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Blondé J, Falomir-Pichastor JM, Desrichard O. Unveiling the psychological mechanisms of mutual help groups for addiction recovery: The role of social identity factors. BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38809032 DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The effectiveness of mutual help groups (MHGs) in promoting addiction recovery has been widely acknowledged. However, the psychological mechanisms underlying the impact of MHGs remain somewhat uncertain. Drawing on a social identity perspective, this study investigated a sequential mediation model in which social support is posited as a driving factor that enhances abstinence maintenance through group identification, recovery identity, and self-efficacy. A sample of 820 smokers, participating in a 6-month collective smoking cessation programme which included access to an online help group, completed measures of social support, group identification, smoker/ex-smoker identity, and self-efficacy at the programme's outset. Smoking abstinence was assessed 6 and 9 months later. The findings supported the proposed model, indicating that social support was positively associated with MHG identification, which, in turn, was related to a stronger recovery identity. Subsequently, recovery identity was associated with increased self-efficacy, and indirectly, with smoking abstinence at both measurement times. Additional analyses testing alternative mediation models further supported the validity of the proposed model. These findings suggest that social identity factors play significant roles in accounting for the effectiveness of MHGs for addiction recovery.
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Fuchshuber J, Schöber H, Wohlmuth M, Senra H, Rominger C, Schwerdtfeger A, Unterrainer HF. The effectiveness of a standardized tobacco cessation program on psychophysiological parameters in patients with addiction undergoing long-term rehabilitation: a quasi-experimental pilot study. BMC Med 2024; 22:184. [PMID: 38693570 PMCID: PMC11064355 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03405-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although there is a very high comorbidity between tobacco dependence and other addictive disorders, there are only few studies examining the implementation and outcomes of a tobacco cessation program in patients with addictive diseases. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate to what extent a standardized tobacco cessation program leads to improvements regarding psychological/physical parameters in patients with addiction undergoing therapy and whether there is a reduction in tobacco consumption. METHODS The study took place in a therapeutic community specialized in addiction therapy. A total sample of 56 participants were non-randomly assigned to an intervention group (IG; n = 31) and a treatment as usual group (TAUG; n = 25). The IG participated in a 6-week tobacco cessation program, while the TAUG received no additional treatment. Both groups were assessed for changes in primary outcomes (tobacco dependence, smoked cigarettes per day (CPD), and general substance-related craving) and secondary outcomes (heart rate variability (HRV): root mean square of successive differences, self-efficacy, and comorbid psychiatric symptoms) at two measurement time points (pre- and post-treatment/6 weeks). RESULTS We observed significant improvements in self-efficacy (F(1,53) = 5.86; p < .05; ηp2 = .11) and decreased CPD in the IG (β = 1.16, ρ < .05), while no significant changes were observed in the TAUG. No significant interaction effects were observed in psychiatric symptoms, general substance-related craving, and HRV. CONCLUSIONS The results highlight the potential benefit of an additional tobacco cessation program as part of a general addiction treatment. Although no improvements in the physiological domain were observed, there were significant improvements regarding self-efficacy and CPD in the IG compared to the TAUG. Randomized controlled trials on larger samples would be an important next step. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN15684371.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fuchshuber
- Department of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Integrative Addiction Research (CIAR), Grüner Kreis Society, Vienna, Austria
| | - H Schöber
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - M Wohlmuth
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - H Senra
- IEETA, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- School of Health and Social Care, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - C Rominger
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - H F Unterrainer
- Center for Integrative Addiction Research (CIAR), Grüner Kreis Society, Vienna, Austria.
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
- University Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.
- Department of Religious Studies, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Faculty of Psychotherapy Science, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria.
