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Nicklin EF, Cohen KE, Cooper RL, Mitchell G, Fraser GJ. Evolution, development, and regeneration of tooth-like epithelial appendages in sharks. Dev Biol 2024; 516:221-236. [PMID: 39154741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Sharks and their relatives are typically covered in highly specialized epithelial appendages embedded in the skin called dermal denticles; ancient tooth-like units (odontodes) composed of dentine and enamel-like tissues. These 'skin teeth' are remarkably similar to oral teeth of vertebrates and share comparable morphological and genetic signatures. Here we review the histological and morphological data from embryonic sharks to uncover characters that unite all tooth-like elements (odontodes), including teeth and skin denticles in sharks. In addition, we review the differences between the skin and oral odontodes that reflect their varied capacity for renewal. Our observations have begun to decipher the developmental and genetic shifts that separate these seemingly similar dental units, including elements of the regenerative nature in both oral teeth and the emerging skin denticles from the small-spotted catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula) and other chondrichthyan models. Ultimately, we ask what defines a tooth at both the molecular and morphological level. These insights aim to help us understand how nature makes, replaces and evolves a vast array of odontodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella F Nicklin
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Karly E Cohen
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA; Department of Biology, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, USA
| | - Rory L Cooper
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gianna Mitchell
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Gareth J Fraser
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
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2
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Calsa B, Menezes LDS, Neves JG, Gontijo JAR, Santamaria-Jr M, Boer PA. Mandible development under gestational protein restriction: cellular and molecular mechanisms. J Mol Histol 2024; 55:937-953. [PMID: 39105943 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-024-10242-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Insufficient evidence regarding how maternal undernutrition affects craniofacial bone development persists. With its unique focus on the impact of gestational protein restriction on calvaria and mandible osteogenesis, this study aims to fill, at least in part, this gap. Female mice were mated and randomized into NP (normal protein) or LP (low protein) groups. On the 18th gestational day (GD), male embryos were collected and submitted to microtomography (µCT), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), PCR, and autophagy dynamic analyses. The study shows that the LP offspring exhibited lower body mass than the NP group, with µCT analysis revealing no volumetric differences in fetus's head. EDS analysis showed lower calcium and higher phosphorus percentages in mandibles and calvaria. SEM assessment evidenced higher hydroxyapatite crystal-like (HC) deposition on the calvaria surface in LP fetus. Conversely, lower HC deposition was observed on the mandible surface, suggesting delayed matrix mineralization in LP fetuses with a higher percentage of collagen fibers in the mandible bone. The autophagy process was reduced in the mesenchyme of LP fetuses. PCR array analysis of 84 genes revealed 27 genes with differential expression in the LP progeny-moreover, increased mRNA levels of Akt1, Mtor, Nfkb, and Smad1 in the LP offspring. In conclusion, the results suggest that gestational protein restriction anticipated bone differentiation in utero, before 18GD, where this process is reduced compared to the control, leading to the reduction in bone area at 15 postnatal day previously observed. These findings provide insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms of mandible development and suggest potential implications for the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Calsa
- Fetal Programming and Hydroelectrolyte Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, FCM, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luan Dos Santos Menezes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - José Guilherme Neves
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - José Antônio Rocha Gontijo
- Fetal Programming and Hydroelectrolyte Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, FCM, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Milton Santamaria-Jr
- Department of Social and Pediatric Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, College of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, São Jose dos Campos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Aline Boer
- Fetal Programming and Hydroelectrolyte Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, FCM, Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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3
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Uptegrove A, Chen C, Sahagun-Bisson M, Kulkarni AK, Louie KW, Ueharu H, Mishina Y, Omi-Sugihara M. Influence of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling and masticatory load on morphological alterations of the mouse mandible during postnatal development. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 169:106096. [PMID: 39341045 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bone homeostasis relies on several contributing factors, encompassing growth factors and mechanical stimuli. While bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is acknowledged for its essential role in skeletal development, its specific impact on mandibular morphogenesis remains unexplored. Here, we investigated the involvement of BMP signaling and mechanical loading through mastication in postnatal mandibular morphogenesis. DESIGN We employed conditional deletion of Bmpr1a in osteoblasts and chondrocytes via Osterix-Cre. Cre activity was induced at birth for the 3-week group and at three weeks for the 9-week and 12-week groups, respectively. The conditional knockout (cKO) and control mice were given either a regular diet (hard diet, HD) or a powdered diet (soft diet, SD) from 3 weeks until sample collection, followed by micro-CT and histological analysis. RESULTS The cKO mice exhibited shorter anterior lengths and a posteriorly inclined ramus across all age groups compared to the control mice. The cKO mice displayed an enlarged hypertrophic cartilage area along with fewer osteoclast numbers in the subchondral bone of the condyle compared to the control group at three weeks, followed by a reduction in the cartilage area in the posterior region at twelve weeks. Superimposed imaging and histomorphometrical analysis of the condyle revealed that BMP signaling primarily affects the posterior part of the condyle, while mastication affects the anterior part. CONCLUSIONS Using 3D landmark-based geometric morphometrics and histological assessments of the mandible, we demonstrated that BMP signaling and mechanical loading reciprocally contribute to the morphological alterations of the mandible and condyle during postnatal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Uptegrove
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Coral Chen
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Madison Sahagun-Bisson
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Anshul K Kulkarni
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Ke'ale W Louie
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Hiroki Ueharu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Yuji Mishina
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, USA.
| | - Maiko Omi-Sugihara
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, USA; Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
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4
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Kanai SM, Garcia CR, Augustus MR, Sharafeldeen SA, Brooks EP, Sucharov J, Lencer ES, Nichols JT, Clouthier DE. The Gq/11 family of Gα subunits is necessary and sufficient for lower jaw development. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.17.611698. [PMID: 39345358 PMCID: PMC11430119 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.17.611698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Vertebrate jaw development is coordinated by highly conserved ligand-receptor systems such as the peptide ligand Endothelin 1 (Edn1) and Endothelin receptor type A (Ednra), which are required for patterning of lower jaw structures. The Edn1/Ednra signaling pathway establishes the identity of lower jaw progenitor cells by regulating expression of numerous patterning genes, but the intracellular signaling mechanisms linking receptor activation to gene regulation remain poorly understood. As a first step towards elucidating this mechanism, we examined the function of the Gq/11 family of Gα subunits in zebrafish using pharmacological inhibition and genetic ablation of Gq/11 activity and transgenic induction of a constitutively active Gq protein in edn1 -/- embryos. Genetic loss of Gq/11 activity fully recapitulated the edn1 -/- phenotype, with genes encoding G11 being most essential. Furthermore, inducing Gq activity in edn1 -/- embryos not only restored Edn1/Ednra-dependent jaw structures and gene expression signatures but also caused homeosis of the upper jaw structure into a lower jaw-like structure. These results indicate that Gq/11 is necessary and sufficient to mediate the lower jaw patterning mechanism for Ednra in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley M. Kanai
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Chloe R. Garcia
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - MaCalia R. Augustus
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Shujan A. Sharafeldeen
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Elliott P. Brooks
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Juliana Sucharov
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Ezra S. Lencer
- Department of Biology, Lafayette College, Easton, PA USA
| | - James T. Nichols
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - David E. Clouthier
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
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LaCombe JM, Sloan K, Thomas JR, Blackwell MP, Crawford I, Bishop F, Wallace JM, Roper RJ. Sex-specific trisomic Dyrk1a-related skeletal phenotypes during development in a Down syndrome model. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050914. [PMID: 39136051 PMCID: PMC11449447 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal insufficiency affects all individuals with Down syndrome (DS) or trisomy 21 and may alter bone strength throughout development due to a reduced period of bone formation and early attainment of peak bone mass compared to those in typically developing individuals. Appendicular skeletal deficits also appear in males before females with DS. In femurs of male Ts65Dn DS model mice, cortical deficits were pronounced throughout development, but trabecular deficits and Dyrk1a overexpression were transitory until postnatal day (P) 30, when there were persistent trabecular and cortical deficits and Dyrk1a was trending toward overexpression. Correction of DS-related skeletal deficits by a purported DYRK1A inhibitor or through genetic means beginning at P21 was not effective at P30, but germline normalization of Dyrk1a improved male bone structure by P36. Trabecular and cortical deficits in female Ts65Dn mice were evident at P30 but subsided by P36, typifying periodic developmental skeletal normalizations that progressed to more prominent bone deficiencies. Sex-dependent differences in skeletal deficits with a delayed impact of trisomic Dyrk1a are important to find temporally specific treatment periods for bone and other phenotypes associated with trisomy 21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M LaCombe
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Labcorp Early Development Laboratories, Inc., Greenfield, IN 46140, USA
| | - Kourtney Sloan
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jared R Thomas
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Matthew P Blackwell
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Isabella Crawford
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Flannery Bishop
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Joseph M Wallace
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Randall J Roper
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Yu W, Kastriti ME, Ishan M, Choudhary SK, Rashid MM, Kramer N, Do HGT, Wang Z, Xu T, Schwabe RF, Ye K, Adameyko I, Liu HX. The duct of von Ebner's glands is a source of Sox10 + taste bud progenitors and susceptible to pathogen infections. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1460669. [PMID: 39247625 PMCID: PMC11377339 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1460669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction We have recently demonstrated that Sox10-expressing (Sox10 +) cells give rise to mainly type-III neuronal taste bud cells that are responsible for sour and salt taste. The two tissue compartments containing Sox10 + cells in the surrounding of taste buds include the connective tissue core of taste papillae and von Ebner's glands (vEGs) that are connected to the trench of circumvallate and foliate papillae. Methods In this study, we performed single cell RNA-sequencing of the epithelium of Sox10-Cre/tdT mouse circumvallate/vEG complex and used inducible Cre mouse models to map the cell lineages of vEGs and/or connective tissue (including stromal and Schwann cells). Results Transcriptomic analysis indicated that Sox10 expression was enriched in the cell clusters of vEG ducts that contained abundant proliferating cells, while Sox10-Cre/tdT expression was enriched in type-III taste bud cells and vEG ductal cells. In vivo lineage mapping showed that the traced cells were distributed in circumvallate taste buds concurrently with those in the vEGs, but not in the connective tissue. Moreover, multiple genes encoding pathogen receptors were enriched in the vEG ducts hosting Sox10 + cells. Discussion Our data supports that it is the vEGs, not connective tissue core, that serve as the niche of Sox10 + taste bud progenitors. If this is also true in humans, our data indicates that vEG duct is a source of Sox10 + taste bud progenitors and susceptible to pathogen infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Yu
