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Fadini GP, Marassi M. Vitamin D and Cardiovascular Risk: Stemming the Tide of Poor Outcomes in Coronary Heart Disease. JACC. ADVANCES 2024; 3:100803. [PMID: 38939406 PMCID: PMC11198725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2023.100803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Gian Paolo Fadini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
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2
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Bonora BM, Cappellari R, Albiero M, Prevedello L, Foletto M, Vettor R, Avogaro A, Fadini GP. Putative circulating adipose tissue-derived stem cells, obesity, and metabolic syndrome features. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:2147-2155. [PMID: 36952215 PMCID: PMC10514150 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02067-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In mice, adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) reach the systemic circulation and establish ectopic adipose depots fostering insulin resistance, but whether this occurs in humans is unknown. We examined circulating ASCs in individuals with various combination of metabolic syndrome traits. METHODS We enrolled patients attending a routine metabolic evaluation or scheduled for bariatric surgery. We quantified ASCs as CD34+CD45-CD31-(CD36+) cells in the stromal vascular fraction of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue samples and examined the presence and frequency of putative ASCs in peripheral blood. RESULTS We included 111 patients (mean age 59 years, 55% males), 40 of whom were scheduled for bariatric surgery. The population of CD34+CD45-CD31- ASCs was significantly more frequent in visceral than subcutaneous adipose depots (10.4 vs 4.1% of the stromal vascular fraction; p < 0.001), but not correlated with BMI or metabolic syndrome traits. The same phenotype of ASCs was detectable in peripheral blood of 58.6% of patients. Those with detectable circulating ASCs had significantly higher BMI (37.8 vs 33.3 kg/m2; p = 0.003) and waist (111.2 vs 105.4 cm; p = 0.001), but no difference in other metabolic syndrome traits (p = 0.84). After bariatric surgery, patients with detectable circulating ASCs had greater BMI reductions at 6 months (- 10.4 vs - 7.8 kg/m2; p = 0.014). CONCLUSION Presence of putative circulating ASCs, antigenically similar to those observed in the adipose tissue, is associated with greater adiposity and larger BMI reduction after surgery, but not with clinical signs of metabolic impairment. The role of circulating ASCs in adipose tissue biology and systemic metabolism deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Bonora
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129, Padua, Italy
| | - R Cappellari
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Bariatric Surgery Unit, University Hospital of Padova, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - M Albiero
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129, Padua, Italy
| | - L Prevedello
- Bariatric Surgery Unit, University Hospital of Padova, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - M Foletto
- Bariatric Surgery Unit, University Hospital of Padova, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - R Vettor
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - A Avogaro
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - G P Fadini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128, Padua, Italy.
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129, Padua, Italy.
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3
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Dassie F, Albiero M, Bettini S, Cappellari R, Milan G, Ciciliot S, Naggert JK, Avogaro A, Vettor R, Maffei P, Fadini GP. Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Metabolic Deterioration in Alström Syndrome, a Rare Genetic Model of the Metabolic Syndrome. Endocrinology 2023; 164:7005410. [PMID: 36702623 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Alström syndrome (AS) is a rare genetic disease caused by ALMS1 mutations, characterized by short stature, and vision and hearing loss. Patients with AS develop the metabolic syndrome, long-term organ complications, and die prematurely. We explored the association between AS and a shortage of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), which is linked to metabolic diseases and predicts diabetic complications. We included patients with AS at a national referral center. We measured HSPCs with flow cytometry at baseline and follow-up. We followed patients up to January 2022 for metabolic worsening and end-organ damage. We evaluated HSPC levels and mobilization as well as bone marrow histology in a murine model of AS. In 23 patients with AS, we found significantly lower circulating HSPCs than in healthy blood donors (-40%; P = .002) and age/sex-matched patients (-25%; P = .022). Longitudinally, HSPCs significantly declined by a further 20% in patients with AS over a median of 36 months (interquartile range 30-44). Patients with AS who displayed metabolic deterioration over 5.3 years had lower levels of HSPCs, both at baseline and at last observation, than those who did not deteriorate. Alms1-mutated mice were obese and insulin resistant and displayed significantly reduced circulating HSPCs, despite no overt hematological abnormality. Contrary to what was observed in diabetic mice, HSPC mobilization and bone marrow structure were unaffected. We found depletion of HSPCs in patients with AS, which was recapitulated in Alms1-mutated mice. Larger and longer studies will be needed to establish HSPCs shortage as a driver of metabolic deterioration leading to end-organ damage in AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Dassie
