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Fröberg A, Sacco L, Suorsa K, Leskinen T, Hettiarachchi P, Svartengren M, Stenholm S, Westerlund H. Changes in Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time Across Retirement Transition as a Predictor of Self-Rated Health. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:778-786. [PMID: 38702051 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retirement transition has been shown to associate with changes in physical activity (PA) and self-rated health (SRH), but their interrelationship is less studied. The aim was to investigate changes in accelerometer-measured total PA, moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), and sedentary time across retirement transition as a predictor of SRH. METHODS Data from the Swedish Retirement Study and the Finnish Retirement and Aging study were harmonized and pooled. Data from 3 waves (about 12 mo apart) were included: 1 preretirement (wave 1) and 2 postretirement follow-ups (wave 2-3). A totally of 245 participants (27% men) were included. Thigh-worn accelerometers were used to collect data for PA variables (wave 1-2), and SRH was obtained from the questionnaire (wave 1-3). RESULTS Between wave 1 and 2, total PA decreased with 11 (CI, -22 to -1) minutes per day, MVPA was stable (0 [CI, -3 to 3] min), and sedentary time decreased nonsignificantly with 9 (CI, -20 to 1) minutes. SRH changed between all 3 waves (all P < .001). At preretirement, 10 more minutes of MVPA was associated with greater odds of better SRH when adjusting for accelerometer wear-time, cohort, sex, age, and occupational status (odds ratio: 1.11 [95% CI, 1.02-1.22]). This association was no longer statistically significant when additionally adjusting for marital status, body mass index, and smoking. No significant associations were observed between changes in the PA variables during retirement transition and SRH at postretirement follow-ups. CONCLUSIONS This study showed a cross-sectional association between MVPA and greater odds of reporting better SRH before retirement. No longitudinal associations were observed between changes in the PA variables from before to after retirement and later changes in SRH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Fröberg
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lawrence Sacco
- Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristin Suorsa
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Center for Population Health Research, University of Turku, and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tuija Leskinen
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Center for Population Health Research, University of Turku, and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Magnus Svartengren
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sari Stenholm
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Center for Population Health Research, University of Turku, and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Hugo Westerlund
- Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Zhao Y, Li B, Qin H, Li Y, Zhang X, Fu F, Tang X. Knowledge of deep vein thrombosis among nursing interns: A cross-sectional study. Nurse Educ Pract 2024; 75:103915. [PMID: 38340481 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2024.103915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
AIM The aims of this study were: (1) to validate whether the Knowledge and Practices of Nurses on Deep Vein Thrombosis Risks and Prophylaxis Knowledge (KPNDVT-K) subscale could effectively measure the level of DVT knowledge of nursing interns; (2) to determine the level of DVT knowledge of nursing interns; and (3) to analyse the factors affecting the level of DVT knowledge of nursing interns. BACKGROUND The effective prevention of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients requires nursing staff to have a solid knowledge base of DVT. The level of knowledge about DVT among nursing interns ultimately affects their ability to play an important role in DVT prevention as a qualified nurse. To improve DVT prevention, the current level of knowledge needs to be explored. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional survey. METHODS Basic information was collected from the nursing interns. The KPNDVT-K subscale was used to assess the level of knowledge of DVT among nursing interns. RESULTS The KPNDVT-K subscale was used to measure the DVT knowledge of nursing interns with good reliability and validity (difficulty p=0.304-0.426; differentiation D=0.422-0.540; Cronbach's alpha =0.724-0.950; R=0.766). The passing rate for the nursing interns' DVT knowledge was 75.1%, which was in the middle level. Sex (β=-1.471, P=0.007), Home location (β=-0.627, P=0.014), Understanding of channels (hospital teachers) (β=0.688, P=0.008), Internship (β=-1.625, P=0.035; β=-1.435, P=0.038) were the main influences on nursing interns' knowledge of DVT. CONCLUSIONS The KPNDVT-K subscale has high applicability in the measurement of DVT knowledge of nursing interns. The knowledge of DVT among nursing interns was satisfactory and the knowledge related to DVT preventive measures was good. Nursing educators should take active measures in both schools and hospitals to improve the DVT knowledge of nursing interns to reduce the occurrence of DVT in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Nursing Department of Xinjiang Medical University, China; Health Care Research Center for Xinjiang Regional population, China.
| | - Boya Li
- Nursing Department of Xinjiang Medical University, China
| | - Huaqing Qin
- Nursing Department of Xinjiang Medical University, China
| | - Yinglan Li
- Nursing Department of Xinjiang Medical University, China; Health Care Research Center for Xinjiang Regional population, China; Xiang Ya Hospital, Central South University, China.
