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Bednaršek N, Pelletier G, Beck MW, Feely RA, Siegrist Z, Kiefer D, Davis J, Peabody B. Predictable patterns within the kelp forest can indirectly create temporary refugia from ocean acidification. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:174065. [PMID: 38897470 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Kelps are recognized for providing many ecosystem services in coastal areas and considered in ocean acidification (OA) mitigation. However, assessing OA modification requires an understanding of the multiple parameters involved in carbonate chemistry, especially in highly dynamic systems. We studied the effects of sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) on an experimental farm at the north end of Hood Canal, Washington-a low retentive coastal system. In this field mesocosm study, two oyster species (Magallana gigas, Ostrea lurida) were exposed at locations in the mid, edge, and outside the kelp array. The Hood Head Sugar Kelp Farm Model outputs were used to identify dominating factors in spatial and temporal kelp dynamics, while wavelet spectrum analyses helped in understanding predictability patterns. This was linked to the measured biological responses (dissolution, growth, isotopes) of the exposed organisms. Positioned in an area of high (sub)-diel tidal fluxes with low retention potential, there were no measurable alterations of the seawater pH at the study site, demonstrating that the kelp array could not induce a direct mitigating effect against OA. However, beneficial responses in calcifiers were still observed, which are linked to two causes: increased pH predictability and improved provisioning through kelp-derived particulate organic resource utilization and as such, kelp improved habitat suitability and indirectly created refugia against OA. This study can serve as an analogue for many coastal bay habitats where prevailing physical forcing drives chemical changes. Future macrophyte studies that investigate OA mitigating effects should focus also on the importance of predictability patterns, which can additionally improve the conditions for marine calcifiers and ecosystem services vulnerable to or compromised by OA, including aquaculture sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Bednaršek
- Cooperative Institute for Marine Resources Studies, Hatfield Marine Science Center, 2030 SE Marine Science Drive Newport, OR 97365, Oregon State University, USA; Institute Jožef Stefan, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Greg Pelletier
- Washington Department of Ecology, Olympia, 300 Desmond Dr SE, WA 98503,(Emeritus), USA
| | - Marcus W Beck
- Tampa Bay Estuary Program, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA
| | - Richard A Feely
- NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, Seattle, WA 98115, USA
| | - Zach Siegrist
- System Science Applications, Inc, Renton, Washington, USA
| | - Dale Kiefer
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Jonathan Davis
- Puget Sound Restoration Fund, Bainbridge Island, WA, 98110, USA
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Choi JH, Lee S, Le QT, Yang S, Lee H. The Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Ct-1 achieves higher salt tolerance relative to Col-0 via higher tissue retention of K + and NO 3. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 302:154321. [PMID: 39116627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Agriculture is vital for global food security, and irrigation is essential for improving crop yields. However, irrigation can pose challenges such as mineral scarcity and salt accumulation in the soil, which negatively impact plant growth and crop productivity. While numerous studies have focused on enhancing plant tolerance to high salinity, research targeting various ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana has been relatively limited. In this study, we aimed to identify salt-tolerant ecotypes among the diverse wild types of Arabidopsis thaliana and elucidate their characteristics at the molecular level. As a result, we found that Catania-1 (Ct-1), one of the ecotypes of Arabidopsis, exhibits greater salt tolerance compared to Col-0. Specifically, Ct-1 exhibited less damage from reactive oxygen species (ROS) than Col-0, despite not accumulating antioxidants like anthocyanins. Additionally, Ct-1 accumulated more potassium ions (K+) in its shoots and roots than Col-0 under high salinity, which is crucial for water balance and preventing dehydration. In contrast, Ct-1 plants were observed to accumulate slightly lower levels of Na+ than Col-0 in both root and shoot tissues, regardless of salt treatment. These findings suggest that Ct-1 plants achieve high salinity resistance not by extruding more Na+ than Col-0, but rather by absorbing more K+ or releasing less K+. Ct-1 exhibited higher nitrate (NO3-) levels than Col-0 under high salinity conditions, which is associated with enhanced retention of K+ ions. Additionally, genes involved in NO3- transport and uptake, such as NRT1.5 and NPF2.3, showed higher transcript levels in Ct-1 compared to Col-0 when exposed to high salinity. However, Ct-1 did not demonstrate significantly greater resistance to osmotic stress compared to Col-0. These findings suggest that enhancing plant tolerance to salt stress could involve targeting the cellular processes responsible for regulating the transport of NO3- and K+. Overall, our study sheds light on the mechanisms of plant salinity tolerance, emphasizing the importance of K+ and NO3- transport in crop improvement and food security in regions facing salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ho Choi
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokjin Lee
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Quang Tri Le
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonyoung Yang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojoung Lee
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea.
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Saavedra LM, Bastías M, Mendoza P, Lagos NA, García-Herrera C, Ponce V, Alvarez F, Llanos-Rivera A. Environmental correlates of oyster farming in an upwelling system: Implication upon growth, biomass production, shell strength and organic composition. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 198:106489. [PMID: 38640688 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Comprehending the potential effects of environmental variability on bivalves aquaculture becomes crucial for its sustainability under climate change scenarios, specially in the Humboldt Current System (HCS) where upwelling intensification leading to frequent hypoxia and acidification is expected. In a year-long study, Pacific oysters (Magallana gigas) were monitored at two depths (1.5m, 6.5m) in a bay affected by coastal upwelling. Surface waters exhibited warmer, well-oxygenated conditions and higher chlorophyll-a concentrations, while at depth greater hypoxia and acidification events occur, especially during upwelling. Surface cultured oysters exhibited 60 % larger size and 35% greater weight due to faster growth rate during the initial month of cultivation. The condition index (CI) increases in surface oysters after 10 months, whereas those at the bottom maintain a lower index. Food availability, temperature, and oxygen, correlates with higher growth rates, while pH associates with morphometric variables, indicating that larger oysters tend to develop under higher pH. Increased upwelling generally raises CI, but bottom oysters face stressful conditions such as hypoxia and acidification, resulting in lower performance. However, they acclimate by changing the organic composition of their shells and making them stronger. This study suggests that under intensified upwelling scenario, oysters would grow slowly, resulting in smaller sizes and lower performance, but the challenges may be confronted through complex compensation mechanisms among biomass production and maintenance of the shell structure and function. This poses a significant challenge for the sustainability of the aquaculture industry, emphasizing the need for adaptive strategies to mitigate the effects of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa M Saavedra
- Department of Aquatic Systems and EULA Environmental Science Center, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Concepción, Chile.
| | - Manuel Bastías
- Oceanography department, Faculty of Natural and Oceanographic Science, University of Concepción, Chile
| | - Paula Mendoza
- Department of Aquatic Systems and EULA Environmental Science Center, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Concepción, Chile
| | - Nelson A Lagos
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático (CiiCC), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago, Chile; Instituto Milenio en Socio-Ecología Costera (SECOS), Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio García-Herrera
- Laboratorio de Biomecánica y Biomateriales, Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Vania Ponce
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático (CiiCC), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fabian Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Biomecánica y Biomateriales, Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandra Llanos-Rivera
- Oceanography department, Faculty of Natural and Oceanographic Science, University of Concepción, Chile
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Guo X, Huang M, Luo X, You W, Ke C. Impact of ocean acidification on shells of the abalone species Haliotis diversicolor and Haliotis discus hannai. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 192:106183. [PMID: 37820478 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) results from the absorption of anthropogenic CO2 emissions by the ocean and threatens the survival of many marine calcareous organisms including molluscs. We studied OA effects on adult shells of the abalone species Haliotis diversicolor and Haliotis discus hannai that were exposed to three pCO2 conditions (ambient, ∼880, and ∼1600 μatm) for 1 year. Shell periostracum corrosion under OA was observed for both species. OA reduced shell hardness and altered the nacre ultrastructure in H. diversicolor, making its shells more vulnerable to crushing force. OA exposure did not reduce the shell hardness of H. discus hannai and did not alter nacre ultrastructure. However, the reduced calcification also decreased its resistance to crushing force. Sr/Ca in the shell increased with rising calcification rate. Mg/Ca increased upon OA exposure could be due to a complimentary mechanism of preventing shell hardness further reduced. The Na/Ca distribution between the aragonite and calcite of abalone shells was also changed by OA. In general, both abalone species are at a greater risk in a more acidified ocean. Their shells may not provide sufficient protection from predators or to transportation stress in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Guo
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, PR China; National Observation and Research Station for the Taiwan Strait Marine Ecosystem, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, China; Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, PR China
| | - Miaoqin Huang
- National Observation and Research Station for the Taiwan Strait Marine Ecosystem, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Luo
- National Observation and Research Station for the Taiwan Strait Marine Ecosystem, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei You
- National Observation and Research Station for the Taiwan Strait Marine Ecosystem, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Caihuan Ke
- National Observation and Research Station for the Taiwan Strait Marine Ecosystem, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, China.
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Tan CD, Hähner G, Fitzer S, Cole C, Finch AA, Hintz C, Hintz K, Allison N. The response of coral skeletal nano structure and hardness to ocean acidification conditions. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:230248. [PMID: 37538739 PMCID: PMC10394408 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification typically reduces coral calcification rates and can fundamentally alter skeletal morphology. We use atomic force microscopy (AFM) and microindentation to determine how seawater pCO2 affects skeletal structure and Vickers hardness in a Porites lutea coral. At 400 µatm, the skeletal fasciculi are composed of tightly packed bundles of acicular crystals composed of quadrilateral nanograins, approximately 80-300 nm in dimensions. We interpret high adhesion at the nanograin edges as an organic coating. At 750 µatm the crystals are less regular in width and orientation and composed of either smaller/more rounded nanograins than observed at 400 µatm or of larger areas with little variation in adhesion. Coral aragonite may form via ion-by-ion attachment to the existing skeleton or via conversion of amorphous calcium carbonate precursors. Changes in nanoparticle morphology could reflect variations in the sizes of nanoparticles produced by each crystallization pathway or in the contributions of each pathway to biomineralization. We observe no significant variation in Vickers hardness between skeletons cultured at different seawater pCO2. Either the nanograin size does not affect skeletal hardness or the effect is offset by other changes in the skeleton, e.g. increases in skeletal organic material as reported in previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Dun Tan
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9TS, UK
| | - Georg Hähner
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9TS, UK
| | - Susan Fitzer
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Catherine Cole
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9TS, UK
| | - Adrian A. Finch
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9TS, UK
| | - Chris Hintz
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Savannah State University, Savannah, GA USA
| | - Ken Hintz
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Nicola Allison
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9TS, UK
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Du Y, Zhao J, Teng J, Ren J, Shan E, Zhu X, Zhang W, Wang L, Hou C, Wang Q. Combined effects of salinity and polystyrene microplastics exposure on the Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas: Oxidative stress and energy metabolism. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 193:115153. [PMID: 37327720 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) pollution and salinity variation are two environmental stressors, but their combined effects on marine mollusks are rarely known. Oysters (Crassostrea gigas) were exposed to 1 × 104 particles L-1 spherical polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) of different sizes (small polystyrene MPs (SPS-MPs): 6 μm, large polystyrene MPs (LPS-MPs): 50-60 μm) under three salinity levels (21, 26, and 31 psu) for 14 days. Results demonstrated that low salinity reduced PS-MPs uptake in oysters. Antagonistic interactions between PS-MPs and low salinity mainly occurred, and partial synergistic effects were mainly induced by SPS-MPs. SPS-MPs induced higher lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels than LPS-MPs. In digestive glands, low salinity decreased LPO levels and glycometabolism-related gene expression, which was related to salinity levels. Low salinity instead of MPs mainly affected metabolomics profiles of gills through energy metabolism and osmotic adjustment pathway. In conclusion, oysters can adapt to combined stressors through energy and antioxidative regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Du
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Jia Teng
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jingying Ren
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Encui Shan
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhu
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China
| | - Chaowei Hou
- Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Qing Wang
- Research and Development Center for Efficient Utilization of Coastal Bioresources, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China; Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, PR China.
