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Guan Q, Zhang Y, Wang ZK, Liu XH, Zou J, Zhang LL. Skeletal phenotypes and molecular mechanisms in aging mice. Zool Res 2024; 45:724-746. [PMID: 38894518 PMCID: PMC11298674 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2023.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is an inevitable physiological process, often accompanied by age-related bone loss and subsequent bone-related diseases that pose serious health risks. Research on skeletal diseases caused by aging in humans is challenging due to lengthy study durations, difficulties in sampling, regional variability, and substantial investment. Consequently, mice are preferred for such studies due to their similar motor system structure and function to humans, ease of handling and care, low cost, and short generation time. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the characteristics, limitations, applicability, bone phenotypes, and treatment methods in naturally aging mice and prematurely aging mouse models (including SAMP6, POLG mutant, LMNA, SIRT6, ZMPSTE24, TFAM, ERCC1, WERNER, and KL/KL-deficient mice). We also summarize the molecular mechanisms of these aging mouse models, including cellular DNA damage response, senescence-related secretory phenotype, telomere shortening, oxidative stress, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) abnormalities, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Overall, this review aims to enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis of aging-related bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Guan
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- College of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zhi-Kun Wang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Liu
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jun Zou
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ling-Li Zhang
- College of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China. E-mail:
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Verlinden L, Li S, Veldurthy V, Carmeliet G, Christakos S. Relationship of the bone phenotype of the Klotho mutant mouse model of accelerated aging to changes in skeletal architecture that occur with chronological aging. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1310466. [PMID: 38352710 PMCID: PMC10861770 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1310466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Due to the relatively long life span of rodent models, in order to expediate the identification of novel therapeutics of age related diseases, mouse models of accelerated aging have been developed. In this study we examined skeletal changes in the male and female Klotho mutant (kl/kl) mice and in male and female chronically aged mice to determine whether the accelerated aging bone phenotype of the kl/kl mouse reflects changes in skeletal architecture that occur with chronological aging. Methods 2, 6 and 20-23 month old C57BL/6 mice were obtained from the National Institute of Aging aged rodent colony and wildtype and kl/kl mice were generated as previously described by M. Kuro-o. Microcomputed tomography analysis was performed ex vivo to examine trabecular and cortical parameters from the proximal metaphyseal and mid-diaphyseal areas, respectively. Serum calcium and phosphate were analyzed using a colorimetric assay. The expression of duodenal Trpv6, which codes for TRPV6, a vitamin D regulated epithelial calcium channel whose expression reflects intestinal calcium absorptive efficiency, was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. Results and discussion Trabecular bone volume (BV/TV) and trabecular number decreased continuously with age in males and females. In contrast to aging mice, an increase in trabecular bone volume and trabecular number was observed in both male and female kl/kl mice. Cortical thickness decreased with advancing age and also decreased in male and female kl/kl mice. Serum calcium and phosphate levels were significantly increased in kl/kl mice but did not change with age. Aging resulted in a decline in Trpv6 expression. In the kl/kl mice duodenal Trpv6 was significantly increased. Our findings reflect differences in bone architecture as well as differences in calcium and phosphate homeostasis and expression of Trpv6 between the kl/kl mutant mouse model of accelerated aging and chronological aging. Although the Klotho deficient mouse has provided a new understanding of the regulation of mineral homeostasis and bone metabolism, our findings suggest that changes in bone architecture in the kl/kl mouse reflect in part systemic disturbances that differ from pathophysiological changes that occur with age including dysregulation of calcium homeostasis that contributes to age related bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieve Verlinden
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Vaishali Veldurthy
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Geert Carmeliet
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sylvia Christakos
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
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Kakridonis F, Pneumatikos SG, Vakonaki E, Berdiaki A, Tzatzarakis MN, Fragkiadaki P, Spandidos DA, Baliou S, Ioannou P, Hatzidaki E, Nikitovic D, Tsatsakis A, Vasiliadis E. Telomere length as a predictive biomarker in osteoporosis (Review). Biomed Rep 2023; 19:87. [PMID: 37881605 PMCID: PMC10594068 DOI: 10.3892/br.2023.1669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are the ends of chromosomes that protect them from DNA damage. There is evidence to suggest that telomere shortening appears with advanced age. Since aging is a significant risk factor for developing age-related complications, it is plausible that telomere shortening may be involved in the development of osteoporosis. The present review summarizes the potential of telomere shortening as a biomarker for detecting the onset of osteoporosis. For the purposes of the present review, the following scientific databases were searched for relevant articles: PubMed/NCBI, Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, Embase and Google Scholar. The present review includes randomized and non-randomized controlled studies and case series involving humans, irrespective of the time of their publication. In six out of the 11 included studies providing data on humans, there was at least a weak association between telomere length and osteoporosis, with the remaining studies exhibiting no such association. As a result, telomere shortening may be used as a biomarker or as part of a panel of biomarkers for tracking the onset and progression of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotios Kakridonis
