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Lin H, Gao W, Li J, Zhao N, Zhang H, Wei J, Wei X, Wang B, Lin Y, Zheng Y. Exploring Prenatal Exposure to Halogenated Compounds and Its Relationship with Birth Outcomes Using Nontarget Analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:6890-6899. [PMID: 38606954 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Halogenated organic compounds (HOCs) are a class of contaminants showing high toxicity, low biodegradability, and high bioaccumulation potential, especially chlorinated and brominated HOCs (Cl/Br-HOCs). Knowledge gaps exist on whether novel Cl/Br-HOCs could penetrate the placental barrier and cause adverse birth outcomes. Herein, 326 cord blood samples were collected in a hospital in Jinan, Shandong Province from February 2017 to January 2022, and 44 Cl/Br-HOCs were identified with communicating confidence level above 4 based on a nontarget approach, covering veterinary drugs, pesticides, and their transformation products, pharmaceutical and personal care products, disinfection byproducts, and so on. To our knowledge, the presence of closantel, bromoxynil, 4-hydroxy-2,5,6-trichloroisophthalonitrile, 2,6-dibromo-4-nitrophenol, and related components in cord blood samples was reported for the first time. Both multiple linear regression (MLR) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were applied to evaluate the relationships of newborn birth outcomes (birth weight, length, and ponderal index) with individual Cl/Br-HOC and Cl/Br-HOCs mixture exposure, respectively. A significantly negative association was observed between pentachlorophenol exposure and newborn birth length, but the significance vanished after the false discovery rate correction. The BKMR analysis showed that Cl/Br-HOCs mixture exposure was significantly associated with reduced newborn birth length, indicating higher risks of fetal growth restriction. Our findings offer an overview of Cl/Br-HOCs exposome during the early life stage and enhance the understanding of its exposure risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Lin
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Hongna Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Juntong Wei
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiaoran Wei
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Biomedical Centre, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yongfeng Lin
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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2
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Yang F, Wan Y, Wang Y, Li S, Xu S, Xia W. Occurrence of pentachlorophenol in surface water from the upper to lower reaches of the Yangtze River and treated water in Wuhan, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:25589-25599. [PMID: 38478308 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32821-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Pentachlorophenol (PCP), a persistent organic pollutant, has been banned in many countries, but it is still used in China as a wood preservative, molluscicide, or reagent for fish-pond cleaning, which may pose risks to the ecosystem and humans. However, data on the occurrence of PCP in the environment are scarce in the recent decade. The Yangtze River was regarded as a priority area of PCP pollution according to previous documents. This study aimed to examine the spatial distribution of PCP in the Yangtze River water, the differences in dry and wet seasons, the ecological risk for aquatic organisms, and its removal efficiency in tap water treatment plants. The river water samples (n = 144) were collected from the upper, middle, and lower reaches across ten provinces (or municipalities) in December 2020 and June 2021, respectively. PCP was detected in 88.9% of all the samples, ranging from
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Yanjian Wan
- Center for Public Health Laboratory Service, Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention & Control, Wuhan, Hubei, 430024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Shulan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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3
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Duffel MW, Lehmler HJ. Complex roles for sulfation in the toxicities of polychlorinated biphenyls. Crit Rev Toxicol 2024; 54:92-122. [PMID: 38363552 PMCID: PMC11067068 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2024.2311270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic toxicants derived from legacy pollution sources and their formation as inadvertent byproducts of some current manufacturing processes. Metabolism of PCBs is often a critical component in their toxicity, and relevant metabolic pathways usually include their initial oxidation to form hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs). Subsequent sulfation of OH-PCBs was originally thought to be primarily a means of detoxication; however, there is strong evidence that it may also contribute to toxicities associated with PCBs and OH-PCBs. These contributions include either the direct interaction of PCB sulfates with receptors or their serving as a localized precursor for OH-PCBs. The formation of PCB sulfates is catalyzed by cytosolic sulfotransferases, and, when transported into the serum, these metabolites may be retained, taken up by other tissues, and subjected to hydrolysis catalyzed by intracellular sulfatase(s) to regenerate OH-PCBs. Dynamic cycling between PCB sulfates and OH-PCBs may lead to further metabolic activation of the resulting OH-PCBs. Ultimate toxic endpoints of such processes may include endocrine disruption, neurotoxicities, and many others that are associated with exposures to PCBs and OH-PCBs. This review highlights the current understanding of the complex roles that PCB sulfates can have in the toxicities of PCBs and OH-PCBs and research on the varied mechanisms that control these roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Duffel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, United States
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, United States
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4
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Song XC, Canellas E, Dreolin N, Goshawk J, Lv M, Qu G, Nerin C, Jiang G. Application of Ion Mobility Spectrometry and the Derived Collision Cross Section in the Analysis of Environmental Organic Micropollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:21485-21502. [PMID: 38091506 PMCID: PMC10753811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is a rapid gas-phase separation technique, which can distinguish ions on the basis of their size, shape, and charge. The IMS-derived collision cross section (CCS) can serve as additional identification evidence for the screening of environmental organic micropollutants (OMPs). In this work, we summarize the published experimental CCS values of environmental OMPs, introduce the current CCS prediction tools, summarize the use of IMS and CCS in the analysis of environmental OMPs, and finally discussed the benefits of IMS and CCS in environmental analysis. An up-to-date CCS compendium for environmental contaminants was produced by combining CCS databases and data sets of particular types of environmental OMPs, including pesticides, drugs, mycotoxins, steroids, plastic additives, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), as well as their well-known transformation products. A total of 9407 experimental CCS values from 4170 OMPs were retrieved from 23 publications, which contain both drift tube CCS in nitrogen (DTCCSN2) and traveling wave CCS in nitrogen (TWCCSN2). A selection of publicly accessible and in-house CCS prediction tools were also investigated; the chemical space covered by the training set and the quality of CCS measurements seem to be vital factors affecting the CCS prediction accuracy. Then, the applications of IMS and the derived CCS in the screening of various OMPs were summarized, and the benefits of IMS and CCS, including increased peak capacity, the elimination of interfering ions, the separation of isomers, and the reduction of false positives and false negatives, were discussed in detail. With the improvement of the resolving power of IMS and enhancements of experimental CCS databases, the practicability of IMS in the analysis of environmental OMPs will continue to improve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Chao Song
- School
of the Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research
I3A, EINA, University of Zaragoza, Maria de Luna 3, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Elena Canellas
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research
I3A, EINA, University of Zaragoza, Maria de Luna 3, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Nicola Dreolin
- Waters
Corporation, Stamford
Avenue, Altrincham Road, SK9 4AX Wilmslow, United Kingdom
| | - Jeff Goshawk
- Waters
Corporation, Stamford
Avenue, Altrincham Road, SK9 4AX Wilmslow, United Kingdom
| | - Meilin Lv
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Research
Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of
Sciences, Northeastern University, 110819 Shenyang, China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- School
of the Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Institute
of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Cristina Nerin
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research
I3A, EINA, University of Zaragoza, Maria de Luna 3, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Guibin Jiang
- School
of the Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Institute
of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
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5
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van der Schyff V, Kalina J, Abballe A, Iamiceli AL, Govarts E, Melymuk L. Has Regulatory Action Reduced Human Exposure to Flame Retardants? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:19106-19124. [PMID: 37992205 PMCID: PMC10702444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Flame retardant (FR) exposure has been linked to several environmental and human health effects. Because of this, the production and use of several FRs are regulated globally. We reviewed the available records of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDDs) in human breast milk from literature to evaluate the efficacy of regulation to reduce the exposure of FRs to humans. Two-hundred and seven studies were used for analyses to determine the spatial and temporal trends of FR exposure. North America consistently had the highest concentrations of PBDEs, while Asia and Oceania dominated HBCDD exposure. BDE-49 and -99 indicated decreasing temporal trends in most regions. BDE-153, with a longer half-life than the aforementioned isomers, typically exhibited a plateau in breast milk levels. No conclusive trend could be established for HBCDD, and insufficient information was available to determine a temporal trend for BDE-209. Breakpoint analyses indicated a significant decrease in BDE-47 and -99 in Europe around the time that regulation has been implemented, suggesting a positive effect of regulation on FR exposure. However, very few studies have been conducted globally (specifically in North America) after 2013, during the time when the most recent regulations have been implemented. This meta-analysis provides insight into global trends in human exposure to PBDEs and HBCDD, but the remaining uncertainty highlights the need for ongoing evaluation and monitoring, even after a compound group is regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiří Kalina
- RECETOX,
Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 61137 Brno, Czech
Republic
| | - Annalisa Abballe
- Department
of Environment and Health, Italian National
Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Laura Iamiceli
- Department
of Environment and Health, Italian National
Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Eva Govarts
- VITO
Health, Flemish Institute for Technological
Research (VITO), 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Lisa Melymuk
- RECETOX,
Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 61137 Brno, Czech
Republic
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6
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De La Torre KM, Lee Y, Safar A, Laws MJ, Meling DD, Thompson LM, Streifer M, Weis KE, Raetzman LT, Gore AC, Flaws JA. Prenatal and postnatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls alter follicle numbers, gene expression, and a proliferation marker in the rat ovary. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 120:108427. [PMID: 37400041 PMCID: PMC10528725 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were used in industrial applications until they were banned in the 1970s, but they still persist in the environment. Little is known about the long-term effects of exposure to PCB mixtures on the rat ovary during critical developmental periods. Thus, this study tested whether prenatal and postnatal exposures to PCBs affect follicle numbers and gene expression in the ovaries of F1 offspring. Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with vehicle or Aroclor 1221 (A1221) at 1 mg/kg/day during embryonic days 8-18 and/or postnatal days (PND) 1-21. Ovaries from F1 rats were collected for assessment of follicle numbers and differential expression of estrogen receptor 1 (Esr1), estrogen receptor 2 (Esr2), androgen receptor (Ar), progesterone receptor (Pgr), and Ki-67 (Ki67) at PNDs 8, 32, and 60. Sera were collected for measurement of estradiol concentrations. Prenatal exposure to A1221 significantly decreased the number of primordial follicles and the total number of follicles at PND 32 compared to control. Postnatal PCB exposure borderline increased Ki67 gene expression and significantly increased Ki67 protein levels (PND 60) compared to control. Combined prenatal and postnatal PCB exposure borderline decreased Ar expression (PND 8) compared to control. However, PCB exposure did not significantly affect the expression of Pgr, Esr1, and Esr2 or serum estradiol concentrations compared to control at any time point. In conclusion, these data suggest that PCB exposure affects follicle numbers and levels of the proliferation marker Ki67, but it does not affect expression of some sex steroid hormone receptors in the rat ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy M De La Torre
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Yuna Lee
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Adira Safar
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Mary J Laws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Daryl D Meling
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Lindsay M Thompson
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Madeline Streifer
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Karen E Weis
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Lori T Raetzman
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Andrea C Gore
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
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7
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Yakout SM, Isa AM, El-Sayed AA, Aziz IM. Levels and profiles of pentabromodiphenyl ether contaminants in human breast milk from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 2023; 44:450-455. [PMID: 37182922 PMCID: PMC10187736 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2023.44.5.20220902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate levels of pentabromodiphenyl ether (PBDEs) in breast milk samples from healthy mothers who had lived in Riyadh for the last 5 years. METHODS In this cross sectional study, 75 samples were collected and were extracted, cleaned by solid-phase extraction (SPE) and PBDEs analysis was done using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS Total PBDEs (∑PBDEs) ranged from 0.2 to 3.6 ng/g lipid weight (lw). BDE-47, -153, -99, and -209 were the dominant congeners. The mothers in this study consumed more meat (69%), followed by the egg (50%), and milk (36%). The majority of donors consumed fish (44%) and egg (33%) 2 times per week. The majority of the participating mothers had completed higher education (68%). All PBDE congeners were detected in the human breast milk samples with high detection frequency (98%). The dominant congener was BDE 47, accounting more than 39% of all BDE congeners, followed by BDE-99 and BDEs 153 which accounted for18% and 12% of the total BDE congeners respectively. CONCLUSION Higher rates of meat and poultry consumption were positively associated with higher breast milk levels of ∑PBDEs. The significant levels of PBDEs that occur in the meat and poultry reared in Saudi Arabia need further investigation especially as Saudis among largest consumers of poultry meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobhy M. Yakout