| | - Xiumin Zhang
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Hospital, China
| | - Feng Fu
- Nursing Department of Xinjiang Medical University, China
| | - Xiaogui Tang
- Nursing Department of Xinjiang Medical University, China
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Stenholm S, Suorsa K, Leskinen T, Myllyntausta S, Pulakka A, Pentti J, Vahtera J. Finnish Retirement and Aging Study: a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e076976. [PMID: 38072496 PMCID: PMC10729264 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The Finnish Retirement and Aging (FIREA) Study was set up to study changes in health behavioural and cardiometabolic risk factors across retirement transition, and to examine the long-term consequences of work and retirement on health and functioning with advancing age. PARTICIPANTS Public sector workers whose estimated statutory retirement date was in 2014-2019 were invited to participate by sending them a questionnaire 18 months prior to their estimated retirement date. In the first phase of the FIREA Study, participants were followed up with annual surveys, accelerometer and clinical measurements during retirement transition into post-retirement years. The FIREA survey cohort includes 6783 participants, of which 908 belong also to the activity substudy and 290 to the clinical substudy. FINDINGS TO DATE Collected data include survey measures about health, lifestyle factors, psychosocial distress, work-related factors as well as retirement intentions. Accelerometer and GPS devices are used to measure 24-hour movement behaviours. Clinical examination includes blood and hair sample, measurements of anthropometry, cardiovascular function, physical fitness, physical and cognitive function. Our results suggest that in general retirement transition seems to have beneficial influence on health behaviours as well as on physical and mental health, but there are large individual differences, and certain behaviours such as sedentariness tend to increase especially among those retiring from manual occupations. FUTURE PLANS The second phase of the FIREA Study will be conducted during 2023-2025, when participants are 70 years old. The FIREA Study welcomes research collaboration proposals that fall within the general aims of the project.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sari Stenholm
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Services, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kristin Suorsa
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tuija Leskinen
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Saana Myllyntausta
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, Turun Yliopisto, Turku, Finland
| | - Anna Pulakka
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Pentti
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Vahtera
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Lintuaho R, Saltychev M, Pentti J, Vahtera J, Stenholm S. Concurrent changes in physical activity and physical functioning during retirement transition-a multi-trajectory analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293506. [PMID: 37883487 PMCID: PMC10602340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity and physical functioning have been reported to change over retirement transition, but the results have been inconsistent, and the two constructs have not been studied concurrently. The objective of this study was to examine concurrent changes in physical activity and physical functioning during transition to retirement among public sector employees, and to examine if occupation, sex, marital status, body mass index (BMI), alcohol consumption and smoking status are associated with observed different multi-trajectory paths. METHODS 3,550 participants of the Finnish Retirement and Aging study responded to an annual survey on physical activity and physical functioning (SF-36) before and after retirement. Group-based multi-trajectory analysis was used to identify clusters with dissimilar concurrent changes in physical activity and physical functioning. Multinomial regression analysis was used to describe the associations between covariates and the probability of being classified to a certain cluster. RESULTS Participants were 63.4 (SD 1.4) years old, 83% women, 65% professional workers. Four trajectories of concurrent changes in physical activity and physical functioning were identified, one with decreasing physical functioning and low activity, one with increasing high activity and stable high functioning and two with fluctuating moderate physical activity and stable high functioning. Single, women, obese participants and risk-users of alcohol were more likely to be classified into group with low physical activity and declining physical functioning. CONCLUSIONS Low physical activity below the level usually recommended was associated with lower physical functioning during retirement transition. These findings could be useful when planning interventions for retirees to maintain their physical functioning level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roosa Lintuaho
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Mikhail Saltychev
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jaana Pentti
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Vahtera
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Sari Stenholm