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Regenerative Bioscience Center, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | | | - Mohamed Ishan
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Regenerative Bioscience Center, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | | | - Md Mamunur Rashid
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Regenerative Bioscience Center, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Naomi Kramer
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Regenerative Bioscience Center, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Hy Gia Truong Do
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Zhonghou Wang
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Regenerative Bioscience Center, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Regenerative Bioscience Center, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Robert F Schwabe
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kaixiong Ye
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Igor Adameyko
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Hong-Xiang Liu
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Regenerative Bioscience Center, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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7
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Xu Y, Sun B, Wang H, Cai Y, Chu D, Cao R, Wang Z. Autophagy regulates age-related delayed jawbone regeneration and decreased osteoblast osteogenesis by degrading FABP3. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23824. [PMID: 39012304 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400549rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
The regenerative ability of limb bones after injury decreases during aging, but whether a similar phenomenon occurs in jawbones and whether autophagy plays a role in this process remain unclear. Through retrospective analysis of clinical data and studies on a mouse model of jawbone defects, we confirmed the presence of delayed or impaired bone regeneration in the jawbones of old individuals and mice. Subsequently, osteoblasts (OBs) derived from mouse jawbones were isolated, showing reduced osteogenesis in senescent osteoblasts (S-OBs). We observed a reduction in autophagy within both aged jawbones and S-OBs. Additionally, pharmacological inhibition of autophagy in normal OBs (N-OBs) led to cell aging and decreased osteogenesis, while autophagic activation reversed the aging phenotype of S-OBs. The activator rapamycin (RAPA) increased the autophagy level and bone regeneration in aged jawbones. Finally, we found that fatty acid-binding protein 3 (FABP3) was degraded by autolysosomes through its interaction with sequestosome 1 (P62/SQSTM1). Autophagy inhibition within senescent jawbones and S-OBs led to the excessive accumulation of FABP3, and FABP3 knockdown partially rescued the decreased osteogenesis in S-OBs and alleviated age-related compromised jawbone regeneration. In summary, we confirmed that autophagy inhibition plays an important role in delaying bone regeneration in aging jawbones. Autophagic activation or FABP3 knockdown can partially rescue the osteogenesis of S-OBs and the regeneration of aging jawbones, providing insight into jawbone aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Xu
- Department of Implantology & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Implantology & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Haicheng Wang
- Department of Implantology & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyi Cai
- Department of Stomatology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Danna Chu
- Department of Implantology & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongkai Cao
- Department of Implantology & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuolin Wang
- Department of Implantology & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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8
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Pi HJ, Huang B, Yuan Q, Jing JJ. Neural regulation of mesenchymal stem cells in craniofacial bone: development, homeostasis and repair. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1423539. [PMID: 39135707 PMCID: PMC11318092 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1423539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells endow various functions, including proliferation, multipotency, migration, etc. Craniofacial bones originate from the cranial neural crest and are developed mainly through intramembranous ossification, which are different from long bones. There are varied mesenchymal stem cells existing in the craniofacial bone, including Gli1 + cells, Axin2 + cells, Prx1 + cells, etc. Nerves distributed in craniofacial area are also derived from the neural crest, and the trigeminal nerve is the major sensory nerve in craniofacial area. The nerves and the skeleton are tightly linked spatially, and the skeleton is broadly innervated by sensory and sympathetic nerves, which also participate in bone development, homeostasis and healing process. In this review, we summarize mesenchymal stem cells located in craniofacial bone or, to be more specific, in jaws, temporomandibular joint and cranial sutures. Then we discuss the research advance concerning neural regulation of mesenchymal stem cells in craniofacial bone, mainly focused on development, homeostasis and repair. Discovery of neural regulation of mesenchymal stem cells may assist in treatment in the craniofacial bone diseases or injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Quan Yuan
- *Correspondence: Quan Yuan, ; Jun-Jun Jing,
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9
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Li J, Sun J, Xu M, Yang L, Yang N, Deng J, Ma Y, Qi Y, Liu Z, Ruan Q, Liu Y, Huang Y. Human cytomegalovirus infection impairs neural differentiation via repressing sterol regulatory element binding protein 2-mediated cholesterol biosynthesis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:289. [PMID: 38970696 PMCID: PMC11335213 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05278-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Congenital human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is a major cause of abnormalities and disorders in the central nervous system (CNS) and/or the peripheral nervous system (PNS). However, the complete pathogenesis of neural differentiation disorders caused by HCMV infection remains to be fully elucidated. Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) are mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with a high proliferation and neurogenic differentiation capacity. Since SHEDs originate from the neural crest of the early embryonic ectoderm, SHEDs were hypothesized to serve as a promising cell line for investigating the pathogenesis of neural differentiation disorders in the PNS caused by congenital HCMV infection. In this work, SHEDs were demonstrated to be fully permissive to HCMV infection and the virus was able to complete its life cycle in SHEDs. Under neurogenic inductive conditions, HCMV infection of SHEDs caused an abnormal neural morphology. The expression of stem/neural cell markers was also disturbed by HCMV infection. The impairment of neural differentiation was mainly due to a reduction of intracellular cholesterol levels caused by HCMV infection. Sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 (SREBP2) is a critical transcription regulator that guides cholesterol synthesis. HCMV infection was shown to hinder the migration of SREBP2 into nucleus and resulted in perinuclear aggregations of SREBP2 during neural differentiation. Our findings provide new insights into the prevention and treatment of nervous system diseases caused by congenital HCMV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Li
- Virology Laboratory, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingxuan Sun
- Virology Laboratory, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Mingyi Xu
- Virology Laboratory, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingui Deng
- Virology Laboratory, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Microorganism Laboratory, Shenyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanping Ma
- Virology Laboratory, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Qi
- Virology Laboratory, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhongyang Liu
- Virology Laboratory, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qiang Ruan
- Virology Laboratory, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yujing Huang
- Virology Laboratory, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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10
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Rojas-Torres J, Quijón MEG, Henríquez-Vidal A, Devia-Rubio L, Martínez-Duran L. Permanent and decidua dentition as chronological biomarkers of heavy metal contamination: A review of the forensic literature. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 84:127435. [PMID: 38547726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Contamination with heavy metals (HM) has great environmental consequences in the environment due to lack of biodegradation, in addition, accumulation in living beings causes defects in tissues and organs, deteriorating their function and inducing a wide spectrum of diseases. Human biomonitoring consists of the periodic measurement of a certain chemical substance or metabolite in a particular population, using matrices that can be acute or chronic. Teeth are chronic matrices that have great characteristics of resistance and chronological storage of information. This review aims to identify the mechanisms, spatial location, and affinity of HM within teeth, along with understanding its applicability as a chronological record matrix in the face of HM contamination. MATERIAL AND METHODS A systematic search review was performed using the PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus metasearch engines, and the terms "teeth" OR "dental" OR "tooth" AND "heavy metals" were intersected. Complete articles are included in Spanish, English and Portuguese without time restrictions, involving studies in humans or in vitro; Letters to the editor, editorials and those that did not refer to information on the incorporation and relationship of HM with the teeth were excluded. RESULTS 837 published articles were detected, 91 were adjusted to the search objective, and 6 were manually included. Teeth are structures with a great capacity for information retention in the face of HM contamination due to low physiological turnover and their long processes of marked formations by developmental biorhythm milestones such as the neonatal line (temporal reference indicator). The contamination mechanisms inside the tooth are linked to the affinity of hydroxyapatite for HM; this incorporation can be in the soft matrix during the apposition phase or as part of the chemical exchanges between hydroxyapatite and the elements of the environment. CONCLUSION The teeth present unique characteristics of great resistance and affinity for HM, as well as a chronological biomarker for human biomonitoring, so they can be used as means of expertise or evidence to confirm or rule out a fact of environmental characteristics in the legal field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Rojas-Torres
- Forensic Dentistry Lab, Centro de Investigación en Odontología Legal y Forense -CIO-, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias mención Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile.
| | - María Eugenia González Quijón
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad de La Frontera, Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4780000, Chile; Center of Waste Management and Bioenergy-BIOREN, University of La Frontera, Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Andrés Henríquez-Vidal
- Forensic Dentistry Lab, Centro de Investigación en Odontología Legal y Forense -CIO-, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Leslie Devia-Rubio
- Forensic Dentistry Lab, Centro de Investigación en Odontología Legal y Forense -CIO-, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Luis Martínez-Duran
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias mención Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular y Química medicinal, departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile; Receptomics and Brain Disorders Lab, Department of Human Physiology, Sport and Exercise, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Edificio Lopez-Penalver, Jimenez Fraud 10, Málaga 29071, Spain
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11
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Knyazeva A, Dyachuk V. Neural crest and sons: role of neural crest cells and Schwann cell precursors in development and gland embryogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1406199. [PMID: 38989061 PMCID: PMC11233730 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1406199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In this review, we consider the multipotency of neural crest cells (NCCs), Schwann cell precursors (SCPs), and their role in embryogenesis base on genetic tracing and knock out model animals and single cell transcriptomic analysis. In particular, we summarize and analyze data on the contribution of NCCs and SCPs to the gland development and functions.