- 5th Department of Orthopaedics, KAT Attica General Hospital, 14561 Athens, Greece
| | - Spyros G. Pneumatikos
- 3rd Department of Orthopaedics, KAT Attica General Hospital, 14561 Athens, Greece
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical School, Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Elena Vakonaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Berdiaki
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Persefoni Fragkiadaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Stella Baliou
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Petros Ioannou
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Hatzidaki
- Department of Neonatology and NICU, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71500 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Elias Vasiliadis
- 3rd Department of Orthopaedics, KAT Attica General Hospital, 14561 Athens, Greece
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4
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Li X, Li C, Zhang W, Wang Y, Qian P, Huang H. Inflammation and aging: signaling pathways and intervention therapies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:239. [PMID: 37291105 PMCID: PMC10248351 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01502-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 146.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by systemic chronic inflammation, which is accompanied by cellular senescence, immunosenescence, organ dysfunction, and age-related diseases. Given the multidimensional complexity of aging, there is an urgent need for a systematic organization of inflammaging through dimensionality reduction. Factors secreted by senescent cells, known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), promote chronic inflammation and can induce senescence in normal cells. At the same time, chronic inflammation accelerates the senescence of immune cells, resulting in weakened immune function and an inability to clear senescent cells and inflammatory factors, which creates a vicious cycle of inflammation and senescence. Persistently elevated inflammation levels in organs such as the bone marrow, liver, and lungs cannot be eliminated in time, leading to organ damage and aging-related diseases. Therefore, inflammation has been recognized as an endogenous factor in aging, and the elimination of inflammation could be a potential strategy for anti-aging. Here we discuss inflammaging at the molecular, cellular, organ, and disease levels, and review current aging models, the implications of cutting-edge single cell technologies, as well as anti-aging strategies. Since preventing and alleviating aging-related diseases and improving the overall quality of life are the ultimate goals of aging research, our review highlights the critical features and potential mechanisms of inflammation and aging, along with the latest developments and future directions in aging research, providing a theoretical foundation for novel and practical anti-aging strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chentao Li
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
| | - Wanying Zhang
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
| | - Pengxu Qian
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Abstract
Changes in bone architecture and metabolism with aging increase the likelihood of osteoporosis and fracture. Age-onset osteoporosis is multifactorial, with contributory extrinsic and intrinsic factors including certain medical problems, specific prescription drugs, estrogen loss, secondary hyperparathyroidism, microenvironmental and cellular alterations in bone tissue, and mechanical unloading or immobilization. At the histological level, there are changes in trabecular and cortical bone as well as marrow cellularity, lineage switching of mesenchymal stem cells to an adipogenic fate, inadequate transduction of signals during skeletal loading, and predisposition toward senescent cell accumulation with production of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Cumulatively, these changes result in bone remodeling abnormalities that over time cause net bone loss typically seen in older adults. Age-related osteoporosis is a geriatric syndrome due to the multiple etiologies that converge upon the skeleton to produce the ultimate phenotypic changes that manifest as bone fragility. Bone tissue is dynamic but with tendencies toward poor osteoblastic bone formation and relative osteoclastic bone resorption with aging. Interactions with other aging physiologic systems, such as muscle, may also confer detrimental effects on the aging skeleton. Conversely, individuals who maintain their BMD experience a lower risk of fractures, disability, and mortality, suggesting that this phenotype may be a marker of successful aging. © 2023 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 13:4355-4386, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Pignolo
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Endocrinology, and Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,The Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, and the Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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6
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Sheikh-Wu SF, Anglade D, Downs C. Modèle de survie au cancer appliqué aux soins holistiques et à la recherche. Can Oncol Nurs J 2023; 33:17-30. [PMID: 36789217 PMCID: PMC9894373 DOI: 10.5737/2368807633117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Les progrès réalisés dans la lutte contre le cancer ont augmenté les taux de survie, entraînant un tel changement de paradigme que le cancer est maintenant considéré comme une maladie chronique; il nous faut donc évaluer notre connaissance de la survie au cancer (SC). C’est dans cette optique que les auteurs ont procédé à une recension exhaustive des écrits dans les référentiels CINAHL, MEDLINE et PUBMED de 2000 et 2021. En s’appuyant sur les concepts étudiés dans la littérature, ils ont répertorié les principaux facteurs qui influencent la survie au cancer dans l’ensemble des populations atteintes et ont proposé un modèle. Le présent article décrit ce modèle de survie au cancer (MSC). Le MSC prend en compte les facteurs prédisposant à la survie ainsi que les facteurs d’influence en jeu dans les trois phases de survie (aiguë, prolongée et permanente), à savoir le traitement et le traitement d’entretien (soins médicaux et psychosociaux), le bien-être, et d’autres éléments d’influence (expériences entraînant de profonds changements, incertitude, établissement de priorités, gestion du bien-être et conséquences indirectes) de même que les facteurs liés aux relations sociales qui jouent sur le fardeau des symptômes des survivants ainsi que l’expérience globale de la survie (état de santé et qualité de vie). Une étude de cas a d’ailleurs montré l’utilité du MSC. L’application du modèle est prometteuse pour l’avenir, tant pour améliorer la qualité de la survivance que pour guider la recherche et la pratique clinique en vue de favoriser et d’optimiser la bonne santé des survivants à long terme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameena F. Sheikh-Wu
