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Han Z, Zhao X, Xu Z, Wang J, Jin R, Liu Y, Wu Z, Zhang J, Li X, Guo X, Tao L. Associations of time-weighted individual exposure to ambient particulate matter with carotid atherosclerosis in Beijing, China. Environ Health 2023; 22:45. [PMID: 37248518 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-00995-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Time-location information (time spent on commuting, indoors and outdoors around residential and work places and physical activity) and infiltrated outdoor pollution was less considered estimating individual exposure to ambient air pollution. Studies investigating the association between individual exposure to particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter < 10 μm (PM10) and < 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and carotid atherosclerosis presented inconsistent results. Moreover, combined effect of pollutants on carotid atherosclerosis was not fully explored. We aimed to investigate the association between long-term individual time-weighted average exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 and the risk of carotid atherosclerosis, and further explore the overall effect of co-exposure to pollutants on carotid atherosclerosis. METHODS The study population included 3069 participants derived from the Beijing Health Management Cohort (BHMC) study. Daily concentration of ambient air pollutants was estimated by land-use regression model at both residential and work addresses, and one- and two-year time-weighted average individual exposure was calculated by further considering personal activity pattern and infiltration of ambient air pollution indoors. We explored the association of PM2.5 and PM10 with carotid atherosclerosis and pooled the overall effect of co-exposure to ambient air pollutants by quantile g-computation. RESULTS A significant association between time-weighted average exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 and carotid atherosclerosis was observed. Per interquartile range increase in two-year exposure to PM2.5 (Hazard ratio (HR): 1.322, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.219-1.434) and PM10 (HR:1.213, 95% CI: 1.116-1.319) showed the strongest association with carotid atherosclerosis, respectively. Individuals in higher quartiles of pollutants were at higher risk for carotid atherosclerosis compared with those in the lowest quartile group. Concentration response functions documented the nearly linear and nonlinear relationship and interpreted the upward trends of the risk for carotid atherosclerosis with increasing level of pollutant concentrations. Moreover, effect estimates for the mixture of pollutants and carotid atherosclerosis were larger than any of the individual pollutants (HR (95% CI) was 1.510 (1.338-1.704) and 1.613 (1.428-1.822) per quartile increase for one-year and two-year time-weighted average exposure, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Individual time-weighted average exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 was associated with carotid atherosclerosis. Co-exposure to ambient air pollution was also positively associated with carotid atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Han
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You'anmenWai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You'anmenWai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zongkai Xu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You'anmenWai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jinqi Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You'anmenWai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Rui Jin
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You'anmenWai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yueruijing Liu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You'anmenWai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zhiyuan Wu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You'anmenWai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
- Department of Public Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You'anmenWai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, 3086, Australia
| | - Xiuhua Guo
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You'anmenWai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Lixin Tao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You'anmenWai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Li Y, Zheng C, An X, Hou Q. Acute effects of black carbon on mortality in nine megacities of China, 2008-2016: a time-stratified case-crossover study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:57873-57884. [PMID: 35357648 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19899-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Black carbon (BC) may have more adverse effects on human health than other constituents of PM2.5. The daily mean concentrations of BC in China are much higher than those in developed countries and are estimated to account for more than a quarter of global anthropogenic BC emissions. However, reports on the health effects of BC in China have been limited. Thus, a time-stratified case-crossover study was conducted to evaluate the impacts of BC on daily mortality risk in nine Chinese megacities from 2008-2016. Our results show that for all-cause mortality, when compared to the interquartile range (IQR) of BC concentration increased, odds ratios (ORs) were in the range of 1.01-1.06 (95% CIs: 0.99-1.10). For cardiovascular mortality, ORs were in the range of 1.02-1.07 (95% CIs: 1.003-1.12), and for respiratory mortality, ORs were in the range of 1.01-1.15 (95% CIs: 1.00-1.18). The effects of BC in the nine cities were robust after adjusting for PM2.5, or even became more prominent. Furthermore, BC had stronger effects in spring and winter in northern cities, whereas in mid-latitude cities, BC had stronger effects in the warm seasons. In southern cities, BC had stronger effects in the cool and dry seasons. Our findings support an association between residential exposure to BC and mortality and thus provide further evidence that BC negatively impacts human health and is helpful for decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Canjun Zheng
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xingqin An
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Hou Q, An X, Sun Z, Zhang C, Liang K. Assessment of black carbon exposure level and health economic loss in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:52123-52132. [PMID: 35258732 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17776-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Based on the geographic information system (GIS) software and the application of the black carbon (BC) and fine particulate matter ([Formula: see text]) ratio method, this paper analyzed and calculated the national BC distribution from 2015 to 2017 and evaluated the national human exposure to BC. The results showed that from 2015 to 2017, 2/3 of the national land area and nearly half of the population were exposed to 1-3 [Formula: see text], and the area and population exposed to a concentration less than 2 [Formula: see text] increased yearly, while the area and population exposed to a concentration higher than 9 [Formula: see text] decreased yearly. The estimated economic loss showed that 77.3% of the targeted districts or counties claimed a loss per square kilometer of 50 million Chinese Yuan (CNY) or less from the perspective of annual changes, and districts and counties in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Hunan with annual losses between 50 and 500 million CNY showed an increasing trend. The BC ratio (the proportion of BC economic loss to GDP) of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Hunan also showed an increasing trend yearly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xingqin An
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Zhaobin Sun
- Institute of Urban Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- SuperMap Software Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100015, China
| | - Ke Liang
- China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, 100081, China
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Chen SY, Wu CF, Wu C, Chan CC, Hwang JS, Su TC. Urban Fine Particulate Matter and Elements Associated with Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Adolescents and Young Adults. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:7266-7274. [PMID: 35138845 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The relationships between the elemental constituents of PM2.5 and atherosclerosis remain limited, especially in young populations. This study included 755 subjects aged 12-30 years in the Taipei metropolis. A land use regression model was used to estimate residential annual mean concentrations of PM2.5 and eight elemental constituents. We evaluated the percent differences in carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) with PM2.5 and elemental constituent exposures by linear regressions. Interquartile range increments for PM2.5 (4.5 μg/m3), sulfur (108.6 ng/m3), manganese (2.0 ng/m3), iron (34.5 ng/m3), copper (3.6 ng/m3), and zinc (20.7 ng/m3) were found to associate with 0.92% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.17-1.66), 0.51% (0.02-1.00), 0.36% (0.05-0.67), 0.98% (0.15-1.82), 0.74% (0.01-1.48), and 1.20% (0.33-2.08) higher CIMTs, respectively. Factor analysis identified four air pollution source-related factors, and the factors interpreted as traffic and industry sources were associated with higher CIMTs. Stratified analyses showed the estimates were more evident in subjects who were ≥18 years old, females, or who had lower household income. Our study results provide new insight into the impacts of source-specific air pollution, and future research on source-specific air pollution effects in young populations, especially in vulnerable subpopulations, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Ying Chen
- Division of Occupational Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Division of Surgical Intensive Care, Department of Critical Care Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Fooyin University. Kaohsiung 831301, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Fu Wu
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
| | - Charlene Wu
- Global Health Program, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Chuan Chan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Shiang Hwang
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chen Su
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
- The Experimental Forest, National Taiwan University, Nantou 557, Taiwan
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Peralta AA, Schwartz J, Gold DR, Vonk JM, Vermeulen R, Gehring U. Quantile regression to examine the association of air pollution with subclinical atherosclerosis in an adolescent population. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 164:107285. [PMID: 35576730 PMCID: PMC9890274 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution has been associated with carotid intima-media thickness test (CIMT), a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report an association between ambient air pollution and CIMT in a younger adolescent population. OBJECTIVE To investigate the associations beyond standard mean regression by using quantile regression to explore if associations occur at different percentiles of the CIMT distribution. METHODS We measured CIMT cross-sectionally at the age of 16 years in 363 adolescents participating in the Dutch PIAMA birth cohort. We fit separate quantile regressions to examine whether the associations of annual averages of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), PM2.5 absorbance (a marker for black carbon), PMcoarse and ultrafine particles up to age 14 assigned at residential addresses with CIMT varied across deciles of CIMT. False discovery rate corrections (FDR, p < 0.05 for statistical significance) were applied for multiple comparisons. We report quantile regression coefficients that correspond to an average change in CIMT (µm) associated with an interquartile range increase in the exposure. RESULTS PM2.5 absorbance exposure at birth was statistically significantly (FDR < 0.05) associated with a 6.23 µm (95% CI: 0.15, 12.3) higher CIMT per IQR increment in PM2.5 absorbance in the 10th quantile of CIMT but was not significantly related to other deciles within the CIMT distribution. For NO2 exposure we found similar effect sizes to PM2.5 absorbance, but with much wider confidence intervals. PM2.5 exposure was weakly positively associated with CIMT while PMcoarse and ultrafine did not display any consistent patterns. CONCLUSIONS Early childhood exposure to ambient air pollution was suggestively associated with the CIMT distribution during adolescence. Since CIMT increases with age, mitigation strategies to reduce traffic-related air pollution early in life could possibly delay atherosclerosis and subsequently CVD development later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adjani A Peralta
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, United States; Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, United States.
| | - Diane R Gold
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, United States.
| | - Judith M Vonk
- Department of Epidemiology and Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
| | - Ulrike Gehring
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
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Zheng R, Xu Y, Li M, Lu J, Xu M, Wang T, Zhao Z, Wang S, Lin H, Zhang X, Bi Y, Wang W, Ning G. Pan-risk factor for a comprehensive cardiovascular health management. J Diabetes 2022; 14:179-191. [PMID: 35224859 PMCID: PMC9060018 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become the leading cause of death in China. CVDs are mainly caused by multiple well-known modifiable risk factors that are affected by socioeconomic and environmental determinants, lifestyle and behavioral choices, and familial and genetic predispositions. With more risk factors proved to be associated with CVD occurrence, the concept "pan-risk factor" is proposed in this review to indicate all discovered and yet-to-be-discovered CVD risk factors for comprehensive primary prevention of CVD. Recognizing more factors and their roles in CVD development and progression is the first step in reducing the ever-increasing burden of CVD. This review is an overview of the pan-risk factor whose associations with CVD outcomes have been established. Along with the accumulation of scientific evidence, an increasing number of risk factors will be discovered and included in the list of pan-risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhi Zheng
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine TumorState Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine TumorState Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Mian Li
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine TumorState Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jieli Lu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine TumorState Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine TumorState Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Tiange Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine TumorState Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Zhiyun Zhao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine TumorState Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Shuangyuan Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine TumorState Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Hong Lin
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine TumorState Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine TumorState Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yufang Bi
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine TumorState Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine TumorState Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Guang Ning
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesRuijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine TumorState Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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Desperak P, Desperak A, Szyguła-Jurkiewicz B, Rozentryt P, Lekston A, Gąsior M. The Impact of Short-Term Outdoor Air Pollution on Clinical Status and Prognosis of Hospitalized Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Treated with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. J Clin Med 2022; 11:484. [PMID: 35159936 PMCID: PMC8836379 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the influence of acute exposure to air pollutants on patients' profile, short- and mid-term outcomes of hospitalized patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) treated with coronary angioplasty. METHODS Out of 19,582 patients of the TERCET Registry, 7521 patients living in the Upper Silesia and Zaglebie Metropolis were included. The study population was divided into two groups according to the diagnosis of chronic (CCS) or acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Data on 24-h average concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <10 μm (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen monoxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3) were obtained from eight environmental monitoring stations. RESULTS No significant association between pollutants' concentration with baseline characteristic and in-hospital outcomes was observed. In the ACS group at 30 days, exceeding the 3rd quartile of PM10 was associated with almost 2-fold increased risk of adverse events and more than 3-fold increased risk of death. Exceeding the 3rd quartile of SO2 was connected with more than 8-fold increased risk of death at 30 days. In the CCS group, exceeding the 3rd quartile of SO2 was linked to almost 2,5-fold increased risk of 12-month death. CONCLUSIONS The acute increase in air pollutants' concentrations affect short- and mid-term prognosis in patients with CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Desperak
- Third Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.D.); (B.S.-J.); (P.R.); (A.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Aneta Desperak
- Third Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.D.); (B.S.-J.); (P.R.); (A.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Bożena Szyguła-Jurkiewicz
- Third Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.D.); (B.S.-J.); (P.R.); (A.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Piotr Rozentryt
- Third Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.D.); (B.S.-J.); (P.R.); (A.L.); (M.G.)
