1
|
Donta MS, Srivastava Y, Di Mauro CM, Paulucci-Holthauzen A, Waxham MN, McCrea PD. p120-catenin subfamily members have distinct as well as shared effects on dendrite morphology during neuron development in vitro. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1151249. [PMID: 37082208 PMCID: PMC10112520 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1151249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic arborization is essential for proper neuronal connectivity and function. Conversely, abnormal dendrite morphology is associated with several neurological pathologies like Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. Among major intrinsic mechanisms that determine the extent of the dendritic arbor is cytoskeletal remodeling. Here, we characterize and compare the impact of the four proteins involved in cytoskeletal remodeling-vertebrate members of the p120-catenin subfamily-on neuronal dendrite morphology. In relation to each of their own distributions, we find that p120-catenin and delta-catenin are expressed at relatively higher proportions in growth cones compared to ARVCF-catenin and p0071-catenin; ARVCF-catenin is expressed at relatively high proportions in the nucleus; and all catenins are expressed in dendritic processes and the soma. Through altering the expression of each p120-subfamily catenin in neurons, we find that exogenous expression of either p120-catenin or delta-catenin correlates with increased dendritic length and branching, whereas their respective depletion decreases dendritic length and branching. While increasing ARVCF-catenin expression also increases dendritic length and branching, decreasing expression has no grossly observable morphological effect. Finally, increasing p0071-catenin expression increases dendritic branching, but not length, while decreasing expression decreases dendritic length and branching. These distinct localization patterns and morphological effects during neuron development suggest that these catenins have both shared and distinct roles in the context of dendrite morphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxsam S. Donta
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yogesh Srivastava
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Christina M. Di Mauro
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - M. Neal Waxham
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Program in Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Pierre D. McCrea
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Program in Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lessey LR, Robinson SC, Chaudhary R, Daniel JM. Adherens junction proteins on the move—From the membrane to the nucleus in intestinal diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:998373. [PMID: 36274850 PMCID: PMC9581404 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.998373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The function and structure of the mammalian epithelial cell layer is maintained by distinct intercellular adhesion complexes including adherens junctions (AJs), tight junctions, and desmosomes. The AJ is most integral for stabilizing cell-cell adhesion and conserving the structural integrity of epithelial tissues. AJs are comprised of the transmembrane protein E-cadherin and cytoplasmic catenin cofactors (α, β, γ, and p120-catenin). One organ where malfunction of AJ is a major contributor to disease states is the mammalian intestine. In the intestine, cell-cell adhesion complexes work synergistically to maintain structural integrity and homeostasis of the epithelium and prevent its malfunction. Consequently, when AJ integrity is compromised in the intestinal epithelium, the ensuing homeostatic disruption leads to diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal carcinoma. In addition to their function at the plasma membrane, protein components of AJs also have nuclear functions and are thus implicated in regulating gene expression and intracellular signaling. Within the nucleus, AJ proteins have been shown to interact with transcription factors such as TCF/LEF and Kaiso (ZBTB33), which converge on the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. The multifaceted nature of AJ proteins highlights their complexity in modulating homeostasis and emphasizes the importance of their subcellular localization and expression in the mammalian intestine. In this review, we summarize the nuclear roles of AJ proteins in intestinal tissues; their interactions with transcription factors and how this leads to crosstalk with canonical Wnt signaling; and how nuclear AJ proteins are implicated in intestinal homeostasis and disease.