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Mattia Albiero
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Bettini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | | | - Gabriella Milan
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Angelo Avogaro
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Vettor
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Pietro Maffei
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Fadini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35128 Padova, Italy
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4
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Fadini GP, Albiero M. Impaired haematopoietic stem / progenitor cell traffic and multi-organ damage in diabetes. Stem Cells 2022; 40:716-723. [PMID: 35552468 PMCID: PMC9406601 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
During antenatal development, hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) arise from a specialized endothelium and migrate from the extraembryonic mesoderm to the fetal liver before establishing hematopoiesis in the bone marrow (BM). It is still debated whether, in adulthood, HSPCs display such ontologic overlap with vascular cells and capacity for endothelial differentiation. Yet, adult HSPCs retain a prominent migratory activity and traffic in the bloodstream to secondary lymphoid organs and all peripheral tissues, before eventually returning to the BM. While patrolling parenchymatous organs, HSPCs locate close to the vasculature, where they establish local hematopoietic islands and contribute to tissue homeostasis by paracrine signals. Solid evidence shows that diabetes mellitus jeopardizes the traffic of HSPCs from BM to the circulation and peripheral tissues, a condition called “mobilopathy.” A reduction in the levels of circulating HSPCs is the most immediate and apparent consequence, which has been consistently observed in human diabetes, and is strongly associated with future risk for multi-organ damage, including micro- and macro-angiopathy. But the shortage of HSPCs in the blood is only the visible tip of the iceberg. Abnormal HSPC traffic results from a complex interplay among metabolism, innate immunity, and hematopoiesis. Notably, mobilopathy is mechanistically connected with diabetes-induced myelopoiesis. Impaired traffic of HSPCs and enhanced generation of pro-inflammatory cells synergize for tissue damage and impair the resolution of inflammation. We herein summarize the current evidence that diabetes affects HSPC traffic, which are the causes and consequences of such alteration, and how it contributes to the overall disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Paolo Fadini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Mattia Albiero
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
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5
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Bakbak E, Terenzi DC, Trac JZ, Teoh H, Quan A, Glazer SA, Rotstein OD, Al-Omran M, Verma S, Hess DA. Lessons from bariatric surgery: Can increased GLP-1 enhance vascular repair during cardiometabolic-based chronic disease? Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2021; 22:1171-1188. [PMID: 34228302 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-021-09669-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity represent entangled pandemics that accelerate the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Given the immense burden of CVD in society, non-invasive prevention and treatment strategies to promote cardiovascular health are desperately needed. During T2D and obesity, chronic dysglycemia and abnormal adiposity result in systemic oxidative stress and inflammation that deplete the vascular regenerative cell reservoir in the bone marrow that impairs blood vessel repair and exacerbates the penetrance of CVD co-morbidities. This novel translational paradigm, termed 'regenerative cell exhaustion' (RCE), can be detected as the depletion and dysfunction of hematopoietic and endothelial progenitor cell lineages in the peripheral blood of individuals with established T2D and/or obesity. The reversal of vascular RCE has been observed after administration of the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), empagliflozin, or after bariatric surgery for severe obesity. In this review, we explore emerging evidence that links improved dysglycemia to a reduction in systemic oxidative stress and recovery of circulating pro-vascular progenitor cell content required for blood vessel repair. Given that bariatric surgery consistently increases systemic glucagon-like-peptide 1 (GLP-1) release, we also focus on evidence that the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) during obesity may act to inhibit the progression of systemic dysglycemia and adiposity, and indirectly reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, thereby limiting the impact of RCE. Therefore, therapeutic intervention with currently-available GLP-1RA may provide a less-invasive modality to reverse RCE, bolster vascular repair mechanisms, and improve cardiometabolic risk in individuals living with T2D and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab Bakbak
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniella C Terenzi
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Justin Z Trac
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hwee Teoh
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Adrian Quan
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen A Glazer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Humber River Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Ori D Rotstein