- Auteure-ressource : Sameena F. Sheikh-Wu, École de soins infirmiers et de sciences de la santé, Université de Miami, 5030 Brunson Dr., Coral Gables, FL 33146. Courriel :
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7
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Sheikh-Wu SF, Anglade D, Downs C. A cancer survivorship model for holistic cancer care and research. Can Oncol Nurs J 2023; 33:4-16. [PMID: 36789222 PMCID: PMC9894370 DOI: 10.5737/236880763314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Advancements in cancer have increased survival rates leading to a paradigm shift such that cancer is considered a chronic disease, necessitating an evaluation of our understanding of cancer survivorship (CS). For this purpose, a comprehensive literature search was performed, using CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PUBMED from 2000-2021. Drawing from the concepts in the literature, salient factors that affect CS across cancer populations were identified and a proposed model was developed. This paper describes the Cancer Survivorship Model (CSM). The CSM represents predisposing factors for survivors and survivorship's acute, extended, and long-term phases, influencing factors: treatment and maintenance (medical/ psychosocial care), well-being, influencing aspects (life-changing experience, uncertainty, prioritizing life, wellness management, and collateral damage), and social relationship factors that impact survivors' symptom burdens and overall survivorship experience (health outcomes and quality of life). A case study demonstrates the CSM utility. Future application of the model holds promise for improving the quality of survivorship and informing research and clinical practice to promote and optimize survivors' outcomes throughout the evolving survivorship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameena F. Sheikh-Wu
- Corresponding author: Sameena F. Sheikh-Wu, School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, 5030 Brunson Dr. Coral Gables, FL 33146. E-mail:
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Guo J, Huang X, Dou L, Yan M, Shen T, Tang W, Li J. Aging and aging-related diseases: from molecular mechanisms to interventions and treatments. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:391. [PMID: 36522308 PMCID: PMC9755275 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01251-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 134.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a gradual and irreversible pathophysiological process. It presents with declines in tissue and cell functions and significant increases in the risks of various aging-related diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, and immune system diseases. Although the development of modern medicine has promoted human health and greatly extended life expectancy, with the aging of society, a variety of chronic diseases have gradually become the most important causes of disability and death in elderly individuals. Current research on aging focuses on elucidating how various endogenous and exogenous stresses (such as genomic instability, telomere dysfunction, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, compromise of autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, altered intercellular communication, deregulated nutrient sensing) participate in the regulation of aging. Furthermore, thorough research on the pathogenesis of aging to identify interventions that promote health and longevity (such as caloric restriction, microbiota transplantation, and nutritional intervention) and clinical treatment methods for aging-related diseases (depletion of senescent cells, stem cell therapy, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory treatments, and hormone replacement therapy) could decrease the incidence and development of aging-related diseases and in turn promote healthy aging and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiuqing Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lin Dou
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Mingjing Yan
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Tao Shen
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Weiqing Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Jian Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Chandra A, Lagnado AB, Farr JN, Schleusner M, Monroe DG, Saul D, Passos JF, Khosla S, Pignolo RJ. Bone Marrow Adiposity in Models of Radiation- and Aging-Related Bone Loss Is Dependent on Cellular Senescence. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:997-1011. [PMID: 35247283 PMCID: PMC9526878 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced reactive oxygen species, DNA damage, apoptosis, and cellular senescence have been associated with reduced osteoprogenitors in a reciprocal fashion to bone marrow adipocyte tissue (BMAT); however, a direct (causal) link between cellular senescence and BMAT is still elusive. Accumulation of senescent cells occur in naturally aged and in focally radiated bone tissue, but despite amelioration of age- and radiation-associated bone loss after senescent cell clearance, molecular events that precede BMAT accrual are largely unknown. Here we show by RNA-Sequencing data that BMAT-related genes were the most upregulated gene subset in radiated bones of C57BL/6 mice. Using focal radiation as a model to understand age-associated changes in bone, we performed a longitudinal assessment of cellular senescence and BMAT. Using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), RNA in situ hybridization of p21 transcripts and histological assessment of telomere dysfunction as a marker of senescence, we observed an increase in senescent cell burden of bone cells from day 1 postradiation, without the presence of BMAT. BMAT was significantly elevated in radiated bones at day 7, confirming the qRT-PCR data in which most BMAT-related genes were elevated by day 7, and the trend continued until day 42 postradiation. Similarly, elevation in BMAT-related genes was observed in bones of aged mice. The senolytic cocktail of Dasatinib (D) plus Quercetin (Q) (ie, D + Q), which clears senescent cells, reduced BMAT in aged and radiated bones. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) linked with senescence marker p21 were downregulated in radiated and aged bones, whereas miR-27a, a miR that is associated with increased BMAT, was elevated both in radiated and aged bones. D + Q downregulated miR-27a in radiated bones at 42 days postradiation. Overall, our study provides evidence that BMAT occurrence in oxidatively stressed bone environments, such as radiation and aging, is induced following a common pathway and is dependent on the presence of senescent cells. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Chandra
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Anthony B. Lagnado
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Joshua N. Farr
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Megan Schleusner
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David G. Monroe
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Dominik Saul
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - João F. Passos
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sundeep Khosla
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Robert J. Pignolo
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
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Induction of Accelerated Aging in a Mouse Model. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091418. [PMID: 35563724 PMCID: PMC9102583 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With the global increase of the elderly population, the improvement of the treatment for various aging-related diseases and the extension of a healthy lifespan have become some of the most important current medical issues. In order to understand the developmental mechanisms of aging and aging-related disorders, animal models are essential to conduct relevant studies. Among them, mice have become one of the most prevalently used model animals for aging-related studies due to their high similarity to humans in terms of genetic background and physiological structure, as well as their short lifespan and ease of reproduction. This review will discuss some of the common and emerging mouse models of accelerated aging and related chronic diseases in recent years, with the aim of serving as a reference for future application in fundamental and translational research.
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Chandra A, Rajawat J. Skeletal Aging and Osteoporosis: Mechanisms and Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073553. [PMID: 33805567 PMCID: PMC8037620 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is a dynamic organ maintained by tightly regulated mechanisms. With old age, bone homeostasis, which is maintained by an intricate balance between bone formation and bone resorption, undergoes deregulation. Oxidative stress-induced DNA damage, cellular apoptosis, and cellular senescence are all responsible for this tissue dysfunction and the imbalance in the bone homeostasis. These cellular mechanisms have become a target for therapeutics to treat age-related osteoporosis. Genetic mouse models have shown the importance of senescent cell clearance in alleviating age-related osteoporosis. Furthermore, we and others have shown that targeting cellular senescence pharmacologically was an effective tool to alleviate age- and radiation-induced osteoporosis. Senescent cells also have an altered secretome known as the senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which may have autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine function. The current review discusses the current and potential pathways which lead to a senescence profile in an aged skeleton and how bone homeostasis is affected during age-related osteoporosis. The review has also discussed existing therapeutics for the treatment of osteoporosis and rationalizes for novel therapeutic options based on cellular senescence and the SASP as an underlying pathogenesis of an aging bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Chandra
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Aging Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-507-266-1847
| | - Jyotika Rajawat
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, University Rd, Babuganj, Hasanganj, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226007, India;
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MiR-206 regulates the progression of osteoporosis via targeting HDAC4. Eur J Med Res 2021; 26:8. [PMID: 33461610 PMCID: PMC7812640 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-021-00480-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background More and more studies have confirmed that miRNAs play an important role in maintaining bone remodeling and bone metabolism. This study investigated the expression level of miR-206 in the serum of osteoporosis (OP) patients and explored the effect and mechanism of miR-206 on the occurrence and development of osteoporosis. Methods 120 postmenopausal women were recruited, including 63 cases with OP and 57 women without OP. The levels of miR-206 were determined by qRT-PCR technology. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation of miR-206 with bone mineral density (BMD). An ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of miR-206 in osteoporosis. The effects of miR-206 on cell proliferation and cell apoptosis of hFOBs were measured by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Luciferase reporter gene assay was used to confirm the interaction of miR-206 and the 3′UTR of HDAC4. Results Serum miR-206 had low expression level in osteoporosis patient group compared with control group. The expression level of serum miR-206 had diagnostic value for osteoporosis, and the serum miR-206 levels were positively correlated with BMD. The down-regulated miR-206 could inhibit cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis. Luciferase analysis indicated that HDAC4 was the target gene of miR-206. Conclusions MiR-206 could be used as a new potential diagnostic biomarker for osteoporosis, and in in vitro cell experiments, miR-206 may regulate osteoblast cell proliferation and apoptosis by targeting HDAC4.
