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Lee J, Zarezadehmehrizi A, LaVoy EC, Markofski MM, Park Y. Exercise Training Improves Brachial Artery Endothelial Function, but Does Not Alter Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024; 17:585-597. [PMID: 37870688 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-023-10451-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to systematically review the effects of exercise training (EX) on brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). Five electronic databases were searched: (i) patients with PAD aged ≥ 18; (ii) structured EX ≥ 2 weeks; (iii) measured brachial artery FMD; and (iv) measured blood inflammatory biomarkers. Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria. EX increased FMD but had no effect on C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Subgroups with moderate intensity had a greater increase in FMD than subgroups with vigorous intensity. There was no difference in effect on FMD and three inflammatory biomarkers between subgroups training for ≤ 12 weeks and > 12 weeks of EX, < 50 min and ≥ 50 min of session duration, and < 150 min and ≥ 150 min of weekly volume, respectively. These results suggest that EX-induced improvement in vascular function can be independent of the improvement of systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghoon Lee
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman St, Houston, TX, 77204-6015, USA
| | - Aliasghar Zarezadehmehrizi
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman St, Houston, TX, 77204-6015, USA
| | - Emily C LaVoy
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman St, Houston, TX, 77204-6015, USA
| | - Melissa M Markofski
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman St, Houston, TX, 77204-6015, USA
| | - Yoonjung Park
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman St, Houston, TX, 77204-6015, USA.
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2
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Jones R, Robinson AT, Beach LB, Lindsey ML, Kirabo A, Hinton A, Erlandson KM, Jenkins ND. Exercise to Prevent Accelerated Vascular Aging in People Living With HIV. Circ Res 2024; 134:1607-1635. [PMID: 38781293 PMCID: PMC11126195 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.323975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Given advances in antiretroviral therapy, the mortality rate for HIV infection has dropped considerably over recent decades. However, people living with HIV (PLWH) experience longer life spans coupled with persistent immune activation despite viral suppression and potential toxicity from long-term antiretroviral therapy use. Consequently, PLWH face a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk more than twice that of the general population, making it the leading cause of death among this group. Here, we briefly review the epidemiology of CVD in PLWH highlighting disparities at the intersections of sex and gender, age, race/ethnicity, and the contributions of social determinants of health and psychosocial stress to increased CVD risk among individuals with marginalized identities. We then overview the pathophysiology of HIV and discuss the primary factors implicated as contributors to CVD risk among PLWH on antiretroviral therapy. Subsequently, we highlight the functional evidence of premature vascular dysfunction as an early pathophysiological determinant of CVD risk among PLWH, discuss several mechanisms underlying premature vascular dysfunction in PLWH, and synthesize current research on the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying accelerated vascular aging in PLWH, focusing on immune activation, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress. We consider understudied aspects such as HIV-related changes to the gut microbiome and psychosocial stress, which may serve as mechanisms through which exercise can abrogate accelerated vascular aging. Emphasizing the significance of exercise, we review various modalities and their impacts on vascular health, proposing a holistic approach to managing CVD risks in PLWH. The discussion extends to critical future study areas related to vascular aging, CVD, and the efficacy of exercise interventions, with a call for more inclusive research that considers the diversity of the PLWH population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Jones
- Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | | | - Lauren B. Beach
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern, Chicago, IL
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern, Chicago, IL
| | - Merry L. Lindsey
- School of Graduate Studies, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN
- Research Service, Nashville VA Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Nashville, TN
| | - Antentor Hinton
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Nathaniel D.M. Jenkins
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
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3
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Ding P, Song Y, Yang Y, Zeng C. NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis in cardiovascular diseases and exercise intervention. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1368835. [PMID: 38681198 PMCID: PMC11045953 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1368835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is an intracellular sensing protein complex that possesses NACHT, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain, playing a crucial role in innate immunity. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cellular contents, such as interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, and induction of inflammatory cell death known as pyroptosis, thereby amplifying or sustaining inflammation. While a balanced inflammatory response is beneficial for resolving damage and promoting tissue healing, excessive activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis can have harmful effects. The involvement of the NLRP3 inflammasome has been observed in various cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Indeed, the NLRP3 inflammasome and its associated pyroptosis are closely linked to key cardiovascular risk factors including hyperlipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and hyperhomocysteinemia. Exercise compared with medicine is a highly effective measure for both preventing and treating CVD. Interestingly, emerging evidence suggests that exercise improves CVD and inhibits the activity of NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis. In this review, the activation mechanisms of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its pathogenic role in CVD are critically discussed. Importantly, the purpose is to emphasize the crucial role of exercise in managing CVD by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activity and proposes it as the foundation for developing novel treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Ding