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mohammed Al-Omran
- Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Subodh Verma
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David A Hess
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Molecular Medicine Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
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Hess DA, Verma S, Bhatt D, Bakbak E, Terenzi DC, Puar P, Cosentino F. Vascular repair and regeneration in cardiometabolic diseases. Eur Heart J 2021; 43:450-459. [PMID: 34849704 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic cardiometabolic assaults during type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity induce a progenitor cell imbalance in the circulation characterized by overproduction and release of pro-inflammatory monocytes and granulocytes from the bone marrow alongside aberrant differentiation and mobilization of pro-vascular progenitor cells that generate downstream progeny for the coordination of blood vessel repair. This imbalance can be detected in the peripheral blood of individuals with established T2D and severe obesity using multiparametric flow cytometry analyses to discern pro-inflammatory vs. pro-angiogenic progenitor cell subsets identified by high aldehyde dehydrogenase activity, a conserved progenitor cell protective function, combined with lineage-restricted cell surface marker analyses. Recent evidence suggests that progenitor cell imbalance can be reversed by treatment with pharmacological agents or surgical interventions that reduce hyperglycaemia or excess adiposity. In this state-of-the-art review, we present current strategies to assess the progression of pro-vascular regenerative cell depletion in peripheral blood samples of individuals with T2D and obesity and we summarize novel clinical data that intervention using sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibition or gastric bypass surgery can efficiently restore cell-mediated vascular repair mechanisms associated with profound cardiovascular benefits in recent outcome trials. Collectively, this thesis generates a compelling argument for early intervention using current pharmacological agents to prevent or restore imbalanced circulating progenitor content and maintain vascular regenerative cell trafficking to sites of ischaemic damage. This conceptual advancement may lead to the design of novel therapeutic approaches to prevent or reverse the devastating cardiovascular comorbidities currently associated with T2D and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Hess
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 3J3, Canada.,Division of Vascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada.,Molecular Medicine Research Laboratories, Krembil Centre for Stem Cells Biology, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, ON N6H 0E8, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, ON N6H 0E8, Canada
| | - Subodh Verma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 3J3, Canada.,Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 3J3, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 3J3, Canada
| | - Deepak Bhatt
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ehab Bakbak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 3J3, Canada.,Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Daniella C Terenzi
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 3J3, Canada
| | - Pankaj Puar
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Francesco Cosentino
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm SE171 77, Sweden
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7
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Associations between increased circulating endothelial progenitor cell levels and anxiety/depressive severity, cognitive deficit and function disability among patients with major depressive disorder. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18221. [PMID: 34521977 PMCID: PMC8440504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97853-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of major depressive disorder (MDD) with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) through endothelial dysfunction is bidirectional. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs), essential for endothelial repair and function, are associated with risks of various CVDs. Here, the relationship of cEPC counts with MDD and the related clinical presentations were investigated in 50 patients with MDD and 46 healthy controls. In patients with MDD, a battery of clinical domains was analysed: depressed mood with Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), anxiety with Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), cognitive dysfunction and deficit with Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) and Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-Depression (PDQ-D), somatic symptoms with Depressive and Somatic Symptom Scale (DSSS), quality of life with 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) and functional disability with Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS). Immature and mature cEPC counts were measured through flow cytometry. Increased mature and immature cEPC counts were significantly associated with higher anxiety after controlling the confounding effect of systolic blood pressure, and potentially associated with more severe depressive symptoms, worse cognitive performance and increased cognitive deficit, higher social disability, and worse mental health outcomes. Thus, cEPCs might have pleiotropic effects on MDD-associated symptoms and psychosocial outcomes.
