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Laanet PR, Bragina O, Jõul P, Vaher M. Plantago major and Plantago lanceolata Exhibit Antioxidant and Borrelia burgdorferi Inhibiting Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7112. [PMID: 39000214 PMCID: PMC11240987 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Lyme disease, caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato infection, is the most widespread vector-borne illness in the Northern Hemisphere. Unfortunately, using targeted antibiotic therapy is often an ineffective cure. The antibiotic resistance and recurring symptoms of Lyme disease are associated with the formation of biofilm-like aggregates of B. burgdorferi. Plant extracts could provide an effective alternative solution as many of them exhibit antibacterial or biofilm inhibiting activities. This study demonstrates the therapeutic potential of Plantago major and Plantago lanceolata as B. burgdorferi inhibitors. Hydroalcoholic extracts from three different samples of each plant were first characterised based on their total concentrations of polyphenolics, flavonoids, iridoids, and antioxidant capacity. Both plants contained substantial amounts of named phytochemicals and showed considerable antioxidant properties. The major non-volatile constituents were then quantified using HPLC-DAD-MS analyses, and volatile constituents were quantified using HS-SPME-GC-MS. The most prevalent non-volatiles were found to be plantamajoside and acteoside, and the most prevalent volatiles were β-caryophyllene, D-limonene, and α-caryophyllene. The B. burgdorferi inhibiting activity of the extracts was tested on stationary-phase B. burgdorferi culture and its biofilm fraction. All extracts showed antibacterial activity, with the most effective lowering the residual bacterial viability down to 15%. Moreover, the extracts prepared from the leaves of each plant additionally demonstrated biofilm inhibiting properties, reducing its formation by 30%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pille-Riin Laanet
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Olga Bragina
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Piia Jõul
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Merike Vaher
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
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2
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Pourova J, Dias P, Pour M, Bittner Fialová S, Czigle S, Nagy M, Tóth J, Balázs VL, Horváth A, Csikós E, Farkas Á, Horváth G, Mladěnka P. Proposed mechanisms of action of herbal drugs and their biologically active constituents in the treatment of coughs: an overview. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16096. [PMID: 37901462 PMCID: PMC10607228 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Various medicinal plants find their use in cough treatment, based on traditions and long-term experience. Pharmacological principles of their action, however, are much less known. Herbal drugs usually contain a mixture of potentially active compounds, which can manifest diverse effects. Expectorant or antitussive effects, which can be accompanied by others, such as anti-inflammatory or antibacterial, are probably the most important in the treatment of coughs. The aim of this review is to summarize the current state of knowledge of the effects of medicinal plants or their constituents on cough, based on reliable pharmacological studies. First, a comprehensive description of each effect is provided in order to explain the possible mechanism of action in detail. Next, the results related to individual plants and substances are summarized and critically discussed based on pharmacological in vivo and in vitro investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Pourova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Patricia Dias
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Pour
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Silvia Bittner Fialová
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Szilvia Czigle
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Milan Nagy
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Jaroslav Tóth
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | | | - Adrienn Horváth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Eszter Csikós
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Farkas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Györgyi Horváth
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Přemysl Mladěnka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University Prague, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Amer AA, Elgohary R, Ibrahim FM, Taha HS. Anticoagulant effect of Feijoa sellowiana extracts generated by different biotechnological techniques. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15444. [PMID: 37151701 PMCID: PMC10161586 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood clotting has become one of the most dangerous side effects associated with Corona virus, as well as the high level of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. Therefore, it has become necessary to use medicinal plants that are biologically safe and containing anti-clotting compound. Feijoa sellowiana represents a prolific source diverse compounds that may have thrombolytic activity. Therefore, the main research point is the production and scaling up of a target contents that have anticoagulants by using biotechnological techniques; calli production, and bioreactors and assessed their activity through in-vivo study. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium enriched with varying concentrations of benzyl adenine (BA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) was used to cultivate calli and cell suspension cultures from F. sellowiana seeds. Bioreactors were employed to boost active constituent's production. Moreover, the bioreactor physical factors such as effect of controlled or uncontrolled pH medium were investigated. The leaves of the main plant were extracted by ethanol 70% and polar and non-polar extracts were also prepared. The ethanol extract of calli and cells resulting from bioreactors were also prepared. All prepared extracts were subjected to chemical analysis by HPLC, in-vitro antioxidant assays, in-vivo anticoagulant activity and histopathological examination. Calli and cell suspension cultures were produced by using MS medium fortified with 1 mg/L BA+ 0.1 mg/L NAA. It was found that culturing of cell cultures in a bioreactor with uncontrolled pH and aeration at the value of 0.5 L/min gave the maximum and economical fresh and dry weights of the plants. After evaluation of all extracts; it was found that the calli ethanol extract for each plant was the highest value of total phenolic and total flavonoid contents either quantitatively or qualitatively. All extracts of Feijoa had antioxidant activity. The IC50 of the DPPH of Feijoa calli extract was 13.45 μg/mL, it was also confirmed by FRAP and ABTs values. Feijoa calli extract decreased platelet aggregation by suppression of thrombin, extended aPTT, PT, bleeding and clotting times. It was safer than warfarin medication. From these findings the authors can conclude that Feijoa had highly anticoagulant activity and the calli production achieved the goal of the enhancement of the phenolic constituent and thus their activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa A. Amer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
- Corresponding author.
