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Guerra-Espinosa C, Jiménez-Fernández M, Sánchez-Madrid F, Serrador JM. ICAMs in Immunity, Intercellular Adhesion and Communication. Cells 2024; 13:339. [PMID: 38391953 PMCID: PMC10886500 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Interactions among leukocytes and leukocytes with immune-associated auxiliary cells represent an essential feature of the immune response that requires the involvement of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). In the immune system, CAMs include a wide range of members pertaining to different structural and functional families involved in cell development, activation, differentiation and migration. Among them, β2 integrins (LFA-1, Mac-1, p150,95 and αDβ2) are predominantly involved in homotypic and heterotypic leukocyte adhesion. β2 integrins bind to intercellular (I)CAMs, actin cytoskeleton-linked receptors belonging to immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF)-CAMs expressed by leukocytes and vascular endothelial cells, enabling leukocyte activation and transendothelial migration. β2 integrins have long been viewed as the most important ICAMs partners, propagating intracellular signalling from β2 integrin-ICAM adhesion receptor interaction. In this review, we present previous evidence from pioneering studies and more recent findings supporting an important role for ICAMs in signal transduction. We also discuss the contribution of immune ICAMs (ICAM-1, -2, and -3) to reciprocal cell signalling and function in processes in which β2 integrins supposedly take the lead, paying particular attention to T cell activation, differentiation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Guerra-Espinosa
- Immune System Development and Function Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María Jiménez-Fernández
- Immunology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (M.J.-F.); (F.S.-M.)
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 29029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Madrid
- Immunology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (M.J.-F.); (F.S.-M.)
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 29029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan M. Serrador
- Immune System Development and Function Unit, Centro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
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2
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Klaus T, Hieber C, Bros M, Grabbe S. Integrins in Health and Disease-Suitable Targets for Treatment? Cells 2024; 13:212. [PMID: 38334604 PMCID: PMC10854705 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Integrin receptors are heterodimeric surface receptors that play multiple roles regarding cell-cell communication, signaling, and migration. The four members of the β2 integrin subfamily are composed of an alternative α (CD11a-d) subunit, which determines the specific receptor properties, and a constant β (CD18) subunit. This review aims to present insight into the multiple immunological roles of integrin receptors, with a focus on β2 integrins that are specifically expressed by leukocytes. The pathophysiological role of β2 integrins is confirmed by the drastic phenotype of patients suffering from leukocyte adhesion deficiencies, most often resulting in severe recurrent infections and, at the same time, a predisposition for autoimmune diseases. So far, studies on the role of β2 integrins in vivo employed mice with a constitutive knockout of all β2 integrins or either family member, respectively, which complicated the differentiation between the direct and indirect effects of β2 integrin deficiency for distinct cell types. The recent generation and characterization of transgenic mice with a cell-type-specific knockdown of β2 integrins by our group has enabled the dissection of cell-specific roles of β2 integrins. Further, integrin receptors have been recognized as target receptors for the treatment of inflammatory diseases as well as tumor therapy. However, whereas both agonistic and antagonistic agents yielded beneficial effects in animal models, the success of clinical trials was limited in most cases and was associated with unwanted side effects. This unfavorable outcome is most probably related to the systemic effects of the used compounds on all leukocytes, thereby emphasizing the need to develop formulations that target distinct types of leukocytes to modulate β2 integrin activity for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Stephan Grabbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (T.K.); (C.H.); (M.B.)
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3
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Buffone A, Hammer DA, Kim SHJ, Anderson NR, Mochida A, Lee DH, Guin S. Not all (cells) who wander are lost: Upstream migration as a pervasive mode of amoeboid cell motility. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1291201. [PMID: 38020916 PMCID: PMC10651737 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1291201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukocytes possess the ability to migrate upstream-against the direction of flow-on surfaces of specific chemistry. Upstream migration was first characterized in vitro for T-cells on surfaces comprised of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Upstream migration occurs when the integrin receptor αLβ2 (also known as lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1, or LFA-1) binds to ICAM-1. LFA-1/ICAM-1 interactions are ubiquitous and are widely found in leukocyte trafficking. Upstream migration would be employed after cells come to arrest on the apical surface of the endothelium and might confer an advantage for both trans-endothelial migration and tissue surveillance. It has now been shown that several other motile amoeboid cells which have the responsibility of trafficking from blood vessels into tissues, such as Marginal zone B cells, hematopoietic stem cells, and neutrophils (when macrophage-1 antigen, Mac-1, is blocked), can also migrate upstream on ICAM-1 surfaces. This review will summarize what is known about the basic mechanisms of upstream migration, which cells have displayed this phenomenon, and the possible role of upstream migration in physiology and tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Buffone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States
- Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Daniel A. Hammer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sarah Hyun Ji Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | | | - Ai Mochida
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dong-Hun Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Subham Guin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States
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4
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Hu W, Gao W, Gong Y, Guo P, Li W, Shu X, Lü S, Zeng Z, Zhang Y, Long M. Trail Formation Alleviates Excessive Adhesion and Maintains Efficient Neutrophil Migration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:17577-17591. [PMID: 36976830 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Migrating neutrophils are found to leave behind subcellular trails in vivo, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, an in vitro cell migration test plus an in vivo observation was applied to monitor neutrophil migration on intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) presenting surfaces. Results indicated that migrating neutrophils left behind long-lasting, chemokine-containing trails. Trail formation tended to alleviate excessive cell adhesion enhanced by the trans-binding antibody and maintain efficient cell migration, which was associated with differential instantaneous edge velocity between the cell front and rear. CD11a and CD11b worked differently in inducing trail formation with polarized distributions on the cell body and uropod. Trail release at the cell rear was attributed to membrane ripping, in which β2-integrin was disrupted from the cell membrane through myosin-mediated rear contraction and integrin-cytoskeleton dissociation, potentiating a specialized strategy of integrin loss and cell deadhesion to maintain efficient migration. Moreover, neutrophil trails left on the substrate served as immune forerunners to recruit dendritic cells. These results provided an insight in elucidating the mechanisms of neutrophil trail formation and deciphering the roles of trail formation in efficient neutrophil migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Hu
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China
| | - Wenbo Gao
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yixin Gong
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pan Guo
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wang Li
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinyu Shu
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shouqin Lü
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhu Zeng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mian Long
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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5
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Bruserud Ø, Mosevoll KA, Bruserud Ø, Reikvam H, Wendelbo Ø. The Regulation of Neutrophil Migration in Patients with Sepsis: The Complexity of the Molecular Mechanisms and Their Modulation in Sepsis and the Heterogeneity of Sepsis Patients. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071003. [PMID: 37048076 PMCID: PMC10093057 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Common causes include gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria as well as fungi. Neutrophils are among the first cells to arrive at an infection site where they function as important effector cells of the innate immune system and as regulators of the host immune response. The regulation of neutrophil migration is therefore important both for the infection-directed host response and for the development of organ dysfunctions in sepsis. Downregulation of CXCR4/CXCL12 stimulates neutrophil migration from the bone marrow. This is followed by transmigration/extravasation across the endothelial cell barrier at the infection site; this process is directed by adhesion molecules and various chemotactic gradients created by chemotactic cytokines, lipid mediators, bacterial peptides, and peptides from damaged cells. These mechanisms of neutrophil migration are modulated by sepsis, leading to reduced neutrophil migration and even reversed migration that contributes to distant organ failure. The sepsis-induced modulation seems to differ between neutrophil subsets. Furthermore, sepsis patients should be regarded as heterogeneous because neutrophil migration will possibly be further modulated by the infecting microorganisms, antimicrobial treatment, patient age/frailty/sex, other diseases (e.g., hematological malignancies and stem cell transplantation), and the metabolic status. The present review describes molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of neutrophil migration; how these mechanisms are altered during sepsis; and how bacteria/fungi, antimicrobial treatment, and aging/frailty/comorbidity influence the regulation of neutrophil migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Øystein Bruserud
- Leukemia Research Group, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Section for Hematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Correspondence:
| | - Knut Anders Mosevoll
- Section for Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Section for Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Øyvind Bruserud
- Department for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Håkon Reikvam
- Leukemia Research Group, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Section for Hematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Øystein Wendelbo
- Section for Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Faculty of Health, VID Specialized University, Ulriksdal 10, 5009 Bergen, Norway
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6
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Grönloh MLB, Arts JJG, Palacios Martínez S, van der Veen AA, Kempers L, van Steen ACI, Roelofs JJTH, Nolte MA, Goedhart J, van Buul JD. Endothelial transmigration hotspots limit vascular leakage through heterogeneous expression of ICAM-1. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e55483. [PMID: 36382783 PMCID: PMC9827561 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon inflammation, leukocytes leave the circulation by crossing the endothelial monolayer at specific transmigration "hotspot" regions. Although these regions support leukocyte transmigration, their functionality is not clear. We found that endothelial hotspots function to limit vascular leakage during transmigration events. Using the photoconvertible probe mEos4b, we traced back and identified original endothelial transmigration hotspots. Using this method, we show that the heterogeneous distribution of ICAM-1 determines the location of the transmigration hotspot. Interestingly, the loss of ICAM-1 heterogeneity either by CRISPR/Cas9-induced knockout of ICAM-1 or equalizing the distribution of ICAM-1 in all endothelial cells results in the loss of TEM hotspots but not necessarily in reduced TEM events. Functionally, the loss of endothelial hotspots results in increased vascular leakage during TEM. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that the 3 extracellular Ig-like domains of ICAM-1 are crucial for hotspot recognition. However, the intracellular tail of ICAM-1 and the 4th Ig-like dimerization domain are not involved, indicating that intracellular signaling or ICAM-1 dimerization is not required for hotspot recognition. Together, we discovered that hotspots function to limit vascular leakage during inflammation-induced extravasation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max L B Grönloh
- Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Department of Molecular HematologySanquin Research and Landsteiner LaboratoryAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Section Molecular Cytology at Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced MicroscopyUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Janine J G Arts
- Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Department of Molecular HematologySanquin Research and Landsteiner LaboratoryAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Section Molecular Cytology at Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced MicroscopyUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Sebastián Palacios Martínez
- Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Department of Molecular HematologySanquin Research and Landsteiner LaboratoryAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Amerens A van der Veen
- Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Department of Molecular HematologySanquin Research and Landsteiner LaboratoryAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Lanette Kempers
- Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Department of Molecular HematologySanquin Research and Landsteiner LaboratoryAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Abraham C I van Steen
- Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Department of Molecular HematologySanquin Research and Landsteiner LaboratoryAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Joris J T H Roelofs
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesAmsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Martijn A Nolte
- Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Department of Molecular HematologySanquin Research and Landsteiner LaboratoryAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Joachim Goedhart
- Section Molecular Cytology at Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced MicroscopyUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jaap D van Buul
- Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Department of Molecular HematologySanquin Research and Landsteiner LaboratoryAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Section Molecular Cytology at Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced MicroscopyUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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7
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Boero E, Gorham RD, Francis EA, Brand J, Teng LH, Doorduijn DJ, Ruyken M, Muts RM, Lehmann C, Verschoor A, van Kessel KPM, Heinrich V, Rooijakkers SHM. Purified complement C3b triggers phagocytosis and activation of human neutrophils via complement receptor 1. Sci Rep 2023; 13:274. [PMID: 36609665 PMCID: PMC9822988 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27279-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The complement system provides vital immune protection against infectious agents by labeling them with complement fragments that enhance phagocytosis by immune cells. Many details of complement-mediated phagocytosis remain elusive, partly because it is difficult to study the role of individual complement proteins on target surfaces. Here, we employ serum-free methods to couple purified complement C3b onto E. coli bacteria and beads and then expose human neutrophils to these C3b-coated targets. We examine the neutrophil response using a combination of flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, luminometry, single-live-cell/single-target manipulation, and dynamic analysis of neutrophil spreading on opsonin-coated surfaces. We show that purified C3b can potently trigger phagocytosis and killing of bacterial cells via Complement receptor 1. Comparison of neutrophil phagocytosis of C3b- versus antibody-coated beads with single-bead/single-target analysis exposes a similar cell morphology during engulfment. However, bulk phagocytosis assays of C3b-beads combined with DNA-based quenching reveal that these are poorly internalized compared to their IgG1 counterparts. Similarly, neutrophils spread slower on C3b-coated compared to IgG-coated surfaces. These observations support the requirement of multiple stimulations for efficient C3b-mediated uptake. Together, our results establish the existence of a direct pathway of phagocytic uptake of C3b-coated targets and present methodologies to study this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Boero
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands ,grid.425088.3GSK, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Ronald D. Gorham
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands ,grid.417555.70000 0000 8814 392XSanofi, Waltham, MA 02451 USA
| | - Emmet A. Francis
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Jonathan Brand
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Lay Heng Teng
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Dennis J. Doorduijn
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje Ruyken
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Remy M. Muts
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Lehmann
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Admar Verschoor
- grid.15474.330000 0004 0477 2438Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Technische Universität München and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Kok P. M. van Kessel
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Volkmar Heinrich
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Suzan H. M. Rooijakkers
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
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8
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Bader A, Gao J, Rivière T, Schmid B, Walzog B, Maier-Begandt D. Molecular Insights Into Neutrophil Biology From the Zebrafish Perspective: Lessons From CD18 Deficiency. Front Immunol 2021; 12:677994. [PMID: 34557186 PMCID: PMC8453019 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.677994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are key players in innate immunity and originate from the bone marrow of the adult mammalian organism. In mammals, mature neutrophils are released from the bone marrow into the peripheral blood where they circulate until their recruitment to sites of inflammation in a multistep adhesion cascade. Here, adhesion molecules of the β2 integrin family (CD11/CD18) are critically required for the initial neutrophil adhesion to the inflamed endothelium and several post-adhesion steps allowing their extravasation into the inflamed tissue. Within the mammalian tissue, interstitial neutrophil migration can occur widely independent of β2 integrins. This is in sharp contrast to neutrophil recruitment in zebrafish larvae (Danio rerio) where neutrophils originate from the caudal hematopoietic tissue and mainly migrate interstitially to sites of lesion upon the early onset of inflammation. However, neutrophils extravasate from the circulation to the inflamed tissue in zebrafish larvae at later-time points. Although zebrafish larvae are a widely accepted model system to analyze neutrophil trafficking in vivo, the functional impact of β2 integrins for neutrophil trafficking during acute inflammation is completely unknown in this model. In this study, we generated zebrafish with a genetic deletion of CD18, the β subunit of β2 integrins, using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Sequence alignments demonstrated a high similarity of the amino acid sequences between zebrafish and human CD18 especially in the functionally relevant I-like domain. In addition, the cytoplasmic domain of CD18 harbors two highly conserved NXXF motifs suggesting that zebrafish CD18 may share functional properties of human CD18. Accordingly, CD18 knock-out (KO) zebrafish larvae displayed the key symptoms of patients suffering from leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) type I due to defects in ITGB2, the gene for CD18. Importantly, CD18 KO zebrafish larvae showed reduced neutrophil trafficking to sites of sterile inflammation despite the fact that an increased number of neutrophils was detectable in the circulation. By demonstrating the functional importance of CD18 for neutrophil trafficking in zebrafish larvae, our findings shed new light on neutrophil biology in vertebrates and introduce a new model organism for studying LAD type I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almke Bader
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jincheng Gao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Thibaud Rivière
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Bettina Schmid
- Fish Core Unit, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Walzog
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniela Maier-Begandt
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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9
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Erdei A, Kovács KG, Nagy-Baló Z, Lukácsi S, Mácsik-Valent B, Kurucz I, Bajtay Z. New aspects in the regulation of human B cell functions by complement receptors CR1, CR2, CR3 and CR4. Immunol Lett 2021; 237:42-57. [PMID: 34186155 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The involvement of complement in the regulation of antibody responses has been known for long. By now several additional B cell functions - including cytokine production and antigen presentation - have also been shown to be regulated by complement proteins. Most of these important activities are mediated by receptors interacting with activation fragments of the central component of the complement system C3, such as C3b, iC3b and C3d, which are covalently attached to antigens and immune complexes. This review summarizes the role of complement receptors interacting with these ligands, namely CR1 (CD35), CR2 (CD21), CR3 (CD11b/CD18) and CR4 (CD11c/CD18) expressed by B cells in health and disease. Although we focus on human B lymphocytes, we also aim to call the attention to important differences between human and mouse systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Erdei
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Kristóf G Kovács
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsa Nagy-Baló
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Lukácsi
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - István Kurucz
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsa Bajtay
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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10
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Sun H, Hu L, Fan Z. β2 integrin activation and signal transduction in leukocyte recruitment. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C308-C316. [PMID: 34133240 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00560.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Leukocyte recruitment is a critical step in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and immunological responses. Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are involved in controlling cell movements and the recruitment process, and the integrin family of CAMs plays a key role. During cell movement, integrin function is dynamically and precisely regulated. However, this balance might be broken under pathological conditions. Thus, the functional regulation and molecular mechanisms of integrins related to diseases are often a focus of research. Integrin β2 is one of the most commonly expressed integrins in leukocytes that mediate leukocyte adhesion and migration, and it plays an important role in immune responses and inflammation. In this review, we focus on specific functions of integrin β2 in leukocyte recruitment, the conformational changes and signal transduction of integrin β2 activation, the similarities between murine and human factors, and how new insights into these processes can inform future therapies for inflammation and immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Liang Hu
- Cardiovascular Institute of Zhengzhou University, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhichao Fan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut
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11
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Mezzomo TR, Martins CAF, da Silva Marcondes DB, Mischiatti KL, Weffort-Santos AM. Assessment of the Functional Activities of Casein Phosphopeptides on Circulating Blood Leukocytes. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10166-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Robert P, Biarnes-Pelicot M, Garcia-Seyda N, Hatoum P, Touchard D, Brustlein S, Nicolas P, Malissen B, Valignat MP, Theodoly O. Functional Mapping of Adhesiveness on Live Cells Reveals How Guidance Phenotypes Can Emerge From Complex Spatiotemporal Integrin Regulation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:625366. [PMID: 33898401 PMCID: PMC8058417 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.625366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune cells have the ubiquitous capability to migrate disregarding the adhesion properties of the environment, which requires a versatile adaptation of their adhesiveness mediated by integrins, a family of specialized adhesion proteins. Each subtype of integrins has several ligands and several affinity states controlled by internal and external stimuli. However, probing cell adhesion properties on live cells without perturbing cell motility is highly challenging, especially in vivo. Here, we developed a novel in vitro method using micron-size beads pulled by flow to functionally probe the local surface adhesiveness of live and motile cells. This method allowed a functional mapping of the adhesiveness mediated by VLA-4 and LFA-1 integrins on the trailing and leading edges of live human T lymphocytes. We show that cell polarization processes enhance integrin-mediated adhesiveness toward cell rear for VLA-4 and cell front for LFA-1. Furthermore, an inhibiting crosstalk of LFA-1 toward VLA-4 and an activating crosstalk of VLA-4 toward LFA-1 were found to modulate cell adhesiveness with a long-distance effect across the cell. These combined signaling processes directly support the bistable model that explains the emergence of the versatile guidance of lymphocyte under flow. Molecularly, Sharpin, an LFA-1 inhibitor in lymphocyte uropod, was found involved in the LFA-1 deadhesion of lymphocytes; however, both Sharpin and Myosin inhibition had a rather modest impact on adhesiveness. Quantitative 3D immunostaining identified high-affinity LFA-1 and VLA-4 densities at around 50 and 100 molecules/μm2 in basal adherent zones, respectively. Interestingly, a latent adhesiveness of dorsal zones was not grasped by immunostaining but assessed by direct functional assays with beads. The combination of live functional assays, molecular imaging, and genome editing is instrumental to characterizing the spatiotemporal regulation of integrin-mediated adhesiveness at molecular and cell scales, which opens a new perspective to decipher sophisticated phenotypes of motility and guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Robert
