller waist and normal BMI, VFA was significantly increased (p < 0.0001) in the group of larger waist and obese subjects. In conclusion, these results indicated that DUALSCANR is useful to measure VFA easily in general population, even in a large number of subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Enomoto
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine , Kurume , Japan
| | - Hisashi Adachi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan; Department of Community Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Ako Fukami
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine , Kurume , Japan
| | - Eita Kumagai
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine , Kurume , Japan
| | - Sachiko Nakamura
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine , Kurume , Japan
| | - Yume Nohara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine , Kurume , Japan
| | - Shoko Kono
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine , Kurume , Japan
| | - Erika Nakao
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine , Kurume , Japan
| | - Nagisa Morikawa
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine , Kurume , Japan
| | - Tomoko Tsuru
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine , Kurume , Japan
| | - Akiko Sakaue
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine , Kurume , Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Fukumoto
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine , Kurume , Japan
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Metabolic and morphological measurements of subcutaneous and visceral fat and their relationship with disease stage and overall survival in newly diagnosed pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016; 44:110-116. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-016-3525-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yamagishi SI, Matsui T. Protective role of sulphoraphane against vascular complications in diabetes. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2329-2339. [PMID: 26841240 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2016.1138314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Context Diabetes is a global health challenge. Although large prospective clinical trials have shown that intensive control of blood glucose or blood pressure reduces the risk for development and progression of vascular complications in diabetes, a substantial number of diabetic patients still experience renal failure and cardiovascular events, which could account for disabilities and high mortality rate in these subjects. Objective Sulphoraphane is a naturally occurring isothiocyanate found in widely consumed cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli, cabbage and Brussels sprouts, and an inducer of phase II antioxidant and detoxification enzymes with anticancer properties. We reviewed here the protective role of sulphoraphane against diabetic vascular complications. Methods In this review, literature searches were undertaken in Medline and in CrossRef. Non-English language articles were excluded. Keywords [sulphoraphane and (diabetes, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic complications, vascular, cardiomyocytes, heart or glycation)] have been used to select the articles. Results There is accumulating evidence that sulphoraphane exerts beneficial effects on vascular damage in both cell culture and diabetic animal models via antioxidative properties. Furthermore, we have recently found that sulphoraphane inhibits in vitro formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), suppresses the AGE-induced inflammatory reactions in rat aorta by reducing receptor for AGEs (RAGE) expression and decreases serum levels of AGEs in humans. Conclusion These findings suggest that blockade of oxidative stress and/or the AGE-RAGE axis by sulphoraphane may be a novel therapeutic strategy for preventing vascular complications in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho-Ichi Yamagishi
- a Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications , Kurume University School of Medicine , Kurume , Japan
| | - Takanori Matsui
- a Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications , Kurume University School of Medicine , Kurume , Japan
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Takeuchi M. Serum Levels of Toxic AGEs (TAGE) May Be a Promising Novel Biomarker for the Onset/Progression of Lifestyle-Related Diseases. Diagnostics (Basel) 2016; 6:E23. [PMID: 27338481 PMCID: PMC4931418 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics6020023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) generated with aging or in the presence of diabetes mellitus, particularly AGEs derived from the glucose/fructose metabolism intermediate glyceraldehyde (Glycer-AGEs; termed toxic AGEs (TAGE)), were recently shown to be closely involved in the onset/progression of diabetic vascular complications via the receptor for AGEs (RAGE). TAGE also contribute to various diseases, such as cardiovascular disease; nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; cancer; Alzheimer's disease, and; infertility. This suggests the necessity of minimizing the influence of the TAGE-RAGE axis in order to prevent the onset/progression of lifestyle-related diseases (LSRD) and establish therapeutic strategies. Changes in serum TAGE levels are closely associated with LSRD related to overeating, a lack of exercise, or excessive ingestion of sugars/dietary AGEs. We also showed that serum TAGE levels, but not those of hemoglobin A1c, glucose-derived AGEs, or Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine, have potential as a biomarker for predicting the progression of atherosclerosis and future cardiovascular events. We herein introduce the usefulness of serum TAGE levels as a biomarker for the prevention/early diagnosis of LSRD and the evaluation of the efficacy of treatments; we discuss whether dietary AGE/sugar intake restrictions reduce the generation/accumulation of TAGE, thereby preventing the onset/progression of LSRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
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Comparison of Visceral Fat Measures with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Healthy Adults. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153031. [PMID: 27043708 PMCID: PMC4820273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the associations of visceral adiposity with cardiometabolic risk factors in normal subjects with integrated 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT). A total of 58 normal subjects who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT scan for cancer screening were included in this study. Volume and average Hounsfield unit (HU) of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was measured from CT components of integrated PET/CT. Standardized uptake values (SUVmax) of liver, spleen, lumbar spine and ascending aorta (AA) were measured from PET components of integrated PET/CT. Body mass index (coefficient 78.25, p = 0.0259), glucose (37.62, p<0.0001), insulin (348.90, p = 0.0011), logarithmic transformation of homeostatic model assessment index-insulin resistance (-2118.37, p = 0.0007), and VAT HU (-134.99, p<0.0001) were independently associated with VAT volume. Glucose (0.1187, p = 0.0098) and VAT volume (-0.004, p<0.0001) were found to be associated with VAT HU. Both VAT volume and VAT HU of whole abdominal cavity is significantly associated with cardiometabolic risk factors.