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Faten M. Ibrahim
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, PO Box 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hussein S. Taha
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Biotechnology Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt
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Şen G, Akbulut S, Karaköse M. Ethnopharmacological study of medicinal plants in Kastamonu province (Türkiye). OPEN CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2022-0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
This study is aimed at determining some of the plants traditionally used in the treatment of diseases by the local people living in Kastamonu province center and surrounding villages. A face-to-face questionnaire was applied and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 52 informants, 34 women and 18 men. Identification of 92 plants belonging to 41 families has been confirmed and their medicinal uses have been recorded. The most used families were Rosaceae (13 taxa), Asteraceae (11), and Lamiaceae (11). The most preferred folk recipes of medicinal plants was decoction (55 taxa) and in preparations and applications, the most used were the leaves (45 taxa). According to the International Classification of Primary Care categories, plants were the most used for digestive disorders (37 taxa), respiratory disorders (27 taxa), and urological disorders (24 taxa). The highest use-value was recorded for Urtica dioica (0.519), and highest relative frequency citation was recorded for Tilia rubra subsp. caucasica (0.231). Male genital diseases had the highest informant consensus factor value (0.83). New areas of use were also determined for Pilosella leucopsilon subsp. pilisquama, Galium palustre, and Astragalus nitens. With this study, new information for folkloric medicines is presented and the usage of herbal drugs in the study area are enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Şen
- Department of Forest Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Kastamonu University , Kastamonu , Türkiye
| | - Sefa Akbulut
- Department of Forest Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon , Türkiye
| | - Mustafa Karaköse
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Program, Department of Plant and Animal Production, Espiye Vocational School, Giresun University , Giresun , Türkiye
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Dakowicz A, Dzięcioł-Anikiej Z, Hryniewicz A, Judycka M, Ciołkiewicz M, Moskal-Jasińska D, Kuryliszyn-Moskal A. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Iontophoresis with Perskindol Gel in Patients with Osteoarthritis of the Knee Joints. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148489. [PMID: 35886341 PMCID: PMC9315835 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common causes of pain in the musculoskeletal system leading to disability. The basic principle of the therapy is the simultaneous use of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of galvanic and iontophoresis treatments with Perskindol Active Classic Gel (Perskindol) in patients with OA of the knee joints. Moreover, a comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of the application was performed depending on the selection of the active electrode. Material and Methods: The study included 100 patients with gonarthrosis, treated at the Rehabilitation Clinic of the Białystok University Hospital. Three groups were randomly selected: in group I (n = 33), anodic galvanic treatment was applied, group II (n = 33) received iontophoresis with Perskindol gel from the negative pole (“−” iontophoresis), and group III (n = 34) received iontophoresis with Perskindol gel from the positive pole (“+” iontophoresis). The VAS, the Laitinen questionnaire, the Lequesne Index, the Lysholm questionnaire, and the SF-36v2 health survey were used for the clinical evaluation of the patients. Results: In the group of patients who underwent iontophoresis with the use of Perskindol gel introduced from the positive pole, a statistically significant improvement was shown in all the assessed parameters in comparison to the patients who underwent anodic galvanic treatment. Conclusions: The most favorable effect of iontophoresis was observed in the case of iontophoresis with Perskindol gel introduced from the positive pole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Dakowicz
- Department of Rehabilitation, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Curie-Sklodowska Str. 24 A, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (Z.D.-A.); (A.H.); (M.J.); (M.C.); (A.K.-M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Zofia Dzięcioł-Anikiej
- Department of Rehabilitation, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Curie-Sklodowska Str. 24 A, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (Z.D.-A.); (A.H.); (M.J.); (M.C.); (A.K.-M.)
| | - Anna Hryniewicz
- Department of Rehabilitation, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Curie-Sklodowska Str. 24 A, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (Z.D.-A.); (A.H.); (M.J.); (M.C.); (A.K.-M.)
| | - Małgorzata Judycka
- Department of Rehabilitation, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Curie-Sklodowska Str. 24 A, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (Z.D.-A.); (A.H.); (M.J.); (M.C.); (A.K.-M.)
| | - Mariusz Ciołkiewicz
- Department of Rehabilitation, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Curie-Sklodowska Str. 24 A, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (Z.D.-A.); (A.H.); (M.J.); (M.C.); (A.K.-M.)
| | - Diana Moskal-Jasińska
- Department of Clinical of Phonoaudiology and Speech Therapy, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Anna Kuryliszyn-Moskal
- Department of Rehabilitation, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Curie-Sklodowska Str. 24 A, 15-276 Białystok, Poland; (Z.D.-A.); (A.H.); (M.J.); (M.C.); (A.K.-M.)