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Mehta A, Meng Q, Li X, Desai SR, D’Souza MS, Ho AH, Islam SJ, Dhindsa DS, Almuwaqqat Z, Nayak A, Alkhoder AA, Hooda A, Varughese A, Ahmad SF, Mokhtari A, Hesaroieh I, Sperling LS, Ko YA, Waller EK, Quyyumi AA. Vascular Regenerative Capacity and the Obesity Paradox in Coronary Artery Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2097-2108. [PMID: 33853349 PMCID: PMC8147702 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Mehta
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute (A. Mehta, S.J.I., D.S.D., Z.A., A.N., A.A.A., A.H., A.V., S.F.A., A. Mokhtari, I.H., L.S.S., Y.-A.K., A.A.Q.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Qi Meng
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (Q.M., X.L., Y.-A.K.)
| | - Xiaona Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (Q.M., X.L., Y.-A.K.)
| | - Shivang R. Desai
- Department of Medicine (S.R.D., M.S.D., A.H.H.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Melroy S. D’Souza
- Department of Medicine (S.R.D., M.S.D., A.H.H.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Annie H. Ho
- Department of Medicine (S.R.D., M.S.D., A.H.H.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Shabatun J. Islam
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute (A. Mehta, S.J.I., D.S.D., Z.A., A.N., A.A.A., A.H., A.V., S.F.A., A. Mokhtari, I.H., L.S.S., Y.-A.K., A.A.Q.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Devinder S. Dhindsa
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute (A. Mehta, S.J.I., D.S.D., Z.A., A.N., A.A.A., A.H., A.V., S.F.A., A. Mokhtari, I.H., L.S.S., Y.-A.K., A.A.Q.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Zakaria Almuwaqqat
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute (A. Mehta, S.J.I., D.S.D., Z.A., A.N., A.A.A., A.H., A.V., S.F.A., A. Mokhtari, I.H., L.S.S., Y.-A.K., A.A.Q.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Aditi Nayak
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute (A. Mehta, S.J.I., D.S.D., Z.A., A.N., A.A.A., A.H., A.V., S.F.A., A. Mokhtari, I.H., L.S.S., Y.-A.K., A.A.Q.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ayman A. Alkhoder
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute (A. Mehta, S.J.I., D.S.D., Z.A., A.N., A.A.A., A.H., A.V., S.F.A., A. Mokhtari, I.H., L.S.S., Y.-A.K., A.A.Q.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ananya Hooda
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute (A. Mehta, S.J.I., D.S.D., Z.A., A.N., A.A.A., A.H., A.V., S.F.A., A. Mokhtari, I.H., L.S.S., Y.-A.K., A.A.Q.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Anil Varughese
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute (A. Mehta, S.J.I., D.S.D., Z.A., A.N., A.A.A., A.H., A.V., S.F.A., A. Mokhtari, I.H., L.S.S., Y.-A.K., A.A.Q.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Syed F. Ahmad
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute (A. Mehta, S.J.I., D.S.D., Z.A., A.N., A.A.A., A.H., A.V., S.F.A., A. Mokhtari, I.H., L.S.S., Y.-A.K., A.A.Q.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ali Mokhtari
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute (A. Mehta, S.J.I., D.S.D., Z.A., A.N., A.A.A., A.H., A.V., S.F.A., A. Mokhtari, I.H., L.S.S., Y.-A.K., A.A.Q.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Iraj Hesaroieh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute (A. Mehta, S.J.I., D.S.D., Z.A., A.N., A.A.A., A.H., A.V., S.F.A., A. Mokhtari, I.H., L.S.S., Y.-A.K., A.A.Q.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Laurence S. Sperling
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute (A. Mehta, S.J.I., D.S.D., Z.A., A.N., A.A.A., A.H., A.V., S.F.A., A. Mokhtari, I.H., L.S.S., Y.-A.K., A.A.Q.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Yi-An Ko
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute (A. Mehta, S.J.I., D.S.D., Z.A., A.N., A.A.A., A.H., A.V., S.F.A., A. Mokhtari, I.H., L.S.S., Y.-A.K., A.A.Q.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (Q.M., X.L., Y.-A.K.)
