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Wang WG, Li SL, Liu B, Tang N, Zhang C, Jiang XF, Tao LM, Xu WP, Zhang Y. Natural pyrethrins induce cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells and neurotoxicity in zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 257:119267. [PMID: 38815718 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Natural pyrethrins are widely used in agriculture because of their good insecticidal activity. Meanwhile, natural pyrethrins play an important role in the safety evaluation of pyrethroids as precursors for structural development of pyrethroid insecticides. However, there are fewer studies evaluating the neurological safety of natural pyrethrins on non-target organisms. In this study, we used SH-SY5Y cells and zebrafish embryos to explore the neurotoxicity of natural pyrethrins. Natural pyrethrins were able to induce SH-SY5Y cells damage, as evidenced by decreased viability, cycle block, apoptosis and DNA damage. The apoptotic pathway may be related to the involvement of mitochondria and the results showed that natural pyrethrins induced a rise in Capase-3 viability, Ca2+ overload, a decrease in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and a collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential in SH-SY5Y cells. Natural pyrethrins may mediate DNA damage in SH-SY5Y cells through oxidative stress. The results showed that natural pyrethrins induced an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and catalase (CAT) activity, and induced a decrease in glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in SH-SY5Y cells. In vivo, natural pyrethrins induced developmental malformations in zebrafish embryos, which were mainly characterized by pericardial edema and yolk sac edema. Meanwhile, the results showed that natural pyrethrins induced damage to the Huc-GFP axis and disturbed lipid metabolism in the head of zebrafish embryos. Further results showed elevated ROS levels and apoptosis in the head of zebrafish embryos, which corroborated with the results of the cell model. Finally, the results of mRNA expression assay of neurodevelopment-related genes indicated that natural pyrethrins exposure interfered with their expression and led to neurodevelopmental damage in zebrafish embryos. Our study may raise concerns about the neurological safety of natural pyrethrins on non-target organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Guo Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Shou-Lin Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Qingpu District Agro-Technology Extension Service Center, Shanghai, 201799, China
| | - Ning Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, United States
| | - Xu-Feng Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Li-Ming Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Wen-Ping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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2
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Grotewold N, Albin RL. Update: Protective and risk factors for Parkinson disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024; 125:107026. [PMID: 38879999 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.107026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
We review the epidemiologic literature on potential protective and risk factors in Parkinson's Disease (PD). Prior research identified numerous possible protective and risk factors. Potential protective factors include tobacco abuse, physical activity, urate levels, NSAID use, calcium channel blocker use, statin use, and use of some α1-adrenergic antagonists. Some potential protective factors could be products of reverse causation, including increased serum urate, tobacco abuse, and coffee-tea-caffeine consumption. Potential risk factors include traumatic brain injury, pesticide exposure, organic solvent exposure, lead exposure, air pollution, Type 2 Diabetes, some dairy products, cardiovascular disease, and some infections including Hepatitis C, H. pylori, and COVID-19. Potential non-environmental risk factors include bipolar disorder, essential tremor, bullous pemphigoid, and inflammatory bowel disease. There is an inverse relationship with PD and risk of most cancers. Though many potential protective and risk factors for PD were identified, research has not yet led to unique, rigorous prevention trials or successful disease-modifying interventions. While efforts to reduce exposure to some industrial toxicants are well justified, PD incidence might be most effectively reduced by mitigation of risks, such as Type 2 Diabetes, air pollution, traumatic brain injury, or physical inactivity, that are general public health intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolas Grotewold
- Dept. of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Roger L Albin
- Dept. of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; GRECC & Neurology Service, VAAAHS, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA; University of Michigan Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease Research, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; University of Michigan Parkinson's Foundation Research Center of Excellence, USA.
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3
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Śmiłowska K, Pietrzykowski T, Owczarek AJ, Dorsey ER, Bloem BR, van Wamelen DJ. The Prevalence of Parkinson's Disease in Poland: Regional and Sex-Related Differences. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2024; 14:521-532. [PMID: 38457147 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-230291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Background Given the growing evidence for an environmental contribution to the etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD), searching for local and regional differences in PD prevalence in multiple areas across the world may further clarify the role of environmental toxins. Objective To provide local and regional prevalence estimates of PD in Poland. Methods We analyzed the prevalence of PD and its trend over the last decade (2010 to 2019) based on data from the National Health Fund in Poland. We specifically examined sex differences in PD prevalence, as well as differences across Polish regions. Results During the above period, the prevalence of PD in Poland increased from 226 per 100,000 to 269 per 100,000 inhabitants. Unexpectedly, we found that PD was 1.2-times more common in women than men. The increase in prevalence over the past decade was different between both sexes: an increase from 250 to 283 per 100,000 for women (13.3% increase), and from 200 to 254 per 100,000 for men (27.1% increase). In addition, we observed differences in prevalence across different Polish regions, with some regions having up to 51% lower prevalence rates than others. Conclusions The prevalence of PD in Poland is in line with previously reported prevalence rates across Europe. However, unlike the situation in most of the world, PD was more prevalent in women than men. We discuss several possible explanations as well as potential measures that might help to reduce the growth of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Śmiłowska
- Department of Neurology, 5th Regional Hospital in Sosnowiec, Poland
- Department of Neurology Centre of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement Disorders, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tomasz Pietrzykowski
- Faculty of Law and Administration, Research Centre for Public Policy and Regulatory Governance, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksander J Owczarek
- Department of Pathophysiology, Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit,Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - E Ray Dorsey
- Center for Health + Technology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Bastiaan R Bloem
- Department of Neurology Centre of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement Disorders, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel J van Wamelen
- Department of Neurology Centre of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement Disorders, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Parkinson's Foundation Center of Excellence, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK
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4
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Lini RS, Scanferla DTP, de Oliveira NG, Aguera RG, Santos TDS, Teixeira JJV, Kaneshima AMDS, Mossini SAG. Fungicides as a risk factor for the development of neurological diseases and disorders in humans: a systematic review. Crit Rev Toxicol 2024; 54:35-54. [PMID: 38288970 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2024.2303481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Although studies show that pesticides, especially insecticides, may be toxic to humans, publications on the neurological effects of fungicides are scarce. As fungicides are used widely in Brazil, it is necessary to gather evidence to support actions aimed at safely using of these chemicals. We investigated through a systematic review of publications on the use of fungicides and consequences of exposure related to nervous system diseases or neurological disorders in humans. The protocol review was registered on PROSPERO and followed the guidelines of the PRISMA-Statement. As far as it is known, there is no apparent systematic review in the literature on this topic. The search was comprised of the following databases: PubMed; Web of Science; Scopus and EMBASE, using groups of Mesh terms and strategies specific to each database. Thirteen articles were selected for this review. Regarding the substances analyzed in the studies, some reported the use of fungicides in general, without separating them by type, while others summarized the categories of all pesticides by their function (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, etc.) or chemical class (dithiocarbamate, dicarboximide, inorganic, etc.). However, most of the articles referred to fungicides that contain the metal manganese (Mn) in their composition. As for neurological disorders, articles addressed Parkinson's disease (PD), neurodevelopmental outcomes, extrapyramidal syndrome resembling PD, cognitive disorders, depression, neural tube defects, motor neurone disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Most investigations pointed to exposure to fungicides, mainly maneb and mancozeb, leading to the development of at least one neurological disease, which suggests the need for further multicentric clinical trials and prospective studies for greater clarity of the research problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Sano Lini
- Department of Health Basic Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Biosciences and Physiopathology, State University of Maringá, Maringa, Brazil
| | - Deborah Thais Palma Scanferla
- Department of Health Basic Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Biosciences and Physiopathology, State University of Maringá, Maringa, Brazil
| | - Nadya Garcia de Oliveira
- Department of Health Basic Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Biosciences and Physiopathology, State University of Maringá, Maringa, Brazil
| | - Raul Gomes Aguera
- Department of Health Basic Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Biosciences and Physiopathology, State University of Maringá, Maringa, Brazil
| | - Thais da Silva Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Biosciences and Physiopathology, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Brazil
| | - Jorge Juarez Vieira Teixeira
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Postgraduate Program in Biosciences and Physiopathology, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Brazil
| | | | - Simone Aparecida Galerani Mossini
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, Postgraduate Program in Biosciences and Physiopathology, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Brazil
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Shan L, Heusinkveld HJ, Paul KC, Hughes S, Darweesh SKL, Bloem BR, Homberg JR. Towards improved screening of toxins for Parkinson's risk. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:169. [PMID: 38114496 PMCID: PMC10730534 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00615-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive and disabling neurodegenerative disorder. The prevalence of PD has risen considerably over the past decades. A growing body of evidence suggest that exposure to environmental toxins, including pesticides, solvents and heavy metals (collectively called toxins), is at least in part responsible for this rapid growth. It is worrying that the current screening procedures being applied internationally to test for possible neurotoxicity of specific compounds offer inadequate insights into the risk of developing PD in humans. Improved screening procedures are therefore urgently needed. Our review first substantiates current evidence on the relation between exposure to environmental toxins and the risk of developing PD. We subsequently propose to replace the current standard toxin screening by a well-controlled multi-tier toxin screening involving the following steps: in silico studies (tier 1) followed by in vitro tests (tier 2), aiming to prioritize agents with human relevant routes of exposure. More in depth studies can be undertaken in tier 3, with whole-organism (in)vertebrate models. Tier 4 has a dedicated focus on cell loss in the substantia nigra and on the presumed mechanisms of neurotoxicity in rodent models, which are required to confirm or refute the possible neurotoxicity of any individual compound. This improved screening procedure should not only evaluate new pesticides that seek access to the market, but also critically assess all pesticides that are being used today, acknowledging that none of these has ever been proven to be safe from a perspective of PD. Importantly, the improved screening procedures should not just assess the neurotoxic risk of isolated compounds, but should also specifically look at the cumulative risk conveyed by exposure to commonly used combinations of pesticides (cocktails). The worldwide implementation of such an improved screening procedure, would be an essential step for policy makers and governments to recognize PD-related environmental risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Shan
- Department Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Harm J Heusinkveld
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Kimberly C Paul
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Samantha Hughes
- A-LIFE Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment, Section Environmental Health and Toxicology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sirwan K L Darweesh
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan R Bloem
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith R Homberg
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Liu ST, Horng JL, Lin LY, Chou MY. Fenpropathrin causes alterations in locomotion and social behaviors in zebrafish (Danio rerio). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 265:106756. [PMID: 37952273 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Fenpropathrin is one of the widely used pyrethroid pesticides in agriculture and is frequently detected in the environment, groundwater, and food. While fenpropathrin was found to have neurotoxic effects in mammals, it remains unclear whether it has similar effects on fish. Here, we used adult zebrafish to investigate the impacts of fenpropathrin on fish social behaviors and neural activity. Exposure of adult zebrafish to 500 ppb of fenpropathrin for 72 h increased anxiety levels but decreased physical fitness, as measured by a novel tank diving test and swimming tunnel test. Fish exposed to fenpropathrin appeared to spend more time in the conspecific zone of the tank, possibly seeking greater comfort from their companions. Although learning, memory, and aggressive behavior did not change, fish exposed to fenpropathrin appeared to have shorter fighting durations. The immunocytochemical results showed the tyrosine hydroxylase antibody-labeled dopaminergic neurons in the teleost posterior tuberculum decreased in the zebrafish brain. According to a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis of the brain, exposure to fenpropathrin resulted in a decrease in the messenger (m)RNA expression of monoamine oxidase (mao), an enzyme that facilitates the deamination of dopamine. In contrast, the mRNA expression of the sncga gene, which may trigger Parkinson's disease, was found to have increased. There were no changes observed in expressions of genes related to antioxidants and apoptosis between the control and fenpropathrin-exposed groups. We provide evidence to demonstrate the defect of the neurotoxicity of fenpropathrin toward dopaminergic neurons in adult zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sian-Tai Liu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Lin Horng
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yih Lin
- Department of Life Science, School of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yi Chou
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan.
