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Łuniewski S, Rogowska W, Łozowicka B, Iwaniuk P. Plants, Microorganisms and Their Metabolites in Supporting Asbestos Detoxification-A Biological Perspective in Asbestos Treatment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1644. [PMID: 38612157 PMCID: PMC11012542 DOI: 10.3390/ma17071644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Many countries banned asbestos due to its toxicity, but considering its colossal use, especially in the 1960s and 1970s, disposing of waste containing asbestos is the current problem. Today, many asbestos disposal technologies are known, but they usually involve colossal investment and operating expenses, and the end- and by-products of these methods negatively impact the environment. This paper identifies a unique modern direction in detoxifying asbestos minerals, which involves using microorganisms and plants and their metabolites. The work comprehensively focuses on the interactions between asbestos and plants, bacteria and fungi, including lichens and, for the first time, yeast. Biological treatment is a prospect for in situ land reclamation and under industrial conditions, which can be a viable alternative to landfilling and an environmentally friendly substitute or supplement to thermal, mechanical, and chemical methods, often characterized by high cost intensity. Plant and microbial metabolism products are part of the green chemistry trend, a central strategic pillar of global industrial and environmental development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanisław Łuniewski
- Faculty of Economics, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Satpayev 2, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan; (S.Ł.); (B.Ł.)
- Faculty of Economic Sciences, The Eastern European University of Applied Sciences in Bialystok, Ciepła 40 St., 15-472 Białystok, Poland
| | - Weronika Rogowska
- Department of Environmental Engineering Technology and Systems, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Białystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E St., 15-351 Białystok, Poland
- Institute of Plant Protection—National Research Institute, Chełmońskiego 22 St., 15-195 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Bożena Łozowicka
- Faculty of Economics, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Satpayev 2, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan; (S.Ł.); (B.Ł.)
- Institute of Plant Protection—National Research Institute, Chełmońskiego 22 St., 15-195 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Piotr Iwaniuk
- Institute of Plant Protection—National Research Institute, Chełmońskiego 22 St., 15-195 Białystok, Poland;
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Kussainova A, Bulgakova O, Aripova A, Ibragimova M, Pulliero A, Begimbetova D, Bersimbaev R, Izzotti A. Molecular and Cellular Mechanism of Action of Chrysotile Asbestos in MRC5 Cell Line. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1599. [PMID: 38003914 PMCID: PMC10672232 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13111599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Asbestos is a known carcinogen; however, the influence of chrysotile asbestos on the development of tumor-related diseases remains a subject of intense debate within the scientific community. To analyze the effect of asbestos, we conducted a study using the MRC5 cell line. We were able to demonstrate that chrysotile asbestos stimulated the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to cell death and DNA damage in the MRC5 cell line, using various techniques such as ROS measurement, comet assay, MTT assay, and qPCR. In addition, we found that chrysotile asbestos treatment significantly increased extracellular mitochondrial DNA levels in the culture medium and induced significant changes in the expression profile of several miRNAs, which was the first of its kind. Thus, our research highlights the importance of studying the effects of chrysotile asbestos on human health and reveals multiple adverse effects of chrysotile asbestos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assiya Kussainova
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Via Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.K.); (A.P.)
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan; (O.B.); (A.A.); (M.I.); (R.B.)
| | - Olga Bulgakova
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan; (O.B.); (A.A.); (M.I.); (R.B.)
| | - Akmaral Aripova
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan; (O.B.); (A.A.); (M.I.); (R.B.)
| | - Milana Ibragimova
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan; (O.B.); (A.A.); (M.I.); (R.B.)
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Alessandra Pulliero
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Via Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Dinara Begimbetova
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Rakhmetkazhi Bersimbaev
- Department of General Biology and Genomics, Institute of Cell Biology and Biotechnology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010008, Kazakhstan; (O.B.); (A.A.); (M.I.); (R.B.)
| | - Alberto Izzotti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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Choi JK, Vigliaturo R, Gieré R, Pérez-Rodríguez I. Microbe-Mineral Interactions between Asbestos and Thermophilic Chemolithoautotrophic Anaerobes. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0204822. [PMID: 37184266 PMCID: PMC10304897 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02048-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The Fe content and the morphometry of asbestos are two major factors linked to its toxicity. This study explored the use of microbe-mineral interactions between asbestos (and asbestos-like) minerals and thermophilic chemolithoautotrophic microorganisms as possible mineral dissolution treatments targeting their toxic properties. The removal of Fe from crocidolite was tested through chemolithoautotrophic Fe(III) reduction activities at 60°C. Chrysotile and tremolite-actinolite were tested for dissolution and potential release of elements like Si and Mg through biosilicification processes at 75°C. Our results show that chemolithoautotrophic Fe(III) reduction activities by Deferrisoma palaeochoriense were supported with crocidolite as the sole source of Fe(III) used as a terminal electron acceptor during respiration. Microbial Fe(III) reduction activities resulted in higher Fe release rates from crocidolite in comparison to previous studies on Fe leaching from crocidolite through Fe assimilation activities by soil fungi. Evidence of biosilicification in Thermovibrio ammonificans did not correspond with increased Si and Mg release from chrysotile or tremolite-actinolite dissolution. However, overall Si and Mg release from chrysotile into our experimental medium outmatched previously reported capabilities for Si and Mg release from chrysotile by fungi. Differences in the profiles of elements released from chrysotile and tremolite-actinolite during microbe-mineral experiments with T. ammonificans underscored the relevance of underlying crystallochemical differences in driving mineral dissolution and elemental bioavailability. Experimental studies targeting the interactions between chemolithoautotrophs and asbestos (or asbestos-like) minerals offer new access to the mechanisms behind crystallochemical mineral alterations and their role in the development of tailored asbestos treatments. IMPORTANCE We explored the potential of chemosynthetic microorganisms growing at high temperatures to induce the release of key elements (mainly iron, silicon, and magnesium) involved in the known toxic properties (iron content and fibrous mineral shapes) of asbestos minerals. We show for the first time that the microbial respiration of iron from amphibole asbestos releases some of the iron contained in the mineral while supporting microbial growth. Another microorganism imposed on the two main types of asbestos minerals (serpentines and amphiboles) resulted in distinct elemental release profiles for each type of asbestos during mineral dissolution. Despite evidence of microbially mediated dissolution in all minerals, none of the microorganisms tested disrupted the structure of the asbestos mineral fibers. Further constraints on the relationships between elemental release rates, amount of starting asbestos, reaction volumes, and incubation times will be required to better compare asbestos dissolution treatments studied to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K. Choi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ruggero Vigliaturo
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Reto Gieré
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ileana Pérez-Rodríguez
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Doyle E, Blanchon D, Wells S, de Lange P, Lockhart P, Waipara N, Manefield M, Wallis S, Berry TA. Internal Transcribed Spacer and 16S Amplicon Sequencing Identifies Microbial Species Associated with Asbestos in New Zealand. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030729. [PMID: 36981000 PMCID: PMC10048439 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhalation of asbestos fibres can cause lung inflammation and the later development of asbestosis, lung cancer, and mesothelioma, and the use of asbestos is banned in many countries. In most countries, large amounts of asbestos exists within building stock, buried in landfills, and in contaminated soil. Mechanical, thermal, and chemical treatment options do exist, but these are expensive, and they are not effective for contaminated soil, where only small numbers of asbestos fibres may be present in a large volume of soil. Research has been underway for the last 20 years into the potential use of microbial action to remove iron and other metal cations from the surface of asbestos fibres to reduce their toxicity. To access sufficient iron for metabolism, many bacteria and fungi produce organic acids, or iron-chelating siderophores, and in a growing number of experiments these have been found to degrade asbestos fibres in vitro. This paper uses the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 16S amplicon sequencing to investigate the fungal and bacterial diversity found on naturally-occurring asbestos minerals, asbestos-containing building materials, and asbestos-contaminated soils with a view to later selectively culturing promising species, screening them for siderophore production, and testing them with asbestos fibres in vitro. After filtering, 895 ITS and 1265 16S amplicon sequencing variants (ASVs) were detected across the 38 samples, corresponding to a range of fungal, bacteria, cyanobacterial, and lichenized fungal species. Samples from Auckland (North Island, New Zealand) asbestos cement, Auckland asbestos-contaminated soils, and raw asbestos rocks from Kahurangi National Park (South Island, New Zealand) were comprised of very different microbial communities. Five of the fungal species detected in this study are known to produce siderophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Doyle
- Applied Molecular Solutions Research Centre, Te Pūkenga–New Zealand Institute of Skills and Technology, Private Bag 92025, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (E.D.); (S.W.); (P.d.L.)
| | - Dan Blanchon
- Applied Molecular Solutions Research Centre, Te Pūkenga–New Zealand Institute of Skills and Technology, Private Bag 92025, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (E.D.); (S.W.); (P.d.L.)
- School of Environmental and Animal Sciences, Te Pūkenga–New Zealand Institute of Skills and Technology, Private Bag 92025, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Correspondence:
| | - Sarah Wells
- Applied Molecular Solutions Research Centre, Te Pūkenga–New Zealand Institute of Skills and Technology, Private Bag 92025, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (E.D.); (S.W.); (P.d.L.)
- School of Environmental and Animal Sciences, Te Pūkenga–New Zealand Institute of Skills and Technology, Private Bag 92025, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Peter de Lange
- Applied Molecular Solutions Research Centre, Te Pūkenga–New Zealand Institute of Skills and Technology, Private Bag 92025, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (E.D.); (S.W.); (P.d.L.)