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Jia R, Li P, Chen C, Liu L, Li ZH. Shellfish-algal systems as important components of fisheries carbon sinks: Their contribution and response to climate change. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 224:115511. [PMID: 36801235 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the context of global climate change, ocean acidification and warming are becoming increasingly serious. Adding carbon sinks in the ocean is an important part of efforts to mitigate climate change. Many researchers have proposed the concept of a fisheries carbon sink. Shellfish-algal systems are among the most important components of fisheries carbon sinks, but there has been limited research on the impact of climate change on shellfish-algal carbon sequestration systems. This review assesses the impact of global climate change on shellfish-algal carbon sequestration systems and provides a rough estimate of the global shellfish-algal carbon sink capacity. This review evaluates the impact of global climate change on shellfish-algal carbon sequestration systems. We review relevant studies that have examined the effects of climate change on such systems from multiple levels, perspectives, and species. There is an urgent need for more realistic and comprehensive studies given expectations about the future climate. Such studies should provide a better understanding of the mechanisms by which the carbon cycle function of marine biological carbon pumps may be affected in realistic future environmental conditions and the patterns of interaction between climate change and ocean carbon sinks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruolan Jia
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Ping Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Chengzhuang Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China.
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Shang Y, Wang X, Shi Y, Huang W, Sokolova I, Chang X, Chen D, Wei S, Khan FU, Hu M, Wang Y. Ocean acidificationf affects the bioenergetics of marine mussels as revealed by high-coverage quantitative metabolomics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:160090. [PMID: 36379341 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification has become a major ecological and environmental problem in the world, whereas the impact mechanism of ocean acidification in marine bivalves is not fully understood. Cellular energy allocation (CEA) approach and high-coverage metabolomic techniques were used to investigate the acidification effects on the energy metabolism of mussels. The thick shell mussels Mytilus coruscus were exposed to seawater pH 8.1 (control) and pH 7.7 (acidification) for 14 days and allowed to recover at pH 8.1 for 7 days. The levels of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins significantly decreased in the digestive glands of the mussels exposed to acidification. The 14-day acidification exposure increased the energy demands of mussels, resulting in increased electron transport system (ETS) activity and decreased cellular energy allocation (CEA). Significant carry-over effects were observed on all cellular energy parameters except the concentration of carbohydrates and cellular energy demand (Ec) after 7 days of recovery. Metabolomic analysis showed that acidification affected the phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, and glycine, serine and threonine metabolism. Correlation analysis showed that mussel cell energy parameters (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, CEA) were negatively/positively correlated with certain differentially abundant metabolites. Overall, the integrated biochemical and metabolomics analyses demonstrated the negative effects of acidification on energy metabolism at the cellular level and implicated the alteration of biosynthesis and metabolism of amino acids as a mechanism of metabolic perturbation caused by acidification in mussels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyong Shang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xinghuo Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yuntian Shi
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Ocean Space Resource Management Technology, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Inna Sokolova
- Department of Marine Biology, Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany; Department of Maritime Systems, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Xueqing Chang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Deying Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Shuaishuai Wei
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Fahim Ullah Khan
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Fisheries & Aquaculture Program, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Menghong Hu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Youji Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China.
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Pruett JL, Pandelides AF, Keylon J, Willett KL, Showalter Otts S, Gochfeld DJ. Life‐stage‐dependent effects of multiple flood‐associated stressors on a coastal foundational species. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Pruett
- National Center for Natural Products Research University of Mississippi, University Mississippi USA
| | - Ann Fairly Pandelides
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences University of Mississippi, University Mississippi USA
| | - Jaycie Keylon
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences University of Mississippi, University Mississippi USA
| | - Kristine L. Willett
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences University of Mississippi, University Mississippi USA
| | | | - Deborah J. Gochfeld
- National Center for Natural Products Research University of Mississippi, University Mississippi USA
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences University of Mississippi, University Mississippi USA
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Wang X, Li P, Cao X, Liu B, He S, Cao Z, Xing S, Liu L, Li ZH. Effects of ocean acidification and tralopyril on bivalve biomineralization and carbon cycling: A study of the Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 313:120161. [PMID: 36100119 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The combined effects of emerging pollutants and ocean acidification (OA) on marine organisms and marine ecosystems have attracted increasing attention. However, the combined effects of tralopyril and OA on marine organisms and marine ecosystems remain unclear. In this study, Crassostrea gigas (C. gigas) were exposed to tralopyril (1 μg/L) and/or OA (PH = 7.7) for 21 days and a 14-day recovery acclimation. To investigate the stress response and potential molecular mechanisms of C. gigas to OA and tralopyril exposure alone or in combination, as well as the effects of OA and/or tralopyril on bivalve biomineralization and marine carbon cycling. The results showed that the combined toxicity was between that of acidification and tralopyril alone. Single or combined exposure activated the general stress defense responses of C. gigas mantle, affected energy metabolism and biomineralization of the organism and the carbon cycle of the marine ecosystem. Moreover, acidification-induced and tralopyril-induced toxicity showed potential recoverability at molecular and biochemical levels. This study provides a new perspective on the molecular mechanisms of tralopyril toxicity to bivalve shellfish and reveals the potential role of tralopyril and OA on marine carbon cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Ping Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Xuqian Cao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Shuwen He
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Zhihan Cao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Shaoying Xing
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China.
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11
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Gurr SJ, Trigg SA, Vadopalas B, Roberts SB, Putnam HM. Acclimatory gene expression of primed clams enhances robustness to elevated pCO 2. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:5005-5023. [PMID: 35947503 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sub-lethal exposure to environmental challenges may enhance ability to cope with chronic or repeated change, a process known as priming. In a previous study, pre-exposure to seawater enriched with pCO2 improved growth and reduced antioxidant capacity of juvenile Pacific geoduck Panopea generosa, suggesting that transcriptional shifts may drive phenotypic modifications post-priming. To this end, juvenile clams were sampled and TagSeq gene expression data analyzed after 1) a 110-day acclimation under ambient (921 μatm, naïve) and moderately-elevated pCO2 (2870 μatm, pre-exposed); then following 2) a second 7-day exposure to three pCO2 treatments (ambient: 754 μatm; moderately-elevated: 2750 μatm; severely-elevated: 4940 μatm), a 7-day return to ambient pCO2 , and a third 7-day exposure to two pCO2 treatments (ambient: 967 μatm; moderately-elevated: 3030 μatm). Pre-exposed geoducks frontloaded genes for stress and apoptosis/innate immune response, homeostatic processes, protein degradation, and transcriptional modifiers. Pre-exposed geoducks were also responsive to subsequent encounters, with gene sets enriched for mitochondrial recycling and immune defense under elevated pCO2 and energy metabolism and biosynthesis under ambient recovery. In contrast, gene sets with higher expression in naïve clams were enriched for fatty-acid degradation and glutathione components, suggesting naïve clams could be depleting endogenous fuels, with unsustainable energetic requirements if changes in carbonate chemistry persist. Collectively, our transcriptomic data indicates pCO2 priming during post-larval periods could, via gene expression regulation, enhance robustness in bivalves to environmental change. Such priming approaches may be beneficial for aquaculture, as seafood demand intensifies concurrent with increasing climate change in marine systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Gurr
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Shelly A Trigg
- University of Washington, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Steven B Roberts
- University of Washington, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hollie M Putnam
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
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12
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Bednaršek N, Beck MW, Pelletier G, Applebaum SL, Feely RA, Butler R, Byrne M, Peabody B, Davis J, Štrus J. Natural Analogues in pH Variability and Predictability across the Coastal Pacific Estuaries: Extrapolation of the Increased Oyster Dissolution under Increased pH Amplitude and Low Predictability Related to Ocean Acidification. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:9015-9028. [PMID: 35548856 PMCID: PMC9228044 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Coastal-estuarine habitats are rapidly changing due to global climate change, with impacts influenced by the variability of carbonate chemistry conditions. However, our understanding of the responses of ecologically and economically important calcifiers to pH variability and temporal variation is limited, particularly with respect to shell-building processes. We investigated the mechanisms driving biomineralogical and physiological responses in juveniles of introduced (Pacific; Crassostrea gigas) and native (Olympia; Ostrea lurida) oysters under flow-through experimental conditions over a six-week period that simulate current and future conditions: static control and low pH (8.0 and 7.7); low pH with fluctuating (24-h) amplitude (7.7 ± 0.2 and 7.7 ± 0.5); and high-frequency (12-h) fluctuating (8.0 ± 0.2) treatment. The oysters showed physiological tolerance in vital processes, including calcification, respiration, clearance, and survival. However, shell dissolution significantly increased with larger amplitudes of pH variability compared to static pH conditions, attributable to the longer cumulative exposure to lower pH conditions, with the dissolution threshold of pH 7.7 with 0.2 amplitude. Moreover, the high-frequency treatment triggered significantly greater dissolution, likely because of the oyster's inability to respond to the unpredictable frequency of variations. The experimental findings were extrapolated to provide context for conditions existing in several Pacific coastal estuaries, with time series analyses demonstrating unique signatures of pH predictability and variability in these habitats, indicating potentially benefiting effects on fitness in these habitats. These implications are crucial for evaluating the suitability of coastal habitats for aquaculture, adaptation, and carbon dioxide removal strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Bednaršek
- Southern
California Coastal Water Research Project, Costa Mesa, California 92626, United States
- National
Institute of Biology, Marine Biological Station, 6330 Piran, Slovenia
| | - Marcus W. Beck
- Tampa
Bay Estuary Program, St. Petersburg, Florida 33701, United States
| | - Greg Pelletier
- Southern
California Coastal Water Research Project, Costa Mesa, California 92626, United States
| | - Scott Lee Applebaum
- Environmental
Studies Program, University of Southern
California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Richard A. Feely
- NOAA
Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, Seattle, Washington 98115, United States
| | - Robert Butler
- Southern
California Coastal Water Research Project, Costa Mesa, California 92626, United States
| | - Maria Byrne
- School of
Life and Environmental Sciences, University
of Sydney, Sydney 2006, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Betsy Peabody
- Puget
Sound Restoration Fund, Bainbridge
Island, Washington 98110, United States
| | - Jonathan Davis
- Pacific
Hybreed, Inc., Port Orchard, Washington 98366, United States
| | - Jasna Štrus
- Biotechnical
Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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13
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Variation in Survival and Gut Microbiome Composition of Hatchery-Grown Native Oysters at Various Locations within the Puget Sound. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0198221. [PMID: 35536036 PMCID: PMC9241838 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01982-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Olympia oyster (Ostrea lurida) of the Puget Sound suffered a dramatic population crash, but restoration efforts hope to revive this native species. One overlooked variable in the process of assessing ecosystem health is association of bacteria with marine organisms and the environments they occupy. Oyster microbiomes are known to differ significantly between species, tissue type, and the habitat in which they are found. The goals of this study were to determine the impact of field site and habitat on the oyster microbiome and to identify core oyster-associated bacteria in the Puget Sound. Olympia oysters from one parental family were deployed at four sites in the Puget Sound both inside and outside of eelgrass (Zostera marina) beds. Using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of the oyster gut, shell, and surrounding seawater and sediment, we demonstrate that gut-associated bacteria are distinct from the surrounding environment and vary by field site. Furthermore, regional differences in the gut microbiota are associated with the survival rates of oysters at each site after 2 months of field exposure. However, habitat type had no influence on microbiome diversity. Further work is needed to identify the specific bacterial dynamics that are associated with oyster physiology and survival rates. IMPORTANCE This is the first exploration of the microbial colonizers of the Olympia oyster, a native oyster species to the West Coast, which is a focus of restoration efforts. The patterns of differential microbial colonization by location reveal microscale characteristics of potential restoration sites which are not typically considered. These microbial dynamics can provide a more holistic perspective on the factors that may influence oyster performance.