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7
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Ferrante M, Rapisarda P, Grasso A, Favara C, Oliveri Conti G. Glyphosate and environmental toxicity with "One Health" approach, a review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 235:116678. [PMID: 37459948 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The herbicide Glyphosate (GLY), or N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine was synthesized in 1950 and applied to control weeds in agricultural production. For a long time, it was believed that it was an inert compound, but many studies have instead demonstrated over the years the dangers of GLY to the ecosystem and human health. Among the best-known effects, it is known that GLY interferes with the metabolic pathways of plants and the main groups of microorganisms, negatively influencing their growth. GLY interferes with the metabolic pathways of plants and major groups of microorganisms negatively affecting their growth. The extensive GLY application on fields results in a "slow death" of plants through the minor resistance to root pathogens and in increasing pollution of freshwaters and soils. Unfortunately, however, unlike the old beliefs, GLY can reach non-target destinations, in this regard, ecological studies and environmental epidemiology are of significant interest. In this review, we focus on the effects of acute and chronic exposure to GLY on the health of plants, animals, and humans from a One Health perspective. GLY has been linked to neurological and endocrine issues in both humans and animals, and behavioral modification on specific bioindicators, but the knowledge about the ratio cause-and-effect still needs to be better understood and elucidated. Environmental GLY residues analysis and policy acts will both require new criteria to protect environmental and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Ferrante
- Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratory (LIAA), Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technology "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy; International Society of Doctors for Environments - ISDE, Catania Section, Italy
| | - Paola Rapisarda
- Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratory (LIAA), Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technology "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy; International Society of Doctors for Environments - ISDE, Catania Section, Italy
| | - Alfina Grasso
- Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratory (LIAA), Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technology "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy; International Society of Doctors for Environments - ISDE, Catania Section, Italy
| | - Claudia Favara
- Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratory (LIAA), Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technology "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy; International Society of Doctors for Environments - ISDE, Catania Section, Italy; Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Gea Oliveri Conti
- Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratory (LIAA), Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technology "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy; International Society of Doctors for Environments - ISDE, Catania Section, Italy.
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8
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Michel M, Arvis Souaré M, Dindorf C, Danguy V, Chevreul K. Health check-ups for the French under-consuming agricultural population: A pilot evaluation of the Instants santé MSA program. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2023; 71:101420. [PMID: 36610246 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2022.101420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The social protection scheme in charge of farmers and agricultural employees (MSA) in France has developed a two-step health promotion program with a nurse appointment followed by a consultation with a doctor of the participant's choosing to reach its under-consuming beneficiaries and enroll them back into a care pathway. Our objective was to carry out a pilot evaluation of this program. METHODS The evaluation was carried out on the population invited during the second semester of 2017 using data from the program's service providers (date of invitation, of nurse appointment…), regional MSA bodies (consultation voucher), and reimbursement data (other care consumption). Participation rates were calculated overall and by participant characteristics. Medical needs were identified during the nurse appointment and new care pathways were assessed using reimbursement data. Multivariable regression models identified factors associated with participation. RESULTS 2366 beneficiaries were included in the analysis. 1559 (65.89%) were men and mean age was 52.41 (standard deviation = 14.86). 409 (17.29%) attended the nurse appointment. There was a significant increase in participation with age, in farmers vs. employees (odds ratio = 1.905, 95% confidence interval = 1.393-2.604), and in people living in the most disadvantaged areas (odds ratio = 1.579, 95% confidence interval=1.079-2.312). Participation to the consultation following the nurse appointment was high (62.35%-73.11%). 87.53% of participants had at least one medical need, and new care pathways were more frequent among those who had attended the nurse appointment (55.50% vs. 34.80%, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS This pilot evaluation shows promising results which need to be confirmed with a national evaluation of the program and longer-term evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Michel
- Université Paris Cité, ECEVE, 75010 Paris, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, DRCI, URC Eco Ile-de-France, 75004 Paris, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, Unité d'épidémiologie clinique, 75019 Paris, France; INSERM, ECEVE UMR 1123, 75010 Paris, France.
| | - Mariam Arvis Souaré
- Direction du contrôle médical et de l'offre de soins, Caisse centrale de la Mutualité Sociale Agricole, 93000 Bobigny, France
| | - Christel Dindorf
- Université Paris Cité, ECEVE, 75010 Paris, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, DRCI, URC Eco Ile-de-France, 75004 Paris, France; INSERM, ECEVE UMR 1123, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Véronique Danguy
- Département Études et évaluation en santé, Caisse centrale de la Mutualité Sociale Agricole, 93000 Bobigny, France
| | - Karine Chevreul
- Université Paris Cité, ECEVE, 75010 Paris, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, DRCI, URC Eco Ile-de-France, 75004 Paris, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, Unité d'épidémiologie clinique, 75019 Paris, France; INSERM, ECEVE UMR 1123, 75010 Paris, France
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Karakis I, Yarza S, Zlotnik Y, Ifergane G, Kloog I, Grant-Sasson K, Novack L. Contribution of Solar Radiation and Pollution to Parkinson's Disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2254. [PMID: 36767621 PMCID: PMC9916057 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Background. Parkinson's disease (PD) is believed to develop from epigenetic modulation of gene expression through environmental factors that accounts for up to 85% of all PD cases. The main objective of this study was to examine the association between PD onset and a cumulative exposure to potentially modifiable ambient exposures. Methods. The study population comprised 3343 incident PD cases and 31,324 non-PD controls in Southern Israel. The exposures were determined based on the monitoring stations and averaged per year. Their association with PD was modeled using a distributed lag non-linear model and presented as an effect of exposure to the 75th percentile as compared to the 50th percentile of each pollutant, accumulated over the span of 5 years prior to the PD. Results. We recorded an adverse effect of particulate matter of size ≤10 μm in diameter (PM10) and solar radiation (SR) with odds ratio (OR) = 1.06 (95%CI: 1.02; 1.10) and 1.23 (95%CI: 1.08; 1.39), respectively. Ozone (O3) was also adversely linked to PD, although with a borderline significance, OR: 1.12 (95%CI: 0.99; 1.25). Immigrants arriving in Israel after 1989 appeared to be more vulnerable to exposure to O3 and SR. The dose response effect of SR, non-existent for Israeli-born (OR = 0.67, 95%CI: 0.40; 1.13), moderate for immigrants before 1989 (OR = 1.17, 95%CI: 0.98; 1.40) and relatively high for new immigrants (OR = 1.25, 95%CI: 1.25; 2.38) indicates an adaptation ability to SR. Conclusions. Our findings supported previous reports on adverse association of PD with exposure to PM10 and O3. Additionally, we revealed a link of Parkinson's Disease with SR that warrants an extensive analysis by research groups worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Karakis
- Environmental Epidemiology Division, Israel Ministry of Health, Jerusalem 9446724, Israel
- Negev Environmental Health Research Institute, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva P.O. Box 651, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva P.O. Box 653, Israel
| | - Shaked Yarza
- Negev Environmental Health Research Institute, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva P.O. Box 651, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva P.O. Box 653, Israel
| | - Yair Zlotnik
- Neurology Department, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva P.O. Box 651, Israel
| | - Gal Ifergane
- Neurology Department, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva P.O. Box 651, Israel
| | - Itai Kloog
- Negev Environmental Health Research Institute, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva P.O. Box 651, Israel
- Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva P.O. Box 653, Israel
| | - Kineret Grant-Sasson
- Negev Environmental Health Research Institute, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva P.O. Box 651, Israel
- Soroka Clinical Research Center, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva P.O. Box 651, Israel
| | - Lena Novack
- Negev Environmental Health Research Institute, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva P.O. Box 651, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva P.O. Box 653, Israel
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Kulcsarova K, Bang C, Berg D, Schaeffer E. Pesticides and the Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis: Convergent Pathways in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2023; 13:1079-1106. [PMID: 37927277 PMCID: PMC10657696 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-230206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The increasing global burden of Parkinson's disease (PD), termed the PD pandemic, is exceeding expectations related purely to population aging and is likely driven in part by lifestyle changes and environmental factors. Pesticides are well recognized risk factors for PD, supported by both epidemiological and experimental evidence, with multiple detrimental effects beyond dopaminergic neuron damage alone. The microbiome-gut-brain axis has gained much attention in recent years and is considered to be a significant contributor and driver of PD pathogenesis. In this narrative review, we first focus on how both pesticides and the microbiome may influence PD initiation and progression independently, describing pesticide-related central and peripheral neurotoxicity and microbiome-related local and systemic effects due to dysbiosis and microbial metabolites. We then depict the bidirectional interplay between pesticides and the microbiome in the context of PD, synthesizing current knowledge about pesticide-induced dysbiosis, microbiome-mediated alterations in pesticide availability, metabolism and toxicity, and complex systemic pesticide-microbiome-host interactions related to inflammatory and metabolic pathways, insulin resistance and other mechanisms. An overview of the unknowns follows, and the role of pesticide-microbiome interactions in the proposed body-/brain-first phenotypes of PD, the complexity of environmental exposures and gene-environment interactions is discussed. The final part deals with possible further steps for translation, consisting of recommendations on future pesticide use and research as well as an outline of promising preventive/therapeutic approaches targeted on strengthening or restoring a healthy gut microbiome, closing with a summary of current gaps and future perspectives in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Kulcsarova
- Department of Neurology, P. J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic
- Department of Neurology, L. Pasteur University Hospital, Kosice, Slovak Republic
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Scientific Park MEDIPARK, P. J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| | - Corinna Bang
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Daniela Berg
- Department of Neurology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Eva Schaeffer
- Department of Neurology, Kiel University and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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11
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Madrigal JM, Gunier RB, Jones RR, Flory A, Metayer C, Nuckols JR, Ward MH. Contributions of nearby agricultural insecticide applications to indoor residential exposures. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 171:107657. [PMID: 36493610 PMCID: PMC10038187 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pesticide exposure has been associated with adverse health effects. We evaluated relationships between proximity to agricultural insecticide applications and insecticides in household dust, accounting for land use and wind direction. METHODS We measured concentrations (ng/g) of nine insecticides in carpet-dust samples collected from 598 California homes. Using a geographic information system (GIS), we integrated the California Pesticide Use Reporting (CPUR) database to estimate agricultural use within residential buffers with radii of 0.5 to 4 km. We calculated the density of use (kg/km2) during 30-, 60-, 180-, and 365-day periods prior to dust collection and evaluated relationships between three density metrics (CPUR unit-based, agricultural land area adjusted, and average daily wind direction adjusted) and dust concentrations. We modeled natural-log transformed concentrations using Tobit regression for carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, diazinon, and permethrin. Odds of detection were modeled with logistic regression for azinphos-methyl, cyfluthrin, malathion, and phosmet. We adjusted for season, year, occupation, and home/garden uses. RESULTS Chlorpyrifos use within 1-4 km was associated with 1 to 2-times higher dust concentrations in both the 60- and 365-day periods. Carbaryl applications within 2-4 km of homes 60-days prior to dust collection were associated with 3 to 7-times higher concentrations and the 4 km trend was strongest using the wind-adjusted metric (p-trend = 0.04). For diazinon, there were 2-times higher concentrations for the 60-day metrics in the 2 km buffer and for the CPUR and wind-adjusted metrics within 4 km. Cyfluthrin, phosmet, and azinphos-methyl applications within 4 km in the prior 365-days were associated with 2-, 6-, and 3-fold higher odds of detection, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Agricultural use of six of the nine insecticides within 4 km is an important determinant of indoor contamination. Our findings demonstrated that GIS-based metrics for quantifying potential exposure to fugitive emissions from agriculture should incorporate tailored distances and time periods and support wind-adjustment for some, but not all insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Madrigal