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13
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Tratwal J, Labella R, Bravenboer N, Kerckhofs G, Douni E, Scheller EL, Badr S, Karampinos DC, Beck-Cormier S, Palmisano B, Poloni A, Moreno-Aliaga MJ, Fretz J, Rodeheffer MS, Boroumand P, Rosen CJ, Horowitz MC, van der Eerden BCJ, Veldhuis-Vlug AG, Naveiras O. Reporting Guidelines, Review of Methodological Standards, and Challenges Toward Harmonization in Bone Marrow Adiposity Research. Report of the Methodologies Working Group of the International Bone Marrow Adiposity Society. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:65. [PMID: 32180758 PMCID: PMC7059536 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The interest in bone marrow adiposity (BMA) has increased over the last decade due to its association with, and potential role, in a range of diseases (osteoporosis, diabetes, anorexia, cancer) as well as treatments (corticosteroid, radiation, chemotherapy, thiazolidinediones). However, to advance the field of BMA research, standardization of methods is desirable to increase comparability of study outcomes and foster collaboration. Therefore, at the 2017 annual BMA meeting, the International Bone Marrow Adiposity Society (BMAS) founded a working group to evaluate methodologies in BMA research. All BMAS members could volunteer to participate. The working group members, who are all active preclinical or clinical BMA researchers, searched the literature for articles investigating BMA and discussed the results during personal and telephone conferences. According to the consensus opinion, both based on the review of the literature and on expert opinion, we describe existing methodologies and discuss the challenges and future directions for (1) histomorphometry of bone marrow adipocytes, (2) ex vivo BMA imaging, (3) in vivo BMA imaging, (4) cell isolation, culture, differentiation and in vitro modulation of primary bone marrow adipocytes and bone marrow stromal cell precursors, (5) lineage tracing and in vivo BMA modulation, and (6) BMA biobanking. We identify as accepted standards in BMA research: manual histomorphometry and osmium tetroxide 3D contrast-enhanced μCT for ex vivo quantification, specific MRI sequences (WFI and H-MRS) for in vivo studies, and RT-qPCR with a minimal four gene panel or lipid-based assays for in vitro quantification of bone marrow adipogenesis. Emerging techniques are described which may soon come to complement or substitute these gold standards. Known confounding factors and minimal reporting standards are presented, and their use is encouraged to facilitate comparison across studies. In conclusion, specific BMA methodologies have been developed. However, important challenges remain. In particular, we advocate for the harmonization of methodologies, the precise reporting of known confounding factors, and the identification of methods to modulate BMA independently from other tissues. Wider use of existing animal models with impaired BMA production (e.g., Pfrt-/-, KitW/W-v) and development of specific BMA deletion models would be highly desirable for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefine Tratwal
- Laboratory of Regenerative Hematopoiesis, Institute of Bioengineering and Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rossella Labella
- Tissue and Tumour Microenvironments Lab, The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nathalie Bravenboer
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Bone Quality, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Greet Kerckhofs
- Biomechanics Lab, Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Department Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eleni Douni
- Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Athens, Greece
| | - Erica L. Scheller
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Sammy Badr
- Univ. Lille, EA 4490 - PMOI - Physiopathologie des Maladies Osseuses Inflammatoires, Lille, France
- CHU Lille, Service de Radiologie et Imagerie Musculosquelettique, Lille, France
| | - Dimitrios C. Karampinos
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Beck-Cormier
- Inserm, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Université de Nantes, ONIRIS, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, UFR Odontologie, Nantes, France
| | - Biagio Palmisano
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Antonella Poloni
- Hematology, Department of Clinic and Molecular Science, Università Politecnica Marche-AOU Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria J. Moreno-Aliaga
- Centre for Nutrition Research and Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra's Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Centre of Biomedical Research Network, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jackie Fretz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Matthew S. Rodeheffer
- Department of Comparative Medicine and Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Parastoo Boroumand
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Clifford J. Rosen
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Scarborough, ME, United States
| | - Mark C. Horowitz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Bram C. J. van der Eerden
- Laboratory for Calcium and Bone Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Annegreet G. Veldhuis-Vlug
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Bone Quality, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Scarborough, ME, United States
- Jan van Goyen Medical Center/OLVG Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Annegreet G. Veldhuis-Vlug
| | - Olaia Naveiras
- Laboratory of Regenerative Hematopoiesis, Institute of Bioengineering and Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Hematology Service, Departments of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Olaia Naveiras ;
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14