- School of Environmental and Animal Sciences, Te Pūkenga–New Zealand Institute of Skills and Technology, Private Bag 92025, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Pete Lockhart
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, College of Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
| | - Nick Waipara
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Mt Albert, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
| | - Michael Manefield
- Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
| | - Shannon Wallis
- Environmental Solutions Research Centre, Te Pūkenga–New Zealand Institute of Skills and Technology, Private Bag 92025, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (S.W.); (T.-A.B.)
| | - Terri-Ann Berry
- Environmental Solutions Research Centre, Te Pūkenga–New Zealand Institute of Skills and Technology, Private Bag 92025, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (S.W.); (T.-A.B.)
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Hesari RZJ, Rasoulzadeh Y, Mohammadian Y, Nasirzadeh N. Cancer risk assessment of exposure to asbestos during old building demolition. Work 2022; 74:1577-1584. [PMID: 36530121 DOI: 10.3233/wor-211433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Years ago, the use of asbestos in construction materials was common. Although asbestos has been recently banned in many countries, exposure to asbestos during old building demolition is not unexpected. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to assess the concentration of exposure to asbestos and estimate its cancer risk among old building demolition workers. METHODS: In this study, personal air samples were collected during building demolition. The number of asbestos fibers in collected samples were determined according to the NIOSH-7400 standard method. Chemical compositions of fibers were assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The carcinogenic risk of exposure to asbestos was determined based on the recommended United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) method and Monte-Carlo simulation used to estimate the probability of cancer. RESULTS: Chemical analysis confirmed the presence of asbestos in collected air samples, and 67% of counted fibers were asbestos. In a number of buildings, workers had exposed to asbestos that was higher than occupational exposure limit (0.10 f/ml). Results of cancer risk estimation showed that cancer risk were considerable among workers. CONCLUSION: Implementation of asbestos risk management program such as separation of asbestos containing material, personal protective equipment’s and use of wet method in demolition could minimize asbestos exposure during old building demolition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Zandavar Javad Hesari
- Department of Health, Safety and Environment Management, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yahya Rasoulzadeh
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yousef Mohammadian
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Nasirzadeh
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Thives LP, Ghisi E, Thives Júnior JJ, Vieira AS. Is asbestos still a problem in the world? A current review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 319:115716. [PMID: 35863303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Asbestos has been used by automobile, construction, manufacturing, power, and chemical industries for many years due to its particular properties, i.e. high tensile strength, non-flammable, thermal and electrical resistance and stability, and chemical resistance. However, such a mineral causes harmful effects to human health, including different types of cancer (e.g., mesothelioma). As a result, the use of asbestos has been banned since the 1980s in many countries. Nonetheless, asbestos is still part of the daily life of the population as asbestos-containing materials (ACMs) are still present in many buildings constructed and renovated before the 1990s. This work aims to present a current literature review about asbestos. The literature review was composed mainly of research articles published in international journals from the medical and engineering disciplines to provide an overview of asbestos use effects reported in interdisciplinary areas. The literature review comprised asbestos characteristics and its relationship to the risks of human exposure, countries where asbestos use is permitted or banned, reducing asbestos in the built environment, and environmental impact due to use and disposal of asbestos. The main findings were that ACMs are still responsible for severe human diseases, particularly in areas where there is a lack of coordinated asbestos management plans, reduced awareness about asbestos health risks, or even a delay in the implementation of asbestos-ban. Such issues may be more prevailing in developing countries. The current research in many countries contemplates several methodologies and techniques to process ACMs into inert and recyclable materials. The identification and coordinated management of ACM hazardous waste is a significant challenge to be faced by countries, and its inadequate disposal causes severe risk of exposure to asbestos fibres. Based on this work, it was concluded that banning asbestos is indicated in all countries in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liseane P Thives
- Civil Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Brazil
| | - Enedir Ghisi
- Civil Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Brazil.
| | | | - Abel Silva Vieira
- Urban Analytics and Complex Systems (UACS) Consulting, Queensland, Australia; Griffith School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Australia
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Jeffers D, Liao YC, Takahashi K, Lin RT. Asbestos awareness among the residents of St. Kitts and Nevis: a cross-sectional study. Global Health 2022; 18:83. [PMID: 36153532 PMCID: PMC9509556 DOI: 10.1186/s12992-022-00874-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High levels of public awareness regarding the hazards of asbestos, rights to health, and benefits of an asbestos-free country can increase advocacy and political commitment to a total ban on asbestos. We aimed to investigate asbestos awareness and associated sociodemographic characteristics among the adult population of St. Kitts and Nevis. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 1009 participants completed an online questionnaire with questions about sociodemographic data and asbestos awareness. We applied multiple regression models to estimate associations between sociodemographic factors, levels of asbestos knowledge, and attitudes toward asbestos management. Results We found that 70% of residents of St. Kitts and Nevis considered asbestos exposure to be a general public concern and believed the government should prevent it. Of all participants, 54% were in favor of completely banning the use and importation of all asbestos products and materials; those with higher levels of asbestos knowledge were more likely to favor a total ban. Higher proportions and odds of favoring a total asbestos ban were also observed in participants aged ≥ 30 years, women, those with higher education, and those living in St. Kitts (vs. Nevis). Conclusions These findings support implementing policies to regulate and outright ban the use of asbestos products and materials in St. Kitts and Nevis. This data can be used to develop tailored campaigns to improve asbestos knowledge among sociodemographic groups with lower asbestos awareness, such as in the wider Caribbean and other under-resourced countries. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12992-022-00874-w.
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Zoraja B, Ubavin D, Stanisavljevic N, Vujovic S, Mucenski V, Hadzistevic M, Bjelica M. Assessment of asbestos and asbestos waste quantity in the built environment of transition country. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2022; 40:1285-1296. [PMID: 34937435 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x211064031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Managing asbestos streams in developing and transition countries is particularly challenging. Deficiencies are often present for adequate procedures for the management of asbestos waste; solid quality data or databases on the quantities of asbestos production and usage are missing and asbestos inventories or the registry of asbestos-related diseases following European Union (EU) or other regulations are not in place. This paper aims to develop a model for determining and assessing the quantity of asbestos in the built environment of a transition country. Quantities of asbestos products and life expectancy of those products were assessed to develop a model that forecasts flows and stocks of asbestos products and wastes. The overall objective is to evaluate the model and show the manifestation of asbestos in the waste stream in a case study on a country with a transition economy, such as Serbia. Results show that total quantities of asbestos fibre consumption are approximately 0.5 million tonnes; the largest amount of waste generation is expected in the 2020s. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare for the forthcoming quantities of waste by improving legal procedures, implementation of existing regulations, and provision of economic resources. An important link for the adequate management of asbestos waste is to raise public awareness of the dangers and importance of proper and timely disposal of asbestos products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojana Zoraja
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dejan Ubavin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nemanja Stanisavljevic
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Svjetlana Vujovic
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Mucenski
- Department of Organization and Technology of Construction, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Miodrag Hadzistevic
- Department of Metrology, Quality, Accessories, Tools and Environmental Engineering Aspects, Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
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Eduardo A, SANTANA Vilma S, Felipe C, Leonardo S, SAITO Cézar A, Franciana C, CORREA-FILHO Heleno R. ANALYSIS OF MORTALITY FROM ASBESTOS-RELATED DISEASES IN BRAZIL USING MULTIPLE HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMS, 1996-2017. Saf Health Work 2022; 13:302-307. [PMID: 36156859 PMCID: PMC9482009 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Methods Results Conclusions
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Circulating microRNA-197-3p as a potential biomarker for asbestos exposure. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23955. [PMID: 34907223 PMCID: PMC8671556 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03189-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Asbestos is considered the main cause of diseases in workers exposed to this mineral in the workplace as well as an environmental pollutant. The association between asbestos and the onset of different diseases has been reported, but asbestos exposure specific biomarkers are not known. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, single-strand, non-coding RNAs, with potential value as diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive markers in liquid biopsies. Sera collected from workers ex-exposed to asbestos (WEA) fibers were compared with sera from healthy subjects (HS) of similar age, as liquid biopsies. The expression of the circulating miRNA 197-3p was investigated employing two different highly analytical PCR methods, i.e. RT-qPCR and ddPCR. MiR-197-3p levels were tested in sera from WEA compared to HS. MiR-197-3p tested dysregulated in sera from WEA (n = 75) compared to HS (n = 62). Indeed, miR-197-3p was found to be 2.6 times down-regulated in WEA vs. HS (p = 0.0001***). In addition, an inverse correlation was detected between miR-197-3p expression level and cumulative asbestos exposure, being this miRNA down-regulated 2.1 times in WEA, with high cumulative asbestos exposure, compared to WEA with low exposure (p = 0.0303*). Circulating miR-197-3p, found to be down regulated in sera from WEA, is proposed as a new potential biomarker of asbestos exposure.
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11
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Dipper A, Maskell N, Bibby A. Ancillary Diagnostic Investigations in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133291. [PMID: 34209209 PMCID: PMC8268996 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For a number of patients presenting with an undiagnosed pleural effusion, frailty, medical co-morbidity or personal choice may preclude the use of pleural biopsy, the gold standard investigation for diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). In this review article, we outline the most recent evidence on ancillary diagnostic tests which may be used to support a diagnosis of MPM where histological samples cannot be obtained or where results are non-diagnostic. Immunocytochemical markers, molecular techniques, diagnostic biomarkers and imaging techniques are discussed. No adjunctive test has a sensitivity and specificity profile to support use in isolation; however, correlation of pleural fluid cytology with relevant radiology and supplementary biomarkers can enable an MDT-consensus clinico-radiological-cytological diagnosis to be made where further invasive tests are not possible or not appropriate. Diagnostic challenges surrounding non-epithelioid MPM are recognised, and there is a critical need for reliable and non-invasive investigative tools in this population.