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Robert B Gunier
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Rena R Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - Catherine Metayer
- University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - John R Nuckols
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; JRN Environmental Health Sciences, Ltd, North Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mary H Ward
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD, USA
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12
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Liu C, Liu Z, Fang Y, Du Z, Yan Z, Yuan X, Dai L, Yu T, Xiong M, Tian Y, Li H, Li F, Zhang J, Meng L, Wang Z, Jiang H, Zhang Z. Exposure to the environmentally toxic pesticide maneb induces Parkinson's disease-like neurotoxicity in mice: A combined proteomic and metabolomic analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136344. [PMID: 36087732 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Maneb is a typical dithiocarbamate fungicide that has been extensively used worldwide. Epidemiological evidence shows that exposure to maneb is an environmental risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the mechanisms underlying maneb-induced neurotoxicity have yet to be elucidated. In this study, we exposed SH-SY5Y cells to maneb at environmentally relevant concentrations (0, 0.1, 5, 10 mg/L) and found that maneb dose-dependently decreased the cell viability. Furthermore, maneb (60 mg/kg) induced PD-like motor impairment in α-synuclein A53T transgenic mice. The results of tandem mass tag (TMT) proteomics and metabolomics studies of mouse brain and serum revealed significant changes in proteins and metabolites in the pathways involved in the neurotransmitter system. The omics results were verified by targeted metabolomics and Western blot analysis, which demonstrated that maneb induced disturbance of the PD-related pathways, including the phenylalanine and tryptophan metabolism pathways, dopaminergic synapse, synaptic vesicle cycle, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. In addition, the PD-like phenotype induced by maneb was attenuated by the asparagine endopeptidase (AEP) inhibitor compound #11 (CP11) (10 mg/kg), indicating that AEP may play a role in maneb-induced neurotoxicity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying maneb-induced PD-like phenotypes using multiomics analysis, which identified novel therapeutic targets for PD associated with pesticides and other environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Liu
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, 430073, China; Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, 430073, China; Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zehua Liu
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, 430073, China; Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, 430073, China
| | - Yanyan Fang
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, 430073, China; Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, 430073, China
| | - Zhen Du
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China
| | - Zhi Yan
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Lijun Dai
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ting Yu
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Min Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Honghu Li
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, 430073, China; Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, 430073, China
| | - Fei Li
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, 430073, China; Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, 430073, China
| | - Jingdong Zhang
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, 430073, China; Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, 430073, China
| | - Lanxia Meng
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Haiqiang Jiang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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Madani NA, Carpenter DO. Effects of glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides like Roundup™ on the mammalian nervous system: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113933. [PMID: 35868581 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is the active ingredient in glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs), such as Roundup™, the most widely used herbicides in the world. Glyphosate targets an essential enzyme in plants that is not found in animals. However, both glyphosate and GBHs are rated as Group 2A, probable human carcinogens, and also have documented effects on reproduction, acting as endocrine disruptive chemicals. We have reviewed reports of the effects of glyphosate and GBHs on mammalian nervous system function. As with several other herbicides, GBHs exposure has been associated with an increased risk of Parkinson's Disease and death of neurons in the substantia nigra. There is also some evidence implicating Roundup™ in elevated risk of autism. Other studies have shown the effects of GBHs on synaptic transmission in animal and cellular studies. The major mechanism of action appears to be oxidative stress, accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, some gut bacteria utilize the enzyme used by plants, and glyphosate and GBHs use has been shown to alter the gut microbiome. There is a large and growing body of evidence that the gut microbiome alters susceptibility to great number of human diseases, including nervous system function. The weight of the evidence indicates that in addition to cancer and reproductive effects, glyphosate and GBHs have significant adverse effects on the brain and behavior and increase the risk of at least some serious neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najm Alsadat Madani
- Department of Environmental Health Science, School of Public Health, 1 University Place, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA; Institute for Health and the Environment, 5 University Place, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - David O Carpenter
- Department of Environmental Health Science, School of Public Health, 1 University Place, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA; Institute for Health and the Environment, 5 University Place, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA.
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14
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Rossides M, Kampitsi CE, Talbäck M, Mogensen H, Wiebert P, Tettamanti G, Feychting M. Occupational exposure to pesticides in mothers and fathers and risk of cancer in the offspring: A register-based case-control study from Sweden (1960-2015). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113820. [PMID: 35809638 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Maternal and paternal occupational exposure to pesticides was linked to leukemia in the offspring in some previous studies. Risks for other cancers, particularly from maternal exposure, are largely unknown. We examined the association between maternal and paternal exposure to pesticides and childhood cancer in a Swedish register-based case-control study (1960-2015). Cancer cases <20 years old were identified from the Cancer Register (n = 17313) and matched to controls (1:25) on birth year and sex. Employment history of each biological parent around the child's birth was retrieved from six censuses and a nationwide register, and exposure to any of herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides was evaluated using the Swedish job-exposure matrix (SWEJEM) in 9653/172194 mothers and 12521/274434 fathers of cases/controls. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated from conditional logistic regression models for any cancer, leukemia, lymphoma, central nervous system [CNS], and other solid tumors. We found an OR of 1.42 (95% CI 0.78, 2.57; 12 exposed cases) for lymphoma and 1.30 (95% CI 0.88, 1.93; 27 exposed cases) for other solid tumors associated with maternal occupational exposure to pesticides. No associations were observed between maternal exposure and leukemia or CNS tumors, or paternal exposure and any of the cancers examined, except for a potential association between pesticides exposure and myeloid leukemia (OR 1.15 [95% CI 0.73, 1.79; 22 exposed cases]). Although these findings merit further investigation, they indicate that parental exposure to pesticides may lead to higher risks of childhood cancer even in settings of low exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios Rossides
- Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Theme Inflammation and Ageing, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | - Mats Talbäck
- Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hanna Mogensen
- Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Wiebert
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giorgio Tettamanti
- Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Feychting
- Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Crocoli LC, Menck RA, Moura S. Pesticides analysis in alternative biological matrices. Drug Chem Toxicol 2022:1-16. [PMID: 35734890 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2090574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to bring together the works on pesticide analysis in alternative biological matrices, such as hair, breast milk, meconium, and placenta. Much is known about the harmful effects of the use and indirect consumption of pesticides; however, the assessment of long-term contamination is still unclear. In this sense, the use of hair as an alternative biological matrix has some advantages, such as segmentation, which makes it possible to assess the presence of xenobiotics to which individuals have been exposed over the years, and possibly relate this exposure to symptoms or diseases that may affect them. Complementarily, the other matrices discussed are able to provide information about the exposure of mothers and newborn children, who may have been indistinctly exposed to pesticides while in the womb. Through the analysis of studies already performed, it can be observed that organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are the most likely to be found within the biological matrices discussed here, due to the lipophilic characteristics of these compounds. For the other classes, biotransformation products are more easily detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana C Crocoli
- Technology Department, LBIOP - Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetics Products, Biotechnology Institute, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rafael A Menck
- Toxicology, INNOVATOX - Innovatox Analysis and Research LTDA, Sorocaba, Brazil
| | - Sidnei Moura
- Technology Department, LBIOP - Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetics Products, Biotechnology Institute, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
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16
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Darweesh SKL, Vermeulen R, Bloem BR, Peters S. Exposure to Pesticides Predicts Prodromal Feature of Parkinson's Disease: Public Health Implications. Mov Disord 2022; 37:883-885. [PMID: 35587624 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sirwan K L Darweesh
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan R Bloem
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Susan Peters
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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17
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Nanni W, Porto GDS, Pereira JNB, Gonçalves ARN, Marinsek GP, Stabille SR, Favetta PM, Germano RDM, Mari RDB. Evaluation of myenteric neurons in the colon of rats exposed to 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicide. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2022; 57:421-429. [PMID: 35440284 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2022.2064674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The assessment of the enteric nervous system provides a better understanding of the effects that contaminants can have on the health and well-being of organisms. It has been reported that 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is a highly persistent herbicide in the environment that is responsible for neurotoxic changes in different myenteric neuronal subpopulations. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of 2,4-D on myenteric neurons in the colon of Rattus norvegicus for the first time. A dose of 2,4-D (5 mg/kg/day) was administered to the experimental group (2,4-D) for 15 days. Then, the proximal colon was collected and submitted to Giemsa and NADPH-d histochemical techniques for the disclosure of total and nitrergic neurons. The 2,4-D group presented a higher density of total neurons (p = 0.05, t-test), which together with the maintenance of nitrergic neuronal density, may be related to the increase in the expression of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine by colocalization, responsible for stimulating the intestinal smooth muscle and increasing the chances of the expulsion of the harmful content present in the lumen. Over 15 days, the neurotoxic effects of 2,4-D in the myenteric plexus influenced an increase in the general population of myenteric neurons in the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagner Nanni
- Post-graduate Programme in Animal Science, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Gisele da Silva Porto
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Sandra Regina Stabille
- Post-graduate Programme in Animal Science, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo de Melo Germano
- Post-graduate Programme in Animal Science, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Renata de Britto Mari
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Application of neurotoxin- and pesticide-induced animal models of Parkinson's disease in the evaluation of new drug delivery systems. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2022; 72:35-58. [PMID: 36651528 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2022-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neuro-degenerative disease after Alzheimer´s disease. It is characterized by motor symptoms such as akinesia, bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity, and postural abnormalities, due to the loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons and a decrease in the dopa-mine contents of the caudate-putamen structures. To this date, there is no cure for the disease and available treatments are aimed at controlling the symptoms. Therefore, there is an unmet need for new treatments for PD. In the past decades, animal models of PD have been proven to be valuable tools in elucidating the nature of the pathogenic processes involved in the disease, and in designing new pharmacological approaches. Here, we review the use of neurotoxin-induced and pesticide-induced animal models of PD, specifically those induced by rotenone, paraquat, maneb, MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) and 6-OHDA (6-hydroxydopamine), and their application in the development of new drug delivery systems for PD.