Collapse
|
3
|
Lim R, Banerjee A, Biswas R, Chari AN, Raghavan S. Mechanotransduction through adhesion molecules: Emerging roles in regulating the stem cell niche. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:966662. [PMID: 36172276 PMCID: PMC9511051 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.966662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells have been shown to play an important role in regenerative medicine due to their proliferative and differentiation potential. The challenge, however, lies in regulating and controlling their potential for this purpose. Stem cells are regulated by growth factors as well as an array of biochemical and mechanical signals. While the role of biochemical signals and growth factors in regulating stem cell homeostasis is well explored, the role of mechanical signals has only just started to be investigated. Stem cells interact with their niche or to other stem cells via adhesion molecules that eventually transduce mechanical cues to maintain their homeostatic function. Here, we present a comprehensive review on our current understanding of the influence of the forces perceived by cell adhesion molecules on the regulation of stem cells. Additionally, we provide insights on how this deeper understanding of mechanobiology of stem cells has translated toward therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Lim
- A∗STAR Skin Research Lab (ASRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Avinanda Banerjee
- A∗STAR Skin Research Lab (ASRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ritusree Biswas
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), GKVK Campus, Bangalore, India
- Sastra University, Thanjavur, TN, India
| | - Anana Nandakumar Chari
- A∗STAR Skin Research Lab (ASRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Srikala Raghavan
- A∗STAR Skin Research Lab (ASRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), GKVK Campus, Bangalore, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bhattacharyya S, Mote RD, Freimer JW, Tiwari M, Singh SB, Arumugam S, Narayana YV, Rajan R, Subramanyam D. Cell-cell adhesions in embryonic stem cells regulate the stability and transcriptional activity of β-catenin. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:1647-1660. [PMID: 35344589 PMCID: PMC10156795 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
E-cadherin (CDH1) is involved in maintaining cell-cell adhesions in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). However, its function in the context of cell fate decisions is largely unknown. Using mouse ESCs (mESCs), we demonstrate that E-cadherin and β-catenin interact at the membrane and continue to do so upon internalization within the cell. Cdh1-/- mESCs failed to form tight colonies, with altered differentiation marker expression, and retention of pluripotency factors during differentiation. Interestingly, Cdh1-/- mESCs showed dramatically reduced β-catenin levels. Transcriptional profiling of Cdh1-/- mESCs displayed a significant alteration in the expression of a subset of β-catenin targets in a cell state- and GSK3β-dependent manner. Our findings hint at hitherto unknown roles played by E-cadherin in regulating the activity of β-catenin in ESCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sinjini Bhattacharyya
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road.,SP Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road
| | - Ridim D Mote
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road
| | - Jacob W Freimer
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Mahak Tiwari
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road.,SP Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road
| | - Surya Bansi Singh
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road.,SP Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road
| | | | - Yadavalli V Narayana
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind Road.,SP Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road
| | - Raghav Rajan
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, 411008
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
A catenin of the plakophilin-subfamily, Pkp3, responds to canonical-Wnt pathway components and signals. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 563:31-39. [PMID: 34058472 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Vertebrate beta-catenin plays a key role as a transducer of canonical-Wnt signals. We earlier reported that, similar to beta-catenin, the cytoplasmic signaling pool of p120-catenin-isoform1 is stabilized in response to canonical-Wnt signals. To obtain a yet broader view of the Wnt-pathway's impact upon catenin proteins, we focused upon plakophilin3 (plakophilin-3; Pkp3) as a representative of the plakophilin-catenin subfamily. Promoting tissue integrity, the plakophilins assist in linking desmosomal cadherins to intermediate filaments at desmosome junctions, and in common with other catenins they perform additional functions including in the nucleus. In this report, we test whether canonical-Wnt pathway components modulate Pkp3 protein levels. We find that in common with beta-catenin and p120-catenin-isoform1, Pkp3 is stabilized in the presence of a Wnt-ligand or a dominant-active form of the LRP6 receptor. Pkp3's levels are conversely lowered upon expressing destruction-complex components such as GSK3β and Axin, and in further likeness to beta-catenin and p120-isoform1, Pkp3 associates with GSK3beta and Axin. Finally, we note that Pkp3-catenin trans-localizes into the nucleus in response to Wnt-ligand and its exogenous expression stimulates an accepted Wnt reporter. These findings fit an expanded model where context-dependent Wnt-signals or pathway components modulate Pkp3-catenin levels. Future studies will be needed to assess potential gene regulatory, cell adhesive, or cytoskeletal effects.