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Services, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Suorsa K, Gupta N, Leskinen T, Andersen LL, Pasanen J, Hettiarachchi P, Johansson PJ, Pentti J, Vahtera J, Stenholm S. Modifications of 24-h movement behaviors to prevent obesity in retirement: a natural experiment using compositional data analysis. Int J Obes (Lond) 2023; 47:922-930. [PMID: 37221289 PMCID: PMC10511314 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01326-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retirement often leads to a more passive lifestyle and may therefore lead to weight gain. This study aims to investigate longitudinal associations between changes in 24-h movement behaviors and BMI and waist circumference in relation to the transition from work to retirement. METHODS The study population included 213 retiring public sector workers (mean age 63.5 years, standard deviation 1.1) from the Finnish Retirement and Aging study. Before and after retirement participants wore an Axivity accelerometer on their thigh and filled in a daily log for at least four days to measure daily time spent sleeping, in sedentary behavior (SED), light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Also, their body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were measured repeatedly. Compositional linear regression analysis and isotemporal substitution analysis were used to study associations between one-year changes in 24-h movement behaviors and concurrent changes in BMI and waist circumference. RESULTS An increase in MVPA in relation to sleep, SED and LPA was associated with a decreasing BMI (β = -0.60, p = 0.04) and waist circumference (β = -2.14, p = 0.05) over one year from before retirement to after retirement. In contrast, increasing sleep in relation to SED, LPA and MVPA was associated with an increasing BMI (β = 1.34, p = 0.02). Reallocating 60 min from MVPA to SED or sleep was estimated to increase BMI by on average 0.8-0.9 kg/m2 and waist circumference by 3.0 cm during one year. CONCLUSIONS During the transition from work to retirement, increasing MVPA was associated with a slight decrease in BMI and waist circumference, whereas increasing sleep was associated with an increasing BMI. Common life transitions, like retirement, should be considered when giving recommendations and guidance for physical activity and sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Suorsa
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tuija Leskinen
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Lars L Andersen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesse Pasanen
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Pasan Hettiarachchi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Peter J Johansson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jaana Pentti
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Vahtera
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Sari Stenholm
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Lintuaho R, Saltychev M, Pentti J, Vahtera J, Stenholm S. Physical activity and self-rated health during retirement transition: a multitrajectory analysis of concurrent changes among public sector employees. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e073876. [PMID: 37775283 PMCID: PMC10546116 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to evaluate concurrent changes in physical activity and self-rated health during retirement transition over 4 years by multivariate trajectory analysis and to examine whether sociodemographic and lifestyle factors predict the probability of being classified to a certain subgroup of observed changes. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Public sector employees. PARTICIPANTS 3550 participants of the Finnish Retirement and Aging study. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Participants estimated on a yearly questionnaire their weekly hours of different types of activities converted to metabolic equivalent of task-hour/week. Self-rated health was assessed on a 5-point Likert-like scale from poor to excellent and dichotomised as suboptimal and optimal. Multivariate trajectory analysis was used to distinguish different subgroups of trajectories. Multinomial regression analysis was used to describe the associations between covariates and the probability of being classified to a certain trajectory group. RESULTS Three trajectory groups were identified, all displaying increasing activity during retirement with a simultaneous decrease in perceived suboptimal health. Physical activity peaked at 18 months after retirement and then slightly decreased, except for initially highly physically active participants (9%) with good self-rated health, who demonstrated a constant high level of physical activity. Male gender, professional occupation, being married or cohabiting, body mass index <30 kg/m2, not smoking and using alcohol below risk levels were associated with higher physical activity and better self-rated health. CONCLUSION Changes in physical activity and perceived health during retirement transition were interconnected. Both were improved during retirement transition, but the change was temporary. Longer follow-up studies are required to assess the changes over a longer period after retirement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roosa Lintuaho
- Department of Emergency Medicine, TYKS Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, TYKS Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Mikhail Saltychev
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, TYKS Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jaana Pentti
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Vahtera
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sari Stenholm
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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LESKINEN TUIJA, LIMA PASSOS VALÉRIA, DAGNELIE PIETERC, SAVELBERG HANSHCM, DE GALAN BASTIAANE, EUSSEN SIMONEJPM, STEHOUWER COENDA, STENHOLM SARI, KOSTER ANNEMARIE. Daily Physical Activity Patterns and Their Associations with Cardiometabolic Biomarkers: The Maastricht Study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:837-846. [PMID: 36728772 PMCID: PMC10090323 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to identify physical activity patterns and examine their association with cardiometabolic biomarkers in a cross-sectional design. METHODS Overall 6072 participants (mean age, 60.2 yr; SD 8.6 yr, 50% women) from The Maastricht Study provided daily physical activity data collected with thigh-worn activPAL3 accelerometers. The patterns of daily physical activity over weekdays and weekend days were identified by using Group Based Trajectory Modeling. Cardiometabolic biomarkers included body mass index, waist circumference, office blood pressure, glucose, HbA1c, and cholesterol levels. Associations between the physical activity patterns and cardiometabolic outcomes were examined using the analyses of covariance adjusted for sex, age, education, smoking, and diet. Because of statistically significant interaction, the analyses were stratified by type 2 diabetes status. RESULTS Overall, seven physical