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Cheng YY, Yuen ML, Rath EM, Johnson B, Zhuang L, Yu TK, Aleksova V, Linton A, Kao S, Clarke CJ, McCaughan BC, Takahashi K, Lee K. CDKN2A and MTAP Are Useful Biomarkers Detectable by Droplet Digital PCR in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Potential Alternative Method in Diagnosis Compared to Fluorescence In Situ Hybridisation. Front Oncol 2020; 10:579327. [PMID: 33304846 PMCID: PMC7693432 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.579327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) can be difficult, in part due to the difficulty in distinguishing between MPM and reactive mesothelial hyperplasia (RMH). The tumor suppressor gene, CDKN2A, is frequently silenced by epigenetic mechanisms in many cancers; in the case of MPM it is mostly silenced via genomic deletion. Co-deletion of the CDKN2A and methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) genes has been researched extensively and discovered to be a highly specific characteristic of MPM. Most studies have used FISH to detect the deletion of CDKN2A and IHC for MTAP as a surrogate for this. In this study, we aim to investigate and validate droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) as an emerging alternative and efficient testing method in diagnosing MPM, by particularly emphasizing on the loss of MTAP and CDKN2A. Methods This study included 75 formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) MPM tissue, and 12 normal pleural tissue and 10 RMH as control. Additionally, primary MPM cell lines and normal pleural samples were used as biomarker detection controls, as established in our previous publication. All FFPE specimens were processed to isolate the DNA, that was subsequently used for ddPCR detection of CDKN2A and MTAP. FFPE samples were also analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for CDKN2A and MTAP deletion, and for MTAP IHC expression. Concordance of IHC and ddPCR with FISH were studied in these samples. Results 95% and 82% of cases showed co-deletion of both MTAP and CDKN2A when determined by FISH and ddPCR respectively. ddPCR has a sensitivity of 72% and specificity of 100% in detecting CDKN2A homozygous loss in MPM. ddPCR also has a concordance rate of 92% with FISH in detecting homozygous loss of CDKN2A. MTAP IHC was 68% sensitive and 100% specific for detecting CDKN2A homozygous loss in MPM when these losses were determined by ddPCR. Conclusion Our study confirms that MTAP is often co-deleted with CDKN2A in MPM. Our in-house designed ddPCR assays for MTAP and CDKN2A are useful in differentiating MPM from RMH, and is highly concordant with FISH that is currently used in diagnosing MPM. ddPCR detection of these genetic losses can potentially be utilized as an alternative method in the diagnosis of MPM and for the future development of a less-invasive MPM-specific detection technique on MPM tumor tissue DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuen Yee Cheng
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Man Lee Yuen
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Emma M Rath
- Giannoulatou Laboratory, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ben Johnson
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Ling Zhuang
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Ta-Kun Yu
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Vesna Aleksova
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony Linton
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia.,Concord Repatriation General Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Steven Kao
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia.,Chris O'Brien Life House, School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Candice Julie Clarke
- Anatomical Pathology Department, NSW Health Pathology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Brian C McCaughan
- Sydney Cardiothoracic Surgeons, RPA Medical Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ken Takahashi
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Kenneth Lee
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia.,Concord Repatriation General Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Anatomical Pathology Department, NSW Health Pathology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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13
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Wallis SL, Emmett EA, Hardy R, Casper BB, Blanchon DJ, Testa JR, Menges CW, Gonneau C, Jerolmack DJ, Seiphoori A, Steinhorn G, Berry TA. Challenging Global Waste Management - Bioremediation to Detoxify Asbestos. FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2020; 8:20. [PMID: 33269243 PMCID: PMC7707057 DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2020.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
As the 21st century uncovers ever-increasing volumes of asbestos and asbestos-contaminated waste, we need a new way to stop 'grandfather's problem' from becoming that of our future generations. The production of inexpensive, mechanically strong, heat resistant building materials containing asbestos has inevitably led to its use in many public and residential buildings globally. It is therefore not surprising that since the asbestos boom in the 1970s, some 30 years later, the true extent of this hidden danger was exposed. Yet, this severely toxic material continues to be produced and used in some countries, and in others the disposal options for historic uses - generally landfill - are at best unwieldy and at worst insecure. We illustrate the global scale of the asbestos problem via three case studies which describe various removal and/or end disposal issues. These case studies from both industrialised and island nations demonstrate the potential for the generation of massive amounts of asbestos contaminated soil. In each case, the final outcome of the project was influenced by factors such as cost and land availability, both increasing issues, worldwide. The reduction in the generation of asbestos containing materials will not absolve us from the necessity of handling and disposal of contaminated land. Waste treatment which relies on physico-chemical processes is expensive and does not contribute to a circular model economy ideal. Although asbestos is a mineral substance, there are naturally occurring biological-mediated processes capable of degradation (such as bioweathering). Therefore, low energy options, such as bioremediation, for the treatment for asbestos contaminated soils are worth exploring. We outline evidence pointing to the ability of microbe and plant communities to remove from asbestos the iron that contributes to its carcinogenicity. Finally, we describe the potential for a novel concept of creating ecosystems over asbestos landfills ('activated landfills') that utilize nature's chelating ability to degrade this toxic product effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon L. Wallis
- Engineering Pathway, Unitec Institute of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Edward A. Emmett
- Perelman School of Medicine, Superfund Research Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Robyn Hardy
- Faculty of Arts and Design, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Brenda B. Casper
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dan J. Blanchon
- School of Environmental and Animal Sciences, Unitec Institute of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Cédric Gonneau
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Douglas J. Jerolmack
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ali Seiphoori
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Gregor Steinhorn
- Research and Enterprise, Unitec Institute of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Terri-Ann Berry
- Engineering Pathway, Unitec Institute of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
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14
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Dutheil F, Zaragoza-Civale L, Pereira B, Mermillod M, Baker JS, Schmidt J, Moustafa F, Navel V. Prostate Cancer and Asbestos: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Perm J 2020; 24:19.086. [PMID: 32097115 DOI: 10.7812/tpp/19.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Asbestos-related diseases and cancers represent a major public health concern. OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to demonstrate that asbestos exposure increases the risk of prostate cancer. METHODS The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and ScienceDirect databases were searched using the keywords (prostate cancer OR prostatic neoplasm) AND (asbestos* OR crocidolite* OR chrysotile* OR amphibole* OR amosite*). To be included, articles needed to describe our primary outcome: Risk of prostate cancer after any asbestos exposure. RESULTS We included 33 studies with 15,687 cases of prostate cancer among 723,566 individuals. Asbestos exposure increased the risk of prostate cancer (effect size = 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.05-1.15). When we considered mode of absorption, respiratory inhalation increased the risk of prostate cancer (1.10, 95% CI = 1.05-1.14). Both environmental and occupational exposure increased the risk of prostate cancer (1.25, 95% CI = 1.01-1.48; and 1.07, 1.04-1.10, respectively). For type of fibers, the amosite group had an increased risk of prostate cancer (1.12, 95% CI = 1.05-1.19), and there were no significant results for the chrysotile/crocidolite group. The risk was higher in Europe (1.12, 95% CI = 1.05-1.19), without significant results in other continents. DISCUSSION Asbestos exposure seems to increase prostate cancer risk. The main mechanism of absorption was respiratory. Both environmental and occupational asbestos exposure were linked to increased risk of prostate cancer. CONCLUSION Patients who were exposed to asbestos should possibly be encouraged to complete more frequent prostate cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Dutheil
- Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Occupational and Preventive Medicine, WittyFit, France.,Faculty of Health, School of Exercise Science, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria
| | - Laetitia Zaragoza-Civale
- Occupational and Preventive Medicine, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Biostatistics Unit, the Clinical Research and Innovation Direction, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martial Mermillod
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université, Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LPNC, Grenoble.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris
| | - Julien S Baker
- Department of Sport, Physical Education, and Health, Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong
| | - Jeannot Schmidt
- Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Emergency Medicine, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Fares Moustafa
- Emergency Medicine, Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Valentin Navel
- Ophthalmology, Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, France
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15
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Chrysotile fibers in tissue adjacent to laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in cases with a history of occupational asbestos exposure. Mod Pathol 2020; 33:228-234. [PMID: 31383968 PMCID: PMC6995753 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-019-0332-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Asbestos describes a group of naturally occurring fibrous silicate mineral compounds that have been associated with a number of respiratory maladies, including mesothelioma and lung cancer. In addition, based primarily on epidemiologic studies, asbestos has been implicated as a risk factor for laryngeal and pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The main objective of this work was to strengthen existing evidence via empirical demonstration of persistent asbestos fibers embedded in the tissue surrounding laryngeal and pharyngeal SCC, thus providing a more definitive biological link between exposure and disease. Six human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative laryngeal (n = 4) and pharyngeal (n = 2) SCC cases with a history working in an asbestos-exposed occupation were selected from a large population-based case-control study of head and neck cancer. A laryngeal SCC case with no history of occupational asbestos exposure was included as a control. Tissue cores were obtained from adjacent nonneoplastic tissue in tumor blocks from the initial primary tumor resection, and mineral fiber analysis was performed using a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDXA). Chrysotile asbestos fiber bundles were identified in 3/6 of evaluated cases with a history of occupational asbestos exposure. All three cases had tumors originating in the larynx. In addition, a wollastonite fiber of unclear significance was identified one of the HPV-negative pharyngeal SCC cases. No mineral fibers were identified in adjacent tissue of the case without occupational exposure. The presence of asbestos fibers in the epithelial tissue surrounding laryngeal SCC in cases with a history of occupational asbestos exposure adds a key line of physical evidence implicating asbestos as an etiologic factor.