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19
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Bivol S, Mellick GD, Gratten J, Parker R, Mulcahy A, Mosley PE, Poortvliet PC, Campos AI, Mitchell BL, Garcia-Marin LM, Cross S, Ferguson M, Lind PA, Loesch DZ, Visscher PM, Medland SE, Scherzer CR, Martin NG, Rentería ME. Australian Parkinson's Genetics Study (APGS): pilot (n=1532). BMJ Open 2022; 12:e052032. [PMID: 35217535 PMCID: PMC8883215 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with progressive disability. While the precise aetiology is unknown, there is evidence of significant genetic and environmental influences on individual risk. The Australian Parkinson's Genetics Study seeks to study genetic and patient-reported data from a large cohort of individuals with PD in Australia to understand the sociodemographic, genetic and environmental basis of PD susceptibility, symptoms and progression. PARTICIPANTS In the pilot phase reported here, 1819 participants were recruited through assisted mailouts facilitated by Services Australia based on having three or more prescriptions for anti-PD medications in their Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme records. The average age at the time of the questionnaire was 64±6 years. We collected patient-reported information and sociodemographic variables via an online (93% of the cohort) or paper-based (7%) questionnaire. One thousand five hundred and thirty-two participants (84.2%) met all inclusion criteria, and 1499 provided a DNA sample via traditional post. FINDINGS TO DATE 65% of participants were men, and 92% identified as being of European descent. A previous traumatic brain injury was reported by 16% of participants and was correlated with a younger age of symptom onset. At the time of the questionnaire, constipation (36% of participants), depression (34%), anxiety (17%), melanoma (16%) and diabetes (10%) were the most reported comorbid conditions. FUTURE PLANS We plan to recruit sex-matched and age-matched unaffected controls, genotype all participants and collect non-motor symptoms and cognitive function data. Future work will explore the role of genetic and environmental factors in the aetiology of PD susceptibility, onset, symptoms, and progression, including as part of international PD research consortia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Bivol
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - George D Mellick
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery (GRIDD), Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jacob Gratten
- Mater Research, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Richard Parker
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Aoibhe Mulcahy
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Philip E Mosley
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Peter C Poortvliet
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery (GRIDD), Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Adrian I Campos
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Brittany L Mitchell
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Luis M Garcia-Marin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Simone Cross
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mary Ferguson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Penelope A Lind
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Danuta Z Loesch
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter M Visscher
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sarah E Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Clemens R Scherzer
- Center for Advanced Parkinson Research, Harvard Medical School and Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Precision Neurology Program, Harvard Medical School and Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Miguel E Rentería
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Center for Advanced Parkinson Research, Harvard Medical School and Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Mueller W, Atuhaire A, Mubeezi R, van den Brenk I, Kromhout H, Basinas I, Jones K, Povey A, van Tongeren M, Harding AH, Galea KS, Fuhrimann S. Evaluation of two-year recall of self-reported pesticide exposure among Ugandan smallholder farmers. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2022; 240:113911. [PMID: 35030437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate smallholder farmers' recall of pesticide use and exposure determinants over a two-year period in a low-income country context. METHODS The Pesticide Use in Tropical Settings (PESTROP) study in Uganda consists of 302 smallholder farmers who were interviewed in 2017. In the same season in 2019, these farmers were re-questioned concerning pesticide use (e.g., use of active ingredients) and exposure information (e.g., crops, personal protective equipment [PPE], hygienic behaviours) they had previously provided. The extent of recall bias was assessed by comparing responses at follow-up in 2019 with practices and behaviours reported from the baseline interview in 2017. RESULTS An 84% (n = 255) follow-up response rate was attained. We found instances of better recall (e.g., overall agreement >70% and Area Under the Curve (AUC) values > 0.7) for the use of some active ingredients, commonly used PPE items, and washing clothes after application, whereas only 13.3% could correctly recall their three major crops. We observed a trend where more individuals reported the use of active ingredients, while fewer reported the use of PPE items, two years later. In general, we found better agreement in the recall of years working with pesticides compared to hours per day or days per week in the field, with no apparent systematic over or under reporting by demographic characteristics. CONCLUSIONS While some of these findings provide consistency with those from high-income countries, more research is needed on recall in poorly educated agriculture communities in low- and middle-income settings to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Mueller
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
| | - Aggrey Atuhaire
- Uganda National Association of Community and Occupational Health (UNACOH), Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ruth Mubeezi
- Makerere University, School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Iris van den Brenk
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ioannis Basinas
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Jones
- Health and Safety Executive, Buxton, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Povey
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Martie van Tongeren
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Karen S Galea
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Fuhrimann
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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21
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O’Day C, Finkelstein DI, Diwakarla S, McQuade RM. A Critical Analysis of Intestinal Enteric Neuron Loss and Constipation in Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2022; 12:1841-1861. [PMID: 35848035 PMCID: PMC9535602 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-223262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Constipation afflicts many patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and significantly impacts on patient quality of life. PD-related constipation is caused by intestinal dysfunction, but the etiology of this dysfunction in patients is unknown. One possible cause is neuron loss within the enteric nervous system (ENS) of the intestine. This review aims to 1) Critically evaluate the evidence for and against intestinal enteric neuron loss in PD patients, 2) Justify why PD-related constipation must be objectively measured, 3) Explore the potential link between loss of enteric neurons in the intestine and constipation in PD, 4) Provide potential explanations for disparities in the literature, and 5) Outline data and study design considerations to improve future research. Before the connection between intestinal enteric neuron loss and PD-related constipation can be confidently described, future research must use sufficiently large samples representative of the patient population (majority diagnosed with idiopathic PD for at least 5 years), implement a consistent neuronal quantification method and study design, including standardized patient recruitment criteria, objectively quantify intestinal dysfunctions, publish with a high degree of data transparency and account for potential PD heterogeneity. Further investigation into other potential influencers of PD-related constipation is also required, including changes in the function, connectivity, mitochondria and/or α-synuclein proteins of enteric neurons and their extrinsic innervation. The connection between enteric neuron loss and other PD-related gastrointestinal (GI) issues, including gastroparesis and dysphagia, as well as changes in nutrient absorption and the microbiome, should be explored in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea O’Day
- Gut-Axis Injury & Repair Laboratory, Department of Medicine - Western Centre for Health Research and Education (WCHRE), The University of Melbourne, Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, VIC, Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Western Centre for Health Research and Education (WCHRE) Level 3 and 4, Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - David Isaac Finkelstein
- Parkinson’s Disease Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Shanti Diwakarla
- Gut-Axis Injury & Repair Laboratory, Department of Medicine - Western Centre for Health Research and Education (WCHRE), The University of Melbourne, Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, VIC, Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Western Centre for Health Research and Education (WCHRE) Level 3 and 4, Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - Rachel Mai McQuade
- Gut-Axis Injury & Repair Laboratory, Department of Medicine - Western Centre for Health Research and Education (WCHRE), The University of Melbourne, Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, VIC, Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Western Centre for Health Research and Education (WCHRE) Level 3 and 4, Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, VIC, Australia
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22
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Parkinson's disease in a worker exposed to insecticides at a greenhouse. Ann Occup Environ Med 2021; 33:e6. [PMID: 34754467 PMCID: PMC7952772 DOI: 10.35371/aoem.2021.33.e6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is a rare, neurodegenerative disease with various occupational and environmental risk factors. Exposure to specific pesticides contributes significantly to the incidence of PD. However, it is difficult to measure the level of pesticide exposure in workers. This study presents the first case recognized the work-relatedness between PD and pesticide exposure. Case presentation A 68-year-old male was diagnosed with PD after working with pesticides at a tomato greenhouse for 12 years and 5 months. From the results of a field study, it was reasonable to assume that the patient had been exposed to a significant level of various insecticides. In the present report, we described the first accepted case of work-relatedness between PD and exposure to pesticides. The evaluation was conducted using the following steps: we ruled out other possible risk factors including additional occupational history and personal risk factors, we assessed the work environment, surveyed possible exposures, found proper epidemiological evidence, and calculated the probability of causation. The work-relatedness was determined through the review of epidemiological evidence and estimation of exposure situation and level, and biological plausibility. We also decided work-relatedness based on the exposure of PD related pesticides with identified biologically plausible and the presumption that the exposure level would be high due to the working process. Conclusions In this case, the field study and epidemiological results supported the work-relatedness of PD and exposure to pesticides. Moreover, the results of previous studies have confirmed a causal relationship between exposure to pesticides and PD.
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23
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Mohamad Najib NH, Yahaya MF, Das S, Teoh SL. The effects of metallothionein in paraquat-induced Parkinson disease model of zebrafish. Int J Neurosci 2021:1-12. [PMID: 34623211 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2021.1990916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease caused by selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Metallothionein has been shown to act as a neuroprotectant in various brain injury. Thus, this study aims to identify the effects of full-length human metallothionein 2 peptide (hMT2) in paraquat-induced brain injury in the zebrafish. METHODOLOGY A total of 80 adult zebrafish were divided into 4 groups namely control, paraquat-treated, pre-hMT2-treated, and post-hMT2-treated groups. Fish were treated with paraquat intraperitoneally every 3 days for 15 days. hMT2 were injected intracranially on day 0 (pre-treated group) and day 16 (post-treated group). Fish were sacrificed on day 22 and the brains were collected for qPCR, ELISA and immunohistochemistry analysis. RESULTS qPCR analysis showed that paraquat treatment down-regulated the expression of genes related to dopamine activity and biosynthesis (dat and th1) and neuroprotective agent (bdnf). Paraquat treatment also up-regulated the expression of the mt2, smtb and proinflammatory genes (il-1α, il-1β, tnf-α and cox-2). hMT2 treatment was able to reverse the effects of paraquat. Lipid peroxidation decreased in the paraquat and pre-hMT2-treated groups. However, lipid peroxidation increased in the post-hMT2-treated group. Paraquat treatment also led to a reduction of dopaminergic neurons while their numbers showed an increase following hMT2 treatment. CONCLUSION Paraquat has been identified as one of the pesticides that can cause the death of dopaminergic neurons and affect dopamine biosynthesis. Treatment with exogenous hMT2 could reverse the effects of paraquat in the zebrafish brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Haliza Mohamad Najib
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Fairuz Yahaya
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Srijit Das
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Seong Lin Teoh
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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24
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Does paraquat cause Parkinson's disease? A review of reviews. Neurotoxicology 2021; 86:180-184. [PMID: 34400206 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
To examine the extent to which a consensus exists in the scientific community regarding the relationship between exposure to paraquat and Parkinson's disease, a critical review of reviews was undertaken focusing on reviews published between 2006 and the present that offered opinions on the issue of causation. Systematic searches were undertaken of scientific databases along with searches of published bibliographies to identify English language reviews on the topic of paraquat and Parkinson's disease including those on the broader topic of environmental and occupational risk factors for Parkinson's disease. Of the 269 publications identified in the searches, there were twelve reviews, some with meta-analyses, that met the inclusion criteria. Information on methods used by the reviewers, if any, and source of funding was collected; the quality of the reviews was considered. No author of any published review stated that it has been established that exposure to paraquat causes Parkinson's disease, regardless of methods used and independent of funding source. A consensus exists in the scientific community that the available evidence does not warrant a claim that paraquat causes Parkinson's disease. Future research on this topic should focus on improving the quality of epidemiological studies including better exposure measures and identifying specific mechanisms of action. Future reviews of emerging evidence should be structured as systematic narrative reviews with meta-analysis if appropriate.