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12
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Zhao R, Moore EL, Gogol MM, Unruh JR, Yu Z, Scott AR, Wang Y, Rajendran NK, Trainor PA. Identification and characterization of intermediate states in mammalian neural crest cell epithelial to mesenchymal transition and delamination. eLife 2024; 13:RP92844. [PMID: 38873887 PMCID: PMC11178358 DOI: 10.7554/elife.92844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular process that converts epithelial cells to mesenchymal cells with migratory potential in developmental and pathological processes. Although originally considered a binary event, EMT in cancer progression involves intermediate states between a fully epithelial and a fully mesenchymal phenotype, which are characterized by distinct combinations of epithelial and mesenchymal markers. This phenomenon has been termed epithelial to mesenchymal plasticity (EMP), however, the intermediate states remain poorly described and it's unclear whether they exist during developmental EMT. Neural crest cells (NCC) are an embryonic progenitor cell population that gives rise to numerous cell types and tissues in vertebrates, and their formation and delamination is a classic example of developmental EMT. However, whether intermediate states also exist during NCC EMT and delamination remains unknown. Through single-cell RNA sequencing of mouse embryos, we identified intermediate NCC states based on their transcriptional signature and then spatially defined their locations in situ in the dorsolateral neuroepithelium. Our results illustrate the importance of cell cycle regulation and functional role for the intermediate stage marker Dlc1 in facilitating mammalian cranial NCC delamination and may provide new insights into mechanisms regulating pathological EMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Zhao
- Stowers Institute for Medical ResearchKansas CityUnited States
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityUnited States
| | - Emma L Moore
- Stowers Institute for Medical ResearchKansas CityUnited States
| | | | - Jay R Unruh
- Stowers Institute for Medical ResearchKansas CityUnited States
| | - Zulin Yu
- Stowers Institute for Medical ResearchKansas CityUnited States
| | - Allison R Scott
- Stowers Institute for Medical ResearchKansas CityUnited States
| | - Yan Wang
- Stowers Institute for Medical ResearchKansas CityUnited States
| | | | - Paul A Trainor
- Stowers Institute for Medical ResearchKansas CityUnited States
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityUnited States
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13
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Parslow VR, Elmore SA, Cochran RZ, Bolon B, Mahler B, Sabio D, Lubeck BA. Histology Atlas of the Developing Mouse Respiratory System From Prenatal Day 9.0 Through Postnatal Day 30. Toxicol Pathol 2024; 52:153-227. [PMID: 39096105 DOI: 10.1177/01926233241252114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Respiratory diseases are one of the leading causes of death and disability around the world. Mice are commonly used as models of human respiratory disease. Phenotypic analysis of mice with spontaneous, congenital, inherited, or treatment-related respiratory tract abnormalities requires investigators to discriminate normal anatomic features of the respiratory system from those that have been altered by disease. Many publications describe individual aspects of normal respiratory tract development, primarily focusing on morphogenesis of the trachea and lung. However, a single reference providing detailed low- and high-magnification, high-resolution images of routine hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained sections depicting all major structures of the entire developing murine respiratory system does not exist. The purpose of this atlas is to correct this deficiency by establishing one concise reference of high-resolution color photomicrographs from whole-slide scans of H&E-stained tissue sections. The atlas has detailed descriptions and well-annotated images of the developing mouse upper and lower respiratory tracts emphasizing embryonic days (E) 9.0 to 18.5 and major early postnatal events. The selected images illustrate the main structures and events at key developmental stages and thus should help investigators both confirm the chronological age of mouse embryos and distinguish normal morphology as well as structural (cellular and organ) abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susan A Elmore
- Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robert Z Cochran
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Beth Mahler
- Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - David Sabio
- Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Beth A Lubeck
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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14
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Zhao Y, Chen S, Liu X, Chen X, Yang D, Zhang J, Wu D, Zhang Y, Xie S, Li X, Wang Z, Feng B, Qin D, Pei D, Wang Y, Cai J. Single-cell RNA-seq of in vitro expanded cells from cranial neural crest reveals a rare odontogenic sub-population. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13598. [PMID: 38196265 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Ecto-mesenchymal cells of mammalian tooth germ develops from cranial neural crest cells. These cells are recognised as a promising source for tooth development and regeneration. Despite the high heterogeneity of the neural crest, the cellular landscape of in vitro cultured cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs) for odontogenesis remains unclear. In this study, we used large-scale single-cell RNA sequencing to analyse the cellular landscape of in vitro cultured mouse CNCCs for odontogenesis. We revealed distinct cell trajectories from primary cells to passage 5 and identified a rare Alx3+/Barx1+ sub-population in primary CNCCs that differentiated into two odontogenic clusters characterised by the up-regulation of Pax9/Bmp3 and Lhx6/Dmp1. We successfully induced whole tooth-like structures containing enamel, dentin, and pulp under the mouse renal capsule using in vitro cultured cells from both cranial and trunk neural crests with induction rates of 26.7% and 22.1%, respectively. Importantly, we confirmed only cells sorted from odontogenic path can induce tooth-like structures. Cell cycle and DNA replication genes were concomitantly upregulated in the cultured NCCs of the tooth induction groups. Our data provide valuable insights into the cell heterogeneity of in vitro cultured CNCCs and their potential as a source for tooth regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhao
- Innovation Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shubin Chen
- Innovation Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Ganzhou Hospital, Ganzhou Municipal Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Dandan Yang
- Experimental Center of Pathogenobiology Immunology, Cytobiology and Genetics, Basic Medical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiashu Zhang
- Innovation Centre for Translational Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Di Wu
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanmei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si Xie
- Innovation Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- Innovation Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyuan Wang
- Innovation Centre for Translational Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Feng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dajiang Qin
- Innovation Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Duanqing Pei
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Laboratory of Cell Fate Control, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaofeng Wang
- Innovation Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jinglei Cai
- Innovation Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Abdominal Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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15
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Taguchi M, Yoshimoto S, Suyama K, Sumi S, Ohki S, Ogata K, Fujimoto R, Murata D, Nakayama K, Oka K. Creating 3D constructs with cranial neural crest-derived cell lines using a bio-3D printer. J Oral Biosci 2024; 66:339-348. [PMID: 38750954 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The development of bio-three-dimensional (bio-3D) printers has led to significant advances in regenerative medicine. Three-dimensional constructs, including spheroids, are maintained by extracellular matrix proteins secreted by cells so that the cells can be cultured in conditions closer to the physiological environment. This study aimed to create a useful 3D construct as a model of the dentin-pulp complex. METHODS We examined the expression patterns of extracellular matrix proteins and cell proliferation areas in a 3D construct created using O9-1 cells derived from cranial neural crest cells of mice. The 3D construct was created by sticking the spheroid cultures onto a needle array using a bio-3D printer. RESULTS Cell proliferation areas along with characteristic expression of tenascin C and DMP1 were evaluated. The expression of tenascin C and DMP1 was significantly enhanced in the spheroids compared to that in two-dimensional cultures. Moreover, cell proliferation regions and tenascin C expression were confirmed in the outer layer of spheroids in the embryonic stem cell medium, with insignificant DMP1 expression being observed. Interestingly, in a 3D construct cultured in calcification-induction medium, DMP1 expression was promoted, and DMP1-positive cells existed in the outermost layer without overlapping with tenascin C expression. CONCLUSIONS The extracellular matrix proteins, tenascin C and DMP1, were expressed in a polarized manner in spheroids and 3D constructs, similar to the findings in the dental papilla. Therefore, these 3D constructs show potential as artificial models for studying odontogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahide Taguchi
- Section of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Growth and Development, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Shohei Yoshimoto
- Section of Pathology, Department of Morphological Biology, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan; Oral Medicine Research Center, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Kanako Suyama
- Section of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Growth and Development, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Satoko Sumi
- Section of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Growth and Development, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Shirabe Ohki
- Section of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Growth and Development, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Kayoko Ogata
- Department of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Japan.
| | - Ryota Fujimoto
- Center for Regenerative Medicine Research, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.
| | - Daiki Murata
- Center for Regenerative Medicine Research, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.
| | - Koichi Nakayama
- Center for Regenerative Medicine Research, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.
| | - Kyoko Oka
- Section of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Growth and Development, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan; Oral Medicine Research Center, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan.
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16
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Wang F, Wang H, Zhang H, Sun B, Wang Z. A Novel Mechanism of MSCs Responding to Occlusal Force for Bone Homeostasis. J Dent Res 2024; 103:642-651. [PMID: 38665065 DOI: 10.1177/00220345241236120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Alveolar bone, as tooth-supporting bone for mastication, is sensitive to occlusal force. However, the mechanism of alveolar bone loss after losing occlusal force remains unclear. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of nonhematopoietic (CD45-) cells in mouse alveolar bone after removing the occlusal force. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and endothelial cell (EC) subsets were significantly decreased in frequency, as confirmed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. The osteogenic and proangiogenic abilities of MSCs were impaired, and the expression of mechanotransducers yes associated protein 1 (Yap) and WW domain containing transcription regulator 1 (Taz) in MSCs decreased. Conditional deletion of Yap and Taz from LepR+ cells, which are enriched in MSCs that are important for adult bone homeostasis, significantly decreased alveolar bone mass and resisted any further changes in bone mass induced by occlusal force changes. Interestingly, LepR-Cre; Yapf/f; Tazf/f mice showed a decrease in CD31hi endomucin (Emcn)hi endothelium, and the expression of some EC-derived signals acting on osteoblastic cells was inhibited in alveolar bone. Mechanistically, conditional deletion of Yap and Taz in LepR+ cells inhibited the secretion of pleiotrophin (Ptn), which impaired the proangiogenic capacity of LepR+ cells. Knockdown in MSC-derived Ptn repressed human umbilical vein EC tube formation in vitro. More important, administration of recombinant PTN locally recovered the frequency of CD31hiEmcnhi endothelium and rescued the low bone mass phenotype of LepR-Cre; Yapf/f; Tazf/f mice. Taken together, these findings suggest that occlusal force governs MSC-regulated endothelium to maintain alveolar bone homeostasis through the Yap/Taz/Ptn axis, providing a reference for further understanding of the relationship between dysfunction and bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Wang
- Department of Oral Implantology & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - H Wang
- Department of Oral Implantology & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - H Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - B Sun
- Department of Oral Implantology & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Oral Implantology & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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17
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Zhang M, Guo T, Pei F, Feng J, Jing J, Xu J, Yamada T, Ho TV, Du J, Sehgal P, Chai Y. ARID1B maintains mesenchymal stem cell quiescence via inhibition of BCL11B-mediated non-canonical Activin signaling. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4614. [PMID: 38816354 PMCID: PMC11139927 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48285-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
ARID1B haploinsufficiency in humans causes Coffin-Siris syndrome, associated with developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, and intellectual disability. The role of ARID1B has been widely studied in neuronal development, but whether it also regulates stem cells remains unknown. Here, we employ scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq to dissect the regulatory functions and mechanisms of ARID1B within mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) using the mouse incisor model. We reveal that loss of Arid1b in the GLI1+ MSC lineage disturbs MSCs' quiescence and leads to their proliferation due to the ectopic activation of non-canonical Activin signaling via p-ERK. Furthermore, loss of Arid1b upregulates Bcl11b, which encodes a BAF complex subunit that modulates non-canonical Activin signaling by directly regulating the expression of activin A subunit, Inhba. Reduction of Bcl11b or non-canonical Activin signaling restores the MSC population in Arid1b mutant mice. Notably, we have identified that ARID1B suppresses Bcl11b expression via specific binding to its third intron, unveiling the direct inter-regulatory interactions among BAF subunits in MSCs. Our results demonstrate the vital role of ARID1B as an epigenetic modifier in maintaining MSC homeostasis and reveal its intricate mechanistic regulatory network in vivo, providing novel insights into the linkage between chromatin remodeling and stem cell fate determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyi Zhang
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Tingwei Guo
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Fei Pei
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jifan Feng