Collapse
|
6
|
Baumert R, Ji H, Paulucci-Holthauzen A, Wolfe A, Sagum C, Hodgson L, Arikkath J, Chen X, Bedford MT, Waxham MN, McCrea PD. Novel phospho-switch function of delta-catenin in dendrite development. J Cell Biol 2021; 219:152151. [PMID: 33007084 PMCID: PMC7534926 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201909166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In neurons, dendrites form the major sites of information receipt and integration. It is thus vital that, during development, the dendritic arbor is adequately formed to enable proper neural circuit formation and function. While several known processes shape the arbor, little is known of those that govern dendrite branching versus extension. Here, we report a new mechanism instructing dendrites to branch versus extend. In it, glutamate signaling activates mGluR5 receptors to promote Ckd5-mediated phosphorylation of the C-terminal PDZ-binding motif of delta-catenin. The phosphorylation state of this motif determines delta-catenin's ability to bind either Pdlim5 or Magi1. Whereas the delta:Pdlim5 complex enhances dendrite branching at the expense of elongation, the delta:Magi1 complex instead promotes lengthening. Our data suggest that these complexes affect dendrite development by differentially regulating the small-GTPase RhoA and actin-associated protein Cortactin. We thus reveal a "phospho-switch" within delta-catenin, subject to a glutamate-mediated signaling pathway, that assists in balancing the branching versus extension of dendrites during neural development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Baumert
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.,Program in Neuroscience, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, TX
| | - Hong Ji
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Aaron Wolfe
- Computational Biology and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Cari Sagum
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX
| | - Louis Hodgson
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology and Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | | | - Xiaojiang Chen
- Computational Biology and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Mark T Bedford
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX.,Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, TX
| | - M Neal Waxham
- Program in Neuroscience, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, TX.,Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX
| | - Pierre D McCrea
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.,Program in Neuroscience, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, TX.,Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, TX
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Faux MC, King LE, Kane SR, Love C, Sieber OM, Burgess AW. APC regulation of ESRP1 and p120-catenin isoforms in colorectal cancer cells. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 32:120-130. [PMID: 33237836 PMCID: PMC8120691 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-05-0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor protein is associated with the regulation of Wnt signaling; however, APC also controls other cellular processes including the regulation of cell adhesion and migration. The expression of full-length APC in SW480 colorectal cancer cells (SW480+APC) not only reduces Wnt signaling, but increases membrane E-cadherin and restores cell–cell adhesion. This report describes the effects of full-length, wild-type APC (fl-APC) on cell–cell adhesion genes and p120-catenin isoform switching in SW480 colon cancer cells: fl-APC increased the expression of genes implicated in cell–cell adhesion, whereas the expression of negative regulators of E-cadherin was decreased. Analysis of cell–cell adhesion-related proteins in SW480+APC cells revealed an increase in p120-catenin isoform 3A; similarly, depletion of APC altered the p120-catenin protein isoform profile. Expression of ESRP1 (epithelial splice regulatory protein 1) is increased in SW480+APC cells, and its depletion results in reversion to the p120-catenin isoform 1A phenotype and reduced cell–cell adhesion. The ESRP1 transcript is reduced in primary colorectal cancer, and its expression correlates with the level of APC. Pyrvinium pamoate, which inhibits Wnt signaling, promotes ESRP1 expression. We conclude that re-expression of APC restores the cell–cell adhesion gene and posttranscriptional regulatory programs leading to p120-catenin isoform switching and associated changes in cell–cell adhesion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maree C Faux
- Personalised Oncology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Lauren E King
- Personalised Oncology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Serena R Kane
- Personalised Oncology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Christopher Love
- Personalised Oncology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Oliver M Sieber
- Personalised Oncology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Antony W Burgess
- Personalised Oncology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xiang Z, Zhou S, Liang S, Zhang G, Tan Y. RCOR1 directly binds to MED28 and weakens its inducing effect on cancer stem cell‐like activity of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma cells. J Oral Pathol Med 2020; 49:741-750. [PMID: 32306431 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Xiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Shijie Zhou
- Cancer Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Yinghui Tan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University Chongqing China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Venhuizen JH, Jacobs FJ, Span PN, Zegers MM. P120 and E-cadherin: Double-edged swords in tumor metastasis. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 60:107-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