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Sakakibara-Konishi J, Sato M, Sato MT, Kasahara K, Onozawa M, Mizugaki H, Kikuchi E, Asahina H, Shinagawa N, Konno S. Nivolumab-induced immune thrombocytopenia in a patient with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Respir Med Case Rep 2020; 31:101170. [PMID: 32714828 PMCID: PMC7378269 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2020.101170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and highly aggressive tumor. Nivolumab showed durable antitumor effect in patients with recurrent MPM and was approved for those patients in Japan in 2018. Immune related adverse event (irAE) is occurred in various organs and is suggestive to be related to better outcome of nivolumab. Frequency of hematological irAE is low and there are few reports about hematological irAE and association between irAE and outcome of nivolumab in patients with MPM. We present a case of recurrent MPM who responded to nivolumab treatment and experienced nivolumab-induced immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Although high dose dexamethasone was administered and platelet count increased transiently, re-administration of dexamethasone was required to maintain normal count of platelet. The careful and intensive management of ITP treatment is necessary in cases who show no response or relapse to initial glucocorticoids treatment. This is the first report about nivolumab-induced ITP and association with response to nivolumab in MPM. Frequency of hematological immune related adverse event (irAE) is low and there are only a few reports of hematological irAE in patients with MPM. This patient needed repeated administration of dexamethasone for nivolumab-induced immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) treatment. Careful and intensive management of ITP treatment is necessary in patients who show no response or who relapse after initial glucocorticoid treatment. A clinical response to nivolumab was observed in this patient. This is the first report of nivolumab-induced ITP and its association with response to nivolumab treatment in a patient with MPM.
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17
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Villamizar GA, Navarro-Vargas JR. Asbestos in Colombia: Industry versus science and health. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE MEDICINA 2019. [DOI: 10.15446/revfacmed.v67n4.77744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The usefulness of an industrial product must be measured both in economic profitability and product safety terms, and the social benefit it represents. In the case of asbestos, due to its harmful effects on human health, its use, handling and production has been banned in high-income countries thanks to the efforts carried out by their oversight bodies. Worldwide, the industrial use of this mineral has been associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, hence the importance of denouncing the health effects of asbestos.Asbestos is a term used to refer to six naturally occurring silicate minerals that are used in the manufacture of building materials, such as asbestos–cement, and automotive components, including brake linings and brake pads; however, it has been proved that inhaling asbestos microscopic fibers can lead to the development of lung diseases (pneumoconioses) and cancer. In many cases, these diseases are caused by a short occupational or environmental exposure to it, but their clinical manifestation occurs several years after the first time of exposure.The main objective of this paper is to reflect on the hazards related to the use of asbestos and to influence public health policies addressing this problem in Colombia, so that by means of the newly adopted law banning the use of this mineral in our country, significant progress is made in aspects such as the identification and the monitoring of people who were exposed to it, and the handling, removal and final disposal of materials containing asbestos.
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18
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Abstract
Since 1973 the International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified asbestos as a certain carcinogen, but today it is still used in several countries. To date, mesothelioma risk is certainly linked not only to occupational exposures but also to environmental exposures. The incidence and mortality are increasing worldwide, especially in developing countries where asbestos is still often used without adequate measures for worker safety. The epidemiological surveillance systems of related asbestos diseases are instruments of public health adopted internationally. The experience and the operating methodology of the Italian mesothelioma registry and the data produced from 1996 to 2015 highlight how in countries where the asbestos ban has been active for over 20 years the risk of asbestos remains present, especially in the construction sector as well as for the environmental exposures of the resident population near companies that used asbestos in their production cycle. Worldwide, it is necessary to introduce the ban on the extraction, processing, and marketing of asbestos as claimed by the international scientific community.
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19
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Barbone F, Barbiero F, Belvedere O, Rosolen V, Giangreco M, Zanin T, Pisa FE, Meduri S, Follador A, Grossi F, Fasola G. Impact of low-dose computed tomography screening on lung cancer mortality among asbestos-exposed workers. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 47:1981-1991. [PMID: 30325420 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyy212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We previously showed that low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening in asbestos-exposed workers is effective in detecting lung cancer (LC) at an early stage. Here, we evaluate whether LDCT screening could reduce mortality from LC in such a high-risk population. Methods Within a cohort of 2433 asbestos-exposed men enrolled in an Occupational Health surveillance programme, we compared mortality between the participants in the ATOM002 study (LDCT-P, N = 926) and contemporary non-participants (LDCT-NP, N = 1507). We estimated standardized mortality ratios for the LDCT-P and LDCT-NP populations using regional and national rates (SMR_FVG and SMR_ITA, respectively). We compared survival for all causes, all neoplasms, LC and malignant neoplasm of pleura (MNP) between LDCT-P and LDCT-NP using Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, smoking history, asbestos exposure level and comorbidities. Results A reduction in mortality from LC was observed in the LDCT-P group compared with regional and national figures (SMR_FVG = 0.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.24-1.09; SMR_ITA = 0.51, 95% CI 0.22-1.01); this was not the case for the LDCT-NP group (SMR_FVG = 2.07, 95% CI 1.53-2.73; SMR_ITA = 1.98, 95% CI 1.47-2.61). A strong reduction in LC mortality was observed for the LDCT-P compared with the LDCT-NP [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.41, 95% CI 0.17-0.96]. Mortality was also reduced for all causes (HR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.44-0.84), but not for all neoplasms (HR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.62-1.50) and MNP (HR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.31-2.41) within the LDCT-P population. Conclusions In our cohort, participation in the LDCT screening study was associated with reduced mortality from LC. This finding supports the use of LDCT in surveillance programmes for asbestos-exposed workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Barbone
- Dipartimento di Area Medica, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.,Institute of Hygiene and Clinical Epidemiology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, Udine, Italy
| | - Fabiano Barbiero
- Dipartimento di Area Medica, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.,Occupational Health and Safety Department, Local Health Authority No 3 'SERENISSIMA', Veneto Region, Mestre, Italy
| | - Ornella Belvedere
- Department of Oncology, York Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, York, UK
| | | | | | - Tina Zanin
- Occupational Health and Safety Department, Local Health Authority No 2 (ASS2), Friuli Venezia Giulia Region, Gorizia, Italy
| | - Federica E Pisa
- Institute of Hygiene and Clinical Epidemiology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, Udine, Italy.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Stefano Meduri
- Department of Radiology, Latisana Hospital, Latisana, Italy
| | - Alessandro Follador
- Dipartimento ad Attività Integrata di Oncologia, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, Udine, Italy
| | - Francesco Grossi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianpiero Fasola
- Dipartimento ad Attività Integrata di Oncologia, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, Udine, Italy
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Cohen L, Jefferies A. Environmental exposures and cancer: using the precautionary principle. Ecancermedicalscience 2019; 13:ed91. [PMID: 31281435 PMCID: PMC6546253 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2019.ed91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the 1970s, more than 87,000 chemicals have been approved for commercial use. Yet of those thousands of chemicals, only just over one thousand have been formally examined and graded for their carcinogenic potential. Of those, five hundred have been found worthy of being graded on a cautiously worded scale ranging from “known” carcinogens to “possibly” carcinogenic. In addition to carcinogenic substances, a new field has emerged researching how environmental toxins cause endocrine or hormonal disruption. A class of these compounds known as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can be found in our food, our environment, and in the products we put on our bodies. Rather than being directly linked to causing cancer, like substances such as asbestos, EDCs influence our health by mimicking or enhancing or changing metabolic regulation. These compounds interfere with hormone production and metabolism in ways that may—especially over the long term—create biological conditions that make us more susceptible to cancer and other diseases. Most of us are exposed to a cocktail of environmental toxins on an ongoing daily basis and at a relatively low level of exposure. Given the lax regulation of chemicals and the reactionary approach of government regulators, it is up to the consumer to be diligent about reading labels and making healthy choices to limit exposure to chemicals and toxins. It is ideal to adopt the Precautionary Principle: until a chemical is found to be harmless, try to not use it. The precautionary principle means that you are maintaining awareness of what you are putting on and in your body and taking steps to avoid exposing yourself unnecessarily to toxins in your household and environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Cohen
- Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation, and Integrative Medicine, Section of Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Vital Matters, LLC, Houston, TX 77025, USA
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Wu L, Dell'Anno I, Lapidot M, Sekido Y, Chan ML, Kohno M, Serre-Beinier V, Felley-Bosco E, de Perrot M. Progress of malignant mesothelioma research in basic science: A review of the 14th international conference of the international mesothelioma interest group (iMig2018). Lung Cancer 2018; 127:138-145. [PMID: 30642542 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Here we summarize the most recent update of mesothelioma research in basic science presented at the 14th iMig2018 international conference. The symposium of basic science track mainly focused on the drivers of mesothelioma initiation and progression, molecular pathogenesis, and perspectives on potential therapeutic approaches. This review covers several promising fields including strategies efficiently inhibiting YAP/TAZ functions or their critical downstream targets, heparanase inhibitors, RAN depletion, and MIF/CD74 inhibitors that may be developed as novel therapeutic approaches. In addition, targeting mesothelioma stem cells by depleting M2-polarized macrophages in tumor microenvironment or blocking Tnfsf18 (GITRL)-GITR signalling might be translated into therapeutic modalities in mesothelioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licun Wu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Irene Dell'Anno
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Derna 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Moshe Lapidot
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Lung Center and International Mesothelioma Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yoshitaka Sekido
- Division of Cancer Biology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Kanokoden 1-1, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan
| | - Mei-Lin Chan
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mikihiro Kohno
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Veronique Serre-Beinier
- Department of Thoracic and Endocrine Surgery, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Emanuela Felley-Bosco
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8044, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marc de Perrot
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Kanchanachitra C, Tangcharoensathien V, Patcharanarumol W, Posayanonda T. Multisectoral governance for health: challenges in implementing a total ban on chrysotile asbestos in Thailand. BMJ Glob Health 2018; 3:e000383. [PMID: 30364381 PMCID: PMC6195151 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Interest in multisectoral governance for health has grown in recent years in response to the limitations of government-centric policy formulation and implementation. This study describes multisectoral governance associated with policy formulation and implementation of a total ban on chrysotile asbestos in Thailand. METHODS Qualitative methods were applied, including analysis of related literature and media, and in-depth interviews with key informants. Consent was obtained for interview and tape recording; protection of confidentiality was fully assured. RESULTS An agenda on total ban of chrysotile asbestos was proposed to the National Health Assembly, where a resolution was adopted in 2010. The resolution was endorsed by the Cabinet in 2011, which mandated the Ministry of Industry to implement the ban immediately. There was uneven interest and ownership by stakeholders in the policy formulation process. Long delays in implementation have been observed. Furthermore, while the policy is likely to affect relatively few industries there has been misinformation on the safe use of chrysotile, and delaying tactics and pressure from major chrysotile-exporting countries. CONCLUSION The National Health Assembly is a useful platform for policy formulation on complex policy issues requiring multisectoral action. However, policy implementation is challenging due to lack of clear policy across sectors. Success in protecting people's health requires participatory policy-making and effective governance of multisectoral action throughout implementation. The Assembly is not designed to enforce implementation, especially when power and authority lie with state actors, but monitoring and public reporting would be powerful tools to drive this agenda.