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Junjun Jing
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jian Xu
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Takahiko Yamada
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Thach-Vu Ho
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Jiahui Du
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Prerna Sehgal
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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18
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LaCombe JM, Sloan K, Thomas JR, Blackwell MP, Crawford I, Wallace JM, Roper RJ. Sex specific emergence of trisomic Dyrk1a-related skeletal phenotypes in the development of a Down syndrome mouse model. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.24.595804. [PMID: 38826419 PMCID: PMC11142220 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.24.595804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal insufficiency affects all individuals with Down syndrome (DS) or Trisomy 21 (Ts21) and may alter bone strength throughout development due to a reduced period of bone formation and early attainment of peak bone mass compared to typically developing individuals. Appendicular skeletal deficits also appear in males before females with DS. In femurs of male Ts65Dn DS model mice, cortical deficits were pronounced throughout development, but trabecular deficits and Dyrk1a overexpression were transitory until postnatal day (P) 30 when there were persistent trabecular and cortical deficits and Dyrk1a was trending overexpression. Correction of DS-related skeletal deficits by a purported DYRK1A inhibitor or through genetic means beginning at P21 was not effective at P30, but germline normalization of Dyrk1a improved male bone structure by P36. Trabecular and cortical deficits in female Ts65Dn mice were evident at P30 but subsided by P36, typifying periodic developmental skeletal normalizations that progressed to more prominent bone deficiencies. Sex-dependent differences in skeletal deficits with a delayed impact of trisomic Dyrk1a are important to find temporally specific treatment periods for bone and other phenotypes associated with Ts21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M. LaCombe
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Labcorp Early Development Laboratories, Inc., Greenfield, IN, USA
| | - Kourtney Sloan
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jared R. Thomas
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | | | - Joseph M. Wallace
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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19
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Morriss-Kay G. A journey in the world of craniofacial development: From 1968 to the future. J Anat 2024. [PMID: 38760969 DOI: 10.1111/joa.14057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This article is based on my talk at the meeting "3rd Advances in Craniosynostosis: Basic Science to Clinical Practice", held at University College, London, on 25 August 2023. It describes my contribution, together with that of my research team and external collaborators, to the field of craniofacial development. This began with my PhD research on the effects of excess vitamin A in rat embryos, which led to a study of normal as well as abnormal formation of the cranial neural tube. Many techniques for analysing morphogenetic change became available to me over the years: whole embryo culture, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, cell division analysis, immunohistochemistry and biochemical analysis of the extracellular matrix. The molecular revolution of the 1980s, and key collaborations with international research teams, enabled functional interpretation of some of the earlier morphological observations and required a change of experimental species to the mouse. Interactions between the molecular and experimental analysis of craniofacial morphogenesis in my laboratory with specialists in molecular genetics and clinicians brought my research journey near to my original aim: to contribute to a better understanding of the causes of human congenital anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian Morriss-Kay
- Emeritus Professor of Developmental Anatomy, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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20
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Yu W, Kastriti ME, Ishan M, Choudhary SK, Kramer N, Rashid MM, Truong Do HG, Wang Z, Xu T, Schwabe RF, Ye K, Adameyko I, Liu HX. The main duct of von Ebner's glands is a source of Sox10 + taste bud progenitors and susceptible to pathogen infections. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.14.594215. [PMID: 38798668 PMCID: PMC11118543 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.14.594215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
We have recently demonstrated that Sox10 -expressing ( Sox10 + ) cells give rise to mainly type-III neuronal taste bud cells that are responsible for sour and salt taste. The two tissue compartments containing Sox10 + cells in the surrounding of taste buds include the connective tissue core of taste papillae and von Ebner's glands (vEGs) that are connected to the trench of circumvallate and foliate papillae. In this study, we used inducible Cre mouse models to map the cell lineages of connective tissue (including stromal and Schwann cells) and vEGs and performed single cell RNA-sequencing of the epithelium of Sox10-Cre/tdT mouse circumvallate/vEG complex. In vivo lineage mapping showed that the distribution of traced cells in circumvallate taste buds was closely linked with that in the vEGs, but not in the connective tissue. Sox10 , but not the known stem cells marker Lgr5 , expression was enriched in the cell clusters of main ducts of vEGs that contained abundant proliferating cells, while Sox10-Cre/tdT expression was enriched in type-III taste bud cells and excretory ductal cells. Moreover, multiple genes encoding pathogen receptors are enriched in the vEG main ducts. Our data indicate that the main duct of vEGs is a source of Sox10 + taste bud progenitors and susceptible to pathogen infections.
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Yoon JY, Vu HT, Lee JH, Shin JS, Kim HW, Lee HH, Kim JB, Lee JH. Evaluation of Human Platelet Lysate as an Alternative to Fetal Bovine Serum for Potential Clinical Applications of Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth. Cells 2024; 13:847. [PMID: 38786069 PMCID: PMC11120611 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a surge in demand for and research focus on cell therapy, driven by the tissue-regenerative and disease-treating potentials of stem cells. Among the candidates, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) or human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) have garnered significant attention due to their easy accessibility (non-invasive), multi-lineage differentiation capability (especially neurogenesis), and low immunogenicity. Utilizing these stem cells for clinical purposes requires careful culture techniques such as excluding animal-derived supplements. Human platelet lysate (hPL) has emerged as a safer alternative to fetal bovine serum (FBS) for cell culture. In our study, we assessed the impact of hPL as a growth factor supplement for culture medium, also conducting a characterization of SHED cultured in hPL-supplemented medium (hPL-SHED). The results showed that hPL has effects in enhancing cell proliferation and migration and increasing cell survivability in oxidative stress conditions induced by H2O2. The morphology of hPL-SHED exhibited reduced size and elongation, with a differentiation capacity comparable to or even exceeding that of SHED cultured in a medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum (FBS-SHED). Moreover, no evidence of chromosome abnormalities or tumor formation was detected. In conclusion, hPL-SHED emerges as a promising candidate for cell therapy, exhibiting considerable potential for clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Yoon
- Institute for Stem Cell & Matters, Cell & Matter Corporation, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.Y.); (J.H.L.); (H.-W.K.)
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (H.T.V.); (H.-H.L.)
| | - Huong Thu Vu
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (H.T.V.); (H.-H.L.)
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, University of Medincine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 17000, Vietnam
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jun Hee Lee
- Institute for Stem Cell & Matters, Cell & Matter Corporation, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.Y.); (J.H.L.); (H.-W.K.)
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (H.T.V.); (H.-H.L.)
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 FOUR NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Sun Shin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute for Stem Cell & Matters, Cell & Matter Corporation, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.Y.); (J.H.L.); (H.-W.K.)
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (H.T.V.); (H.-H.L.)
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 FOUR NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Hyoung Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (H.T.V.); (H.-H.L.)
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 FOUR NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Bin Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute for Stem Cell & Matters, Cell & Matter Corporation, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.Y.); (J.H.L.); (H.-W.K.)
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (H.T.V.); (H.-H.L.)
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 FOUR NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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Stanton E, Sheridan S, Urata M, Chai Y. From Bedside to Bench and Back: Advancing Our Understanding of the Pathophysiology of Cleft Palate and Implications for the Future. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2024; 61:759-773. [PMID: 36457208 DOI: 10.1177/10556656221142098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide a comprehensive understanding of the pathophysiology of cleft palate (CP) and future perspectives. DESIGN Literature review. SETTING Setting varied across studies by level of care and geographical locations. INTERVENTIONS No interventions were performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Primary outcome measures were to summarize our current understanding of palatogenesis in humans and animal models, the pathophysiology of CP, and potential future treatment modalities. RESULTS Animal research has provided considerable insight into the pathophysiology, molecular and cellular mechanisms of CP that have allowed for the development of novel treatment strategies. However, much work has yet to be done to connect our mouse model investigations and discoveries to CP in humans. The success of innovative strategies for tissue regeneration in mice provides promise for an exciting new avenue for improved and more targeted management of cleft care with precision medicine in patients. However, significant barriers to clinical translation remain. Among the most notable challenges include the differences in some aspects of palatogenesis and tissue repair between mice and humans, suggesting that potential therapies that have worked in animal models may not provide similar benefits to humans. CONCLUSIONS Increased translation of pathophysiological and tissue regeneration studies to clinical trials will bridge a wide gap in knowledge between animal models and human disease. By enhancing interaction between basic scientists and clinicians, and employing our animal model findings of disease mechanisms in concert with what we glean in the clinic, we can generate a more targeted and improved treatment algorithm for patients with CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloise Stanton
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Samuel Sheridan
- Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mark Urata
- Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yang Chai
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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23
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Liu C, Zhang L, Zheng X, Zhu J, Jin L, Gao R. Pleiotrophin inhibited chondrogenic differentiation potential of dental pulp stem cells. Oral Dis 2024; 30:1439-1450. [PMID: 36840423 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies have shown that the levels of pleiotrophin (PTN) are greatly elevated in the synovial fluid and cartilage in osteoarthritis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of PTN on the chondrogenic differentiation of DPSCs in inflammatory and normal microenvironments. MATERIALS AND METHODS A lentiviral vector was used to deplete or overexpress PTN in DPSCs. The inflammatory microenvironment was simulated in vitro by the addition of IL-1β to the culture medium. The chondrogenic differentiation potential was assessed using Alcian Blue staining and the main chondrogenic markers. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to explore the relationship between miR-137 and PTN. RESULTS The results showed that 0.1 ng/mL IL-1β treatment during chondrogenic induction greatly impaired the chondrogenic differentiation of DPSCs. Supplementation with PTN and PTN overexpression inhibited chondrogenic differentiation of DPSCs, while PTN depletion promoted chondrogenic differentiation. MiR-137 negatively regulated the expression of PTN by binding to the 3'UTR of its mRNA. Moreover, miR-137 promoted chondrogenic differentiation of DPSCs in normal and inflammatory microenvironments. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that PTN may play an inhibitory role in the chondrogenic differentiation of DPSCs in normal and inflammatory microenvironments, which is regulated by miR-137.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of General Dentistry and Integrated Emergency Dental Care, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaman Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Luyuan Jin
- Department of General Dentistry and Integrated Emergency Dental Care, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Runtao Gao
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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24
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Gancheva MR, Kremer K, Breen J, Arthur A, Hamilton-Bruce A, Thomas P, Gronthos S, Koblar S. Effect of Octamer-Binding Transcription Factor 4 Overexpression on the Neural Induction of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:797-815. [PMID: 38316679 PMCID: PMC10984899 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10678-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapy is a potential alternative strategy for brain repair, with neural stem cells (NSC) presenting as the most promising candidates. Obtaining sufficient quantities of NSC for clinical applications is challenging, therefore alternative cell types, such as neural crest-derived dental pulp stem cells (DPSC), may be considered. Human DPSC possess neurogenic potential, exerting positive effects in the damaged brain through paracrine effects. However, a method for conversion of DPSC into NSC has yet to be developed. Here, overexpression of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) in combination with neural inductive conditions was used to reprogram human DPSC along the neural lineage. The reprogrammed DPSC demonstrated a neuronal-like phenotype, with increased expression levels of neural markers, limited capacity for sphere formation, and enhanced neuronal but not glial differentiation. Transcriptomic analysis further highlighted the expression of genes associated with neural and neuronal functions. In vivo analysis using a developmental avian model showed that implanted DPSC survived in the developing central nervous system and respond to endogenous signals, displaying neuronal phenotypes. Therefore, OCT4 enhances the neural potential of DPSC, which exhibited characteristics aligning with neuronal progenitors. This method can be used to standardise DPSC neural induction and provide an alternative source of neural cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Gancheva
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia.