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanming Song
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Zhuhai People’s Hospital, Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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4
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Ghaffaripour Jahromi G, Razi S, Rezaei N. NLRP3 inflammatory pathway. Can we unlock depression? Brain Res 2024; 1822:148644. [PMID: 37871673 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Depression holds the title of the largest contributor to worldwide disability, with the numbers expected to continue growing. Currently, there are neither reliable biomarkers for the diagnosis of the disease nor are the current medications sufficient for a lasting response in nearly half of patients. In this comprehensive review, we analyze the previously established pathophysiological models of the disease and how the interplay between NLRP3 inflammasome activation and depression might offer a unifying perspective. Adopting this inflammatory theory, we explain how NLRP3 inflammasome activation emerges as a pivotal contributor to depressive inflammation, substantiated by compelling evidence from both human studies and animal models. This inflammation is found in the central nervous system (CNS) neurons, astrocytes, and microglial cells. Remarkably, dysregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome extends beyond the CNS boundaries and permeates into the enteric and peripheral immune systems, thereby altering the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The integrity of the brain blood barrier (BBB) and intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) is also compromised by this inflammation. By emphasizing the central role of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in depression and its far-reaching implications, we go over each area with potential modulating mechanisms within the inflammasome pathway in hopes of finding new targets for more effective management of this debilitating condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Ghaffaripour Jahromi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Razi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Stockholm, Sweden.
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Sytha SP, Bray JF, Heaps CL. Exercise induces superoxide and NOX4 contribution in endothelium-dependent dilation in coronary arterioles from a swine model of chronic myocardial ischemia. Microvasc Res 2023; 150:104590. [PMID: 37481160 PMCID: PMC10538397 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Exercise training is an effective, nonpharmacologic therapy and preventative measure for ischemic heart disease. While recent studies have examined reactive oxygen species (ROS) as mediators of exercise training-enhanced coronary blood flow, specific oxidants and their sources have yet to be fully elucidated. We investigated the hypothesis that NADPH oxidase (NOX)-derived superoxide anion would contribute to vasodilation effects in the coronary microcirculation of swine and that these effects would be impaired by chronic ischemia and rescued with exercise training. Adult Yucatan miniature swine were instrumented with an ameroid occluder around the proximal left circumflex coronary artery, resulting in a collateral-dependent myocardial region. Eight weeks post-operatively, swine were randomly assigned to either a sedentary or exercise training (treadmill run; 5 days/week for 14 weeks) protocol. Coronary arterioles were isolated from nonoccluded and collateral-dependent myocardial regions and pressure myography was performed. Exercise training resulted in enhanced endothelium-dependent dilation after occlusion. Scavenging of superoxide via the superoxide dismutase (SOD)-mimetic, tempol, attenuated dilation in both nonoccluded and collateral-dependent arterioles of exercise-trained, but not sedentary swine. NOX1/4 inhibition with GKT136901 attenuated dilation after exercise training but only in collateral-dependent arterioles. High performance liquid chromatography revealed that neither ischemia nor exercise training significantly altered basal or bradykinin-stimulated superoxide levels. Furthermore, superoxide production was not attributable to NOX isoforms nor mitochondria. Immunoblot analyses revealed significantly decreased NOX2 protein after exercise with no differences in NOX1, NOX4, p22phox, SOD proteins. Taken together, these data provide evidence that superoxide and NOX4 independently contribute to enhanced endothelium-dependent dilation following exercise training.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeff F Bray
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, USA
| | - Cristine L Heaps
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, USA; Michael E. DeBakey Institute for Comparative Cardiovascular Science & Biomedical Devices, School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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Li N, Zhang L, Wang X, Zhou Y, Gong L. Exploring exercise-driven inhibition of pyroptosis: novel insights into treating diabetes mellitus and its complications. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1230646. [PMID: 37859981 PMCID: PMC10582706 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1230646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications are important, worldwide public health issues, exerting detrimental effects on human health and diminishing both quality of life and lifespan. Pyroptosis, as a new form of programmed cell death, plays a critical role in DM and its complications. Exercise has been shown to be an effective treatment for improving insulin sensitivity or preventing DM. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of exercise on pyroptosis-related diseases remain elusive. In this review, we provided a comprehensive elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying pyroptosis and the potential mechanism of exercise in the treatment of DM and its complications through the modulation of anti-pyroptosis-associated inflammasome pathways. Based on the existing evidence, further investigation into the mechanisms by which exercise inhibits pyroptosis through the regulation of inflammasome pathways holds promising potential for expanding preventive and therapeutic strategies for DM and facilitating the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- School of Strength and Conditioning Training, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Xintang Wang