10
|
García de Herreros A, Duñach M. Intracellular Signals Activated by Canonical Wnt Ligands Independent of GSK3 Inhibition and β-Catenin Stabilization. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101148. [PMID: 31557964 PMCID: PMC6829497 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to non-canonical ligands, canonical Wnts promote the stabilization of β-catenin, which is a prerequisite for formation of the TCF4/β-catenin transcriptional complex and activation of its target genes. This pathway is initiated by binding of Wnt ligands to the Frizzled/LRP5/6 receptor complex, and it increases the half-life of β-catenin by precluding the phosphorylation of β-catenin by GSK3 and its binding to the βTrCP1 ubiquitin ligase. Other intercellular signals are also activated by Wnt ligands that do not inhibit GSK3 and increase β-catenin protein but that either facilitate β-catenin transcriptional activity or stimulate other transcriptional factors that cooperate with it. In this review, we describe the layers of complexity of these signals and discuss their crosstalk with β-catenin in activation of transcriptional targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio García de Herreros
- Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Unidad Asociada CSIC, and Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mireia Duñach
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, CEB, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jung HG, Hwang YS, Park YH, Cho HY, Rengaraj D, Han JY. Role of Epigenetic Regulation by the REST/CoREST/HDAC Corepressor Complex of Moderate NANOG Expression in Chicken Primordial Germ Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:1215-1225. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Gyo Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sun Hwang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Hyun Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Yeon Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Deivendran Rengaraj
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xie Z, Tang Y, Man MQ, Shrestha C, Bikle DD. p120-catenin is required for regulating epidermal proliferation, differentiation, and barrier function. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:427-432. [PMID: 29923340 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
p120-catenin (p120) is an important regulator in the function and stability of E-cadherin. However, the role of p120 in the epidermis is unclear. Previous studies have shown that globally knockout of p120 caused increased epidermal proliferation but little changes in epidermal differentiation and permeability. In the present study, we generated a conditional knockout mouse model and examined epidermal proliferation, differentiation and permeability. The results showed that conditional knockout of p120 in the epidermis caused not only increased epidermal proliferation but also decreased epidermal differentiation and increased permeability. These data suggest that p120 is required for suppressing epidermal proliferation, promoting epidermal differentiation and maintaining permeability barrier function of the epidermis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjian Xie
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China.,Endocrine Unit, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northern California Institute for Research and Education and University of California, San Francisco, California.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Tang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Mao-Qiang Man
- Dermatology Services, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Chandrama Shrestha
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Daniel D Bikle
- Endocrine Unit, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northern California Institute for Research and Education and University of California, San Francisco, California
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bruner HC, Derksen PWB. Loss of E-Cadherin-Dependent Cell-Cell Adhesion and the Development and Progression of Cancer. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2018; 10:a029330. [PMID: 28507022 PMCID: PMC5830899 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a029330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Classical cadherins are the key molecules that control cell-cell adhesion. Notwithstanding this function, it is also clear that classical cadherins are more than just the "glue" that keeps the cells together. Cadherins are essential regulators of tissue homeostasis that govern multiple facets of cellular function and development, by transducing adhesive signals to a complex network of signaling effectors and transcriptional programs. In cancer, cadherins are often inactivated or functionally inhibited, resulting in disease development and/or progression. This review focuses on E-cadherin and its causal role in the development and progression of breast and gastric cancer. We provide a summary of the biochemical consequences and consider the conceptual impact of early (mutational) E-cadherin loss in cancer. We advocate that carcinomas driven by E-cadherin loss should be considered "actin-diseases," caused by the specific disruption of the E-cadherin-actin connection and a subsequent dependence on sustained actomyosin contraction for tumor progression. Based on the available data from mouse and human studies we discuss opportunities for targeted clinical intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heather C Bruner
- Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Patrick W B Derksen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584CX, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kourtidis A, Lu R, Pence LJ, Anastasiadis PZ. A central role for cadherin signaling in cancer. Exp Cell Res 2017; 358:78-85. [PMID: 28412244 PMCID: PMC5544584 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cadherins are homophilic adhesion molecules with important functions in cell-cell adhesion, tissue morphogenesis, and cancer. In epithelial cells, E-cadherin accumulates at areas of cell-cell contact, coalesces into macromolecular complexes to form the adherens junctions (AJs), and associates via accessory partners with a subcortical ring of actin to form the apical zonula adherens (ZA). As a master regulator of the epithelial phenotype, E-cadherin is essential for the overall maintenance and homeostasis of polarized epithelial monolayers. Its expression is regulated by a host of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms related to cancer, and its function is modulated by mechanical forces at the junctions, by direct binding and phosphorylation of accessory proteins collectively termed catenins, by endocytosis, recycling and degradation, as well as, by multiple signaling pathways and developmental processes, like the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Nuclear signaling mediated by the cadherin associated proteins β-catenin and p120 promotes growth, migration and pluripotency. Receptor tyrosine kinase, PI3K/AKT, Rho GTPase, and HIPPO signaling, are all regulated by E-cadherin mediated cell-cell adhesion. Finally, the recruitment of the microprocessor complex to the ZA by PLEKHA7, and the subsequent regulation of a small subset of miRNAs provide an additional mechanism by which the state of epithelial cell-cell adhesion affects translation of target genes to maintain the homeostasis of polarized epithelial monolayers. Collectively, the data indicate that loss of E-cadherin function, especially at the ZA, is a common and crucial step in cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonis Kourtidis
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Ruifeng Lu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Lindy J Pence
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Panos Z Anastasiadis
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yuan L, Arikkath J. Functional roles of p120ctn family of proteins in central neurons. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 69:70-82. [PMID: 28603076 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cadherin-catenin complex in central neurons is associated with a variety of cytosolic partners, collectively called catenins. The p120ctn members are a family of catenins that are distinct from the more ubiquitously expressed α- and β-catenins. It is becoming increasingly clear that the functional roles of the p120ctn family of catenins in central neurons extend well beyond their functional roles in non-neuronal cells in partnering with cadherin to regulate adhesion. In this review, we will provide an overview of the p120ctn family in neurons and their varied functional roles in central neurons. Finally, we will examine the emerging roles of this family of proteins in neurodevelopmental disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States; Developmental Neuroscience, Munroe-Meyer Institute, Durham Research Center II, Room 3031, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985960 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5960, United States.
| | - Jyothi Arikkath
- Developmental Neuroscience, Munroe-Meyer Institute, Durham Research Center II, Room 3031, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985960 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5960, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Duñach M, Del Valle-Pérez B, García de Herreros A. p120-catenin in canonical Wnt signaling. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 52:327-339. [PMID: 28276699 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2017.1295920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Canonical Wnt signaling controls β-catenin protein stabilization, its translocation to the nucleus and the activation of β-catenin/Tcf-4-dependent transcription. In this review, we revise and discuss the recent results describing actions of p120-catenin in different phases of this pathway. More specifically, we comment its involvement in four different steps: (i) the very early activation of CK1ɛ, essential for Dvl-2 binding to the Wnt receptor complex; (ii) the internalization of GSK3 and Axin into multivesicular bodies, necessary for a complete stabilization of β-catenin; (iii) the activation of Rac1 small GTPase, required for β-catenin translocation to the nucleus; and (iv) the release of the inhibitory action caused by Kaiso transcriptional repressor. We integrate these new results with the previously known action of other elements in this pathway, giving a particular relevance to the responses of the Wnt pathway not required for β-catenin stabilization but for β-catenin transcriptional activity. Moreover, we discuss the possible future implications, suggesting that the two cellular compartments where β-catenin is localized, thus, the adherens junction complex and the Wnt signalosome, are more physically connected that previously thought.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Duñach
- a Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, CEB, Facultat de Medicina , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra , Spain
| | - Beatriz Del Valle-Pérez
- a Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, CEB, Facultat de Medicina , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra , Spain
| | - Antonio García de Herreros