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25
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Gaouar ZL, Chefirat B, Saadi R, Djelad S, Rezk-Kallah H. Pesticide residues in tomato crops in Western Algeria. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2021; 14:281-286. [PMID: 34266368 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2021.1953156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate levels of pesticide residues commonly used on tomato crops in Western Algeria. It showed a significant use of pesticides, especially insecticides (47%) and fungicides (41%) among listed pesticides in crop fields. A total of 30 tomato samples were analysed using multi-residue analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) after QuEChERS extraction. Five pesticides (difenoconazole, triadimenol, metalaxyl, chlorpyriphos and methomyl) were detected in 14 samples (47%). Among these five samples containing residues of two different types of pesticides. The levels ranged from 2.29 to 64.3 µg/kg. The methomyl residue in one sample was above the maximum limit (MRLs) set by the European Union. Our results indicate an excessive use of pesticides and undeniable non-compliance with good agricultural practices. Routine monitoring for pesticides is recommended to preserve consumer's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Lotfi Gaouar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria.,Environmental Health Research Laboratory, University Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria
| | - Bilel Chefirat
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria.,Environmental Health Research Laboratory, University Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria.,Department of Pharmacology Toxicology, University Hospital of Oran, Oran, Algeria
| | - Rachida Saadi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria.,Environmental Health Research Laboratory, University Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria.,Department of Pharmacology Toxicology, University Hospital of Oran, Oran, Algeria
| | - Sanae Djelad
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria.,Environmental Health Research Laboratory, University Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria.,Department of Pharmacology Toxicology, University Hospital of Oran, Oran, Algeria
| | - Haciba Rezk-Kallah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria.,Environmental Health Research Laboratory, University Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria.,Department of Pharmacology Toxicology, University Hospital of Oran, Oran, Algeria
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26
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Arce-López B, Alvarez-Erviti L, De Santis B, Izco M, López-Calvo S, Marzo-Sola ME, Debegnach F, Lizarraga E, López de Cerain A, González-Peñas E, Vettorazzi A. Biomonitoring of Mycotoxins in Plasma of Patients with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:477. [PMID: 34357949 PMCID: PMC8310068 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13070477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to environmental contaminants might play an important role in neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis, such as Parkinson´s disease (PD) and Alzheimer´s disease (AD). For the first time in Spain, the plasmatic levels of 19 mycotoxins from patients diagnosed with a neurodegenerative disease (44 PD and 24 AD) and from their healthy companions (25) from La Rioja region were analyzed. The studied mycotoxins were aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2 and M1, T-2 and HT-2, ochratoxins A (OTA) and B (OTB), zearalenone, sterigmatocystin (STER), nivalenol, deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, deepoxy-deoxynivalenol, neosolaniol, diacetoxyscirpenol and fusarenon-X. Samples were analyzed by LC-MS/MS before and after treatment with β-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase in order to detect potential metabolites. Only OTA, OTB and STER were detected in the samples. OTA was present before (77% of the samples) and after (89%) the enzymatic treatment, while OTB was only detectable before (13%). Statistically significant differences in OTA between healthy companions and patients were observed but the observed differences might seem more related to gender (OTA levels higher in men, p-value = 0.0014) than the disease itself. STER appeared only after enzymatic treatment (88%). Statistical analysis on STER, showed distributions always different between healthy controls and patients (patients' group > controls, p-value < 0.0001). Surprisingly, STER levels weakly correlated positively with age in women (rho = 0.3384), while OTA correlation showed a decrease of levels with age especially in the men with PD (rho = -0.4643).
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Arce-López
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, Research Group MITOX, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (B.A.-L.); (E.L.); (E.G.-P.)
| | - Lydia Alvarez-Erviti
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 3rd Floor, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (L.A.-E.); (M.I.)
| | - Barbara De Santis
- National Reference Laboratory for Mycotoxins and Plant Toxins, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Roma, Italy; (B.D.S.); (F.D.)
| | - María Izco
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 3rd Floor, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (L.A.-E.); (M.I.)
| | - Silvia López-Calvo
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital San Pedro, Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (S.L.-C.); (M.E.M.-S.)
| | - Maria Eugenia Marzo-Sola
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital San Pedro, Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (S.L.-C.); (M.E.M.-S.)
| | - Francesca Debegnach
- National Reference Laboratory for Mycotoxins and Plant Toxins, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Roma, Italy; (B.D.S.); (F.D.)
| | - Elena Lizarraga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, Research Group MITOX, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (B.A.-L.); (E.L.); (E.G.-P.)
| | - Adela López de Cerain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Research Group MITOX, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elena González-Peñas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, Research Group MITOX, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (B.A.-L.); (E.L.); (E.G.-P.)
| | - Ariane Vettorazzi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Research Group MITOX, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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27
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Izco M, Vettorazzi A, Forcen R, Blesa J, de Toro M, Alvarez-Herrera N, Cooper JM, Gonzalez-Peñas E, Lopez de Cerain A, Alvarez-Erviti L. Oral subchronic exposure to the mycotoxin ochratoxin A induces key pathological features of Parkinson's disease in mice six months after the end of the treatment. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 152:112164. [PMID: 33819549 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Some epidemiological studies with different levels of evidence have pointed to a higher risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) after exposure to environmental toxicants. A practically unexplored potential etiological factor is a group of naturally-occurring fungal secondary metabolites called mycotoxins. The mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) has been reported to be neurotoxic in mice. To further identify if OTA exposure could have a role in PD pathology, Balb/c mice were orally treated with OTA (0.21, 0.5 mg/kg bw) four weeks and left for six months under normal diet. Effects of OTA on the onset, progression of alpha-synuclein pathology and development of motor deficits were evaluated. Immunohistochemical and biochemical analyses showed that oral subchronic OTA treatment induced loss of striatal dopaminergic innervation and dopaminergic cell dysfunction responsible for motor impairments. Phosphorylated alpha-synuclein levels were increased in gut and brain. LAMP-2A protein was decreased in tissues showing alpha-synuclein pathology. Cell cultures exposed to OTA exhibited decreased LAMP-2A protein, impairment of chaperone-mediated autophagy and decreased alpha-synuclein turnover which was linked to miRNAs deregulation, all reminiscent of PD. These results support the hypothesis that oral exposure to low OTA doses in mice can lead to biochemical and pathological changes reported in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Izco
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 3rd Floor, 26006, Logroño, Spain.
| | - Ariane Vettorazzi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, MITOX Research Group, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, 31008, Spain.
| | - Raquel Forcen
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 3rd Floor, 26006, Logroño, Spain.
| | - Javier Blesa
- HM CINAC, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Av. Carlos V, 70, 28938, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria de Toro
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Core Facility, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain.
| | - Natalia Alvarez-Herrera
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 3rd Floor, 26006, Logroño, Spain.
| | - J Mark Cooper
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, UCL, Gower Street, London, UK.
| | - Elena Gonzalez-Peñas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain.
| | - Adela Lopez de Cerain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, MITOX Research Group, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, 31008, Spain.
| | - Lydia Alvarez-Erviti
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 3rd Floor, 26006, Logroño, Spain.
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28
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Perrin L, Spinosi J, Chaperon L, Kab S, Moisan F, Ebaz A. Pesticides expenditures by farming type and incidence of Parkinson disease in farmers: A French nationwide study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 197:111161. [PMID: 33887276 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Professional pesticides exposure is associated with PD risk, but it remains unclear whether specific products, which strongly depend on farming type, are specifically involved. We performed a nationwide ecological study to examine the association of pesticides expenditures for the main farming types with PD incidence in French farmers. METHODS We used the French National Health Insurance database to identify incident PD cases in farmers (2010-2015). We combined data on pesticides expenditures with the agricultural census to compute pesticides expenditures for nine farming types in 2000 in 3571 French cantons. The association between pesticides expenditures and PD age/sex standardized incidence was examined using multilevel Poisson regression, adjusted for smoking, neurologists' density, and deprivation index. RESULTS 10,282 incident PD cases were identified. Cantons with the highest pesticides expenditures for vineyards without designation of origin were characterized by 16% (95% CI = 6-28%) higher PD incidence (p-trend corrected for multiple testing = 0.006). This association was significant in men and older farmers. There was no association with pesticides expenditures for other farming types, including vineyards with designation of origin. CONCLUSIONS PD incidence increased significantly with pesticides expenditures in vineyards without designation of origin characterized by high fungicide use. This result suggests that agricultural practices and pesticides used in these vineyards may play a role in PD and that farmers in these farms should benefit from preventive measures aiming at reducing exposure. Our study highlights the importance of considering farming type in studies on pesticides and PD and the usefulness of pesticides expenditures for exposure assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laëtitia Perrin
- Paris-Saclay University, Paris-Sud University, UVSQ, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM-U1018, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - Johan Spinosi
- Santé Publique France, The French Public Health Agency, Direction Santé Environnement Travail, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Laura Chaperon
- Santé Publique France, The French Public Health Agency, Direction Santé Environnement Travail, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Sofiane Kab
- Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit, Inserm, UMS011, Villejuif, France
| | - Frédéric Moisan
- Santé Publique France, The French Public Health Agency, Direction Santé Environnement Travail, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Alexis Ebaz
- Paris-Saclay University, Paris-Sud University, UVSQ, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM-U1018, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Santé Publique France, The French Public Health Agency, Direction Santé Environnement Travail, Saint-Maurice, France.
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29
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Schneider JS. A critical role for GM1 ganglioside in the pathophysiology and potential treatment of Parkinson's disease. Glycoconj J 2021; 39:13-26. [PMID: 34037912 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-021-10002-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is slowly progressing neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of patients worldwide. While effective symptomatic therapies for PD exist, there is no currently available disease modifying agent to slow or stop the progression of the disease. Many years of research from various laboratories around the world have provided evidence in favor of the potential ability of GM1 ganglioside to be a disease modifying agent for PD. In this paper, information supporting the use of GM1 as a disease modifying therapeutic for PD is reviewed along with information concerning the role that deficiencies in GM1 ganglioside (and potentially other important brain gangliosides) may play in the pathogenesis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Schneider
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, JAH 521, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
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30
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Paraquat induces redox imbalance and disrupts glutamate and energy metabolism in the hippocampus of prepubertal rats. Neurotoxicology 2021; 85:121-132. [PMID: 34048864 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium dichloride; PQ) is a widely used herbicide in Brazilian crops, despite its banishment in many other countries. The present study investigated the effects of repeated dose of PQ on glutamate system, energy metabolism and redox parameters in the hippocampus of prepubertal rats. Twenty-two-day-old rats received daily intraperitoneal injections of PQ (10 mg/Kg) during 5 consecutive days and the effects of the pesticide were assessed 24 h after the last injection. The PQ exposure provoked cytotoxicity associated to decreased cell viability and increased glutamate excitotoxicity, as demonstrated by decreased 14C-glutamate uptake and increased 45Ca2+ uptake. Downregulated glutamine synthetase (GS) activity, further supports disrupted glutamate metabolism compromising the glutamate-glutamine cycle. Downregulated 14C-2-Deoxy-D-glucose indicates energy failure and upregulated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) suggests the relevance of lactate as energy fuel. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) upregulation suggest Krebs cycle replenishment and piruvate production. In addition, PQ disturbed the redox status inducing lipid peroxidation, evaluated by increased TBARS and imbalanced antioxidant system. Downregulated glutathione reductase (GR), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glucose-6-P-dehydrogenase (G6PD) activities together with upregulated superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities corroborate the oxidative imbalance. The mechanisms underlying PQ-induced neurotoxicity involves the modulation of GSK-3β, NF-κB and NMDA receptors. These neurochemical and oxidative events observed may contribute to neuroinflammation and neurotoxic effects of PQ on hippocampal cells.