- LAI, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM U1067 Adhésion Cellulaires et lnflammation, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Martine Biarnes-Pelicot
- LAI, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM U1067 Adhésion Cellulaires et lnflammation, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Garcia-Seyda
- LAI, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM U1067 Adhésion Cellulaires et lnflammation, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Petra Hatoum
- LAI, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM U1067 Adhésion Cellulaires et lnflammation, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Dominique Touchard
- LAI, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM U1067 Adhésion Cellulaires et lnflammation, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Sophie Brustlein
- LAI, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM U1067 Adhésion Cellulaires et lnflammation, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Nicolas
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM U1104 Centre d'immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Bernard Malissen
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM U1104 Centre d'immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Valignat
- LAI, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM U1067 Adhésion Cellulaires et lnflammation, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Theodoly
- LAI, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM U1067 Adhésion Cellulaires et lnflammation, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
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13
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Grönloh MLB, Arts JJG, van Buul JD. Neutrophil transendothelial migration hotspots - mechanisms and implications. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:134/7/jcs255653. [PMID: 33795378 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.255653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
During inflammation, leukocytes circulating in the blood stream exit the vasculature in a process called leukocyte transendothelial migration (TEM). The current paradigm of this process comprises several well-established steps, including rolling, adhesion, crawling, diapedesis and sub-endothelial crawling. Nowadays, the role of the endothelium in transmigration is increasingly appreciated. It has been established that leukocyte exit sites on the endothelium and in the pericyte layer are in fact not random but instead may be specifically recognized by migrating leukocytes. Here, we review the concept of transmigration hotspots, specific sites in the endothelial and pericyte layer where most transmigration events take place. Chemokine cues, adhesion molecules and membrane protrusions as well as physical factors, such as endothelial junction stability, substrate stiffness, the presence of pericytes and basement membrane composition, may all contribute to local hotspot formation to facilitate leukocytes exiting the vasculature. In this Review, we discuss the biological relevance of such hotspots and put forward multiple mechanisms and factors that determine a functional TEM hotspot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max L B Grönloh
- Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Dept. Plasma proteins, Molecular and Cellular Homeostasis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1066CX, The Netherlands.,Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy (LCAM), Molecular Cytology section at Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (SILS) at University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - Janine J G Arts
- Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Dept. Plasma proteins, Molecular and Cellular Homeostasis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1066CX, The Netherlands.,Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy (LCAM), Molecular Cytology section at Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (SILS) at University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1066CX, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap D van Buul
- Molecular Cell Biology Lab, Dept. Plasma proteins, Molecular and Cellular Homeostasis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1066CX, The Netherlands .,Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy (LCAM), Molecular Cytology section at Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (SILS) at University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1066CX, The Netherlands
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14
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Rademakers T, Goedhart M, Hoogenboezem M, Ponce AG, van Rijssel J, Samus M, Schnoor M, Butz S, Huveneers S, Vestweber D, Nolte MA, Voermans C, van Buul JD. Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells use podosomes to transcellularly cross the bone marrow endothelium. Haematologica 2020; 105:2746-2756. [PMID: 33256374 PMCID: PMC7716366 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.196329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow endothelium plays an important role in the homing of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells upon transplantation, but surprisingly little is known on how the bone marrow endothelial cells regulate local permeability and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells transmigration. We show that temporal loss of vascular endothelial-cadherin function promotes vascular permeability in BM, even upon low-dose irradiation. Loss of vascular endothelial-cadherin function also enhances homing of transplanted hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells to the bone marrow of irradiated mice although engraftment is not increased. Intriguingly, stabilizing junctional vascular endothelial-cadherin in vivo reduced bone marrow permeability, but did not prevent hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells migration into the bone marrow, suggesting that hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells use the transcellular migration route to enter the bone marrow. Indeed, using an in vitro migration assay, we show that human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells predominantly cross bone marrow endothelium in a transcellular manner in homeostasis by inducing podosome-like structures. Taken together, vascular endothelial-cadherin is crucial for BM vascular homeostasis but dispensable for the homing of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. These findings are important in the development of potential therapeutic targets to improve hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell homing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Rademakers
- Department of Plasma Proteins, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke Goedhart
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mark Hoogenboezem
- Department of Plasma Proteins, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alexander García Ponce
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center of Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico-City, Mexico
| | - Jos van Rijssel
- Department of Plasma Proteins, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maryna Samus
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Munster, Germany
| | - Michael Schnoor
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center of Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico-City, Mexico
| | - Stefan Butz
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Munster, Germany
| | - Stephan Huveneers
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Martijn A. Nolte
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carlijn Voermans
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jaap D. van Buul
- Department of Plasma Proteins, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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15
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van Steen AC, van der Meer WJ, Hoefer IE, van Buul JD. Actin remodelling of the endothelium during transendothelial migration of leukocytes. Atherosclerosis 2020; 315:102-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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16
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Cai HQ, Weickert TW, Catts VS, Balzan R, Galletly C, Liu D, O'Donnell M, Shannon Weickert C. Altered levels of immune cell adhesion molecules are associated with memory impairment in schizophrenia and healthy controls. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 89:200-208. [PMID: 32540151 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased cytokines and increased intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1) found in the schizophrenia prefrontal cortex and in the blood may relate to cognitive deficits. Endothelial ICAM1 regulates immune cell trafficking into the brain by binding to integrins located on the surface of leukocytes. Whether the circulating levels of the main ICAM1 adhesion partners, lymphocyte-function associated antigen-1 (LFA1) and complement receptor 3 (CR3), both integrins, are altered in schizophrenia is unknown. Gene expressions of ICAM1, LFA1 and CR3 were measured in leukocytes from 86 schizophrenia patients and 77 controls. Participants were also administered cognitive testing to determine the extent to which cognitive ability was related to molecular measures of leukocyte adhesion. This cohort was previously stratified into inflammatory subgroups based on circulating cytokine mRNAs; thus, gene expressions were analysed by diagnosis and by inflammatory subgroups. Previously measured plasma ICAM1 protein was elevated in "high inflammation" schizophrenia compared to both "high" and "low inflammation" controls while ICAM1 mRNA was unchanged in leukocytes. LFA1 mRNA was decreased and CR3 mRNA was increased in leukocytes from people with schizophrenia compared to controls. LFA1 mRNA levels were positively correlated with working memory and elevated soluble ICAM1 was negatively correlated with verbal memory in schizophrenia. Altogether, some of the cognitive deficits in schizophrenia may be associated with altered expression of molecules that regulate immune cell trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Q Cai
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Thomas W Weickert
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Vibeke S Catts
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ryan Balzan
- Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia; College of Education, Psychology, and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Cherrie Galletly
- Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia; Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, Australia; Ramsay Health Care (SA) Mental Health, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Dennis Liu
- Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia; Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
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17
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Korde A, Ahangari F, Haslip M, Zhang X, Liu Q, Cohn L, Gomez JL, Chupp G, Pober JS, Gonzalez A, Takyar SS. An endothelial microRNA-1-regulated network controls eosinophil trafficking in asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 145:550-562. [PMID: 32035607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Airway eosinophilia is a prominent feature of asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), and the endothelium plays a key role in eosinophil trafficking. To date, microRNA-1 (miR-1) is the only microRNA known to be regulated in the lung endothelium in asthma models. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the role of endothelial miR-1 in allergic airway inflammation. METHODS We measured microRNA and mRNA expression using quantitative RT-PCR. We used ovalbumin and house dust mite models of asthma. Endothelium-specific overexpression of miR-1 was achieved through lentiviral vector delivery or induction of a transgene. Tissue eosinophilia was quantified by using Congo red and anti-eosinophil peroxidase staining. We measured eosinophil binding with a Sykes-Moore adhesion chamber. Target recruitment to RNA-induced silencing complex was assessed by using anti-Argonaute2 RNA immunoprecipitation. Surface P-selectin levels were measured by using flow cytometry. RESULTS Serum miR-1 levels had inverse correlations with sputum eosinophilia, airway obstruction, and number of hospitalizations in asthmatic patients and sinonasal tissue eosinophilia in patients with CRS. IL-13 stimulation decreased miR-1 levels in human lung endothelium. Endothelium-specific overexpression of miR-1 reduced airway eosinophilia and asthma phenotypes in murine models and inhibited IL-13-induced eosinophil binding to endothelial cells. miR-1 recruited P-selectin, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, eotaxin-3, and thrombopoietin receptor to the RNA-induced silencing complex; downregulated these genes in the lung endothelium; and reduced surface P-selectin levels in IL-13-stimulated endothelial cells. In our asthma and CRS cohorts, miR-1 levels correlated inversely with its target genes. CONCLUSION Endothelial miR-1 regulates eosinophil trafficking in the setting of allergic airway inflammation. miR-1 has therapeutic potential in asthmatic patients and patients with CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asawari Korde
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Farida Ahangari
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Maria Haslip
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn; Yale School of Nursing, Orange, Conn
| | - Xuchen Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Qing Liu
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Lauren Cohn
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Jose L Gomez
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Geoffrey Chupp
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Jordan S Pober
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | | | - Shervin S Takyar
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.