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14
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Navarro JM, Andrade-Villagrán PV, Manríquez PH, Duarte C, Chaparro OR. Long-term effects of contrasting pCO 2 levels on the scope for growth in the carnivorous gastropod Concholepas concholepas. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 175:105586. [PMID: 35168007 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of contrasting pCO2 levels: lower (390 μatm), moderate (700 μatm) and extreme (1000 μatm), on the scope for growth of the keystone snail Concholepas concholepas over an exposure period of 6 months. Juvenile snails were collected from rocky intertidal habitats and acclimated for 5 months to those pCO2 levels. Subsequently, three groups of snails were randomly taken (n = 7 for each treatment) and reared for an additional 1 month for each of the three pCO2 levels. Physiological traits related with energy gain and energy expenditure were quantified. The scope for growth index decreased significantly with increases in pCO2, yielding negative values throughout the experimental period for the snails exposed to 1000 μatm pCO2, probably due to the extra energy required to maintain their metabolic functions in balance. This suggests that future climate change scenarios with elevated pCO2 levels could threaten the growth and other basic functions of juvenile snails of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Navarro
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Centro FONDAP de Investigación de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Valdivia, Chile.
| | - P V Andrade-Villagrán
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción. Concepción, Chile
| | - P H Manríquez
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Avenida Ossandón 877, Coquimbo, Chile; Laboratorio de Ecología y Conducta de la Ontogenia Temprana (LECOT), Coquimbo, Chile
| | - C Duarte
- Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - O R Chaparro
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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15
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Mortality, energy reserves, and oxidative stress responses of three native freshwater mussels to temperature as an indicator of potential impacts of climate change: A laboratory experimental approach. J Therm Biol 2022; 104:103154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.103154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Plasticity in organic composition maintains biomechanical performance in shells of juvenile scallops exposed to altered temperature and pH conditions. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24201. [PMID: 34921187 PMCID: PMC8683433 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03532-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The exposure to environmental variations in pH and temperature has proven impacts on benthic ectotherms calcifiers, as evidenced by tradeoffs between physiological processes. However, how these stressors affect structure and functionality of mollusk shells has received less attention. Episodic events of upwelling of deep cold and low pH waters are well documented in eastern boundary systems and may be stressful to mollusks, impairing both physiological and biomechanical performance. These events are projected to become more intense, and extensive in time with ongoing global warming. In this study, we evaluate the independent and interactive effects of temperature and pH on the biomineral and biomechanical properties of Argopecten purpuratus scallop shells. Total organic matter in the shell mineral increased under reduced pH (~ 7.7) and control conditions (pH ~ 8.0). The periostracum layer coating the outer shell surface showed increased protein content under low pH conditions but decreasing sulfate and polysaccharides content. Reduced pH negatively impacts shell density and increases the disorder in the orientation of calcite crystals. At elevated temperatures (18 °C), shell microhardness increased. Other biomechanical properties were not affected by pH/temperature treatments. Thus, under a reduction of 0.3 pH units and low temperature, the response of A. purpuratus was a tradeoff among organic compounds (biopolymer plasticity), density, and crystal organization (mineral plasticity) to maintain shell biomechanical performance, while increased temperature ameliorated the impacts on shell hardness. Biopolymer plasticity was associated with ecophysiological performance, indicating that, under the influence of natural fluctuations in pH and temperature, energetic constraints might be critical in modulating the long-term sustainability of this compensatory mechanism.
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17
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Yang B, Gao X, Zhao J, Liu Y, Lui HK, Huang TH, Chen CTA, Xing Q. Massive shellfish farming might accelerate coastal acidification: A case study on carbonate system dynamics in a bay scallop (Argopecten irradians) farming area, North Yellow Sea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 798:149214. [PMID: 34333434 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Seven cruises were carried out in a bay scallop (Argopecten irradians) farming area and its surrounding waters, North Yellow Sea, from March to November 2017 to study the dynamics of the carbonate system and its controlling factors. Results indicated that the studied parameters were highly variability over a range of spatiotemporal scales, comprehensively forced by various physical and biological processes. Mixing effect and scallop calcification played the most important role in the seasonal variation of total alkalinity (TAlk). For dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), in addition to mixing, air-sea exchange and microbial activity, e.g. photosynthesis and microbial respiration processes, had more important effects on its dynamics. Different from the former, the changes of water pHT, partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) and aragonite saturation state (ΩA) were mainly controlled by the combining of the temperature, air-sea exchange, microbial activity and scallop metabolic activities. In addition, the results indicated that massive scallop farming can significantly increase the DIC/TAlk ratio by reducing the TAlk concentration in seawater, thereby reducing the buffering capacity of the carbonate system in seawater especially for ΩA. Preliminary calculated, ~75.7 and ~45.5 μmol kg-1 of TAlk were removed from the surface and bottom waters respectively in one scallop cultivating cycle. If these carbonates cannot be replenished in time, it is likely to accelerate the acidification process of coastal waters. This study highlighted the control mechanism of the carbonate system under the influence of bay scallop farming, and provided useful information for revealing the potential link between human activities (shelled-mollusc mariculture) and coastal acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Xuelu Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China.
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China.
| | - Yongliang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hon-Kit Lui
- Department of Oceanography, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsuan Huang
- Department of Oceanography, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Tung Arthur Chen
- Department of Oceanography, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Qianguo Xing
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
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18
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Treatment with ascorbic acid normalizes the aerobic capacity, antioxidant defence, and cell death pathways in thermally stressed Mytilus galloprovincialis. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 255:110611. [PMID: 33965617 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2021.110611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Considering temperature's upcoming increase due to climate change, combined with the fact that Mediterranean mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamarck, 1819) live at their upper limits [critical temperatures (Tc) beyond 25 °C], we cannot be sure of this species' sustainable future in the Mediterranean Sea. Deviation from optimum temperatures leads to cellular damage due to oxidative stress. Although ascorbic acid (AA) is a major scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS), its capacity to minimize oxidative stress effects is scarcely studied in aquatic organisms. Thus, treatment with 5 mM and 10 mM AA of thermally stressed molluscs had been employed in order to examine its antioxidant capacity. While 5 mM had no effect, 10 mM normalized COX1 and ND2 relative mRNA levels, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione reductase (GR) enzymatic activity levels in both examined tissues: posterior adductor muscle (PAM) and mantle. ATP levels, probably providing the adequate energy for antioxidant defence in thermally stressed mussels, is also normalized under 10 mM AA treatment. Moreover, autophagic indicators such as LC3 II/I and SQSTM1/p62 levels are normalized, indicating autophagy amelioration. Apoptosis also seems to be inhibited since both Bax/Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase substrate levels decrease with 10 mM AA treatment. Therefore, treatment of mussels with AA seems to produce threshold effects, although the precise underlying mechanisms must be elucidated in future studies. These findings show that treatment of mussels with effective antioxidants can be useful as a strategic approach for the reduction of the deleterious effects on mussels' summer mortality in aquaculture zones.
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19
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Meeting the Salinity Requirements of the Bivalve Mollusc Crassostrea gigas in the Depuration Process and Posterior Shelf-Life Period to Improve Food Safety and Product Quality. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13081126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Microbiological contamination of bivalve molluscs is one of the major concerns inherent to food safety, thus depuration is frequently needed to assure food safety levels associated with their consumption. Salinity plays an important role in the metabolic activity of bivalves and as such can influence their depuration capacity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of salinity (25, 30, 35 and 40) on the efficiency of the depuration process, along with the quality and shelf-life of Crassostrea gigas. For this, a 24-h depuration was carried out, followed by a storage period at 5 ± 1 °C for six days. Microbiological analyses and biochemical parameters related to oxidative stress response were analysed. Escherichia coli load was reduced in only 24 h, disregarding the salinity of the system. After the shelf-life period, the activity of the antioxidant defences at salinities 35 and 40 is higher but is still not sufficient to avoid lipid peroxidation. Over time, there is a decrease in oyster metabolism probably due to being chilled and to the action of exposure to air. In sum, this study suggests salinities between 25 and 30 as preferential for the depuration process of C. gigas and subsequent quality during shelf-life.