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Figueiredo DM, Krop EJM, Duyzer J, Gerritsen-Ebben RM, Gooijer YM, Holterman HJ, Huss A, Jacobs CMJ, Kivits CM, Kruijne R, Mol HJGJ, Oerlemans A, Sauer PJJ, Scheepers PTJ, van de Zande JC, van den Berg E, Wenneker M, Vermeulen RCH. Pesticide Exposure of Residents Living Close to Agricultural Fields in the Netherlands: Protocol for an Observational Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e27883. [PMID: 33908892 PMCID: PMC8116989 DOI: 10.2196/27883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Application of pesticides in the vicinity of homes has caused concern regarding possible health effects in residents living nearby. However, the high spatiotemporal variation of pesticide levels and lack of knowledge regarding the contribution of exposure routes greatly complicates exposure assessment approaches. Objective The objective of this paper was to describe the study protocol of a large exposure survey in the Netherlands assessing pesticide exposure of residents living close (<250 m) to agricultural fields; to better understand possible routes of exposure; to develop an integrative exposure model for residential exposure; and to describe lessons learned. Methods We performed an observational study involving residents living in the vicinity of agricultural fields and residents living more than 500 m away from any agricultural fields (control subjects). Residential exposures were measured both during a pesticide use period after a specific application and during the nonuse period for 7 and 2 days, respectively. We collected environmental samples (outdoor and indoor air, dust, and garden and field soils) and personal samples (urine and hand wipes). We also collected data on spraying applications as well as on home characteristics, participants' demographics, and food habits via questionnaires and diaries. Environmental samples were analyzed for 46 prioritized pesticides. Urine samples were analyzed for biomarkers of a subset of 5 pesticides. Alongside the field study, and by taking spray events and environmental data into account, we developed a modeling framework to estimate environmental exposure of residents to pesticides. Results Our study was conducted between 2016 and 2019. We assessed 96 homes and 192 participants, including 7 growers and 28 control subjects. We followed 14 pesticide applications, applying 20 active ingredients. We collected 4416 samples: 1018 air, 445 dust (224 vacuumed floor, 221 doormat), 265 soil (238 garden, 27 fields), 2485 urine, 112 hand wipes, and 91 tank mixtures. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study on residents’ exposure to pesticides addressing all major nondietary exposure sources and routes (air, soil, dust). Our protocol provides insights on used sampling techniques, the wealth of data collected, developed methods, modeling framework, and lessons learned. Resources and data are open for future collaborations on this important topic. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR1-10.2196/27883
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Figueiredo
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Esmeralda J M Krop
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jan Duyzer
- TNO Urban Environment and Safety, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Henk J Holterman
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Anke Huss
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Cor M J Jacobs
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Roel Kruijne
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Hans J G J Mol
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Arné Oerlemans
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Pieter J J Sauer
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Paul T J Scheepers
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jan C van de Zande
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Erik van den Berg
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Marcel Wenneker
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Roel C H Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Varma N, Singh A, Ravi VK, Thakur M, Kumar S. Deltamethrin modulates the native structure of Hen Egg White Lysozyme and induces its aggregation at physiological pH. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 201:111646. [PMID: 33652208 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Deltamethrin, a type II pyrethroid pesticide was initially considered as safe for human use. Recent studies have reported several pathophysiological effects of deltamethrin on human and non-human species. However, its effect on structure and function of protein leading to progressive neurodegeneration is poorly understood. In present study, we investigated the interaction of deltamethrin with Hen Egg White Lysozyme (HEWL) at physiological pH and tried to understand the effect of pesticide on structure and function of protein. Employing different biophysical techniques, we shown that deltamethrin induces in vitro aggregation of HEWL in concentration dependent manner. Interaction of pesticide with different amino acids, followed by exposure of hydrophobic regions was driving force of aggregation process. Apart from modulating the hydrophobic domain, deltamethrin is observed to reduce α-helical and promote β-sheet content of lysozyme, eventually converting the globular protein into ThT sensitive amyloid fibrils and amorphous aggregates. Our study also indicate that deltamethrin induced aggregation reduces the catalytic activity of lysozyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelakant Varma
- Laboratory of Forensic Biology and Biotechnology, School of Forensic Science, National Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382 007, India(1)
| | - Abhishek Singh
- Laboratory of Forensic Biology and Biotechnology, School of Forensic Science, National Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382 007, India(1); Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700 053, India
| | - Vijay K Ravi
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Aryabhatta Knowledge University, Mithapur, Patna, Bihar, 800 001, India
| | - Mukesh Thakur
- Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700 053, India
| | - Satish Kumar
- Laboratory of Forensic Biology and Biotechnology, School of Forensic Science, National Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382 007, India(1).
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Wu Y, Jiao Z, Wan Z, Qu S. Role of autophagy and oxidative stress to astrocytes in fenpropathrin-induced Parkinson-like damage. Neurochem Int 2021; 145:105000. [PMID: 33617931 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fenpropathrin is an insecticide that is widely used in agriculture. It remains unknown whether fenpropathrin exposure increases the risk of Parkinson's disease. We found that fenpropathrin increased oxidative stress both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, fenpropathrin increased production of ROS, NOS2, and HO-1, and decreased SOD and GSH in astrocytes. We further found that fenpropathrin-mediated oxidative stress might inhibit autophagic flow, including decreased expression of LC3A/B and enhanced expression of SQSTM1 via down-regulation of CDK-5, an upstream marker of autophagy. In mice, autophagy was slightly different from that found in astrocytes, as reflected in the increased expressions of LC3A/B and SQSTM1. Our findings elucidate the toxicological phenomena and pathogenic mechanisms of fenpropathrin and may provide guidance for improved pesticide control and environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Wu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Zhigang Jiao
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Zhiting Wan
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Shaogang Qu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China; Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.
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Shrestha S, Parks CG, Umbach DM, Richards-Barber M, Hofmann JN, Chen H, Blair A, Beane Freeman LE, Sandler DP. Pesticide use and incident Parkinson's disease in a cohort of farmers and their spouses. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110186. [PMID: 32919961 PMCID: PMC7822498 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive literature suggests an association between general pesticide use and Parkinson's disease (PD). However, with few exceptions, little is known about associations between specific pesticides and PD. OBJECTIVE We evaluated use of pesticides and incident PD in 38,274 pesticide applicators and 27,836 of their spouses in the Agricultural Health Study cohort followed over 20 years. METHODS We used self-reported information on ever-use of 50 specific pesticides as of enrollment for both applicators and spouses, and considered intensity-weighted lifetime days (IWLD) reported at enrollment and through the first 5-year follow-up among applicators. We estimated covariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using Cox regression. We also examined heterogeneity in associations by history of head injury and chemical resistant glove use. RESULTS A total of 373 applicators and 118 spouses self-reported incident doctor-diagnosed PD. Ever-use of the insecticide terbufos (HR:1.31, 95%CI:1.02-1.68) and the herbicides trifluralin (HR:1.29, 95%CI: 0.99-1.70) and 2,4,5-T (HR:1.57, 95%CI:1.21-2.04) was associated with elevated PD risk. On the other hand, diazinon (HR:0.73, 95%CI: 0.58-0.94) and 2,4,5-TP (HR:0.39, 95%CI:0.25-0.62) were associated with reduced risk. We observed heterogeneity in ever-use associations by head injury and chemical-resistant glove use for some pesticides, with higher risk among those who reported a history of head injury, or who did not use gloves. PD risk was also elevated for applicators in the highest category of IWLD for dichlorvos, permethrin (animal use), and benomyl. CONCLUSIONS We found evidence of increased PD risk for some pesticides. Our results also suggest higher susceptibility for pesticide-associated PD among individuals with head injury as well as protection with use of chemical resistant gloves, although further research is needed to understand the impact of head injury. Research on current and newer pesticides, including mechanisms relevant to PD, is important given widespread pesticide use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Shrestha
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Christine G Parks
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - David M Umbach
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Jonathan N Hofmann
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Honglei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Aaron Blair
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laura E Beane Freeman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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Parkinson Disease and Occupational and Environmental Exposure to Pesticides in a Region of Intense Agribusiness Activity in Brazil: A Case-Control Study. J Occup Environ Med 2020; 62:e732-e737. [PMID: 33031131 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationship between occupational and environmental exposure to pesticides and Parkinson disease in a region of intense agribusiness activity in the state of Mato Grosso/Brazil. METHODS Case-control study carried out in a referral hospital for chronic neurodegenerative diseases. Non-conditional logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS Having performed direct management of pesticides in the workplace (odds ratio [OR]: 3.43; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.55 to 7.28), having a family history of Parkinson (OR: 3.42; 95% CI: 1.61 to 7.28) and being men (OR: 3.01; 95% CI: 1.66 to 5.45) were all factors that contributed to a greater chance for the development of the disease. CONCLUSION Our study reinforces the associations between occupational and environmental exposure to pesticides and the occurrence of Parkinson disease in regions of intense agribusiness activity in Brazil.
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Fernandes LC, Santos AG, Sampaio TB, Sborgi S, Prediger R, Ferro MM, Franco G, Lipinski L, Miyoshi E. Exposure to paraquat associated with periodontal disease causes motor damage and neurochemical changes in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 40:81-89. [PMID: 32748713 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120938851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to paraquat is possibly involved with the development of several conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD). This condition is mainly characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway and the development of classical motor symptoms. Etiology includes exposure to environmental factors, such as the paraquat exposure, and inflammatory diseases may exacerbate paraquat neurotoxicity. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the exposure to paraquat associated with the presence of periodontal disease is able to induce motor and biochemical changes in rats similar to that observed in PD. Adult male Wistar rats were sent to ligature. After 48 h, they were sent to daily treatment paraquat (1 mg/kg/day; 2 mL/kg; intragastric) or vehicle for 4 weeks. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, the open field test was performed. The rats were euthanized and the left hemimandibles and striatum were dissected for the analysis of dopaminergic and inflammatory markers. Only the combination of periodontal disease model plus paraquat exposure induced motor impairments. Remarkably, the paraquat exposure increased the ligature-induced alveolar bone loss in hemimandibles. Moreover, only the combination of periodontal disease and paraquat exposure induced the loss of dopaminergic neurons and astrocyte activation in the striatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Fernandes
- 549253Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - A G Santos
- 549253Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - T B Sampaio
- Department of Pharmacology, 28117Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Sms Sborgi
- 549253Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Rds Prediger
- Department of Pharmacology, 28117Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - M M Ferro
- Department of Biology, 67883State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Gcn Franco
- Department of Odontology, 67883State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - L Lipinski
- Department of Medicine, 67883State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - E Miyoshi
- 549253Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
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Rebouillat P, Vidal R, Cravedi JP, Taupier-Letage B, Debrauwer L, Gamet-Payrastre L, Touvier M, Hercberg S, Lairon D, Baudry J, Kesse-Guyot E. Estimated dietary pesticide exposure from plant-based foods using NMF-derived profiles in a large sample of French adults. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:1475-1488. [PMID: 32734347 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02344-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study, conducted in participants of the NutriNet-Santé cohort, aims to identify dietary pesticide exposure profiles (derived from Non-negative Matrix Factorization) from conventional and organic foods among a large sample of general population French adults. METHODS Organic and conventional dietary intakes were assessed using a self-administered semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Exposure to 25 commonly used pesticides was evaluated using food contamination data from Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt Stuttgart accounting for farming system (organic or conventional). Dietary pesticide exposure profiles were identified using Non-Negative Matrix factorization (NMF), especially adapted for non-negative data with excess zeros. The NMF scores were introduced in a hierarchical clustering process. RESULTS Overall, the identified clusters (N = 34,193) seemed to be exposed to the same compounds with gradual intensity. Cluster 1 displayed the lowest energy intake and estimated dietary pesticide exposure, high organic food (OF) consumption (23.3%) and a higher proportion of male participants than other groups. Clusters 2 and 5 presented intermediate energy intake, lower OF consumption and intermediate estimated pesticide exposure. Cluster 3 showed high conventional fruits and vegetable (FV) intake, high estimated pesticide exposure, and fewer smokers. Cluster 4 estimated pesticide exposure varied more across compounds than for other clusters, with highest estimated exposures for acetamiprid, azadirachtin, cypermethrin, pyrethrins, spinosad. OF proportion in the diet was the highest (31.5%). CONCLUSION Estimated dietary pesticide exposures appeared to vary across the clusters and to be related to OF proportion in the diet. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trial Registry: NCT03335644.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Rebouillat
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM, INRAE, CNAM, University of Paris (CRESS), 93017, Bobigny, France.