- b Programa de Recerca en Càncer , Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM) , Barcelona , Spain.,c Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut , Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Barcelona , Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pieters T, Goossens S, Haenebalcke L, Andries V, Stryjewska A, De Rycke R, Lemeire K, Hochepied T, Huylebroeck D, Berx G, Stemmler MP, Wirth D, Haigh JJ, van Hengel J, van Roy F. p120 Catenin-Mediated Stabilization of E-Cadherin Is Essential for Primitive Endoderm Specification. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006243. [PMID: 27556156 PMCID: PMC4996431 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion is critical for naive pluripotency of cultured mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). E-cadherin-depleted mESC fail to downregulate their pluripotency program and are unable to initiate lineage commitment. To further explore the roles of cell adhesion molecules during mESC differentiation, we focused on p120 catenin (p120ctn). Although one key function of p120ctn is to stabilize and regulate cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion, it has many additional functions, including regulation of transcription and Rho GTPase activity. Here, we investigated the role of mouse p120ctn in early embryogenesis, mESC pluripotency and early fate determination. In contrast to the E-cadherin-null phenotype, p120ctn-null mESCs remained pluripotent, but their in vitro differentiation was incomplete. In particular, they failed to form cystic embryoid bodies and showed defects in primitive endoderm formation. To pinpoint the underlying mechanism, we undertook a structure-function approach. Rescue of p120ctn-null mESCs with different p120ctn wild-type and mutant expression constructs revealed that the long N-terminal domain of p120ctn and its regulatory domain for RhoA were dispensable, whereas its armadillo domain and interaction with E-cadherin were crucial for primitive endoderm formation. We conclude that p120ctn is not only an adaptor and regulator of E-cadherin, but is also indispensable for proper lineage commitment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Pieters
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven Goossens
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lieven Haenebalcke
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Vanessa Andries
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Agata Stryjewska
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Celgen), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Riet De Rycke
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kelly Lemeire
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tino Hochepied
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Danny Huylebroeck
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Celgen), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geert Berx
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marc P. Stemmler
- Department of Molecular Embryology, Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Experimental Medicine I, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dagmar Wirth
- Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jody J. Haigh
- Mammalian Functional Genetics Laboratory, Division of Blood Cancers, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Department of Clinical Haematology, Monash University and Alfred Health Alfred Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jolanda van Hengel
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- * E-mail: (JvH); (FvR)
| | - Frans van Roy
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- * E-mail: (JvH); (FvR)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shao W, Zumer K, Fujinaga K, Peterlin BM. FBXO3 Protein Promotes Ubiquitylation and Transcriptional Activity of AIRE (Autoimmune Regulator). J Biol Chem 2016; 291:17953-63. [PMID: 27365398 PMCID: PMC5016183 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.724401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The autoimmune regulator (AIRE) is a transcription factor which is expressed in medullary thymic epithelial cells. It directs the expression of otherwise tissue-specific antigens, which leads to the elimination of autoreactive T cells during development. AIRE is modified post-translationally by phosphorylation and ubiquitylation. In this report we connected these modifications. AIRE, which is phosphorylated on two specific residues near its N terminus, then binds to the F-box protein 3 (FBXO3) E3 ubiquitin ligase. In turn, this SCF(FBXO3) (SKP1-CUL1-F box) complex ubiquitylates AIRE, increases its binding to the positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb), and potentiates its transcriptional activity. Because P-TEFb is required for the transition from initiation to elongation of transcription, this interaction ensures proper expression of AIRE-responsive tissue-specific antigens in the thymus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shao
- From the Departments of Medicine, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-07030703 and
| | - Kristina Zumer
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biology, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Koh Fujinaga
- From the Departments of Medicine, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-07030703 and
| | - B Matija Peterlin
- From the Departments of Medicine, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-07030703 and