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Schilperoort M, Bravenboer N, Lim J, Mletzko K, Busse B, van Ruijven L, Kroon J, Rensen PCN, Kooijman S, Winter EM. Circadian disruption by shifting the light-dark cycle negatively affects bone health in mice. FASEB J 2020; 34:1052-1064. [PMID: 31914701 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901929r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The past decade, it has become evident that circadian rhythms within metabolically active tissues are very important for physical health. However, although shift work has also been associated with an increased risk of fractures, circadian rhythmicity has not yet been extensively studied in bone. Here, we investigated which genes are rhythmically expressed in bone, and whether circadian disruption by shifts in light-dark cycle affects bone turnover and structure in mice. Our results demonstrate diurnal expression patterns of clock genes (Rev-erbα, Bmal1, Per1, Per2, Cry1, Clock), as well as genes involved in osteoclastogenesis, osteoclast proliferation and function (Rankl, Opg, Ctsk), and osteocyte function (c-Fos) in bone. Weekly alternating light-dark cycles disrupted rhythmic clock gene expression in bone and caused a reduction in plasma levels of procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP) and tartrate-resistant acidic phosphatase (TRAP), suggestive of a reduced bone turnover. These effects coincided with an altered trabecular bone structure and increased cortical mineralization after 15 weeks of light-dark cycles, which may negatively affect bone strength in the long term. Collectively, these results show that a physiological circadian rhythm is important to maintain bone health, which stresses the importance of further investigating the association between shift work and skeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike Schilperoort
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nathalie Bravenboer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Medicine, Center for Bone Quality, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joann Lim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kathrin Mletzko
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics (IOBM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Björn Busse
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics (IOBM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Leo van Ruijven
- Department of Functional Anatomy, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Kroon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth M Winter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Medicine, Center for Bone Quality, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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15
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Hambright WS, Niedernhofer LJ, Huard J, Robbins PD. Murine models of accelerated aging and musculoskeletal disease. Bone 2019; 125:122-127. [PMID: 30844492 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The primary risk factor for most musculoskeletal diseases, including osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and sarcopenia, is aging. To treat the diverse types of musculoskeletal diseases and pathologies, targeting their root cause, the aging process itself, has the potential to slow or prevent multiple age-related musculoskeletal conditions simultaneously. However, the development of approaches to delay onset of age related diseases, including musculoskeletal pathologies, has been slowed by the relatively long lifespan of rodent models of aging. Thus, to expedite the development of therapeutic approaches for age-related musculoskeletal disease, the implementation of mouse models of accelerated musculoskeletal aging are of great utility. Currently there are multiple genetically diverse mouse models that mirror certain aspects of normal human and mouse aging. Here, we provide a review of some of the most relevant murine models of accelerated aging that mimic many aspects of natural musculoskeletal aging, highlighting their relative strengths and weaknesses. Importantly, these murine models of accelerated aging recapitulate phenotypes of musculoskeletal age-related decline observed in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- William S Hambright
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Johnny Huard
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America; Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, United States of America.
| | - Paul D Robbins
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America.
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16
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Li H, Wei C, Zhou R, Wang B, Zhang Y, Shao C, Luo Y. Mouse models in modeling aging and cancer. Exp Gerontol 2019; 120:88-94. [PMID: 30876950 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Mouse models have been widely used in the research of human diseases. Aging, just as cancer, is influenced by the interaction of various genetic and environmental factors. Currently, aging could be induced by many mechanism, including telomere dysfunction, oxidase stress, DNA damage and epigenetic changes. Many of these genetic pathways are also shared by aging and cancer. The mouse models generated to study these pathways might manifest either aging or cancer phenotypes, sometimes both, which in deed has worked as a good model system in understanding the correlation between aging and cancer. Here, we reviewed these mouse models that were generated to model aging or cancer. These mouse models might help us put those related pathways in context and discover essential interactions in cancer and aging regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haili Li
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Lab of Molecular Genetics of Aging & Tumor, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Chuanyu Wei
- Lab of Molecular Genetics of Aging & Tumor, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Ruoyu Zhou
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Lab of Molecular Genetics of Aging & Tumor, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Boyuan Wang
- Lab of Molecular Genetics of Aging & Tumor, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Yongjin Zhang
- Lab of Molecular Genetics of Aging & Tumor, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Chihao Shao
- Lab of Molecular Genetics of Aging & Tumor, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Lab of Molecular Genetics of Aging & Tumor, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China.