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18
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Teuben MPJ, Hofman M, Greven J, Shehu A, Teuber H, Pfeifer R, Pape HC, Hildebrand F. Altered cell surface receptor dynamics and circulatory occurrence of neutrophils in a small animal fracture model. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153108. [PMID: 32853946 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Excessive activation of the immune response after femoral fractures and fracture fixation is potentially associated with the development of systemic and local complications, particularly in multiple trauma patients. A dysregulated function of neutrophils, the most prevailing immune cells in circulation, has been discussed as a central pathophysiological background for these unfavourable post-traumatic courses. Our aim was to investigate alterations in activity and functionality as expressed by the cell surface receptor dynamics of circulatory neutrophils after femoral fracture and intramedullary stabilization. MATERIAL AND METHODS After intramedullary stabilization, an isolated femur fracture was induced in 18 Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals were terminated at different time points, i.e. after 3 (n = 5, group 3d), 7 (n = 5, group 7d) and 14 (n = 5, Group 14d) days and grouped accordingly. Additionally, baseline measurements were performed in one control animal per study group (n = 3) after anaesthesia induction and termination, without prior intramedullary nailing and fracture induction. The numbers and cell surface expression of CD11b, CD11a, CD62 L, and CD49d of circulating neutrophils were compared between groups. RESULTS Neutrophil numbers were significantly reduced at 3 days compared with baseline measurements (1.2 × 105 vs. 6.3 × 105 cells/mL, p < 0.01). By day 7, neutrophil counts significantly increased back to homeostatic levels (p < 0.05). At day 3, CD11b-expression was significantly reduced, whereas CD11a-expression was increased compared with the baseline measurements (p < 0.05). At day 7, the circulatory neutrophil pool exhibited a unique CD11bhigh/CD11ahigh-neutrophil subset showing a significantly increased co-expression of CD49d. The expression of CD62 L did not change significantly throughout the experiment compared with baseline measurements. CONCLUSIONS This descriptive small animal fracture study is the first to show that an intramedullary stabilized femur fracture is associated with a temporary reduction in circulatory neutrophil count and concurrent changes in circulatory neutrophil function. Moreover, we demonstrated that the restoration to homeostatic neutrophil activation status occurs concomitantly with the appearance of a novel neutrophil subtype (CD11bhigh/CD11ahigh) in circulation. Our fundamental new findings of the changes in circulatory neutrophil count and functionality after trauma form an excellent basis for future studies to further elucidate the role of neutrophils as activators and regulators of different post-traumatic processes, potentially resulting in local (e.g., fracture healing disturbances) or systemic (e.g., MODS) complications. This might result in the development of specific therapies to reduce adverse outcomes after trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel P J Teuben
- Department of Traumatology and Harald Tscherne Research Laboratory, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistraße 10, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Martijn Hofman
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Aachen Medical Center, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Johannes Greven
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Aachen Medical Center, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Alba Shehu
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Aachen Medical Center, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Henrik Teuber
- Department of Traumatology and Harald Tscherne Research Laboratory, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistraße 10, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Roman Pfeifer
- Department of Traumatology and Harald Tscherne Research Laboratory, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistraße 10, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Hans-Christoph Pape
- Department of Traumatology and Harald Tscherne Research Laboratory, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistraße 10, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Frank Hildebrand
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Aachen Medical Center, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
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19
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Understanding Molecules that Mediate Leukocyte Extravasation. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40139-020-00207-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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20
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Bednarczyk M, Stege H, Grabbe S, Bros M. β2 Integrins-Multi-Functional Leukocyte Receptors in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1402. [PMID: 32092981 PMCID: PMC7073085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
β2 integrins are heterodimeric surface receptors composed of a variable α (CD11a-CD11d) and a constant β (CD18) subunit and are specifically expressed by leukocytes. The α subunit defines the individual functional properties of the corresponding β2 integrin, but all β2 integrins show functional overlap. They mediate adhesion to other cells and to components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), orchestrate uptake of extracellular material like complement-opsonized pathogens, control cytoskeletal organization, and modulate cell signaling. This review aims to delineate the tremendous role of β2 integrins for immune functions as exemplified by the phenotype of LAD-I (leukocyte adhesion deficiency 1) patients that suffer from strong recurrent infections. These immune defects have been largely attributed to impaired migratory and phagocytic properties of polymorphonuclear granulocytes. The molecular base for this inherited disease is a functional impairment of β2 integrins due to mutations within the CD18 gene. LAD-I patients are also predisposed for autoimmune diseases. In agreement, polymorphisms within the CD11b gene have been associated with autoimmunity. Consequently, β2 integrins have received growing interest as targets in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Moreover, β2 integrin activity on leukocytes has been implicated in tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (H.S.); (S.G.)
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21
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Interleukin-1 β Enhances Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Adhesion Ability on Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells via LFA-1/ICAM-1 Interaction. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:7267142. [PMID: 31949440 PMCID: PMC6948307 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7267142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The migration of administered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to sites of injury via the bloodstream has been demonstrated. However, the underlying mechanisms of umbilical cord MSC adhesion to endothelial cells during transendothelial migration are still unclear. In this study, our data showed that IL-1β induced LFA-1 expression on MSCs and ICAM-1 expression on HUVECs. We then pretreated MSCs with protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide. The results showed that IL-1β induced LFA-1 expression on the surface of MSCs via the protein synthesis pathway. Through the p38 MAPK signaling pathway inhibitor SB 203580, we found that IL-1β induces the expression of LFA-1 through p38 MAPK signaling and enhances ICAM-1 expression in HUVECs. In addition, IL-1β-induced MSC adhesion to HUVECs was found to be inhibited by IL-1RA and the LFA-1 inhibitor lovastatin. These results indicate that IL-1β promotes the cell adhesion of MSCs to HUVECs through LFA-1/ICAM-1 interaction. We address the evidence that the cell adhesion mechanism of IL-1β promotes MSC adhesion to HUVECs. The implications of these findings could enhance the therapeutic potential of MSCs.
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22
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Buffone A, Anderson NR, Hammer DA. Human Neutrophils Will Crawl Upstream on ICAM-1 If Mac-1 Is Blocked. Biophys J 2019; 117:1393-1404. [PMID: 31585707 PMCID: PMC6817642 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The recruitment of neutrophils to sites of inflammatory insult is a hallmark of the innate immune response. Neutrophil recruitment is regulated by a multistep process that includes cell rolling, activation, adhesion, and transmigration through the endothelium commonly referred to as the leukocyte adhesion cascade. After selectin-mediated braking, neutrophils migrate along the activated vascular endothelium on which ligands, including intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), are expressed. Previous studies have shown that two cells that commonly home from blood vessel to tissue-T cells and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells-use the integrin lymphocyte functional antigen-1 (LFA-1) to migrate against the direction of shear flow once adherent on ICAM-1 surfaces. Like T cells and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, neutrophils express LFA-1, but they also express macrophage-1 antigen (Mac-1), which binds to ICAM-1. Previous reports have shown that neutrophils will not migrate against the direction of flow on ICAM-1, but we hypothesized this was due to the influence of Mac-1. Here, we report that both the HL-60 neutrophil-like cell line and primary human neutrophils can migrate against the direction of fluid flow on ICAM-1 surfaces via LFA-1 if Mac-1 is blocked; otherwise, they migrate downstream. We demonstrate this both on ICAM-1 surfaces and on activated endothelium. In sum, both LFA-1 and Mac-1 binding ICAM-1 play a critical role in determining the direction of neutrophil migration along the endothelium, and their interaction may play an important role in controlling neutrophil trafficking during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Buffone
- Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nicholas R Anderson
- Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel A Hammer
- Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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23
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Newe A, Rzeniewicz K, König M, Schroer CFE, Joachim J, Rey-Gallardo A, Marrink SJ, Deka J, Parsons M, Ivetic A. Serine Phosphorylation of L-Selectin Regulates ERM Binding, Clustering, and Monocyte Protrusion in Transendothelial Migration. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2227. [PMID: 31608057 PMCID: PMC6774396 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The migration of circulating leukocytes toward damaged tissue is absolutely fundamental to the inflammatory response, and transendothelial migration (TEM) describes the first cellular barrier that is breached in this process. Human CD14+ inflammatory monocytes express L-selectin, bestowing a non-canonical role in invasion during TEM. In vivo evidence supports a role for L-selectin in regulating TEM and chemotaxis, but the intracellular mechanism is poorly understood. The ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) proteins anchor transmembrane proteins to the cortical actin-based cytoskeleton and additionally act as signaling adaptors. During TEM, the L-selectin tail within transmigrating pseudopods interacts first with ezrin to transduce signals for protrusion, followed by moesin to drive ectodomain shedding of L-selectin to limit protrusion. Collectively, interaction of L-selectin with ezrin and moesin fine-tunes monocyte protrusive behavior in TEM. Using FLIM/FRET approaches, we show that ERM binding is absolutely required for outside-in L-selectin clustering. The cytoplasmic tail of human L-selectin contains two serine (S) residues at positions 364 and 367, and here we show that they play divergent roles in regulating ERM binding. Phospho-S364 blocks direct interaction with ERM, whereas molecular modeling suggests phospho-S367 likely drives desorption of the L-selectin tail from the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane to potentiate ERM binding. Serine-to-alanine mutagenesis of S367, but not S364, significantly reduced monocyte protrusive behavior in TEM under flow conditions. Our data propose a model whereby L-selectin tail desorption from the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane and ERM binding are two separable steps that collectively regulate protrusive behavior in TEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Newe
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, James Black Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Karolina Rzeniewicz
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, James Black Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Melanie König
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Carsten F E Schroer
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Justin Joachim
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, James Black Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Rey-Gallardo
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, James Black Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Siewert J Marrink
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jürgen Deka
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aleksandar Ivetic
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, James Black Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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24
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Hsu SY, Yu HY, Lee WC, Hsiao CE, Wu CL, Cheng HT, Lin LJ, Li F, Chou YT, Cheng JW. A novel CXCL8 analog is effective in inhibiting the growth via cell cycle arrest and attenuating invasion of Lewis lung carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:7611-7621. [PMID: 31571912 PMCID: PMC6754332 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s215824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Lung cancer and other solid tumors contain not only tumor cells but various types of stromal cells, such as fibroblasts and endothelial cells. In addition, tumors are infiltrated by inflammatory cells (neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes). Tumor cells, stromal cells, and the tumor-associated leukocytes are responsible for the production of chemokines inside the tumor and the maintenance of systemic circulating chemokine levels. CXCL8 and its receptors, CXCR1 and CXCR2, were found to play important roles in tumor proliferation, migration, survival, and growth. We have developed a novel ELR-CXC chemokine antagonist CXCL8-IP10 based on the structure of CXCL8 and IP10. Patients and methods We assessed the anticancer efficacies of the blockade of CXCL8-CXCR1/2 axis in the Lewis lung carcinoma (LL/2) model using CXCL8-IP10. Results We found that CXCL8-IP10 markedly reduced LL/2 cell anchorage-independent growth and invasion. Moreover, we demonstrated that CXCL8-IP10 could significantly suppress tumor growth and improve survival rate as well as lifespan of C57BL/6 mice inoculated with LL/2 cells. Conclusion Our results suggest that ELR-CXC chemokine antagonism would potentially be a useful therapeutic approach in patients with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Ya Hsu