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20
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Matoo OB, Lannig G, Bock C, Sokolova IM. Temperature but not ocean acidification affects energy metabolism and enzyme activities in the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:3366-3379. [PMID: 33841790 PMCID: PMC8019023 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In mosaic marine habitats, such as intertidal zones, ocean acidification (OA) is exacerbated by high variability of pH, temperature, and biological CO2 production. The nonlinear interactions among these drivers can be context-specific and their effect on organisms in these habitats remains largely unknown, warranting further investigation.We were particularly interested in Mytilus edulis (the blue mussel) from intertidal zones of the Gulf of Maine (GOM), USA, for this study. GOM is a hot spot of global climate change (average sea surface temperature (SST) increasing by >0.2°C/year) with >60% decline in mussel population over the past 40 years.Here, we utilize bioenergetic underpinnings to identify limits of stress tolerance in M. edulis from GOM exposed to warming and OA. We have measured whole-organism oxygen consumption rates and metabolic biomarkers in mussels exposed to control and elevated temperatures (10 vs. 15°C, respectively) and current and moderately elevated P CO2 levels (~400 vs. 800 µatm, respectively).Our study demonstrates that adult M. edulis from GOM are metabolically resilient to the moderate OA scenario but responsive to warming as seen in changes in metabolic rate, energy reserves (total lipids), metabolite profiles (glucose and osmolyte dimethyl amine), and enzyme activities (carbonic anhydrase and calcium ATPase).Our results are in agreement with recent literature that OA scenarios for the next 100-300 years do not affect this species, possibly as a consequence of maintaining its in vivo acid-base balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omera B. Matoo
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Nebraska‐LincolnLincolnNEUSA
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNCUSA
| | - Gisela Lannig
- Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine ResearchAlfred Wegener InstituteBremerhavenGermany
| | - Christian Bock
- Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine ResearchAlfred Wegener InstituteBremerhavenGermany
| | - Inna M. Sokolova
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNCUSA
- Department of Marine BiologyInstitute of Biological SciencesUniversität RostockRostockGermany
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21
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Pack KE, Rius M, Mieszkowska N. Long-term environmental tolerance of the non-indigenous Pacific oyster to expected contemporary climate change conditions. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 164:105226. [PMID: 33316607 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The current global redistribution of biota is often attributed to two main drivers: contemporary climate change (CCC) and non-indigenous species (NIS). Despite evidence of synergetic effects, however, studies assessing long-term effects of CCC conditions on NIS fitness remain rare. We examined the interactive effects of warming, ocean acidification and reduced salinity on the globally distributed marine NIS Magallana gigas (Pacific oyster) over a ten-month period. Growth, clearance and oxygen consumption rates were measured monthly to assess individual fitness. Lower salinity had a significant, permanent effect on M. gigas, reducing and increasing clearance and oxygen consumption rates, respectively. Neither predicted increases in seawater temperature nor reduced pH had a long-term physiological effect, indicating conditions predicted for 2100 will not affect adult physiology and survival. These results suggest that M. gigas will remain a globally successful NIS and predicted CCC will continue to facilitate their competitive dominance in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E Pack
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Marine Biological Association, Plymouth, United Kingdom.
| | - Marc Rius
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Centre for Ecological Genomics and Wildlife Conservation, Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa
| | - Nova Mieszkowska
- Marine Biological Association, Plymouth, United Kingdom; School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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22
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Martins M, Carreiro-Silva M, Martins GM, Barcelos E Ramos J, Viveiros F, Couto RP, Parra H, Monteiro J, Gallo F, Silva C, Teodósio A, Guilini K, Hall-Spencer JM, Leitão F, Chícharo L, Range P. Ervilia castanea (Mollusca, Bivalvia) populations adversely affected at CO 2 seeps in the North Atlantic. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 754:142044. [PMID: 33254890 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sites with naturally high CO2 conditions provide unique opportunities to forecast the vulnerability of coastal ecosystems to ocean acidification, by studying the biological responses and potential adaptations to this increased environmental variability. In this study, we investigated the bivalve Ervilia castanea in coastal sandy sediments at reference sites and at volcanic CO2 seeps off the Azores, where the pH of bottom waters ranged from average oceanic levels of 8.2, along gradients, down to 6.81, in carbonated seawater at the seeps. The bivalve population structure changed markedly at the seeps. Large individuals became less abundant as seawater CO2 levels rose and were completely absent from the most acidified sites. In contrast, small bivalves were most abundant at the CO2 seeps. We propose that larvae can settle and initially live in high abundances under elevated CO2 levels, but that high rates of post-settlement dispersal and/or mortality occur. Ervilia castanea were susceptible to elevated CO2 levels and these effects were consistently associated with lower food supplies. This raises concerns about the effects of ocean acidification on the brood stock of this species and other bivalve molluscs with similar life history traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Martins
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental - Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Centro de Ciências do Mar do Algarve, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Marina Carreiro-Silva
- IMAR - Instituto do Mar & OKEANOS Research Unit, Universidade dos Açores, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal
| | | | | | - Fátima Viveiros
- Research Institute for Volcanology and Risk Assessment, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal; Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Ruben P Couto
- cE3c - Universidade dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Hugo Parra
- IMAR - Instituto do Mar & OKEANOS Research Unit, Universidade dos Açores, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal
| | - João Monteiro
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Francesca Gallo
- IITAA - University of the Azores, Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal
| | - Catarina Silva
- Research Institute for Volcanology and Risk Assessment, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal; Center for Information and Seismovolcanic Surveillance of the Azores, Rua Mãe de Deus, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Teodósio
- Centro de Ciências do Mar do Algarve, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Katja Guilini
- Marine Biology Research Group, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Jason M Hall-Spencer
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, United Kingdom; Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Francisco Leitão
- Centro de Ciências do Mar do Algarve, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | | | - Pedro Range
- Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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23
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Khan FU, Chen H, Gu H, Wang T, Dupont S, Kong H, Shang Y, Wang X, Lu W, Hu M, Wang Y. Antioxidant responses of the mussel Mytilus coruscus co-exposed to ocean acidification, hypoxia and warming. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 162:111869. [PMID: 33256964 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the combined effects of pH, dissolved oxygen (DO) and temperature levels on the antioxidant responses of the mussel Mytilus coruscus were evaluated. Mussels were exposed to two pH (8.1, 7.7-acidification), two DO (6 mg L-1, 2 mg L-1-hypoxia) and two temperature levels (20 °C, 30 °C-warming) for 30 days. SOD, CAT, MDA, GPx, GSH, GST, TAOC, AKP, ACP, GPT, AST levels were measured in the gills of mussels. All tested biochemical parameters were altered by these three environmental stressors. Values for all the test parameters except GSH first increased and then decreased at various experimental treatments during days 15 and 30 as a result of acidification, hypoxia and warming. GSH content always increased with decreased pH, decreased DO and increased temperature. PCA showed a positive correlation among all the measured biochemical indexes. IBR results showed that M. coruscus were adversely affected by reduced pH, low DO and elevated temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahim Ullah Khan
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Fisheries and Aquaculture Programme, Department of Zoology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hui Chen
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hadal Science and Technology, College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Huaxin Gu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Ting Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Sam Dupont
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Sven Lovén Centre for Marine Infrastructure - Kristineberg, University of Gothenburg, Fiskebäckskil, Sweden
| | - Hui Kong
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yueyong Shang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xinghuo Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Weiqun Lu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Menghong Hu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Youji Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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24
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Boamah GA, Wang T, Chowdhury IA, Luo X, Huang M, Xu C, Ke C, You W. Sub‐low salinity impact on survival, growth and meat quality of the Pacific abalone (
Haliotis discus hannai
) and hybrids. AQUACULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 51:5184-5193. [DOI: 10.1111/are.14856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Grace Afumwaa Boamah
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
| | - Tian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
| | - Istiaq A. Chowdhury
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
| | - Xuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
| | - Miaoqin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
| | - Changan Xu
- Third Institute of Oceanography, MNR Xiamen PR China
| | - Caihuan Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
| | - Weiwei You
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen PR China
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25
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Zheng X, Lei S, Zhao S, Ye G, Ma R, Liu L, Xie Y, Shi X, Chen J. Temperature elevation and acidification damage microstructure of abalone via expression change of crystal induction genes. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 162:105114. [PMID: 32892151 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ocean warming and acidification caused by global climate change interferes with the shell growth of mollusks. In abalone Haliotis discus hannai, the microstructural changes in the shell under stress are unclear, and the effect of thermal stress on biomineralization is unknown. The lack of gene information has also hampered the study of abalone biomineralization mechanisms. In this study, the microstructure of reconstructed shell in H. discus hannai was observed to determine the effects of thermal and acidification stress on shell growth. Three nacre protein genes, Hdh-AP7, Hdh-AP24, and Hdh-perlustrin, were characterized, and their expression pattern during shell repair was measured under thermal and acidification stress and compared with those of two known biomineralization-related genes, Hdh-AP-1 and Hdh-defensin. The stress resulted in aragonite plates with corroded or irregular microstructures. The gene expression of two nacre proteins (Hdh-AP7 and Hdh-AP24), which directly induce crystal formation, were more sensitive to thermal stress than to acidification, but the expression of the regulatory nacre protein (Hdh-perlustrin) and the two known genes (Hdh-AP-1 and Hdh-defensin), which are also related to immunity, showed an interlinked, complex pattern change. We concluded that high temperature and acidification damages the shell microstructure by disturbing the expression pattern of biomineralization-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangnan Zheng
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Shanshan Lei
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Shuxian Zhao
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Ganping Ye
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Ruijuan Ma
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Lemian Liu
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Youping Xie
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Xinguo Shi
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Jianfeng Chen
- Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
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26
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Sakowski EG, Wommack KE, Polson SW. Oyster Calcifying Fluid Harbors Persistent and Dynamic Autochthonous Bacterial Populations That May Aid in Shell Formation. MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES 2020; 653:57-75. [PMID: 33424068 PMCID: PMC7789820 DOI: 10.3354/meps13487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) is a keystone species in estuarine environments but faces threats to shell formation associated with warming temperatures and acidification. Extrapallial fluid (EF), which is responsible for shell formation, harbors diverse and abundant microbial communities. Commensal microbial communities are vital to host health and fitness, yet long-term studies investigating temporal responses of the EF microbiome and its function in oyster fitness are lacking. In this study, bacterial communities of oyster EF and the water column were characterized monthly from October 2010 to September 2011. We investigated the selection, composition, and dynamics of resident and transient community members, evaluated the impact of temperature on EF microbial communities, and examined the functional role of the EF microbiome. Oyster EF communities were significantly different from the water column and were enriched for several taxa, including the Deltaproteobacteria, Epsilonproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria. Overall, 94 resident members were identified in oyster EF. These members were persistent and abundant, comprising on average 33% of EF communities. Resident EF communities formed high-temperature and low-temperature groups and were more abundant overall at colder temperatures. Oyster EF resident communities were predicted to be enriched for dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and sulfite reductase genes. Sulfate and nitrate reduction may have a synergistic effect on calcium carbonate precipitation and indirectly aid in shell formation. Therefore, the potential role of the oyster EF microbiome in shell formation warrants further investigation as oysters and other shellfish face the future impacts of ocean warming and acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric G. Sakowski
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19711
| | - K. Eric Wommack
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19711
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19711
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19711
| | - Shawn W. Polson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19711
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19711
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19711
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology and Department of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19711
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27
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Muth AF, Esbaugh AJ, Dunton KH. Physiological Responses of an Arctic Crustose Coralline Alga ( Leptophytum foecundum) to Variations in Salinity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1272. [PMID: 32973834 PMCID: PMC7466568 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the Beaufort Sea, Arctic crustose coralline algae (CCA) persist in an environment of high seasonal variability defined by naturally low pH ocean water and high magnitude freshwater pulses in the spring. The effects of salinity on the CCA Leptophytum foecundum were observed through a series of laboratory and field experiments in Stefansson Sound, Alaska. We found that salinity (treatments of 10, 20, and 30), independent of pH, affected L. foecundum physiology based on measurements of three parameters: photosynthetic yield, pigmentation, and calcium carbonate dissolution. Our experimental results revealed that L. foecundum individuals in the 10-salinity treatment exhibited an obvious stress response while those in the 20- and 30-salinity treatments were not significantly different for three parameters. Reciprocal in situ transplants and recruitment patterns between areas dominated by CCA and areas where CCA were absent illustrated that inshore locations receiving large pulses of freshwater were not suitable for CCA persistence. Ultimately, spatially and temporally varying salinity regimes levels affected distribution of CCA in the nearshore Arctic. These results have implications for epilithic benthic community structure in subtidal areas near freshwater sources and highlight the importance of salinity in CCA physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arley F. Muth
- Department of Marine Science, University of Texas Marine Science Institute, Port Aransas, TX, United States
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28
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Grenier C, Román R, Duarte C, Navarro JM, Rodriguez-Navarro AB, Ramajo L. The combined effects of salinity and pH on shell biomineralization of the edible mussel Mytilus chilensis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114555. [PMID: 32298937 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Coastal ecosystems influenced by river discharges are subjected to important environmental changes. Understanding how marine biota cope with its environment is relevant in predicting the responses to future conditions imposed by climate change. To date, a large number of studies have addressed the role of pH on shell and biomineralization properties on multiple calcifying species; however the role of salinity in combination with other stressors has been poorly studied. In particular, the edible mussel Mytilus chilensis, an important marine resource of the Chilean coasts, inhabits estuarine areas which show high natural variability in terms of pH and salinity. Here, we studied how M. chilensis shell periostracum, shell organic matrix and crystal orientation are affected by different pH (8.1 and 7.7) and salinity conditions (30, 25 and 20 psu), isolated and in combination, at different time intervals. Our results show differences in the plasticity of the different biomineralogical properties studied during the experiment under the different pH and salinity treatments. While the periostracum thickness and the total shell organic matter were not affected by pH and salinity, the periostracum organic composition did. Higher amounts of polysaccharides were observed under low pH conditions after 20 days of experiment, while after 60 days, low salinity was responsible for the decrease of the polysaccharides and proteins in the periostracum. Low salinity also produced a major disorder in crystal organization at the outer shell surface. Finally, total shell weight was only affected by low pH conditions under lower salinity conditions (20 psu). From the results, in the majority of the shell properties observed we did not observe any combined effect of pH and salinity. Also, we detected that the magnitude of the impacts of salinity and pH are variable and time-dependent. This would be suggesting some level of acclimatization of M. chilensis to lower pH and salinity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Grenier
- Departamento de Mineralogía y Petrología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada (UGR), Granada, Spain; Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada (UGR), Granada, Spain
| | - Rocío Román
- Departamento de Mineralogía y Petrología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada (UGR), Granada, Spain
| | - Cristian Duarte
- Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello (UNAB), Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge M Navarro
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile (UACH), Valdivia, Chile; Centro FONDAP de Investigación de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | | | - Laura Ramajo
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Coquimbo, Chile; Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático (CiiCC), Universidad Santo Tomás (UST), Santiago, Chile.