- From the Department of Biochemistry (Yakout), College of Science; from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Isa, El-Sayed), College of Medicine; from the Department of Botany and Microbiology (Aziz), College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. Isa
- From the Department of Biochemistry (Yakout), College of Science; from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Isa, El-Sayed), College of Medicine; from the Department of Botany and Microbiology (Aziz), College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Amel A. El-Sayed
- From the Department of Biochemistry (Yakout), College of Science; from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Isa, El-Sayed), College of Medicine; from the Department of Botany and Microbiology (Aziz), College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M. Aziz
- From the Department of Biochemistry (Yakout), College of Science; from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Isa, El-Sayed), College of Medicine; from the Department of Botany and Microbiology (Aziz), College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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8
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Mouat JS, Li X, Neier K, Zhu Y, Mordaunt CE, La Merrill MA, Lehmler HJ, Jones MP, Lein PJ, Schmidt RJ, LaSalle JM. Networks of placental DNA methylation correlate with maternal serum PCB concentrations and child neurodevelopment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 220:115227. [PMID: 36608759 PMCID: PMC10518186 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) has been associated with elevated risk for neurodevelopmental disorders. Placental epigenetics may serve as a potential mechanism of risk or marker of altered placental function. Prior studies have associated differential placental DNA methylation with maternal PCB exposure or with increased risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, sequencing-based placental methylomes have not previously been tested for simultaneous associations with maternal PCB levels and child neurodevelopmental outcomes. OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify placental DNA methylation patterns associated with maternal PCB levels and child neurodevelopmental outcomes in the high-risk ASD MARBLES cohort. METHODS We measured 209 PCB congeners in 104 maternal serum samples collected at delivery. We identified networks of DNA methylation from 147 placenta samples using the Comethyl R package, which performs weighted gene correlation network analysis for whole genome bisulfite sequencing data. We tested placental DNA methylation modules for association with maternal serum PCB levels, child neurodevelopment, and other participant traits. RESULTS PCBs 153 + 168, 170, 180 + 193, and 187 were detected in over 50% of maternal serum samples and were highly correlated with one another. Consistent with previous findings, maternal age was the strongest predictor of serum PCB levels, alongside year of sample collection, pre-pregnancy BMI, and polyunsaturated fatty acid levels. Twenty seven modules of placental DNA methylation were identified, including five which significantly correlated with one or more PCBs, and four which correlated with child neurodevelopment. Two modules associated with maternal PCB levels as well as child neurodevelopment, and mapped to CSMD1 and AUTS2, genes previously implicated in ASD and identified as differentially methylated regions in mouse brain and placenta following gestational PCB exposure. CONCLUSIONS Placental DNA co-methylation modules were associated with maternal PCBs and child neurodevelopment. Methylation of CSMD1 and AUTS2 could be markers of altered placental function and/or ASD risk following maternal PCB exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia S Mouat
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Perinatal Origins of Disparities Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Xueshu Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kari Neier
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Perinatal Origins of Disparities Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Yihui Zhu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Perinatal Origins of Disparities Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Charles E Mordaunt
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Perinatal Origins of Disparities Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Michele A La Merrill
- Perinatal Origins of Disparities Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Michael P Jones
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Pamela J Lein
- Perinatal Origins of Disparities Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca J Schmidt
- Perinatal Origins of Disparities Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Janine M LaSalle
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Perinatal Origins of Disparities Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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9
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Corbin S, Togawa K, Schüz J, Le Cornet C, Fervers B, Feychting M, Wiebert P, Hansen J, Dalton SO, Kjærheim K, Nordby KC, Østrem RS, Skakkebæk NE, Uuksulainen S, Pukkala E, Olsson A. Parental occupational exposures in wood-related jobs and risk of testicular germ cell tumours in offspring in NORD-TEST a registry-based case-control study in Finland, Norway, and Sweden. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2022; 95:1243-1253. [PMID: 34853884 PMCID: PMC9273544 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-021-01818-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We assessed the association between parental prenatal exposures in wood-related jobs and risk of testicular germ cell tumours (TGCT) in offspring. METHODS NORD-TEST, a registry-based case-control study in Sweden, Finland and Norway, included 8112 TGCT cases diagnosed at ages 14-49 years between 1978 and 2012 with no history of prior cancer, and up to four controls matched to each case on year and country of birth. Parents of cases and controls were identified via linkages with the population registries and their occupational information was retrieved from censuses. The Nordic Occupational Cancer Study Job-Exposure Matrix was used to assign occupational exposures to each parent. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS Maternal wood-related job was not associated with the risk of TGCT in offspring (OR 1.08, CI 0.55-2.14), while paternal wood-related job was associated with a decreased risk of TGCT in offspring (OR 0.85, CI 0.75-0.96). None of the specific wood-related jobs, such as upholsterers, sawyers, or construction carpenters, were significantly associated with a risk of TGCT. Only exception was observed in a sensitivity analysis which showed an increased risk in the small group of sons of fathers working as 'cabinetmakers and joiners' the year before conception (OR of 2.06, CI 1.00-4.25). CONCLUSION This large-scale NORD-TEST analysis provided no evidence of an association between parental prenatal exposures in wood-related jobs and TGCT in sons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Corbin
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Kayo Togawa
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Joachim Schüz
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Charlotte Le Cornet
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon Cedex 08, France
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Beatrice Fervers
- Prevention Cancer Environment Department, Centre Léon Bérard, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm UMR 1296 Radiations: Defence, Health, Environment, Lyon, France
| | - Maria Feychting
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Wiebert
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johnni Hansen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Niels E Skakkebæk
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Center for Research and Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Eero Pukkala
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Helsinki, Finland
- Finland School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ann Olsson
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon Cedex 08, France.
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10
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Li X, Hefti MM, Marek RF, Hornbuckle KC, Wang K, Lehmler HJ. Assessment of Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Their Hydroxylated Metabolites in Postmortem Human Brain Samples: Age and Brain Region Differences. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:9515-9526. [PMID: 35658127 PMCID: PMC9260965 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and their hydroxylated metabolites (OH-PCBs) has been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the distribution of PCBs and OH-PCBs in the human brain has not been characterized. This study investigated the age-, sex-, and brain region-specific distribution of all 209 PCBs using gaschromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) in neonatal (N = 7) and adult (N = 7) postmortem brain samples. OH-PCB analyses were performed by GC-MS/MS (as methylated derivatives) and, in a subset of samples, by nontarget liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (Nt-LCMS). Fourteen higher chlorinated PCB congeners were observed with a detection frequency >50%. Six lower chlorinated PCBs were detected with a detection frequency >10%. Higher chlorinated PCBs were observed with higher levels in samples from adult versus younger donors. PCB congener profiles from adult donors showed more similarities across brain regions and donors than younger donors. We also assess the potential neurotoxicity of the PCB residues in the human brain with neurotoxic equivalency (NEQ) approaches. The median ΣNEQs, calculated for the PCB homologues, were 40-fold higher in older versus younger donors. Importantly, lower chlorinated PCBs made considerable contributions to the neurotoxic potential of PCB residues in some donors. OH-PCBs were identified for the first time in a small number of human brain samples by GC-MS/MS and Nt-LCMS analyses, and all contained four or fewer chlorine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueshu Li
- Department
of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Marco M. Hefti
- Department
of Pathology, University of Iowa Hospital
and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United
States
| | - Rachel F. Marek
- IIHR-Hydroscience
and Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Keri C. Hornbuckle
- IIHR-Hydroscience
and Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Kai Wang
- Department
of Biostatistics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department
of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- IIHR-Hydroscience
and Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- . Phone: (319) 335-4310. Fax: (319) 335-4290
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11
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Grimalt JO, Garí M, Santa-Marina L, Ibarluzea J, Sunyer J. Influence of gestational weight gain on the organochlorine pollution content of breast milk. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 209:112783. [PMID: 35074353 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transplacental transfer and breastfeeding are the main transport routes of organic pollutants into children at the beginning of life. Although pollutant transmission through these mechanisms primarily depends on the maternal pollution burden, its impact may be modulated by physiological effects. OBJECTIVES We have examined whether gestational weight gain (GWG) exerts an influence on the content of lipophilic low volatile pollutants in breast milk. RESULTS Colostrum from mothers from the INMA cohorts of Sabadell and Gipuzkoa (n = 256 and 119, respectively) with low GWG as defined by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) from the US National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine had significantly higher concentrations of polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) and 4,4'-DDE than colostrum in mothers who gained weight within IOM recommendations or in those who exceeded this threshold. Statistically significant differences were also found in the colostrum:maternal serum ratios of these compounds. Women with low GWG retained higher pollutant amounts in colostrum. These observations are consistent with previously described higher concentrations of these pollutants in infant cord blood from mothers with low GWG by IOM standards. They indicate that mobilization of lipophilic organic pollutants by metabolic pregnant changes not only leads to higher fetal transfer but to higher accumulation into the mammary system upon low GWG. CONCLUSIONS The present results show that insufficient GWG, besides increasing in utero exposure, also enhances pollutant transfer to infants during breastfeeding which considerably extends the significance of this physiological change for the pollutant children intake in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan O Grimalt
- Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18. 08034, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Mercè Garí
- Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18. 08034, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Computational Health Department, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Loreto Santa-Marina
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub-Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, Spain; BioDonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Jesús Ibarluzea
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub-Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, Spain; BioDonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Global Health Institute of Barcelona (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Hospital de Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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12
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Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Their Adverse Effects on the Endoplasmic Reticulum. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031581. [PMID: 35163501 PMCID: PMC8836273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing concern regarding the health and safety issues of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Long-term exposure to EDCs has serious adverse health effects through both hormone-direct and hormone-indirect ways. Accordingly, some EDCs can be a pathogen and an inducer to the susceptibility of disease, even if they have a very low affinity on the estrogen receptor, or no estrogenic effect. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress recently attracted attention in this research area. Because ER and ER stress could be key regulators of the EDC’s adverse effects, such as the malfunction of the organ, as well as the death, apoptosis, and proliferation of a cell. In this review, we focused on finding evidence which shows that EDCs could be a trigger for ER stress and provide specific examples of EDCs, which are known to cause ER stress currently.