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tsigelny IF, Kouznetsova VL, Lian N, Kesari S. Molecular mechanisms of OLIG2 transcription factor in brain cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:53074-53101. [PMID: 27447975 PMCID: PMC5288170 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte lineage transcription factor 2 (OLIG2) plays a pivotal role in glioma development. Here we conducted a comprehensive study of the critical gene regulatory networks involving OLIG2. These include the networks responsible for OLIG2 expression, its translocation to nucleus, cell cycle, epigenetic regulation, and Rho-pathway interactions. We described positive feedback loops including OLIG2: loops of epigenetic regulation and loops involving receptor tyrosine kinases. These loops may be responsible for the prolonged oncogenic activity of OLIG2. The proposed schemes for epigenetic regulation of the gene networks involving OLIG2 are confirmed by patient survival (Kaplan-Meier) curves based on the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) datasets. Finally, we elucidate the Coherent-Gene Modules (CGMs) networks-framework of OLIG2 involvement in cancer. We showed that genes interacting with OLIG2 formed eight CGMs having a set of intermodular connections. We showed also that among the genes involved in these modules the most connected hub is EGFR, then, on lower level, HSP90 and CALM1, followed by three lower levels including epigenetic genes KDM1A and NCOR1. The genes on the six upper levels of the hierarchy are involved in interconnections of all eight CGMs and organize functionally defined gene-signaling subnetworks having specific functions. For example, CGM1 is involved in epigenetic control. CGM2 is significantly related to cell proliferation and differentiation. CGM3 includes a number of interconnected helix-loop-helix transcription factors (bHLH) including OLIG2. Many of these TFs are partially controlled by OLIG2. The CGM4 is involved in PDGF-related: angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation and differentiation. These analyses provide testable hypotheses and approaches to inhibit OLIG2 pathway and relevant feed-forward and feedback loops to be interrogated. This broad approach can be applied to other TFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor F. Tsigelny
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, 92093-0752, CA, USA
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, 92093-0505, CA, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, 92093, CA, USA
| | - Valentina L. Kouznetsova
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, 92093-0505, CA, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, 92093, CA, USA
| | - Nathan Lian
- REHS, San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, 92093-0505, CA, USA
| | - Santosh Kesari
- John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, 90404, CA, USA
- Pacific Neuroscience Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, 90404, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
A Role for Nuclear Actin in HDAC 1 and 2 Regulation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28460. [PMID: 27345839 PMCID: PMC4921920 DOI: 10.1038/srep28460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) are known to remove acetyl groups from histone tails. This liberates positive charges on the histone tail and allows for tighter winding of DNA, preventing transcription factor binding and gene activation. Although the functions of HDAC proteins are becoming apparent both biochemically and clinically, how this class of proteins is regulated remains poorly understood. We identified a novel interaction between nuclear actin and HDAC 1 and HDAC 2. Nuclear actin has been previously shown to interact with a growing list of nuclear proteins including chromatin remodeling complexes, transcription factors and RNA polymerases. We find that monomeric actin is able to bind the class I HDAC complex. Furthermore, increasing the concentration of actin in HeLa nuclear extracts was able to suppress overall HDAC function. Conversely, polymerizing nuclear actin increased HDAC activity and decreased histone acetylation. Moreover, the interaction between class I HDACs and nuclear actin was found to be activity dependent. Together, our data suggest nuclear actin is able to regulate HDAC 1 and 2 activity.
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Vertebrate neural tube formation is a complex morphogenetic process, which involves hundreds of genes dynamically coordinating various behaviors in different cell populations of neural tissue. The challenge remains to determine the relative contributions of physical forces and biochemical signaling events to neural tube closure and accompanying cell fate specification. Planar cell polarity (PCP) molecules are prime candidate factors for the production of actomyosin-dependent mechanical signals necessary for morphogenesis. Conversely, physical forces may contribute to the polarized distribution of PCP proteins. Understanding mechanosensory and mechanotransducing properties of diverse molecules should help define the direction and amplitude of physical stresses that are critical for neurulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergei Y Sokol
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
β-catenin is widely regarded as the primary transducer of canonical WNT signals to the nucleus. In most vertebrates, there are eight additional catenins that are structurally related to β-catenin, and three α-catenin genes encoding actin-binding proteins that are structurally related to vinculin. Although these catenins were initially identified in association with cadherins at cell-cell junctions, more recent evidence suggests that the majority of catenins also localize to the nucleus and regulate gene expression. Moreover, the number of catenins reported to be responsive to canonical WNT signals is increasing. Here, we posit that multiple catenins form a functional network in the nucleus, possibly engaging in conserved protein-protein interactions that are currently better characterized in the context of actin-based cell junctions.