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29
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Clark MS, Peck LS, Arivalagan J, Backeljau T, Berland S, Cardoso JCR, Caurcel C, Chapelle G, De Noia M, Dupont S, Gharbi K, Hoffman JI, Last KS, Marie A, Melzner F, Michalek K, Morris J, Power DM, Ramesh K, Sanders T, Sillanpää K, Sleight VA, Stewart-Sinclair PJ, Sundell K, Telesca L, Vendrami DLJ, Ventura A, Wilding TA, Yarra T, Harper EM. Deciphering mollusc shell production: the roles of genetic mechanisms through to ecology, aquaculture and biomimetics. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:1812-1837. [PMID: 32737956 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Most molluscs possess shells, constructed from a vast array of microstructures and architectures. The fully formed shell is composed of calcite or aragonite. These CaCO3 crystals form complex biocomposites with proteins, which although typically less than 5% of total shell mass, play significant roles in determining shell microstructure. Despite much research effort, large knowledge gaps remain in how molluscs construct and maintain their shells, and how they produce such a great diversity of forms. Here we synthesize results on how shell shape, microstructure, composition and organic content vary among, and within, species in response to numerous biotic and abiotic factors. At the local level, temperature, food supply and predation cues significantly affect shell morphology, whilst salinity has a much stronger influence across latitudes. Moreover, we emphasize how advances in genomic technologies [e.g. restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-Seq) and epigenetics] allow detailed examinations of whether morphological changes result from phenotypic plasticity or genetic adaptation, or a combination of these. RAD-Seq has already identified single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with temperature and aquaculture practices, whilst epigenetic processes have been shown significantly to modify shell construction to local conditions in, for example, Antarctica and New Zealand. We also synthesize results on the costs of shell construction and explore how these affect energetic trade-offs in animal metabolism. The cellular costs are still debated, with CaCO3 precipitation estimates ranging from 1-2 J/mg to 17-55 J/mg depending on experimental and environmental conditions. However, organic components are more expensive (~29 J/mg) and recent data indicate transmembrane calcium ion transporters can involve considerable costs. This review emphasizes the role that molecular analyses have played in demonstrating multiple evolutionary origins of biomineralization genes. Although these are characterized by lineage-specific proteins and unique combinations of co-opted genes, a small set of protein domains have been identified as a conserved biomineralization tool box. We further highlight the use of sequence data sets in providing candidate genes for in situ localization and protein function studies. The former has elucidated gene expression modularity in mantle tissue, improving understanding of the diversity of shell morphology synthesis. RNA interference (RNAi) and clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats - CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) experiments have provided proof of concept for use in the functional investigation of mollusc gene sequences, showing for example that Pif (aragonite-binding) protein plays a significant role in structured nacre crystal growth and that the Lsdia1 gene sets shell chirality in Lymnaea stagnalis. Much research has focused on the impacts of ocean acidification on molluscs. Initial studies were predominantly pessimistic for future molluscan biodiversity. However, more sophisticated experiments incorporating selective breeding and multiple generations are identifying subtle effects and that variability within mollusc genomes has potential for adaption to future conditions. Furthermore, we highlight recent historical studies based on museum collections that demonstrate a greater resilience of molluscs to climate change compared with experimental data. The future of mollusc research lies not solely with ecological investigations into biodiversity, and this review synthesizes knowledge across disciplines to understand biomineralization. It spans research ranging from evolution and development, through predictions of biodiversity prospects and future-proofing of aquaculture to identifying new biomimetic opportunities and societal benefits from recycling shell products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody S Clark
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, U.K
| | - Lloyd S Peck
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, U.K
| | - Jaison Arivalagan
- UMR 7245 CNRS/MNHN Molécules de Communications et Adaptations des Micro-organismes, Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.,Proteomics Center of Excellence, Northwestern University, 710 N Fairbanks Ct, Chicago, IL, U.S.A
| | - Thierry Backeljau
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Rue Vautier 29, Brussels, B-1000, Belgium.,Evolutionary Ecology Group, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, B-2610, Belgium
| | - Sophie Berland
- UMR 7208 CNRS/MNHN/UPMC/IRD Biologie des Organismes Aquatiques et Ecosystèmes, Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Joao C R Cardoso
- Centro de Ciencias do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, 8005-139, Portugal
| | - Carlos Caurcel
- Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FL, U.K
| | - Gauthier Chapelle
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Rue Vautier 29, Brussels, B-1000, Belgium
| | - Michele De Noia
- Department of Animal Behavior, University of Bielefeld, Postfach 100131, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany.,Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Sam Dupont
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Göteburg, Box 463, Göteburg, SE405 30, Sweden
| | - Karim Gharbi
- Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FL, U.K
| | - Joseph I Hoffman
- Department of Animal Behavior, University of Bielefeld, Postfach 100131, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
| | - Kim S Last
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA, U.K
| | - Arul Marie
- UMR 7245 CNRS/MNHN Molécules de Communications et Adaptations des Micro-organismes, Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Frank Melzner
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, 24105, Germany
| | - Kati Michalek
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA, U.K
| | - James Morris
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Rue Vautier 29, Brussels, B-1000, Belgium
| | - Deborah M Power
- Centro de Ciencias do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, 8005-139, Portugal
| | - Kirti Ramesh
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, 24105, Germany
| | - Trystan Sanders
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, 24105, Germany
| | - Kirsikka Sillanpää
- Swemarc, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, Gothenburg, SE405 30, Sweden
| | - Victoria A Sleight
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Zoology Building, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, U.K
| | | | - Kristina Sundell
- Swemarc, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, Gothenburg, SE405 30, Sweden
| | - Luca Telesca
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EQ, U.K
| | - David L J Vendrami
- Department of Animal Behavior, University of Bielefeld, Postfach 100131, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
| | - Alexander Ventura
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Göteburg, Box 463, Göteburg, SE405 30, Sweden
| | - Thomas A Wilding
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA, U.K
| | - Tejaswi Yarra
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, U.K.,Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FL, U.K
| | - Elizabeth M Harper
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EQ, U.K
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30
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Ivanina AV, Jarrett A, Bell T, Rimkevicius T, Beniash E, Sokolova IM. Effects of seawater salinity and pH on cellular metabolism and enzyme activities in biomineralizing tissues of marine bivalves. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2020; 248:110748. [PMID: 32590052 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Molluscan shell formation is a complex energy demanding process sensitive to the shifts in seawater CaCO3 saturation due to changes in salinity and pH. We studied the effects of salinity and pH on energy demand and enzyme activities of biomineralizing cells of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and the hard-shell clam (Mercenaria mercenaria). Adult animals were exposed for 14 days to high (30), intermediate (18), or low (10) salinity at either high (8.0-8.2) or low (7.8) pH. Basal metabolic cost as well as the energy cost of the biomineralization-related cellular processes were determined in isolated mantle edge cells and hemocytes. The total metabolic rates were similar in the hemocytes of the two studied species, but considerably higher in the mantle cells of C. gigas compared with those of M. mercenaria. Cellular respiration was unaffected by salinity in the clams' cells, while in oysters' cells the highest respiration rate was observed at intermediate salinity (18). In both studied species, low pH suppressed cellular respiration. Low pH led to an upregulation of Na+/K+ ATPase activity in biomineralizing cells of oysters and clams. Activities of Ca2+ ATPase and H+ ATPase, as well as the cellular energy costs of Ca2+ and H+ transport in the biomineralizing cells were insensitive to the variation in salinity and pH in the two studied species. Variability in cellular response to low salinity and pH indicates that the disturbance of shell formation under these conditions has different underlying mechanisms in the two studied species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Ivanina
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA; Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Abigail Jarrett
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA; Department of Marine Biology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Tiffany Bell
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Tadas Rimkevicius
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Elia Beniash
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburg, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Inna M Sokolova
- Department of Marine Biology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany; Department of Maritime Systems, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
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31
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Liu Z, Zhang Y, Zhou Z, Zong Y, Zheng Y, Liu C, Kong N, Gao Q, Wang L, Song L. Metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling reveals the alteration of energy metabolism in oyster larvae during initial shell formation and under experimental ocean acidification. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6111. [PMID: 32273532 PMCID: PMC7145846 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62963-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine bivalves secrete calcified shells to protect their soft bodies from predation and damages, which is of great importance for their survival, and for the safety of the coastal ecosystem. In recent years, larval shell formation of marine bivalves has been severely affected by ocean acidification (OA), and previous study indicated that OA might affect such process by disrupting endogenous energy metabolism. Developmental stages from trochophore to D-shape larvae are extremely important for initial shell formation in oyster since a calcified shell was formed to cover the chitin one. In the present study, metabolomic and transcriptomic approaches were employed to investigate the energy metabolism of oyster larvae during initial shell (prodissoconch I, PDI shell) formation and under experimental OA treatment. Totally 230 chemical compounds were identified from the present dataset, most of which were highly expressed in the “middle” stage (early D-shape larvae) which was critical for PDI shell formation since a calcified shell was formed to cover the chitin one. Several compounds such as glucose, glutarylcarnitine (C5), β-hydroxyisovaleroylcarnitine, 5-methylthioadenosine (MTA), myristoleate (14:1n5) and palmitoleate (16:1n7) were identified, which were involved in energy metabolic processes including amino acid oxidation, glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway and fatty acid metabolism. In addition, mRNA expressions of genes related to protein metabolism, glycolysis, lipid degradation, calcium transport and organic matrix formation activities were significantly down-regulated upon experimental OA. These results collectively suggested that formation of the initial shell in oyster larvae required endogenous energy coming from amino acid oxidation, glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway and fatty acid metabolism. These metabolic activities could be severely inhibited by experimental OA, which might alter the allocation of endogenous energy. Insufficient endogenous energy supply then suppressed the mobilization of calcium and resulted in a failure or delay in PDI shell formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqun Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yanan Zong
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Ning Kong
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China. .,Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China. .,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China. .,Dalian Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China. .,Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China. .,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China. .,Dalian Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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32
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Spalt N, Murgulet D, Abdulla H. Spatial variation and availability of nutrients at an oyster reef in relation to submarine groundwater discharge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 710:136283. [PMID: 31918191 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is often an overlooked component of the solute budgets in coastal embayments and is not considered in oyster restoration, conservation, and management plans. A combination of spatial and temporal geochemistry (nutrients, trace metals, alkalinity components, stable isotopes, and major ions) of porewater and surface water combined with SGD-derived solute fluxes and turnover times was used to examine the significance of SGD in delivering nutrients to paleovalley systems in coastal embayments, thus sustaining the health and productivity of oyster reefs. A 1-km2 area encompassing a paleovalley system, in Copano Bay, Texas, exhibited significant differences in the spatial and temporal hydrogeochemical characteristics (major ions, stable isotopes and nutrients) along the reef when compared to the other environments (i.e., paleovalley, estuary-wide). Solute fluxes (i.e., dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), total alkalinity, DIC, etc.) are slightly larger at the reef, followed by the margin and shoreline. During dry conditions, SGD from the 1-km2 area was estimated to supply anywhere between two-fold to one order of magnitude more nitrogen (in the form of DIN) than the riverine inputs to Copano Bay. During a wet year SGD equates the river input in the form of DIN. In addition, SGD-based turnover times, averaging <11 days for all nutrients, are significantly shorter than the average estuary flushing time (i.e., 38 days). Results from this study suggest that SGD within a paleovalley system is an important component in the estuarine nutrient budget through significant inputs and cycling processes between the subsurface and water column, particularly during low surface flows. Thus, estuarine environments such as paleovalley margins and interfluves provide favorable conditions to oysters through preferably enhanced SGD solute fluxes and should be considered in oyster restoration efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Spalt
- Center for Water Supply Studies, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, United States of America
| | - Dorina Murgulet
- Center for Water Supply Studies, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, United States of America.