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Sarun KH, Lee K, Williams M, Wright CM, Clarke CJ, Cheng NC, Takahashi K, Cheng YY. Genomic Deletion of BAP1 and CDKN2A Are Useful Markers for Quality Control of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) Primary Cultures. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103056. [PMID: 30301262 PMCID: PMC6213505 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a deadly cancer that is caused by asbestos exposure and that has limited treatment options. The current standard of MPM diagnosis requires the testing of multiple immunohistochemical (IHC) markers on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue to differentiate MPM from other lung malignancies. To date, no single biomarker exists for definitive diagnosis of MPM due to the lack of specificity and sensitivity; therefore, there is ongoing research and development in order to identify alternative biomarkers for this purpose. In this study, we utilized primary MPM cell lines and tested the expression of clinically used biomarker panels, including CK8/18, Calretinin, CK 5/6, CD141, HBME-1, WT-1, D2-40, EMA, CEA, TAG72, BG8, CD15, TTF-1, BAP1, and Ber-Ep4. The genomic alteration of CDNK2A and BAP1 is common in MPM and has potential diagnostic value. Changes in CDKN2A and BAP1 genomic expression were confirmed in MPM samples in the current study using Fluorescence In situ Hybridization (FISH) analysis or copy number variation (CNV) analysis with digital droplet PCR (ddPCR). To determine whether MPM tissue and cell lines were comparable in terms of molecular alterations, IHC marker expression was analyzed in both sample types. The percentage of MPM biomarker levels showed variation between original tissue and matched cells established in culture. Genomic deletions of BAP1 and CDKN2A, however, showed consistent levels between the two. The data from this study suggest that genomic deletion analysis may provide more accurate biomarker options for MPM diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadir Harun Sarun
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
| | - Kenneth Lee
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
- Anatomical Pathology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
- School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Marissa Williams
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
- School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Casey Maree Wright
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
| | - Candice Julie Clarke
- Anatomical Pathology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
| | - Ngan Ching Cheng
- Liver Injury and Cancer Program, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia.
| | - Ken Takahashi
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
| | - Yuen Yee Cheng
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
- School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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25
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Quispel-Janssen J, van der Noort V, de Vries JF, Zimmerman M, Lalezari F, Thunnissen E, Monkhorst K, Schouten R, Schunselaar L, Disselhorst M, Klomp H, Hartemink K, Burgers S, Buikhuisen W, Baas P. Programmed Death 1 Blockade With Nivolumab in Patients With Recurrent Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol 2018; 13:1569-1576. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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26
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An YS, Kim HD, Kim HC, Jeong KS, Ahn YS. The characteristics of asbestos-related disease claims made to the Korea Workers' Compensation and Welfare Service (KCOMWEL) from 2011 to 2015. Ann Occup Environ Med 2018; 30:45. [PMID: 30009035 PMCID: PMC6042269 DOI: 10.1186/s40557-018-0256-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to enhance understanding of the epidemiologic characteristics of asbestos-related diseases, and to provide information that could inform policy-making aimed at prevention and compensation for occupational asbestos exposure, through analyzing asbestos-related occupational disease claims to Korea Workers’ Compensation and Welfare Service from 2011 to 2015. Methods We analyzed 113 workers who filed medical care claims or survivor benefits for asbestos exposure and occupational-related disease from 2011 to 2015. Among these claims, we selected approved workers’ compensation claims relating to malignant mesothelioma and lung cancer, and analyzed the general characteristics, exposure characteristics, pathological characteristics, and occupation and industry distribution. Results Malignant mesothelioma and lung cancer occurred predominantly in males at 89.7 and 94%, respectively. The mean age at the time of diagnosis for malignant mesothelioma and lung cancer was 59.5 and 59.7 years, respectively, while the latency period for malignant mesothelioma and lung cancer was 34.1 and 33.1 years, respectively. The companies involving exposed workers were most commonly situated within the Busan-Ulsan-Gyeongnam region. Histology results for lung cancer indicated adenocarcinoma as the most common form, accounting for approximately one half of all claims, followed by squamous cell carcinoma, and small cell lung cancer. The most common occupation type was construction in respect of malignant mesothelioma, and shipbuilding in respect of lung cancer. Conclusions Considering the long latency period of asbestos and that the peak period of asbestos use in Korea was throughout the mid-1990s, damage due to asbestos-related diseases is expected to show a continued long-term increase. Few studies providing an epidemiologic analysis of asbestos-related diseases are available; therefore, this study may provide baseline data to assist in predicting and preparing for future harm due to asbestos exposure. Trial registration DUIH 2018–02–004-001. Registered 28 Februrary 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yon Soo An
- 1Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, 31 Suncheonhyang 6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31151 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Doo Kim
- 2Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University Hospital, 27 Inhang-ro, Jung-gu, Incheon, 22332 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeoung Cheol Kim
- 3Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, 29 Saemunan-ro, Jongro-gu, Seoul, 03181 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Sook Jeong
- 4Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 22 Gwanpyeong-ro 170beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 14068 Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Soon Ahn
- 5Department of Preventive Medicine and Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 20 Ilsan-ro, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26426 Republic of Korea
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27
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Valenzuela M, Giraldo M, Gallo-Murcia S, Pineda J, Santos L, Ramos-Bonilla JP. Recent Scientific Evidence Regarding Asbestos Use and Health Consequences of Asbestos Exposure. Curr Environ Health Rep 2018; 3:335-347. [PMID: 27696225 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-016-0109-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
To justify the continuous use of two million tons of asbestos every year, it has been argued that a safe/controlled use can be achieved. The aim of this review was to identify recent scientific studies that present empirical evidence of: 1) health consequences resulting from past asbestos exposures and 2) current asbestos exposures resulting from asbestos use. Articles with evidence that could support or reject the safe/controlled use argument were also identified. A total of 155 articles were included in the review, and 87 % showed adverse asbestos health consequences or high asbestos exposures. Regarding the safe/controlled use, 44 articles were identified, and 82 % had evidence suggesting that the safe/controlled use is not being achieved. A large percentage of articles with evidence that support the safe/controlled use argument have a conflict of interest declared. Most of the evidence was developed in high-income countries and in countries that have already banned asbestos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Valenzuela
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Cra 1ª Este No. 19A-40, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Margarita Giraldo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Cra 1ª Este No. 19A-40, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sonia Gallo-Murcia
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Cra 1ª Este No. 19A-40, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juliana Pineda
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Cra 1ª Este No. 19A-40, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Laura Santos
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Cra 1ª Este No. 19A-40, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan Pablo Ramos-Bonilla
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Cra 1ª Este No. 19A-40, Bogotá, Colombia.
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28
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Baur X. Asbestos-Related Disorders in Germany: Background, Politics, Incidence, Diagnostics and Compensation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E143. [PMID: 29337930 PMCID: PMC5800242 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15010143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There was some limited use of asbestos at end of the 19th century in industrialized countries including Germany, but its consumption dramatically increased after World War II. The increase in use and exposure was followed by the discovery of high numbers of asbestos-related diseases with a mean latency period of about 38 years in Germany. The strong socio-political pressure from the asbestos industry, its affiliated scientists and physicians has successfully hindered regulatory measures and an asbestos ban for many years; a restrictive stance that is still being unravelled in compensation litigation. This national experience is compared with the situation in other industrialized countries and against the backdrop of the constant efforts of the WHO to eliminate asbestos-related diseases worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xaver Baur
- European Society for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, EOM, Berlin, Germany.