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13
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Aly NA, Dodds JN, Luo YS, Grimm FA, Foster M, Rusyn I, Baker ES. Utilizing ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry for the characterization and detection of persistent organic pollutants and their metabolites. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:1245-1258. [PMID: 34668045 PMCID: PMC8727508 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03686-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are xenobiotic chemicals of global concern due to their long-range transport capabilities, persistence, ability to bioaccumulate, and potential to have negative effects on human health and the environment. Identifying POPs in both the environment and human body is therefore essential for assessing potential health risks, but their diverse range of chemical classes challenge analytical techniques. Currently, platforms coupling chromatography approaches with mass spectrometry (MS) are the most common analytical methods employed to evaluate both parent POPs and their respective metabolites and/or degradants in samples ranging from d rinking water to biofluids. Unfortunately, different types of analyses are commonly needed to assess both the parent and metabolite/degradant POPs from the various chemical classes. The multiple time-consuming analyses necessary thus present a number of technical and logistical challenges when rapid evaluations are needed and sample volumes are limited. To address these challenges, we characterized 64 compounds including parent per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), industrial chemicals, and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), in addition to their metabolites and/or degradants, using ion mobility spectrometry coupled with MS (IMS-MS) as a potential rapid screening technique. Different ionization sources including electrospray ionization (ESI) and atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) were employed to determine optimal ionization for each chemical. Collectively, this study advances the field of exposure assessment by structurally characterizing the 64 important environmental pollutants, assessing their best ionization sources, and evaluating their rapid screening potential with IMS-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor A Aly
- Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - James N Dodds
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Yu-Syuan Luo
- Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fabian A Grimm
- Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - MaKayla Foster
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Ivan Rusyn
- Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Erin S Baker
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
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14
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Lorigo M, Cairrao E. Fetoplacental vasculature as a model to study human cardiovascular endocrine disruption. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 87:101054. [PMID: 34839931 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.101054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has associated the exposure of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) with the cardiovascular (CV) system. This exposure is particularly problematic in a sensitive window of development, pregnancy. Pregnancy exposome can affect the overall health of the pregnancy by dramatic changes in vascular physiology and endocrine activity, increasing maternal susceptibility. Moreover, fetoplacental vascular function is generally altered, increasing the risk of developing pregnancy complications (including cardiovascular diseases, CVD) and predisposing the foetus to adverse health risks later in life. Thus, our review summarizes the existing literature on exposures to EDCs during pregnancy and adverse maternal health outcomes, focusing on the human placenta, vein, and umbilical artery associated with pregnancy complications. The purpose of this review is to highlight the role of fetoplacental vasculature as a model for the study of human cardiovascular endocrine disruption. Therefore, we emphasize that the placenta, together with the umbilical arteries and veins, allows a better characterization of the pregnant woman's exposome. Consequently, it contributes to the protection of the mother and foetus against CV disorders in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Lorigo
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal; FCS - UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Elisa Cairrao
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal; FCS - UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
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15
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Qie Y, Qin W, Zhao K, Liu C, Zhao L, Guo LH. Environmental Estrogens and Their Biological Effects through GPER Mediated Signal Pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 278:116826. [PMID: 33706245 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Many environmental chemicals have been found to exert estrogenic effects in cells and experimental animals by activating nuclear receptors such as estrogen receptors and estrogen-related receptors. These compounds include bisphenols, pesticides, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), organophosphate flame retardants, phthalates and metalloestrogens. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) exists widely in numerous cells/tissues of human and other vertebrates. A number of studies have demonstrated that GPER plays a vital role in mediating the estrogenic effects of environmental pollutants. Even at very low concentrations, these chemicals may activate GPER pathways, thus affect many aspects of cellular functions including proliferation, metastasis and apoptosis, resulting in cancer progression, cardiovascular disorders, and reproductive dysfunction. This review summarized the environmental occurrence and human exposure levels of these pollutants, and integrated current experimental evidence toward revealing the underlying mechanisms of pollutant-induced cellular dysfunction via GPER. The GPER mediated rapid non-genomic actions play an important role in the process leading to the adverse effects observed in experimental animals and even in human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Keda Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, 310007, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Hong Guo
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, People's Republic of China; Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Environmental contamination and public health effects of electronic waste: an overview. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2021; 19:1209-1227. [PMID: 34150306 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00654-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Purpose In recent years, electronic waste has become the fastest growing waste stream globally with potential deleterious environmental and public health effects from its hazardous constituents. This review aims at providing an up-to-date information on the environmental and public health effects of e- wastes, and also identify research gaps that could form basis of further innovative studies on this important subject. Methods We carried out literature survey using several search engines. All available literature which reported directly on environmental contamination of air, soil, and water by e-wastes, and their effects on exposed plants, animals, and humans were used in other to generate an updated information. Results High production volume coupled with indiscriminate disposal and informal recycling has made electronic waste (e-waste) to become a global public and environmental health issue. E-waste is made up of different hazardous substances such as heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants with the capacity to contaminate the environment if processed or recycled inappropriately. Humans and animals become exposed to e-waste constituents via ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact. Several health effects have been linked to e-wastes. The most susceptible were children, pregnant women, and workers in primitive recycling sites. Generation of e-waste is predicted to increase drastically in the next decade with the potential complex interactive effects of its constituents. Conclusion This review is an up-to-date assessment of studies and reports on e-waste environmental contamination and public health effects. The review has shown that e-waste contains constituents that caused adverse environmental effects and toxicity to the biota. However, there is an enormous data gap between exposure quantification and possible health effects. More studies are needed to elucidate and provide holistic information on environmental and public health dangers posed by e-waste constituents.
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17
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Zhou Q, Wu WL, Lin CQ, Liang H, Long CY, Lv F, Pan JL, Liu ZT, Wang BY, Yang XF, Deng XL, Jiang AM. Occurrence and dietary exposure assessment of pentachlorophenol in livestock, poultry, and aquatic foods marketed in Guangdong Province, China: Based on food monitoring data from 2015 to 2018. J Food Sci 2021; 86:1132-1143. [PMID: 33598948 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As a persistent organic pollutant, pentachlorophenol (PCP) has serious impacts on human health. However, its presence in animal source food products sold in the Guangdong Province (GD) of China, and the resultant dietary exposure have not been elucidated. To address this gap, 3,100 samples from seven food categories, including beef, pork, mutton, offals, broilers, hen eggs, and farmed freshwater fish, marketed throughout four geographical regions of GD, were collected from 2015 to 2018. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was employed to detect PCP levels in these food matrices. PCP was found in all food categories, but the average contamination levels were low, ranging from 0.40 µg/kg wet weight (ww) (hen eggs) to 5.85 µg/kg ww (offals). However, higher concentrations of PCP were detected (P < 0.05) in animal source food from the North region. Additionally, a temporal declining trend was observed in this four-year consecutive survey. The estimated human dietary exposure of PCP to population groups, including the general population and subgroups (male and female, children, and adults), was found to be far below the permissible daily intake (3 µg/kg body weight). Therefore, the health impacts of PCP should be correspondingly low for local residents, based on current toxicological knowledge. Regional exposure patterns varied due to different extents of contamination in the four areas, and pork, broilers, and freshwater fish were the major sources of dietary PCP exposure. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: As a persistent organic pollutant, pentachlorophenol (PCP) has serious impacts on human health. However, its presence in animal source food products sold in Guangdong Province of China, and the resultant dietary exposure have not been elucidated. In this study, we conducted an in-depth investigation on the occurrence of PCP in major foodstuff categories, including beef, pork, mutton, broilers, offals, hen eggs, and farmed freshwater fish, marketed in all 21 prefecture-level divisions of Guangdong Province, in order to provide integral insights for regulatory authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhou
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Liang Wu
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, P. R. China.,Academy of Preventive Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Qin Lin
- Testing Department of Chemistry and Light Industry, Zhongshan Supervision Testing Institute of Quality & Metrology, Zhongshan, 528405, P. R. China
| | - Hui Liang
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, P. R. China.,Academy of Preventive Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Chao-Yang Long
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, P. R. China.,Academy of Preventive Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Fen Lv
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, P. R. China.,Academy of Preventive Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Liang Pan
- Academy of Preventive Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China.,Department of Hygiene Detection Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Ting Liu
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, P. R. China.,Academy of Preventive Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Bo-Yuan Wang
- Department of Public Health and Food Hygiene, Zhongshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhongshan, 528403, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Fen Yang
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China.,Academy of Preventive Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ling Deng
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, P. R. China.,Academy of Preventive Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Ai-Min Jiang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, P. R. China
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18
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Lu M, Li G, Yang Y, Yu Y. A review on in-vitro oral bioaccessibility of organic pollutants and its application in human exposure assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 752:142001. [PMID: 32892057 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Generally, human oral exposure assessments of contaminants have not considered the absorption factor in the human gastrointestinal tract, thus overestimating human exposure and associated health risk. Currently, more researchers are adding the absorption factor into human exposure assessment, and bioaccessibility measured by in-vitro methods is generally replacing bioavailability for estimation because of the cheap and rapid determination. However, no single unified in-vitro method is used for bioaccessibility measurement of organic pollutants, although several methods have been developed for these pollutants and have shown good in vitro-in vivo correlation between bioaccessibility and bioavailability. The present review has focused on the development of in-vitro methods, validation of these methods through in-vivo assays, determination of factors influencing bioaccessibility, application of bioaccessibility in human exposure assessment, and the challenges faced. Overall, most in-vitro methods were validated using bioavailability, and better in vitro-in vivo correlations were obtained when absorption sinks were added to the digestion solution to mimic dynamic absorption of organic chemicals by small intestine. Incorporating bioaccessibility into the estimation of human exposure by oral ingestion significantly decreases the estimated exposure dose. However, more investigations on bioaccessibility of hydrophobic organic compounds are urgently needed because many challenges for in-vitro methods remain to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijuan Lu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Guiying Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Synergy Innovation Institute of GDUT, Shantou 515041, PR China
| | - Yan Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Synergy Innovation Institute of GDUT, Shantou 515041, PR China
| | - Yingxin Yu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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Zhang X, Cheng X, Lei B, Zhang G, Bi Y, Yu Y. A review of the transplacental transfer of persistent halogenated organic pollutants: Transfer characteristics, influential factors, and mechanisms. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 146:106224. [PMID: 33137703 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Persistent halogenated organic pollutants (HOPs) are a class of toxic chemicals, which may have adverse effects on fetuses via transplacental transfer from their mothers. Here, we review reported internal exposure levels of various HOPs (organochlorinated pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, short- and medium-chain chlorinated paraffins, and per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances) in placenta, and both maternal and umbilical cord sera. We also present analyses of the transplacental transfer and placental distribution characteristics of each class of compounds, and discuss effects of several factors on the transfer and accumulation efficiencies of HOPs, as well as the main mechanisms of HOPs' transfer across the placental barrier. Reported compound-specific transplacental transfer efficiencies and distribution efficiencies, expressed as umbilical cord:maternal serum and placental:maternal serum concentration ratios (RCM and RPM, respectively), are summarized. Average published RCM values of the HOPs range from 0.24 to 3.08 (lipid-adjusted) and from 0.04 to 3.1 (based on wet weights), and are highest for perfluoroalkylcarboxylates (PFCAs) and tetrabromobisphenol A. Average published RPM values range from 0.14 to 1.02 (lipid-adjusted) and from 0.30 to 1.4 (based on wet weights). The broad RCM and RPM ranges may reflect effects of various factors, inter alia physicochemical properties of HOPs, metabolic capacities of mothers and fetuses, placental maturity, and differential expression of influx/efflux transporters in the placenta. Generally, HOPs' RCM values decline linearly with molecular size, and are curvilinearly related to solubility. Plasma protein binding affinity and the difference between maternal and fetal metabolic capacities may also affect some HOPs' transfer efficiencies. HOPs' molecular size may be influential. Transplacental transport of HOPs likely occurs mostly through passive diffusion, although influx/efflux transporters expressed on maternal and/or fetal sides of the placenta may also facilitate or hinder their transport. Overall, the review highlights clear gaps in our understanding of mechanisms involved in HOPs' transplacental transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Xiaomeng Cheng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Bingli Lei
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Guoxia Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Yuhao Bi
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Yingxin Yu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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20
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Guo LC, Liu T, Yang Y, Yu S, Gao Y, Huang W, Xiao J, Ma W, Rutherford S, Zhang Y. Changes in thyroid hormone related proteins and gene expression induced by polychlorinated biphenyls and halogen flame retardants exposure of children in a Chinese e-waste recycling area. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 742:140597. [PMID: 32629271 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and halogen flame retardants (HFRs) are major pollutants in e-waste recycling area. High internal exposure levels of PCBs and HFRs are harmful to human thyroid hormone (TH) equilibrium. To examine their disrupting effects on TH, we conducted a study on children (n = 114) of an e-waste recycling and a control area in South China. Concentrations of PCBs, HFRs, and TH levels were determined in serum samples. TH related proteins and their corresponding gene were also monitored as markers of such disruption. Levels of these chemicals in the exposed group were much greater than those in the control group. Results of the linear regression and generalized additive model indicated the presence of close relationships between the internal exposure levels and the responses of TH related proteins, gene expression. More extensive exposure concentrations of these chemicals led to higher expression of iodothyronine deiodinase I and decreased the concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone, expression of TH receptor α, indicating the exertion of discrepant and even contrary influences on equilibrium of TH, and a compensation of these mechanisms may kept the homeostasis of TH. These results for children warrant further investigation on the health risks of PCBs and HFRs exposure in e-waste area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Chuan Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Shengbing Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Yanhong Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Weixiong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Jianpeng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.