| | - Edmund K. Waller
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute (E.K.W.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Arshed A. Quyyumi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute (A. Mehta, S.J.I., D.S.D., Z.A., A.N., A.A.A., A.H., A.V., S.F.A., A. Mokhtari, I.H., L.S.S., Y.-A.K., A.A.Q.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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Marcks N, Aimo A, Januzzi JL, Vergaro G, Clerico A, Latini R, Meessen J, Anand IS, Cohn JN, Gravning J, Ueland T, Bayes-Genis A, Lupón J, de Boer RA, Yoshihisa A, Takeishi Y, Egstrup M, Gustafsson I, Gaggin HK, Eggers KM, Huber K, Tentzeris I, Ripoli A, Passino C, Sanders-van Wijk S, Emdin M, Brunner-La Rocca HP. Re-appraisal of the obesity paradox in heart failure: a meta-analysis of individual data. Clin Res Cardiol 2021; 110:1280-1291. [PMID: 33704552 PMCID: PMC8318940 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-021-01822-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with better outcome compared with normal weight in patients with HF and other chronic diseases. It remains uncertain whether the apparent protective role of obesity relates to the absence of comorbidities. Therefore, we investigated the effect of BMI on outcome in younger patients without co-morbidities as compared to older patients with co-morbidities in a large heart failure (HF) population. Methods In an individual patient data analysis from pooled cohorts, 5,819 patients with chronic HF and data available on BMI, co-morbidities and outcome were analysed. Patients were divided into four groups based on BMI (i.e. ≤ 18.5 kg/m2, 18.5–25.0 kg/m2; 25.0–30.0 kg/m2; 30.0 kg/m2). Primary endpoints included all-cause mortality and HF hospitalization-free survival. Results Mean age was 65 ± 12 years, with a majority of males (78%), ischaemic HF and HF with reduced ejection fraction. Frequency of all-cause mortality or HF hospitalization was significantly worse in the lowest two BMI groups as compared to the other two groups; however, this effect was only seen in patients older than 75 years or having at least one relevant co-morbidity, and not in younger patients with HF only. After including medications and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin concentrations into the model, the prognostic impact of BMI was largely absent even in the elderly group with co-morbidity. Conclusions The present study suggests that obesity is a marker of less advanced disease, but does not have an independent protective effect in patients with chronic HF. Graphic abstract Categories of BMI are only predictive of poor outcome in patients aged > 75 years or with at least one co-morbidity (bottom), but not in those aged < 75 years without co-morbidities (top). The prognostic effect largely disappears in multivariable analyses even for the former group. These findings question the protective effect of obesity in chronic heart failure (HF). ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00392-021-01822-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Marcks
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 5800, 6202AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Alberto Aimo
- Cardiology Division, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - James L Januzzi
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Baim Institute for Clinical Research, Boston, USA
| | - Giuseppe Vergaro
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Aldo Clerico
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Latini
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Institute for Pharmacological Research Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Jennifer Meessen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Institute for Pharmacological Research Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Inder S Anand
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
- Department of Cardiology, VA Medical Centre, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Jay N Cohn
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Jørgen Gravning
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thor Ueland
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Centre, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Josep Lupón
- Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- University Medical Centre Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Akiomi Yoshihisa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yasuchika Takeishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Michael Egstrup
- Department of Cardiology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, København, Denmark
| | - Ida Gustafsson
- Department of Cardiology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, København, Denmark
| | - Hanna K Gaggin
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Baim Institute for Clinical Research, Boston, USA
| | - Kai M Eggers
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kurt Huber
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, Wilhelminenspital and Sigmund Freud University Medical School, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ioannis Tentzeris
- Faculty of Internal Medicine, Wilhelminenspital and Sigmund Freud University Medical School, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Claudio Passino
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sandra Sanders-van Wijk
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 5800, 6202AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Michele Emdin
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- Fondazione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Hans-Peter Brunner-La Rocca
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 5800, 6202AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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10