- Department of Toxicology and Health Protection, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Andrzej Lekston
- Third Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.D.); (B.S.-J.); (P.R.); (A.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Mariusz Gąsior
- Third Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.D.); (B.S.-J.); (P.R.); (A.L.); (M.G.)
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Wu C, Liu B, Wu D, Yang H, Mao X, Tan J, Liang Y, Sun JY, Xia R, Sun J, He G, Li M, Deng T, Zhou Z, Li YJ. Vertical profiling of black carbon and ozone using a multicopter unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in urban Shenzhen of South China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 801:149689. [PMID: 34425446 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Existing studies on vertical profiling of black carbon (BC) and ozone (O3) were mainly conducted in the rural areas, leading to limited knowledge of their vertical distributions in the urban area. To fill this knowledge gap, vertical profiling (0-500 m and 0-900 m, AGL) of BC and O3 was conducted in a highly urbanized area of Shenzhen in subtropical South China using a multicopter unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform. In total 32 flights were conducted from the 10th to 15th, December 2017 (winter campaign) and 42 flights from the 19th to 28th, August 2018 (summer campaign) with 4 time slots per day, including morning, afternoon, evening, and midnight. In general, equivalent BC (eBC) concentration decreased as the height increased with an overall slope of -0.13 μg m-3 per 100 m in the winter campaign and -0.08 μg m-3 per 100 m in the summer campaign. On the contrary, an increase of O3 level with altitude was observed (7.8 ppb per 100 m). Absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) exhibits a slightly increasing trend with height. Seasonality of eBC vertical profiles was observed in morning, afternoon and midnight flights, but not for evening flights. The analysis showed the shape of vertical profiles of eBC and O3 can be affected by planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) and air mass origin. Calculated heating rates due to BC show distinct seasonal variability for morning but not for afternoon, because of the counteracting effects by solar irradiance in the subtropical afternoon and eBC concentration in urban South China influenced by the monsoon climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wu
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Ben Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Centre for Regional Oceans, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Dui Wu
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou 510632, China; Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology, CMA, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Honglong Yang
- Shenzhen Meteorological Bureau, CMA, Shenzhen 518040, China
| | - Xia Mao
- Shenzhen Meteorological Bureau, CMA, Shenzhen 518040, China
| | - Jian Tan
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yue Liang
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jia Yin Sun
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Rui Xia
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiaren Sun
- Key Laboratory of urban ecological Environmental Simulation and protection, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of PRC, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Guowen He
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Mei Li
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tao Deng
- Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology, CMA, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yong Jie Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Centre for Regional Oceans, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau.
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Oikonomou E, Lazaros G, Mystakidi VC, Papaioannou N, Theofilis P, Vogiatzi G, Chasikidis C, Fountoulakis P, Papakostantinou MA, Assimakopoulos MN, Barmparesos N, Tasios P, Kaski JC, Tousoulis D. The association of air pollutants exposure with subclinical inflammation and carotid atherosclerosis. Int J Cardiol 2021; 342:108-114. [PMID: 34339768 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution is a well-described environmental factor with evidence suggesting a firm association with cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine the association of exposure to gaseous air pollutants on atherosclerosis burden. METHODS 1955 inhabitants of the Corinthia region, aged 40 years or older, underwent clinical and biochemical assessment as well as carotid ultrasonography to evaluate carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and plaque burden. Analyzers recording time series concentration of CO, NO2, and SO2 were located at 4 different open sites (Regions 1, 2, 3 and 4) based on their proximity to industries, highways or shipyards. RESULTS A higher concentration of CO, NO2, and SO2 was observed in Region 4 compared to the other regions. Mean cIMT (Region 1: 0.93 ± 0.24 mm; Region 2: 0.96 ± 0.40 mm; Region 3: 0.94 ± 0.39 mm; Region 4: 1.14 ± 0.55 mm, p < 0.001), maximum cIMT (p < 0.001) as well as carotid plaque burden (Region 1: 13.3%; Region 2: 18.8%; Region 3: 22.4%; Region 4: 38.6%, p < 0.001) were significantly higher in individuals of Region 4. Inhabitants of Region 4 had also higher levels of C reactive protein (Region 1: 4.56 ± 4.85 mg/l; Region 2: 3.49 ± 4.46 mg/l; Region 3: 4.03 ± 3.32 mg/l, Region 4: 5.16 ± 8.26 mg/l, p < 0.001). Propensity score analysis revealed higher inter-area differences in mean cIMT of individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD) (high vs low air pollution area: 1.56 ± 0.80 mm; vs. 1.18 ± 0.54 mm, p < 0.001) while there was no difference in cIMT of the matched population without CAD (p = 0.52). CONCLUSIONS An increased carotid atherosclerotic and inflammatory burden is observed in inhabitants of areas with the highest concentration of air pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Oikonomou
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
| | - George Lazaros
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Chara Mystakidi
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Papaioannou
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Theofilis
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Vogiatzi
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Chasikidis
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Fountoulakis
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria-Argentina Papakostantinou
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Nikolaos Barmparesos
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Physics, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Tasios
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Physics, Athens, Greece
| | - Juan C Kaski
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Cardiology Clinic, 'Hippokration' General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
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10
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Li M, Su L, Wang H, Wan P, Guo P, Cai Z, Gao H, Zhang Z, Lu D. Stretchable and Compressible Si 3 N 4 Nanofiber Sponge with Aligned Microstructure for Highly Efficient Particulate Matter Filtration under High-Velocity Airflow. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2100556. [PMID: 34081414 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202100556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is one of the most severe air pollutants and poses a threat to human health. Air filters with high filtration efficiency applied to the source of PM are an effective way to reduce pollution. However, many of the present filtration materials usually fail because of their high pressure drop under high-velocity airflow and poor thermal stability at high temperatures. Herein, a highly porous Si3 N4 nanofiber sponge (Si3 N4 NFS) assembled by aligned and well-interconnected Si3 N4 nanofibers is designed and fabricated via chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The resulting ultralight Si3 N4 NFS (2.69 mg cm-3 ) processes temperature-invariant reversible strechability (10% strain) and compressibility (50% strain), which enables its mechanical robustness under high-velocity airflow. The highly porous and aligned microstructure result in a Si3 N4 NFS with high filtration efficiency for PM2.5 (99.97%) and simultaneous low pressure drop (340 Pa, only <0.33% of atmospheric pressure) even under a high gas flow velocity (8.72 m s-1 ) at a high temperature (1000 °C). Furthermore, the Si3 N4 NFS air filter exhibits good long-term service ability and recyclability. Such Si3 N4 NFS with aligned microstructures for highly efficient gas filters provides new perspectives for the design and preparation of high-performance filtration materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Lei Su
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Zhixin Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Hongfei Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Zijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - De Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
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11
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Shkirkova K, Lamorie-Foote K, Connor M, Patel A, Barisano G, Baertsch H, Liu Q, Morgan TE, Sioutas C, Mack WJ. Effects of ambient particulate matter on vascular tissue: a review. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2020; 23:319-350. [PMID: 32972334 PMCID: PMC7758078 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2020.1822971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Fine and ultra-fine particulate matter (PM) are major constituents of urban air pollution and recognized risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. This review examined the effects of PM exposure on vascular tissue. Specific mechanisms by which PM affects the vasculature include inflammation, oxidative stress, actions on vascular tone and vasomotor responses, as well as atherosclerotic plaque formation. Further, there appears to be a greater PM exposure effect on susceptible individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Krista Lamorie-Foote
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Michelle Connor
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Arati Patel
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | | | - Hans Baertsch
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California
| | - Qinghai Liu
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California
| | - Todd E. Morgan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California
| | - Constantinos Sioutas
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California
| | - William J. Mack
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California
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12
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Hennig F, Geisel MH, Kälsch H, Lucht S, Mahabadi AA, Moebus S, Erbel R, Lehmann N, Jöckel KH, Scherag A, Hoffmann B. Air Pollution and Progression of Atherosclerosis in Different Vessel Beds-Results from a Prospective Cohort Study in the Ruhr Area, Germany. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2020; 128:107003. [PMID: 33017176 PMCID: PMC7535085 DOI: 10.1289/ehp7077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Due to inconsistent epidemiological evidence on health effects of air pollution on progression of atherosclerosis, we investigated several air pollutants and their effects on progression of atherosclerosis, using carotid intima media thickness (cIMT), coronary calcification (CAC), and thoracic aortic calcification (TAC). METHODS We used baseline (2000-2003) and 5-y follow-up (2006-2008) data from the German Heinz Nixdorf Recall cohort study, including 4,814 middle-aged adults. Residence-based long-term air pollution exposure, including particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5μm (PM2.5), (PM10), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was assessed using chemistry transport and land use regression (LUR) models. cIMT was quantified as side-specific median IMT assessed from standardized ultrasound images. CAC and TAC were quantified by computed tomography using the Agatston score. Development (yes/no) and progression of atherosclerosis (change in cIMT and annual growth rate for CAC/TAC) were analyzed with logistic and linear regression models, adjusting for age, sex, lifestyle variables, socioeconomic status, and traffic noise. RESULTS While no clear associations were observed in the full study sample (mean age 59.1 (±7.6) y; 53% female), most air pollutants were marginally associated with progression of atherosclerosis in participants with no or low baseline atherosclerotic burden. Most consistently for CAC, e.g., a 1.5 μg/m3 higher exposure to PM2.5 (LUR) yielded an estimated odds ratio of 1.19 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.39] for progression of CAC and an increased annual growth rate of 2% (95% CI: 1%, 4%). CONCLUSION Our study suggests that development and progression of subclinical atherosclerosis is associated with long-term air pollution in middle-aged participants with no or minor atherosclerotic burden at baseline, while overall no consistent associations are observed. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP7077.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frauke Hennig
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Center for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marie Henrike Geisel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Hagen Kälsch
- Department of Cardiology, Alfried Krupp Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Sarah Lucht
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Center for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Amir Abbas Mahabadi
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Susanne Moebus
- Center of Urban Epidemiology (Cue), Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Raimund Erbel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Nils Lehmann
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - André Scherag
- Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Medical Statistics, Computer and Data Sciences, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Barbara Hoffmann
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Center for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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13
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Liu H, Cao C, Huang J, Chen Z, Chen G, Lai Y. Progress on particulate matter filtration technology: basic concepts, advanced materials, and performances. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:437-453. [PMID: 31840701 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr08851b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The PM (particulate matter)-induced haze problem has caused serious environmental and health concerns. It is still a huge challenge to control PM pollution because of the complex structure, diverse sources and intricate evolution mechanism of the particles. In recent years, there has been increasing efforts to develop advanced strategies for PM treatment. Herein, we wish to provide a systematic summary of recent progress in air filtration. The review covers the definition of PM, the characterization of PM, the mechanism of PM capture, advanced purification materials, and special multifunctional performances. As for characterizing PM particles, removal efficiency, pressure drop, flow rate, quality factor and optical transparency are the basic parameters. For the advanced filters with excellent filtration performance, some special properties such as thermal stability, antibacterial property, flame retardancy, recyclability and special wettability are in great need under certain extreme conditions. Finally, some future prospects for filtration materials, like material choice and structural design, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China.