activity patterns were identified: consistently inactive (21% of participants), consistently low active (41%), active on weekdays (15%), early birds (2%), consistently moderately active (7%), weekend warriors (8%), and consistently highly active (6%). The consistently inactive and low active patterns had higher body mass index, waist, and glucose levels compared with the consistently moderately and highly active patterns, and these associations were more pronounced for participants with type 2 diabetes. The more irregular patterns accumulated moderate daily total activity levels but had rather similar cardiometabolic profiles compared with the consistently active groups. CONCLUSIONS The cardiometabolic profile was most favorable in the consistently highly active group. All patterns accumulating moderate to high levels of daily total physical activity had similar health profile suggesting that the amount of daily physical activity rather than the pattern is more important for cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- TUIJA LESKINEN
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FINLAND
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FINLAND
| | - VALÉRIA LIMA PASSOS
- Department of Methodology and Statistics, and Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, NETHERLANDS
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), IRELAND
| | - PIETER C. DAGNELIE
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, NETHERLANDS
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, NETHERLANDS
| | - HANS H. C. M. SAVELBERG
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, NETHERLANDS
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, NETHERLANDS
| | - BASTIAAN E. DE GALAN
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, NETHERLANDS
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, NETHERLANDS
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, NETHERLANDS
| | - SIMONE J. P. M. EUSSEN
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, NETHERLANDS
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, NETHERLANDS
- CAPRHI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, NETHERLANDS
| | - COEN D. A. STEHOUWER
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, NETHERLANDS
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, NETHERLANDS
| | - SARI STENHOLM
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FINLAND
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FINLAND
| | - ANNEMARIE KOSTER
- CAPRHI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, NETHERLANDS
- Department of social medicine, Maastricht University, NETHERLANDS
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Pasanen S, Halonen JI, Suorsa K, Leskinen T, Kestens Y, Thierry B, Pentti J, Vahtera J, Stenholm S. Does work-related and commuting physical activity predict changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior during the transition to retirement? GPS and accelerometer study. Health Place 2023; 81:103025. [PMID: 37116252 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
We examined how GPS and accelerometer measured work-related and commuting physical activity contribute to changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior during the retirement transition in the Finnish Retirement and Aging study (n = 118). Lower work-related activity was associated with a decrease in sedentary time and an increase in light physical activity during retirement. Conversely, higher work-related activity was associated with an increase in sedentary time and a decrease in light physical activity, except among those active workers who also were active commuters. Thus, both work-related and commuting physical activity predict changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior when retiring.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pasanen
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
| | - J I Halonen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - K Suorsa
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - T Leskinen
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Y Kestens
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique (CReSP), Montreal, Canada; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - B Thierry
- Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique (CReSP), Montreal, Canada
| | - J Pentti
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Vahtera
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - S Stenholm
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Multi-trajectory analysis of changes in physical activity and body mass index in relation to retirement: Finnish Retirement and Aging study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278405. [PMID: 36454722 PMCID: PMC9714751 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity and body mass index (BMI) have been reported to change around retirement. The objective was to examine the concurrent changes in physical activity and BMI around retirement, which have not been studied before. In addition, the associations of different demographic characteristics with these changes were examined. METHODS The prospective cohort study consisted of 3,351 participants in the ongoing Finnish Retirement and Ageing Study (FIREA). Repeated postal survey, including questions on physical activity and body weight and height, was conducted once a year up to five times before and after the retirement transition, the mean follow-up time being 3.6 years (SD 0.7). Group-based multi-trajectory modeling was used to identify several clusters with dissimilar concurrent changes in physical activity and BMI within the studied cohort. RESULTS Of the participants, 83% were women. The mean age at the last wave before retirement was 63.3 (SD 1.4) years. Four clusters with different trajectories of physical activity and BMI were identified. BMI remained stable around retirement transition in all four clusters, varying from normal weight to class II obesity. The association of BMI trajectories with physical activity levels were inverse, however, each activity trajectory showed a temporary increase during the retirement transition. CONCLUSIONS Retirement seems to have more effect on physical activity than BMI, showing a temporary increase in physical activity at the time of retirement.