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijing Gong
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise, Ministry of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
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Savage H, Pareek S, Lee J, Ballarò R, Minussi DC, Hayek K, Sadullozoda M, Lochmann BS, McQuade JL, LaVoy EC, Marmonti E, Patel H, Wang G, Imanishi M, Kotla S, Abe JI, Schadler K. Aerobic Exercise Alters the Melanoma Microenvironment and Modulates ERK5 S496 Phosphorylation. Cancer Immunol Res 2023; 11:1168-1183. [PMID: 37307577 PMCID: PMC10527747 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-22-0465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Exercise changes the tumor microenvironment by remodeling blood vessels and increasing infiltration by cytotoxic immune cells. The mechanisms driving these changes remain unclear. Herein, we demonstrate that exercise normalizes tumor vasculature and upregulates endothelial expression of VCAM1 in YUMMER 1.7 and B16F10 murine models of melanoma but differentially regulates tumor growth, hypoxia, and the immune response. We found that exercise suppressed tumor growth and increased CD8+ T-cell infiltration in YUMMER but not in B16F10 tumors. Single-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry revealed exercise modulated the number and phenotype of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells and myeloid cells. Specifically, exercise caused a phenotypic shift in the tumor-associated macrophage population and increased the expression of MHC class II transcripts. We further demonstrated that ERK5 S496A knock-in mice, which are phosphorylation deficient at the S496 residue, "mimicked" the exercise effect when unexercised, yet when exercised, these mice displayed a reversal in the effect of exercise on tumor growth and macrophage polarization compared with wild-type mice. Taken together, our results reveal tumor-specific differences in the immune response to exercise and show that ERK5 signaling via the S496 residue plays a crucial role in exercise-induced tumor microenvironment changes. See related Spotlight by Betof Warner, p. 1158.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Savage
- Department of Pediatric Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sumedha Pareek
- Department of Pediatric Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jonghae Lee
- Department of Pediatric Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Riccardo Ballarò
- Department of Pediatric Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Darlan Conterno Minussi
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Karma Hayek
- Faculty of Science, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mumina Sadullozoda
- Department of Pediatric Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brooke S. Lochmann
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer L. McQuade
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Emily C. LaVoy
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Enrica Marmonti
- Department of Pediatric Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hetal Patel
- Department of Pediatric Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guangyu Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Masaki Imanishi
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sivareddy Kotla
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Jun-ichi Abe
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Keri Schadler
- Department of Pediatric Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
- These authors contributed equally
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8
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Li R, Xue W, Wei H, Fan Q, Li X, Qiu Y, Cui D. Research Progress of Pyroptosis in Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13065. [PMID: 37685870 PMCID: PMC10488074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver disease (FLD) is a clinical and pathological syndrome characterized by excessive fat deposition and even steatosis in hepatocytes. It has been proven that liver inflammation induced by fat and its derivatives are involved in the pathogenesis of FLD, while the precise mechanism still remains poorly understood. Pyroptosis is programmed inflammatory cell death driving cell swelling and membrane rupture. Pyroptosis is initiated by the activation of inflammasomes and caspases, which further cleaves and activates various gasdermins, leading to pores forming on the cell membrane and the release of pro-inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Recent studies demonstrate that pyroptosis occurs in hepatocytes, and inhibiting pyroptosis could effectively reduce fat deposition in the liver and could ameliorate inflammation from FLD, attracting our prime focus on the role of pyroptosis in FLD. In this manuscript, we reviewed the current understanding of pyroptosis in FLD development, aiming to provide new insights and potential research targets for the clinical diagnosis and intervention of FLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxuan Li
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China; (R.L.); (W.X.); (H.W.); (Q.F.); (X.L.)
| | - Weiyue Xue
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China; (R.L.); (W.X.); (H.W.); (Q.F.); (X.L.)
| | - Huiting Wei
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China; (R.L.); (W.X.); (H.W.); (Q.F.); (X.L.)
| | - Qingqing Fan
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China; (R.L.); (W.X.); (H.W.); (Q.F.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China; (R.L.); (W.X.); (H.W.); (Q.F.); (X.L.)
| | - Ye Qiu
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China;
| | - Di Cui
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410000, China; (R.L.); (W.X.); (H.W.); (Q.F.); (X.L.)