- Department of Medical Science, Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yuan Yu
- Division of Cancer Research, Rise Biopharmaceuticals Inc., Zhongguancun Shangdi Bio-medical Park, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Department of Medical Science, Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chia-En Hsiao
- Department of Medical Science, Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Lung Wu
- Department of Medical Science, Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Tsung Cheng
- Division of Cancer Research, Rise Biopharmaceuticals Inc., Zhongguancun Shangdi Bio-medical Park, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Jin Lin
- Division of Cancer Research, Rise Biopharmaceuticals Inc., Zhongguancun Shangdi Bio-medical Park, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Immunology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ting Chou
- Department of Medical Science, Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Jya-Wei Cheng
- Department of Medical Science, Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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25
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Hyun YM, Choe YH, Park SA, Kim M. LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) and Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) distinctly regulate neutrophil extravasation through hotspots I and II. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-13. [PMID: 30967528 PMCID: PMC6456621 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0227-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise spatiotemporal regulation of leukocyte extravasation is key for generating an efficient immune response to injury or infection. The integrins LFA-1(CD11a/CD18) and Mac-1(CD11b/CD18) play overlapping roles in neutrophil migration because they bind the same as well as different ligands in response to extracellular signaling. Using two-photon intravital imaging and transmission electron microscopy, we observed the existence of preferred sites for neutrophil entrance into the endothelial cell monolayer and exit from the basement membrane and pericyte sheath during neutrophil extravasation, namely, hotspots I and II, by elucidating distinctive roles of LFA-1 and Mac-1. To penetrate the vascular endothelium, neutrophils must first penetrate the endothelial cell layer through hotspot I (i.e., the point of entry into the endothelium). Neutrophils frequently remain in the space between the endothelial cell layer and the basement membrane for a prolonged period (>20 min). Subsequently, neutrophils penetrate the basement membrane and pericyte sheath at hotspot II, which is the final stage of exiting the vascular endothelium. To further investigate the roles of LFA-1 and Mac-1, we newly generated LFA-1 FRET (CD11a-YFP/CD18-CFP) mice and Mac-1 FRET (CD11b-YFP/CD18-CFP) mice. Using both FRET mice, we were able to determine that LFA-1 and Mac-1 distinctly regulate the neutrophil extravasation cascade. Our data suggest that the vascular endothelium functions as a double-layered barrier in the steps of neutrophil extravasation. We propose that the harmonized regulation of neutrophil penetration through the endothelium via hotspots I and II may be critical for vascular homeostasis during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Min Hyun
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Ho Choe
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang A Park
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Minsoo Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
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26
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Trentini A, Murganti F, Rosta V, Cervellati C, Manfrinato MC, Spadaro S, Dallocchio F, Volta CA, Bellini T. Hydroxyethyl Starch 130/0.4 Binds to Neutrophils Impairing Their Chemotaxis through a Mac-1 Dependent Interaction. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040817. [PMID: 30769810 PMCID: PMC6413098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies showed that hydroxyethyl starch (HES), a synthetic colloid used in volume replacement therapies, interferes with leukocyte-endothelium interactions. Although still unclear, the mechanism seems to involve the inhibition of neutrophils' integrin. With the aim to provide direct evidence of the binding of HES to neutrophils and to investigate the influence of HES on neutrophil chemotaxis, we isolated and treated the cells with different concentrations of fluorescein-conjugated HES (HES-FITC), with or without different stimuli (N-Formylmethionine-leucyl-phenylalanine, fMLP, or IL-8). HES internalization was evaluated by trypan blue quenching and ammonium chloride treatment. Chemotaxis was evaluated by under-agarose assay after pretreatment of the cells with HES or a balanced saline solution. The integrin interacting with HES was identified by using specific blocking antibodies. Our results showed that HES-FITC binds to the plasma membrane of neutrophils without being internalized. Additionally, the cell-associated fluorescence increased after stimulation of neutrophils with fMLP (p < 0.01) but not IL-8. HES treatment impaired the chemotaxis only towards fMLP, event mainly ascribed to the inhibition of CD-11b (Mac-1 integrin) activity. Therefore, the observed effect mediated by HES should be taken into account during volume replacement therapies. Thus, HES treatment could be advantageous in clinical conditions where a low activation/recruitment of neutrophils may be beneficial, but may be harmful when unimpaired immune functions are mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Trentini
- Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Francesca Murganti
- Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
- Technische Universität Dresden, Research Center for Regenerative Therapies, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Valentina Rosta
- Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Carlo Cervellati
- Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Maria Cristina Manfrinato
- Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Savino Spadaro
- Section of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Franco Dallocchio
- Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Carlo Alberto Volta
- Section of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Bellini
- Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
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27
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Teschner D, Cholaszczyńska A, Ries F, Beckert H, Theobald M, Grabbe S, Radsak M, Bros M. CD11b Regulates Fungal Outgrowth but Not Neutrophil Recruitment in a Mouse Model of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis. Front Immunol 2019; 10:123. [PMID: 30778357 PMCID: PMC6369709 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
ß2 integrin receptors consist of an alpha subunit (CD11a-CD11d) and CD18 as the common beta subunit, and are differentially expressed by leukocytes. ß2 integrins are required for cell-cell interaction, transendothelial migration, uptake of opsonized pathogens, and cell signaling processes. Functional loss of CD18—termed leukocyte-adhesion deficiency type 1 (LAD1)—results in an immunocompromised state characterized by frequent occurrence of severe infections. In immunosuppressed individuals Aspergillus fumigatus is a frequent cause of invasive pulmonary fungal infection, and often occurs in patients suffering from LAD1. Here, we asked for the importance of CD11b/CD18 also termed MAC-1 which is required for phagocytosis of opsonized A. fumigatus conidia by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) for control of pulmonary A. fumigatus infection. We show that CD11b−/− mice infected with A. fumigatus were unaffected in long term survival, similar to wild type (WT) mice. However, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) performed 1 day after infection revealed a higher lung infiltration of PMN in case of infected CD11b−/− mice than observed for WT mice. BAL derived from infected CD11b−/− mice also contained a higher amount of leukocyte-attracting CCL5 chemokine, but lower amounts of proinflammatory innate cytokines. In accordance, lung tissue of A. fumigatus infected CD11b−/− mice was characterized by lower cellular inflammation, and a higher fungal burden. In agreement, CD11b−/−PMN exerted lower phagocytic activity on serum-opsonized A. fumigatus conidia than WT PMN in vitro. Our study shows that MAC-1 is required for effective clearance of A. fumigatus by infiltrating PMN, and the establishment of an inflammatory microenvironment in infected lung. Enhanced infiltration of CD11b−/− PMN may serve to compensate impaired PMN function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Teschner
- Department of Hematology, Medical Oncology and Pneumology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anna Cholaszczyńska
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Frederic Ries
- Department of Hematology, Medical Oncology and Pneumology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hendrik Beckert
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Medical Center Essen-Ruhrlandklinik, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Theobald
- Department of Hematology, Medical Oncology and Pneumology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Grabbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Markus Radsak
- Department of Hematology, Medical Oncology and Pneumology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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28
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Sermwittayawong D, Patninan K, Phothiphiphit S, Boonyarattanakalin S, Sermwittayawong N, Hutadilok-Towatana N. Purification, characterization, and biological activities of purified polysaccharides extracted from the gray oyster mushroom [Pleurotus sajor-caju
(Fr.) Sing.]. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Decha Sermwittayawong
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry; Prince of Songkla University; Hat Yai Thailand
| | - Kulwanit Patninan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry; Prince of Songkla University; Hat Yai Thailand
| | - Somruthai Phothiphiphit
- Schoolof Bio-Chemical Engineering and Technology; Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University; Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - Siwarutt Boonyarattanakalin
- Schoolof Bio-Chemical Engineering and Technology; Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University; Pathum Thani Thailand
| | | | - Nongporn Hutadilok-Towatana
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry; Prince of Songkla University; Hat Yai Thailand
- College of Oriental Medicine; Rangsit University; Pathum Thani Thailand
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29
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Thinn AMM, Wang Z, Zhu J. The membrane-distal regions of integrin α cytoplasmic domains contribute differently to integrin inside-out activation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5067. [PMID: 29568062 PMCID: PMC5864728 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23444-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Functioning as signal receivers and transmitters, the integrin α/β cytoplasmic tails (CT) are pivotal in integrin activation and signaling. 18 α integrin subunits share a conserved membrane-proximal region but have a highly diverse membrane-distal (MD) region at their CTs. Recent studies demonstrated that the presence of α CTMD region is essential for talin-induced integrin inside-out activation. However, it remains unknown whether the non-conserved α CTMD regions differently regulate the inside-out activation of integrin. Using αIIbβ3, αLβ2, and α5β1 as model integrins and by replacing their α CTMD regions with those of α subunits that pair with β3, β2, and β1 subunits, we analyzed the function of CTMD regions of 17 α subunits in talin-mediated integrin activation. We found that the α CTMD regions play two roles on integrin, which are activation-supportive and activation-regulatory. The regulatory but not the supportive function depends on the sequence identity of α CTMD region. A membrane-proximal tyrosine residue present in the CTMD regions of a subset of α integrins was identified to negatively regulate integrin inside-out activation. Our study provides a useful resource for investigating the function of α integrin CTMD regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aye Myat Myat Thinn
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Zhengli Wang
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Jieqing Zhu
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
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30
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Ivetic A. A head-to-tail view of L-selectin and its impact on neutrophil behaviour. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 371:437-453. [PMID: 29353325 PMCID: PMC5820395 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2774-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
L-selectin is a type I transmembrane cell adhesion molecule expressed on most circulating leukocytes, including neutrophils. Engagement of L-selectin with endothelial-derived ligands initiates neutrophil tethering and rolling behaviour along luminal walls of post-capillary venules, constituting the first step of the multi-step adhesion cascade. There is a large body of evidence to suggest that signalling downstream of L-selectin can influence neutrophil behaviour: adhesion, migration and priming. This review will cover aspects of L-selectin form and function and introduce the “triad of L-selectin regulation”, highlighting the inextricable links between adhesion, signalling and ectodomain shedding and also highlighting the cytosolic proteins that interconnect them. Recent advances in how L-selectin impacts priming, transendothelial migration (TEM) and cell polarity will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Ivetic
- BHF Centre for Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, James Black Centre 125, Coldharbour Lane, London, SE5 9NU, UK.