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Abstract
The medicinal benefits of P. lanceolata L. have been acknowledged worldwide for hundreds of years. The plant is now distributed worldwide, especially in temperate zones. This review gives an overview of ethnomedicinal use, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, and other potential application of P. lanceolate L. Several effective chemical constituents such as polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, iridoid glycosides, fatty acids, and polysaccharides are found in P. lanceolata L., which contribute to its exerting specific therapeutic effects. Correspondingly, studies have found that P. lanceolata L. has different biological activities, including antioxidant, antibacterial, wound-healing, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and antiulcerogenic activity. The plant also treats various diseases related to the skin, respiratory organs, digestive organs, reproduction, circulation, cancer, pain relief, and infections. The plant has many applications in cosmetics such as lotion and creams; it is also used as an excellent indicator to know the presence and absence of heavy metals and the accumulation in industrial and urban areas. The plant suppresses soil nitrogen mineralization in agriculture due to allelochemicals such as aucubin. The biological activities, medicinal properties, and industrial application of P. lanceolata mainly depend on the activities of the responsible, active chemical constituents. However, this field still needs more study to determine the exact mechanisms and the main bioactive compound activity accountable for these activities. Also, most of the studies have been performed in vitro, so further in vivo studies are recommended for the future.
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Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Plantago lanceolata extract and assessing their antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20754. [PMID: 34675270 PMCID: PMC8531362 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00296-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag. NPs) have shown a biological activity range, synthesized under different environment-friendly approaches. Ag. NPs were synthesized using aqueous crude extract (ACE) isolated from Plantago lanceolata. The ACE and Ag. NPs were characterized and assessed their biological and antioxidant activities. The existence of nanoparticles (NPs) was confirmed by color shift, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and UV-Vis's spectroscopy. The FT-IR analysis indicated the association of biomolecules (phenolic acid and flavonoids) to reduce silver (Ag+) ions. The SEM study demonstrated a sphere-shaped and mean size in the range of 30 ± 4 nm. The EDX spectrum revealed that the Ag. NPs were composed of 54.87% Ag with 20 nm size as identified by SEM and TEM. AFM has ended up being exceptionally useful in deciding morphological elements and the distance across of Ag. NPs in the scope of 23-30 nm. The TEM image showed aggregations of NPs and physical interaction. Ag. NPs formation also confirmed by XPS, DRS and BET studies. Ag. NPs showed efficient activity as compared to ACE, and finally, the bacterial growth was impaired by biogenic NPs. The lethal dose (LD50) of Ag. NPs against Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli were 45.66%, 139.71%, 332.87%, and 45.54%, with IC50 (08.02 ± 0.68), (55.78 ± 1.01), (12.34 ± 1.35) and (11.68 ± 1.42) respectively, suppressing the growth as compared to ACE. The antioxidant capacity, i.e., 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) of Ag. NPs were assayed. ACE and Ag. NPs achieved a peak antioxidant capacity of 62.43 ± 2.4 and 16.85 ± 0.4 μg mL-1, compared to standard (69.60 ± 1.1 at 100 μg mL-1) with IC50 (369.5 ± 13.42 and 159.5 ± 10.52 respectively). Finally, the Ag. NPs synthesized by P. lanceolata extract have an excellent source of bioactive natural products (NP). Outstanding antioxidant, antibacterial activities have been shown by NPs and can be used in various biological techniques in future research.
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Comparative Study Regarding the Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of Pine ( Pinus nigra and P. sylvestris) Bark Extracts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020327. [PMID: 33671773 PMCID: PMC7926301 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The bark resulted after the industrial processing of wood represents a byproduct of the forestry industry, used in many suboptimal ways, being considered a natural waste. Currently, it has been highlighted that the bark of different woody plants may be an important source of several bioactive compounds, with various beneficial biological functions. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the chemical composition and biological activities of two different pine species (Pinus nigra and Pinus sylvestris) bark extracts. Ultrasound (UAE) and microwave (MAE) assisted extractions were performed in order to obtain the extracts. The total polyphenol (TPC) and total tannin (TTC) contents of the extracts were assessed via the Folin–Ciocâlteu method. The volatile and polyphenolic compounds were identified and quantified via a GC/MS analysis and an UPLC-PDA analysis, respectively. The antioxidant activity (AOA) was evaluated using the DPPH and ABTS assays, while the antibacterial activity was assessed using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) protocol. The results showed that the Pinus sylvestris bark extracts obtained by UAE had a higher TPC, TTC and AOA, while the Pinus nigra bark extracts obtained by MAE had higher volatile compounds content (mainly α-pinene and β-pinene). Moreover, the inhibition of the bacterial growth was more efficient in the case of Pinus sylvestris extracts, Gram-positive bacteria being the most affected, while Gram-negative strains presented a relative resistance to the tested extract concentrations. These results may indicate the potential use of the pine bark extracts as antioxidant or antibacterial agents.