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Fadini GP, Mehta A, Dhindsa DS, Bonora BM, Sreejit G, Nagareddy P, Quyyumi AA. Circulating stem cells and cardiovascular outcomes: from basic science to the clinic. Eur Heart J 2020; 41:4271-4282. [PMID: 31891403 PMCID: PMC7825095 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The cardiovascular and haematopoietic systems have fundamental inter-relationships during development, as well as in health and disease of the adult organism. Although haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) emerge from a specialized haemogenic endothelium in the embryo, persistence of haemangioblasts in adulthood is debated. Rather, the vast majority of circulating stem cells (CSCs) is composed of bone marrow-derived HSCs and the downstream haematopoietic stem/progenitors (HSPCs). A fraction of these cells, known as endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), has endothelial specification and vascular tropism. In general, the levels of HSCs, HSPCs, and EPCs are considered indicative of the endogenous regenerative capacity of the organism as a whole and, particularly, of the cardiovascular system. In the last two decades, the research on CSCs has focused on their physiologic role in tissue/organ homoeostasis, their potential application in cell therapies, and their use as clinical biomarkers. In this review, we provide background information on the biology of CSCs and discuss in detail the clinical implications of changing CSC levels in patients with cardiovascular risk factors or established cardiovascular disease. Of particular interest is the mounting evidence available in the literature on the close relationships between reduced levels of CSCs and adverse cardiovascular outcomes in different cohorts of patients. We also discuss potential mechanisms that explain this association. Beyond CSCs' ability to participate in cardiovascular repair, levels of CSCs need to be interpreted in the context of the broader connections between haematopoiesis and cardiovascular function, including the role of clonal haematopoiesis and inflammatory myelopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Paolo Fadini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Anurag Mehta
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Devinder Singh Dhindsa
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | | | - Gopalkrishna Sreejit
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Prabhakara Nagareddy
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Arshed Ali Quyyumi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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11
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Serena C, Millan M, Ejarque M, Saera-Vila A, Maymó-Masip E, Núñez-Roa C, Monfort-Ferré D, Terrón-Puig M, Bautista M, Menacho M, Martí M, Espin E, Vendrell J, Fernández-Veledo S. Adipose stem cells from patients with Crohn's disease show a distinctive DNA methylation pattern. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:53. [PMID: 32252817 PMCID: PMC7137346 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00843-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Crohn’s disease (CD) is characterized by persistent inflammation and ulceration of the small or large bowel, and expansion of mesenteric adipose tissue, termed creeping fat (CF). We previously demonstrated that human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) from CF of patients with CD exhibit dysfunctional phenotypes, including a pro-inflammatory profile, high phagocytic capacity, and weak immunosuppressive properties. Importantly, these phenotypes persist in patients in remission and are found in all adipose depots explored including subcutaneous fat. We hypothesized that changes in hASCs are a consequence of epigenetic modifications. Methods We applied epigenome-wide profiling with a methylation array (Illumina EPIC/850k array) and gene expression analysis to explore the impact of CD on the methylation signature of hASCs isolated from the subcutaneous fat of patients with CD and healthy controls (n = 7 and 5, respectively; cohort I). Differentially methylated positions (p value cutoff < 1 × 10−4 and ten or more DMPs per gene) and regions (inclusion threshold 0.2, p value cutoff < 1 × 10−2 and more than 2 DMRs per gene) were identified using dmpfinder and Bumphunter (minfi), respectively. Changes in the expression of differentially methylated genes in hASCs were validated in a second cohort (n = 10/10 inactive and active CD and 10 controls; including patients from cohort I) and also in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with active/inactive CD and of healthy controls (cohort III; n = 30 independent subjects). Results We found a distinct DNA methylation landscape in hASCs from patients with CD, leading to changes in the expression of differentially methylated genes involved in immune response, metabolic, cell differentiation, and development processes. Notably, the expression of several of these genes in hASCs and PBMCs such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFA) and PR domain zinc finger protein 16 (PRDM16) were not restored to normal (healthy) levels after disease remission. Conclusions hASCs of patients with CD exhibit a unique DNA methylation and gene expression profile, but the expression of several genes are only partially restored in patients with inactive CD, both in hASCs and PBMCs. Understanding how CD shapes the functionality of hASCs is critical for investigating the complex pathophysiology of this disease, as well as for the success of cell-based therapies. Graphical abstract Human adipose-stem cells isolated from subcutaneous fat of patients with Crohn’s disease exhibit an altered DNA methylation pattern and gene expression profile compared with those isolated from healthy individuals, with immune system, cell differentiation, metabolic and development processes identified as the main pathways affected. Interestingly, the gene expression of several genes involved in these pathways is only partially restored to control levels in patients with inactive Crohn’s disease, both in human adipose-stem cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Understanding how Crohn’s disease shapes the functionality of human adipose-stem cells is critical for investigating the complex pathophysiology of this disease, as well as for the success of cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Serena
- Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Dr Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28014, Madrid, Spain
| | - Monica Millan
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.,Colorectal Surgery Unit, Hospital Universitari La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miriam Ejarque
- Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Dr Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28014, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Saera-Vila
- Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Dr Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Elsa Maymó-Masip
- Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Dr Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28014, Madrid, Spain
| | - Catalina Núñez-Roa
- Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Dr Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28014, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diandra Monfort-Ferré
- Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Dr Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Margarida Terrón-Puig
- Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Dr Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28014, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michelle Bautista
- Digestive Unit, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Margarita Menacho
- Digestive Unit, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marc Martí
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, General Surgery Service, Hospital Valle de Hebron, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eloy Espin
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, General Surgery Service, Hospital Valle de Hebron, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Vendrell
- Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Dr Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain. .,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28014, Madrid, Spain. .,Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Dr Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007, Tarragona, Spain. .,CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28014, Madrid, Spain.
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12
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Albiero M, Ciciliot S, Tedesco S, Menegazzo L, D'Anna M, Scattolini V, Cappellari R, Zuccolotto G, Rosato A, Cignarella A, Giorgio M, Avogaro A, Fadini GP. Diabetes-Associated Myelopoiesis Drives Stem Cell Mobilopathy Through an OSM-p66Shc Signaling Pathway. Diabetes 2019; 68:1303-1314. [PMID: 30936144 DOI: 10.2337/db19-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes impairs the mobilization of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) from the bone marrow (BM), which can worsen the outcomes of HSPC transplantation and of diabetic complications. In this study, we examined the oncostatin M (OSM)-p66Shc pathway as a mechanistic link between HSPC mobilopathy and excessive myelopoiesis. We found that streptozotocin-induced diabetes in mice skewed hematopoiesis toward the myeloid lineage via hematopoietic-intrinsic p66Shc. The overexpression of Osm resulting from myelopoiesis prevented HSPC mobilization after granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) stimulation. The intimate link between myelopoiesis and impaired HSPC mobilization after G-CSF stimulation was confirmed in human diabetes. Using cross-transplantation experiments, we found that deletion of p66Shc in the hematopoietic or nonhematopoietic system partially rescued defective HSPC mobilization in diabetes. Additionally, p66Shc mediated the diabetes-induced BM microvasculature remodeling. Ubiquitous or hematopoietic restricted Osm deletion phenocopied p66Shc deletion in preventing diabetes-associated myelopoiesis and mobilopathy. Mechanistically, we discovered that OSM couples myelopoiesis to mobilopathy by inducing Cxcl12 in BM stromal cells via nonmitochondrial p66Shc. Altogether, these data indicate that cell-autonomous activation of the OSM-p66Shc pathway leads to diabetes-associated myelopoiesis, whereas its transcellular hematostromal activation links myelopoiesis to mobilopathy. Targeting the OSM-p66Shc pathway is a novel strategy to disconnect mobilopathy from myelopoiesis and restore normal HSPC mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Albiero
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Serena Tedesco
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lisa Menegazzo
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Marianna D'Anna
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Scattolini
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberta Cappellari
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gaia Zuccolotto
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto (IOV)-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto (IOV)-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Marco Giorgio
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Angelo Avogaro
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Fadini
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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13
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Obesity and the Obesity Paradox in Heart Failure. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 61:151-156. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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14