- Emeritus, Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine, University of Hamburg, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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29
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Yanamala N, Kisin ER, Gutkin DW, Shurin MR, Harper M, Shvedova AA. Characterization of pulmonary responses in mice to asbestos/asbestiform fibers using gene expression profiles. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 81:60-79. [PMID: 29279043 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1408201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Humans exposed to asbestos and/or asbestiform fibers are at high risk of developing many lung diseases including asbestosis, lung cancer, and malignant mesothelioma. However, the disease-causing potential and specific metabolic mechanisms and pathways associated with various asbestos/asbestiform fiber exposures triggering different carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic outcomes are still largely unknown. The aim of this this study was to investigate gene expression profiles and inflammatory responses to different asbestos/asbestiform fibers at the acute/sub-acute phase that may be related to delayed pathological outcomes observed at later time points. Mice were exposed to asbestos (crocidolite, tremolite asbestos), asbestiform fibers (erionite), and a low pathogenicity mineral fiber (wollastonite) using oropharyngeal aspiration. Similarities in inflammatory and tissue damage responses, albeit with quantitative differences, were observed at day 1 and 7 post treatment. Exposure to different fibers induced significant changes in regulation and release of a number of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. Comparative analysis of changes in gene regulation in the lung on day 7 post exposure were interpretable in the context of differential biological responses that were consistent with histopathological findings at days 7 and 56 post treatment. Our results noted differences in the magnitudes of pulmonary responses and gene regulation consistent with pathological alterations induced by exposures to four asbestos/asbestiform fibers examined. Further comparative mechanistic studies linking early responses with the long-term endpoints may be instrumental to understanding triggering mechanisms underlying pulmonary carcinogenesis, that is lung cancer versus mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena R Kisin
- a Exposure Assessment Branch , NIOSH/CDC, Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Dmitriy W Gutkin
- b Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - Michael R Shurin
- b Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - Martin Harper
- a Exposure Assessment Branch , NIOSH/CDC, Morgantown , WV , USA
- c Zefon International, Inc. , Ocala , FL , USA
| | - Anna A Shvedova
- a Exposure Assessment Branch , NIOSH/CDC, Morgantown , WV , USA
- d Department Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience , School of Medicine, West Virginia University , Morgantown , WV , USA
- e Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University , Morgantown , WV , USA
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30
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Hylebos M, Van Camp G, Vandeweyer G, Fransen E, Beyens M, Cornelissen R, Suls A, Pauwels P, van Meerbeeck JP, Op de Beeck K. Large-scale copy number analysis reveals variations in genes not previously associated with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:113673-113686. [PMID: 29371938 PMCID: PMC5768355 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive tumor that is often causally associated with asbestos exposure. Comparative genomic hybridization techniques and arrays demonstrated a complex set of copy number variations (CNVs) in the MPM-genome. These techniques however have a limited resolution, throughput and flexibility compared to next-generation sequencing platforms. In this study, the presence of CNVs in the MPM-genome was investigated using an MPM-cohort (N = 85) for which genomic microarray data are available through ‘The Cancer Genome Atlas’ (TCGA). To validate these results, the genomes of MPMs and matched normal samples (N = 21) were analyzed using low-pass whole genome sequencing on an ‘Illumina HiSeq’ platform. CNVs were detected using in-house developed analysis pipelines and frequencies of copy number loss and gain were calculated. In both datasets, losses on chromosomes 1, 3, 4, 6, 9, 13 and 22 and gains on chromosomes 1, 5, 7 and 17 were found in at least 25% and 15% of MPMs, respectively. Besides the well-known MPM-associated genes, CDKN2A, NF2 and BAP1, other interesting cancer-associated genes were listed as frequently involved in a copy number loss (e.g. EP300, SETD2 and PBRM1). Moreover, four cancer-associated genes showed a high frequency of copy number gain in both datasets (i.e. TERT, FCGR2B, CD79B and PRKAR1A). A statistically significant association between overall survival and the presence of copy number loss in the CDKN2A-containing region was observed in the TCGA-set. In conclusion, recurrent CNVs were detected in both datasets, occurring in regions harboring known MPM-associated genes and genes not previously linked to MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Hylebos
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium.,Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Guy Van Camp
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium.,Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Geert Vandeweyer
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Erik Fransen
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium.,StatUa Center for Statistics, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Matthias Beyens
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium.,Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Robin Cornelissen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Cancer Institute, 3015 Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arvid Suls
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Patrick Pauwels
- Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.,Laboratory of Pathology, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jan P van Meerbeeck
- Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.,Thoracic Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ken Op de Beeck
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Antwerp, Belgium.,Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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31
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Lemen RA, Landrigan PJ. Toward an Asbestos Ban in the United States. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:E1302. [PMID: 29072598 PMCID: PMC5707941 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14111302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many developed countries have banned the use of asbestos, but not the United States. There have, however, been multiple efforts in the US to establish strict exposure standards, to limit asbestos use, and to seek compensation through the courts for asbestos-injured workers' In consequence of these efforts, asbestos use has declined dramatically, despite the absence of a legally mandated ban. This manuscript presents a historical review of these efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Lemen
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (retired), Washington, DC 20024, USA.
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health of the Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
- Collegium Ramazzini, Castello di Bentivoglio via Saliceto, Bentivoglio, 340010 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Philip J Landrigan
- Collegium Ramazzini, Castello di Bentivoglio via Saliceto, Bentivoglio, 340010 Bologna, Italy.
- Environmental Medicine and Public, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA.
- Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1090 Tusculum Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45226-1988, USA.
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32
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Valouma A, Verganelaki A, Tetoros I, Maravelaki-Kalaitzaki P, Gidarakos E. Magnesium oxide production from chrysotile asbestos detoxification with oxalic acid treatment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 336:93-100. [PMID: 28477559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the detoxification of pure chrysotile (Chr) asbestos by following an acid leaching treatment with oxalic acid dihydrate (Oxac) (H2C2O4·2H2O). Oxac was chosen due to its low environmental impact (or toxicity) and cost. We demonstrate the effectiveness of different concentrations of Oxac as proposed formulations. The results from FTIR, XRD and optical microscopy analyses indicated that all the applied treatments destructed the Chr structure while a new biomaterial, Glushinskite (Gls) was formed by the reaction between Oxac with the outer Brucite (Brc) (MgO2) layer surface of Chr. Oxac 0.05M was selected as the optimal concentration for an eight-day treatment for the detoxification. The heating of the supernatant of the above-treated solution at 480°C, yielded MgO in a considerable concentration (8.29% w/w). According to the energy consumption study the whole applied procedure is viable with an economic profit up to 4.3% and a low cost method of detoxification on the operation of a potential asbestos waste management site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Valouma
- School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Akrotiri University Campus, Chania 73100 Crete, Greece
| | - Anastasia Verganelaki
- School of Architectural Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Akrotiri University Campus, Chania, 73100 Crete, Greece
| | - Ioannis Tetoros
- School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Akrotiri University Campus, Chania 73100 Crete, Greece
| | - Pagona Maravelaki-Kalaitzaki
- School of Architectural Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Akrotiri University Campus, Chania, 73100 Crete, Greece.
| | - Evangelos Gidarakos
- School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Akrotiri University Campus, Chania 73100 Crete, Greece.
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33
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Cely-García MF, Curriero FC, Sánchez-Silva M, Breysse PN, Giraldo M, Méndez L, Torres-Duque C, Durán M, González-García M, Parada P, Ramos-Bonilla JP. Estimation of personal exposure to asbestos of brake repair workers. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2017; 27:417-426. [PMID: 27966665 DOI: 10.1038/jes.2016.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Exposure assessments are key tools to conduct epidemiological studies. Since 2010, 28 riveters from 18 brake repair shops with different characteristics and workloads were sampled for asbestos exposure in Bogotá, Colombia. Short-term personal samples collected during manipulation activities of brake products, and personal samples collected during non-manipulation activities were used to calculate 103 8-h TWA PCM-equivalent personal asbestos concentrations. The aims of this study are to identify exposure determinant variables associated with the 8-h TWA personal asbestos concentrations among brake mechanics, and propose different models to estimate potential asbestos exposure of brake mechanics in an 8-h work-shift. Longitudinal-based multivariate linear regression models were used to determine the association between personal asbestos concentrations in a work-shift with different variables related to work tasks and workload of the mechanics, and some characteristics of the shops. Monte Carlo simulations were used to estimate the 8-h TWA PCM-Eq personal asbestos concentration in work-shifts that had manipulations of brake products or cleaning activities of the manipulation area, using the results of the sampling campaigns. The simulations proposed could be applied for both current and retrospective studies to determine personal asbestos exposures of brake mechanics, without the need of sampling campaigns or historical data of air asbestos concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frank C Curriero
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mauricio Sánchez-Silva
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Patrick N Breysse
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Margarita Giraldo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lorena Méndez
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carlos Torres-Duque
- Research Department, Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogotá, Colombia
- Medical Department, Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Durán
- Medical Department, Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Patricia Parada
- Research Department, Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogotá, Colombia
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34
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Feder IS, Tischoff I, Theile A, Schmitz I, Merget R, Tannapfel A. The asbestos fibre burden in human lungs: new insights into the chrysotile debate. Eur Respir J 2017; 49:49/6/1602534. [PMID: 28663314 PMCID: PMC5898940 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02534-2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The traceability of asbestos fibres in human lungs is a matter of discussion especially for chrysotile. This issue is of high significance for differential diagnosis, risk assessment and occupational compensation. At present no intra-individual longitudinal information is available. This study addresses the question whether the asbestos fibre burden in human lungs decreases with time after exposure cessation. The database of the German Mesothelioma Register was screened for patients with asbestos body counts of at least 500 fibres per gram of wet lung, which had been analysed twice from different tissue excisions at minimum intervals of 4 years. Twelve datasets with individual longitudinal information were discovered with a median interval of about 8 years (range 4–21 years). Both examinations were performed after exposure cessation (median: surgery, 9.5 years; autopsy, 22 years). Pulmonary asbestos fibre burden was stable between both examinations (median 1623/4269 asbestos bodies per gram wet lung). Electron microscopy demonstrated a preponderance of chrysotile (median 80%). This study is the first to present longitudinal intra-individual data about the asbestos fibre burden in living human lungs. The high biopersistence of amphiboles, but also of chrysotile, offers mechanistic explanations for fibre toxicity, especially the long latency period of asbestos-related diseases. Intra-individual longitudinal data display: the asbestos fibre burden in living human lungs is stable over many yearshttp://ow.ly/VtPF30bRETz
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Affiliation(s)
- Inke Sabine Feder
- Institute for Pathology of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Iris Tischoff
- Institute for Pathology of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Anja Theile
- Institute for Pathology of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Inge Schmitz
- Institute for Pathology of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Rolf Merget
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Andrea Tannapfel
- Institute for Pathology of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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35
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Abstract
Criminal prosecutions of individuals in the asbestos industry are reviewed, particularly the case of asbestos owner-executive Stephan Schmidheiny. Italian courts sentenced Schmidheiny to sixteen to eighteen years in jail for creating an environmental disaster causing three thousand deaths. The convictions were overturned on a technicality, and a murder case against Schmidheiny has started. His firm, Eternit, made asbestos-cement building products in many countries. Schmidheiny directed a cover-up that the Italian Court of Appeal blamed for delaying the ban of asbestos in Italy by ten years. Today, the asbestos industry is a criminal industry, profiting only by minimizing its costs for the prevention and compensation of occupational and environmental illness. The asbestos industry should only be consulted by governments for the purpose of closing it and dealing with the legacy of in-place asbestos.