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Spiteri K, Xerri de Caro J, Grafton K, Laventure B, Broom DR. Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour with Retirement in Maltese Civil Servants: A Dialectical Mixed-Method Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14598. [PMID: 36361478 PMCID: PMC9654557 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Retirement is a life event that can influence physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) and can be used as an opportunity to promote positive lifestyle choices. The aims of this study were to (a) to identify changes in PA and SB resulting from retirement and (b) to explore predictors of any changes in PA and SB following retirement in Maltese civil servants. (2) Methods: a hybrid mixed-method (MM) study, using first quantitative followed by qualitative methods, of civil servants aged ≥60 years, who were followed during their retirement transition for two years. A proportion of the research participants in the MM study retired while the others remained employed. Questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. (3) Results: there were no changes in total PA and sitting behaviour with retirement in Maltese civil servants. People who retired carried out more domestic PA compared to when they were in employment, which resulted in more moderate-intensity PA behaviour. People perceived that their sitting time increased with retirement in the qualitative interviews, but this was not observed in the quantitative data. Past PA behaviour was an important predictor of future PA behaviour, but not for SB. (4) Conclusions: A change in PA occurs with the retirement transition. However, the uptake of exercise is a personal choice that is dependent on previous experience. Increasing SB is perceived as part of the retirement plan but is not necessarily seen in the measured quantitative data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Spiteri
- Faculty Research Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
- Physiotherapy Department, St. Vincent De Paul Long-Term Care Facility, LQA 3301 Luqa, Malta
| | - John Xerri de Caro
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta
| | - Kate Grafton
- School of Health & Social Care, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK
| | | | - David R. Broom
- Faculty Research Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
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Suorsa K, Leskinen T, Pasanen J, Pulakka A, Myllyntausta S, Pentti J, Chastin S, Vahtera J, Stenholm S. Changes in the 24-h movement behaviors during the transition to retirement: compositional data analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:121. [PMID: 36109809 PMCID: PMC9479436 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01364-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transition to retirement is shown to affect sleep, sedentary time and physical activity, but no previous studies have examined how retirement changes the distribution of time spent daily in these movement behaviors. The aim of this study was to examine longitudinally how the composition of 24-h movement behaviors changes during the transition to retirement using compositional data analysis (CoDA). Methods We included 551 retiring public sector workers (mean age 63.2 years, standard deviation 1.1) from the Finnish Retirement and Aging study. The study participants wore a wrist-worn ActiGraph accelerometer for one week 24 h per day before and after retirement, with one year between the measurements. The daily proportions to time spent sleeping, in sedentary behavior (SED), light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were estimated using the GGIR package. Changes in the daily proportions of movement behaviors were examined using Compositional Data Analysis version of linear mixed models. Results In general, the proportion of time spent in active behaviors decreased relative to time spent in passive behaviors after retirement (p < .001). This change depended on occupation (occupation*time interaction p < .001). After retirement manual workers increased the proportions of both sleep and SED in relation to active behaviors, whereas non-manual workers increased the proportion of sleep in relation to active behaviors and SED. The proportion of MVPA decreased relatively more than the proportion of LPA (p = 0.01), independently of gender and occupation. Conclusions Retirement induced a decrease in the proportion of time spent in active behaviors, especially time spent in MVPA. Future studies are needed to find ways to maintain or increase daily physical activity levels at the cost of sedentary behaviors among retirees. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-022-01364-3.
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12
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Socioeconomic Differences in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior During the Retirement Transition: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies. J Phys Act Health 2022; 19:623-637. [PMID: 35985645 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The retirement transition constitutes both a risk and an opportunity for changes in physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB). The present systematic review aims to summarize the current evidence regarding the differences between socioeconomic status (SES) groups in changes in PA and SB across the retirement transition. METHODS The authors searched 5 databases. Inclusion criteria were: investigating statutory retirement, measuring PA and/or SB at least once before and once after retirement, and reporting information on SES differences. Results are reported by means of a narrative synthesis, combined with harvest plots based on direction of effect. RESULTS We included 24 papers from 19 studies. Sixteen papers focused on PA, 3 on SB, and 5 investigated both. For total PA, occupational PA, and total sedentary time, nearly all publications reported more favorable changes for high SES groups. For recreational PA, active transport, and screen time, there seemed to be a tendency toward more favorable changes for high SES groups. Changes in household/caregiving PA did not appear to differ between SES groups. CONCLUSIONS Changes in movement behavior during the retirement transition are potentially more favorable for high SES adults. Nonetheless, the differences between SES groups seem to depend on the domain of movement behavior.