Collapse
|
23
|
Hong JY, Oh IH, McCrea PD. Phosphorylation and isoform use in p120-catenin during development and tumorigenesis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1863:102-14. [PMID: 26477567 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
P120-catenin is essential to vertebrate development, modulating cadherin and small-GTPase functions, and growing evidence points also to roles in the nucleus. A complexity in addressing p120-catenin's functions is its many isoforms, including optional splicing events, alternative points of translational initiation, and secondary modifications. In this review, we focus upon how choices in the initiation of protein translation, or the earlier splicing of the RNA transcript, relates to primary sequences that harbor established or putative regulatory phosphorylation sites. While certain p120 phosphorylation events arise via known kinases/phosphatases and have defined outcomes, in most cases the functional consequences are still to be established. In this review, we provide examples of p120-isoforms as they relate to phosphorylation events, and thereby to isoform dependent protein-protein associations and downstream functions. We also provide a view of upstream pathways that determine p120's phosphorylation state, and that have an impact upon development and disease. Because other members of the p120 subfamily undergo similar processing and phosphorylation, as well as related catenins of the plakophilin subfamily, what is learned regarding p120 will by extension have wide relevance in vertebrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Hong
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea.
| | - Il-Hoan Oh
- The Catholic University of Korea, Catholic High Performance Cell Therapy Center, 505 Banpo-dong, Seocho-Ku, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Pierre D McCrea
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
van de Ven RAH, Tenhagen M, Meuleman W, van Riel JJG, Schackmann RCJ, Derksen PWB. Nuclear p120-catenin regulates the anoikis resistance of mouse lobular breast cancer cells through Kaiso-dependent Wnt11 expression. Dis Model Mech 2015; 8:373-84. [PMID: 25713299 PMCID: PMC4381336 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.018648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
E-cadherin inactivation underpins the progression of invasive lobular breast carcinoma (ILC). In ILC, p120-catenin (p120) translocates to the cytosol where it controls anchorage independence through the Rho-Rock signaling pathway, a key mechanism driving tumor growth and metastasis. We now demonstrate that anchorage-independent ILC cells show an increase in nuclear p120, which results in relief of transcriptional repression by Kaiso. To identify the Kaiso target genes that control anchorage independence we performed genome-wide mRNA profiling on anoikis-resistant mouse ILC cells, and identified 29 candidate target genes, including the established Kaiso target Wnt11. Our data indicate that anchorage-independent upregulation of Wnt11 in ILC cells is controlled by nuclear p120 through inhibition of Kaiso-mediated transcriptional repression. Finally, we show that Wnt11 promotes activation of RhoA, which causes ILC anoikis resistance. Our findings thereby establish a mechanistic link between E-cadherin loss and subsequent control of Rho-driven anoikis resistance through p120- and Kaiso-dependent expression of Wnt11.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Milou Tenhagen
- Department of Pathology, UMC Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter Meuleman
- Division of Gene Regulation, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Division of Molecular Biology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
The arrival of multicellularity in evolution facilitated cell-cell signaling in conjunction with adhesion. As the ectodomains of cadherins interact with each other directly in trans (as well as in cis), spanning the plasma membrane and associating with multiple other entities, cadherins enable the transduction of "outside-in" or "inside-out" signals. We focus this review on signals that originate from the larger family of cadherins that are inwardly directed to the nucleus, and thus have roles in gene control or nuclear structure-function. The nature of cadherin complexes varies considerably depending on the type of cadherin and its context, and we will address some of these variables for classical cadherins versus other family members. Substantial but still fragmentary progress has been made in understanding the signaling mediators used by varied cadherin complexes to coordinate the state of cell-cell adhesion with gene expression. Evidence that cadherin intracellular binding partners also localize to the nucleus is a major point of interest. In some models, catenins show reduced binding to cadherin cytoplasmic tails favoring their engagement in gene control. When bound, cadherins may serve as stoichiometric competitors of nuclear signals. Cadherins also directly or indirectly affect numerous signaling pathways (e.g., Wnt, receptor tyrosine kinase, Hippo, NFκB, and JAK/STAT), enabling cell-cell contacts to touch upon multiple biological outcomes in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre D McCrea
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Program in Genes & Development, Graduate School in Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - Meghan T Maher
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Cara J Gottardi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
|