| | | | - Yonghui Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
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21
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Basak S, Das MK, Duttaroy AK. Plastics derived endocrine-disrupting compounds and their effects on early development. Birth Defects Res 2020; 112:1308-1325. [PMID: 32476245 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite the fact that the estrogenic effects of bisphenols were first described 80 years ago, recent data about its potential negative impact on birth outcome parameters raises a strong rationale to investigate further. The adverse health effects of plastics recommend to measure the impacts of endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) such as bisphenols (BPA, BPS, BPF), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) in human health. Exposure to these compounds in utero may program the diseases of the testis, prostate, kidney and abnormalities in the immune system, and cause tumors, uterine hemorrhage during pregnancy and polycystic ovary. These compounds also control the processes of epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of adult-onset diseases by modulating DNA methylation and epimutations in reproductive cells. The early developmental stage is the most susceptible window for developmental and genomic programming. The critical stages of the events for a normal human birth lie between the many transitions occurring between spermatogenesis, egg fertilization and the fully formed fetus. As the cells begin to grow and differentiate, there are critical balances of hormones, and protein synthesis. Data are emerging on how these plastic-derived compounds affect embryogenesis, placentation and feto-placental development since pregnant women and unborn fetuses are often exposed to these factors during preconception and throughout gestation. Impaired early development that ultimately influences fetal outcomes is at the center of many developmental disorders and contributes an independent risk factor for adult chronic diseases. This review will summarize the current status on the impact of exposure to plastic derived EDCs on the growth, gene expression, epigenetic and angiogenic activities of the early fetal development process and their possible effects on birth outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Basak
- Molecular Biology Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Mrinal K Das
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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22
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Chi Q, Zhang W, Wang L, Huang J, Yuan M, Xiao H, Wang X. Evaluation of structurally different brominated flame retardants interacting with the transthyretin and their toxicity on HepG2 cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 246:125749. [PMID: 31927367 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are found at quantifiable levels in both humans and wildlife and may potentially cause a health risk. For BFRs and their derivatives, limited information regarding the relationship among the structure, binding affinity to the target protein and toxicity is currently available. In the present work, representative BFRs with different hydroxyl- or bromo-substituents, namely 2, 2', 4, 4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), 3-hydroxy-2, 2', 4, 4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (3-OH-BDE-47) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), were selected to investigate the interactions with transthyretin (TTR) by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and cytotoxicity on HepG2 cells. It was noted that BDE-47 had a weak binding affinity to TTR, while 3-OH-BDE-47 and TBBPA had a stronger binding affinity than BDE-47 and thyroxine (T4). Hence, 3-OH-BDE-47 and TBBPA could affect the binding of TTR with its native ligand T4 by competitive binding to TTR, even at equal concentrations, which might be associated with BFR toxicity of endocrine disruption. Negative cooperativity was found for 3-OH-BDE-47 and TBBPA binding to TTR, similar to T4 with a well-established negatively cooperative binding mechanism. The tendency of toxic effects on HepG2 cells for these three BFRs was, 3-OH-BDE-47 > TBBPA > BDE-47, and this order was in good agreement with the binding ability explored by ESI-MS experiments and molecular docking simulation. The observations obtained by this study demonstrate that the binding properties of these BFRs to TTR and their cytotoxicity are correlated with structure differentials and functional substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Chi
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Wenxiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Lang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Ming Yuan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Huaming Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.
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Zhu X, Zhao H, Shen J, Chen H, Cai X, Xu J, Wang X, Wang L, Lan M. A metal-free and preconcentration-free method for non-enzymatic amperometric determination of pentachlorophenol using a ZIF-derived hollow carbon material. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:224. [PMID: 32170431 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-4180-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
An enzyme-free, metal-free, and preconcentration-free electrochemical sensor for pentachlorophenol assay has been fabricated. The interface of the sensor is based on a hollow zeolitic imidazolate framework-derived mesoporous carbon material (denoted as HZC/SPCE). The sensor exhibits linear amperometric response upon pentachlorophenol at 0.82 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) in the concentration range 0.001 to 26.8 mg L-1 (3.75 × 10-8~1.006 × 10-4 M) (R2 = 0.997). The sensitivity of HZC/SPCE is 3.53 × 102 μA mM-1 cm-2 with a detection limit of 2.05 × 10-9 M (S/N = 3) for pentachlorophenol. The method has been applied to the determination of pentachlorophenol in spiked food packaging samples with recoveries in the range 92.0 to 107.0%. Graphical abstract Schematic representation of the synthesis of hollow ZIFs-derived hollow carbon material. Free protons derived from tannic acid penetrated into ZIF-8 to destroy its solid framework and the outer parts covered by tannic acid were protected from further etching. After pyrolysis, the morphology of HZC remained similar to that of HZIF-8. Abbreviation: CTAB: hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; Melm: 2-methylimidazole; ZIF-8: zeolitic imidazolate framework-8; TA: tannic acid; HZIF-8: hollow zeolitic imidazolate framework-8; HZC: hollow zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs)-derived mesoporous carbon material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhu
- Shanghai Tobacco Packaging Printing Co., Ltd., Shanghai Tobacco Group Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200137, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianmin Shen
- Shanghai Tobacco Packaging Printing Co., Ltd., Shanghai Tobacco Group Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200137, People's Republic of China
| | - Huilan Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Cai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Jijun Xu
- Shanghai Tobacco Packaging Printing Co., Ltd., Shanghai Tobacco Group Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200137, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Shanghai Tobacco Packaging Printing Co., Ltd., Shanghai Tobacco Group Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200137, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Shanghai Tobacco Packaging Printing Co., Ltd., Shanghai Tobacco Group Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200137, People's Republic of China
| | - Minbo Lan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Jiang Y, Yuan L, Lin Q, Ma S, Yu Y. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the environment and human external and internal exposure in China: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 696:133902. [PMID: 31470322 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely used as brominated flame retardants. Because of their toxicity and persistence, some PBDEs were restricted under the Stockholm Convention in 2009. Since then, many studies have been carried out on PBDEs in China and in many other countries. In the present review, the occurrences and contamination of PBDEs in air, water, sediment, soil, biota and daily food, human blood, hair, and other human tissues in China are comprehensively reviewed and described. The human exposure pathways and associated health risks of PBDEs are summarized. The data showed no obvious differences between North and South China, but concentrations from West China were generally lower than in East China, which can be mainly attributed to the production and widespread use of PBDEs in eastern regions. High levels of PBDEs were generally observed in the PBDE production facilities (e.g., Jiangsu Province and Shandong Province, East China) and e-waste recycling sites (Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province, East China, and Guiyu City and Qingyuan City, both located in Guangdong Province, South China) and large cities, whereas low levels were detected in rural and less-developed areas, especially in remote regions such as the Tibetan Plateau. Deca-BDE is generally the major congener. Existing problems for PBDE investigations in China are revealed, and further studies are also discussed and anticipated. In particular, non-invasive matrices such as hair should be more thoroughly studied; more accurate estimations of human exposure and health risks should be performed, such as adding bioaccessibility or bioavailability to human exposure assessments; and the degradation products and metabolites of PBDEs in human bodies should receive more attention. More investigations should be carried out to evaluate the quantitative relationships between internal and external exposure so as to provide a scientific basis for ensuring human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Jiang
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Longmiao Yuan
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Qinhao Lin
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Shentao Ma
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Synergy Innovation Institute of GDUT, Shantou 515100, China
| | - Yingxin Yu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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25
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Suvorov A, Naumov V, Shtratnikova V, Logacheva M, Shershebnev A, Wu H, Gerasimov E, Zheludkevich A, Pilsner JR, Sergeyev O. Rat liver epigenome programing by perinatal exposure to 2,2',4'4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether. Epigenomics 2019; 12:235-249. [PMID: 31833787 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2019-0315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinatal exposures to polybrominated diphenyl ethers permanently reprogram liver metabolism and induce a nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-like phenotype and insulin resistance in rodents. Aim: To test if these changes are associated with altered liver epigenome. Materials & methods: Expression of small RNA and changes in DNA methylation in livers of adult rats were analyzed following perinatal exposure to 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether, the polybrominated diphenyl ether congener most prevalent in human tissues. Results: We identified 33 differentially methylated DNA regions and 15 differentially expressed miRNAs. These changes were enriched for terms related to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, insulin signaling, Type-2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Conclusion: Changes in the liver epigenome are a likely candidate mechanism of long-term maintenance of an aberrant metabolic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Suvorov
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts 686 North Pleasant Street Amherst, MA 01003, USA.,A.N. Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Leninskye Gory, House 1, Building 40, 119992, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Naumov