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14
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Liberda EN, Zuk AM, Tsuji LJS. Complex contaminant mixtures and their associations with intima-media thickness. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2019; 19:289. [PMID: 31830904 PMCID: PMC6909558 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-019-1246-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality is higher among Indigenous persons, who also experience greater health disparities when compared to non-Indigenous Canadians, particularly in remote regions of Canada. Assessment of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), a noninvasive screening tool and can be used as biomarker to assess increased CVD risk. Few studies have examined environmental contaminant body burden and its association with cIMT. METHODS Data from the Environment-and-Health Study in the Eeyou Istchee territory of northern Québec, Canada was used to assess complex body burden mixtures of POPs, metals and metalloids among (n = 535) Indigenous people between 15 and 87 years of age with cIMT. First, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to reduce the complexity of the contaminant data. Second, based on the underlying PCA profiles from the biological data, we examined each of the prominent principal component (PC) axes on cIMT using multivariable linear regression models. Lastly, based on these PC axes, cIMT was also regressed on summed (Σ) organic compound concentrations, polychlorinated biphenyl, perfluorinated compounds, respectively, ∑10 OCs, ∑13 PCBs, ∑3PFCs, and nickel. RESULTS Most organochlorines and PFCs loaded primarily on PC-1 (53% variation). Nickel, selenium, and cadmium were found to load on PC-5. Carotid-IMT was significantly associated with PC-1 β = 0.004 (95 % CI 0.001, 0.007), and PC-5 β = 0.013 (95 % CI 0.002, 0.023). However, the association appears to be greater for PC-5, accounting for 3% of the variation, and mostly represented by nickel. Results show that that both nickel, and ∑3PFCs were similarly associated with cIMT β = 0.001 (95 % CI 0.0003, 0.003), and β = 0.001 (95 % CI 0.0004, 0.002), respectively. But ∑10OCs was significantly associated with a slightly greater β = 0.004 (95 % CI 0.001, 0.007) cIMT change, though with less precision. Lastly, ∑13PCBs also increased β = 0.002 (95 % CI 0.0004, 0.003) cIMT after fully adjusting for covariates. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that environmental contaminants are associated with cIMT. This is important for the Cree from the Eeyou Istchee territory who may experience higher body burdens of contaminants than non-Indigenous Canadians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric N Liberda
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Ryerson University, Toronto, 350 Victoria St, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada.
| | - Aleksandra M Zuk
- Health Studies, and the Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, M1C 1A4, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leonard J S Tsuji
- Health Studies, and the Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, M1C 1A4, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Ntarladima AM, Vaartjes I, Grobbee DE, Dijst M, Schmitz O, Uiterwaal C, Dalmeijer G, van der Ent C, Hoek G, Karssenberg D. Relations between air pollution and vascular development in 5-year old children: a cross-sectional study in the Netherlands. Environ Health 2019; 18:50. [PMID: 31096974 PMCID: PMC6524285 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-019-0487-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution has been shown to promote cardiovascular disease in adults. Possible mechanisms include air pollution induced changes in arterial wall function and structure. Atherosclerotic vascular disease is a lifelong process and childhood exposure may play a critical role. We investigated whether air pollution is related to arterial wall changes in 5-year old children. To this aim, we developed an air pollution exposure methodology including time-weighted activity patterns improving upon epidemiological studies which assess exposure only at residential addresses. METHODS The study is part of an existing cohort study in which measurements of carotid artery intima-media thickness, carotid artery distensibility, elastic modulus, diastolic and systolic blood pressure have been obtained. Air pollution assessments were based on annual average concentration maps of Particulate Matter and Nitrogen Oxides at 5 m resolution derived from the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects. We defined children's likely primary activities and for each activity we calculated the mean air pollution exposure within the assumed area visited by the child. The exposure was then weighted by the time spent performing each activity to retrieve personal air pollution exposure for each child. Time spent in these activities was based upon a Dutch mobility survey. To assess the relation between the vascular status and air pollution exposure we applied linear regressions in order to adjust for potential confounders. RESULTS Carotid artery distensibility was consistently associated with the exposures among the 733 5-years olds. Regression analysis showed that for air pollution exposures carotid artery distensibility decreased per standard deviation. Specifically, for NO2, carotid artery distensibility decreased by - 1.53 mPa- 1 (95% CI: -2.84, - 0.21), for NOx by - 1.35 mPa- 1 (95% CI: -2.67, - 0.04), for PM2.5 by - 1.38 mPa- 1 (95% CI: -2.73, - 0.02), for PM10 by - 1.56 mPa- 1 (95% CI: -2.73, - 0.39), and for PM2.5absorbance by - 1.63 (95% CI: -2.30, - 0.18). No associations were observed for the rest outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study support the view that air pollution exposure may reduce arterial distensibility starting in young children. If the reduced distensibility persists, this may have clinical relevance later in life. The results of this study further stress the importance of reducing environmental pollutant exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maria Ntarladima
- Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Global Geo Health Data Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Ilonca Vaartjes
- Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Global Geo Health Data Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Diederick E Grobbee
- Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Global Geo Health Data Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Dijst
- Global Geo Health Data Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research LISER, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxemburg, UK
| | - Oliver Schmitz
- Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Global Geo Health Data Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cuno Uiterwaal
- Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Geertje Dalmeijer
- Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis van der Ent
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, and Cystic Fibrosis Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Global Geo Health Data Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Derek Karssenberg
- Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Global Geo Health Data Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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16
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Wang Q, Gan X, Li F, Chen Y, Fu W, Zhu X, Xu D, Long M, Xu D. PM 2.5 Exposure Induces More Serious Apoptosis of Cardiomyocytes Mediated by Caspase3 through JNK/ P53 Pathway in Hyperlipidemic Rats. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:24-33. [PMID: 30662344 PMCID: PMC6329924 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.28633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to airborne particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equivalent to 2.5 microns (PM2.5) easily induces acute myocardial infarction in populations with high-risk cardiovascular diseases such as hyperlipidemia, but its mechanism remains unclear. In this study, hyperlipidemic rats were used to examine the effects of PM2.5 exposure on the cardiovascular system and the mechanism for its induction of cardiovascular events. We found that PM2.5 exposure resulted in bigger changes in the myocardial enzyme profile (cTnI, LDH, CK, CK-MB) in hyperlipidemic rats than that of control rats, as well as a significant increase in the C-reactive protein (CRP) level and a decrease in the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. It promoted a hypercoagulable state, significantly increased blood pressure and heart rate, while decreased the variability of heart rate in hyperlipidemic rats. In addition, pathological test showed that PM2.5 exposure more easily deteriorated myocardial injury in hyperlipidemic rats. It upregulated the phosphorylation levels of myocardial c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and P53, resulting in the elevated expression of downstream effector protein Bax and the decreased expression of Bcl-2, and then increased caspase3 level leading to cardiomyocyte apoptosis, while little change of caspase2 was observed. Taken together, PM2.5 exposure induced more serious inflammation and oxidative stress in the circulation system of hyperlipidemic rats, promoted a hypercoagulable state and triggered cardiomyocyte apoptosis, in which JNK/P53 pathway played a key role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese center for disease control and prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangdong Gan
- Institute of Military Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Li
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Institute of Military Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenliang Fu
- Institute of Military Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhu
- Institute of Military Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongqun Xu
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese center for disease control and prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Minhui Long
- Institute of Military Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Donggang Xu
- Institute of Military Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Beijing, China
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17
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Chu H, Hao W, Cheng Z, Huang Y, Wang S, Shang J, Hou X, Meng Q, Zhang Q, Jia L, Zhou W, Wang P, Jia G, Zhu T, Wei X. Black carbon particles and ozone-oxidized black carbon particles induced lung damage in mice through an interleukin-33 dependent pathway. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 644:217-228. [PMID: 29981970 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Black carbon (BC) is a key component of atmospheric particles which has adverse effects on human health. Oxidation could lead to chemical property and toxicity potency changes of BC. The key cytokines participating in lung damage in mice induced by BC and ozone-oxidized BC (oBC) particles have been investigated in this study. It was concluded that oBC has stronger potency of inducing lung damage in mice comparing to BC. IL-6 and IL-33 were hypothesized to play important roles in this damage. Accordingly, IL-6 and IL-33 neutralizing antibodies were used to explore which cytokine might play a key role in lung inflammation induced by BC and oBC. As a result, IL-6 neutralizing antibody did not alleviate the lung damage induced by BC and oBC. However, IL-33 neutralizing antibody prevented BC and oBC induced lung damage. Furthermore, IL-33 neutralizing antibody treatment reduced IL-6 mRNA expression. It is hypothesized that MAPK and PI3K-AKT pathways might be involved in the oBC particles caused lung damage. It was concluded that IL-33 plays a key role in BC and oBC induced lung damage in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqian Chu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Weidong Hao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Zhiyuan Cheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Yao Huang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Siqi Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Jing Shang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Hou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Qinghe Meng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Lixia Jia
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Pengmin Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Guang Jia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Tong Zhu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Xuetao Wei
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, PR China.