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A proprietary herbal extract titred in verbascoside and aucubin suppresses lipopolysaccharide-stimulated expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 in human neutrophils. Cent Eur J Immunol 2021; 45:125-129. [PMID: 33456321 PMCID: PMC7792436 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2020.97899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) initiates several major cellular responses that play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammation, including activation of neutrophils and production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Material and methods Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in natural compounds as promising alternatives to synthetic COX-2 inhibitors. In this study, we sought to investigate the effect of a proprietary herbal extract from Lippia citriodora and Plantago lanceolata, titred in verbascoside (≥ 5%) and aucubin (≥ 2%), against LPS-stimulated expressions of COX-2 in human neutrophils using both reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and a PGE2 immunoassay. Results Our main results indicated that: 1. The proprietary herbal extract titred in verbascoside and aucubin is not significantly cytotoxic as shown by the MTT assay; 2. The extract does not significantly inhibit COX-1, whereas it is able to suppress LPS-elicited COX-2 hyperexpression at the mRNA level in human neutrophils; and 3. The effect of the extract at 5% concentration was comparable to that elicited celecoxib 1%, although, in terms of absolute and relative reduction of COX-2 mRNA expression and production of PGE2 in human neutrophils, the drug significantly outperformed the extract. Conclusions In general, these results suggest that the proprietary herbal extract titred in verbascoside and aucubin is safe and may possess significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects by acting as a specific COX-2 inhibitor. Further studies are required to confirm the clinical efficacy of the extract.
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Silveira D, Prieto-Garcia JM, Boylan F, Estrada O, Fonseca-Bazzo YM, Jamal CM, Magalhães PO, Pereira EO, Tomczyk M, Heinrich M. COVID-19: Is There Evidence for the Use of Herbal Medicines as Adjuvant Symptomatic Therapy? Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:581840. [PMID: 33071794 PMCID: PMC7542597 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.581840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current recommendations for the self-management of SARS-Cov-2 disease (COVID-19) include self-isolation, rest, hydration, and the use of NSAID in case of high fever only. It is expected that many patients will add other symptomatic/adjuvant treatments, such as herbal medicines. AIMS To provide a benefits/risks assessment of selected herbal medicines traditionally indicated for "respiratory diseases" within the current frame of the COVID-19 pandemic as an adjuvant treatment. METHOD The plant selection was primarily based on species listed by the WHO and EMA, but some other herbal remedies were considered due to their widespread use in respiratory conditions. Preclinical and clinical data on their efficacy and safety were collected from authoritative sources. The target population were adults with early and mild flu symptoms without underlying conditions. These were evaluated according to a modified PrOACT-URL method with paracetamol, ibuprofen, and codeine as reference drugs. The benefits/risks balance of the treatments was classified as positive, promising, negative, and unknown. RESULTS A total of 39 herbal medicines were identified as very likely to appeal to the COVID-19 patient. According to our method, the benefits/risks assessment of the herbal medicines was found to be positive in 5 cases (Althaea officinalis, Commiphora molmol, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Hedera helix, and Sambucus nigra), promising in 12 cases (Allium sativum, Andrographis paniculata, Echinacea angustifolia, Echinacea purpurea, Eucalyptus globulus essential oil, Justicia pectoralis, Magnolia officinalis, Mikania glomerata, Pelargonium sidoides, Pimpinella anisum, Salix sp, Zingiber officinale), and unknown for the rest. On the same grounds, only ibuprofen resulted promising, but we could not find compelling evidence to endorse the use of paracetamol and/or codeine. CONCLUSIONS Our work suggests that several herbal medicines have safety margins superior to those of reference drugs and enough levels of evidence to start a clinical discussion about their potential use as adjuvants in the treatment of early/mild common flu in otherwise healthy adults within the context of COVID-19. While these herbal medicines will not cure or prevent the flu, they may both improve general patient well-being and offer them an opportunity to personalize the therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dâmaris Silveira
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Jose Maria Prieto-Garcia
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Fabio Boylan
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Omar Estrada
- Biophysics and Biochemistry Center, Venezuelan Institute of Scientific Research, Caracas, Venezuela
| | | | | | | | - Edson Oliveira Pereira
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Michal Tomczyk
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Michael Heinrich
- Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, School of Pharmacy, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
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Liu T, Yang Q, Cao YJ, Yuan WM, Lei AH, Zhou P, Zhou W, Liu YD, Shi MH, Yang Q, Tang JY, Wang HK, Zhang H, Yu Y, Zhou J. Cyclooxygenase-1 Regulates the Development of Follicular Th Cells via Prostaglandin E 2. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:864-872. [PMID: 31243090 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase (COX)-1, one of the critical enzymes required for the conversion of arachidonic acid to PGs, has been demonstrated to play an important role not only in the cardiovascular system but also in the immune system. COX-1 has been found to regulate early B cell differentiation, germinal center formation, and Ab production of B cells. However, the underlying mechanisms of COX-1-mediated B cell activation remains not fully understood. In this study, we reported that COX-1 is a potential regulator for the development of follicular Th (TFH) cells. COX-1-deficient (COX-1-/- ) mice displayed a significant reduction of TFH cells upon influenza infection or immunization with keyhole limpet hemocyanin, which led to a severe impairment of germinal center responses. We further demonstrated that COX-1-derived PGE2, via binding with its receptors EP2/EP4, represents the underlying mechanism. The administration of EP2/EP4 agonists or PGE2 almost completely rescued the defective TFH cell generation in COX-1-/- mice. Taken together, our observations indicate that COX-1 plays an important role in the development of TFH cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Joint Program in Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510623, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qiong Yang
- Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ying-Jiao Cao