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17
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Kiernan J, Davies JE, Stanford WL. Concise Review: Musculoskeletal Stem Cells to Treat Age-Related Osteoporosis. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6:1930-1939. [PMID: 28834263 PMCID: PMC6430063 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Age‐related (type‐II) osteoporosis is a common and debilitating condition driven in part by the loss of bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) and their osteoblast progeny, leading to reduced bone formation. Current pharmacological regiments targeting age‐related osteoporosis do not directly treat the disease by increasing bone formation, but instead use bisphosphonates to reduce bone resorption—a treatment designed for postmenopausal (type‐I) osteoporosis. Recently, the bone regenerative capacity of MSCs has been found within a very rare population of skeletal stem cells (SSCs) residing within the larger heterogeneous BM‐MSC pool. The osteoregenerative potential of SSCs would be an ideal candidate for cell‐based therapies to treat degenerative bone diseases such as osteoporosis. However, to date, clinical and translational studies attempting to improve bone formation through cell transplantation have used the larger, nonspecific, MSC pool. In this review, we will outline the physiological basis of age‐related osteoporosis, as well as discuss relevant preclinical studies that use exogenous MSC transplantation with the aim of treating osteoporosis in murine models. We will also discuss results from specific clinical trials aimed at treating other systemic bone diseases, and how the discovery of SSC could help realize the full regenerative potential of MSC therapy to increase bone formation. Finally, we will outline how ancillary clinical trials could be initiated to assess MSC/SSC‐mediated bone formation gains in existing and potentially unrelated clinical trials, setting the stage for a dedicated clinical investigation to treat age‐related osteoporosis. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:1930–1939
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Kiernan
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John E Davies
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - William L Stanford
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Departments of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, and Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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18
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Glucose tolerance female-specific QTL mapped in collaborative cross mice. Mamm Genome 2016; 28:20-30. [PMID: 27807798 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-016-9667-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Type-2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disease characterized by impaired glucose tolerance. Despite environmental high risk factors, host genetic background is a strong component of T2D development. Herein, novel highly genetically diverse strains of collaborative cross (CC) lines from mice were assessed to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with variations of glucose-tolerance response. In total, 501 mice of 58 CC lines were maintained on high-fat (42 % fat) diet for 12 weeks. Thereafter, an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) was performed for 180 min. Subsequently, the values of Area under curve for the glucose at zero and 180 min (AUC0-180), were measured, and used for QTL mapping. Heritability and coefficient of variations in glucose tolerance (CVg) were calculated. One-way analysis of variation was significant (P < 0.001) for AUC0-180 between the CC lines as well between both sexes. Despite Significant variations for both sexes, QTL analysis was significant, only for females, reporting a significant female-sex-dependent QTL (~2.5 Mbp) associated with IPGTT AUC0-180 trait, located on Chromosome 8 (32-34.5 Mbp, containing 51 genes). Gene browse revealed QTL for body weight/size, genes involved in immune system, and two main protein-coding genes involved in the Glucose homeostasis, Mboat4 and Leprotl1. Heritability and coefficient of genetic variance (CVg) were 0.49 and 0.31 for females, while for males, these values 0.34 and 0.22, respectively. Our findings demonstrate the roles of genetic factors controlling glucose tolerance, which significantly differ between sexes requiring independent studies for females and males toward T2D prevention and therapy.
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Abstract
Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and an increased risk of fracture. Genetic factors, environmental factors and gene-environment interactions all contribute to a person's lifetime risk of developing an osteoporotic fracture. This Review summarizes key advances in understanding of the genetics of bone traits and their role in osteoporosis. Candidate-gene approaches dominated this field 20 years ago, but clinical and preclinical genetic studies published in the past 5 years generally utilize more-sophisticated and better-powered genome-wide association studies (GWAS). High-throughput DNA sequencing, large genomic databases and improved methods of data analysis have greatly accelerated the gene-discovery process. Linkage analyses of single-gene traits that segregate in families with extreme phenotypes have led to the elucidation of critical pathways controlling bone mass. For example, components of the Wnt-β-catenin signalling pathway have been validated (in both GWAS and functional studies) as contributing to various bone phenotypes. These notable advances in gene discovery suggest that the next decade will witness cataloguing of the hundreds of genes that influence bone mass and osteoporosis, which in turn will provide a roadmap for the development of new drugs that target diseases of low bone mass, including osteoporosis.