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18
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Ljungman PLS, Li W, Rice MB, Wilker EH, Schwartz J, Gold DR, Koutrakis P, Benjamin EJ, Vasan RS, Mitchell GF, Hamburg NM, Mittleman MA. Long- and short-term air pollution exposure and measures of arterial stiffness in the Framingham Heart Study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 121:139-147. [PMID: 30205320 PMCID: PMC6221919 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of air pollution exposure and arterial stiffness have reported inconsistent results and large studies employing the reference standard of arterial stiffness, carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity (CFPWV), have not been conducted. AIM To study long-term exposure to ambient fine particles (PM2.5), proximity to roadway, and short-term air pollution exposures in relation to multiple measures of arterial stiffness in the Framingham Heart Study. METHODS We assessed central arterial stiffness using CFPWV, forward pressure wave amplitude, mean arterial pressure and augmentation index. We investigated long-and short-term air pollution exposure associations with arterial stiffness with linear regressions using long-term residential PM2.5 (2003 average from a spatiotemporal model using satellite data) and proximity to roadway in addition to short-term averages of PM2.5, black carbon, particle number, sulfate, nitrogen oxides, and ozone from stationary monitors. RESULTS We examined 5842 participants (mean age 51 ± 16, 54% women). Living closer to a major roadway was associated with higher arterial stiffness (0.11 m/s higher CFPWV [95% CI: 0.01, 0.22] living <50 m vs 400 ≤ 1000 m). We did not observe association between arterial stiffness measures and long-term PM2.5 or short-term levels of PM2.5, particle number, sulfate or ozone. Higher levels of black carbon and nitrogen oxides in the previous days were unexpectedly associated with lower arterial stiffness. CONCLUSIONS Long-term exposure to PM2.5 was not associated with arterial stiffness but positive associations with living close to a major road may suggest that pollutant mixtures very nearby major roads, rather than PM2.5, may affect arterial stiffness. Furthermore, short-term air pollution exposures were not associated with higher arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petter L S Ljungman
- Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Cardiology, Danderyds Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Wenyuan Li
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mary B Rice
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elissa H Wilker
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Diane R Gold
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Petros Koutrakis
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emelia J Benjamin
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, MA, USA; Preventive Medicine and Cardiology Sections, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, MA, USA
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, MA, USA; Preventive Medicine and Cardiology Sections, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, MA, USA
| | | | - Naomi M Hamburg
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, MA, USA; Preventive Medicine and Cardiology Sections, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, MA, USA
| | - Murray A Mittleman
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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19
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Zhou W, Tian D, He J, Yan X, Zhao J, Yuan X, Peng S. Prolonged exposure to carbon nanoparticles induced methylome remodeling and gene expression in zebrafish heart. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 39:322-332. [PMID: 30289172 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Growing black carbon (BC) emission has become one of the major urgent environmental issues facing human beings. Usually, BC or BC-containing carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) were recognized as non-directly toxic components of atmospheric particulate matter. However, epidemiology studies have provided much evidence of the associations of exposure of particulate-containing carbon particles with cardiovascular diseases. There are still no related studies to support the epidemiological conclusions. Hence, in this article we exposed adult zebrafish to CNPs for 60 days, and then explored the heart location and potential adverse effects on cardiac tissues of these nanosized carbon particles. Our results first showed direct visualization of cardiac endothelial uptake and heart deposition of CNPs in zebrafish. In addition, CNPs caused significant ultrastructural alterations in myocardial tissue and induced the expression of inflammatory cytokines in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in sub-endocardial inflammation and cell apoptosis. Moreover, our data demonstrated the perturbations caused by CNPs on DNA methylation, suggesting that DNA methylome remodeling might play a critical role in CNP-induced cardiotoxicity in zebrafish heart. Therefore, this study not only proved a laboratory link between CNP exposure and cardiotoxicity in vivo, but also indicated a possible toxicity mechanism involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Evaluation and Research Centre for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, PLA, Beijing, 100071, China.,Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Dongdong Tian
- Evaluation and Research Centre for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, PLA, Beijing, 100071, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Jun He
- Evaluation and Research Centre for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, PLA, Beijing, 100071, China.,Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xiabei Yan
- Evaluation and Research Centre for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, PLA, Beijing, 100071, China.,Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Evaluation and Research Centre for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, PLA, Beijing, 100071, China.,Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yuan
- Evaluation and Research Centre for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, PLA, Beijing, 100071, China.,Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Shuangqing Peng
- Evaluation and Research Centre for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, PLA, Beijing, 100071, China.,Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
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20
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Wang Y, Zhan S, Di S, Zhao X. Novel Flexible Self-Standing Pt/Al 2O 3 Nanofibrous Membranes: Synthesis and Multifunctionality for Environmental Remediation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:26396-26404. [PMID: 30001100 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b07637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In spite of intensive research investigating the prevalent Pt/Al2O3 catalysts, achieving macroscopic morphology beyond the powder form limitations remains highly challenging. Meanwhile, current impregnation-based preparation approaches show the drawbacks of tedious procedures and inefficient use of noble metals. Therefore, it is important to search for new methods for the fabrication of Pt/Al2O3 catalysts with a novel morphology. In this study, a novel Pt/Al2O3 nanofibrous membrane catalyst is fabricated via a facile one-pot electrospinning process. The embedding of Pt nanoparticles is performed simultaneously with the formation of Al2O3 nanofibers. The Pt/Al2O3 membranes show remarkable mechanical properties with tensile stresses as high as 44.14 MPa. Notably, the Pt/Al2O3 membranes exhibit multifunctionality with excellent performance characteristics. The catalytic experiments indicate that 100% of bisphenol A is removed within 60 min, and 100% of CO is completely converted to CO2 at 242 °C when Pt/Al2O3 membranes are used as catalysts. The membranes also exhibit excellent filtration performance, clearly decreasing the turbidity of water, and meet the high efficiency of particulate air filter standards. The excellent flexibility, satisfying mechanical property, and multifunctionality extend the range of potential application of the Pt/Al2O3 membranes. Moreover, the facile synthesis suggests new possibilities for the fabrication of many membrane-form Al2O3-supported catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , P. R. China
| | - Sihui Zhan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Nankai University , Tianjin 300350 , P. R. China
| | - Song Di
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , P. R. China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , P. R. China
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21
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Yi Z, Cheng P, Chen J, Liu K, Liu Q, Li M, Zhong W, Wang W, Lu Z, Wang D. PVA-co-PE Nanofibrous Filter Media with Tailored Three-Dimensional Structure for High Performance and Safe Aerosol Filtration via Suspension-Drying Procedure. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b02523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhibing Yi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Pan Cheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Qiongzhen Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Mufang Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Weibing Zhong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Wenwen Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Zhentan Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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22
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Alexeeff SE, Roy A, Shan J, Liu X, Messier K, Apte JS, Portier C, Sidney S, Van Den Eeden SK. High-resolution mapping of traffic related air pollution with Google street view cars and incidence of cardiovascular events within neighborhoods in Oakland, CA. Environ Health 2018; 17:38. [PMID: 29759065 PMCID: PMC5952592 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-018-0382-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some studies have linked long-term exposure to traffic related air pollutants (TRAP) with adverse cardiovascular health outcomes; however, previous studies have not linked highly variable concentrations of TRAP measured at street-level within neighborhoods to cardiovascular health outcomes. METHODS Long-term pollutant concentrations for nitrogen dioxide [NO2], nitric oxide [NO], and black carbon [BC] were obtained by street-level mobile monitoring on 30 m road segments and linked to residential addresses of 41,869 adults living in Oakland during 2010 to 2015. We fit Cox proportional hazard models to estimate the relationship between air pollution exposures and time to first cardiovascular event. Secondary analyses examined effect modification by diabetes and age. RESULTS Long-term pollutant concentrations [mean, (standard deviation; SD)] for NO2, NO and BC were 9.9 ppb (SD 3.8), 4.9 ppb (SD 3.8), and 0.36 μg/m3 (0.17) respectively. A one SD increase in NO2, NO and BC, was associated with a change in risk of a cardiovascular event of 3% (95% confidence interval [CI] -6% to 12%), 3% (95% CI -5% to 12%), and - 1% (95% CI -8% to 7%), respectively. Among the elderly (≥65 yrs), we found an increased risk of a cardiovascular event of 12% for NO2 (95% CI: 2%, 24%), 12% for NO (95% CI: 3%, 22%), and 7% for BC (95% CI: -3%, 17%) per one SD increase. We found no effect modification by diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Street-level differences in long-term exposure to TRAP were associated with higher risk of cardiovascular events among the elderly, indicating that within-neighborhood differences in TRAP are important to cardiovascular health. Associations among the general population were consistent with results found in previous studies, though not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey E. Alexeeff
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612 USA
| | - Ananya Roy
- Environmental Defense Fund, New York, NY USA
| | - Jun Shan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612 USA
| | - Xi Liu
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612 USA
| | - Kyle Messier
- Environmental Defense Fund, New York, NY USA
- Dept. of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX USA
| | - Joshua S. Apte
- Dept. of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX USA
| | | | - Stephen Sidney
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612 USA
| | - Stephen K. Van Den Eeden
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612 USA
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23
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Abstract
Air pollution is a significant environmental and health hazard. Earlier studies had examined the adverse health effects associated with short- and long-term exposure to particulate matter on respiratory disease. However, later studies demonstrated that was actually cardiovascular disease that accounted for majority of mortality. Furthermore, it was not gaseous pollutants like oxides of nitrate, sulfur, carbon mono-oxide or ozone but the particulate matter or PM, of fine or coarse size (PM2.5 and PM10) which was linearly associated with mortality; PM2.5 with long term and PM10 with short term. Several cardiovascular diseases are associated with pollution; acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, atherosclerosis and cardiac arrest. The ideal way to address this problem is by adhering to stringent environmental standards of pollutants but some individual steps like choosing to stay indoors (on high pollution days), reducing outdoor air permeation to inside, purifying indoor air using air filters, and also limiting outdoor physical activity near source of air pollution can help. Nutritional anti-oxidants like statins or Mediterranean diet, and aspirin have not been associated with reduced risk but specific nutritional agents like broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower or brussels sprouts, fish oil supplement may help. Use of face-mask has been controversial but may be useful if particulate matter load is higher.
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24
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Wilker EH, Martinez-Ramirez S, Kloog I, Schwartz J, Mostofsky E, Koutrakis P, Mittleman MA, Viswanathan A. Fine Particulate Matter, Residential Proximity to Major Roads, and Markers of Small Vessel Disease in a Memory Study Population. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 53:1315-23. [PMID: 27372639 DOI: 10.3233/jad-151143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution has been associated with impaired cognitive function and vascular disease in older adults, but little is known about these associations among people with concerns about memory loss. OBJECTIVE To examine associations between exposures to fine particulate matter and residential proximity to major roads and markers of small vessel disease. METHODS From 2004-2010, 236 participants in the Massachusetts Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Longitudinal Cohort participated in neuroimaging studies. Residential proximity to major roads and estimated 2003 residential annual average of fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5) were linked to measures of brain parenchymal fraction (BPF), white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and cerebral microbleeds. Associations were modeled using linear and logistic regression and adjusted for clinical and lifestyle factors. RESULTS In this population (median age [interquartile range] = 74 [12], 57% female) living in a region with median 2003 PM2.5 annual average below the current Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standard, there were no associations between living closer to a major roadway or for a 2μg/m3 increment in PM2.5 and smaller BPF, greater WMH volume, or a higher odds of microbleeds. However, a 2μg/m3 increment in PM2.5 was associated with -0.19 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): -0.37, -0.005) lower natural log-transformed WMH volume. Other associations had wide confidence intervals. CONCLUSIONS In this population, where median 2003 estimated PM2.5 levels were below the current EPA standard, we observed no pattern of association between residential proximity to major roads or 2003 average PM2.5 and greater burden of small vessel disease or neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa H Wilker
- Cardiovascular Division, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sergi Martinez-Ramirez
- Hemorrhagic Stroke Research Group, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Itai Kloog
- Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Mostofsky
- Cardiovascular Division, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Petros Koutrakis
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Murray A Mittleman
- Cardiovascular Division, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anand Viswanathan
- Hemorrhagic Stroke Research Group, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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25
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Evaluation of Traffic Density Parameters as an Indicator of Vehicle Emission-Related Near-Road Air Pollution: A Case Study with NEXUS Measurement Data on Black Carbon. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14121581. [PMID: 29244754 PMCID: PMC5750999 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14121581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An important factor in evaluating health risk of near-road air pollution is to accurately estimate the traffic-related vehicle emission of air pollutants. Inclusion of traffic parameters such as road length/area, distance to roads, and traffic volume/intensity into models such as land use regression (LUR) models has improved exposure estimation. To better understand the relationship between vehicle emissions and near-road air pollution, we evaluated three traffic density-based indices: Major-Road Density (MRD), All-Traffic Density (ATD) and Heavy-Traffic Density (HTD) which represent the proportions of major roads, major road with annual average daily traffic (AADT), and major road with commercial annual average daily traffic (CAADT) in a buffered area, respectively. We evaluated the potential of these indices as vehicle emission-specific near-road air pollutant indicators by analyzing their correlation with black carbon (BC), a marker for mobile source air pollutants, using measurement data obtained from the Near-road Exposures and Effects of Urban Air Pollutants Study (NEXUS). The average BC concentrations during a day showed variations consistent with changes in traffic volume which were classified into high, medium, and low for the morning rush hours, the evening rush hours, and the rest of the day, respectively. The average correlation coefficients between BC concentrations and MRD, ATD, and HTD, were 0.26, 0.18, and 0.48, respectively, as compared with −0.31 and 0.25 for two commonly used traffic indicators: nearest distance to a major road and total length of the major road. HTD, which includes only heavy-duty diesel vehicles in its traffic count, gives statistically significant correlation coefficients for all near-road distances (50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 m) that were analyzed. Generalized linear model (GLM) analyses show that season, traffic volume, HTD, and distance from major roads are highly related to BC measurements. Our analyses indicate that traffic density parameters may be more specific indicators of near-road BC concentrations for health risk studies. HTD is the best index for reflecting near-road BC concentrations which are influenced mainly by the emissions of heavy-duty diesel engines.