| | - Hussain Abdulla
- Center for Water Supply Studies, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, United States of America
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Chandra Rajan K, Vengatesen T. Molecular adaptation of molluscan biomineralisation to high-CO 2 oceans - The known and the unknown. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 155:104883. [PMID: 32072987 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.104883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High-CO2 induced ocean acidification (OA) reduces the calcium carbonate (CaCO3) saturation level (Ω) and the pH of oceans. Consequently, OA is causing a serious threat to several ecologically and economically important biomineralising molluscs. Biomineralisation is a highly controlled biochemical process by which molluscs deposit their calcareous structures. In this process, shell matrix proteins aid the nucleation, growth and assemblage of the CaCO3 crystals in the shell. These molluscan shell proteins (MSPs) are, ultimately, responsible for determination of the diverse shell microstructures and mechanical strength. Recent studies have attempted to integrate gene and protein expression data of MSPs with shell structure and mechanical properties. These advances made in understanding the molecular mechanism of biomineralisation suggest that molluscs either succumb or adapt to OA stress. In this review, we discuss the fate of biomineralisation process in future high-CO2 oceans and its ultimate impact on the mineralised shell's structure and mechanical properties from the perspectives of limited substrate availability theory, proton flux limitation model and the omega myth theory. Furthermore, studying the interplay of energy availability and differential gene expression is an essential first step towards understanding adaptation of molluscan biomineralisation to OA, because if there is a need to change gene expression under stressors, any living system would require more energy than usual. To conclude, we have listed, four important future research directions for molecular adaptation of molluscan biomineralisation in high-CO2 oceans: 1) Including an energy budgeting factor while understanding differential gene expression of MSPs and ion transporters under OA. 2) Unraveling the genetic or epigenetic changes related to biomineralisation under stressors to help solving a bigger picture about future evolution of molluscs, and 3) Understanding Post Translational Modifications of MSPs with and without stressors. 4) Understanding carbon uptake mechanisms across taxa with and without OA to clarify the OA theories on Ω.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanmani Chandra Rajan
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Thiyagarajan Vengatesen
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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34
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Sillanpää JK, Cardoso JCDR, Félix RC, Anjos L, Power DM, Sundell K. Dilution of Seawater Affects the Ca 2 + Transport in the Outer Mantle Epithelium of Crassostrea gigas. Front Physiol 2020; 11:1. [PMID: 32038307 PMCID: PMC6987452 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Varying salinities of coastal waters are likely to affect the physiology and ion transport capabilities of calcifying marine organisms such as bivalves. To investigate the physiological effect of decreased environmental salinity in bivalves, adult oysters (Crassostrea gigas) were exposed for 14 days to 50% seawater (14) and the effects on mantle ion transport, electrophysiology and the expression of Ca2+ transporters and channels relative to animals maintained in full strength sea water (28) was evaluated. Exposure of oysters to a salinity of 14 decreased the active mantle transepithelial ion transport and specifically affected Ca2+ transfer. Gene expression of the Na+/K+-ATPase and the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase was decreased whereas the expression of the T-type voltage-gated Ca channel and the Na+/Ca2+-exchanger increased compared to animals maintained in full SW. The results indicate that decreased environmental salinities will most likely affect not only osmoregulation but also bivalve biomineralization and shell formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kirsikka Sillanpää
- Fish Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Joao Carlos Dos Reis Cardoso
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Rute Castelo Félix
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Liliana Anjos
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Deborah Mary Power
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Kristina Sundell
- Fish Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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35
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Timmins‐Schiffman E, Guzmán JM, Elliott Thompson R, Vadopalas B, Eudeline B, Roberts SB. Dynamic response in the larval geoduck ( Panopea generosa) proteome to elevated pCO 2. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:185-197. [PMID: 31988722 PMCID: PMC6972802 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pacific geoducks (Panopea generosa) are clams found along the northeast Pacific coast where they are important components of coastal and estuarine ecosystems and a major aquaculture product. The Pacific coastline, however, is also experiencing rapidly changing ocean habitat, including significant reductions in pH. To better understand the physiological impact of ocean acidification on geoduck clams, we characterized for the first time the proteomic profile of this bivalve during larval development and compared it to that of larvae exposed to low pH conditions. Geoduck larvae were reared at pH 7.5 (ambient) or pH 7.1 in a commercial shellfish hatchery from day 6 to day 19 postfertilization and sampled at six time points for an in-depth proteomics analysis using high-resolution data-dependent analysis. Larvae reared at low pH were smaller than those reared at ambient pH, especially in the prodissoconch II phase of development, and displayed a delay in their competency for settlement. Proteomic profiles revealed that metabolic, cell cycle, and protein turnover pathways differed between the two pH and suggested that differing phenotypic outcomes between pH 7.5 and 7.1 are likely due to environmental disruptions to the timing of physiological events. In summary, ocean acidification results in elevated energetic demand on geoduck larvae, resulting in delayed development and disruptions to normal molecular developmental pathways, such as carbohydrate metabolism, cell growth, and protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José M. Guzmán
- School of Aquatic and Fishery SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Rhonda Elliott Thompson
- School of Aquatic and Fishery SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
- Taylor Shellfish HatcheryQuilceneWAUSA
- Mason County Public HealthSheltonWAUSA
| | | | | | - Steven B. Roberts
- School of Aquatic and Fishery SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
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36
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Fitzer SC, McGill RAR, Torres Gabarda S, Hughes B, Dove M, O'Connor W, Byrne M. Selectively bred oysters can alter their biomineralization pathways, promoting resilience to environmental acidification. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2019; 25:4105-4115. [PMID: 31554025 PMCID: PMC6899863 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Commercial shellfish aquaculture is vulnerable to the impacts of ocean acidification driven by increasing carbon dioxide (CO2 ) absorption by the ocean as well as to coastal acidification driven by land run off and rising sea level. These drivers of environmental acidification have deleterious effects on biomineralization. We investigated shell biomineralization of selectively bred and wild-type families of the Sydney rock oyster Saccostrea glomerata in a study of oysters being farmed in estuaries at aquaculture leases differing in environmental acidification. The contrasting estuarine pH regimes enabled us to determine the mechanisms of shell growth and the vulnerability of this species to contemporary environmental acidification. Determination of the source of carbon, the mechanism of carbon uptake and use of carbon in biomineral formation are key to understanding the vulnerability of shellfish aquaculture to contemporary and future environmental acidification. We, therefore, characterized the crystallography and carbon uptake in the shells of S. glomerata, resident in habitats subjected to coastal acidification, using high-resolution electron backscatter diffraction and carbon isotope analyses (as δ13 C). We show that oyster families selectively bred for fast growth and families selected for disease resistance can alter their mechanisms of calcite crystal biomineralization, promoting resilience to acidification. The responses of S. glomerata to acidification in their estuarine habitat provide key insights into mechanisms of mollusc shell growth under future climate change conditions. Importantly, we show that selective breeding in oysters is likely to be an important global mitigation strategy for sustainable shellfish aquaculture to withstand future climate-driven change to habitat acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rona A. R. McGill
- Scottish Universities Environmental Research CentreScottish Enterprise Technology ParkEast KilbrideUK
| | | | | | - Michael Dove
- New South Wales Department of Primary IndustriesFisheries NSWPort Stephens Fisheries InstituteTaylors BeachNSWAustralia
| | - Wayne O'Connor
- New South Wales Department of Primary IndustriesFisheries NSWPort Stephens Fisheries InstituteTaylors BeachNSWAustralia
| | - Maria Byrne
- School of Medical SciencesUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- School of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
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37
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Caricato R, Giordano ME, Schettino T, Maisano M, Mauceri A, Giannetto A, Cappello T, Parrino V, Ancora S, Caliani I, Bianchi N, Leonzio C, Mancini G, Cappello S, Fasulo S, Lionetto MG. Carbonic anhydrase integrated into a multimarker approach for the detection of the stress status induced by pollution exposure in Mytilus galloprovincialis: A field case study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 690:140-150. [PMID: 31284188 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The work was addressed to study the sensitivity of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA) to chemical pollution in the hepatopancreas of the bioindicator organism Mytilus galloprovincialis in the context of a multimarker approach in view of ecotoxicological biomonitoring and assessment application. The study was carried out by means of a transplanting experiment in the field, using caged organisms from an initial population exposed in the field in two areas of interest: Augusta-Melilli-Priolo, an heavy polluted industrial site (eastern Sicily, Italy), and Brucoli (eastern Sicily, Italy) an area not affected by any contamination and selected as a reference site. Mussels in Augusta presented a significant increase in the digestive gland CA activity and gene expression compared to the animals caged in the control site of Brucoli. The CA response in animals from the polluted site was paralleled by proliferation/increase in the size of lysosomes, as assessed by Lysosensor green charged cells, induction of metallothionein, up-regulation of hif-α (hypoxia-inducible factor), metabolic changes associated with protein metabolism, and changes in the condition factor. Biological responses data were integrated with information about sediment chemical analysis and metal residue concentration in animal soft tissues. In conclusion, obtained results highlighted the induction of CAs in the hepatopancreas of Mytilus galloprovincialis following to pollution exposure, and demonstrated its suitability to be integrated into a multimarker approach for the detection and characterization of the stress status induced by pollution exposure in this bioindicator organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Caricato
- Dip.to di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (DiSTeBA), Università del Salento, Via prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - M E Giordano
- Dip.to di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (DiSTeBA), Università del Salento, Via prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - T Schettino
- Dip.to di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (DiSTeBA), Università del Salento, Via prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - M Maisano
- Dip.to di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Via Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - A Mauceri
- Dip.to di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Via Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - A Giannetto
- Dip.to di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Via Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - T Cappello
- Dip.to di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Via Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - V Parrino
- Dip.to di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Via Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - S Ancora
- Dip.to di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, Università di Siena, strada Laterina, 8, Siena, Italy
| | - I Caliani
- Dip.to di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, Università di Siena, strada Laterina, 8, Siena, Italy
| | - N Bianchi
- Dip.to di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, Università di Siena, strada Laterina, 8, Siena, Italy
| | - C Leonzio
- Dip.to di Scienze Fisiche, della Terra e dell'Ambiente, Università di Siena, strada Laterina, 8, Siena, Italy
| | - G Mancini
- Dip.to di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica e Informatica, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, Catania, Italy
| | - S Cappello
- Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero, CNR, Spianata S. Raineri, 86, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - S Fasulo
- Dip.to di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Via Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - M G Lionetto
- Dip.to di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (DiSTeBA), Università del Salento, Via prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
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Gárate M, Moseman-Valtierra S, Moen A. Potential nitrous oxide production by marine shellfish in response to warming and nutrient enrichment. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 146:236-246. [PMID: 31426152 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bivalves facilitate microbial nitrogen cycling, which can produce nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas. Potential N2O production by three marine bivalves (Mytilus edulis, Mercenaria mercenaria and Crassostrea virginica) was measured in the laboratory including responses to nitrogen (N) loading and/or warming over short-terms (up to 14 or 28 days). N additions (targeting 100 μM-N ammonium nitrate) or warming (22 °C) individually and in combination were applied with experimental controls (20 μM-N, 19 °C). N2O production rates were higher with N additions for all species, but warming lacked significant direct effects. Ammonium and nitrate concentrations varied but were consistent with nitrification as a potential N2O source for all bivalves. Highest N2O emissions (7.5 nmol N2O g-1 h-1) were from M. edulis under hypoxic conditions coincident with a drop in pH. Macro-epifauna on M. edulis did not significantly alter N2O production. Thus, under short-term hypoxic conditions, micro-organisms in M. edulis guts may be a particularly significant source of N2O.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gárate