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13
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Li X, Liu S, Mu X, Gao H, Zi Y, Yang H, Zhang X, He M, Yu K. Association Between Change in Leisure-Time Physical Activity During the Postretirement Period and Incident Stroke. Neurology 2022; 99:e296-e303. [PMID: 35473763 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To investigate the association of change in leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) occurring during the postretirement period with incident stroke. METHODS The current study enrolled 12,644 retired workers from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort from April to October 2013. The change in LTPA was categorized as follows, according to whether the LTPA time met the WHO recommended minimum (at least 150 minutes per week): (1) stayed inactive at both surveys; (2) stayed inactive at the 2008 survey but became active at the 2013 survey; (3) stayed active at the 2008 survey but became inactive at the 2013 survey; (4) stayed active at both surveys. We used multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models to examine the association between change in LTPA and the risk of incident stroke. RESULTS During 70,437 person-years of follow-up, we documented 549 incident stroke cases, including 434 incident ischemic stroke cases and 115 incident hemorrhagic stroke (HS) cases. Compared with participants who stayed active at both the 2008 and 2013 surveys, those who were active at the 2008 survey but became inactive at the 2013 survey had significantly higher risks of incident total stroke (hazard ratio [HR] 1.30, 95% CI 1.03, 1.65) and HS (HR 2.34, 95% CI 1.51, 3.63). When stratified by body mass index (BMI) categories, a significant elevated risk of total stroke was seen among overweight participants who stayed active at the 2008 survey but became inactive at the 2013 survey (HR 1.65, 95% CI 1.20, 2.27). The risk of incident stroke decreased with increasing LTPA levels between the 2 surveys (HR of per 150 min/wk increase of LTPA: HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94, 1.00). In addition, we found that compared with participants who maintained their BMI and stayed active at both the 2008 and 2013 surveys, those who were inactive at both points or who became inactive had higher risks of stroke (HR 2.13, 95% CI 1.09, 4.15; HR 1.50, 95% CI 1.07, 2.08, respectively). DISCUSSION Among Chinese older adults, increasing LTPA levels during the postretirement period was associated with a lower risk of incident stroke. Retired individuals should be encouraged to participate in LTPA more frequently to lessen future risk of incident stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Li
- From the Department of Occupational and Environmental Health (X.L., S.L., X.M., H.G., Y.Z., X.Z., M.H., K.Y.), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases (H.Y.), Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Shuangyan Liu
- From the Department of Occupational and Environmental Health (X.L., S.L., X.M., H.G., Y.Z., X.Z., M.H., K.Y.), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases (H.Y.), Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xuanwen Mu
- From the Department of Occupational and Environmental Health (X.L., S.L., X.M., H.G., Y.Z., X.Z., M.H., K.Y.), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases (H.Y.), Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Hui Gao
- From the Department of Occupational and Environmental Health (X.L., S.L., X.M., H.G., Y.Z., X.Z., M.H., K.Y.), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases (H.Y.), Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yunhua Zi
- From the Department of Occupational and Environmental Health (X.L., S.L., X.M., H.G., Y.Z., X.Z., M.H., K.Y.), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases (H.Y.), Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Handong Yang
- From the Department of Occupational and Environmental Health (X.L., S.L., X.M., H.G., Y.Z., X.Z., M.H., K.Y.), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases (H.Y.), Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- From the Department of Occupational and Environmental Health (X.L., S.L., X.M., H.G., Y.Z., X.Z., M.H., K.Y.), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases (H.Y.), Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Meian He
- From the Department of Occupational and Environmental Health (X.L., S.L., X.M., H.G., Y.Z., X.Z., M.H., K.Y.), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases (H.Y.), Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Kuai Yu
- From the Department of Occupational and Environmental Health (X.L., S.L., X.M., H.G., Y.Z., X.Z., M.H., K.Y.), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan; and the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases (H.Y.), Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.
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A Computational Model of Similarity Analysis in Quality of Life Research: An Example of Studies in Poland. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12010056. [PMID: 35054449 PMCID: PMC8781786 DOI: 10.3390/life12010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Due to the multidimensional structure of the results of similarity studies, their analysis is often difficult. Therefore, a compact and transparent presentation of these results is essential. The purpose of the present study is to propose a graphical representation of the results of similarity analysis in studies on the quality of life. The results are visualized on specific diagrams (maps), where a large amount of information is presented in a compact form. New similarity maps obtained using a computational method, correspondence analysis, are shown as a convenient tool for comparative studies on the quality of life of different groups of individuals. The usefulness of this approach to the description of changes of the quality of life after the retirement threshold in different domains is demonstrated. The World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF questionnaire was used to evaluate individuals in Poland. By analyzing clusters on the similarity maps, two groups (employees and retirees) were classified according to their quality of life in different domains. By comparing the structures of the classification maps containing the information about the whole system considered, it is clearly seen which factors are important in the comparative studies. For the considered problems, the uncertainty coefficients describing the effect size and preserving the information on the symmetry of the variables that were used for the creation of the contingency tables were evaluated.
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15
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LESKINEN TUIJA, SUORSA KRISTIN, TUOMINEN MIIKA, PULAKKA ANNA, PENTTI JAANA, LÖYTTYNIEMI ELIISA, HEINONEN ILKKA, VAHTERA JUSSI, STENHOLM SARI. The Effect of Consumer-based Activity Tracker Intervention on Physical Activity among Recent Retirees-An RCT Study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021; 53:1756-1765. [PMID: 34261997 PMCID: PMC8284385 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The randomized controlled trial REACT (NCT03320746) examined the effect of a 12-month consumer-based activity tracker intervention on accelerometer-measured physical activity among recent retirees. METHODS Altogether 231 recently retired Finnish adults (age, 65.2 ± 1.1 yr, mean ± SD; 83% women) were randomized to intervention and control groups. Intervention participants were requested to wear a commercial wrist-worn activity tracker (Polar Loop 2; Polar, Kempele, Finland) for 12 months, to try to reach the daily activity goals shown on the tracker display, and to upload their activity data to a Web-based program every week. The control group received no intervention. Accelerometer-based outcome measurements of daily total, light physical activity (LPA), and moderate to vigorous (MVPA) physical activity were conducted at baseline and at 3-, 6-, and 12-month time points. Hierarchical linear mixed models were used to examine the differences between the groups over time. All analyses were performed by intention-to-treat principle and adjusted for wake wear time. RESULTS The use of a commercial activity tracker did not increase daily total activity, LPA, or MVPA over the 12-months period when compared with nonuser controls (group-time interaction, P = 0.39, 0.23, and 0.77, respectively). There was an increase in LPA over the first 6 months in both the intervention (26 min·d-1, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 13 to 39) and the control (14 min·d-1, 95% CI = 1 to 27) groups, but the difference between the groups was not significant (12 min·d-1, 95% CI = -6 to 30). In both groups, LPA decreased from 6 to 12 months. CONCLUSION The 12-month use of a commercial activity tracker does not appear to elicit significant changes in the daily total activity among a general population sample of recent retirees, thus highlighting the need to explore other alternatives to increase physical activity in this target group.