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31
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Non-identical twins: Different faces of CR3 and CR4 in myeloid and lymphoid cells of mice and men. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 85:110-121. [PMID: 29174917 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Integrins are cell membrane receptors that are involved in essential physiological and serious pathological processes. Their main role is to ensure a closely regulated link between the extracellular matrix and the intracellular cytoskeletal network enabling cells to react to environmental stimuli. Complement receptor type 3 (CR3, αMβ2, CD11b/CD18) and type 4 (CR4, αXβ2, CD11c/CD18) are members of the β2-integrin family expressed on most white blood cells. Both receptors bind multiple ligands like iC3b, ICAM, fibrinogen or LPS. β2-integrins are accepted to play important roles in cellular adhesion, migration, phagocytosis, ECM rearrangement and inflammation. Several pathological conditions are linked to the impaired functions of these receptors. CR3 and CR4 are generally thought to mediate overlapping functions in monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells, therefore the potential distinctive role of these receptors has not been investigated so far in satisfactory details. Lately it has become clear that a functional segregation has evolved between the two receptors regarding phagocytosis, cellular adhesion and podosome formation. In addition to their tasks on myeloid cells, the expression and function of CR3 and CR4 on lymphocytes have also gained interest recently. The picture is further complicated by the fact that while these β2-integrins are expressed by immune cells both in mice and humans, there are significant differences in their expression level, functions and the pathological consequences of genetic defects. Here we aim to summarize our current knowledge on CR3 and CR4 and highlight the functional differences between these receptors, involving their expression in myeloid and lymphoid cells of both men and mice.
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32
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Yipp BG, Kim JH, Lima R, Zbytnuik LD, Petri B, Swanlund N, Ho M, Szeto VG, Tak T, Koenderman L, Pickkers P, Tool ATJ, Kuijpers TW, van den Berg TK, Looney MR, Krummel MF, Kubes P. The Lung is a Host Defense Niche for Immediate Neutrophil-Mediated Vascular Protection. Sci Immunol 2017. [PMID: 28626833 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aam8929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bloodstream infection is a hallmark of sepsis, a medically emergent condition requiring rapid treatment. However, upregulation of host defense proteins through toll-like receptors and NFκB requires hours after endotoxin detection. Using confocal pulmonary intravital microscopy, we identified that the lung provides a TLR4-Myd88-and abl tyrosine kinase-dependent niche for immediate CD11b-dependent neutrophil responses to endotoxin and Gram-negative bloodstream pathogens. In an in vivo model of bacteremia, neutrophils crawled to and rapidly phagocytosed Escherichia coli sequestered to the lung endothelium. Therefore, the lung capillaries provide a vascular defensive niche whereby endothelium and neutrophils cooperate for immediate detection and capture of disseminating pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan G Yipp
- Department of Critical Care, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jung Hwan Kim
- Department of Critical Care, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ronald Lima
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lori D Zbytnuik
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Björn Petri
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Mouse Phenomics Resource Laboratory, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nick Swanlund
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - May Ho
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Vivian G Szeto
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Tamar Tak
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leo Koenderman
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Pickkers
- Department of Intensive Care, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anton T J Tool
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Taco W Kuijpers
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timo K van den Berg
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark R Looney
- Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, HSW512, California 94143-0511, USA
| | - Matthew F Krummel
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave, HSW512, San Francisco, California 94143-0511, USA
| | - Paul Kubes
- Department of Critical Care, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Mouse Phenomics Resource Laboratory, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Filifactor alocis Promotes Neutrophil Degranulation and Chemotactic Activity. Infect Immun 2016; 84:3423-3433. [PMID: 27647870 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00496-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Filifactor alocis is a recently recognized periodontal pathogen; however, little is known regarding its interactions with the immune system. As the first-responder phagocytic cells, neutrophils are recruited in large numbers to the periodontal pocket, where they play a crucial role in the innate defense of the periodontium. Thus, in order to colonize, successful periodontal pathogens must devise means to interfere with neutrophil chemotaxis and activation. In this study, we assessed major neutrophil functions, including degranulation and cell migration, associated with the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway upon challenge with F. alocis. Under conditions lacking a chemotactic gradient, F. alocis-challenged neutrophils had increased migration compared to uninfected cells, indicating that F. alocis increases chemokinesis in human neutrophils. In addition, neutrophil chemotaxis induced by interleukin-8 was significantly enhanced when cells were challenged with F. alocis, compared to noninfected cells. Similar to live bacteria, heat-killed F. alocis induced both random and directed migration of human neutrophils. The interaction of F. alocis with Toll-like receptor 2 induced granule exocytosis along with a transient ERK1/2 and sustained p38 MAPK activation. Moreover, F. alocis-induced secretory vesicle and specific granule exocytosis were p38 MAPK dependent. Blocking neutrophil degranulation with TAT-SNAP23 fusion protein significantly reduced the chemotactic and random migration induced by F. alocis Therefore, we propose that induction of random migration by F. alocis will prolong neutrophil traffic time in the gingival tissue, and subsequent degranulation will contribute to tissue damage.
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Hirschfeld J, Roberts HM, Chapple ILC, Parčina M, Jepsen S, Johansson A, Claesson R. Effects of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin on neutrophil migration and extracellular trap formation. J Oral Microbiol 2016; 8:33070. [PMID: 27834173 PMCID: PMC5103672 DOI: 10.3402/jom.v8.33070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aggressive periodontitis is associated with the presence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, a leukotoxin (Ltx)-producing periodontal pathogen. Ltx has the ability to lyse white blood cells including neutrophils. Objectives This study was aimed at investigating the interactions between neutrophils and Ltx with regard to the chemotactic properties of Ltx and the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Methods Neutrophils from healthy blood donors were isolated and incubated for 30 min and 3 h with increasing concentrations of Ltx (1, 10, and 100 ng/mL) as well as with A. actinomycetemcomitans strains (NCTC 9710 and HK 1651) producing different levels of Ltx. Formation of NETs and cell lysis were assessed by microscopy, fluorescence-based assays, and measurement of released lactate dehydrogenase. Neutrophil migration in response to different Ltx gradients was monitored by real-time video microscopy, and image analysis was performed using ImageJ software. Results Although Ltx (10 and 100 ng/mL) and the leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans strain HK 1651 lysed some neutrophils, other cells were still capable of performing NETosis in a concentration-dependent manner. Low doses of Ltx and the weakly leukotoxic strain NCTC 9710 did not lead to neutrophil lysis, but did induce some NETosis. Furthermore, all three concentrations of Ltx enhanced random neutrophil movement; however, low directional accuracy was observed compared with the positive control (fMLP). Conclusions The results indicate that Ltx acts both as a neutrophil activator and also causes cell death. In addition, Ltx directly induces NETosis in neutrophils prior to cell lysis. In future studies, the underlying pathways involved in Ltx-meditated neutrophil activation and NETosis need to be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefine Hirschfeld
- Periodontal Research Group, Birmingham Dental School & Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany;
| | - Helen M Roberts
- Periodontal Research Group, Birmingham Dental School & Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Iain L C Chapple
- Periodontal Research Group, Birmingham Dental School & Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Marijo Parčina
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Søren Jepsen
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anders Johansson
- Section Molecular Periodontology, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Rolf Claesson
- Section Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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The Neutrophil Btk Signalosome Regulates Integrin Activation during Sterile Inflammation. Immunity 2016; 44:73-87. [PMID: 26777396 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are recruited from the blood to sites of sterile inflammation, where they are involved in wound healing but can also cause tissue damage. During sterile inflammation, necrotic cells release pro-inflammatory molecules including formylated peptides. However, the signaling pathway triggered by formylated peptides to integrin activation and leukocyte recruitment is unknown. By using spinning-disk confocal intravital microscopy, we examined the molecular mechanisms of leukocyte recruitment to sites of focal hepatic necrosis in vivo. We demonstrated that the Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) was required for multiple Mac-1 activation events involved in neutrophil recruitment and functions during sterile inflammation triggered by fMLF. The Src family kinase Hck, Wiskott-Aldrich-syndrome protein, and phospholipase Cγ2 were also involved in this pathway required for fMLF-triggered Mac-1 activation and neutrophil recruitment. Thus, we have identified a neutrophil Btk signalosome that is involved in a signaling pathway triggered by formylated peptides leading to the selective activation of Mac-1 and neutrophil recruitment during sterile inflammation.
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36
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α-Synuclein, a chemoattractant, directs microglial migration via H2O2-dependent Lyn phosphorylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E1926-35. [PMID: 25825709 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1417883112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Malformed α-Synuclein (α-syn) aggregates in neurons are released into the extracellular space, activating microglia to induce chronic neuroinflammation that further enhances neuronal damage in α-synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson's disease. The mechanisms by which α-syn aggregates activate and recruit microglia remain unclear, however. Here we show that α-syn aggregates act as chemoattractants to direct microglia toward damaged neurons. In addition, we describe a mechanism underlying this directional migration of microglia. Specifically, chemotaxis occurs when α-syn binds to integrin CD11b, leading to H2O2 production by NADPH oxidase. H2O2 directly attracts microglia via a process in which extracellularly generated H2O2 diffuses into the cytoplasm and tyrosine protein kinase Lyn, phosphorylates the F-actin-associated protein cortactin after sensing changes in the microglial intracellular concentration of H2O2. Finally, phosphorylated cortactin mediates actin cytoskeleton rearrangement and facilitates directional cell migration. These findings have significant implications, given that α-syn-mediated microglial migration reaches beyond Parkinson's disease.