- Mass Audubon, 500 Walk Hill St, Boston, MA 02126
| | | | - A Moen
- URI Diving Safety Program, 215 South Ferry Road, Narragansett, RI 02882
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39
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Meng Y, Li C, Li H, Shih K, He C, Yao H, Thiyagarajan V. Recoverable impacts of ocean acidification on the tubeworm, Hydroides elegans: implication for biofouling in future coastal oceans. BIOFOULING 2019; 35:945-957. [PMID: 31687858 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2019.1673376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ocean uptake of anthropogenic CO2 causes ocean acidification (OA), which not only decreases the calcification rate, but also impairs the formation of calcareous shells or tubes in marine invertebrates such as the dominant biofouling tubeworm species, Hydroides elegans. This study examined the ability of tubeworms to resume normal tube calcification when returned to ambient pH 8.1 from a projected near-future OA level of pH 7.8. Tubeworms produced structurally impaired and mechanically weaker calcareous tubes at pH 7.8 compared to at pH 8.1, but were able to recover when the pH was restored to ambient levels. This suggests that tubeworms can physiologically recover from the impacts of OA on tube calcification, composition, density, hardness and stiffness when returned to optimal conditions. These results help understanding of the progression of biofouling communities dominated by tubeworms in future oceans with low pH induced by OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Meng
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chaoyi Li
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hangkong Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kaimin Shih
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chong He
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Haimin Yao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - V Thiyagarajan
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory for Marine Pollution, Hong Kong SAR, China
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40
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Dell'Acqua O, Trębala M, Chiantore M, Hannula SP. Robustness of Adamussium colbecki shell to ocean acidification in a short-term exposure. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 149:90-99. [PMID: 31254931 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric pCO2 has increased since the industrial revolution leading to a lowering of the ocean surface water pH, a phenomenon called ocean acidification (OA). OA is claimed to be a major threat for marine organisms and ecosystems and, particularly, for Polar regions. We explored the impact of OA on the shell mechanical properties of the Antarctic scallop Adamussium colbecki exposed for one month to acidified (pH 7.6) and natural conditions (unmanipulated littoral water), by performing Scanning Electron Microscopy, nanoindentation and Vickers indentation on the scallop shell. No effect of pH could be detected either in crystal deposition or in the mechanical properties. A. colbecki shell was found to be resistant to OA, which suggests this species to be able to face a climate change scenario that may threat the persistence of the endemic Antarctic species. Further investigation should be carried out in order to elucidate the destiny of this key species in light of global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ombretta Dell'Acqua
- Department for the Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DiSTAV), University of Genoa, Italy.
| | - Michal Trębala
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Mariachiara Chiantore
- Department for the Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DiSTAV), University of Genoa, Italy.
| | - Simo-Pekka Hannula
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.
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41
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Zheng Z, Xiong X, Zhang J, Lv S, Jiao Y, Deng Y. The global effects of PmRunt co-located and co-expressed with a lincRNA lncRunt in pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 91:209-215. [PMID: 31112790 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Runt related transcription factors as trans-acting elements play critical roles in the developmental control of cell fate, hematopoiesis, bone formation and cancers. In previous study, the homologue of runt related transcription factor PmRunt has been identified from pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii and considered to play an important role in nacre formation. In this study, we used the same samples to perform RNA-seq to detect the global effects after the decrease of PmRunt expression. The transcription levels of several nacre shell matrix protein (NSMP) genes were significantly changed and the potential compensatory effect could happen internal gene families. Downregulation of PmRunt could also influence the biosynthesis of NSMPs through affecting amino acid metabolism, translation, protein processing and export. The inhibition of PmRunt also possibly affected the expression of caspases, IAPs and C1qs that related to apoptosis and immune. In addition, PmRunt highly expressed at 12 h and 12 d after transplantation in hemolymph, which was corresponded to transplantation immunity immune response and the morphology of pearl sac, suggested the cross-talk of biomineralization-immune regulation in hemocytes. Furthermore, a lincRNA (LncRunt) that co-located with PmRunt was identified and showed a significantly relative expression with PmRunt, which suggested the potential regulation. Therefore, these findings provided new idea to find the regulation targets of runt-related transcription factors and offers evidence of lncRNAs in potential biomineralization-immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zheng
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Pearl Aquaculture and Process, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Xinwei Xiong
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Pearl Aquaculture and Process, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Jinghong Zhang
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Shijin Lv
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Yu Jiao
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Pearl Aquaculture and Process, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China.
| | - Yuewen Deng
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Pearl Aquaculture and Process, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524025, China.
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42
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Keller DA, Gittman RK, Brodeur MC, Kenworthy MD, Ridge JT, Yeager LA, Rodriguez AB, Fodrie FJ. Salt marsh shoreline geomorphology influences the success of restored oyster reefs and use by associated fauna. Restor Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle A. Keller
- Institute of Marine Sciences University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 3431 Arendell Street, Morehead City, NC 28557 U.S.A
| | - Rachel K. Gittman
- Institute of Marine Sciences University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 3431 Arendell Street, Morehead City, NC 28557 U.S.A
- Present address: Department of Biology and Coastal Studies Institute East Carolina University Greenville NC 27858 U.S.A
| | - Michelle C. Brodeur
- Institute of Marine Sciences University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 3431 Arendell Street, Morehead City, NC 28557 U.S.A
- Present address: North Carolina National Estuarine Research Reserve, 101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, NC 28516 U.S.A
| | - Matthew D. Kenworthy
- Institute of Marine Sciences University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 3431 Arendell Street, Morehead City, NC 28557 U.S.A
| | - Justin T. Ridge
- Institute of Marine Sciences University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 3431 Arendell Street, Morehead City, NC 28557 U.S.A
- Present address: Division of Marine Science and Conservation Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University Beaufort NC 28516 U.S.A
| | - Lauren A. Yeager
- University of Texas at Austin, Marine Science Institute, 750 Channel View Drive, Port Aransas, TX 78373 U.S.A
| | - Antonio B. Rodriguez
- Institute of Marine Sciences University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 3431 Arendell Street, Morehead City, NC 28557 U.S.A
| | - F. Joel Fodrie
- Institute of Marine Sciences University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 3431 Arendell Street, Morehead City, NC 28557 U.S.A
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43
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Andrade M, De Marchi L, Pretti C, Chiellini F, Morelli A, Figueira E, Rocha RJM, Soares AMVM, Freitas R. The impacts of warming on the toxicity of carbon nanotubes in mussels. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 145:11-21. [PMID: 30771907 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
With the increased production and research on nanoparticles, the presence of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in aquatic systems is very likely to increase. Although it has been shown that CNTs may cause toxicity in marine organisms, to our knowledge, the possible impacts under global temperature increase is still unknown. For this reason, biochemical and physiological impacts induced in Mytilus galloprovincialis due to the presence of functionalized multi-walled CNTs (f-MWCNTs) and increased temperature were investigated in the present study. The mussels exposed to increased temperature alone presented higher metabolic capacity and expenditure of glycogen as an energy resource to fuel up defense mechanisms and thus preventing oxidative damage. Contrarily, organisms exposed to f-MWCNTs alone seemed not stressed enough to demonstrate differences in the metabolism capacity. Furthermore, f-MWCNTs seemed not able to significantly activate their antioxidant and biotransformation enzymes, which in turn may led to oxidative damage in the cells especially when organisms were exposed to a warmer temperature. In fact, at higher temperature, the antioxidant response of organisms exposed to f-MWCNTs was not effective and oxidative damage levels were observed. Nevertheless, no additive or synergetic effects were observed when mussels were exposed to both stressors simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalena Andrade
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Lucia De Marchi
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlo Pretti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, Pisa, 56122, Italy; Consortium for the Interuniversity Center of Marine Biology and Applied Ecology, Livorno, Italy
| | - Federica Chiellini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Udr INSTM Pisa, Pisa, 56126, Italy
| | - Andrea Morelli
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Udr INSTM Pisa, Pisa, 56126, Italy
| | - Etelvina Figueira
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rui J M Rocha
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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44
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Meng Y, Guo Z, Yao H, Yeung KWK, Thiyagarajan V. Calcium carbonate unit realignment under acidification: A potential compensatory mechanism in an edible estuarine oyster. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 139:141-149. [PMID: 30686412 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) is well-known for impairing marine calcification; however, the end response of several essential species to this perturbation remains unknown. Decreased pH and saturation levels (Ω) of minerals under OA is projected to alter shell crystallography and thus to reduce shell mechanical properties. This study examined this hypothesis using a commercially important estuarine oyster Magallana hongkongensis. Although shell damage occurred on the outmost prismatic layer and the undying myostracum at decreased pH 7.6 and 7.3, the major foliated layer was relatively unharmed. Oysters maintained their shell hardness and stiffness through altered crystal unit orientation under pH 7.6 conditions. However, under the undersaturated conditions (ΩCal ~ 0.8) at pH 7.3, the realigned crystal units in foliated layer ultimately resulted in less stiff shells which indicated although estuarine oysters are mechanically resistant to unfavorable calcification conditions, extremely low pH condition is still a threat to this essential species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Meng
- The Swire Institute of Marine Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Zhenbin Guo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Haimin Yao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kelvin W K Yeung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - V Thiyagarajan
- The Swire Institute of Marine Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; State Key Laboratory for Marine Pollution, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
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45
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Biomineralization Forming Process and Bio-inspired Nanomaterials for Biomedical Application: A Review. MINERALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/min9020068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biomineralization is a process in which organic matter and inorganic matter combine with each other under the regulation of living organisms. Because of the biomineralization-induced super survivability and retentivity, biomineralization has attracted special attention from biologists, archaeologists, chemists, and materials scientists for its tracer and transformation effect in rock evolution study and nanomaterials synthesis. However, controlling the biomineralization process in vitro as precisely as intricate biology systems still remains a challenge. In this review, the regulating roles of temperature, pH, and organics in biominerals forming process were reviewed. The artificially introducing and utilization of biomineralization, the bio-inspired synthesis of nanomaterials, in biomedical fields was further discussed, mainly in five potential fields: drug and cell-therapy engineering, cancer/tumor target engineering, bone tissue engineering, and other advanced biomedical engineering. This review might help other interdisciplinary researchers to bionic-manufacture biominerals in molecular-level for developing more applications of biomineralization.