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Kröpfl JM, Spengler CM, Frobert A, Ajalbert G, Giraud MN. Myocardial infarction does not affect circulating haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell self-renewal ability in a rat model. Exp Physiol 2017; 103:1-8. [PMID: 29094480 DOI: 10.1113/ep086643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Although peripheral blood haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells are potentially important in regeneration after acute myocardial infarction, their self-renewal ability in the post-acute phase has not yet been addressed. What is the main finding and its importance? In rat peripheral blood, we show that myocardial infarction does not negatively affect circulating haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell self-renewal ability 2 weeks after acute infarction, which suggests a constant regenerative potential in the myocardial infarction post-acute phase. Given the importance of peripheral blood haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HPCs) in post-acute regeneration after acute myocardial infarction (MI), the aim of the present study was to investigate the number and secondary replating capacity/self-renewal ability of HPCs in peripheral blood before and 2 weeks after MI. In female Lewis inbred rats (n = 9), MI was induced by ligation of the left coronary artery, and another nine underwent sham surgery, without ligation, for control purposes. Myocardial infarction was confirmed by troponin I concentrations 24 h after surgery. Peripheral blood was withdrawn and fractional shortening and ejection fraction of the left ventricle were assessed before (day 0) and 14 days after MI or sham surgery (day 14). After mononuclear cell isolation, primary and secondary functional colony-forming unit granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) assays were performed in order to detect the kinetics of functional HPC colony counts and cell self-renewal ability in vitro. The CFU-GM counts and cell self-renewal ability remained unchanged (P > 0.05) in both groups at day 14, without interaction between groups. In the intervention group, higher day 0 CFU-GM counts showed a relationship to lower fractional shortening on day 14 (ρ = -0.82; P < 0.01). Myocardial infarction did not negatively affect circulating HPC self-renewal ability, which suggests a constant regenerative potential in the post-acute phase. A relationship of cardiac contractile function 14 days after MI with circulating CFU-GM counts on day 0 might imply functional colony count as a predictive factor for outcome after infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Kröpfl
- Exercise Physiology Lab, Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C M Spengler
- Exercise Physiology Lab, Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Frobert
- Cardiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - G Ajalbert
- Cardiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - M N Giraud
- Cardiology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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15
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Barrett TJ, Murphy AJ, Goldberg IJ, Fisher EA. Diabetes-mediated myelopoiesis and the relationship to cardiovascular risk. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1402:31-42. [PMID: 28926114 PMCID: PMC5659728 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is the greatest risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, which, in turn, is the most prevalent cause of mortality and morbidity in diabetics. These patients have elevations in inflammatory monocytes, a factor consistently reported to drive the development of atherosclerosis. In preclinical models of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, studies have demonstrated that the increased production and activation of monocytes is driven by enhanced myelopoiesis, promoted by factors, including hyperglycemia, impaired cholesterol efflux, and inflammasome activation, that affect the proliferation of bone marrow precursor cells. This suggests that continued mechanistic investigations of the enhanced myelopoiesis and the generation of inflammatory monocytes are timely, from the dual perspectives of understanding more deeply the underlying bases of diabetes pathophysiology and identifying therapeutic targets to reduce cardiovascular risk in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa J. Barrett
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, New York University
School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Andrew J. Murphy
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker Heart and Diabetes
Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne,
Australia
| | - Ira J. Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and
Metabolism, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Edward A. Fisher
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, New York University
School of Medicine, New York, New York
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16
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Letra L, Sena C. Cerebrovascular Disease: Consequences of Obesity-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2017; 19:163-189. [PMID: 28933065 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63260-5_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite the well-known global impact of overweight and obesity in the incidence of cerebrovascular disease, many aspects of this association are still inconsistently defined. In this chapter we aim to present a critical review on the links between obesity and both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and discuss its influence on functional outcomes, survival, and current treatments to acute and chronic stroke. The role of cerebrovascular endothelial function and respective modulation is also described as well as its laboratory and clinical assessment. In this context, the major contributing mechanisms underlying obesity-induced cerebral endothelial function (adipokine secretion, insulin resistance, inflammation, and hypertension) are discussed. A special emphasis is given to the participation of adipokines in the pathophysiology of stroke, namely adiponectin, leptin, resistin, apelin, and visfatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Letra
- Institute of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences-IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. .,Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar do Baixo Vouga, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Sena
- Institute of Physiology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences-IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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