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36
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Dahlgren J, Talbott P. Case report: peritoneal mesothelioma from asbestos in hairdryers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2016; 21:1-4. [PMID: 25633928 DOI: 10.1179/2049396714y.0000000092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between mesothelioma and exposure to asbestos is well established. As a result, the use of asbestos in buildings, construction sites, and mines, as well as the implications of disease for the workers has received considerable attention. However, asbestos was also used in household equipment and consumer products, including hairdryers. PURPOSE To examine one case of peritoneal mesothelioma in a hairdresser and review the relevant literature on asbestos exposure from hairdryers. METHODS The subject's medical and occupational records were obtained and reviewed and a physical examination was performed. RESULTS The results indicate that the subject developed peritoneal mesothelioma from her occupational exposure to asbestos containing hairdryers in accordance with the literature. CONCLUSION Hairdryers are possible sources of asbestos exposure in patients with mesothelioma, and the asbestos exposure risk is higher for those who use hairdryers occupationally.
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Hylebos M, Van Camp G, van Meerbeeck JP, Op de Beeck K. The Genetic Landscape of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Results from Massively Parallel Sequencing. J Thorac Oncol 2016; 11:1615-26. [PMID: 27282309 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2016.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare yet aggressive tumor that is causally associated with-mostly professional-asbestos exposure. Given the long latency between exposure and disease, and because asbestos is still being used, MPM will remain a global health issue for decades to come. Notwithstanding the increasing incidence of MPM and the fact that patients with MPM face a poor prognosis, currently available treatment options are limited. To enable the development of novel targeted therapies, identification of the genetic alterations underlying MPM will be crucial. The first studies reporting on the genomic background of MPM identified recurrent somatic mutations in a number of tumor suppressor genes (i.e., cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A gene [CDKN2A], neurofibromin 2 (merlin) gene [NF2], and BRCA1 associated protein 1 gene [BAP1]). More recently, massively parallel sequencing strategies have been used and have provided a more genome-wide view on the genetic landscape of MPM. This review summarizes their results, describing alterations that cluster mainly in four pathways: the tumor protein p53/DNA repair, cell cycle, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and phosphoinisitide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathways. As these pathways are important during tumor development, they provide interesting candidates for targeting with novel drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Hylebos
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Guy Van Camp
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jan P van Meerbeeck
- Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Thoracic Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ken Op de Beeck
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Dahlgren JG, Talbott PJ. Lung cancer from asbestos textured ceilings: a case study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2016; 22:175-8. [PMID: 27097900 DOI: 10.1080/10773525.2016.1162952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asbestos was used in spray applied textured ceilings from 1945 to at least 1980. Exposure to asbestos and the probability of developing lung disease is high in individuals who lived with these types of ceilings in their home. Asbestos exposure and frequency of disease is even higher in an apartment suffering from flooding, maintenance, and/or multiple structural impacts. PURPOSE Our goal is to examine a case of lung cancer in a non-smoking individual exposed to asbestos from the damaged acoustic ceilings in her apartment. METHODS The subject's medical and occupational records were obtained and reviewed and a physical examination was performed. Exposure ratings were obtained from previous literature for discussion purposes. CONCLUSION Asbestos-textured ceilings are a possible source of asbestos exposure and there may be a risk of developing cancer in individuals exposed to ceiling deterioration.
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Silbergeld EK, Mandrioli D, Cranor CF. Regulating chemicals: law, science, and the unbearable burdens of regulation. Annu Rev Public Health 2016; 36:175-91. [PMID: 25785889 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031914-122654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The challenges of regulating industrial chemicals remain unresolved in the United States. The Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) of 1976 was the first legislation to extend coverage to the regulation of industrial chemicals, both existing and newly registered. However, decisions related to both law and science that were made in passing this law inevitably rendered it ineffectual. Attempts to fix these shortcomings have not been successful. In light of the European Union's passage of innovative principles and requirements for chemical regulation, it is no longer possible to deny the opportunity and need for reform in US law and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen K Silbergeld
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205; ,
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Abstract
In the 1970s, there were many reports of toxic hazards at corporate subsidiaries in the developing world that were no longer tolerated in the corporations' "home" countries. Following the chemical disaster in Bhopal, India, in 1984, leading corporations then announced that they applied uniform standards of worker and environmental protection worldwide. With globalization, corporations should also be obliged to take responsibility for their separate supplier, contractor and distributor companies, and licensees of their technology.The asbestos industry today consists of national corporations. Individual countries must overcome the influence of the asbestos-exporting countries and asbestos companies and stop building with asbestos, as recommended by WHO, ILO, and World Bank. WHO precautions for limiting governmental interaction with the tobacco industry should be applied in dealing with the asbestos industry.
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Mandrioli D, Silbergeld EK. Evidence from Toxicology: The Most Essential Science for Prevention. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2016; 124:6-11. [PMID: 26091173 PMCID: PMC4710610 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1509880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most essential goal of medicine and public health is to prevent harm (primum non nocere). This goal is only fully achieved with primary prevention, which requires us to identify and prevent harms prior to human exposure through research and testing that does not involve human subjects. For that reason, public health policies place considerable reliance on nonhuman toxicological studies. However, toxicology as a field has often not produced efficient and timely evidence for decision making in public health. In response to this, the U.S. National Research Council called for the adoption of evidence-based methods and systematic reviews in regulatory decision making. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the European Food Safety Agency (EFSA) have recently endorsed these methods in their assessments of safety and risk. OBJECTIVES In this commentary we summarize challenges and problems in current practices in toxicology as applied to decision making. We compare these practices with the principles and methods utilized in evidence-based medicine and health care, with emphasis on the record of the Cochrane Collaboration. DISCUSSION We propose a stepwise strategy to support the development, validation, and application of evidence-based toxicology (EBT). We discuss current progresses in this field produced by the Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) of the National Toxicology Program and the Navigation Guide works. We propose that adherence to the Cochrane principles is a fundamental prerequisite for the development and implementation of EBT. CONCLUSION The adoption of evidence-based principles and methods will enhance the validity, transparency, efficiency, and acceptance of toxicological evidence, with benefits in terms of reducing delays and costs for all stakeholders (researchers, consumers, regulators, and industry). CITATION Mandrioli D, Silbergeld EK. 2016. Evidence from toxicology: the most essential science for prevention. Environ Health Perspect 124:6-11; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1509880.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Mandrioli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center, Ramazzini Institute, Bologna, Italy
- Address correspondence to D. Mandrioli, Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center, Ramazzini Institute, Via Saliceto 3, Bentivoglio, Bologna, 40010, Italy. Telephone: 39 051 6640460. E-mail:
| | - Ellen Kovner Silbergeld
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Santarelli L, Staffolani S, Strafella E, Nocchi L, Manzella N, Grossi P, Bracci M, Pignotti E, Alleva R, Borghi B, Pompili C, Sabbatini A, Rubini C, Zuccatosta L, Bichisecchi E, Valentino M, Horwood K, Comar M, Bovenzi M, Dong LF, Neuzil J, Amati M, Tomasetti M. Combined circulating epigenetic markers to improve mesothelin performance in the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma. Lung Cancer 2015; 90:457-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2015.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Fibulin-3 levels in malignant pleural mesothelioma are associated with prognosis but not diagnosis. Br J Cancer 2015; 113:963-9. [PMID: 26263483 PMCID: PMC4578085 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Fibulin-3 (FBLN3) was recently presented as a promising novel biomarker for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), warranting independent validation studies. Methods: ELISA was used to measure cellular and secreted FBLN3 in cell lines, in plasma of xenograft tumour-bearing mice, in plasma from two independent series of MPM and non-MPM patients and in pleural fluid from a third series. Diagnostic and prognostic potential of FBLN3 was assessed by receiver operating characteristics curve analysis and Kaplan–Meier method, respectively. Results: FBLN3 was expressed in all MPM and benign mesothelial cell lines tested, and a correlation was observed between cellular protein expression and secreted levels. Human FBLN3 was detectable in plasma of tumour-bearing mice, suggesting that MPM cells contribute to levels of circulating FBLN3. Plasma FBLN3 was significantly elevated in MPM patients from the Sydney cohort, but not the Vienna cohort, but the diagnostic accuracy was low (63%, (95% CI: 50.1–76.4) and 56% (95% CI: 41.5–71.0), respectively). Although FBLN3 levels in pleural effusions were not significantly different between cases and controls, FBLN3 levels in pleural effusion fluid were found to be independently associated with prognosis (hazard ratio of 9.92 (95% CI: 2.14–45.93)). Conclusions: These data confirm the potential prognostic value of pleural effusion FBLN3, but question the diagnostic value of this protein in MPM patients.