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia.
| | - Karlea Kremer
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - James Breen
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Agnes Arthur
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Anne Hamilton-Bruce
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- Stroke Research Programme, Basil Hetzel Institute, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Woodville South, 5011, Australia
| | - Paul Thomas
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, 5000, Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, 5000, Australia
| | - Simon Koblar
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
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25
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Zhao Q, Ren H, Wang N, Yuan X, Zhao Y, Wen Q. NOTUM plays a bidirectionally modulatory role in the odontoblastic differentiation of human stem cells from the apical papilla through the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 160:105896. [PMID: 38278124 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Notum is a secreted deacylase, which is crucial for tooth dentin development in mice. This study aimed to investigate the effect of NOTUM on the odontoblastic differentiation of human stem cells from the apical papilla (hSCAPs), to reveal the potential value of NOTUM in pulp-dentin complex regeneration. DESIGN The expression pattern of NOTUM in human tooth germs and during in vitro odontoblastic differentiation of hSCAPs was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively. To manipulate the extracellular NOTUM level, ABC99 or small interfering RNA was used to down-regulate it, while recombinant NOTUM protein was added to up-regulate it. The effects of changing NOTUM level on the odontoblastic differentiation of hSCAPs and its interaction with the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway were studied using alkaline phosphatase staining, alizarin red staining, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blot. RESULTS NOTUM was observed in the apical papilla of human tooth germs. During in vitro odontoblastic differentiation of hSCAPs, NOTUM expression initially increased, while the WNT/β-catenin pathway was activated. Downregulation of NOTUM hindered odontoblastic differentiation. Recombinant NOTUM protein had varying effects on odontoblastic differentiation depending on exposure duration. Continuous addition of the protein inhibited both odontoblastic differentiation and the WNT/β-catenin pathway. However, applying the protein solely in the first 3 days enhanced odontoblastic differentiation and up-regulated the WNT/β-catenin pathway. CONCLUSION NOTUM demonstrated a bidirectional impact on in vitro odontoblastic differentiation of hSCAPs, potentially mediated by the WNT/β-catenin pathway. These findings suggest its promising potential for pulp-dentin complex regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxuan Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Huihui Ren
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Yuan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Yuming Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Quan Wen
- First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, 37A Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, PR China.
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26
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Yang D, Jeong Y, Ortinau L, Solidum J, Park D. Mx1 -labeled pulp progenitor cells are main contributors to postnatal odontoblasts and pulp cells in murine molars. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.21.586156. [PMID: 38585950 PMCID: PMC10996506 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.21.586156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Regeneration of dentin and odontoblasts from dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) is essential for permanent tooth maintenance. However, the in vivo identity and role of endogenous DPSCs in reparative dentinogenesis are elusive. Here, using pulp single-cell analysis before and after molar eruption, we revealed that endogenous DPSCs are enriched in Cxcl12- GFP + coronal papilla-like cells with Mx1- Cre labeling. These Mx1 + Cxcl12- GFP + cells are long-term repopulating cells that contribute to the majority of pulp cells and new odontoblasts after eruption. Upon molar injury, Mx1 + DPSCs localize into the injury site and differentiate into new odontoblasts, forming scleraxis -GFP + and osteocalcin -GFP + dentinal tubules and reparative dentin. Single-cell and FACS analysis showed that Mx1 + Cxcl12- GFP + DPSCs are the most primitive cells with stem cell marker expression and odontoblast differentiation. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that Mx1 labels postnatal DSPCs, which are the main source of pulp cells and new odontoblasts with reparative dentinogenesis in vivo .
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27
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Wang W, Yang N, Wang L, Zhu Y, Chu X, Xu W, Li Y, Xu Y, Gao L, Zhang B, Zhang G, Sun Q, Wang W, Wang Q, Zhang W, Chen D. The TET-Sall4-BMP regulatory axis controls craniofacial cartilage development. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113873. [PMID: 38427557 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is a congenital defect that usually results from aberrant development of embryonic pharyngeal arches. However, the molecular basis of CFM pathogenesis is largely unknown. Here, we employ the zebrafish model to investigate mechanisms of CFM pathogenesis. In early embryos, tet2 and tet3 are essential for pharyngeal cartilage development. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that loss of Tet2/3 impairs chondrocyte differentiation due to insufficient BMP signaling. Moreover, biochemical and genetic evidence reveals that the sequence-specific 5mC/5hmC-binding protein, Sall4, binds the promoter of bmp4 to activate bmp4 expression and control pharyngeal cartilage development. Mechanistically, Sall4 directs co-phase separation of Tet2/3 with Sall4 to form condensates that mediate 5mC oxidation on the bmp4 promoter, thereby promoting bmp4 expression and enabling sufficient BMP signaling. These findings suggest the TET-BMP-Sall4 regulatory axis is critical for pharyngeal cartilage development. Collectively, our study provides insights into understanding craniofacial development and CFM pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Na Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China; Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Liangliang Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuanxiang Zhu
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao Chu
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Weijie Xu
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yawei Li
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yihai Xu
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Lina Gao
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Qinmiao Sun
- Institute of Stem Cells and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weihong Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.
| | - Dahua Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China; Southwest United Graduate School, Kunming, China.
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28
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Moore E, Zhao R, McKinney MC, Yi K, Wood C, Trainor P. Cell extrusion - a novel mechanism driving neural crest cell delamination. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.09.584232. [PMID: 38559094 PMCID: PMC10979875 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.09.584232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Neural crest cells (NCC) comprise a heterogeneous population of cells with variable potency, that contribute to nearly every tissue and organ system throughout the body. Considered unique to vertebrates, NCC are transiently generated within the dorsolateral region of the neural plate or neural tube, during neurulation. Their delamination and migration are crucial events in embryo development as the differentiation of NCC is heavily influenced by their final resting locations. Previous work in avian and aquatic species has shown that NCC delaminate via an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which transforms these stem and progenitor cells from static polarized epithelial cells into migratory mesenchymal cells with fluid front and back polarity. However, the cellular and molecular drivers facilitating NCC delamination in mammals are poorly understood. We performed live timelapse imaging of NCC delamination in mouse embryos and discovered a group of cells that exit the neuroepithelium as isolated round cells, which then halt for a short period prior to acquiring the mesenchymal migratory morphology classically associated with most delaminating NCC. High magnification imaging and protein localization analyses of the cytoskeleton, together with measurements of pressure and tension of delaminating NCC and neighboring neuroepithelial cells, revealed these round NCC are extruded from the neuroepithelium prior to completion of EMT. Furthermore, we demonstrate that cranial NCC are extruded through activation of the mechanosensitive ion channel, PIEZO1, a key regulator of the live cell extrusion pathway, revealing a new role for PIEZO1 in neural crest cell development. Our results elucidating the cellular and molecular dynamics orchestrating NCC delamination support a model in which high pressure and tension in the neuroepithelium results in activation of the live cell extrusion pathway and delamination of a subpopulation of NCC in parallel with EMT. This model has broad implications for our understanding of cell delamination in development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Moore
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Ruonan Zhao
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Mary C McKinney
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Kexi Yi
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | | | - Paul Trainor
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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29
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Feng Y, Wang H, Xu S, Huang J, Pei Q, Wang Z. The detection of Gper1 as an important gene promoting jawbone regeneration in the context of estrogen deficiency. Bone 2024; 180:116990. [PMID: 38141748 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated that estrogen deficiency inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of pre-osteoblasts in skeleton by affecting osteogenic signaling, lead to decreased bone mass and impaired regeneration. To explore the mechanisms maintaining bone regeneration under estrogen deficiency, we randomly selected 1102 clinical cases, in which female patients aged between 18 and 75 have underwent tooth extraction in Stomatological Hospital of Tongji University, there is little difference in the healing effect of extraction defects, suggesting that to some extent, the regeneration of jawbone is insensitive to the decreased estrogen level. To illuminate the mechanisms promoting jawbone regeneration under estrogen deficiency, a tooth extraction defect model was established in the maxilla of female rats who underwent ovariectomy (OVX) or sham surgery, and jawbone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were isolated for single-cell sequencing. Further quantitative PCR, RNA interference, alizarin red staining, immunohistochemistry and western blotting experiments demonstrated that in the context of ovariectomy, maxillary defects promoted G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (Gper1) expression, stimulate downstream cAMP/PKA/pCREB signaling, and facilitate cell proliferation, and thus provided sufficient progenitors for osteogenesis and enhanced the regeneration capacity of the jawbone. Correspondingly, the heterozygous deletion of the Gper1 gene attenuated the phosphorylation of CREB, led to decreased cell proliferation, and impaired the restoration of maxillary defects. This study demonstrates the importance of Gper1 in maintaining jawbone regeneration, especially in the context of estrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Feng
- Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, No.399 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, PR China
| | - Haicheng Wang
- Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, No.399 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, PR China
| | - Shuyu Xu
- Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, No.399 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, PR China
| | - Jie Huang
- Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, No.399 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, PR China
| | - Qingguo Pei
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.100 Haining Road, Shanghai 200080, PR China
| | - Zuolin Wang
- Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, No.399 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, PR China.
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30
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Dinwoodie OM, Tucker AS, Fons JM. Tracking cell layer contribution during repair of the tympanic membrane. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050466. [PMID: 38390727 PMCID: PMC10985735 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The tympanic membrane (i.e. eardrum) sits at the interface between the middle and external ear. The tympanic membrane is composed of three layers: an outer ectoderm-derived layer, a middle neural crest-derived fibroblast layer with contribution from the mesoderm-derived vasculature, and an inner endoderm-derived mucosal layer. These layers form a thin sandwich that is often perforated following trauma, pressure changes or middle ear inflammation. During healing, cells need to bridge the perforation in the absence of an initial scaffold. Here, we assessed the contribution, timing and interaction of the different layers during membrane repair by using markers and reporter mice. We showed that the ectodermal layer is retracted after perforation, before proliferating away from the wound edge, with keratin 5 basal cells migrating over the hole to bridge the gap. The mesenchymal and mucosal layers then used this scaffold to complete the repair, followed by advancement of the vasculature. Finally, differentiation of the epithelium led to formation of a scab. Our results reveal the dynamics and interconnections between the embryonic germ layers during repair and highlight how defects might occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia M. Dinwoodie
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Abigail S. Tucker
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Juan M. Fons
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
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31
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Zhao R, Moore EL, Gogol MM, Unruh JR, Yu Z, Scott A, Wang Y, Rajendran NK, Trainor PA. Identification and characterization of intermediate states in mammalian neural crest cell epithelial to mesenchymal transition and delamination. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.10.26.564204. [PMID: 37961316 PMCID: PMC10634855 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.26.564204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular process that converts epithelial cells to mesenchymal cells with migratory potential in both developmental and pathological processes. Although originally considered a binary event, EMT in cancer progression involves intermediate states between a fully epithelial and a fully mesenchymal phenotype, which are characterized by distinct combinations of epithelial and mesenchymal markers. This phenomenon has been termed epithelial to mesenchymal plasticity (EMP), however, the intermediate states remain poorly described and it's unclear whether they exist during developmental EMT. Neural crest cells (NCC) are an embryonic progenitor cell population that gives rise to numerous cell types and tissues in vertebrates, and their formation is a classic example of developmental EMT. An important feature of NCC development is their delamination from the neuroepithelium via EMT, following which NCC migrate throughout the embryo and undergo differentiation. NCC delamination shares similar changes in cellular state and structure with cancer cell invasion. However, whether intermediate states also exist during NCC EMT and delamination remains unknown. Through single cell RNA sequencing, we identified intermediate NCC states based on their transcriptional signature and then spatially defined their locations in situ in the dorsolateral neuroepithelium. Our results illustrate the progressive transcriptional and spatial transitions from premigratory to migratory cranial NCC during EMT and delamination. Of note gene expression and trajectory analysis indicate that distinct intermediate populations of NCC delaminate in either S phase or G2/M phase of the cell cycle, and the importance of cell cycle regulation in facilitating mammalian cranial NCC delamination was confirmed through cell cycle inhibition studies. Additionally, transcriptional knockdown revealed a functional role for the intermediate stage marker Dlc1 in regulating NCC delamination and migration. Overall, our work identifying and characterizing the intermediate cellular states, processes, and molecular signals that regulate mammalian NCC EMT and delamination furthers our understanding of developmental EMP and may provide new insights into mechanisms regulating pathological EMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Zhao
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Emma L. Moore
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | | | - Jay R. Unruh
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Zulin Yu
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Allison Scott
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | | | - Paul A. Trainor
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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32
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Edens BM, Bronner ME. Making developmental sense of the senses, their origin and function. Curr Top Dev Biol 2024; 159:132-167. [PMID: 38729675 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The primary senses-touch, taste, sight, smell, and hearing-connect animals with their environments and with one another. Aside from the eyes, the primary sense organs of vertebrates and the peripheral sensory pathways that relay their inputs arise from two transient stem cell populations: the neural crest and the cranial placodes. In this chapter we consider the senses from historical and cultural perspectives, and discuss the senses as biological faculties. We begin with the embryonic origin of the neural crest and cranial placodes from within the neural plate border of the ectodermal germ layer. Then, we describe the major chemical (i.e. olfactory and gustatory) and mechanical (i.e. vestibulo-auditory and somatosensory) senses, with an emphasis on the developmental interactions between neural crest and cranial placodes that shape their structures and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany M Edens
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Marianne E Bronner
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States.