| | - Rodolphe Vidal
- Institut de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation Biologiques (ITAB), 75595, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Cravedi
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Bruno Taupier-Letage
- Institut de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation Biologiques (ITAB), 75595, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Debrauwer
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Gamet-Payrastre
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM, INRAE, CNAM, University of Paris (CRESS), 93017, Bobigny, France
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM, INRAE, CNAM, University of Paris (CRESS), 93017, Bobigny, France.,Département de Santé Publique, Hôpital Avicenne, 93017, Bobigny, France
| | - Denis Lairon
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Julia Baudry
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM, INRAE, CNAM, University of Paris (CRESS), 93017, Bobigny, France
| | - Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM, INRAE, CNAM, University of Paris (CRESS), 93017, Bobigny, France
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Schneider Medeiros M, P. Reddy S, P. Socal M, Schumacher-Schuh AF, Mello Rieder CR. Occupational pesticide exposure and the risk of death in patients with Parkinson's disease: an observational study in southern Brazil. Environ Health 2020; 19:68. [PMID: 32552814 PMCID: PMC7298782 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-020-00624-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple studies have suggested that various pesticides are associated with a higher risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD) and may influence the progression of the disease. However, the evidence regarding the impact of pesticide exposure on mortality among patients with PD is equivocal. This study examines whether pesticide exposure influences the risk of mortality among patients with PD in Southern Brazil. METHODS A total of 150 patients with idiopathic PD were enrolled from 2008 to 2013 and followed until 2019. In addition to undergoing a detailed neurologic evaluation, patients completed surveys regarding socioeconomic status and environmental exposures. RESULTS Twenty patients (13.3%) reported a history of occupational pesticide exposure with a median duration of exposure of 10 years (mean = 13.1, SD = 11.2). Patients with a history of occupational pesticide exposure had higher UPDRS-III scores, though there were no significant differences in regards to age, sex, disease duration, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and age at symptom onset. Patients with occupational pesticide exposure were more than twice as likely to die than their unexposed PD counterparts (HR = 2.32, 95% CI [1.15, 4.66], p = 0.018). Occupational pesticide exposure was also a significant predictor of death in a cox-proportional hazards model which included smoking and caffeine intake history (HR = 2.23, 95% CI [1.09, 4.59], p = 0.03)) and another which included several measures of socioeconomic status (HR = 3.91, 95% CI [1.32, 11.58], p = 0.01). CONCLUSION In this prospective cohort study, we found an increased all-cause mortality risk in PD patients with occupational exposure to pesticides. More studies are needed to further analyze this topic with longer follow-up periods, more detailed exposure information, and more specific causes of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio Schneider Medeiros
- Serviço de Neurologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, R. Ramiro Barcelos, 2350 - Santa Cecilia, Porto Alegre, RS 90040-060 Brazil
| | - Sumanth P. Reddy
- Department of Global Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX USA
| | - Mariana P. Socal
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Artur Francisco Schumacher-Schuh
- Serviço de Neurologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, R. Ramiro Barcelos, 2350 - Santa Cecilia, Porto Alegre, RS 90040-060 Brazil
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Mello Rieder
- Departamento de Neurologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
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Fluorescent and visual detection of methyl-paraoxon by using boron-and nitrogen-doped carbon dots. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Dardiotis E, Aloizou AM, Sakalakis E, Siokas V, Koureas M, Xiromerisiou G, Petinaki E, Wilks M, Tsatsakis A, Hadjichristodoulou C, Stefanis L, Hadjigeorgiou GM. Organochlorine pesticide levels in Greek patients with Parkinson's disease. Toxicol Rep 2020; 7:596-601. [PMID: 32426240 PMCID: PMC7225589 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease, mostly presenting with characteristic motor symptoms. Organochlorines (OC) are a class of widely-used pesticides that have been included among the list of environmental factors incriminated in PD pathogenesis. However, most studies reporting this association are based on questionnaires, and few have reported exposure data. Aim To examine the relationship between OC blood concentrations and PD risk. Methods In the present study, we studied the concentrations of 8 OC compounds (hexachlorobenzene, heptachlor, hepachlor epoxide, c-chlordane, a-chlordane, p,p’-DDE, DDD, DDT) in 104 Greek PD patients and 110 healthy controls. Results All substances studied were present in at least one sample. The most frequently detected (above the level of quantification) pesticides were p,p’-DDE (n = 214, 100 % of both groups) and hexachlorobenzene, HCB (n = 189, cases 46.5 %, controls 53.5 %). Higher levels of DDE were detected among PD patients in comparison to controls by using logistic regression analysis to control for confounders [Odds Ratio, OR (95 % confidence interval, C.I.)]: 2.592,(1.29–5.21)], whilst lower levels of HCB were detect among PD patients [OR,95 %CI:0.176(0.09−0.35)]. Conclusions Our data suggest that exposure to specific OCs is related to the risk of PD. Further studies, using real exposure data, are needed in order to confirm and extend these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Athina-Maria Aloizou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Evagelos Sakalakis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Vasileios Siokas
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Michalis Koureas
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 22 Papakyriazi Street, 41222, Larissa, Greece
| | - Georgia Xiromerisiou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthymia Petinaki
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Martin Wilks
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology, University of Basel, CH‑4055, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Christos Hadjichristodoulou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 22 Papakyriazi Street, 41222, Larissa, Greece
| | - Leonidas Stefanis
- 1stDepartment of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Eginition Hospital, 72-74 Vas.Sophias Ave, 11528, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios M Hadjigeorgiou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece.,Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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41
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Bandres-Ciga S, Diez-Fairen M, Kim JJ, Singleton AB. Genetics of Parkinson's disease: An introspection of its journey towards precision medicine. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 137:104782. [PMID: 31991247 PMCID: PMC7064061 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A substantial proportion of risk for Parkinson's disease (PD) is driven by genetics. Progress in understanding the genetic basis of PD has been significant. So far, highly-penetrant rare genetic alterations in SNCA, LRRK2, VPS35, PRKN, PINK1, DJ-1 and GBA have been linked with typical familial PD and common genetic variability at 90 loci have been linked to risk for PD. In this review, we outline the journey thus far of PD genetics, highlighting how significant advances have improved our knowledge of the genetic basis of PD risk, onset and progression. Despite remarkable progress, our field has yet to unravel how genetic risk variants disrupt biological pathways and molecular networks underlying the pathobiology of the disease. We highlight that currently identified genetic risk factors only represent a fraction of the likely genetic risk for PD. Identifying the remaining genetic risk will require us to diversify our efforts, performing genetic studies across different ancestral groups. This work will inform us on the varied genetic basis of disease across populations and also aid in fine mapping discovered loci. If we are able to take this course, we foresee that genetic discoveries in PD will directly influence our ability to predict disease and aid in defining etiological subtypes, critical steps for the implementation of precision medicine for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bandres-Ciga
- Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada 18016, Spain.
| | - Monica Diez-Fairen
- Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Fundació Docència i Recerca Mútua Terrassa and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Mútua Terrassa, Terrassa 08221, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jonggeol Jeff Kim
- Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Andrew B Singleton
- Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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42
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Sánchez OF, Lin L, Bryan CJ, Xie J, Freeman JL, Yuan C. Profiling epigenetic changes in human cell line induced by atrazine exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 258:113712. [PMID: 31875570 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
How environmental chemicals can affect and exert their toxic effect at a molecular level has gained significant interest in recent years, not only for understanding their immediate health implications over exposed individuals, but also for their subsequent progeny. Atrazine (ATZ) is a commonly used herbicide in the U.S. and a long-suspected endocrine disrupting chemical. The molecular mechanism conferring long-term adverse health outcomes, however, remain elusive. Here, we explored changes in epigenetic marks that arise after exposure to ATZ at selected doses using image-based analysis coupled with data clustering. Significant decreases in methylated CpG (meCpG) and histone 3 lysine 9 tri-methylated (H3K9me3) were observed in the selected human cell line with a clear spatial preference. Treating cells with ATZ leads to the loss of a subpopulation of cells with high meCpG levels as identified in our clustering and histogram analysis. A similar trend was observed in H3K9me3 potentially attributing to the cross-talking between meCpG and H3K9me3. Changes in meCpG are likely to be associated with alterations in epigenetic enzyme expression levels regulating meCpG and persist after the removal of ATZ source which collectively provide a plausible mechanism for long-term ATZ-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar F Sánchez
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA; Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, 110231, Colombia
| | - Li Lin
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Chris J Bryan
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Junkai Xie
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Jennifer L Freeman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Chongli Yuan
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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43
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Jones K, Basinas I, Kromhout H, van Tongeren M, Harding AH, Cherrie JW, Povey A, Sidek Ahmad ZN, Fuhrimann S, Ohlander J, Vermeulen R, Galea KS. Improving Exposure Assessment Methodologies for Epidemiological Studies on Pesticides: Study Protocol. JMIR Res Protoc 2020; 9:e16448. [PMID: 32130188 PMCID: PMC7070347 DOI: 10.2196/16448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to certain pesticides has been associated with several chronic diseases. However, to determine the role of pesticides in the causation of such diseases, an assessment of historical exposures is required. Exposure measurement data are rarely available; therefore, assessment of historical exposures is frequently based on surrogate self-reported information, which has inherent limitations. Understanding the performance of the applied surrogate measures in the exposure assessment of pesticides is therefore important to allow proper evaluation of the risks. Objective The Improving Exposure Assessment Methodologies for Epidemiological Studies on Pesticides (IMPRESS) project aims to assess the reliability and external validity of the surrogate measures used to assign exposure within individuals or groups of individuals, which are frequently based on self-reported data on exposure determinants. IMPRESS will also evaluate the size of recall bias on the misclassification of exposure to pesticides; this in turn will affect epidemiological estimates of the effect of pesticides on human health. Methods The IMPRESS project will recruit existing cohort participants from previous and ongoing research studies primarily of epidemiological origin from Malaysia, Uganda, and the United Kingdom. Consenting participants of each cohort will be reinterviewed using an amended version of the original questionnaire addressing pesticide use characteristics administered to that cohort. The format and relevant questions will be retained but some extraneous questions from the original (eg, relating to health) will be excluded for ethical and practical reasons. The reliability of pesticide exposure recall over different time periods (<2 years, 6-12 years, and >15 years) will then be evaluated. Where the original cohort study is still ongoing, participants will also be asked if they wish to take part in a new exposure biomonitoring survey, which involves them providing urine samples for pesticide metabolite analysis and completing questionnaire information regarding their work activities at the time of sampling. The participant’s level of exposure to pesticides will be determined by analyzing the collected urine samples for selected pesticide metabolites. The biomonitoring measurement results will be used to assess the performance of algorithm-based exposure assessment methods used in epidemiological studies to estimate individual exposures during application and re-entry work. Results The project was funded in September 2017. Enrollment and sample collection was completed for Malaysia in 2019 and is on-going for Uganda and the United Kingdom. Sample and data analysis will proceed in 2020 and the first results are expected to be submitted for publication in 2021. Conclusions The study will evaluate the consistency of questionnaire data and accuracy of current algorithms in assessing pesticide exposures. It will indicate where amendments can be made to better capture exposure data for future epidemiology studies and thus improve the reliability of exposure-disease associations. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/16448
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Jones
- Health and Safety Executive, Buxton, United Kingdom
| | - Ioannis Basinas
- Centre for Human Exposure Science, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Martie van Tongeren
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - John W Cherrie
- Centre for Human Exposure Science, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Povey
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Zulkhairul Naim Sidek Ahmad
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Fuhrimann
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Johan Ohlander
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Karen S Galea
- Centre for Human Exposure Science, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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44