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Perinatology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Oparina 4, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victoria Shtratnikova
- A.N. Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Leninskye Gory, House 1, Building 40, 119992, Moscow, Russia.,Center for Data-Intensive Biomedicine & Biotechnology, Skolkovo Institute of Science & Technology, 143028, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Logacheva
- A.N. Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Leninskye Gory, House 1, Building 40, 119992, Moscow, Russia.,Center for Data-Intensive Biomedicine & Biotechnology, Skolkovo Institute of Science & Technology, 143028, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alex Shershebnev
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts 686 North Pleasant Street Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Haotian Wu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts 686 North Pleasant Street Amherst, MA 01003, USA.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Evgeny Gerasimov
- E.I. Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology & Tropical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 20 Malaya Pirogovskaya, 119435, Moscow, Russia.,Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Jonathan R Pilsner
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts 686 North Pleasant Street Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Oleg Sergeyev
- A.N. Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Leninskye Gory, House 1, Building 40, 119992, Moscow, Russia.,Chapaevsk Medical Association, 3a Meditsinskaya St., Samara region, 446100, Chapaevsk, Russia
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26
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Liu Z, Hosseinzadeh S, Wardenier N, Verheust Y, Chys M, Hulle SV. Combining ozone with UV and H 2O 2 for the degradation of micropollutants from different origins: lab-scale analysis and optimization. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2019; 40:3773-3782. [PMID: 29923788 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1491630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of micropollutants (MPs), including pesticides, herbicides, pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds, by ozone-based advanced oxidation techniques (AOP) was investigated in this study. The effect of different factors, such as ozone concentration, hydrogen peroxide concentration and initial pH, on the removal rate was studied in detail. The combination of UV with ozone/ H2O2 increased the MPs degradation. For example, atrazine removal increased from 12.6% to 66.9%. Increasing the concentration of ozone and H2O2 can enhance the degradation efficiency of MPs, while excess H2O2 plays a role as a scavenger for •OH. In addition, the optimizing conditions of degradation of MPs by an ozone-based AOP were investigated in this study. The optimal dosages of ozone for atrazine (ATZ), alachlor (ALA), carbamazepine (CBZ), 17-α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and pentachlorophenol (PCP), were in the range of 0.6-0.75, while for ATZ a much higher dosage (5.4 mg/l) is needed. The optimal dosages of H2O2 concentration were at 0.75, 0.2, 0.47, 0.75 and 0.63 mM, and pH were at 10, 10, 7, 10 and 10, and reaction time at 38.5, 33.5 43, 6 and 6 min, respectively. Ozone-based AOP and in particular combination of UV with ozone and H2O2 is efficient to degrade atrazine, alachlor, carbamazepine, 17-α-ethinylestradiol and pentachlorophenol, and is attractive for future application of real wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Liu
- LIWET, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | | | - Niels Wardenier
- LIWET, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Kortrijk, Belgium
- RUPT, Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yannick Verheust
- LIWET, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Michael Chys
- LIWET, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Stijn Van Hulle
- LIWET, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Kortrijk, Belgium
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27
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Aamir M, Yin S, Guo F, Liu K, Xu C, Liu W. Congener-Specific Mother-Fetus Distribution, Placental Retention, and Transport of C 10-13 and C 14-17 Chlorinated Paraffins in Pregnant Women. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:11458-11466. [PMID: 31452367 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b02116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) and medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs) are high-production-volume persistent and toxic industrial chemicals found ubiquitously in various environmental matrices. However, information is scarce regarding human internal exposure. The congener-specific SCCP and MCCP levels in matched maternal serum (n = 31), umbilical cord serum (n = 31), and placenta (n = 31) were studied to investigate the maternal-placenta-fetus distribution and the placental transport mechanisms of SCCPs and MCCPs. The results indicated that lower chlorinated and shorter carbon chain CPs were efficiently transported across placenta compared to highly chlorinated and longer carbon chain CPs. Meanwhile, ∑MCCP concentration followed the order of maternal sera > placentas > cord sera. The cord/maternal concentration fraction ratios (RCM) of CPs exhibited similar values from C10 to C14, and then from C15, a decreasing trend was observed with increasing carbon chain length. The log-normalized maternal SCCP concentrations were positively correlated (P < 0.01) with that in the cord, suggesting fetus exposure to SCCPs during pregnancy. Furthermore, the placenta/maternal concentration fraction ratio (RPM) values for MCCPs were relatively higher than those for SCCPs, demonstrating that MCCPs were not efficiently transported and effectively retained in placenta tissues. These findings provide a better understanding of the maternal-fetal transmission and neonatal exposure to CPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Aamir
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Shanshan Yin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Fangjie Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering , California Institute of Technology , 1200 East California Blvd. , Pasadena , California 91125 , United States
| | - Chenye Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Weiping Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
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Pan J, Yao Y, Guo X, Kong F, Zhou J, Meng X. Endoplasmic reticulum stress, a novel significant mechanism responsible for DEHP‐induced increased distance between seminiferous tubule of mouse testis. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:19807-19823. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junlin Pan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University Jinan Shandong China
| | - YuanYuan Yao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University Jinan Shandong China
| | - Xiuxiu Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University Jinan Shandong China
| | - Fengyun Kong
- Reproductive Medical Center The Second Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan Shandong China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University Jinan Shandong China
| | - Xiaoqian Meng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University Jinan Shandong China
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Huang X, Han X, Huang Z, Yu M, Zhang Y, Fan Y, Xu B, Zhou K, Song L, Wang X, Lu C, Xia Y. Maternal pentachlorophenol exposure induces developmental toxicity mediated by autophagy on pregnancy mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 169:829-836. [PMID: 30597782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is often used as chlorinated hydrocarbon herbicides and insecticides, which has been suggested that toxicity of carcinogenic effect, teratogenic effect and reproductive system. However, there was still precious known about the underlying molecular mechanism of PCP on mammalian early development. To explore the developmental toxicity of PCP and its potential mechanism, pregnancy ICR mice except controls were exposed to PCP (0.02, 0.2 or 2 mg/kg) during gestation day (GD) 0.5 to GD8.5 in this study. We found that the fetal loss rate was increased and placental chorionic villi structure was disorder in hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) on GD16.5. Meanwhile, autophagosomes were observed in chorionic villi through Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Moreover, the mRNA and/or protein expression of P62, LC3-ІІ/LC3-І and Beclin1 were increased in placenta, indicating the occurrence of autophagy. Then, to further explore the autophagy mechanism, microRNA (miR)-30a-5p, an expression inhibitor of Beclin1, was predicted through bioinformatics predictions and RT-PCR, and it was reduced in PCP-treated mice. Transfection and luciferase reporter gene test were used to verify the interaction between Beclin1 and miR-30a-5p. These results firstly indicate that, PCP exposure could downregulate the expression of miR-30a-5p, and then induced autophagy through upregulation of Beclin1 to result in fetal loss. Our study laid a foundation for understanding the PCP developmental toxicity through autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiumei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhenyao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Mingming Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ling Song
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Pirard C, Charlier C. Simple and fast method for the measurement of legacy and novel brominated flame retardants in human serum. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 211:918-925. [PMID: 30119023 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent and reliable human biomonitoring data on brominated flame retardants (BFRs), either legacy or new BFRs, are still needed to assess human exposure. The aim of this work was therefore to develop and validate an accurate, fast and user-friendly analytical strategy for the determination of 15 legacy and novel BFRs in human serum namely 8 polybrominated diphenylethers (BDE-28, -47, -99, -100, -153, -154, -183, and -209), 1 hexabromobiphenyl (PBB-153), and 6 novel BFRs (pentabromotoluene, hexabromobenzene, pentabromoethylbenzene, 2-ethylhexy-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate, 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane, and decabromodiphenylethane). This analytical procedure consisted in a simple liquid-liquid extraction followed by elution on a PHREE cartridge avoiding further laborious purification steps. The final determination was performed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry in electron capture negative ionization mode (GC-ECNI-MS). The 15 m long RTX-1614 allowed the simultaneous measurement of the 15 BFRs including low and high brominated species within a single injection on a single column. Except for 2-ethylhexy-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (EHTBB) which showed very high response variations resulting in poor linearity, trueness and precision, and decabromodiphenylethane for which very low sensitivity was achieved, the 13 other BFRs passed the validation process with recoveries varying between 56 and 82%, and limits of quantification (LOQs) ranging from 2.5 to 6.0 pg/ml (34.5 pg/ml for BDE-209). Within the validated range of concentrations, the relative bias from the introduced levels were below 20% while the intra and inter precisions were maintained below 15%. The reliability of the technique was confirmed by successfully analyzing interlaboratory test materials (AMAP ring test for POPs in human serum).
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Pirard
- Laboratory of Clinical, Forensic and Environmental Toxicology, CHU of Liege, B35, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liege (ULg), CHU (B35), 4000 Liege, Belgium.
| | - Corinne Charlier
- Laboratory of Clinical, Forensic and Environmental Toxicology, CHU of Liege, B35, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liege (ULg), CHU (B35), 4000 Liege, Belgium.