- Joint Program in Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Wei-Ming Yuan
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Ai-Hua Lei
- Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Pan Zhou
- Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Neonatology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Yong-Dong Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mao-Hua Shi
- First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Quan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jin-Yi Tang
- Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; and
| | - Hai-Kun Wang
- Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; and
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Joint Program in Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510623, China; .,Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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12
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A systematic review of the potential uses of pine bark in food industry and health care. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Cabrera-Jaime S, Martínez C, Ferro-García T, Giner-Boya P, Icart-Isern T, Estrada-Masllorens JM, Fernández-Ortega P. Efficacy of Plantago major, chlorhexidine 0.12% and sodium bicarbonate 5% solution in the treatment of oral mucositis in cancer patients with solid tumour: A feasibility randomised triple-blind phase III clinical trial. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2017; 32:40-47. [PMID: 29353631 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oral mucositis is one of the most common adverse effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of Plantago major extract versus chlorhexidine 0.12% versus sodium bicarbonate 5% in the symptomatic treatment of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in solid tumour cancer patients. METHOD Multicentre randomised controlled trial estimated sample of 45 solid tumour patients with grade II-III mucositis. The participants were randomised to one of three treatments, consisting of sodium bicarbonate 5% aqueous solution together with: an additional dose of sodium bicarbonate 5% aqueous solution, Plantago major extract, or chlorhexidine 0.12%. The primary outcomes were severity of mucositis, pain intensity, oral intake capacity and quality of life. The independent variable was treatment group, and confounders included sociodemographic data, neutrophil count, chemotherapy drug and dose received. RESULTS Of the 50 patients enrolled, 68% (n = 34) achieved grade 0 mucositis (none), with those using the double sodium bicarbonate rinse healing in five days on average (95% CI 3.9, 6.5) versus seven days (95% CI 5.3, 9,0) for the chlorhexidine group and seven days (95% CI 5.3, 8.5) for the Plantago major group. The pain experienced by the participants lessened over the 14 days of treatment, but differences in pain intensity between the three groups did not show statistical significance (p = 0.762). CONCLUSIONS Healing time was shorter with the double sodium bicarbonate solution compared to the other two rinses, but the differences were not significant. Our results suggest it may be time to reconsider the use of Plantago major extract in the management of oral mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Cabrera-Jaime
- Nursing Research, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; GRIN Group, IDIBELL, Institute of Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Nursing School, Campus of Health Sciences, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Martínez
- Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Control and Prevention Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Control and Prevention Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Nursing Departament, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Valles, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Tarsila Ferro-García
- GRIN Group, IDIBELL, Institute of Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Nursing School, Campus of Health Sciences, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Director of Nursing, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Giner-Boya
- Pharmacy Departament, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Icart-Isern
- GRIN Group, IDIBELL, Institute of Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Nursing School, Campus of Health Sciences, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan M Estrada-Masllorens
- GRIN Group, IDIBELL, Institute of Biomedical Research, University of Barcelona, Nursing School, Campus of Health Sciences, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paz Fernández-Ortega
- Nursing Research, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Wang Y, Niu Y, Zhao X, Wang B, Jiang Q, Liu J, Sheng Y. Fatty Acid and Phytochemical Compositions of Plantago Seed Oils and Their Functionalities. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-017-3003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Fakhrudin N, Dwi Astuti E, Sulistyawati R, Santosa D, Susandarini R, Nurrochmad A, Wahyuono S. n-Hexane Insoluble Fraction of Plantago lanceolata Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Activity in Mice by Inhibiting Cyclooxygenase-2 and Reducing Chemokines Levels. Sci Pharm 2017; 85:scipharm85010012. [PMID: 28335408 PMCID: PMC5388149 DOI: 10.3390/scipharm85010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is involved in the progression of many disorders, such as tumors, arthritis, gastritis, and atherosclerosis. Thus, the development of new agents targeting inflammation is still challenging. Medicinal plants have been used traditionally to treat various diseases including inflammation. A previous study has indicated that dichloromethane extract of P. lanceolata leaves exerts anti-inflammatory activity in an in vitro model. Here, we examined the in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of a n-hexane insoluble fraction of P. lanceolata leaves dichloromethane extract (HIFPL). We first evaluated its potency to reduce paw edema induced by carrageenan, and the expression of the proinflammatory enzyme, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, in mice. The efficacy of HIFPL to inhibit COX-2 was also evaluated in an in vitro enzymatic assay. We further studied the effect of HIFPL on leukocytes migration in mice induced by thioglycollate. The level of chemokines facilitating the migration of leukocytes was also measured. We found that HIFPL (40, 80, 160 mg/kg) demonstrated anti-inflammatory activities in mice. The HIFPL reduced the volume of paw edema and COX-2 expression. However, HIFPL acts as an unselective COX-2 inhibitor as it inhibited COX-1 with a slightly higher potency. Interestingly, HIFPL strongly inhibited leukocyte migration by reducing the level of chemokines, Interleukine-8 (IL-8) and Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanang Fakhrudin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
- Center for Natural Antiinfective Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
| | - Eny Dwi Astuti
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
| | - Rini Sulistyawati
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
- Akademi Analis Farmasi Al Islam Yogyakarta, Gedongkiwo, Mantrijeron, Yogyakarta 55142, Indonesia.