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26
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Abu Awad Y, Koutrakis P, Coull BA, Schwartz J. A spatio-temporal prediction model based on support vector machine regression: Ambient Black Carbon in three New England States. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 159:427-434. [PMID: 28858756 PMCID: PMC5623647 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Fine ambient particulate matter has been widely associated with multiple health effects. Mitigation hinges on understanding which sources are contributing to its toxicity. Black Carbon (BC), an indicator of particles generated from traffic sources, has been associated with a number of health effects however due to its high spatial variability, its concentration is difficult to estimate. We previously fit a model estimating BC concentrations in the greater Boston area; however this model was built using limited monitoring data and could not capture the complex spatio-temporal patterns of ambient BC. In order to improve our predictive ability, we obtained more data for a total of 24,301 measurements from 368 monitors over a 12 year period in Massachusetts, Rhode Island and New Hampshire. We also used Nu-Support Vector Regression (nu-SVR) - a machine learning technique which incorporates nonlinear terms and higher order interactions, with appropriate regularization of parameter estimates. We then used a generalized additive model to refit the residuals from the nu-SVR and added the residual predictions to our earlier estimates. Both spatial and temporal predictors were included in the model which allowed us to capture the change in spatial patterns of BC over time. The 10 fold cross validated (CV) R2 of the model was good in both cold (10-fold CV R2 = 0.87) and warm seasons (CV R2 = 0.79). We have successfully built a model that can be used to estimate short and long-term exposures to BC and will be useful for studies looking at various health outcomes in MA, RI and Southern NH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara Abu Awad
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Petros Koutrakis
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Babadjouni RM, Hodis DM, Radwanski R, Durazo R, Patel A, Liu Q, Mack WJ. Clinical effects of air pollution on the central nervous system; a review. J Clin Neurosci 2017; 43:16-24. [PMID: 28528896 PMCID: PMC5544553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2017.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to describe recent clinical and epidemiological studies examining the adverse effects of urban air pollution on the central nervous system (CNS). Air pollution and particulate matter (PM) are associated with neuroinflammation and reactive oxygen species (ROS). These processes affect multiple CNS pathways. The conceptual framework of this review focuses on adverse effects of air pollution with respect to neurocognition, white matter disease, stroke, and carotid artery disease. Both children and older individuals exposed to air pollution exhibit signs of cognitive dysfunction. However, evidence on middle-aged cohorts is lacking. White matter injury secondary to air pollution exposure is a putative mechanism for neurocognitive decline. Air pollution is associated with exacerbations of neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Increases in stroke incidences and mortalities are seen in the setting of air pollution exposure and CNS pathology is robust. Large populations living in highly polluted environments are at risk. This review aims to outline current knowledge of air pollution exposure effects on neurological health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin M Babadjouni
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Drew M Hodis
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Ryan Radwanski
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Ramon Durazo
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Arati Patel
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Qinghai Liu
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - William J Mack
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
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Dorans KS, Wilker EH, Li W, Rice MB, Ljungman PL, Schwartz J, Coull BA, Kloog I, Koutrakis P, D'Agostino RB, Massaro JM, Hoffmann U, O'Donnell CJ, Mittleman MA. Residential proximity to major roads, exposure to fine particulate matter and aortic calcium: the Framingham Heart Study, a cohort study. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e013455. [PMID: 28302634 PMCID: PMC5372069 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Traffic and ambient air pollution exposure are positively associated with cardiovascular disease, potentially through atherosclerosis promotion. Few studies have assessed associations of these exposures with thoracic aortic calcium Agatston score (TAC) or abdominal aortic calcium Agatston score (AAC), systemic atherosclerosis correlates. We assessed whether living close to a major road and residential fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure were associated with TAC and AAC in a Northeastern US cohort. DESIGN Cohort study. SETTING Framingham Offspring and Third Generation participants residing in the Northeastern USA. PARTICIPANTS AND OUTCOME MEASURES Among 3506 participants, mean age was 55.8 years; 50% female. TAC was measured from 2002 to 2005 and AAC up to two times (2002-2005; 2008-2011) among participants from the Framingham Offspring or Third Generation cohorts. We first assessed associations with detectable TAC (logistic regression) and AAC (generalised estimating equation regression, logit link). As aortic calcium scores were right skewed, we used linear regression models and mixed-effects models to assess associations with natural log-transformed TAC and AAC, respectively, among participants with detectable aortic calcium. We also assessed associations with AAC progression. Models were adjusted for demographic variables, socioeconomic position indicators and time. RESULTS There were no consistent associations of major roadway proximity or PM2.5 with the presence or extent of TAC or AAC, or with AAC progression. Some estimates were in the opposite direction than expected. CONCLUSIONS In this cohort from a region with relatively low levels of and variation in PM2.5, there were no strong associations of proximity to a major road or PM2.5 with the presence or extent of aortic calcification, or with AAC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten S Dorans
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elissa H Wilker
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wenyuan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mary B Rice
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Petter L Ljungman
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Unit of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Itai Kloog
- Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Petros Koutrakis
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ralph B D'Agostino
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joseph M Massaro
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Udo Hoffmann
- Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Veteran's Administration Health System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Murray A Mittleman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Burroughs Peña MS, Rollins A. Environmental Exposures and Cardiovascular Disease: A Challenge for Health and Development in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Cardiol Clin 2017; 35:71-86. [PMID: 27886791 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccl.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Environmental exposures in low- and middle-income countries lie at the intersection of increased economic development and the rising public health burden of cardiovascular disease. Increasing evidence suggests an association of exposure to ambient air pollution, household air pollution from biomass fuel, lead, arsenic, and cadmium with multiple cardiovascular disease outcomes, including hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular mortality. Although populations in low- and middle-income countries are disproportionately exposed to environmental pollution, evidence linking these exposures to cardiovascular disease is derived from populations in high-income countries. More research is needed to further characterize the extent of environmental exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa S Burroughs Peña
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, 11th Floor, Room 1180D, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Allman Rollins
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Abstract
Exposure to air pollution negatively impacts cardiovascular health. Studies show that increased exposure to a number of airborne pollutants increases the risk for cardiovascular disease progression, myocardial events, and cardiovascular mortality. A hypothesized mechanism linking air pollution and cardiovascular disease is the development of systemic inflammation and endothelium dysfunction, the latter of which can result from an imbalance of vasoactive factors within the vasculature. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent peptide vasoconstrictor that plays a significant role in regulating vascular homeostasis. It has been reported that the production and function of ET-1 and its receptors are upregulated in a number of disease states associated with endothelium dysfunction including hypertension and atherosclerosis. This mini-review surveys epidemiological and experimental air pollution studies focused on ET-1 dysregulation as a plausible mechanism underlying the development of cardiovascular disease. Although alterations in ET-1 system components are observed in some studies, there remains a need for future research to clarify whether these specific changes are compensatory or causally related to vascular injury and dysfunction. Moreover, further research may test the efficacy of selective ET-1 pharmacological interventions (e.g., ETA receptor inhibitors) to determine whether these treatments could impede the deleterious impact of air pollution exposure on cardiovascular health.
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Halonen JI, Dehbi HM, Hansell AL, Gulliver J, Fecht D, Blangiardo M, Kelly FJ, Chaturvedi N, Kivimäki M, Tonne C. Associations of night-time road traffic noise with carotid intima-media thickness and blood pressure: The Whitehall II and SABRE study cohorts. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 98:54-61. [PMID: 27712935 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Road traffic noise has been linked to increased risk of stroke, for which hypertension and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) are risk factors. A link between traffic noise and hypertension has been established, but there are few studies on blood pressure and no studies on cIMT. OBJECTIVES To examine cross-sectional associations for long-term exposure to night-time noise with cIMT, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and hypertension. METHODS The study population consisted of 2592 adults from the Whitehall II and SABRE cohort studies living within Greater London who had cIMT, SBP and DBP measured. Exposure to night-time road traffic noise (A-weighted dB, referred to as dBA) was estimated at each participant's residential postcode centroid. RESULTS Mean night-time road noise levels were 52dBA (SD=4). In the pooled analysis adjusted for cohort, sex, age, ethnicity, marital status, smoking, area-level deprivation and NOx there was a 9.1μm (95% CI: -7.1, 25.2) increase in cIMT in association with 10dBA increase in night-time noise. Analyses by noise categories of 55-60dBA (16.2μm, 95% CI: -8.7, 41.2), and >60dBA (21.2μm, 95% CI: -2.5, 44.9) vs. <55dBA were also positive but non-significant, expect among those not using antihypertensive medication and exposed to >60dBA vs. <55dBA (32.6μm, 95% CI: 6.2, 59.0). Associations for SBP, DPB and hypertension were close to null. CONCLUSIONS After adjustments, including for air pollution, the association between night-time road traffic noise and cIMT was only observed among non-medication users but associations with blood pressure and hypertension were largely null.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaana I Halonen
- Small Area Health Statistics Unit, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
| | - Hakim-Moulay Dehbi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Anna L Hansell
- Small Area Health Statistics Unit, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom; Public Health and Primary Care, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - John Gulliver
- Small Area Health Statistics Unit, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniela Fecht
- Small Area Health Statistics Unit, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Blangiardo
- Small Area Health Statistics Unit, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Frank J Kelly
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Nish Chaturvedi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mika Kivimäki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Cathryn Tonne
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
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Wang Y, Wellenius GA, Hickson DA, Gjelsvik A, Eaton CB, Wyatt SB. Residential Proximity to Traffic-Related Pollution and Atherosclerosis in 4 Vascular Beds Among African-American Adults: Results From the Jackson Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol 2016; 184:732-743. [PMID: 27789446 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kww080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
To our knowledge, no study has investigated the association of long-term exposure to traffic pollution with markers of atherosclerosis in 4 vascular beds simultaneously in an all-African-American cohort. Among participants in the Jackson Heart Study (Jackson, Mississippi; baseline mean age = 55.5 (standard deviation, 12.7) years), we used linear regression to estimate percent differences in carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) at baseline (2004) and used modified Poisson regression (robust error variance) to estimate prevalence ratios for peripheral artery disease (PAD), coronary artery calcification (CAC), and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) at the first follow-up visit (2005-2008) for persons living less than 150 m (versus more than 300 m) from major roadways, adjusting for confounders. Living less than 150 m from such roadways was associated with a significant 6.67% (95% confidence interval: 1.28, 12.35) increase in CIMT (4,800 participants). PAD prevalence among persons living less than 150 m from a major roadway was 1.17 (95% confidence interval: 0.73, 1.86) times that of persons living more than 300 m away (4,443 participants), but this result was not statistically significant. There was no association for CAC or AAC. The association with CIMT was stronger in participants with a cardiovascular disease history than in those without one (P = 0.04). We observed an association in the carotid vascular beds but not the coronary, abdominal, or peripheral vascular beds. Our results highlight the need to consider residential proximity to roadways as a potential cardiovascular disease risk factor for blacks.