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Murugan K, Vasudevan N. Intracellular toxicity exerted by PCBs and role of VBNC bacterial strains in biodegradation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 157:40-60. [PMID: 29605643 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are xenobiotic compounds that persists in the environment for long-term, though its productivity is banned. Abatement of the pollutants have become laborious due to it's recalcitrant nature in the environment leading to toxic effects in humans and other living beings. Biphenyl degrading bacteria co-metabolically degrade low chlorinated PCBs using the active metabolic pathway. bph operon possess different genetic arrangements in gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The binding ability of the genes and the active sites were determined by PCB docking studies. The active site of bphA gene with conserved amino acid residues determines the substrate specificity and biodegradability. Accumulation of toxic intermediates alters cellular behaviour, biomass production and downturn the metabolic activity. Several bacteria in the environment attain unculturable state which is viable and metabolically active but not cultivable (VBNC). Resuscitation-promoting factor (Rpf) and Rpf homologous protein retrieve the culturability of the so far uncultured bacteria. Recovery of this adaptive mechanism against various physical and chemical stressors make a headway in understanding the functionality of both environmental and medically important unculturable bacteria. Thus, this paper review about the general aspects of PCBs, cellular toxicity exerted by PCBs, role of unculturable bacterial strains in biodegradation, genes involved and degradation pathways. It is suggested to extrapolate the research findings on extracellular organic matters produced in culture supernatant of VBNC thus transforming VBNC to culturable state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karuvelan Murugan
- Centre for Environmental Studies, Anna University, CEG Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Namasivayam Vasudevan
- Centre for Environmental Studies, Anna University, CEG Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Kania-Korwel I, Lukasiewicz T, Barnhart CD, Stamou M, Chung H, Kelly KM, Bandiera S, Lein PJ, Lehmler HJ. Editor's Highlight: Congener-Specific Disposition of Chiral Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Lactating Mice and Their Offspring: Implications for PCB Developmental Neurotoxicity. Toxicol Sci 2018; 158:101-115. [PMID: 28431184 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners have been implicated by laboratory and epidemiological studies in PCB developmental neurotoxicity. These congeners are metabolized by cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes to potentially neurotoxic hydroxylated metabolites (OH-PCBs). The present study explores the enantioselective disposition and toxicity of 2 environmentally relevant, neurotoxic PCB congeners and their OH-PCB metabolites in lactating mice and their offspring following dietary exposure of the dam. Female C57BL/6N mice (8-weeks old) were fed daily, beginning 2 weeks prior to conception and continuing throughout gestation and lactation, with 3.1 µmol/kg bw/d of racemic 2,2',3,5',6-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 95) or 2,2',3,3',6,6'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 136) in peanut butter; controls received vehicle (peanut oil) in peanut butter. PCB 95 levels were higher than PCB 136 levels in both dams and pups, consistent with the more rapid metabolism of PCB 136 compared with PCB 95. In pups and dams, both congeners were enriched for the enantiomer eluting second on enantioselective gas chromatography columns. OH-PCB profiles in lactating mice and their offspring were complex and varied according to congener, tissue and age. Developmental exposure to PCB 95 versus PCB 136 differentially affected the expression of P450 enzymes as well as neural plasticity (arc and ppp1r9b) and thyroid hormone-responsive genes (nrgn and mbp). The results suggest that the enantioselective metabolism of PCBs to OH-PCBs may influence neurotoxic outcomes following developmental exposures, a hypothesis that warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Kania-Korwel
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Tracy Lukasiewicz
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Christopher D Barnhart
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Marianna Stamou
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Haeun Chung
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Kevin M Kelly
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Stelvio Bandiera
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Pamela J Lein
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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Mughal BB, Fini JB, Demeneix BA. Thyroid-disrupting chemicals and brain development: an update. Endocr Connect 2018; 7:R160-R186. [PMID: 29572405 PMCID: PMC5890081 DOI: 10.1530/ec-18-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review covers recent findings on the main categories of thyroid hormone-disrupting chemicals and their effects on brain development. We draw mostly on epidemiological and experimental data published in the last decade. For each chemical class considered, we deal with not only the thyroid hormone-disrupting effects but also briefly mention the main mechanisms by which the same chemicals could modify estrogen and/or androgen signalling, thereby exacerbating adverse effects on endocrine-dependent developmental programmes. Further, we emphasize recent data showing how maternal thyroid hormone signalling during early pregnancy affects not only offspring IQ, but also neurodevelopmental disease risk. These recent findings add to established knowledge on the crucial importance of iodine and thyroid hormone for optimal brain development. We propose that prenatal exposure to mixtures of thyroid hormone-disrupting chemicals provides a plausible biological mechanism contributing to current increases in the incidence of neurodevelopmental disease and IQ loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal B Mughal
- CNRS/UMR7221Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Fini
- CNRS/UMR7221Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Barbara A Demeneix
- CNRS/UMR7221Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
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Transcriptomic Analysis of Gonadal Adipose Tissue in Male Mice Exposed Perinatally to 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl Ether (BDE-47). TOXICS 2018; 6:toxics6020021. [PMID: 29596321 PMCID: PMC6027300 DOI: 10.3390/toxics6020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
For the majority of lipophilic compounds, adipose tissue is traditionally considered as a storage depot and only rarely as a target organ. Meanwhile, abnormalities in adipose tissue physiology induced by chemical exposure may contribute to the current epidemic of obesity and metabolic diseases. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a group of lipophilic flame retardants found in the majority of human samples in North America. Their ability to alter the physiology of adipose tissue is unknown. We exposed pregnant mice to 0.2 mg/kg body weight/day of BDE-47 perinatally. Transcriptomic changes in gonadal adipose tissue were analyzed in male offspring using the RNA-seq approach with subsequent bioinformatic analysis. The expression of genes of coagulation and complement cascade, de novo lipogenesis, and xenobiotic metabolism was altered in response to BDE-47 exposure. The affected molecular network included the following hubs: PPARα, HNF1A, and HNF4. These findings suggest that adipose tissue should be considered a target tissue for BDE-47, in addition to its role as a storage depot. This study also builds a background for a targeted search of sensitive phenotypic endpoints of BDE-47 exposure, including lipid profile parameters and coagulation factors in circulation. Additional studies are needed to investigate the role of PBDEs as an obesogen.
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Parker VS, Squirewell EJ, Lehmler HJ, Robertson LW, Duffel MW. Hydroxylated and sulfated metabolites of commonly occurring airborne polychlorinated biphenyls inhibit human steroid sulfotransferases SULT1E1 and SULT2A1. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 58:196-201. [PMID: 29408762 PMCID: PMC6078096 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants that are associated with varied adverse health effects. Lower chlorinated PCBs are prevalent in indoor and outdoor air and can be metabolized to their hydroxylated derivatives (OH-PCBs) followed by sulfation to form PCB sulfates. Sulfation is also a means of signal termination for steroid hormones. The human estrogen sulfotransferase (SULT1E1) and alcohol/hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase (SULT2A1) catalyze the formation of steroid sulfates that are inactive at steroid hormone receptors. We investigated the inhibition of SULT1E1 (IC50s ranging from 7.2 nM to greater than 10 μM) and SULT2A1 (IC50s from 1.3 μM to over 100 μM) by five lower-chlorinated OH-PCBs and their corresponding PCB sulfates relevant to airborne PCB-exposure. Several congeners of lower chlorinated OH-PCBs relevant to airborne PCB exposures were potent inhibitors of SULT1E1 and SULT2A1 and thus have the potential to disrupt regulation of intracellular concentrations of the receptor-active steroid substrates for these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria S Parker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Edwin J Squirewell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Larry W Robertson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Michael W Duffel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States.
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Tanaka Y, Fujiwara M, Shindo A, Yin G, Kitazawa T, Teraoka H. Aroclor 1254 and BDE-47 inhibit dopaminergic function manifesting as changes in locomotion behaviors in zebrafish embryos. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 193:1207-1215. [PMID: 29874750 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Contamination with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the environment is a major concern due to their persistent bioaccumulative toxicity that can disturb neurobehavioral functions including movements. Recently, it was reported that some PBDE including BDE-47 stimulates locomotor activities of zebrafish embryos by unknown mechanism. In this study, motor movements of the zebrafish embryo were used as a model system to evaluate the neuronal toxicity of a non-coplanar PCB-dominant mixture (Aroclor 1254) and BDE-47. Both organohalogens increased tail shaking and rotation of embryos in a concentration-dependent manner. Chemical inhibition and gene knock-down of tyrosine hydroxylase and vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) also induced hyperactivities. Hyperactivities induced by these treatments were all inhibited by supplementation of l-tyrosine and l-dopa, precursors of dopamine synthesis. Both organohalogens reduced dopamine contents and increased the 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC)/dopamine ratio in whole embryos. The results suggest that functional inhibition of dopaminergic neurons is involved in hyperactivities of zebrafish embryos caused by Aroclor 1254 and BDE-47.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Tanaka
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
| | - Mari Fujiwara
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
| | - Asako Shindo
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan; Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Science, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Guojun Yin
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Takio Kitazawa
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroki Teraoka
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan.
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Effect of polybrominated diphenyl ether congeners on placental cytokine production. J Reprod Immunol 2017; 125:72-79. [PMID: 29306095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are pollutants that may increase the risk of preterm birth. In previous studies, we found that a mixture of PBDEs altered the expression of biomarkers for preterm birth by the placenta. However, there are 209 different PBDE congeners with different tissue distributions. How these different congeners may alter the production of immunomodulators by the placenta that help to maintain the survival of the fetal allograft is unclear. Therefore, we compared the effects 5 common congeners on basal and bacteria-stimulated cytokine production by the placenta. Placental explant cultures were incubated with 20 μM of PBDE congeners 47, 99, 100, 153, 209 or vehicle in the presence and absence of Escherichia coli for 20 h. Conditioned medium was harvested and concentrations of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, sgp130, HO-1, IL-10, BDNF, and 8-IsoP quantified. For unstimulated cultures, all congeners, except for PBDE-47, reduced the production of IL-1β and IL-6 production was enhanced by PBDE-153. BDNF concentrations tended to be reduced by most PBDE congeners and IL-10 production was enhanced by PBDE-99, -153, and -209. 8-IsoP production was enhanced by PBDE-153, but not the other congeners. For bacteria-stimulated cultures, PBDE-47 increased IL-1β production and PBDE-47, -153, and -209 tended to reduce TNF-α production. IL-6 production was enhanced by all PBDEs except 153. IL-10 production was enhanced by all congeners except for PBDE-47. All congeners significantly enhanced BDNF and 8-IsoP. These results suggest that PBDEs can alter the expression of placental biomarkers in a congener and infection-dependent manner.
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Dufour P, Pirard C, Charlier C. Determination of phenolic organohalogens in human serum from a Belgian population and assessment of parameters affecting the human contamination. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 599-600:1856-1866. [PMID: 28545212 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Many in vitro or in vivo studies highlighted the potential deleterious effects of phenolic organohalogenated compounds (POHs) on the health, particularly on the thyroid system homeostasis, however few large scale human epidemiological studies have been carried out, especially in Europe. Further studies monitoring the human contamination by POHs, the sources of exposure and the influence of these compounds on thyroid health are still needed. Therefore we determined the concentrations of 16 POHs (pentachlorophenol (PCP), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), 4 bromophenols (BPs), 3 hydroxy-polybromodiphenylethers (OH-PBDEs) and 7 hydroxy-polychlorobiphenyls (OH-PCBs)) in serum from 274 people aged from 18 to 76years old living in Liege (Belgium) and the surrounding area. A questionnaire about their alimentary habits, life style and home environment was also administered to the volunteers. The predominant compound measured in the population was PCP (median concentration of 593.0pgmL-1). 4-OH-CB 107, 4-OH-CB 146 and 4-OH-CB 187 were detected in all samples and contributed for 75% of the sum of OH-PCBs (ΣOH-PCBs). The median measured in our population for ΣOH-PCBs was 143.7pgmL-1. TBBPA and 2,4,6-tribromophenol were detected in 31% and 63.8% of the samples respectively while the detection frequency observed for the other BPs and the OH-PBDEs was close to zero. We computed multivariate regression models in order to assess the influence of demographic and lifestyle parameters on the PCP and ΣOH-PCBs contamination levels. Significant correlation was found between the PCP concentration and sex, smoker status, sea fish consumption and level of education, although the model seemed to be a poor (R2=0.14) predictor of the PCP concentration. The model computed for ΣOH-PCBs was more explanatory (R2=0.61) and involved age, BMI and sea fish consumption. Finally, we assessed the parameters affecting the ΣOH-PCBs/ΣPCBs ratio. The model proposed involved age, BMI, smoker status and parent PCB level, and explained 41% of the variability of the ΣOH-PCBs/ΣPCBs ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Dufour
- Laboratory of Clinical, Forensic and Environmental Toxicology, University of Liege (ULg) CHU (B35), 4000, Liege, Belgium; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (C.I.R.M.), University of Liege (ULg) CHU (B35), 4000, Liege, Belgium.