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Adams JA, Uryash A, Lopez JR. Non-Invasive Pulsatile Shear Stress Modifies Endothelial Activation; A Narrative Review. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123050. [PMID: 36551807 PMCID: PMC9775985 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The monolayer of cells that line both the heart and the entire vasculature is the endothelial cell (EC). These cells respond to external and internal signals, producing a wide array of primary or secondary messengers involved in coagulation, vascular tone, inflammation, and cell-to-cell signaling. Endothelial cell activation is the process by which EC changes from a quiescent cell phenotype, which maintains cellular integrity, antithrombotic, and anti-inflammatory properties, to a phenotype that is prothrombotic, pro-inflammatory, and permeable, in addition to repair and leukocyte trafficking at the site of injury or infection. Pathological activation of EC leads to increased vascular permeability, thrombosis, and an uncontrolled inflammatory response that leads to endothelial dysfunction. This pathological activation can be observed during ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) and sepsis. Shear stress (SS) and pulsatile shear stress (PSS) are produced by mechanical frictional forces of blood flow and contraction of the heart, respectively, and are well-known mechanical signals that affect EC function, morphology, and gene expression. PSS promotes EC homeostasis and cardiovascular health. The archetype of inducing PSS is exercise (i.e., jogging, which introduces pulsations to the body as a function of the foot striking the pavement), or mechanical devices which induce external pulsations to the body (Enhanced External Pulsation (EECP), Whole-body vibration (WBV), and Whole-body periodic acceleration (WBPA aka pGz)). The purpose of this narrative review is to focus on the aforementioned noninvasive methods to increase PSS, review how each of these modify specific diseases that have been shown to induce endothelial activation and microcirculatory dysfunction (Ischemia reperfusion injury-myocardial infarction and cardiac arrest and resuscitation), sepsis, and lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis syndrome (LPS)), and review current evidence and insight into how each may modify endothelial activation and how these may be beneficial in the acute and chronic setting of endothelial activation and microvascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose A. Adams
- Division of Neonatology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Arkady Uryash
- Division of Neonatology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
| | - Jose R. Lopez
- Department of Research, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
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Hu S, Wan X, Li X, Wang X. Aerobic exercise alleviates pyroptosis-related diseases by regulating NLRP3 inflammasome. Front Physiol 2022; 13:965366. [PMID: 36187801 PMCID: PMC9520335 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.965366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis plays a crucial role in a variety of human diseases, including atherosclerosis, obesity, diabetes, depression, and Alzheimer’s disease, which usually release pyroptosis-related cytokines due to inflammation. Many studies have demonstrated that aerobic exercise is a good option for decreasing the release of pyroptosis-related cytokines. However, the molecular mechanisms of aerobic exercise on pyroptosis-related diseases remain unknown. In this review, the effects of aerobic exercise on pyroptosis in endothelial cells, adipocytes and hippocampal cells, and their potential mechanisms are summarized. In endothelial cells, aerobic exercise could inhibit NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis by improving the endothelial function, while reducing vascular inflammation and oxidative stress. In adipocytes, aerobic exercise has been shown to inhibit pyroptosis by ameliorating inflammation and insulin resistance. Moreover, aerobic exercise could restrict pyroptosis by attenuating microglial activation, neuroinflammation, and amyloid-beta deposition in hippocampal cells. In summary, aerobic exercise alleviates the pyroptosis-related diseases by regulating the NLRP3 inflammation si0067naling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Hu
- School of Education and Physical Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- School of Physical Education and Science, Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Xingxia Wan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xianhui Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Xianwang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xianwang Wang,
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Maciel JIHN, Zazula MF, Rodrigues DFS, De Toni Boaro C, Boaretto ML, de Andrade BZ, Schneider SCS, Naliwaiko K, Torrejais MM, Costa RM, de Fátima Chasko Ribeiro L, Bertolini GRF. Whole-Body Vibration Promotes Skeletal Muscle Restructuring and Reduced Obesogenic Effect of MSG in Wistar Rats. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:3594-3608. [PMID: 35460454 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03923-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The negative changes of obesity to the locomotor system are a major concern in the current scenario, where obesity and metabolic syndrome are recurrent in Western societies. A physical exercise is an important tool as a way to rehabilitate obesity, highlighting whole-body vibration, as it is an easy-access modality with few restrictions. In this sense, we sought to evaluate the effect of whole-body vibration on the extensor digitorum longus muscle on a monosodium glutamate-induced obesity model. The main findings of the present study are related to the ability of the treatment with vibration to reduce the obesogenic characteristics and slow down the dyslipidemic condition of the animals. Likewise, the vibration promoted by the vibrating platform was essential in the recovery of the muscle structure, as well as the recovery of the muscle's oxidative capacity, initially compromised by obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhyslayne Ignácia Hoff Nunes Maciel