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20
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Singh L, Brennan TA, Russell E, Kim JH, Chen Q, Brad Johnson F, Pignolo RJ. Aging alters bone-fat reciprocity by shifting in vivo mesenchymal precursor cell fate towards an adipogenic lineage. Bone 2016; 85:29-36. [PMID: 26805026 PMCID: PMC4792752 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow derived mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) play an important role in bone homeostasis. Age-related changes occur in bone resulting in a decrease in bone density and a relative increase in adipocity. Although in vitro studies suggest the existence of an age-related lineage switch between osteogenic and adipogenic fates, stem cell and microenvironmental contributions to this process have not been elucidated in vivo. In order to study the effects of MPC and microenvironmental aging on functional engraftment and lineage switching, transplantation studies were performed under non-myeloablative conditions in old recipients, with donor MPCs derived from young and old green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mice. Robust engraftment by young MPCs or their progeny was observed in the marrow, bone-lining region and in the matrix of young recipients; however, significantly lower engraftment was seen at the same sites in old recipients transplanted with old MPCs. Differentiation of transplanted MPCs strongly favored adipogenesis over osteogenesis in old recipients irrespective of MPC donor age, suggesting that microenvironmental alterations that occur with in vivo aging are predominately responsible for MPC lineage switching. These data indicate that aging alters bone-fat reciprocity and differentiation of mesenchymal progenitors towards an adipogenic fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshman Singh
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Tracy A Brennan
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Elizabeth Russell
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Jung-Hoon Kim
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Qijun Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - F Brad Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Robert J Pignolo
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
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21
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Abstract
Progeroid mouse models display phenotypes in multiple organ systems that suggest premature aging and resemble features of natural aging of both mice and humans. The prospect of a significant increase in the global elderly population within the next decades has led to the emergence of "geroscience," which aims at elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in aging. Progeroid mouse models are frequently used in geroscience as they provide insight into the molecular mechanisms that are involved in the highly complex process of natural aging. This review provides an overview of the most commonly reported nonneoplastic macroscopic and microscopic pathologic findings in progeroid mouse models (eg, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, degenerative joint disease, intervertebral disc degeneration, kyphosis, sarcopenia, cutaneous atrophy, wound healing, hair loss, alopecia, lymphoid atrophy, cataract, corneal endothelial dystrophy, retinal degenerative diseases, and vascular remodeling). Furthermore, several shortcomings in pathologic analysis and descriptions of these models are discussed. Progeroid mouse models are valuable models for aging, but thorough knowledge of both the mouse strain background and the progeria-related phenotype is required to guide interpretation and translation of the pathology data.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Harkema
- Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S A Youssef
- Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A de Bruin
- Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands Department of Pediatrics, Division of Molecular Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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22
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Lei P, Sun R, Wang L, Zhou J, Wan L, Zhou T, Hu Y. A New Method for Xenogeneic Bone Graft Deproteinization: Comparative Study of Radius Defects in a Rabbit Model. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0146005. [PMID: 26719896 PMCID: PMC4699924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Deproteinization is an indispensable process for the elimination of antigenicity in xenograft bones. However, the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) deproteinized xenograft, which is commonly used to repair bone defect, exhibits limited osteoinduction activity. The present study was designed to develop a new method for deproteinization and compare the osteogenic capacities of new pepsin deproteinized xenograft bones with those of conventional H2O2 deproteinized ones. Methods Bones were deproteinized in H2O2 or pepsin for 8 hours. The morphologies were compared by HE staining. The content of protein and collagen I were measured by the Kjeldahl method and HPLC-MS, respectively. The physical properties were evaluated by SEM and mechanical tests. For in vivo study, X-ray, micro-CT and HE staining were employed to monitor the healing processes of radius defects in rabbit models transplanted with different graft materials. Results Compared with H2O2 deproteinized bones, no distinct morphological and physical changes were observed. However, pepsin deproteinized bones showed a lower protein content, and a higher collagen content were preserved. In vivo studies showed that pepsin deproteinized bones exhibited better osteogenic performance than H2O2 deproteinized bones, moreover, the quantity and quality of the newly formed bones were improved as indicated by micro-CT analysis. From the results of histological examination, the newly formed bones in the pepsin group were mature bones. Conclusions Pepsin deproteinized xenograft bones show advantages over conventional H2O2 deproteinized bones with respect to osteogenic capacity; this new method may hold potential clinical value in the development of new biomaterials for bone grafting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Lei
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rongxin Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jialin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Thoracic hospital of Hunan province, Changsha, China
| | - Lifei Wan
- Department of Orthopedics, Ningxiang People's Hospital, Ningxiang, China
| | - Tianjian Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yihe Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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