| | - Djoko Santosa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
- Center for Natural Antiinfective Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
| | - Ratna Susandarini
- Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
| | - Arief Nurrochmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
| | - Subagus Wahyuono
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
- Center for Natural Antiinfective Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
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Ayrle H, Mevissen M, Kaske M, Nathues H, Gruetzner N, Melzig M, Walkenhorst M. Medicinal plants--prophylactic and therapeutic options for gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases in calves and piglets? A systematic review. BMC Vet Res 2016; 12:89. [PMID: 27268043 PMCID: PMC4896019 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0714-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases in calves and piglets lead to significant economic losses in livestock husbandry. A high morbidity has been reported for diarrhea (calves ≤ 35%; piglets ≤ 50%) and for respiratory diseases (calves ≤ 80%; piglets ≤ 40%). Despite a highly diverse etiology and pathophysiology of these diseases, treatment with antimicrobials is often the first-line therapy. Multi-antimicrobial resistance in pathogens results in international accordance to strengthen the research in novel treatment options. Medicinal plants bear a potential as alternative or additional treatment. Based on the versatile effects of their plant specific multi-component-compositions, medicinal plants can potentially act as 'multi-target drugs'. Regarding the plurality of medicinal plants, the aim of this systematic review was to identify potential medicinal plant species for prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases and for modulation of the immune system and inflammation in calves and piglets. RESULTS Based on nine initial sources including standard textbooks and European ethnoveterinary studies, a total of 223 medicinal plant species related to the treatment of gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases was identified. A defined search strategy was established using the PRISMA statement to evaluate 30 medicinal plant species starting from 20'000 peer-reviewed articles published in the last 20 years (1994-2014). This strategy led to 418 references (257 in vitro, 84 in vivo and 77 clinical trials, thereof 48 clinical trials in veterinary medicine) to evaluate effects of medicinal plants and their efficacy in detail. The findings indicate that the most promising candidates for gastrointestinal diseases are Allium sativum L., Mentha x piperita L. and Salvia officinalis L.; for diseases of the respiratory tract Echinacea purpurea (L.) MOENCH, Thymus vulgaris L. and Althea officinalis L. were found most promising, and Echinacea purpurea (L.) MOENCH, Camellia sinensis (L.) KUNTZE, Glycyrrhiza glabra L. and Origanum vulgare L. were identified as best candidates for modulation of the immune system and inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Several medicinal plants bear a potential for novel treatment strategies for young livestock. There is a need for further research focused on gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases in calves and piglets, and the findings of this review provide a basis on plant selection for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Ayrle
- Department of Livestock Sciences, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Ackerstrasse 113, postbox 219, Frick, 5070, Switzerland. .,Division Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Laenggassstrasse 124, Bern, 3012, Switzerland.
| | - Meike Mevissen
- Division Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Laenggassstrasse 124, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Martin Kaske
- Department of Farm Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Heiko Nathues
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Swine Clinic, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Niels Gruetzner
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Swine Clinic, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Melzig
- Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Koenigin-Luise-Strasse 2 + 4, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Michael Walkenhorst
- Department of Livestock Sciences, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Ackerstrasse 113, postbox 219, Frick, 5070, Switzerland
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Laavola M, Nieminen R, Leppänen T, Eckerman C, Holmbom B, Moilanen E. Pinosylvin and monomethylpinosylvin, constituents of an extract from the knot of Pinus sylvestris, reduce inflammatory gene expression and inflammatory responses in vivo. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:3445-53. [PMID: 25763469 DOI: 10.1021/jf504606m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) is known to be rich in phenolic compounds, which may have anti-inflammatory properties. The present study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of a knot extract from P. sylvestris and two stilbenes, pinosylvin and monomethylpinosylvin, isolated from the extract. Inflammation is characterized by increased release of pro-inflammatory and regulatory mediators including nitric oxide (NO) produced by the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) pathway. The knot extract (EC50 values of 3 and 3 μg/mL) as well as two of its constituents, pinosylvin (EC50 values of 13 and 15 μM) and monomethylpinosylvin (EC50 values of 8 and 12 μM), reduced NO production and iNOS expression in activated macrophages. They also inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and MCP-1. More importantly, pinosylvin and monomethylpinosylvin exerted a clear anti-inflammatory effect (80% inhibition at the dose of 100 mg/kg) in the standard in vivo model, carrageenan-induced paw inflammation in the mouse, with the effect being comparable to that of a known iNOS inhibitor L-NIL. The results reveal that the Scots pine stilbenes pinosylvin and monomethylpinosylvin are potential anti-inflammatory compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirka Laavola
- †The Immunopharmacology Research Group, University of Tampere School of Medicine and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
| | - Riina Nieminen
- †The Immunopharmacology Research Group, University of Tampere School of Medicine and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
| | - Tiina Leppänen
- †The Immunopharmacology Research Group, University of Tampere School of Medicine and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