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Affiliation(s)
- TUIJA LESKINEN
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, FINLAND
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, FINLAND
| | - KRISTIN SUORSA
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, FINLAND
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, FINLAND
| | - MIIKA TUOMINEN
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, FINLAND
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, FINLAND
| | - ANNA PULAKKA
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FINLAND
| | - JAANA PENTTI
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, FINLAND
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, FINLAND
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FINLAND
| | - ELIISA LÖYTTYNIEMI
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, FINLAND
| | - ILKKA HEINONEN
- Turku PET Centre, and Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, FINLAND
- Rydberg Laboratory of Applied Sciences, Department of Environmental and Biosciences, University of Halmstad, Halmstad, SWEDEN
| | - JUSSI VAHTERA
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, FINLAND
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, FINLAND
| | - SARI STENHOLM
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, FINLAND
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, FINLAND
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16
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Liu F, Wanigatunga AA, Schrack JA. Assessment of Physical Activity in Adults using Wrist Accelerometers. Epidemiol Rev 2021; 43:65-93. [PMID: 34215874 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxab004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The health benefits of physical activity have been widely recognized, yet traditional measures of physical activity including questionnaires and category-based assessments of volume and intensity provide only broad estimates of daily activities. Accelerometers have advanced epidemiologic research on physical activity by providing objective and continuous measurement of physical activity in free-living conditions. Wrist-worn accelerometers have become especially popular due to low participant burden. However, the validity and reliability of wrist-worn devices for adults have yet to be summarized. Moreover, accelerometer data provide rich information on how physical activity is accumulated throughout the day, but only a small portion of these rich data have been utilized by researchers. Lastly, new methodological developments that aim to overcome some of the limitations of accelerometers are emerging. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of accelerometry research, with a special focus on wrist-worn accelerometers. We describe briefly how accelerometers work, summarize the validity and reliability of wrist-worn accelerometers, discuss the benefits of accelerometers including measuring light-intensity physical activity, and discuss pattern metrics of daily physical activity recently introduced in the literature. A summary of large-scale cohort studies and randomized trials that implemented wrist-worn accelerometry is provided. We conclude the review by discussing new developments and future directions of research using accelerometers, with a focus on wrist-worn accelerometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.,Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Amal A Wanigatunga
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.,Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Jennifer A Schrack
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.,Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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Stenholm S, Pulakka A, Leskinen T, Pentti J, Heinonen OJ, Koster A, Vahtera J. Daily Physical Activity Patterns and Their Association With Health-Related Physical Fitness Among Aging Workers-The Finnish Retirement and Aging Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:1242-1250. [PMID: 32766774 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify accelerometer-measured daily physical activity patterns, and to examine how they associate with health-related physical fitness among aging workers. METHODS The study population consisted of 263 participants (mean age 62.4 years, SD 1.0) from the Finnish Retirement and Aging study, who used wrist-worn ActiGraph accelerometer for at least 1 week including both workdays and days off. Health-related physical fitness measures included body composition (waist circumference, bioimpedance), cardiorespiratory fitness (bicycle ergometer test), and muscular fitness (push-up and chair rise tests). RESULTS Based on the latent class trajectory analysis, 6 trajectories were identified for workdays showing variation in activity level on working hours and on evening hours. Moderate activity during working hours and increase of activity level in the evening was associated with the most favorable health-related fitness in comparison to low activity throughout the workday: waist circumference 90.0 cm (95% confidence interval [CI] 85.5-94.5) versus 99.5 cm (95% CI 96.8-102.3), fat mass 13.9 kg (9.3-18.5) versus 23.8 kg (20.2-27.4), cardiorespiratory fitness 33.4 mL/kg/min (95% CI 31.4-35.3) versus 29.1 mL/kg/min (95% CI 27.8-30.3) (adjusted for age, sex, days off activity, smoking, and alcohol). For the days off, 2 different trajectories were identified, but they differed only in terms of level and not by timing of physical activity. CONCLUSIONS A large variation in the workday physical activity patterns was observed among aging workers. Independent of worktime activity, people who were more active in the evenings had more favorable health-related physical fitness than those who were less active throughout the day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sari Stenholm
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland.,Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland
| | - Anna Pulakka
- Public Health Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuija Leskinen
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland.,Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland
| | - Jaana Pentti
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland.,Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli J Heinonen
- Paavo Nurmi Centre & Unit for Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Annemarie Koster