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Aguilera I, Dratva J, Caviezel S, Burdet L, de Groot E, Ducret-Stich RE, Eeftens M, Keidel D, Meier R, Perez L, Rothe T, Schaffner E, Schmit-Trucksäss A, Tsai MY, Schindler C, Künzli N, Probst-Hensch N. Particulate Matter and Subclinical Atherosclerosis: Associations between Different Particle Sizes and Sources with Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in the SAPALDIA Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2016; 124:1700-1706. [PMID: 27258721 PMCID: PMC5089877 DOI: 10.1289/ehp161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subclinical atherosclerosis has been associated with long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM), but the relevance of particle size and sources of exposure remains unclear. OBJECTIVES We investigated the association of long-term exposure to PM10 (≤ 10 μm), PM2.5 (≤ 2.5 μm: total mass, vehicular, and crustal sources), and ultrafine particles [UFP < 0.1 μm: particle number concentration (PNC) and lung-deposited surface area (LDSA)] with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). METHODS We used data from 1,503 participants ≥ 50 years old who participated in the third examination of the Swiss SAPALDIA cohort. Exposures were obtained from dispersion models and land-use regression models. Covariate information, including previous cardiovascular risk factors, was obtained from the second and third SAPALDIA examinations. RESULTS The adjusted percent difference in CIMT associated with an exposure contrast between the 10th and 90th percentile was 1.58% (95% CI: -0.30, 3.47%) for PM10, 2.10% (95% CI: 0.04, 4.16%) for PM2.5, 1.67% (95% CI: -0.13, 3.48%) for the vehicular source of PM2.5, -0.58% (95% CI: -3.95, 2.79%) for the crustal source of PM2.5, 2.06% (95% CI: 0.03, 4.10%) for PNC, and 2.32% (95% CI: 0.23, 4.40%) for LDSA. Stronger associations were observed among diabetics, subjects with low-educational level, and those at higher cardiovascular risk. CONCLUSIONS CIMT was associated with exposure to PM10, PM2.5, and UFP. The PM2.5 source-specific analysis showed a positive association for the vehicular source but not for the crustal source. Although the effects of PNC and LDSA were similar in magnitude, two-pollutant and residual-based models suggested that LDSA may be a better marker for the health relevance of UFP. Citation: Aguilera I, Dratva J, Caviezel S, Burdet L, de Groot E, Ducret-Stich RE, Eeftens M, Keidel D, Meier R, Perez L, Rothe T, Schaffner E, Schmit-Trucksäss A, Tsai MY, Schindler C, Künzli N, Probst-Hensch N. 2016. Particulate matter and subclinical atherosclerosis: associations between different particle sizes and sources with carotid intima-media thickness in the SAPALDIA study. Environ Health Perspect 124:1700-1706; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP161.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Aguilera
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Address correspondence to I. Aguilera, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland. Telephone: 41 61 284 81 11. E-mail:
| | - Julia Dratva
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Seraina Caviezel
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luc Burdet
- Hôpital Intercantonal de la Broye, Payerne, Switzerland
| | - Eric de Groot
- Imagelabonline and Cardiovascular, Eindhoven and Lunteren, the Netherlands
| | - Regina E. Ducret-Stich
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marloes Eeftens
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Keidel
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Reto Meier
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laura Perez
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Rothe
- Zürcher Höhenklinik Davos, Davos Clavadel, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Schaffner
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arno Schmit-Trucksäss
- Division Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ming-Yi Tsai
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Christian Schindler
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nino Künzli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Chan EAW, Buckley B, Farraj AK, Thompson LC. The heart as an extravascular target of endothelin-1 in particulate matter-induced cardiac dysfunction. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 165:63-78. [PMID: 27222357 PMCID: PMC6390286 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to particulate matter air pollution has been causally linked to cardiovascular disease in humans. Several broad and overlapping hypotheses describing the biological mechanisms by which particulate matter exposure leads to cardiovascular disease have been explored, although linkage with specific factors or genes remains limited. These hypotheses may or may not also lead to particulate matter-induced cardiac dysfunction. Evidence pointing to autocrine/paracrine signaling systems as modulators of cardiac dysfunction has increased interest in the emerging role of endothelins as mediators of cardiac function following particulate matter exposure. Endothelin-1, a well-described small peptide expressed in the pulmonary and cardiovascular systems, is best known for its ability to constrict blood vessels, although it can also induce extravascular effects. Research on the role of endothelins in the context of air pollution has largely focused on vascular effects, with limited investigation of responses resulting from the direct effects of endothelins on cardiac tissue. This represents a significant knowledge gap in air pollution health effects research, given the abundance of endothelin receptors found on cardiac tissue and the ability of endothelin-1 to modulate cardiac contractility, heart rate, and rhythm. The plausibility of endothelin-1 as a mediator of particulate matter-induced cardiac dysfunction is further supported by the therapeutic utility of certain endothelin receptor antagonists. The present review examines the possibility that endothelin-1 release caused by exposure to PM directly modulates extravascular effects on the heart, deleteriously altering cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A W Chan
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) Fellow at the National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Barbara Buckley
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Aimen K Farraj
- Environmental Public Health Division, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Leslie C Thompson
- Environmental Public Health Division, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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Lee HJ, Chatfield RB, Strawa AW. Enhancing the Applicability of Satellite Remote Sensing for PM2.5 Estimation Using MODIS Deep Blue AOD and Land Use Regression in California, United States. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:6546-55. [PMID: 27218887 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b01438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We estimated daily ground-level PM2.5 concentrations combining Collection 6 deep blue (DB) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aerosol optical depth (AOD) data (10 km resolution) with land use regression in California, United States, for the period 2006-2012. The Collection 6 DB method for AOD provided more reliable data retrievals over California's bright surface areas than previous data sets. Our DB AOD and PM2.5 data suggested that the PM2.5 predictability could be enhanced by temporally varying PM2.5 and AOD relations at least at a seasonal scale. In this study, we used a mixed effects model that allowed daily variations in DB AOD-PM2.5 relations. Because DB AOD might less effectively represent local source emissions compared to regional ones, we added geographic information system (GIS) predictors into the mixed effects model to further explain PM2.5 concentrations influenced by local sources. A cross validation (CV) mixed effects model revealed reasonably high predictive power for PM2.5 concentrations with R(2) = 0.66. The relations between DB AOD and PM2.5 considerably varied by day, and seasonally varying effects of GIS predictors on PM2.5 suggest season-specific source emissions and atmospheric conditions. This study indicates that DB AOD in combination with land use regression can be particularly useful to generate spatially resolved PM2.5 estimates. This may reduce exposure errors for health effect studies in California. We expect that more detailed PM2.5 concentration patterns can help air quality management plan to meet air quality standards more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Joo Lee
- NASA Postdoctoral Program, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, United States
- Earth Sciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, United States
| | - Robert B Chatfield
- Earth Sciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, United States
| | - Anthony W Strawa
- New Pursuits Office, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, United States
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Dorans KS, Wilker EH, Li W, Rice MB, Ljungman PL, Schwartz J, Coull BA, Kloog I, Koutrakis P, D'Agostino RB, Massaro JM, Hoffmann U, O'Donnell CJ, Mittleman MA. Residential Proximity to Major Roads, Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter, and Coronary Artery Calcium: The Framingham Heart Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:1679-85. [PMID: 27312220 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.307141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Long-term exposure to traffic and particulate matter air pollution is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, potentially via atherosclerosis promotion. Prior research on associations of traffic and particulate matter with coronary artery calcium Agatston score (CAC), an atherosclerosis correlate, has yielded inconsistent findings. Given this background, we assessed whether residential proximity to major roadway or fine particulate matter were associated with CAC in a Northeastern US study. APPROACH AND RESULTS We measured CAC ≤2 times from 2002 to 2005 and 2008 to 2011 among Framingham Offspring or Third-Generation Cohort participants. We assessed associations of residential distance to major roadway and residential fine particulate matter (2003 average; spatiotemporal model) with detectable CAC, using generalized estimating equation regression. We used linear mixed effects models to assess associations with loge(CAC). We also assessed associations with CAC progression. Models were adjusted for demographic variables, socioeconomic position markers, and time. Among 3399 participants, 51% had CAC measured twice. CAC was detectable in 47% of observations. At first scan, mean age was 52.2 years (standard deviation 11.7); 51% male. There were no consistent associations with detectable CAC, continuous CAC, or CAC progression. We observed heterogeneous associations of distance to major roadway with odds of detectable CAC by hypertensive status; interpretation of these findings is questionable. CONCLUSIONS Our findings add to prior work and support evidence against strong associations of traffic or fine particulate matter with the presence, extent, or progression of CAC in a region with relatively low levels of and little variation in fine particulate matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten S Dorans
- From the Department of Epidemiology (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., J.S., M.A.M.), Department of Environmental Health (E.H.W., J.S., P.K.), and Department of Biostatistics (B.A.C.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., M.B.R., P.L.L., M.A.M.), Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (M.B.R.), Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital (U.H.), and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (C.J.O.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Unit of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (P.L.L.); Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel (I.K.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (R.B.D., J.M.M., C.J.O.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, MA (R.B.D.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (J.M.M.); and Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Veteran's Administration Health System, Boston, MA (C.J.O.)
| | - Elissa H Wilker
- From the Department of Epidemiology (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., J.S., M.A.M.), Department of Environmental Health (E.H.W., J.S., P.K.), and Department of Biostatistics (B.A.C.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., M.B.R., P.L.L., M.A.M.), Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (M.B.R.), Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital (U.H.), and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (C.J.O.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Unit of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (P.L.L.); Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel (I.K.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (R.B.D., J.M.M., C.J.O.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, MA (R.B.D.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (J.M.M.); and Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Veteran's Administration Health System, Boston, MA (C.J.O.)
| | - Wenyuan Li
- From the Department of Epidemiology (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., J.S., M.A.M.), Department of Environmental Health (E.H.W., J.S., P.K.), and Department of Biostatistics (B.A.C.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., M.B.R., P.L.L., M.A.M.), Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (M.B.R.), Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital (U.H.), and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (C.J.O.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Unit of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (P.L.L.); Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel (I.K.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (R.B.D., J.M.M., C.J.O.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, MA (R.B.D.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (J.M.M.); and Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Veteran's Administration Health System, Boston, MA (C.J.O.)
| | - Mary B Rice
- From the Department of Epidemiology (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., J.S., M.A.M.), Department of Environmental Health (E.H.W., J.S., P.K.), and Department of Biostatistics (B.A.C.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., M.B.R., P.L.L., M.A.M.), Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (M.B.R.), Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital (U.H.), and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (C.J.O.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Unit of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (P.L.L.); Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel (I.K.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (R.B.D., J.M.M., C.J.O.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, MA (R.B.D.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (J.M.M.); and Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Veteran's Administration Health System, Boston, MA (C.J.O.)