| | - Christer Eckerman
- ‡Process Chemistry Centre, Laboratory of Wood and Paper Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Turku/Åbo FI-20500, Finland
| | - Bjarne Holmbom
- ‡Process Chemistry Centre, Laboratory of Wood and Paper Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Turku/Åbo FI-20500, Finland
| | - Eeva Moilanen
- †The Immunopharmacology Research Group, University of Tampere School of Medicine and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere FI-33014, Finland
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Chamberlain LM, Holt-Casper D, Gonzalez-Juarrero M, Grainger DW. Extended culture of macrophages from different sources and maturation results in a common M2 phenotype. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 103:2864-74. [PMID: 25684281 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory responses to biomaterials heavily influence the environment surrounding implanted devices, often producing foreign-body reactions. The macrophage is a key immunomodulatory cell type consistently associated with implanted biomaterials and routinely used in short-term in vitro cell studies of biomaterials aiming to reproduce host responses. Inconsistencies within these studies, including differently sourced cells, different durations of culture, and assessment of different activation markers, lead to many conflicting results in vitro that confound consistency and conclusions. We hypothesize that different experimentally popular monocyte-macrophage cell types have intrinsic in vitro culture-specific differences that yield conflicting results. Recent studies demonstrate changes in cultured macrophage cytokine expression over time, leading to the hypothesis that changes in macrophage phenotype also occur in response to extended culture. Here, macrophage cells of different transformed and primary-derived origins were cultured for 21 days on model polymer biomaterials. Cell type-based differences in morphology and cytokine/chemokine expression as well as changes in cell surface biomarkers associated with differentiation stage, activation state, and adhesion were compared. Results reflect consistent macrophage development toward an M2 phenotype via up-regulation of the macrophage mannose receptor for all cell types following 21-day extended culture. Significantly, implanted biomaterials experiencing the foreign-body response and encapsulation in vivo often elicit a shift toward an analogous M2 macrophage phenotype. In vitro "default" of macrophage cultures, regardless of lineage, to this M2 state in the presence of biomaterials at long culture periods is not recognized, but has important implications to in vitro modeling of in vivo host response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Chamberlain
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112-5820
| | - Dolly Holt-Casper
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112-5820
| | - Mercedes Gonzalez-Juarrero
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523
| | - David W Grainger
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112-5820.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112-5820
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Zhou Q, Lu W, Niu Y, Liu J, Zhang X, Gao B, Akoh CC, Shi H, Yu LL. Identification and quantification of phytochemical composition and anti-inflammatory, cellular antioxidant, and radical scavenging activities of 12 Plantago species. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:6693-6702. [PMID: 23767948 DOI: 10.1021/jf401191q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-eight seed samples of 12 Plantago species were investigated for their chemical compositions and anti-inflammatory, cellular antioxidant, and radical scavenging properties. A new UPLC-UV procedure was developed and applied to quantify acteoside and geniposidic acid, the characteristic constituents of the genus Plantago. The amounts of acteoside and geniposidic acid ranged from 0.07 to 15.96 mg/g and from 0.05 to 10.04 mg/g in the tested samples, respectively. Furthermore, 26 compounds were tentatively identified by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS analysis. The Plantago samples significantly differed in their phytochemical compositions. The extracts of Plantago seeds also showed inhibitory effects on LPS-induced IL-1β, IL-6, and COX-2 mRNA expression in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells. Additionally, significant variations were observed among different samples on cellular antioxidant activities in HepG2 cells, as well as DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacities. The results from this study may be used to promote the use of the genus Plantago in improving human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhou
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China
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Karimian P, Kavoosi G, Amirghofran Z. Anti-inflammatory effect ofMentha longifoliain lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages: Reduction of nitric oxide production through inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase. J Immunotoxicol 2013; 10:393-400. [DOI: 10.3109/1547691x.2012.758679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Inhibitory effects of Zataria multiflora essential oil and its main components on nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide production in glucose-stimulated human monocyte. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:3079-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Revised: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Kavoosi G, Teixeira da Silva JA, Saharkhiz MJ. Inhibitory effects of Zataria multiflora essential oil and its main components on nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 64:1491-500. [PMID: 22943180 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2012.01510.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Zataria multiflora is an aromatic plant that is used in flavouring and preserving foods and also used as an antispasmodic, anaesthetic and antinociceptive agent. In this study, the effects of Z. multiflora essential oil on nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2) O(2) ) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages was investigated. METHODS Z. multiflora essential oil was extracted by water-distillation, analysed by GC-MS and then the effect of the essential oil on NO and H(2) O(2) production was investigated. KEY FINDINGS Carvacrol (52%), thymol (16%) and p-cymene (10%) were the main components of the oil. The IC50 (concentration providing 50% inhibition) for reactive oxygen scavenging was estimated to be 5.7, 3 and 4.2 µg/ml for the essential oil, thymol and carvacrol, respectively, while the corresponding IC50 values for reactive nitrogen scavenging were estimated to be 8.6, 4.7 and 6.6 µg/ml. Z. multiflora essential oil, thymol, and carvacrol significantly reduced NO and H(2) O(2) production as well as NO synthase and NADH oxidase activity in LPS-stimulated murine macrophages while p-cymene did not show any antioxidant activity. CONCLUSIONS Z. multiflora essential oil has the potential to be used in the therapy of oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Kavoosi