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Fukumitsu H, Soumiya H, Nakamura K, Nagashima K, Yamada M, Kobayashi H, Miwa T, Tsunoda A, Takeda-Kawaguchi T, Tezuka KI, Furukawa S. Effects of FGF2 Priming and Nrf2 Activation on the Antioxidant Activity of Several Human Dental Pulp Cell Clones Derived From Distinct Donors, and Therapeutic Effects of Transplantation on Rodents With Spinal Cord Injury. Cell Transplant 2024; 33:9636897241264979. [PMID: 39076100 PMCID: PMC11289817 DOI: 10.1177/09636897241264979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the interest in cell transplantation therapy using human dental pulp cells (DPCs) has been increasing. However, significant differences exist in the individual cellular characteristics of human DPC clones and in their therapeutic efficacy in rodent models of spinal cord injury (SCI); moreover, the cellular properties associated with their therapeutic efficacy for SCI remain unclear. Here, using DPC clones from seven different donors, we found that most of the clones were highly resistant to H2O2 cytotoxicity if, after transplantation, they significantly improved the locomotor function of rats with complete SCI. Therefore, we examined the effects of the basic fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and bardoxolone methyl (RTA402), which is a nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) chemical activator, on the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and the resistance to H2O2 cytotoxicity. FGF2 treatment enhanced the resistance of a subset of clones to H2O2 cytotoxicity. Regardless of FGF2 priming, RTA402 markedly enhanced the resistance of many DPC clones to H2O2 cytotoxicity, concomitant with the upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H-quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1). With the exception of a subset of clones, the TAC was not increased by either FGF2 priming or RTA402 treatment alone, whereas it was significantly upregulated by both treatments in each clone, or among all seven DPC clones together. Thus, the TAC and resistance to H2O2 cytotoxicity were, to some extent, independently regulated and were strongly enhanced by both FGF2 priming and RTA402 treatment. Moreover, even a DPC clone that originally exhibited no therapeutic effect on SCI improved the locomotor function of mice with SCI after transplantation under both treatment regimens. Thus, combined with FGF2, RTA402 may increase the number of transplanted DPCs that migrate into and secrete neurotrophic factors at the lesion epicenter, where reactive oxygen species are produced at a high level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidefumi Fukumitsu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hitomi Soumiya
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kaito Nakamura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kosuke Nagashima
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamada
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takahiro Miwa
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Atsuki Tsunoda
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takeda-Kawaguchi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Tezuka
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shoei Furukawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
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Kondoh H. The Significance of Repressive Processes in Developmental Regulation. Results Probl Cell Differ 2024; 72:127-142. [PMID: 38509256 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-39027-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Encountering a developmental process confined to a limited time window or a restricted embryonic area, one may deem that the mechanism to activate the process occurs with such precision in temporal and spatial terms. However, in many instances, the activation mechanism is initiated in a broad time and space, but the mechanism is actuated only when repressive mechanisms are lifted. Thus, the operation of repressive processes is essential for precise developmental regulation. Repressive regulations occur at various levels. The following representative repressive regulations and their consequences at various levels will be discussed: intercellular signaling, epigenetic regulation, transcriptional regulation, and posttranscriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisato Kondoh
- Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Biohistory Research Hall, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
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35
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Guadix JA, Ruiz-Villalba A, Pérez-Pomares JM. Congenital Coronary Blood Vessel Anomalies: Animal Models and the Integration of Developmental Mechanisms. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1441:817-831. [PMID: 38884751 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-44087-8_49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Coronary blood vessels are in charge of sustaining cardiac homeostasis. It is thus logical that coronary congenital anomalies (CCA) directly or indirectly associate with multiple cardiac conditions, including sudden death. The coronary vascular system is a sophisticated, highly patterned anatomical entity, and therefore a wide range of congenital malformations of the coronary vasculature have been described. Despite the clinical interest of CCA, very few attempts have been made to relate specific embryonic developmental mechanisms to the congenital anomalies of these blood vessels. This is so because developmental data on the morphogenesis of the coronary vascular system derive from complex studies carried out in animals (mostly transgenic mice), and are not often accessible to the clinician, who, in turn, possesses essential information on the significance of CCA. During the last decade, advances in our understanding of normal embryonic development of coronary blood vessels have provided insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying coronary arteries anomalies. These findings are the base for our attempt to offer plausible embryological explanations to a variety of CCA as based on the analysis of multiple animal models for the study of cardiac embryogenesis, and present them in an organized manner, offering to the reader developmental mechanistic explanations for the pathogenesis of these anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Guadix
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
| | - Adrián Ruiz-Villalba
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
| | - José M Pérez-Pomares
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain.
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36
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Hazrati P, Mirtaleb MH, Boroojeni HSH, Koma AAY, Nokhbatolfoghahaei H. Current Trends, Advances, and Challenges of Tissue Engineering-Based Approaches of Tooth Regeneration: A Review of the Literature. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:473-496. [PMID: 35984017 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x17666220818103228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tooth loss is a significant health issue. Currently, this situation is often treated with the use of synthetic materials such as implants and prostheses. However, these treatment modalities do not fully meet patients' biological and mechanical needs and have limited longevity. Regenerative medicine focuses on the restoration of patients' natural tissues via tissue engineering techniques instead of rehabilitating with artificial appliances. Therefore, a tissue-engineered tooth regeneration strategy seems like a promising option to treat tooth loss. OBJECTIVE This review aims to demonstrate recent advances in tooth regeneration strategies and discoveries about underlying mechanisms and pathways of tooth formation. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Whole tooth regeneration, tooth root formation, and dentin-pulp organoid generation have been achieved by using different seed cells and various materials for scaffold production. Bioactive agents are critical elements for the induction of cells into odontoblast or ameloblast lineage. Some substantial pathways enrolled in tooth development have been figured out, helping researchers design their experiments more effectively and aligned with the natural process of tooth formation. CONCLUSION According to current knowledge, tooth regeneration is possible in case of proper selection of stem cells, appropriate design and manufacturing of a biocompatible scaffold, and meticulous application of bioactive agents for odontogenic induction. Understanding innate odontogenesis pathways play a crucial role in accurately planning regenerative therapeutic interventions in order to reproduce teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parham Hazrati
- School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Helia Sadat Haeri Boroojeni
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hanieh Nokhbatolfoghahaei
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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37
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Kanai SM, Clouthier DE. Endothelin signaling in development. Development 2023; 150:dev201786. [PMID: 38078652 PMCID: PMC10753589 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of endothelin 1 (EDN1) in 1988, the role of endothelin ligands and their receptors in the regulation of blood pressure in normal and disease states has been extensively studied. However, endothelin signaling also plays crucial roles in the development of neural crest cell-derived tissues. Mechanisms of endothelin action during neural crest cell maturation have been deciphered using a variety of in vivo and in vitro approaches, with these studies elucidating the basis of human syndromes involving developmental differences resulting from altered endothelin signaling. In this Review, we describe the endothelin pathway and its functions during the development of neural crest-derived tissues. We also summarize how dysregulated endothelin signaling causes developmental differences and how this knowledge may lead to potential treatments for individuals with gene variants in the endothelin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley M. Kanai
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - David E. Clouthier
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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38
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Ivan A, Cristea MI, Telea A, Oprean C, Galuscan A, Tatu CA, Paunescu V. Stem Cells Derived from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Functional Assessment: Exploring the Changes of Free Fatty Acids Composition during Cultivation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17249. [PMID: 38139076 PMCID: PMC10743411 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic regulation of stemness is widely recognized as a crucial factor in determining the fate of stem cells. When transferred to a stimulating and nutrient-rich environment, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) undergo rapid proliferation, accompanied by a change in protein expression and a significant reconfiguration of central energy metabolism. This metabolic shift, from quiescence to metabolically active cells, can lead to an increase in the proportion of senescent cells and limit their regenerative potential. In this study, MSCs from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) were isolated and expanded in vitro for up to 10 passages. Immunophenotypic analysis, growth kinetics, in vitro plasticity, fatty acid content, and autophagic capacity were assessed throughout cultivation to evaluate the functional characteristics of SHEDs. Our findings revealed that SHEDs exhibit distinctive patterns of cell surface marker expression, possess high self-renewal capacity, and have a unique potential for neurogenic differentiation. Aged SHEDs exhibited lower proliferation rates, reduced potential for chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation, an increasing capacity for adipogenic differentiation, and decreased autophagic potential. Prolonged cultivation of SHEDs resulted in changes in fatty acid composition, signaling a transition from anti-inflammatory to proinflammatory pathways. This underscores the intricate connection between metabolic regulation, stemness, and aging, crucial for optimizing therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ivan
- Department of Immunology and Allergology, Biology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.A.T.); (V.P.)
- Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer—Oncogen Center, Clinical County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (M.I.C.); (A.T.); (C.O.)
| | - Mirabela I. Cristea
- Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer—Oncogen Center, Clinical County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (M.I.C.); (A.T.); (C.O.)
| | - Ada Telea
- Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer—Oncogen Center, Clinical County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (M.I.C.); (A.T.); (C.O.)
| | - Camelia Oprean
- Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer—Oncogen Center, Clinical County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (M.I.C.); (A.T.); (C.O.)
- Department of Drug analysis, Chemistry of the Environment and Food, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Atena Galuscan
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Calin A. Tatu
- Department of Immunology and Allergology, Biology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.A.T.); (V.P.)
- Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer—Oncogen Center, Clinical County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (M.I.C.); (A.T.); (C.O.)
| | - Virgil Paunescu
- Department of Immunology and Allergology, Biology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.A.T.); (V.P.)
- Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer—Oncogen Center, Clinical County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (M.I.C.); (A.T.); (C.O.)
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Arai Y, English JD, Ono N, Ono W. Effects of antiresorptive medications on tooth root formation and tooth eruption in paediatric patients. Orthod Craniofac Res 2023; 26 Suppl 1:29-38. [PMID: 36714970 PMCID: PMC10864015 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Tooth eruption is a pivotal milestone for children's growth and development. This process involves with the formation of the tooth root, the periodontal ligament (PDL) and the alveolar bone, as the tooth crown penetrates the bone and gingiva to enter the oral cavity. This review aims to outline current knowledge of the adverse dental effects of antiresorptive medications. Recently, paediatric indications for antiresorptive medications, such as bisphosphonates (BPs), have emerged, and these agents are increasingly used in children and adolescents to cure pathological bone resorption associated with bone diseases and cancers. Since tooth eruption is accompanied by osteoclastic bone resorption, it is expected that the administration of antiresorptive medications during this period affects tooth development. Indeed, several articles studying human patient cohorts and animal models report the dental defects associated with the use of these antiresorptive medications. This review shows the summary of the possible factors related to tooth eruption and introduces the future research direction to understand the mechanisms underlying the dental defects caused by antiresorptive medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Arai
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jeryl D. English
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Noriaki Ono
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wanida Ono
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, Texas, USA
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40
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Alhasan MA, Tomokiyo A, Hamano S, Sugii H, Ono T, Ipposhi K, Yamashita K, Mardini B, Minowa F, Maeda H. Hyaluronic Acid Induction Promotes the Differentiation of Human Neural Crest-like Cells into Periodontal Ligament Stem-like Cells. Cells 2023; 12:2743. [PMID: 38067170 PMCID: PMC10705959 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal ligament (PDL) stem-like cells (PDLSCs) are promising for regeneration of the periodontium because they demonstrate multipotency, high proliferative capacity, and the potential to regenerate bone, cementum, and PDL tissue. However, the transplantation of autologous PDLSCs is restricted by limited availability. Since PDLSCs are derived from neural crest cells (NCs) and NCs persist in adult PDL tissue, we devised to promote the regeneration of the periodontium by activating NCs to differentiate into PDLSCs. SK-N-SH cells, a neuroblastoma cell line that reportedly has NC-like features, seeded on the extracellular matrix of PDL cells for 2 weeks, resulted in the significant upregulation of PDL marker expression. SK-N-SH cell-derived PDLSCs (SK-PDLSCs) presented phenotypic characteristics comparable to induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived PDLSCs (iPDLSCs). The expression levels of various hyaluronic acid (HA)-related genes were upregulated in iPDLSCs and SK-PDLSCs compared with iPSC-derived NCs and SK-N-SH cells, respectively. The knockdown of CD44 in SK-N-SH cells significantly inhibited their ability to differentiate into SK-PDLSCs, while low-molecular HA (LMWHA) induction enhanced SK-PDLSC differentiation. Our findings suggest that SK-N-SH cells could be applied as a new model to induce the differentiation of NCs into PDLSCs and that the LMWHA-CD44 relationship is important for the differentiation of NCs into PDLSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Anas Alhasan
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (M.A.A.); (S.H.); (H.S.); (T.O.); (K.I.); (K.Y.); (B.M.); (F.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Atsushi Tomokiyo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita13 Nishi7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan
| | - Sayuri Hamano
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (M.A.A.); (S.H.); (H.S.); (T.O.); (K.I.); (K.Y.); (B.M.); (F.M.); (H.M.)
- OBT Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hideki Sugii
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (M.A.A.); (S.H.); (H.S.); (T.O.); (K.I.); (K.Y.); (B.M.); (F.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Taiga Ono
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (M.A.A.); (S.H.); (H.S.); (T.O.); (K.I.); (K.Y.); (B.M.); (F.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Keita Ipposhi
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (M.A.A.); (S.H.); (H.S.); (T.O.); (K.I.); (K.Y.); (B.M.); (F.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Kozue Yamashita
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (M.A.A.); (S.H.); (H.S.); (T.O.); (K.I.); (K.Y.); (B.M.); (F.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Bara Mardini
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (M.A.A.); (S.H.); (H.S.); (T.O.); (K.I.); (K.Y.); (B.M.); (F.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Fumiko Minowa
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (M.A.A.); (S.H.); (H.S.); (T.O.); (K.I.); (K.Y.); (B.M.); (F.M.); (H.M.)
| | - Hidefumi Maeda
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (M.A.A.); (S.H.); (H.S.); (T.O.); (K.I.); (K.Y.); (B.M.); (F.M.); (H.M.)
- Department of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Xie B, Yuan H, Zou X, Lu M, Zhang Y, Xu D, Peng X, Wang D, Zhao M, Wen X. p75NTR promotes tooth rhythmic mineralization via upregulation of BMAL1/CLOCK. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1283878. [PMID: 38020910 PMCID: PMC10662321 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1283878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock plays a critical role in dentomaxillofacial development. Tooth biomineralization is characterized by the circadian clock; however, the mechanisms underlying the coordination of circadian rhythms with tooth development and biomineralization remain unclear. The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is a clock factor that regulates the oscillatory components of the circadian rhythm. This study aims to investigate the impact of p75NTR on the rhythmic mineralization of teeth and elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms. We generated p75NTR knockout mice to examine the effects of p75NTR deficiency on tooth mineralization. Ectomesenchymal stem cells (EMSCs), derived from mouse tooth germs, were used for in vitro experiments. Results showed a reduction in tooth mineral density and daily mineralization rate in p75NTR knockout mice. Deletion of p75NTR decreased the expression of DMP1, DSPP, RUNX2, and ALP in tooth germ. Odontogenic differentiation and mineralization of EMSCs were activated by p75NTR. Histological results demonstrated predominant detection of p75NTR protein in odontoblasts and stratum intermedium cells during rapid formation phases of dental hard tissue. The mRNA expression of p75NTR exhibited circadian variations in tooth germs and EMSCs, consistent with the expression patterns of the core clock genes Bmal1 and Clock. The upregulation of BMAL1/CLOCK expression by p75NTR positively regulated the mineralization ability of EMSCs, whereas BMAL1 and CLOCK exerted a negative feedback regulation on p75NTR by inhibiting its promoter activity. Our findings suggest that p75NTR is necessary to maintain normal tooth biomineralization. Odontogenic differentiation and mineralization of EMSCs is regulated by the p75NTR-BMAL1/CLOCK signaling axis. These findings offer valuable insights into the associations between circadian rhythms, tooth development, and biomineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xie
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Yuan
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuqiang Zou
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Mingjie Lu
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xuelian Peng
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Di Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Manzhu Zhao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiujie Wen
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Nakai Y, Praneetpong N, Ono W, Ono N. Mechanisms of Osteoclastogenesis in Orthodontic Tooth Movement and Orthodontically Induced Tooth Root Resorption. J Bone Metab 2023; 30:297-310. [PMID: 38073263 PMCID: PMC10721376 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2023.30.4.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is achieved by the simultaneous activation of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. When orthodontic forces are applied, osteoclast-mediated bone resorption occurs in the alveolar bone on the compression side, creating space for tooth movement. Therefore, controlling osteoclastogenesis is the fundamental tenet of orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic forces are sensed by osteoblast lineage cells such as periodontal ligament (PDL) cells and osteocytes. Of several cytokines produced by these cells, the most important cytokine promoting osteoclastogenesis is the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), which is mainly supplied by osteoblasts. Additionally, osteocytes embedded within the bone matrix, T lymphocytes in inflammatory conditions, and PDL cells produce RANKL. Besides RANKL, inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, and prostaglandin E2 promote osteoclastogenesis under OTM. On the downside, excessive osteoclastogenesis activation triggers orthodontically-induced external root resorption (ERR) through pro-osteoclastic inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of osteoclastogenesis during OTM is essential in reducing the adverse effects of orthodontic treatment. Here, we review the current concepts of the mechanisms underlying osteoclastogenesis in OTM and orthodontically induced ERR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Nakai
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Natnicha Praneetpong
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wanida Ono
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Noriaki Ono
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
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Liu S, Kawanishi T, Shimada A, Ikeda N, Yamane M, Takeda H, Tasaki J. Identification of an adverse outcome pathway (AOP) for chemical-induced craniofacial anomalies using the transgenic zebrafish model. Toxicol Sci 2023; 196:38-51. [PMID: 37531284 PMCID: PMC10614053 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial anomalies are one of the most frequent birth defects worldwide and are often caused by genetic and environmental factors such as pharmaceuticals and chemical agents. Although identifying adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) is a central issue for evaluating the teratogenicity, the AOP causing craniofacial anomalies has not been identified. Recently, zebrafish has gained interest as an emerging model for predicting teratogenicity because of high throughput, cost-effectiveness and availability of various tools for examining teratogenic mechanisms. Here, we established zebrafish sox10-EGFP reporter lines to visualize cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs) and have identified the AOPs for craniofacial anomalies. When we exposed the transgenic embryos to teratogens that were reported to cause craniofacial anomalies in mammals, CNCC migration and subsequent morphogenesis of the first pharyngeal arch were impaired at 24 hours post-fertilization. We also found that cell proliferation and apoptosis of the migratory CNCCs were disturbed, which would be key events of the AOP. From these results, we propose that our sox10-EGFP reporter lines serve as a valuable model for detecting craniofacial skeletal abnormalities, from early to late developmental stages. Given that the developmental process of CNCCs around this stage is highly conserved between zebrafish and mammals, our findings can be extrapolated to mammalian craniofacial development and thus help in predicting craniofacial anomalies in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Liu
- R&D, Safety Science Research, Kao Corporation, Tochigi 321-3497, Japan
| | - Toru Kawanishi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Atsuko Shimada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Naohiro Ikeda
- R&D, Safety Science Research, Kao Corporation, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamane
- R&D, Safety Science Research, Kao Corporation, Tochigi 321-3497, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takeda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Junichi Tasaki
- R&D, Safety Science Research, Kao Corporation, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
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Xing WB, Wu ST, Wang XX, Li FY, Wang RX, He JH, Fu J, He Y. Potential of dental pulp stem cells and their products in promoting peripheral nerve regeneration and their future applications. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:960-978. [PMID: 37970238 PMCID: PMC10631371 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i10.960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) seriously affects people's quality of life. Stem cell therapy is considered a promising new option for the clinical treatment of PNI. Dental stem cells, particularly dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), are adult pluripotent stem cells derived from the neuroectoderm. DPSCs have significant potential in the field of neural tissue engineering due to their numerous advantages, such as easy isolation, multidifferentiation potential, low immunogenicity, and low transplant rejection rate. DPSCs are extensively used in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, including for the treatment of sciatic nerve injury, facial nerve injury, spinal cord injury, and other neurodegenerative diseases. This article reviews research related to DPSCs and their advantages in treating PNI, aiming to summarize the therapeutic potential of DPSCs for PNI and the underlying mechanisms and providing valuable guidance and a foundation for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bo Xing
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shu-Ting Wu
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xin-Xin Wang
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fen-Yao Li
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ruo-Xuan Wang
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ji-Hui He
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiao Fu
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yan He
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- Department of Stomatology, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China.