| | - Catherine Pirard
- Laboratory of Clinical, Forensic and Environmental Toxicology, University of Liege (ULg) CHU (B35), 4000, Liege, Belgium; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (C.I.R.M.), University of Liege (ULg) CHU (B35), 4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Corinne Charlier
- Laboratory of Clinical, Forensic and Environmental Toxicology, University of Liege (ULg) CHU (B35), 4000, Liege, Belgium; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (C.I.R.M.), University of Liege (ULg) CHU (B35), 4000, Liege, Belgium
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Qu R, Li C, Pan X, Zeng X, Liu J, Huang Q, Feng J, Wang Z. Solid surface-mediated photochemical transformation of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) in aqueous solution. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 125:114-122. [PMID: 28841423 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are brominated flame retardants which have received considerable attention due to their global distribution, bioaccumulation potential, environmental persistence, and possible toxic effects. In this work, the photodegradation of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) in aqueous system was investigated by preloading it on the surface of various solid matrices. After 6 h of Xe lamp irradiation, almost complete degradation of BDE-209 was observed on silica gel (SG), with much slower degradation occurring in other adsorbents. The degradation of BDE-209 on SG sample followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, and the observed reaction rate constant was decreased by lowering pH, adding humic acid and increasing the initial BDE-209 concentration. In addition to direct photolysis, BDE-209 could be oxidized by hydroxyl radicals generated from SG, as confirmed by the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technology. Product analysis showed that BDE-209 was mainly decomposed into lower brominated PBDEs, polybrominated dibenzofurans (PBDFs), hydroxylated PBDEs (OH-PBDEs), hydroxylated PBDFs (OH-PBDFs), bromophenols and bromide ions. Thus, consecutive debromination, intramolecular elimination of HBr, hydroxyl addition and the cleavage of ether bond were proposed as the degradation pathways. This study may help understanding the photochemical transformation of solid surface adsorbed BDE-209 in natural surface waters, which is important to evaluate the environmental fate of PBDEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Chenguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Xiaoxue Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Xiaolan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Jiaoqin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Qingguo Huang
- College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA, 30223, United States
| | - Jianfang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Zunyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
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Tang J, Zhai JX. Distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in breast milk, cord blood and placentas: a systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:21548-21573. [PMID: 28831660 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9821-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been extensively used as flame retardants in consumer products. PBDEs rapidly bioaccumulate in the environment, food, wild animals and humans. In this review, we investigated the harmful effects of PBDEs on humans, especially in early life, and summarised the levels of PBDEs in human biological samples (breast milk, cord blood and placentas). In addition, we described the spatiotemporal distribution of PBDEs in this review. PBDE levels in breast milk, cord blood and placentas were generally higher in North America than in other regions, such as Asia, Europe, Oceania and Africa. However, high levels of PBDEs in human biological samples were detected at e-waste recycling sites in South China, East China and South Korea. This finding suggests that newborns living in e-waste regions are exposed to high levels of PBDEs during prenatal and postnatal periods. The time trends of PBDE concentration differed according to the region. Few studies have investigated PBDE levels in humans from 1967 to 2000, but they increased rapidly after 2000. PBDE concentration peaked at approximately 2006 globally. Compared with other PBDE congeners, BDE-47, BDE-153 and BDE-209 were the major components, but the detection rate of BDE-209 was lower than those of others. Future studies should focus on determining the BDE-209 concentration, which requires the implementation of different analytical approaches. Additionally, the levels of PBDEs in human samples and the environment should be monitored, especially in e-waste recycling regions. Graphical abstract The figures described the spatial distribution of the lowest (Fig. a1) and highest concentration of ∑PBDE (Fig. a2) in different countries by 2006 and described the spatial distribution of the lowest (Fig. b1) and highest concentration of ∑PBDE (Fig. b2) in different countries from 2007 to 2015. All the figures indicated that the levels of PBDEs in North America were substantially higher than those in many regions of Europe, Asia, Oceania, or Africa. Comparing Fig. a1-b1 or Fig. a2-b2, increasing trends were observed in some countries, especially in some regions in China, Korea and Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jin Xia Zhai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Perinatal exposure to 2,2',4'4' -Tetrabromodiphenyl ether induces testicular toxicity in adult rats. Toxicology 2017; 389:21-30. [PMID: 28712647 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Since 1965, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been used internationally as flame-retardant additives. PBDEs were recently withdrawn from commerce in North America and Europe due to their environmental persistence, bioaccumulative properties and endocrine-disrupting effects. Generations exposed perinatally to the highest environmental doses of PBDE account for one-fifth of the total United States population. While, toxicity of PBDE for the male reproductive system has been demonstrated in several human and animal studies, the long-lasting effects of perinatal exposures on male reproduction are still poorly understood. In this study, pregnant Wistar rats were exposed to 0.2mg/kg 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) from gestation day 8 until postnatal day 21. Male reproductive outcomes were analyzed on postnatal day 120 in offspring. Exposed animals had significantly smaller testes, displayed decreased sperm production per testis weight, had significantly increased percentage of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa, and showed an increase in spermatozoa head size. Perinatal BDE-47 exposure led to significant changes in testes transcriptome, including suppression of genes essential for spermatogenesis and activation of immune response genes. In particular, we observed a 4-fold average decrease in expression of protamine and transition protein genes in testes, suggesting that histone-protamine exchange may be dysregulated during spermatogenesis, resulting in an aberrant sperm epigenome. The possibility of long-lasting effects of developmental PBDE exposures calls for additional studies to build a foundation for the development of preventive and protective interventions against the environmentally-induced decline in fertility.
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Terry P, Towers CV, Liu LY, Peverly AA, Chen J, Salamova A. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (flame retardants) in mother-infant pairs in the Southeastern U.S. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2017; 27:205-214. [PMID: 28599595 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2017.1332344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are commonly used flame retardants in foams, building material, electronics, and textiles. These chemicals leach into the environment, where they persist, and are found today in virtually every population worldwide. Several studies in recent years have detected the presence of PBDEs in maternal and infant samples. However, few of these studies were conducted in the U.S., and few examined paired or matched mother blood-cord blood samples. We analyzed serum from 10 mother-infant pairs for the presence of PBDEs in a patient population in the Southeastern U.S. Out of 35 measured PBDE congeners, five (BDE-28, -47, -99, -100, and -153) were present, with detection frequencies of 65-100 %. The total PBDE concentrations in maternal and infant sera were highly correlated (r2 = 0.710, p = 0.0043). The levels of BDE-47, -99, and -100 and of total PBDEs were higher in the infant cord sera when compared with those in maternal sera (p < 0.017), suggesting that fetuses and neonates might have higher circulating concentrations of these potentially neurotoxic and endocrine disrupting chemicals compared with their mothers. The primary focus henceforward should be whether there are any deleterious effects from exposure to these chemicals on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Terry
- a Departments of Medicine , University of Tennessee Medical Center , Knoxville , TN , USA
| | - Craig V Towers
- b Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Tennessee Medical Center , Knoxville , TN , USA
| | - Liang-Ying Liu
- c School of Environment and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Angela A Peverly
- d Science and Mathematics Department , Eureka College , Eureka , IL , USA
| | - Jiangang Chen
- e Department of Public Health , University of Tennessee , Knoxville , TN , USA
| | - Amina Salamova
- f School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University , Bloomington , IN , USA
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Marchitti SA, Fenton SE, Mendola P, Kenneke JF, Hines EP. Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Human Milk and Serum from the U.S. EPA MAMA Study: Modeled Predictions of Infant Exposure and Considerations for Risk Assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2017; 125:706-713. [PMID: 27405099 PMCID: PMC5381986 DOI: 10.1289/ehp332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in U.S. women are believed to be among the world's highest; however, little information exists on the partitioning of PBDEs between serum and breast milk and how this may affect infant exposure. OBJECTIVES Paired milk and serum samples were measured for PBDE concentrations in 34 women who participated in the U.S. EPA MAMA Study. Computational models for predicting milk PBDE concentrations from serum were evaluated. METHODS Samples were analyzed using gas chromatography isotope-dilution high-resolution mass spectrometry. Observed milk PBDE concentrations were compared with model predictions, and models were applied to NHANES serum data to predict milk PBDE concentrations and infant intakes for the U.S. population. RESULTS Serum and milk samples had detectable concentrations of most PBDEs. BDE-47 was found in the highest concentrations (median serum: 18.6; milk: 31.5 ng/g lipid) and BDE-28 had the highest milk:serum partitioning ratio (2.1 ± 0.2). No evidence of depuration was found. Models demonstrated high reliability and, as of 2007-2008, predicted U.S. milk concentrations of BDE-47, BDE-99, and BDE-100 appear to be declining but BDE-153 may be rising. Predicted infant intakes (ng/kg/day) were below threshold reference doses (RfDs) for BDE-99 and BDE-153 but above the suggested RfD for BDE-47. CONCLUSIONS Concentrations and partitioning ratios of PBDEs in milk and serum from women in the U.S. EPA MAMA Study are presented for the first time; modeled predictions of milk PBDE concentrations using serum concentrations appear to be a valid method for estimating PBDE exposure in U.S. infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satori A. Marchitti
- ORISE (Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education) Fellowship Program, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Suzanne E. Fenton
- National Toxicology Program Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Pauline Mendola
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Development, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - John F. Kenneke
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Address correspondence to *J.F. Kenneke, U.S. EPA, NERL, 960 College Station Rd., Athens, GA 30605 USA. Telephone: (706) 355-8247. E-mail: , or E.P. Hines, U.S. EPA, NCEA, Mail Drop B243-01, RTP, NC 27711 USA. Telephone: (919) 451-4204. E-mail:
| | - Erin P. Hines
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
- Address correspondence to *J.F. Kenneke, U.S. EPA, NERL, 960 College Station Rd., Athens, GA 30605 USA. Telephone: (706) 355-8247. E-mail: , or E.P. Hines, U.S. EPA, NCEA, Mail Drop B243-01, RTP, NC 27711 USA. Telephone: (919) 451-4204. E-mail:
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Kezios K, Gu Y, Liu X, Cirillo P, Tarrant D, Petreas M, Park JS, Cohn B, Factor-Litvak P. Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites (OH-PCBs), maternal smoking and size at birth. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 71:166-175. [PMID: 28314564 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In a sample of 442 births from the Child Health and Development Studies cohort, we examined associations between maternal prenatal exposure to hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites (OH-PCBs) and pregnancy outcomes, and whether associations were mediated by maternal thyroid hormone levels and/or modified by maternal smoking. Compared to nonsmokers, smokers had twice the mean concentration of 4-OH-CB107 (p<0.001) and lower levels of its parent compound, PCB118 (p=0.001). Among mothers who smoked, the birth weight of newborns with maternal concentrations of 4-OH-CB107 in the upper quartile was 316g lighter (95% confidence interval (CI) 566, 65) compared to those with maternal concentrations in the lowest quartile, after control for PCB118 and other potential confounders. This association was not observed for non-smoking mothers and was not mediated by maternal thyroid hormone levels. Maternal prenatal 4-OH-CB107 levels appear to be influenced by maternal smoking and contribute to lower birth weight among smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Kezios
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yiwei Gu
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Piera Cirillo