- Department of Social Medicine, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Jussi Vahtera
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland.,Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland
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18
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Peruzzi M, Sanasi E, Pingitore A, Marullo AG, Carnevale R, Sciarretta S, Sciarra L, Frati G, Cavarretta E. An overview of cycling as active transportation and as benefit for health. Minerva Cardioangiol 2021; 68:81-97. [PMID: 32429627 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4725.20.05182-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Active transportation is defined as travelling on foot, by bicycle or other non-motorized means, sometimes in combination with other forms of public transportation, in contrast with the use of motor vehicles. The prevalence of sedentary lifestyle and physical inactivity is a growing epidemic in most developed countries that spread over the last three decades; active transportation may be a promising approach to increase physical activity and reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases improving cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic health. The health benefits of physical activity in reducing mortality and morbidity have been proved by several publications. Cardiorespiratory fitness can be improved by regular physical activity with an amelioration of insulin sensitivity, blood lipid profile, body composition, inflammation, and blood pressure. Active transportation as a daily physical activity is less expensive compared to motor vehicle use. The advantages are remarkable in terms of contrasting obesity and sedentary lifestyle, decrease motor traffic congestion and mitigate climate change. Massive investments in policies and interventions aimed to increase active transportation are not generally promoted and there are differences in the prevalence of active transportation in the daily routine among different areas. As in the literature several studies as randomized trials or observational studies have been published, with different end-points, in order to investigate if active commuting may be the right answer to improve cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic health, we aimed to review the available evidences of cycling as an active transportation and to consider its benefits on health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Sanasi
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
| | | | - Antonino G Marullo
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
| | - Roberto Carnevale
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy.,Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy.,Department of Angio-Cardio-Neurology, IRCCS NeuroMed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Luigi Sciarra
- Division of Cardiology, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frati
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy.,Department of Angio-Cardio-Neurology, IRCCS NeuroMed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Elena Cavarretta
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy - .,Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
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19
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Pasanen S, Halonen JI, Pulakka A, Kestens Y, Thierry B, Brondeel R, Pentti J, Vahtera J, Leskinen T, Stenholm S. Contexts of sedentary time and physical activity among ageing workers and recent retirees: cross-sectional GPS and accelerometer study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e042600. [PMID: 34006539 PMCID: PMC8149443 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examined sedentary time and physical activity in different contexts among ageing workers, between their workdays and days off, and recent retirees, between their weekdays and weekend days. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Finnish Retirement and Aging study and Enhancing physical activity and healthy ageing among recent retirees-Randomised controlled in-home physical activity trial. PARTICIPANTS 137 workers (544 measurement days) and 53 retirees (323 days), who provided data for at least 1 workday/weekday and 1 day off/weekend day. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Physical activity behaviour was measured with a combined Global Positioning System and accelerometer device (SenseDoc V.2.0), providing information on sedentary time, light physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) by locations (home or non-home) and trips (active travel, ie, speed <20 km/hour and passive travel, ie, speed ≥20 km/hour). RESULTS Workers accumulated more sedentary time and physical activity at non-home locations than at home on workdays, while the opposite was confirmed for days off (p<0.01). Workers accrued more MVPA on days off than on workdays (34 vs 28 min, p<0.05), of which 9 min on workdays and 14 min on days off was accrued during active travel. Retirees' physical activity behaviour did not differ between weekdays and weekend days (p>0.05). Regardless of the day, retirees accumulated 33 min of daily MVPA, of which 14 min was accrued during active travel. CONCLUSIONS Workers accumulated more MVPA on days off than on workdays, and their activity behaviour varied between workdays and days off at different locations. Our results showed that a large proportion of the MVPA was accumulated during travel at slower speeds, which suggests that active travel could be a feasible way to increase MVPA among older adults. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03320746.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanna Pasanen
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jaana I Halonen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Pulakka
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yan Kestens
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, École de Santé Publique de l'Université de Montréal (ESPUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Benoit Thierry
- University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ruben Brondeel
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Jaana Pentti
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Vahtera
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tuija Leskinen
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Sari Stenholm
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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