- Laboratório de Estudo das Lesões e Recursos Fisioterapêuticos, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (Unioeste), Universitária St, 2069, Zip code: 85819110 , Paraná, Cascavel, Brasil
| | - Matheus Felipe Zazula
- Laboratório de Plasticidade Morfofuncional, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
| | | | | | - Mariana Laís Boaretto
- Laboratório de Estudo das Lesões e Recursos Fisioterapêuticos, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (Unioeste), Universitária St, 2069, Zip code: 85819110 , Paraná, Cascavel, Brasil
| | | | - Sara Cristina Sagae Schneider
- Laboratório de Estudo das Lesões e Recursos Fisioterapêuticos, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (Unioeste), Universitária St, 2069, Zip code: 85819110 , Paraná, Cascavel, Brasil
| | - Katya Naliwaiko
- Laboratório de Plasticidade Morfofuncional, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
| | | | - Rose Meire Costa
- Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Unioeste, Cascavel, Paraná, Brasil
| | | | - Gladson Ricardo Flor Bertolini
- Laboratório de Estudo das Lesões e Recursos Fisioterapêuticos, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (Unioeste), Universitária St, 2069, Zip code: 85819110 , Paraná, Cascavel, Brasil.
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12
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Razi O, Tartibian B, Teixeira AM, Zamani N, Govindasamy K, Suzuki K, Laher I, Zouhal H. Thermal dysregulation in patients with multiple sclerosis during SARS-CoV-2 infection. The potential therapeutic role of exercise. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2022; 59:103557. [PMID: 35092946 PMCID: PMC8785368 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Thermoregulation is a homeostatic mechanism that is disrupted in some neurological diseases. Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are susceptible to increases in body temperature, especially with more severe neurological signs. This condition can become intolerable when these patients suffer febrile infections such as coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). We review the mechanisms of hyperthermia in patients with MS, and they may encounter when infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Finally, the thermoregulatory role and relevant adaptation to regular physical exercise are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Razi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Bakhtyar Tartibian
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ana Maria Teixeira
- University of Coimbra, Research Center for Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nastaran Zamani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Payame-Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Karuppasamy Govindasamy
- Department of Physical Education & Sports Science, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Katsuhiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa 359-1192, Japan.
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Hassane Zouhal
- Univ Rennes, M2S (Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé) - EA 1274, Rennes F-35000, France; Institut International des Sciences du Sport (2I2S), Irodouer 35850, France.
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Exercise Inhibits NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Obese Mice via the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Meteorin-like. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123480. [PMID: 34943988 PMCID: PMC8700724 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. The benefits of exercise are partly attributed to its anti-inflammatory effect, but whether exercise can regulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation in obese adipose tissue remains unknown. Meteorin-like (METRNL), a recently discovered myokine, has been implicated in mediating the effect of exercise on metabolism. Herein, we examined the effect of exercise and METRNL on NLRP3 inflammasome activation. High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice were subjected to treadmill exercise for 8 weeks. A subgroup of HFD mice was switched to normal chow with the exercise intervention. Exercise and diet attenuated weight gain, fat accumulation, and insulin resistance in obese mice. In addition, exercise downregulated gene and protein levels of inflammasome markers, including NLRP3 and caspase-1, in adipose tissue. In isolated bone marrow-derived macrophages, activation of NLRP3 inflammasome was suppressed in the exercise group, as confirmed by the downregulation of IL-1β and IL-18. Exercise significantly enhanced the expression of METRNL in various muscle depots, and further in vitro analysis revealed that recombinant METRNL treatment inhibited IL-1β secretion in macrophages. In conclusion, exercise exerts its anti-inflammatory action by suppressing adipose tissue NLRP3 inflammasome, and this is, in part, associated with METRNL induction in muscle and its anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages.