- Institute of Biotechnology Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
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Oloumi MM, Vosough D, Derakhshanfar A, Nematollahi MH. The Healing Potential of Plantago lanceolata Ointment on Collagenase-Induced Tendinitis in Burros (Equus asinus). J Equine Vet Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2011.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Beara IN, Orcić DZ, Lesjak MM, Mimica-Dukić NM, Peković BA, Popović MR. Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry study of anti-inflammatory activity of plantain (Plantago L.) species. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 52:701-6. [PMID: 20219312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2009] [Revised: 02/09/2010] [Accepted: 02/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate anti-inflammatory activity of selected Plantago species (P. lanceolata L. and P. major L.) an optimized in vitro test for determination of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) inhibition potency was undertaken. By using intact cell system (platelets) as a source of COX-1 and 12-LOX enzymes and highly sensitive and specific LC-MS/MS technique for detection of main arachidonic acid metabolites formed by COX-1 and 12-LOX, this test provides efficient method for evaluation of anti-inflammatory potential of plant extracts and isolated compounds. Our results validated the well-known COX-1 inhibitory activity of P. lanceolata and P. major methanol extracts (concentration required for 50% inhibition (IC(50)) was 2.00 and 0.65 mg/ml, respectively). Furthermore, 12-LOX inhibitory activity of examined extracts was reported for the first time (IC(50)=0.75 and 1.73 mg/ml for P. lanceolata and P. major, respectively). Although renowned inhibitors, such as acetylsalicylic acid and quercetin showed higher activity, this study verifies P. lanceolata and P. major as considerable anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana N Beara
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, Novi Sad, Serbia.
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Chamberlain LM, Godek ML, Gonzalez-Juarrero M, Grainger DW. Phenotypic non-equivalence of murine (monocyte-) macrophage cells in biomaterial and inflammatory models. J Biomed Mater Res A 2009; 88:858-71. [PMID: 18357567 PMCID: PMC10031642 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cells of the mononuclear phagocytic system including monocytes and macrophages (e.g., pooled human monocytes, bone marrow-derived macrophages, etc.) are often employed for in vitro assessment of novel biomaterials and to assay anti-inflammatory drug activity. In this context, numerous macrophage cells are treated interchangeably in the literature despite a lack of demonstrated equivalence among immortalized cell lines and further, between cell lines and primary-derived macrophages of different species. Three murine (monocyte-) macrophage cell lines (IC-21, J774A.1, and RAW 264.7), commonly utilizedin biomaterial and pharmaceutical screening research, have been compared with primary-derived murine bone marrow macrophages. Significant differences were discovered in the expression of cell surface proteins requisite for cell adhesion and activation among cell lines and primary-derived cells as well as between the different cell lines. Results demonstrate activation but with reduced cytokine expression to chemical stimulus (lipopolysaccharide) by cell lines compared with that of primary-derived macrophages. Limited correlation between cultured primary and immortalized cells in cytokine production, phenotype and intrinsic activation states has relevance to fidelity for in vitro testing. These differences warrant justification for selection of various cell lines for specific assay purposes, and merit caution if comparisons to primary cell types (i.e., for biocompatibility) are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Chamberlain
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
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Adams M, Berset C, Kessler M, Hamburger M. Medicinal herbs for the treatment of rheumatic disorders--a survey of European herbals from the 16th and 17th century. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 121:343-359. [PMID: 19063957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2008] [Revised: 11/07/2008] [Accepted: 11/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE From the 16th up into the 18th century botanical and medicinal knowledge in Europe was documented and spread in magnificently illustrated herbals. For the most part modern science has neglected this source of knowledge and old remedies have not been systematically evaluated pharmacologically. AIM OF THE STUDY Rheumatic disorders and chronic inflammatory and degenerative diseases of the musculoskeletal system were chosen in an attempt to discuss remedies described in the old herbals in the viewpoint of modern science. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five of the most important European herbals of the 16th and 17th century were searched for terms related to rheumatic diseases, and plants and recipes described for their treatment. An extensive search of the scientific data banks Medline and SciFinder scholar was done to find recent results concerning the phytochemistry and possible antiphlogistic activities of the plants. RESULTS Sixty-three plants were identified in the herbals for this indication. More than half of them have shown in vitro or in vivo antiphlogistic activities. CONCLUSIONS European herbals may be a valuable source of information for the selection of plants for focussed screening programmes. Information contained in these herbals should be explored in a systematic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Adams
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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