| | - Petter L Ljungman
- From the Department of Epidemiology (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., J.S., M.A.M.), Department of Environmental Health (E.H.W., J.S., P.K.), and Department of Biostatistics (B.A.C.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., M.B.R., P.L.L., M.A.M.), Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (M.B.R.), Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital (U.H.), and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (C.J.O.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Unit of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (P.L.L.); Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel (I.K.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (R.B.D., J.M.M., C.J.O.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, MA (R.B.D.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (J.M.M.); and Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Veteran's Administration Health System, Boston, MA (C.J.O.)
| | - Joel Schwartz
- From the Department of Epidemiology (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., J.S., M.A.M.), Department of Environmental Health (E.H.W., J.S., P.K.), and Department of Biostatistics (B.A.C.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., M.B.R., P.L.L., M.A.M.), Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (M.B.R.), Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital (U.H.), and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (C.J.O.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Unit of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (P.L.L.); Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel (I.K.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (R.B.D., J.M.M., C.J.O.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, MA (R.B.D.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (J.M.M.); and Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Veteran's Administration Health System, Boston, MA (C.J.O.)
| | - Brent A Coull
- From the Department of Epidemiology (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., J.S., M.A.M.), Department of Environmental Health (E.H.W., J.S., P.K.), and Department of Biostatistics (B.A.C.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., M.B.R., P.L.L., M.A.M.), Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (M.B.R.), Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital (U.H.), and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (C.J.O.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Unit of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (P.L.L.); Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel (I.K.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (R.B.D., J.M.M., C.J.O.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, MA (R.B.D.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (J.M.M.); and Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Veteran's Administration Health System, Boston, MA (C.J.O.)
| | - Itai Kloog
- From the Department of Epidemiology (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., J.S., M.A.M.), Department of Environmental Health (E.H.W., J.S., P.K.), and Department of Biostatistics (B.A.C.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., M.B.R., P.L.L., M.A.M.), Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (M.B.R.), Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital (U.H.), and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (C.J.O.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Unit of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (P.L.L.); Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel (I.K.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (R.B.D., J.M.M., C.J.O.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, MA (R.B.D.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (J.M.M.); and Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Veteran's Administration Health System, Boston, MA (C.J.O.)
| | - Petros Koutrakis
- From the Department of Epidemiology (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., J.S., M.A.M.), Department of Environmental Health (E.H.W., J.S., P.K.), and Department of Biostatistics (B.A.C.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., M.B.R., P.L.L., M.A.M.), Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (M.B.R.), Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital (U.H.), and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (C.J.O.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Unit of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (P.L.L.); Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel (I.K.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (R.B.D., J.M.M., C.J.O.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, MA (R.B.D.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (J.M.M.); and Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Veteran's Administration Health System, Boston, MA (C.J.O.)
| | - Ralph B D'Agostino
- From the Department of Epidemiology (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., J.S., M.A.M.), Department of Environmental Health (E.H.W., J.S., P.K.), and Department of Biostatistics (B.A.C.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., M.B.R., P.L.L., M.A.M.), Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (M.B.R.), Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital (U.H.), and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (C.J.O.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Unit of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (P.L.L.); Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel (I.K.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (R.B.D., J.M.M., C.J.O.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, MA (R.B.D.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (J.M.M.); and Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Veteran's Administration Health System, Boston, MA (C.J.O.)
| | - Joseph M Massaro
- From the Department of Epidemiology (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., J.S., M.A.M.), Department of Environmental Health (E.H.W., J.S., P.K.), and Department of Biostatistics (B.A.C.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., M.B.R., P.L.L., M.A.M.), Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (M.B.R.), Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital (U.H.), and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (C.J.O.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Unit of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (P.L.L.); Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel (I.K.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (R.B.D., J.M.M., C.J.O.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, MA (R.B.D.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (J.M.M.); and Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Veteran's Administration Health System, Boston, MA (C.J.O.)
| | - Udo Hoffmann
- From the Department of Epidemiology (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., J.S., M.A.M.), Department of Environmental Health (E.H.W., J.S., P.K.), and Department of Biostatistics (B.A.C.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., M.B.R., P.L.L., M.A.M.), Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (M.B.R.), Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital (U.H.), and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (C.J.O.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Unit of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (P.L.L.); Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel (I.K.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (R.B.D., J.M.M., C.J.O.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, MA (R.B.D.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (J.M.M.); and Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Veteran's Administration Health System, Boston, MA (C.J.O.)
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- From the Department of Epidemiology (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., J.S., M.A.M.), Department of Environmental Health (E.H.W., J.S., P.K.), and Department of Biostatistics (B.A.C.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., M.B.R., P.L.L., M.A.M.), Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (M.B.R.), Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital (U.H.), and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (C.J.O.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Unit of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (P.L.L.); Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel (I.K.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (R.B.D., J.M.M., C.J.O.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, MA (R.B.D.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (J.M.M.); and Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Veteran's Administration Health System, Boston, MA (C.J.O.)
| | - Murray A Mittleman
- From the Department of Epidemiology (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., J.S., M.A.M.), Department of Environmental Health (E.H.W., J.S., P.K.), and Department of Biostatistics (B.A.C.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (K.S.D., E.H.W., W.L., M.B.R., P.L.L., M.A.M.), Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (M.B.R.), Cardiac MR PET CT Program, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital (U.H.), and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital (C.J.O.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Unit of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (P.L.L.); Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel (I.K.); National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (R.B.D., J.M.M., C.J.O.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, MA (R.B.D.); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (J.M.M.); and Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Veteran's Administration Health System, Boston, MA (C.J.O.).
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McGuinn LA, Ward-Caviness CK, Neas LM, Schneider A, Diaz-Sanchez D, Cascio WE, Kraus WE, Hauser E, Dowdy E, Haynes C, Chudnovsky A, Koutrakis P, Devlin RB. Association between satellite-based estimates of long-term PM2.5 exposure and coronary artery disease. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 145:9-17. [PMID: 26613345 PMCID: PMC4706491 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have identified associations between long-term PM2.5 exposure and cardiovascular events, though most have relied on concentrations from central-site air quality monitors. METHODS We utilized a cohort of 5679 patients who had undergone cardiac catheterization at Duke University between 2002-2009 and resided in North Carolina. We used estimates of daily PM2.5 concentrations for North Carolina during the study period based on satellite derived Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) measurements and PM2.5 concentrations from ground monitors, which were spatially resolved with a 10×10km resolution, matched to each patient's residential address and averaged for the year prior to catheterization. The Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) index was used to measure severity of CAD; scores >23 represent a hemodynamically significant coronary artery lesion in at least one major coronary vessel. Logistic regression modeled odds of having CAD or an MI with each 1μg/m(3) increase in annual average PM2.5, adjusting for sex, race, smoking status and socioeconomic status. RESULTS In adjusted models, a 1μg/m(3) increase in annual average PM2.5 was associated with an 11.1% relative increase in the odds of significant CAD (95% CI: 4.0-18.6%) and a 14.2% increase in the odds of having a myocardial infarction (MI) within a year prior (95% CI: 3.7-25.8%). CONCLUSIONS Satellite-based estimates of long-term PM2.5 exposure were associated with both coronary artery disease (CAD) and incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) in a cohort of cardiac catheterization patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A McGuinn
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Cavin K Ward-Caviness
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology II, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Alexandra Schneider
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology II, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | | | - William E Kraus
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | | | - Elaine Dowdy
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Carol Haynes
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Alexandra Chudnovsky
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Geography and Human Environment, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Petros Koutrakis
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
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Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and serum leptin in older adults: results from the MOBILIZE Boston study. J Occup Environ Med 2015; 56:e73-7. [PMID: 25192230 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000000253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution has been linked to increased risk of obesity and diabetes and may be associated with higher serum levels of the adipokine leptin, but this hypothesis has not been previously evaluated in humans. METHODS In a cohort of older adults, we estimated the association between serum leptin concentrations and two markers of long-term exposure to traffic pollution, adjusting for participant characteristics, temporal trends, socioeconomic factors, and medical history. RESULTS An interquartile range increase (0.11 μg/m) in annual mean residential black carbon was associated with 12% (95% confidence interval: 3%, 22%) higher leptin levels. Leptin levels were not associated with residential distance to major roadway. CONCLUSIONS If confirmed, these findings support the emerging evidence suggesting that certain sources of traffic pollution may be associated with adverse cardiometabolic effects.
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Liu X, Lian H, Ruan Y, Liang R, Zhao X, Routledge M, Fan Z. Association of Exposure to particular matter and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:12924-40. [PMID: 26501300 PMCID: PMC4627008 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph121012924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Long time exposure to particular matter has been linked to myocardial infarction, stroke and blood pressure, but its association with atherosclerosis is not clear. This meta-analysis was aimed at assessing whether PM2.5 and PM10 have an effect on subclinical atherosclerosis measured by carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). Methods: Pubmed, Ovid Medline, Embase and NICK between 1948 and 31 March 2015 were searched by combining the keywords about exposure to the outcome related words. The random-effects model was applied in computing the change of CIMT and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The effect of potential confounding factors was assessed by stratified analysis and the impact of traffic proximity was also estimated. Results: Among 56 identified studies, 11 articles satisfied the inclusion criteria. In overall analysis increments of 10 μg/m3 in PM2.5 and PM10 were associated with an increase of CIMT (16.79 μm; 95% CI, 4.95–28.63 μm and 4.13 μm; 95% CI, −5.79–14.04 μm, respectively). Results shown in subgroup analysis had reference value for comparing with those of the overall analysis. The impact of traffic proximity on CIMT was uncertain. Conclusions: Exposure to PM2.5 had a significant association with CIMT and for women the effect may be more obvious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaole Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Hui Lian
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Yanping Ruan
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Ruijuan Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Xiaoyi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Michael Routledge
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Zhongjie Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
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Abstract
Environmental exposure is an important but underappreciated risk factor contributing to the development and severity of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The heart and vascular system are highly vulnerable to a number of environmental agents--ambient air pollution and the metals arsenic, cadmium, and lead are widespread and the most-extensively studied. Like traditional risk factors, such as smoking and diabetes mellitus, these exposures advance disease and mortality via augmentation or initiation of pathophysiological processes associated with CVD, including blood-pressure control, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, vascular function, and atherogenesis. Although residence in highly polluted areas is associated with high levels of cardiovascular risk, adverse effects on cardiovascular health also occur at exposure levels below current regulatory standards. Considering the widespread prevalence of exposure, even modest contributions to CVD risk can have a substantial effect on population health. Evidence-based clinical and public-health strategies aimed at reducing environmental exposures from current levels could substantially lower the burden of CVD-related death and disability worldwide.
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PM2.5 and Cardiovascular Diseases in the Elderly: An Overview. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:8187-97. [PMID: 26193289 PMCID: PMC4515716 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120708187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the elderly and the ambient concentration of PM2.5 has been associated with several cardiovascular diseases. Methods: We describe the present state of planetary air pollution, analyze epidemiological studies linking PM2.5 and CVD, and discuss multiple pathophysiological mechanisms linking PM2.5 and CVD. Results: A few epidemiological studies show that the elderly appear specifically susceptible to adverse cardiovascular effects triggered by PM2.5 exposure. Plausible pathophysiological mechanisms include inflammatory dysfunction, oxidative stress, abnormal activation of the hemostatic system and disturbance of the autonomic nervous system. Conclusions: An in-depth knowledge of the chemical compounds, pathophysiological mechanisms, and epidemiological studies of PM2.5 are recommended to understand this important and modifiable factor contributing to geriatric CVD burden. We offer public health recommendations to reduce this preventable cause of disease and death.