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Khalil H, Chahine LM, Siddiqui J, Salari M, El-Jaafary S, Aldaajani Z, Abu Al-Melh M, Mohammad TM, Abu Snineh M, Syed NA, Bhatt M, Habib MA, Habahbeh M, Tabbal SD, Jeon B, Bajwa JA. Parkinson's Disease in the Middle East, North Africa, and South Asia: Consensus from the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society Task Force for the Middle East. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2020; 10:729-741. [PMID: 32176653 PMCID: PMC8203232 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-191751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the regional needs and available healthcare resources to treat Parkinson's disease (PD) is essential to plan appropriate future priorities. The International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (MDS) Task Force for the Middle East was established to raise awareness and promote education across the region on PD and other movement disorders. Broadly, the task force encompasses the countries of the Middle East but has included North Africa and South Asia as well (MENASA). OBJECTIVE To create a list of needs and priorities in the advancement of PD in MENASA countries based on consensuses generated by the MDS task force for the Middle East. METHODS A Strengths Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT) analysis was conducted by the task force members to generate consensus about PD care this region. RESULTS Eight overarching principles emerged for the consensus statement on current needs: more movement disorders specialists, multidisciplinary care, accurate epidemiologic data, educational programs, availability of drugs, and availability of more advanced therapy, enhanced health care resources and infrastructure, and greater levels of awareness within the general population and among health care professionals. CONCLUSION This pilot study sheds light on unmet needs for providing care to people with PD in the MENASA region. These data offer directions on priorities to increase awareness of PD, to develop better infrastructure for research and management of PD, to foster healthcare policy discussions for PD and to provide educational opportunities within these countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Khalil
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Lana M. Chahine
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Junaid Siddiqui
- Department of Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Mehri Salari
- Department of Neurology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zakiyah Aldaajani
- Neurology Unit, King Fahad Medical Military Complex, Dahran, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | - Mohit Bhatt
- Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital & Medical Research Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Mohammad Ahsan Habib
- Department of Neurology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Majed Habahbeh
- Department of Medicine, Neurology Section, King Hussein Medical Centre, Amman, Jordan
| | - Samer D. Tabbal
- Department of Neurology, Parkinson & Movement Disorders Program, American University of Beirut Medical Centre, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Beomseok Jeon
- Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jawad A. Bajwa
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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45
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Vaccari C, El Dib R, Gomaa H, Lopes LC, de Camargo JL. Paraquat and Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2019; 22:172-202. [PMID: 31476981 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2019.1659197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This investigation aimed to conduct a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis to determine whether exposure to the herbicide paraquat was associated with the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). Observational studies that enrolled adults exposed to paraquat with PD as the outcome of interest were searched in the PubMed, Embase, LILACS, TOXNET, and Web of Science databases up to May 2019. Two authors independently selected relevant studies, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality. The evidence certainty was assessed by the GRADE approach, which served as basis for a tentative causality assessment, supplemented by the Bradford Hill criteria when necessary. Results from nine case-control studies indicated that PD occurrence was 25% higher in participants exposed to paraquat. The only cohort investigation included demonstrated a non-significant OR of 1.08. Results from subgroup analyses also indicated higher PD frequency in participants that were exposed to paraquat for longer periods or individuals co-exposed with paraquat and any other dithiocarbamate. Data indicate apositive association between exposure to paraquat and PD occurrence, but the weight-of-evidence does not enable one to assume an indisputable cause-effect relationship between these two conditions. Better designed studies are needed to increase confidence in results. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO CRD42017069994.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Vaccari
- Department of Pathology, São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Botucatu , Brazil
| | - Regina El Dib
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP) , São Paulo , Brazil
- McMaster Institute of Urology, St. Joseph's Healthcare, McMaster University , Hamilton , Canada
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University , Halifax , Canada
| | - Huda Gomaa
- Department of Bio-statistics, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University , Alexandria , Egypt
- Drug Information Center, Tanta Chest Hospital, Ministry of Health , Tanta , Egypt
| | - Luciane C Lopes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sorocaba (UNISO) , Sorocaba , Brazil
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46
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Gorecki AM, Preskey L, Bakeberg MC, Kenna JE, Gildenhuys C, MacDougall G, Dunlop SA, Mastaglia FL, Akkari PA, Koengten F, Anderton RS. Altered Gut Microbiome in Parkinson's Disease and the Influence of Lipopolysaccharide in a Human α-Synuclein Over-Expressing Mouse Model. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:839. [PMID: 31440136 PMCID: PMC6693556 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between the gut microbiota and alpha-synuclein (αSyn) aggregation in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is receiving increasing attention. The objective of this study was to investigate gut microbiota, and effects of an inflammatory lipopolysaccharide (LPS) trigger in a human αSyn over-expressing mouse model of PD (Thy1-αSyn). Stool samples from patients with confirmed PD and Thy1-αSyn mice were analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Compared to healthy controls, the relative abundance of mucin-degrading Verrucomicrobiae and LPS-producing Gammaproteobacteria were greater in PD patients. In mice, the abundance of Gammaproteobacteria was negligible in both Thy1-αSyn and wild-type (WT) animals, while Verrucomicrobiae were reduced in Thy1-αSyn mice. The effect of LPS on intestinal barrier function was investigated in vitro using intestinal epithelial (IEC-6) cells, and in vivo via administration of LPS in drinking water to Thy1-αSyn mice. Acute exposure to LPS in vitro resulted in a reduction and altered distribution of the tight junction markers ZO-1 and e-Cadherin around the cell membrane in IEC-6 cells, as shown by immunohistochemistry. LPS administration in Thy1-αSyn mice resulted in the emergence of early motor manifestations at 10 weeks, compared to untreated mice who were still asymptomatic at this age. This study reaffirms that an altered microbiome exists in patients with PD, and supports the notion of a proinflammatory gut microbiome environment as a trigger for PD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastazja M Gorecki
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular & Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Leah Preskey
- Ozgene Pty Ltd., Bentley, WA, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | - Megan C Bakeberg
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular & Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Jade E Kenna
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular & Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Christi Gildenhuys
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Institute for Health Research and School of Health Sciences, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | - Gabriella MacDougall
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Institute for Health Research and School of Health Sciences, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | - Sarah A Dunlop
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Frank L Mastaglia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular & Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - P Anthony Akkari
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular & Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,The Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Frank Koengten
- Ozgene Pty Ltd., Bentley, WA, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | - Ryan S Anderton
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular & Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Institute for Health Research and School of Health Sciences, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
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47
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Toro R, Downward GS, van der Mark M, Brouwer M, Huss A, Peters S, Hoek G, Nijssen P, Mulleners WM, Sas A, van Laar T, Kromhout H, Vermeulen R. Parkinson's disease and long-term exposure to outdoor air pollution: A matched case-control study in the Netherlands. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 129:28-34. [PMID: 31103844 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is some evidence to suggest an association between ambient air pollution and development of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the small number of studies published to date has reported inconsistent findings. OBJECTIVES To assess the association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution constituents and the development of PD. METHODS Air pollution exposures (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <10 μm [PM10], <2.5 μm [PM2.5], between 2.5 μm and 10 μm [PMcoarse], black carbon, and nitrogen oxides [NO2 and NOx]) were predicted based on land-use regression models developed within the "European Study for Air Pollution Effects" (ESCAPE) study, for a Dutch PD case-control study. A total of 1290 subjects (436 cases and 854 controls). were included and 16 years of exposure were estimated (average participant starting age: 53). Exposures were categorized and conditional logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the association between ambient air pollution and PD. RESULTS Overall, no significant, positive relationship between ambient air pollutants and PD was observed. The odds ratio (OR) for PD associated with an increase from the first quartile of NO2 (<22.8 μg/m3) and the fourth (>30.4 μg/m3) was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.54, 1.41). For PM2.5 where the contrast in exposure was more limited, the OR associated with an increase from the first quartile PM2.5 (<21.2 μg/m3) to the fourth (>22.3 μg/m3) was 0.50 (95% CI: 0.24, 1.01). In a subset of the population with long-term residential stability (n = 632), an increased risk of PD was observed (e.g. OR for Q4 vs Q1 NO2:1.37, 95% CI: 0.71, 2.67). CONCLUSIONS We found no clear association between 16 years of residential exposure to ambient air pollution and the development of PD in The Netherlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Toro
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - George S Downward
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Marianne van der Mark
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maartje Brouwer
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Anke Huss
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Susan Peters
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Nijssen
- Department of Neurology, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - Wim M Mulleners
- Department of Neurology, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Antonetta Sas
- Department of Neurology, Vlietland Hospital, Schiedam, the Netherlands
| | - Teus van Laar
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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48
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Goldman SM, Tanner CM. Rotenone and Parkinson's Disease: Reduced Sensitivity in Females. Toxicol Sci 2019; 170:562-563. [PMID: 31161209 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel M Goldman
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94121
| | - Caroline M Tanner
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94121
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49
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Liu L, Liu X. Contributions of Drug Transporters to Blood-Brain Barriers. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1141:407-466. [PMID: 31571171 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-7647-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Blood-brain interfaces comprise the cerebral microvessel endothelium forming the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the epithelium of the choroid plexuses forming the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB). Their main functions are to impede free diffusion between brain fluids and blood; to provide transport processes for essential nutrients, ions, and metabolic waste products; and to regulate the homeostasis of central nervous system (CNS), all of which are attributed to absent fenestrations, high expression of tight junction proteins at cell-cell contacts, and expression of multiple transporters, receptors, and enzymes. Existence of BBB is an important reason that systemic drug administration is not suitable for the treatment of CNS diseases. Some diseases, such epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and diabetes, alter BBB function via affecting tight junction proteins or altering expression and function of these transporters. This chapter will illustrate function of BBB, expression of transporters, as well as their alterations under disease status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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Estimated Residential Exposure to Agricultural Chemicals and Premature Mortality by Parkinson's Disease in Washington State. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15122885. [PMID: 30558363 PMCID: PMC6313412 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between estimated residential exposure to agricultural chemical application and premature mortality from Parkinson’s disease (PD) in Washington State. Washington State mortality records for 2011–2015 were geocoded using residential addresses, and classified as having exposure to agricultural land-use within 1000 meters. Generalized linear models were used to explore the association between land-use associated with agricultural chemical application and premature mortality from PD. Individuals exposed to land-use associated with glyphosate had 33% higher odds of premature mortality than those that were not exposed (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.33, 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) = 1.06–1.67). Exposure to cropland associated with all pesticide application (OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 0.98–1.44) or Paraquat application (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 0.99–1.51) was not significantly associated with premature mortality from PD, but the effect size was in the hypothesized direction. No significant associations were observed between exposure to Atrazine (OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 0.84–1.74) or Diazinon (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.85–1.34), and premature mortality from PD. The relationship between pesticide exposure and premature mortality aligns with previous biological, toxicological, and epidemiological findings. Glyphosate, the world’s most heavily applied herbicide, and an active ingredient in Roundup® and Paraquat, a toxic herbicide, has shown to be associated with the odds of premature mortality from PD.
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