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Alghadeer A, Hanson-Drury S, Patni AP, Ehnes DD, Zhao YT, Li Z, Phal A, Vincent T, Lim YC, O'Day D, Spurrell CH, Gogate AA, Zhang H, Devi A, Wang Y, Starita L, Doherty D, Glass IA, Shendure J, Freedman BS, Baker D, Regier MC, Mathieu J, Ruohola-Baker H. Single-cell census of human tooth development enables generation of human enamel. Dev Cell 2023; 58:2163-2180.e9. [PMID: 37582367 PMCID: PMC10629594 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Tooth enamel secreted by ameloblasts (AMs) is the hardest material in the human body, acting as a shield to protect the teeth. However, the enamel is gradually damaged or partially lost in over 90% of adults and cannot be regenerated due to a lack of ameloblasts in erupted teeth. Here, we use single-cell combinatorial indexing RNA sequencing (sci-RNA-seq) to establish a spatiotemporal single-cell census for the developing human tooth and identify regulatory mechanisms controlling the differentiation process of human ameloblasts. We identify key signaling pathways involved between the support cells and ameloblasts during fetal development and recapitulate those findings in human ameloblast in vitro differentiation from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). We furthermore develop a disease model of amelogenesis imperfecta in a three-dimensional (3D) organoid system and show AM maturation to mineralized structure in vivo. These studies pave the way for future regenerative dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Alghadeer
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, College of Dentistry, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia; Department of Oral Health Sciences University of Washington, School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Sesha Hanson-Drury
- Department of Oral Health Sciences University of Washington, School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Anjali P Patni
- Department of Oral Health Sciences University of Washington, School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Cancer Biology and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 603203, India
| | - Devon D Ehnes
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Yan Ting Zhao
- Department of Oral Health Sciences University of Washington, School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Zicong Li
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Ashish Phal
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Thomas Vincent
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Yen C Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Diana O'Day
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Cailyn H Spurrell
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Aishwarya A Gogate
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Hai Zhang
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington, School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Arikketh Devi
- Cancer Biology and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 603203, India
| | - Yuliang Wang
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lea Starita
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Dan Doherty
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Ian A Glass
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jay Shendure
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Benjamin S Freedman
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle WA 98109
| | - David Baker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Mary C Regier
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Julie Mathieu
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Hannele Ruohola-Baker
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, College of Dentistry, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia; Department of Oral Health Sciences University of Washington, School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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Baxi A, Jourdeuil K, Cox TC, Clouthier DE, Tavares ALP. Transcriptomic analysis reveals the role of SIX1 in mouse cranial neural crest patterning and bone development. Dev Dyn 2023; 252:1303-1315. [PMID: 37183792 PMCID: PMC10592572 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic variants of the transcription factor SIX1 and its co-factor EYA1 underlie 50% of Branchio-oto-renal syndrome (BOR) cases. BOR is characterized by craniofacial defects, including malformed middle ear ossicles leading to conductive hearing loss. In this work, we expand our knowledge of the Six1 gene regulatory network by using a Six1-null mouse line to assess gene expression profiles of E10.5 mandibular arches, which give rise to the neural crest (NC)-derived middle ear ossicles and lower jaw, via bulk RNA sequencing. RESULTS Our transcriptomic analysis led to the identification of 808 differentially expressed genes that are related to translation, NC cell differentiation, osteogenesis, and chondrogenesis including components of the WNT signaling pathway. As WNT signaling is a known contributor to bone development, we demonstrated that SIX1 is required for expression of the WNT antagonist Frzb in the mandibular arch, and determined that SIX1 expression results in repression of WNT signaling. CONCLUSION Our results clarify the mechanisms by which SIX1 regulates the development of NC-derived craniofacial elements that are altered in SIX1-associated disorders. In addition, this work identifies novel genes that could be causative to this birth defect and establishes a link between SIX1 and WNT signaling during patterning of NC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Baxi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, DC 20037, USA
| | - Karyn Jourdeuil
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, DC 20037, USA
| | - Timothy C. Cox
- Departments of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - David E. Clouthier
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Andre L. P. Tavares
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, DC 20037, USA
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Liu X, Lv S, Kan W, Fan B, Shao B. Human alveolar bone-derived mesenchymal stem cell cultivation on a 3D-printed PDLLA scaffold for bone formation. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023; 61:527-533. [PMID: 37679196 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2023.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess effects of 3-dimensionally (3D) printed poly-d,l-lactin (PDLLA) on human alveolar bone-derived mesenchymal stem cell (h-ABMSC) osteogenic proliferation and differentiation. Human ABMSCs were cultured and identified using flow cytometry and morphological analysis. Control and PDLLA experimental groups were assessed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) to detect cellular cytotoxicity and proliferative activity. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to determine expression levels of osteogenesis genes including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx-2), osteopontin (OPN), and osteocalcin (OCN). The results showed that h-ABMSCs were successfully cultured and revealed by microscopic observation. Human ABMSCs were spindle-shaped, with clustered and fish-like primary cells. Cell surface markers were negative for CD34 and positive for CD44 and CD90. PDLLA had no cytotoxicity. Human ABMSCs proliferated normally, and osteogenic differentiation of the cells was observed on the surface of PDLLA. Cellular proliferative activity and expression levels of osteogenesis-related genes of PDLLA and control groups showed no significant difference, including ALP, Runx-2, OPN, and OCN. These results suggest that 3D-printed PDLLA has good cell compatibility and biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Baoding First Central Hospital, 320 Great Wall North Street, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
| | - Shouyin Lv
- Department of Stomatology, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, 20 Zhaowuda Road, Huhhot 010017, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Wenjiao Kan
- Department of Stomatology, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, 20 Zhaowuda Road, Huhhot 010017, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Boxi Fan
- Department of Stomatology, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, 20 Zhaowuda Road, Huhhot 010017, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Bo Shao
- Department of Stomatology, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, 20 Zhaowuda Road, Huhhot 010017, Inner Mongolia, China.
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Umar M, Dong C, He F. Characterizing expression pattern of Six2Cre during mouse craniofacial development. Genesis 2023; 61:e23516. [PMID: 36999646 PMCID: PMC10527692 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Craniofacial development is a complex process involving diverse cell populations. Various transgenic Cre lines have been developed to facilitate studying gene function in specific tissues. In this study, we have characterized the expression pattern of Six2Cre mice at multiple stages during craniofacial development. Our data revealed that Six2Cre lineage cells are predominantly present in frontal bone, mandible, and secondary palate. Using immunostaining method, we found that Six2Cre triggered reporter is co-expressed with Runx2. In summary, our data showed Six2Cre can be used to study gene function during palate development and osteogenesis in mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Umar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Chunmin Dong
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Fenglei He
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Wu Y, Lan Y, Mao J, Shen J, Kang T, Xie Z. The interaction between the nervous system and the stomatognathic system: from development to diseases. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:34. [PMID: 37580325 PMCID: PMC10425412 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00241-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The crosstalk between the nerve and stomatognathic systems plays a more important role in organismal health than previously appreciated with the presence of emerging concept of the "brain-oral axis". A deeper understanding of the intricate interaction between the nervous system and the stomatognathic system is warranted, considering their significant developmental homology and anatomical proximity, and the more complex innervation of the jawbone compared to other skeletons. In this review, we provide an in-depth look at studies concerning neurodevelopment, craniofacial development, and congenital anomalies that occur when the two systems develop abnormally. It summarizes the cross-regulation between nerves and jawbones and the effects of various states of the jawbone on intrabony nerve distribution. Diseases closely related to both the nervous system and the stomatognathic system are divided into craniofacial diseases caused by neurological illnesses, and neurological diseases caused by an aberrant stomatognathic system. The two-way relationships between common diseases, such as periodontitis and neurodegenerative disorders, and depression and oral diseases were also discussed. This review provides valuable insights into novel strategies for neuro-skeletal tissue engineering and early prevention and treatment of orofacial and neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhu Wu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Lan
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajie Mao
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Shen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Kang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhijian Xie
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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Cabaña-Muñoz ME, Pelaz Fernández MJ, Parmigiani-Cabaña JM, Parmigiani-Izquierdo JM, Merino JJ. Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Oral Cavity and Surrounding Areas: Types and Biomedical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2109. [PMID: 37631323 PMCID: PMC10459416 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult mesenchymal stem cells are those obtained from the conformation of dental structures (DMSC), such as deciduous and permanent teeth and other surrounding tissues. Background: The self-renewal and differentiation capacities of these adult stem cells allow for great clinical potential. Because DMSC are cells of ectomesenchymal origin, they reveal a high capacity for complete regeneration of dental pulp, periodontal tissue, and other biomedical applications; their differentiation into other types of cells promotes repair in muscle tissue, cardiac, pancreatic, nervous, bone, cartilage, skin, and corneal tissues, among others, with a high predictability of success. Therefore, stem and progenitor cells, with their exosomes of dental origin and surrounding areas in the oral cavity due to their plasticity, are considered a fundamental pillar in medicine and regenerative dentistry. Tissue engineering (MSCs, scaffolds, and bioactive molecules) sustains and induces its multipotent and immunomodulatory effects. It is of vital importance to guarantee the safety and efficacy of the procedures designed for patients, and for this purpose, more clinical trials are needed to increase the efficacy of several pathologies. Conclusion: From a bioethical and transcendental anthropological point of view, the human person as a unique being facilitates better clinical and personalized therapy, given the higher prevalence of dental and chronic systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Eugenia Cabaña-Muñoz
- CIROM—Centro de Rehabilitación Oral Multidisciplinaria, 30001 Murcia, Spain; (M.E.C.-M.); (J.M.P.-C.); (J.M.P.-I.)
| | | | - José María Parmigiani-Cabaña
- CIROM—Centro de Rehabilitación Oral Multidisciplinaria, 30001 Murcia, Spain; (M.E.C.-M.); (J.M.P.-C.); (J.M.P.-I.)
| | | | - José Joaquín Merino
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (U.C.M), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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