- Child Health and Development Studies, Public Health Institute, Berkeley, CA 94709, USA
| | - Darcy Tarrant
- Department of Toxic Substances Control California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA
| | - Myrto Petreas
- Department of Toxic Substances Control California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA
| | - Jun-Soo Park
- Department of Toxic Substances Control California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA
| | - Barbara Cohn
- Child Health and Development Studies, Public Health Institute, Berkeley, CA 94709, USA
| | - Pam Factor-Litvak
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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45
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Tamm C, Ceccatelli S. Mechanistic insight into neurotoxicity induced by developmental insults. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 482:408-418. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.10.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Bjermo H, Aune M, Cantillana T, Glynn A, Lind PM, Ridefelt P, Darnerud PO. Serum levels of brominated flame retardants (BFRs: PBDE, HBCD) and influence of dietary factors in a population-based study on Swedish adults. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 167:485-491. [PMID: 27750173 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate associations between serum concentrations of brominated flame retardants and personal characteristics, including diet, in adults participating in a population-based study in Sweden 2010-11. Moreover, observed concentrations were used in a health risk assessment, using published health-based reference values. Serum samples of 170 adult individuals of both sexes were analyzed for 10 PBDE congeners and HBCD by GC-MS. When including concentrations between LOD and LOQ, highest median serum concentration was observed for BDE-153 (1.2 ng/g serum lipid), followed by BDE-209 (0.95 ng/g lipid), BDE-47 (0.49 ng/g lipid) and BDE-100 (0.21 ng/g lipid). Median concentration of HBCD was 0.10 ng/g lipid. A few markedly elevated concentrations of BDE-209, HBCD (77-78 ng/g lipid) and BDE-47 (44 ng/g lipid) were observed. The only statistical significant findings were higher BDE-153 concentrations in men than in women, and positive associations between serum BDE-153 concentrations and consumption of fish (total), beef, mutton and poultry. PBDE concentrations were in accordance with concentrations reported in other European countries but generally lower than those found in North America. Median PBDE serum concentrations observed in adults from Sweden suggest sufficient health protection, when compared with published health-based reference values, although some outliers with high serum concentrations had lower safety margins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marie Aune
- Swedish National Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | - P Monica Lind
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Peter Ridefelt
- Clinical Medicine and Pharmacology (at Akademiska Hospital), Uppsala University, Sweden
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Haraguchi K, Ito Y, Takagi M, Fujii Y, Harada KH, Koizumi A. Levels, profiles and dietary sources of hydroxylated PCBs and hydroxylated and methoxylated PBDEs in Japanese women serum samples. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 97:155-162. [PMID: 27615405 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) may result in retention of specific congeners of hydroxylated PCBs (OH-PCBs) and hydroxylated/methoxylated PBDEs (OH-/MeO-PBDEs) in serum. However, dietary sources and biotransformation of OH-/MeO-PBDEs in humans are poorly understood. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the levels, profiles, and exposure sources of OH-/MeO-PBDEs along with OH-PCBs present in human serum. Twenty serum samples pooled from women of four age groups (30s/40s/50s/60s) living in four districts of Japan were analyzed for OH-/MeO-PBDEs, and their profiles were then compared with those of seafood (seaweed and fish). The major component of OH-PCBs in the phenolic fraction of serum was 4-OH-CB187 (mean: 85pgg-1 wet weight (ww)). Total OH-PCBs accounted for about 1/20 of the total PCBs (mean; 1800pgg-1 ww). In contrast, the predominant component of OH-PBDEs in serum was 6-OH-BDE47 (mean: 183pgg-1 ww), which was about 20-fold higher than BDE-47 (mean; 8.7pgg-1 ww). In the neutral fraction, 2'-MeO-BDE68 was primarily found at a similar concentration (mean 5.6pgg-1 ww) to BDE-47. Both 4-OH-PCB187 and 2'-MeO-BDE68 were significantly correlated with woman's age (p<0.01), but not with 6-OH-BDE47 or BDE-47. The profiles of OH-PBDEs in serum were consistent with those in edible seaweeds (Sargassum fusiforme) sold for human consumption, whereas MeO-PBDEs had a similar profile as those in edible fish (Serranidae sp.) from Japanese coastal waters. These findings indicate that the profiles of OH-PBDEs and MeO-PBDEs in Japanese serum are different from those in other countries, and their sources may be specific edible seaweeds and fish, respectively. This is the first report of profiles and dietary sources of OH/MeO-PBDEs in human serum from Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Haraguchi
- Daiichi College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 22-1 Tamagawa-cho, Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-8511, Japan.
| | - Yoshiko Ito
- Daiichi College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 22-1 Tamagawa-cho, Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-8511, Japan
| | - Masae Takagi
- Daiichi College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 22-1 Tamagawa-cho, Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-8511, Japan
| | - Yukiko Fujii
- Daiichi College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 22-1 Tamagawa-cho, Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-8511, Japan; Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Yoshida, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kouji H Harada
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Yoshida, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Akio Koizumi
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Yoshida, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Desaulniers D, Cooke GM, Leingartner K, Soumano K, Cole J, Yang J, Wade M, Yagminas A. Effects of Postnatal Exposure to a Mixture of Polychlorinated Biphenyls, p,p′-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, and p-p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethene in Prepubertal and Adult Female Sprague-Dawley Rats. Int J Toxicol 2016; 24:111-27. [PMID: 16036770 DOI: 10.1080/10915810590936382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The postnatal period is a critical phase of development and a time during which humans are exposed to higher levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), than during subsequent periods of life. There is a paucity of information describing effects of postnatal exposure to environmentally relevant mixtures of POPs, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), p,p′-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethene (DDE). To provide data useful for the risk assessment of postnatal exposure to POPs, mixtures containing 19 PCBs, DDT, and DDE were prepared according to their concentrations previously measured in the milk of Canadian women, and dose-response effects were tested on the proliferation of MCF7-E3 cells in vitro, and in vivo experiments. Female neonates were exposed by gavage at postnatal days (PNDs) 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 with dosages equivalent to 10, 100, and 1000 times the estimated human exposure level over the first 24 days of life. The MCF7-E3 cells showed a 227% increase in the AlamarBlue proliferation index, suggesting estrogen-like properties of the mixture, but this was not confirmed in vivo, given the absence of uterotrophic effects at PND21. An increase (511%) in hepatic ethoxyresorufin- o-deethylase activity at the dose 100 × was the most sensitive endpoint among those measured at PND21 (organ weight, mammary gland and ovarian morphometry, hepatic enzyme inductions, serum thyroxine and pituitary hormones). In liver samples from older female rats (previously involved in a mammary tumor study [Desaulniers et al., Toxicol. Sci. 75:468–480, 2001]), hepatic metabolism of 14C-estradiol-17 β (E2) at PND55 to PND62 was significantly higher in the 1000 × compared to the control group, but hepatic detoxification enzyme activities had already returned to control values. The production of hepatic 2-hydroxy-E2 decreased, whereas that of estrone increased with age. In conclusion, the smallest dose of the mixture to induce significant effects was 100×, and mixture-induced changes in the hepatic metabolism of estrogens might be a sensitive indicator of persistent effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Desaulniers
- Environmental Health Sciences Bureau, Healthy Environment and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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49
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Zhao Y, Liu P, Wang J, Xiao X, Meng X, Zhang Y. Umbilical cord blood PBDEs concentrations are associated with placental DNA methylation. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 97:1-6. [PMID: 27768956 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In utero polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) exposure has been associated with adverse fetal growth. Alterations in placental DNA methylation might mediate those adverse effects. OBJECTIVES To examine the associations between in utero PBDEs exposure and DNA methylation in human placenta. METHODS Eighty apparently healthy mother-newborn pairs delivering at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College were enrolled in this study. Placental DNA methylation of LINE1, NR3C1 and IGF2 was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction-pyrosequencing. In utero PBDEs exposure was assessed by measuring umbilical cord blood PBDEs concentrations. RESULTS For LINE-1, higher levels of BDE-66 exposure were associated with decreased DNA methylation (β=-0.9, 95% CI, -1.8 to -0.1); For NR3C1, BDE-153 concentrations was significantly inversely associated with DNA methylation (β=-2.0, 95% CI, -3.7 to -0.2); For IGF2, elevated concentrations of both BDE-153 (β=-1.7; 95% CI, -3.0 to -0.4) and BDE-209 (β=-1.0; 95% CI, -1. 9 to -0.1) were significantly associated with decreased DNA methylation. CONCLUSIONS We found that placental DNA methylation is associated with in utero PBDEs exposure. Changes in placental DNA methylation might be part of the underlying biological pathway between in utero PBDEs exposure and adverse fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Junyong Wang
- Department of Health Management, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Xirong Xiao
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangzhou Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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50
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Morello-Frosch R, Cushing LJ, Jesdale BM, Schwartz JM, Guo W, Guo T, Wang M, Harwani S, Petropoulou SSE, Duong W, Park JS, Petreas M, Gajek R, Alvaran J, She J, Dobraca D, Das R, Woodruff TJ. Environmental Chemicals in an Urban Population of Pregnant Women and Their Newborns from San Francisco. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:12464-12472. [PMID: 27700069 PMCID: PMC6681912 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b03492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Exposures to environmental pollutants in utero may increase the risk of adverse health effects. We measured the concentrations of 59 potentially harmful chemicals in 77 maternal and 65 paired umbilical cord blood samples collected in San Francisco during 2010-2011, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), hydroxylated PBDEs (OH-PBDEs), and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in serum and metals in whole blood. Consistent with previous studies, we found evidence that concentrations of mercury (Hg) and lower-brominated PBDEs were often higher in umbilical cord blood or serum than in maternal samples (median cord:maternal ratio > 1), while for most PFCs and lead (Pb), concentrations in cord blood or serum were generally equal to or lower than their maternal pair (median cord:maternal ratio ≤ 1). In contrast to the conclusions of a recent review, we found evidence that several PCBs and OCPs were also often higher in cord than maternal serum (median cord:maternal ratio > 1) when concentrations are assessed on a lipid-adjusted basis. Our findings suggest that for many chemicals, fetuses may experience higher exposures than their mothers and highlight the need to characterize potential health risks and inform policies aimed at reducing sources of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Morello-Frosch
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Corresponding authors: or , Telephone: (510) 643-6358 or 415-476-3198
| | - Lara J. Cushing
- Department of Health Education, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Bill M. Jesdale
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Jackie M. Schwartz
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Weihong Guo
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Tan Guo
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Suhash Harwani
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Syrago-Styliani E. Petropoulou
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Wendy Duong
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - June-Soo Park
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Myrto Petreas
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Ryszard Gajek
- Environmental Health Laboratory, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA
| | - Josephine Alvaran
- Environmental Health Laboratory, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA
| | - Jianwen She
- Environmental Health Laboratory, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA
| | - Dina Dobraca
- Environmental Health Investigations Branch, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA
| | - Rupali Das
- Environmental Health Investigations Branch, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, USA
| | - Tracey J. Woodruff
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Corresponding authors: or , Telephone: (510) 643-6358 or 415-476-3198
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