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Perez L, Wolf K, Hennig F, Penell J, Basagaña X, Foraster M, Aguilera I, Agis D, Beelen R, Brunekreef B, Cyrys J, Fuks KB, Adam M, Baldassarre D, Cirach M, Elosua R, Dratva J, Hampel R, Koenig W, Marrugat J, de Faire U, Pershagen G, Probst-Hensch NM, de Nazelle A, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Rathmann W, Rivera M, Seissler J, Schindler C, Thiery J, Hoffmann B, Peters A, Künzli N. Air pollution and atherosclerosis: a cross-sectional analysis of four European cohort studies in the ESCAPE study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2015; 123:597-605. [PMID: 25625785 PMCID: PMC4455580 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1307711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In four European cohorts, we investigated the cross-sectional association between long-term exposure to air pollution and intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery (CIMT), a preclinical marker of atherosclerosis. METHODS Individually assigned levels of nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5), absorbance of PM2.5 (PM2.5abs), PM10, PMcoarse, and two indicators of residential proximity to highly trafficked roads were obtained under a standard exposure protocol (European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects-ESCAPE study) in the Stockholm area (Sweden), the Ausburg and Ruhr area (Germany), and the Girona area (Spain). We used linear regression and meta-analyses to examine the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and CIMT. RESULTS The meta-analysis with 9,183 individuals resulted in an estimated increase in CIMT (geometric mean) of 0.72% (95% CI: -0.65%, 2.10%) per 5-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and 0.42% (95% CI: -0.46%, 1.30%) per 10-5/m increase in PM2.5abs. Living in proximity to high traffic was also positively but not significantly associated with CIMT. Meta-analytic estimates for other pollutants were inconsistent. Results were similar across different adjustment sets and sensitivity analyses. In an extended meta-analysis for PM2.5 with three other previously published studies, a 0.78% (95% CI: -0.18%, 1.75%) increase in CIMT was estimated for a 5-μg/m3 contrast in PM2.5. CONCLUSIONS Using a standardized exposure and analytical protocol in four European cohorts, we found that cross-sectional associations between CIMT and the eight ESCAPE markers of long-term residential air pollution exposure did not reach statistical significance. The additional meta-analysis of CIMT and PM2.5 across all published studies also was positive but not significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Perez
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
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Provost EB, Madhloum N, Int Panis L, De Boever P, Nawrot TS. Carotid intima-media thickness, a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, and particulate air pollution exposure: the meta-analytical evidence. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127014. [PMID: 25970426 PMCID: PMC4430520 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Studies on the association between atherosclerosis and long-term exposure to ambient air pollution suggest that carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, is positively associated with particulate matter (PM) exposure. However, there is heterogeneity between the different studies concerning the magnitude of this association. We performed a meta-analysis to determine the strength of the association between CIMT and particulate air pollution. Methods We queried PubMed citation database and Web of Knowledge up to March 2015 in order to identify studies on CIMT and particulate air pollution. Two investigators selected and computerized all relevant information, independently. Eight of the reviewed epidemiological publications provided sufficient details and met our inclusion criteria. Descriptive and quantitative information was extracted from each selected study. The meta-analysis included 18,349 participants from eight cohorts for the cross-sectional association between CIMT and PM and 7,268 participants from three cohorts for the longitudinal analysis on CIMT progression and PM exposure. Results The average exposure to PM2.5 in the different study populations ranged from 4.1 to 20.8 µg/m3 and CIMT averaged (SD) 0.73 (0.14) mm. We computed a pooled estimate from a random-effects model. In the combined cross-sectional studies, an increase of 5 µg/m3 PM2.5 was associated with a 1.66% (95% CI: 0.86 to 2.46; P<0.0001) thicker CIMT, which corresponds to an average increase of 12.1 µm. None of the studies moved the combined estimate outside the confidence interval of the overall estimate. A funnel plot suggested absence of publication bias. The combined longitudinal estimate showed for each 5 µg/m3 higher PM2.5 exposure, a 1.04 µm per year (95% CI: 0.01 to 2.07; P=0.048) greater CIMT progression. Conclusion Our meta-analysis supports the evidence of a positive association between CIMT, a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, and long-term exposure to particulate air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline B. Provost
- Centre for Environmental Sciences (CMK), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Environmental Risk and Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Narjes Madhloum
- Centre for Environmental Sciences (CMK), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Luc Int Panis
- Environmental Risk and Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
- School for Mobility (IMOB), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Patrick De Boever
- Centre for Environmental Sciences (CMK), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Environmental Risk and Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Tim S. Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences (CMK), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Leuven University (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: Few epidemiologic studies have investigated associations of air pollution with cognition in older adults, and none has specifically compared associations across particle sources. We investigated whether exposure to particulate air pollution, characterized by size and source, was associated with cognitive function and decline in cognitive function. Methods: We included participants of the Whitehall II cohort who were residents of greater London and who attended the medical examination in study wave 2007–2009 (n = 2867). Annual average concentrations of particulate matter (PM) (PM10 and PM2.5 from all sources and from traffic exhaust) were modeled at resolution of 20 × 20 m for 2003–2009. We investigated the relationship between exposure to particles and a cognitive battery composed of tests of reasoning, memory, and phonemic and semantic fluency. We also investigated exposure in relation to decline in these tests over 5 years. Results: Mean age of participants was 66 (standard deviation = 6) years. All particle metrics were associated with lower scores in reasoning and memory measured in the 2007–2009 wave but not with lower verbal fluency. Higher PM2.5 of 1.1 μg/m3 (lag 4) was associated with a 0.03 (95% confidence interval = −0.06 to 0.002) 5-year decline in standardized memory score and a 0.04 (−0.07 to −0.01) decline when restricted to participants remaining in London between study waves. Conclusions: This study provides support for an association between particulate air pollution and some measures of cognitive function, as well as decline over time in cognition; however, it does not support the hypothesis that traffic-related particles are more strongly associated with cognitive function than particles from all sources.
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Turner MD, Henze DK, Hakami A, Zhao S, Resler J, Carmichael GR, Stanier CO, Baek J, Sandu A, Russell AG, Nenes A, Jeong GR, Capps SL, Percell PB, Pinder RW, Napelenok SL, Bash JO, Chai T. Differences between magnitudes and health impacts of BC emissions across the United States using 12 km scale seasonal source apportionment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:4362-4371. [PMID: 25729920 DOI: 10.1021/es505968b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent assessments have analyzed the health impacts of PM2.5 from emissions from different locations and sectors using simplified or reduced-form air quality models. Here we present an alternative approach using the adjoint of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model, which provides source-receptor relationships at highly resolved sectoral, spatial, and temporal scales. While damage resulting from anthropogenic emissions of BC is strongly correlated with population and premature death, we found little correlation between damage and emission magnitude, suggesting that controls on the largest emissions may not be the most efficient means of reducing damage resulting from anthropogenic BC emissions. Rather, the best proxy for locations with damaging BC emissions is locations where premature deaths occur. Onroad diesel and nonroad vehicle emissions are the largest contributors to premature deaths attributed to exposure to BC, while onroad gasoline emissions cause the highest deaths per amount emitted. Emissions in fall and winter contribute to more premature deaths (and more per amount emitted) than emissions in spring and summer. Overall, these results show the value of the high-resolution source attribution for determining the locations, seasons, and sectors for which BC emission controls have the most effective health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Turner
- †Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Daven K Henze
- †Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Amir Hakami
- ‡Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Shunliu Zhao
- ‡Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Jaroslav Resler
- §Nonlinear Modeling, Institute of Computer Science, Prague 182 07, Czech Republic
| | - Gregory R Carmichael
- ∥Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Charles O Stanier
- ∥Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Jaemeen Baek
- ∥Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Adrian Sandu
- ⊥Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | | | - Athanasios Nenes
- ▲School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Tech, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Gill-Ran Jeong
- ◇Korea Institute of Atmospheric Prediction Systems, Seoul 156-849, Republic of Korea
| | - Shannon L Capps
- □Atmospheric Modeling and Analysis Division, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
| | - Peter B Percell
- ◆Department of Geosciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Rob W Pinder
- □Atmospheric Modeling and Analysis Division, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
| | - Sergey L Napelenok
- □Atmospheric Modeling and Analysis Division, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
| | - Jesse O Bash
- □Atmospheric Modeling and Analysis Division, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
| | - Tianfeng Chai
- ■College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- △Air Resources Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
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Residential exposure to urban traffic is associated with increased carotid intima-media thickness in children. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 2015:713540. [PMID: 25685160 PMCID: PMC4306396 DOI: 10.1155/2015/713540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to urban traffic pollution is documented to promote atherosclerosis in adults but little is known about its potential effects in children. Our study examined the association of long-term exposure to traffic with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in 287 healthy children. Residential proximity and distance-weighted traffic density (DWTD) were used as proximity markers for traffic-related air pollution exposure. The multivariable analyses revealed that children residing <100 meters from the nearest heavily trafficked road had cIMT mean and maximum measurements that were increased by 15% and 11% compared to those living ≥ 200 meters away (P = 0.0001). Similar increases in cIMT were identified for children in the highest versus lowest DWTD tertile. Children who resided 100–199 meters from traffic or in the middle DWTD tertile also exhibited increased cIMT but these differences were not statistically significant. No statistically significant differences were identified between residential distance to traffic or DWTD and systemic inflammation indicators (CRP, IL-6). The study results suggest that exposure to urban traffic promotes arterial remodeling in children. This finding is important since even small increases in cIMT over time can potentially lead to earlier progression to atherosclerosis. It is also important because traffic-related pollution is potentially modifiable.
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Newby DE, Mannucci PM, Tell GS, Baccarelli AA, Brook RD, Donaldson K, Forastiere F, Franchini M, Franco OH, Graham I, Hoek G, Hoffmann B, Hoylaerts MF, Künzli N, Mills N, Pekkanen J, Peters A, Piepoli MF, Rajagopalan S, Storey RF. Expert position paper on air pollution and cardiovascular disease. Eur Heart J 2015; 36:83-93b. [PMID: 25492627 PMCID: PMC6279152 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehu458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 535] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David E Newby
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Pier M Mannucci
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS Cà Granda Foundation Maggiore Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Grethe S Tell
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert D Brook
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ken Donaldson
- Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Massimo Franchini
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haematology, Azienda Ospedaliera Carlo Poma, Mantova, Italy
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ian Graham
- Department of Cardiology, Charlemont Cardiology, Charlemont Mall, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Barbara Hoffmann
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine and Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marc F Hoylaerts
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nino Künzli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas Mills
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Juha Pekkanen
- Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany German Center for Cardiovacular Disease Research (DZHK), Munich-Site, Munich, Germany
| | - Massimo F Piepoli
- Heart Failure Unit, Cardiology, G da Saliceto Hospital, AUSL Piacenza, Italy
| | | | - Robert F Storey
- Department of Cardiovascular Science, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
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Liu K, Xiao Z, Ma P, Chen J, Li M, Liu Q, Wang Y, Wang D. Large scale poly(vinyl alcohol-co-ethylene)/TiO2hybrid nanofibrous filters with efficient fine particle filtration and repetitive-use performance. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra15620c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A high-yielding nanofiber-based filtration material with excellent performance was developed and provides a promising way to control the severe air pollution at present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Zuan Xiao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Pengfei Ma
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Mufang Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Qiongzhen Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Yuedan Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
| | - Dong Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Wuhan Textile University
- Wuhan 430200
- China
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The risks of acute exposure to black carbon in Southern Europe: results from the MED-PARTICLES project. Occup Environ Med 2014; 72:123-9. [DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2014-102184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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