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46
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Andrade M, De Marchi L, Soares AMVM, Rocha RJM, Figueira E, Freitas R. Are the effects induced by increased temperature enhanced in Mytilus galloprovincialis submitted to air exposure? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 647:431-440. [PMID: 30086495 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Intertidal mussel species are frequently exposed to changes of environmental parameters related to tidal regimes that include a multitude of stressors that they must avoid or tolerate by developing adaptive strategies. In particular, besides air exposure during low tides, intertidal mussels are also subjected to warming and, consequently, to higher risk of desiccation. However, scarce information is available regarding the responses of mussels to tidal regimes, particularly in the presence of other stressors such as increased temperature. Investigating the impacts of such combination of conditions will allow to understand the possible impacts that both factors interaction may generate to these intertidal organisms. To this end, the present study evaluated the impacts of different temperatures (18 °C and 21 °C) on Mytilus galloprovincialis when continuously submersed or exposed to a tidal regime for 14 days. Results showed that in mussels exposed to increased temperature under submersion conditions, the stress induced was enough to activate mussels' antioxidant defenses (namely glutathione peroxidase, GPx), preventing oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation, LPO; protein carbonylation, PC). In mussels exposed to tides at control temperature, metabolic capacity increased (electron transport system activity, ETS), and GPx was induced, despite resulting in increased LPO levels. Moreover, the combination of tides and temperature increase led to a significant decrease of lipid (LIP) content, activation of antioxidant defenses (superoxide dismutase, SOD; GPx) and increase of oxidized glutathione (GSSG), despite these mechanisms were not sufficient to prevent increased cellular damage. Therefore, the combination of increased temperature and air exposure induced higher oxidative stress in mussels. These findings indicate that increasing global warming could be more impacting to intertidal organisms compared to organisms continuously submersed. Furthermore, our results indicate that air exposure can act as a confounding factor when assessing the impacts of different stressors in organisms living in coastal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalena Andrade
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Lucia De Marchi
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rui J M Rocha
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Etelvina Figueira
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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47
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Byrne M, Fitzer S. The impact of environmental acidification on the microstructure and mechanical integrity of marine invertebrate skeletons. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 7:coz062. [PMID: 31737270 PMCID: PMC6846232 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coz062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA), from seawater uptake of anthropogenic CO2, has a suite of negative effects on the ability of marine invertebrates to produce and maintain their skeletons. Increased organism pCO2 causes hypercapnia, an energetically costly physiological stress. OA alters seawater carbonate chemistry, limiting the carbonate available to form the calcium carbonate (CaCO3) minerals used to build skeletons. The reduced saturation state of CaCO3 also causes corrosion of CaCO3 structures. Global change is also accelerating coastal acidification driven by land-run off (e.g. acid soil leachates, tannic acid). Building and maintaining marine biomaterials in the face of changing climate will depend on the balance between calcification and dissolution. Overall, in response to environmental acidification, many calcifiers produce less biomineral and so have smaller body size. Studies of skeleton development in echinoderms and molluscs across life stages show the stunting effect of OA. For corals, linear extension may be maintained, but at the expense of less dense biomineral. Conventional metrics used to quantify growth and calcification need to be augmented by characterisation of the changes to biomineral structure and mechanical integrity caused by environmental acidification. Scanning electron microscopy and microcomputed tomography of corals, tube worms and sea urchins exposed to experimental (laboratory) and natural (vents, coastal run off) acidification show a less dense biomineral with greater porosity and a larger void space. For bivalves, CaCO3 crystal deposition is more chaotic in response to both ocean and coastal acidification. Biomechanics tests reveal that these changes result in weaker, more fragile skeletons, compromising their vital protective roles. Vulnerabilities differ among taxa and depend on acidification level. Climate warming has the potential to ameliorate some of the negative effects of acidification but may also make matters worse. The integrative morphology-ecomechanics approach is key to understanding how marine biominerals will perform in the face of changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Byrne
- School of Medical Science and School of Life and Environmental Science, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Corresponding author: School of Medical Science and School of Life and Environmental Science, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Susan Fitzer
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK
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48
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Lemasson AJ, Hall-Spencer JM, Kuri V, Knights AM. Changes in the biochemical and nutrient composition of seafood due to ocean acidification and warming. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 143:82-92. [PMID: 30471787 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification and warming may threaten future seafood production, safety and quality by negatively impacting the fitness of marine species. Identifying changes in nutritional quality, as well as species most at risk, is crucial if societies are to secure food production. Here, changes in the biochemical composition and nutritional properties of the commercially valuable oysters, Magallana gigas and Ostrea edulis, were evaluated following a 12-week exposure to six ocean acidification and warming scenarios that were designed to reflect the temperature (+3 °C above ambient) and atmospheric pCO2 conditions (increase of 350-600 ppm) predicted for the mid-to end-of-century. Results suggest that O. edulis, and especially M. gigas, are likely to become less nutritious (i.e. containing lower levels of protein, lipid, and carbohydrate), and have reduced caloric content under ocean acidification and warming. Important changes to essential mineral composition under ocean acidification and warming were evident in both species; enhanced accumulation of copper in M. gigas may be of concern regarding consumption safety. In light of these findings, the aquaculture industry may wish to consider a shift in focus toward species that are most robust to climate change and less prone to deterioration in quality, in order to secure future food provision and socio-economic benefits of aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Lemasson
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8A, UK.
| | - J M Hall-Spencer
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8A, UK; Shimoda Marine Research Centre, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda City, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - V Kuri
- Food, Health and Nutrition, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - A M Knights
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8A, UK
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49
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Lu Y, Wang L, Wang L, Cong Y, Yang G, Zhao L. Deciphering carbon sources of mussel shell carbonate under experimental ocean acidification and warming. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 142:141-146. [PMID: 30337051 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification and warming is widely reported to affect the ability of marine bivalves to calcify, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. In particular, the response of their calcifying fluid carbonate chemistry to changing seawater carbonate chemistry remains poorly understood. The present study deciphers sources of the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the calcifying fluid of the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) reared at two pH (8.1 and 7.7) and temperature (16 and 22 °C) levels for five weeks. Stable carbon isotopic ratios of seawater DIC, mussel soft tissues and shells were measured to determine the relative contribution of seawater DIC and metabolically generated carbon to the internal calcifying DIC pool. At pH 8.1, the percentage of seawater DIC synthesized into shell carbonate decreases slightly from 83.8% to 80.3% as temperature increases from 16 to 22 °C. Under acidified conditions, estimates of percent seawater DIC incorporation decreases clearly to 65.6% at 16 °C and to 62.3% at 22 °C, respectively. These findings indicate that ongoing ocean acidification and warming may interfere with the calcification physiology of M. edulis through interfering with its ability to efficiently extract seawater DIC to the calcifying front.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Lu
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Lianshun Wang
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yuting Cong
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Guojun Yang
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Liqiang Zhao
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8564, Japan; Institute of Geosciences, University of Mainz, Mainz, 55128, Germany.
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50
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Lemasson AJ, Hall-Spencer JM, Fletcher S, Provstgaard-Morys S, Knights AM. Indications of future performance of native and non-native adult oysters under acidification and warming. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 142:178-189. [PMID: 30352700 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Globally, non-native species (NNS) have been introduced and now often entirely replace native species in captive aquaculture; in part, a result of a perceived greater resilience of NSS to climate change and disease. Here, the effects of ocean acidification and warming on metabolic rate, feeding rate, and somatic growth was assessed using two co-occurring species of oysters - the introduced Pacific oyster Magallana gigas (formerly Crassostrea gigas), and native flat oyster Ostrea edulis. Biological responses to increased temperature and pCO2 combinations were tested, the effects differing between species. Metabolic rates and energetic demands of both species were increased by warming but not by elevated pCO2. While acidification and warming did not affect the clearance rate of O. edulis, M. gigas displayed a 40% decrease at 750 ppm pCO2. Similarly, the condition index of O. edulis was unaffected, but that of M. gigas was negatively impacted by warming, likely due to increased energetic demands that were not compensated for by increased feeding. These findings suggest differing stress from anthropogenic CO2 emissions between species and contrary to expectations, this was higher in introduced M. gigas than in the native O. edulis. If these laboratory findings hold true for populations in the wild, then continued CO2 emissions can be expected to adversely affect the functioning and structure of M. gigas populations with significant ecological and economic repercussions, especially for aquaculture. Our findings strengthen arguments in favour of investment in O. edulis restoration in UK waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaëlle J Lemasson
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK; Marine Conservation and Policy Research Centre, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.
| | - Jason M Hall-Spencer
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK; Shimoda Marine Research Centre, Tsukuba University, Japan
| | - Stephen Fletcher
- Marine Conservation and Policy Research Centre, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK; UN Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Samuel Provstgaard-Morys
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK
| | - Antony M Knights
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK
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