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Miao P, Ruiqing T, Yanrong L, Zhuwen S, Huan Y, Qiong W, Yongnian L, Chao S. Pyroptosis: A possible link between obesity-related inflammation and inflammatory diseases. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:1245-1265. [PMID: 34751453 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The main manifestation of obesity is persistent low-level inflammation and insulin resistance, which is an important factor inducing or promoting other obesity-related diseases. As a proinflammatory programmed cell death, pyroptosis plays an important role, especially in the activation and regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Pyroptosis is associated with the pathogenesis of many chronic inflammatory diseases and is characterized by the formation of micropores in the plasma membrane and the release of a large number of proinflammatory cytokines. This article mainly introduces the main pathways and key molecules of pyroptosis and focuses on the phenomenon of pyroptosis in obesity. It is suggested that the regulation of pyroptosis-related targets may become a new potential therapy for the prevention and treatment of systemic inflammatory response caused by obesity, and we summarize the potential molecular substances that may be beneficial to obesity-related inflammatory diseases through target pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Miao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tai Ruiqing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liu Yanrong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sun Zhuwen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Huan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wu Qiong
- Medical College; Qinghai Health Development and Research Center, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Liu Yongnian
- Medical College; Qinghai Health Development and Research Center, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Sun Chao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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15
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Jin H, Zhu Y, Wang XD, Luo EF, Li YP, Wang BL, Chen YF. BDNF corrects NLRP3 inflammasome-induced pyroptosis and glucose metabolism reprogramming through KLF2/HK1 pathway in vascular endothelial cells. Cell Signal 2020; 78:109843. [PMID: 33253911 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated vascular EC pyroptosis is a key event in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Dysregulation of glucose metabolism is involved in EC dysfunction. Although BDNF plays a protective role in vascular endothelium physiological activity, the mechanisms underlying this activity are not yet clear. In this study, we investigated the role of BDNF in NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated EC pyroptosis and its associated reprogramming of glucose metabolism. HUVECs were treated with human rBDNF under ox-LDL stimulation. rBDNF alleviated ox-LDL-induced NLRP3 inflammasome formation and HUVEC pyroptosis, as evaluated by NLRP3, caspase1-p10, interleukin-18, and interleukin-1β protein levels, co-localization of NLRP3 and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein, and lactate dehydrogenase release. These effects were prevented by tropomyosin receptor kinase B inhibition and KLF2 silencing. The hyper-activation of glycolysis induced by ox-LDL-induced was mitigated by rBDNF via KLF2 as assessed by glucose uptake, lactate production, and extracellular acidification rate. In addition, the BDNF/KLF2 pathway preserved the mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular reactive oxygen species generation, electron transport chain processing, oxygen consumption rate, and adenosine triphosphate production. Furthermore, KLF2 interacted with HK1 and HK1 overexpression evoked NLRP3 inflammasome formation. At the clinical level, plasma BDNF and lactate levels were measured in 274 patients who underwent computed tomography and coronary angiography for CAD diagnosis. Patients with CAD had lower BDNF and increased lactate levels than those without CAD. In 94 patients with CAD, circulating BDNF levels were inversely associated with lactate levels. In the receiver operating characteristic analysis of CAD, the areas under the curves for 1/BDNF, lactate, and 1/BDNF+lactate were 0.707, 0.702, and 0.753 respectively. These results indicate that BDNF and lactate are linked in atherosclerotic patients, and BDNF inhibits ox-LDL induced NLRP3 inflammasome formation and pyroptosis in HUVECs via KLF2/HK1-mediated glucose metabolism modulation and mitochondrial homeostasis preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, PR China.
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, PR China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, PR China
| | - Er-Fei Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, PR China
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, PR China
| | - Bi-Lei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, PR China
| | - Yi-Fei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Xishan Hospital, Wuxi 214000, PR China
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