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Carlin DJ, Larson TC, Pfau JC, Gavett SH, Shukla A, Miller A, Hines R. Current Research and Opportunities to Address Environmental Asbestos Exposures. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2015; 123:A194-7. [PMID: 26230287 PMCID: PMC4529018 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Asbestos-related diseases continue to result in approximately 120,000 deaths every year in the United States and worldwide. Although extensive research has been conducted on health effects of occupational exposures to asbestos, many issues related to environmental asbestos exposures remain unresolved. For example, environmental asbestos exposures associated with a former mine in Libby, Montana, have resulted in high rates of nonoccupational asbestos-related disease. Additionally, other areas with naturally occurring asbestos deposits near communities in the United States and overseas are undergoing investigations to assess exposures and potential health risks. Some of the latest public health, epidemiological, and basic research findings were presented at a workshop on asbestos at the 2014 annual meeting of the Society of Toxicology in Phoenix, Arizona. The following focus areas were discussed: a) mechanisms resulting in fibrosis and/or tumor development; b) relative toxicity of different forms of asbestos and other hazardous elongated mineral particles (EMPs); c) proper dose metrics (e.g., mass, fiber number, or surface area of fibers) when interpreting asbestos toxicity; d) asbestos exposure to susceptible populations; and e) using toxicological findings for risk assessment and remediation efforts. The workshop also featured asbestos research supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Better protection of individuals from asbestos-related health effects will require stimulation of new multidisciplinary research to further our understanding of what constitutes hazardous exposures and risk factors associated with toxicity of asbestos and other hazardous EMPs (e.g., nanomaterials).
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle J Carlin
- Division of Extramural Research and Training, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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Wu WT, Lin YJ, Li CY, Tsai PJ, Yang CY, Liou SH, Wu TN. Cancer Attributable to Asbestos Exposure in Shipbreaking Workers: A Matched-Cohort Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0133128. [PMID: 26192180 PMCID: PMC4507997 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Long-term follow-up studies of asbestos-related cancer in shipbreaking workers are lacking. This study examines the relationship between cancer incidence and asbestos exposure among former Taiwan shipbreaking workers. Methods A total of 4,427 shipbreaking workers and 22,135 population-based matched controls were successfully followed in this study. The study cohort was linked to the Taiwan Cancer Registry for new cancer cases. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for cancer was calculated for the shipbreaking workers with Total Exposure Potential Scores (TEP) for asbestos. Results Follow-up generated 109,932 person-years, with 940 deaths and 436 cancer cases, among 4,427 shipbreaking workers from 1985 to 2008. The high asbestos exposure group also had a statistically significant increase in the risk of overall cancer (aHR= 1.71; 95% CI: 1.42-2.05), esophagus cancer (aHR= 2.31; 95% CI: 1.00-5.41), liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancer (aHR= 1.60; 95% CI: 1.08-2.36), and trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer (aHR= 3.08; 95% CI: 1.80-5.25). Mesothelioma cases were found in the high asbestos exposure group. Moreover, overall cancer, esophagus cancer, and trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer were seen in a dose-dependent relationship with asbestos exposure. Conclusions This study presented the elevated trend of asbestos exposure with cancer incidence for overall cancer, esophagus cancer, and trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer among shipbreaking workers. Those workers previously exposed to asbestos should receive persistent monitoring in order to early detect adverse health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Te Wu
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Lin
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Li
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Perng-Jy Tsai
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yuh Yang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Saou-Hsing Liou
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Trong-Neng Wu
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, HungKuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Järvholm B, Burdorf A. Emerging evidence that the ban on asbestos use is reducing the occurrence of pleural mesothelioma in Sweden. Scand J Public Health 2015; 43:875-81. [PMID: 26194352 PMCID: PMC4638313 DOI: 10.1177/1403494815596500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Several countries have banned the use of asbestos. The future health impacts of previous use have been modeled but there are to our knowledge no convincing studies showing a decreased occurrence of asbestos-related diseases due to a ban. The aim of our study was to estimate the effects of the ban and other measures to decrease the use of asbestos in Sweden. METHODS The effect was measured through comparing the incidence of pleural malignant mesothelioma in birth cohorts who started to work before and after the decrease in the use of asbestos, i.e. in mid-1970s. Cases were identified through the Swedish Cancer Registry and the analysis was restricted to persons born in Sweden. RESULTS Men and women born 1955-79 had a decreased risk of malignant pleural mesothelioma compared to men and women born 1940-49 (RR 0.16, 95% CI 0.11-0.25; and RR 0.47, 95% CI 0.23-0.97 respectively). The decreased use of asbestos prevented each year about 10 cases in men and two cases in women below the age of 57 years in 2012. CONCLUSIONS The ban and decreased use of asbestos in Sweden can be measured today in birth cohorts that started their working career after the decrease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bengt Järvholm
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Alex Burdorf
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Dummer
- School of Population and Public Health, Cancer Prevention Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
| | - Carolyn Gotay
- School of Population and Public Health, Cancer Prevention Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
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Cely-García MF, Torres-Duque CA, Durán M, Parada P, Sarmiento OL, Breysse PN, Ramos-Bonilla JP. Personal exposure to asbestos and respiratory health of heavy vehicle brake mechanics. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2015; 25:26-36. [PMID: 24496218 DOI: 10.1038/jes.2014.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Asbestos brake linings and blocks are currently used in heavy vehicle brake repair shops (BRSs) in Bogotá, Colombia. Some brake products are sold detached from their supports and without holes, requiring manipulation before installation. The aim of this study was to assess asbestos exposures and conduct a preliminary evaluation of respiratory health in workers of heavy vehicles in BRSs. To estimate asbestos exposures, personal and area samples were collected in two heavy vehicle BRSs. Each shop was sampled during six consecutive days for the entire work shift. Personal samples were collected on 10 workers including riveters, brake mechanics, and administrative staff. Among workers sampled, riveters had the highest phase contrast microscopy equivalent (PCME) asbestos concentrations, with 8-h time-weighted average (TWA) personal exposures ranging between 0.003 and 0.157 f/cm(3). Respiratory health evaluations were performed on the 10 workers sampled. Three workers (30%) had circumscribed pleural thickening (pleural plaques), with calcifications in two of them. This finding is strongly suggestive of asbestos exposure. The results of this study provide preliminary evidence that workers in heavy vehicle BRSs could be at excessive risk of developing asbestos-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos A Torres-Duque
- 1] Research Department, Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogotá, Colombia [2] Medical Department, Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Durán
- Medical Department, Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Patricia Parada
- Research Department, Fundación Neumológica Colombiana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Patrick N Breysse
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Juan P Ramos-Bonilla
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
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Ollier M, Chamoux A, Naughton G, Pereira B, Dutheil F. Chest CT scan screening for lung cancer in asbestos occupational exposure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Chest 2014; 145:1339-1346. [PMID: 24480869 DOI: 10.1378/chest.13-2181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lung cancer is the most frequent malignant asbestos-related pathology and remains the most fatal cancer of industrialized countries. In heavy smokers, early detection of lung cancer with chest CT scan leads to a 20% mortality reduction. However, the use of CT scan screening for early detection of lung cancer in asbestos-exposed workers requires further investigation. This study aimed to determine whether CT scan screening in asbestos-exposed workers is effective in detecting asymptomatic lung cancer using a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS We reviewed all cohort studies involving chest CT scan screening in former asbestos-exposed workers. The search strategy used the following keywords: "asbestos," "lung cancer," "screening," and "occupation*" or "work." Databases were PubMed, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, and Embase. RESULTS Seven studies matched our inclusion criteria. Baseline screening detected 49 asymptomatic lung cancers among 5,074 asbestos-exposed workers. Of the 49 reported lung cancers, at least 18 were in the earliest stage (stage I), accessible to complete removal surgery. The prevalence of all lung cancers detected by CT scan screening in asbestos-exposed workers was 1.1% (95% CI, 0.6%-1.8%). CONCLUSIONS CT scan screening in asbestos-exposed workers is effective in detecting asymptomatic lung cancer. Detection of lung cancer in asbestos-exposed workers using CT scanning is at least equal to the prevalence in heavy smokers (1%; 95% CI, 0.09%-1.1%) and also shared a similar proportion of stage I diagnoses. Screening asbestos-exposed workers could reduce mortality in proportions previously observed among heavy smokers and, thus, should not be neglected, particularly for individuals combining both exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Ollier
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Clinical Research and Innovation Direction, Sport Medicine and Functional Exploration, University Hospital CHU G. Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise in Physiological and Pathological Conditions EA3533, Blaise Pascal University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Alain Chamoux
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Clinical Research and Innovation Direction, Sport Medicine and Functional Exploration, University Hospital CHU G. Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Geraldine Naughton
- Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise in Physiological and Pathological Conditions EA3533, Blaise Pascal University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology EA 4677, Centre Jean Perrin, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frédéric Dutheil
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Clinical Research and Innovation Direction, Sport Medicine and Functional Exploration, University Hospital CHU G. Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France; School of Exercise Science, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia; Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise in Physiological and Pathological Conditions EA3533, Blaise Pascal University, Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, University of Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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