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Aoi S, Miyake T, Iida T, Ikeda H, Ishizaki F, Chikamura C, Tamura N, Nitta Y, Harada T, Miyaguchi H. Association of Changes in Neck Circumference with Cardiometabolic Risk in Postmenopausal Healthy Women. J Atheroscler Thromb 2016; 23:728-36. [PMID: 26797264 DOI: 10.5551/jat.31963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Although neck circumference (NC) is thought to predict obesity-related metabolic abnormality, its causal role in cardiometabolic risk is unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify the impact of changes in NC on cardiometabolic risk in healthy postmenopausal women through a community-based longitudinal study. METHODS From a local community in Japan, 63 generally healthy postmenopausal women were recruited. All participants received an assessment of obesity-related anthropometric markers, biochemical parameters, and hemodynamic measures and were followed on average for 3 years. RESULTS At baseline analysis, larger NC was positively associated with atherosclerosis-related markers, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and blood pressure, as well as some lipid parameters. After the follow-up period, change in NC was associated with changes in body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, and waist circumference (WC). Interestingly, significant correlations of change in NC with changes in baPWV and blood pressure were observed, whereas changes in WC and BMI were only associated with changes in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and/or total cholesterol. In multivariate linear regression analysis, change in NC was significantly associated with changes in baPWV and systolic blood pressure, independent of changes in BMI, WC, and biochemical parameters. In addition, an increase in NC was associated with a 2.69-fold increased odds ratio of accelerated baPWV. CONCLUSIONS Change in NC was independently associated with changes in atherosclerosis-related markers. These observations suggest that NC is an important predictor of the risk of developing obesity-related atherosclerosis in healthy postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Aoi
- Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima
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Yamagishi SI, Nakamura N, Suematsu M, Kaseda K, Matsui T. Advanced Glycation End Products: A Molecular Target for Vascular Complications in Diabetes. Mol Med 2015; 21 Suppl 1:S32-40. [PMID: 26605646 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2015.00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A nonenzymatic reaction between reducing sugars and amino groups of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids contributes to the aging of macromolecules and subsequently alters their structural integrity and function. This process has been known to progress at an accelerated rate under hyperglycemic and/or oxidative stress conditions. Over a course of days to weeks, early glycation products undergo further reactions such as rearrangements and dehydration to become irreversibly cross-linked, fluorescent and senescent macroprotein derivatives termed advanced glycation end products (AGEs). There is a growing body of evidence indicating that interaction of AGEs with their receptor (RAGE) elicits oxidative stress generation and as a result evokes proliferative, inflammatory, thrombotic and fibrotic reactions in a variety of cells. This evidence supports AGEs' involvement in diabetes- and aging-associated disorders such as diabetic vascular complications, cancer, Alzheimer's disease and osteoporosis. Therefore, inhibition of AGE formation could be a novel molecular target for organ protection in diabetes. This report summarizes the pathophysiological role of AGEs in vascular complications in diabetes and discusses the potential clinical utility of measurement of serum levels of AGEs for evaluating organ damage in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho-Ichi Yamagishi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Nakamura
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Mika Suematsu
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.,Saravio Central Institute, Oita, Japan
| | | | - Takanori Matsui
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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Yamagishi SI, Matsui T. Pathologic role of dietary advanced glycation end products in cardiometabolic disorders, and therapeutic intervention. Nutrition 2015; 32:157-65. [PMID: 26602289 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Reactive derivatives from nonenzymatic glucose-protein condensation reactions, as well as lipids and nucleic acids exposed to reducing sugars, form a heterogeneous group of irreversible adducts called AGEs (advanced glycation end products). The glycation process begins with the conversion of reversible Schiff base adducts to more stable, covalently bound Amadori rearrangement products. Over the course of days to weeks, these Amadori products undergo further rearrangement and condensation reactions to form irreversibly cross-linked macroprotein derivatives known as AGEs. The formation and accumulation of AGEs have been known to progress in a physiological aging process and at an accelerated rate under hyperglycemic and oxidative stress conditions. There is growing evidence that AGEs play a pathologic role in numerous disorders. Indeed, glycation and/or cross-linking modification of circulating or organic matrix proteins by AGEs the senescence of moieties and deteriorate their physiological function and structural integrity in multiple organ systems. Moreover, AGEs elicit oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions through the interaction with the receptor for advanced glycation products in a variety of cells, thereby contributing to the development and progression of various aging- or diabetes-related disorders, such as cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, insulin resistance, and Alzheimer's disease. Recently, diet has been recognized as a major environmental source of AGEs that could cause proinflammatory reactions and organ damage in vivo. Therefore, this review summarizes the pathophysiological role of dietary AGEs in health and disease, especially focusing on cardiometabolic disorders. We also discuss the potential utility in targeting exogenously derived AGEs for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho-Ichi Yamagishi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
| | - Takanori Matsui
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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