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37
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McDonald B, Kubes P. Interactions between CD44 and Hyaluronan in Leukocyte Trafficking. Front Immunol 2015; 6:68. [PMID: 25741341 PMCID: PMC4330908 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recruitment of leukocytes from the bloodstream to inflamed tissues requires a carefully regulated cascade of binding interactions between adhesion molecules on leukocytes and endothelial cells. Adhesive interactions between CD44 and hyaluronan (HA) have been implicated in the regulation of immune cell trafficking within various tissues. In this review, the biology of CD44–HA interactions in cell trafficking is summarized, with special attention to neutrophil recruitment within the liver microcirculation. We describe the molecular mechanisms that regulate adhesion between neutrophil CD44 and endothelial HA, including recent evidence implicating serum-derived hyaluronan-associated protein as an important co-factor in the binding of HA to CD44 under flow conditions. CD44–HA-mediated neutrophil recruitment has been shown to contribute to innate immune responses to invading microbes, as well as to the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases, including various liver pathologies. As a result, blockade of neutrophil recruitment by targeting CD44–HA interactions has proven beneficial as an anti-inflammatory treatment strategy in a number of animal models of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braedon McDonald
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada ; Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB , Canada
| | - Paul Kubes
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB , Canada
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38
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Germena G, Volmering S, Sohlbach C, Zarbock A. Mutation in the CD45 inhibitory wedge modulates integrin activation and leukocyte recruitment during inflammation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 194:728-38. [PMID: 25505282 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophil recruitment to the site of inflammation plays a pivotal role in host defense. Src family kinases (SFKs) activation is required for integrin and chemokine signaling as well as immune cell function. The receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase CD45 positively regulates chemoattractant signaling acting on SFK activity. To further investigate the role of CD45 in neutrophil recruitment and function, we analyzed transgenic mice carrying a single point mutation (CD45E613R), which constitutively activates CD45. By using intravital microscopy experiments, we demonstrated that different steps of the leukocyte recruitment cascade were affected in CD45E613R mutant mice. The rolling velocity of CD45E613R mutant neutrophils was decreased compared with wild-type neutrophils that subsequently resulted in an increased number of adherent cells. The analysis of β2 integrins LFA-1 and macrophage-1 Ag (Mac-1) showed that in CD45E613R mutant neutrophils LFA-1 adhesiveness was impaired, and avidity was enhanced, whereas Mac-1 adhesiveness was increased. Because of the increased Mac-1 adhesiveness, neutrophil crawling was impaired in CD45E613R mutant compared with wild-type neutrophils. In an Escherichia coli lung infection model, CD45E613R mice displayed a decreased neutrophil recruitment into the alveolar compartment, which resulted in an increased number of CFUs in the lung. Our data demonstrate that the CD45E613R mutation modulates integrin activation and leukocyte recruitment during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Germena
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; andMax-Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stephanie Volmering
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; andMax-Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Charlotte Sohlbach
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; andMax-Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Zarbock
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; andMax-Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Bednar F, Song C, Bardi G, Cornwell W, Rogers TJ. Cross-desensitization of CCR1, but not CCR2, following activation of the formyl peptide receptor FPR1. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2014; 192:5305-13. [PMID: 24778447 PMCID: PMC4035699 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The cross-regulation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) plays an important role in the immune response. Studies from several laboratories have suggested that a hierarchy of sensitivities to cross-desensitization exists for the chemoattractant GPCRs. We carried out experiments to study the capacity of the formyl peptide receptor-1 (FPR1) to desensitize chemokine receptors CCR1 and CCR2. Our results show that activation of FPR1 resulted in the desensitization and partial internalization of CCR1, but not CCR2, in both primary human monocytes and HEK293 cells coexpressing CCR1, CCR2, and FPR1 (HR1R2F cells). The desensitization of CCR1 by FPR1 stimulation was not due to the simple depletion of the Ca(2+) stores, but was dependent on activation of protein kinase C. Furthermore, we found that the cross-desensitization of CCR1 by FPR1 was associated with CCR1 phosphorylation and moderate reduction of CCR1 cell-surface expression. In contrast, CCR2 was not phosphorylated or internalized after FPR1 activation. Additional studies showed that optimal cross talk between FPR1 and CCR1 was dependent on the functional activity of protein kinase Cβ. These results provide a mechanistic basis for the capacity of certain GPCR ligands to exert rapid and selective cross-inactivation of other chemoattractant receptors, and suggest that FPR1 is able to exert "traffic control" in the migration of inflammatory cells by rapidly inhibiting the cell responses to potentially "low-priority" chemoattractants such as CCR1 agonists without inhibiting the response to "higher priority" CCR2 chemoattractants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Bednar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140; and
| | - Changcheng Song
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Giuseppe Bardi
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - William Cornwell
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Thomas J Rogers
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140
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Moving towards a paradigm: common mechanisms of chemotactic signaling in Dictyostelium and mammalian leukocytes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:3711-47. [PMID: 24846395 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1638-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chemotaxis, or directed migration of cells along a chemical gradient, is a highly coordinated process that involves gradient sensing, motility, and polarity. Most of our understanding of chemotaxis comes from studies of cells undergoing amoeboid-type migration, in particular the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum and leukocytes. In these amoeboid cells the molecular events leading to directed migration can be conceptually divided into four interacting networks: receptor/G protein, signal transduction, cytoskeleton, and polarity. The signal transduction network occupies a central position in this scheme as it receives direct input from the receptor/G protein network, as well as feedback from the cytoskeletal and polarity networks. Multiple overlapping modules within the signal transduction network transmit the signals to the actin cytoskeleton network leading to biased pseudopod protrusion in the direction of the gradient. The overall architecture of the networks, as well as the individual signaling modules, is remarkably conserved between Dictyostelium and mammalian leukocytes, and the similarities and differences between the two systems are the subject of this review.
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41
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Pichert A, Schlorke D, Franz S, Arnhold J. Functional aspects of the interaction between interleukin-8 and sulfated glycosaminoglycans. BIOMATTER 2014; 2:142-8. [PMID: 23507865 PMCID: PMC3549867 DOI: 10.4161/biom.21316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
During the immune response, the cytokine interleukin 8 (IL-8, CXCL8) functions as a strong chemoattractant for polymorphonuclear leukocytes helping to direct these cells to infected/injured sites. This review focuses on the interaction of IL-8 with sulfated glycosaminoglycans expressed on cell surfaces and the extracellular matrix. This interaction contributes to the recruitment of polymorphonuclear cells from blood, penetration of these cells through the vessel wall, and their directed migration to inflammatory sites. Regulatory aspects of the interplay between IL-8 and heparan sulfate, the most abundant glycosaminoglycan, are highlighted. In this field, the large natural heterogeneity of glycosaminoglycans represents a great challenge that impedes the modeling of IL-8 functions. The interaction of IL-8 with newly developed artificial sulfated hyaluronan derivatives is also considered as these artificial substrates are an important tool for development of new materials in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelie Pichert
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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42
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Orden S, De Pablo C, Rios-Navarro C, Martinez-Cuesta MA, Peris JE, Barrachina MD, Esplugues JV, Alvarez A. Efavirenz induces interactions between leucocytes and endothelium through the activation of Mac-1 and gp150,95. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013; 69:995-1004. [PMID: 24275118 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkt468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The potential cardiovascular (CV) toxicity associated with combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has been attributed mainly to the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors abacavir and didanosine. However, the other two components of cART--non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and protease inhibitors (PIs)--may also be implicated, either directly or by influencing the action of the other drugs. This study evaluates the acute direct effects of the NNRTIs efavirenz and nevirapine and one of the most widely employed PIs, lopinavir, on leucocyte-endothelium interactions, a hallmark of CV disease. METHODS Drugs were analysed in vitro in human cells (interactions of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear or mononuclear cells with human umbilical vein endothelial cells) using a flow chamber system, and in vivo in rat mesenteric vessels by means of intravital microscopy. The expression of adhesion molecules in leucocytes and endothelial cells was studied by flow cytometry, and the role of these molecules in white cell recruitment was evaluated by pre-treating human cells or rats with blocking antibodies. RESULTS Efavirenz and nevirapine, but not lopinavir, increased the rolling flux and adhesion of leucocytes in vitro and in vivo while inducing emigration in rat venules. Efavirenz, but not nevirapine, augmented the levels of CD11b, CD11c and CD18 in neutrophils and monocytes. The actions of efavirenz, but not of nevirapine, were reversed by antibodies against Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18), gp150,95 (CD11c/CD18) or ICAM-1 (CD54). CONCLUSIONS NNRTIs, but not PIs, interfere with leucocyte-endothelial interactions. However, differences between efavirenz and nevirapine suggest a specific CV profile for each compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Orden
- Departamento de Farmacología and CIBERehd, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Thacker RI, Retzinger AC, Cash JG, Dentler MD, Retzinger GS. Extracellular transport of cell-size particles and tumor cells by dendritic cells in culture. Exp Mol Pathol 2013; 95:385-91. [PMID: 24145002 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Many particulate materials of sizes approximating that of a cell disseminate after being introduced into the body. While some move about within phagocytic inflammatory cells, others appear to move about outside of, but in contact with, such cells. In this report, we provide unequivocal photomicroscopic evidence that cultured, mature, human dendritic cells can transport in extracellular fashion over significant distances both polymeric beads and tumor cells. At least in the case of polymeric beads, both fibrinogen and the β2-integrin subunit, CD18, appear to play important roles in the transport process. These discoveries may yield insight into a host of disease-related phenomena, including and especially tumor cell invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert I Thacker
- Amnis Corporation, EMD-Millipore, Seattle, WA 98119, United States
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44
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Lorenz N, Clow F, Radcliff FJ, Fraser JD. Full functional activity of SSL7 requires binding of both complement C5 and IgA. Immunol Cell Biol 2013; 91:469-76. [PMID: 23797068 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2013.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 05/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen responsible for a range of diseases, from local skin infections through to life-threatening illnesses such as toxic shock syndrome. S. aureus produces an assortment of molecules designed to evade or subvert the host immune system. One example is the 23 kDa staphylococcal superantigen-like protein 7 (SSL7) that simultaneously binds immunoglobulin A (IgA) and complement C5 to inhibit complement-mediated hemolytic and bactericidal activity. The avirulent bacterium Lactococcus lactis was engineered to express SSL7 so that its role in bacterial survival could be assessed without interference from other virulence factors. Expression of SSL7 by L. lactis led to significantly enhanced bacterial survival in whole human blood and prevented the membrane attack complex (C5b-9) forming on the cell wall. To further understand the mechanism of action of SSL7, the activity of wild-type SSL7 protein was compared with a panel of mutant proteins lacking the capacity to bind IgA, C5, or both IgA and C5. SSL7 potently inhibited in vitro chemotaxis of inflammatory myeloid cells in response to a pathogenic stimulus and when injected into mice, SSL7 blocked the migration of neutrophils into the peritoneum in response to an inoculum of heat-killed S. aureus. Mutagenesis of the C5-binding site on SSL7 abolished all inhibitory activity, while mutation of the IgA-binding site had only partial effects, indicating that while IgA binding enhances activity it is not essential. SSL7 is an important staphylococcal virulence factor with potent anti-inflammatory properties, which are mediated by targeting complement C5 and IgA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Lorenz
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Medical Sciences and Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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45
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Transendothelial migration enables subsequent transmigration of neutrophils through underlying pericytes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60025. [PMID: 23555870 PMCID: PMC3608600 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
During acute inflammation, neutrophil recruitment into extravascular tissue requires neutrophil tethering and rolling on cytokine-activated endothelial cells (ECs), tight adhesion, crawling towards EC junctions and transendothelial migration (TEM). Following TEM, neutrophils must still traverse the subendothelial basement membrane and network of pericytes (PCs). Until recently, the contribution of the PC layer to neutrophil recruitment was largely ignored. Here we analyze human neutrophil interactions with interleukin (IL)-1β-activated human EC monolayers, PC monolayers and EC/PC bilayers in vitro. Compared to EC, PC support much lower levels of neutrophil binding (54.6% vs. 7.1%, respectively) and transmigration (63.7 vs. 8.8%, respectively) despite comparable levels of IL-8 (CXCL8) synthesis and display. Remarkably, EC/PC bilayers support intermediate levels of transmigration (37.7%). Neutrophil adhesion to both cell types is Mac-1-dependent and while ICAM-1 transduction of PCs increases neutrophil adhesion to (41.4%), it does not increase transmigration through PC monolayers. TEM, which increases neutrophil Mac-1 surface expression, concomitantly increases the ability of neutrophils to traverse PCs (19.2%). These data indicate that contributions from both PCs and ECs must be considered in evaluation of microvasculature function in acute inflammation.
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Li N, Mao D, Lü S, Tong C, Zhang Y, Long M. Distinct binding affinities of Mac-1 and LFA-1 in neutrophil activation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 190:4371-81. [PMID: 23514737 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1201374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage-1 Ag (Mac-1) and lymphocyte function-associated Ag-1 (LFA-1), two β2 integrins expressed on neutrophils (PMNs), mediate PMN recruitment cascade by binding to intercellular adhesive molecule 1. Distinct functions of LFA-1-initiating PMN slow rolling and firm adhesion but Mac-1-mediating cell crawling are assumed to be governed by the differences in their binding affinities and kinetic rates. In this study, we applied an adhesion frequency approach to compare their kinetics in the quiescent and activated states using three molecular systems, constitutively expressed receptors on PMNs, wild-type and high-affinity (HA) full-length constructs transfected on 293T cells, and wild-type and HA recombinant extracellular constructs. Data indicate that the difference in binding affinity between Mac-1 and LFA-1 is on-rate dominated with slightly or moderately varied off-rate. This finding was further confirmed when both β2 integrins were activated by chemokines (fMLF or IL-8), divalent cations (Mg(2+) or Mn(2+)), or disulfide bond lockage on an HA state. Structural analyses reveal that such the kinetics difference is likely attributed to the distinct conformations at the interface of Mac-1 or LFA-1 and intercellular adhesive molecule 1. This work furthers the understandings in the kinetic differences between Mac-1 and LFA-1 and in their biological correlations with molecular activation and structural bases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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CXCR1/CXCR2 antagonism is effective in pulmonary defense against Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:720975. [PMID: 23586055 PMCID: PMC3613076 DOI: 10.1155/2013/720975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Revised: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae-associated pathology is largely mediated by neutrophilic inflammation. In this study, we administered Klebsiella pneumoniae to experimental guinea pig groups and the ELR-CXC chemokine antagonist CXCL8(3–72), ceftazidime, and dexamethasone to different groups, respectively. After 24 h, we assessed the animal's pulmonary inflammatory levels, including gross histopathology, airway neutrophilia, lung myeloperoxidase levels, expressions of CXCL8 and TNF, and airway bacterial loads. Compared with ceftazidime and dexamethasone treatments, the administration of the ELR-CXC chemokine antagonist CXCL8(3–72) alone was more effective than other methods, although it did not markedly attenuate the bacterial load. These results suggest new methods for the treatment of Klebsiella pneumoniae pathology.
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Pharmacological inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases affects KC/CXCL1-induced intraluminal crawling, transendothelial migration, and chemotaxis of neutrophils in vivo. Mediators Inflamm 2013; 2013:290565. [PMID: 23533303 PMCID: PMC3603207 DOI: 10.1155/2013/290565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling is critical in the pathophysiology of a variety of inflammatory processes. Leukocyte recruitment to the site of inflammation is a multistep process governed by specific signalling cascades. After adhesion in the lumen, many leukocytes crawl to optimal sites at endothelial junctions and transmigrate to extravascular tissue in a Mac-1-dependent manner. The signalling mechanisms that regulate postadhesion steps of intraluminal crawling, transmigration, and chemotaxis in tissue remain incompletely understood. The present study explored the effect of p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 on various parameters of neutrophil recruitment triggered by chemokine KC (CXCL1) gradient. Neutrophil-endothelial interactions in microvasculature of murine cremaster muscle were determined using intravital microscopy and time-lapsed video analysis. SB203580 (100 nM) did not change leukocyte rolling but significantly attenuated neutrophil adhesion, emigration, and transmigration and impaired the initiation of neutrophil crawling and transmigration. In response to KC chemotactic gradient, SB203580 significantly reduced the velocity of migration and chemotaxis index of neutrophils in tissue. The upregulation of Mac-1 expression in neutrophils stimulated by KC was significantly blunted by SB203580 in vitro. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that pharmacological suppression of p38 MAPK significantly impairs multiple steps of neutrophil recruitment in vivo.
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van Golen RF, van Gulik TM, Heger M. The sterile immune response during hepatic ischemia/reperfusion. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2012; 23:69-84. [PMID: 22609105 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2012.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia and reperfusion elicits an immune response that lacks a microbial constituent yet poses a potentially lethal threat to the host. In this sterile setting, the immune system is alarmed by endogenous danger signals that are release by stressed and dying liver cells. The detection of these immunogenic messengers by sentinel leukocyte populations constitutes the proximal trigger for a self-perpetuating cycle of inflammation, in which consecutive waves of cytokines and chemokines orchestrate the influx of various leukocyte subsets that ultimately confer tissue destruction. This review focuses on the temporal organization of sterile hepatic inflammation, using surgery-induced trauma as a template disease state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowan F van Golen
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Comas-Casellas E, Martínez-Barriocanal Á, Miró F, Ejarque-Ortiz A, Schwartz S, Martín M, Sayós J. Cloning and characterization of CD300d, a novel member of the human CD300 family of immune receptors. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:9682-9693. [PMID: 22291008 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.279224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we present the cloning and molecular characterization of CD300d, a member of the human CD300 family of immune receptors. CD300d cDNA was cloned from RNA obtained from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and RT-PCR revealed the gene to be expressed in cells of myeloid lineage. The cloned cDNA encoded for a type I protein with a single extracellular Ig V-type domain and a predicted molecular mass of 21.5 kDa. The short cytoplasmic tail is lacking in any known signaling motif, but there is a negatively charged residue (glutamic acid) within the transmembrane domain. CD300d forms complexes with the CD300 family members, with the exception of CD300c. Contrary to other activating members of the CD300 family of receptors, surface expression of CD300d in COS-7-transfected cells required the presence of an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activating motif-bearing adaptor (FcεRγ). Accordingly, we found that CD300d was able to recruit FcεRγ. Unexpectedly, we could not detect CD300d on the surface of cells expressing FcεRγ, suggesting the existence of unknown mechanisms regulating the trafficking of this molecule. The presence of other CD300 molecules also did not modify the intracellular expression of CD300d. In fact, the presence of CD300d decreased the levels of surface expression of CD300f but not CD300c. Our data suggest that the function of CD300d would be related to the regulation of the expression of other CD300 molecules and the composition of CD300 complexes on the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Comas-Casellas
- Immunobiology Group, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine Program, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08035, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - Águeda Martínez-Barriocanal
- Immunobiology Group, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine Program, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08035, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona 08035, Spain,.
| | - Francesc Miró
- Gene Translation Laboratory, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona 08028, Spain, and
| | - Aroa Ejarque-Ortiz
- Immunobiology Group, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine Program, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08035, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - Simo Schwartz
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona 08035, Spain,; Drug Delivery and Targeting Group, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine Program, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - Margarita Martín
- Biochemistry Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Joan Sayós
- Immunobiology Group, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine Program, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08035, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona 08035, Spain,.
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