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Schweitzer EM, Urmanche A, Kong J, Hafezi S, Zhao J, Cooperman NA, Konova AB. The role of social connection in opioid use disorder treatment engagement. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2024; 38:222-230. [PMID: 37384450 PMCID: PMC10755080 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Medications for opioid use disorder (OUD or MOUD) treatment combining pharmacotherapy with psychosocial support are effective for managing OUD. However, treatment engagement remains a challenge, with retention rates ∼30%-50%. Although social connection has been identified as important to recovery, it remains unclear whether and how social factors can bolster participation in treatment. METHOD Individuals receiving MOUD at three outpatient treatment programs (N = 82) and healthy community controls (N = 62) completed validated measures assessing social connection including (a) size, diversity, and embeddedness of social networks; (b) perceived social support and criticism within familial relationships; and (c) subjective social status. For those receiving MOUD, we also examined how aspects of social connection related to opioid (re)use and treatment engagement (medication adherence, group, and individual meeting attendance) assessed over ∼8 weeks/person. RESULTS Compared to controls, individuals receiving MOUD had smaller and less diverse and embedded social networks (Cohen's d > 0.4), and despite similar levels of perceived social support (d = 0.02), reported higher levels of social criticism (d = 0.6) and lower subjective social status (d = 0.5). Within the MOUD group, higher social network indices correlated specifically with higher therapeutic group attendance (Rs > 0.30), but not medication adherence, while higher levels of perceived criticism correlated with more frequent opioid use (R = 0.23). Results were mostly robust to control for sociodemographic variables, psychological distress/COVID-19, and treatment duration, but differed by MOUD type/program. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the potential importance of assessing an individual's social capital, promoting positive social connection, and continuing to assess the implementation and value of psychosocial support in MOUD treatment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adelya Urmanche
- University Behavioral Health Care & Brain Health Institute, Rutgers University-New Brunswick
| | - Julia Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers University-New Brunswick
| | - Sahar Hafezi
- Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers University-New Brunswick
| | - Joshua Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers University-New Brunswick
| | | | - Anna B Konova
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Rutgers University-New Brunswick
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Marznaki ZH, Khalilizad M, Moradi A, Mamun MA. Impact of spirituality on elderly people's quality of life and life satisfaction after acute myocardial infarction: Iranian hospital-based study. BJPsych Open 2023; 10:e4. [PMID: 38059462 PMCID: PMC10755561 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2023.593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As people age, survival after a heart attack can affect their quality of life and lead to a decrease in life satisfaction. After a myocardial infarction, elderly patients may experience physical, psychological, emotional and social changes that affect their thoughts and behaviour in relation to spirituality. AIMS To investigate the relationship between spiritual well-being and other sociodemographic and medical history-related factors on quality of life and life satisfaction among elderly people after myocardial infarction. METHOD In a census-based cross-sectional study conducted at the Imam Reza Hospital in Amol, Iran, from May 2020 to May 2021, data on sociodemographics, medical history, subjective well-being, life satisfaction and quality of life were collected from 502 participants who were referred at the heart clinic. RESULTS The findings showed that spiritual well-being dimensions (religious well-being, [self-assessment of one's relationship with God], and existential well-being, [self-assessment of one's sense of purpose in life and life satisfaction]) were not significantly associated with life satisfaction, but a high perception of both dimensions of spiritual well-being were associated with higher self-reported quality of life. A history of past-year hospital admission and cardiopulmonary resuscitation were significant predictors of life satisfaction, and educational level was a predictor of quality of life. CONCLUSIONS The study found no significant association between spiritual well-being and life satisfaction among elderly people following myocardial infarction. This finding might have been influenced by the physical and emotional challenges experienced by the participants during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further studies are needed to confirm this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Majid Khalilizad
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Babol, Iran; and Mobility Impairment Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Azadeh Moradi
- Imam Reza Hospital at Amol City, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammed A. Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; and Department of Public Health, University of South Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Obekpa EO, McCurdy SA, Schick V, Markham CM, Gallardo KR, Wilkerson JM. Health-related quality of life and recovery capital among recovery residents taking medication for opioid use disorder in Texas. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1284192. [PMID: 38054070 PMCID: PMC10694473 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1284192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recovery from opioid use disorder (OUD) includes improvements in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and is supported by recovery capital (RC). Little is known about RC and HRQOL among recovery residents taking medication for OUD. We described HRQOL and RC and identified predictors of HRQOL. Methods Project HOMES is an ongoing longitudinal study implemented in 14 recovery homes in Texas. This is a cross-sectional analysis of data from 358 participants' on HRQOL (five EQ-5D-5L dimensions-mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression) and RC (Assessment of Recovery Capital scores) collected from April 2021 to June 2023. Statistical analyses were conducted using T-, Chi-squared, and Fisher's exact tests. Results Most participants were 35 years/older (50.7%), male (58.9%), non-Hispanic White (68.4%), heterosexual (82.8%), and reported HRQOL problems, mainly anxiety/depression (78.4%) and pain/discomfort (55.7%). Participants who were 35 years/older [mean (SD) = 42.6 (7.3)] were more likely to report mobility and pain/discomfort problems than younger participants. Female participants were more likely to report pain/discomfort problems than male participants. Sexual minorities were more likely to report anxiety/depression problems than heterosexual participants. Married participants and those in committed relationships were more likely to report problems conducting self-care than single/never-married participants. Comorbid conditions were associated with mobility, pain/discomfort, and usual activities problems. Most participants reported high social (65.4%), personal (69.0%), and total (65.6%) RC. Low personal RC was associated with mobility (aOR = 0.43, CI = 0.24-0.76), self-care (aOR = 0.13, CI = 0.04-0.41), usual activities (aOR = 0.25, CI = 0.11-0.57), pain/discomfort (aOR = 0.37, CI = 0.20-0.68), and anxiety/depression (aOR = 0.33, CI = 0.15-0.73) problems. Low total RC was associated with problems conducting self-care (aOR = 0.20, CI = 0.07-0.60), usual activities (aOR = 0.43, CI = 0.22-0.83), pain/discomfort problems (aOR = 0.55, CI = 0.34-0.90), and anxiety/depression (aOR = 0.20, CI = 0.10-0.41) problems. Social RC was not associated with HRQOL. Conclusion Personal and total RC and comorbid conditions predict HRQOL. Although the opioid crisis and the increasing prevalence of comorbidities have been described as epidemics, they are currently being addressed as separate public health issues. Our findings underscore the importance of ensuring residents are provided with interprofessional care to reduce the burden of comorbidities, which can negatively impact their OUD recovery. Their RC should be routinely assessed and enhanced to support their recovery and improve HRQOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth O. Obekpa
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, The University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sheryl A. McCurdy
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, The University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Vanessa Schick
- Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Christine M. Markham
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, The University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Kathryn R. Gallardo
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, The University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Johnny Michael Wilkerson
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, The University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United States
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Dyer A, Böhnke JR, Curran D, McGrath K, Toner P. A systematic review of quality of life and health-related quality of life as outcomes in substance and behavioural addictions. Drug Alcohol Rev 2023; 42:1680-1700. [PMID: 37439397 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
ISSUES Consideration of an individual's quality of life (QoL) can benefit assessment and treatment of addictive disorders, however, uncertainty remains over operationalisation of the construct as an outcome and the appropriateness of existing measures for these populations. This systematic review aimed to identify and evaluate QoL and health-related QoL outcome instruments used in addiction-related risk and harm research and map their conceptualised domains. APPROACH Three electronic databases and a specialised assessment library were searched on 1 February 2022 for QoL or health-related QoL outcome instruments used with addiction-related risk and harm populations. PRISMA reporting guidance was followed and included outcome instruments were appraised using mixed methods. Psychometric evidence supporting their use was summarised. The COSMIN risk of bias tool was used to assess validation studies. KEY FINDINGS A total of 298 articles (330 studies) used 53 outcome instruments and 41 unique domains of QoL. Eleven instruments' psychometric properties were evaluated. No instrument was assessed for any parameter in at least five studies for meta-analytic pooling. Cronbach's alpha (α) internal consistency was the most widely assessed parameter with the AQoLS, WHOQOL-BREF, ALQoL-9, Q-LES-Q-SF, SF-12, DUQoL, QLI and SF-36 displaying promising statistics (α > 0.70). IMPLICATIONS AND CONCLUSION Many instruments have been utilised. However, a significant proportion of studies applied a small number of instruments with minimal high-quality validation evidence supporting their use within addiction-related risk and harm. Promising instruments are recommended, however, the paucity of supporting evidence limits confidence in the reliability and validity of QoL measurement in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Dyer
- Centre for Improving Health-Related Quality of Life, School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Jan R Böhnke
- School of Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - David Curran
- Centre for Improving Health-Related Quality of Life, School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Katie McGrath
- Centre for Improving Health-Related Quality of Life, School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Paul Toner
- Centre for Improving Health-Related Quality of Life, School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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Dick DM, Balcke E, McCutcheon V, Francis M, Kuo S, Salvatore J, Meyers J, Bierut LJ, Schuckit M, Hesselbrock V, Edenberg HJ, Porjesz B, Kuperman S, Kramer J, Bucholz K. The collaborative study on the genetics of alcoholism: Sample and clinical data. GENES, BRAIN, AND BEHAVIOR 2023; 22:e12860. [PMID: 37581339 PMCID: PMC10550787 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The collaborative study on the genetics of alcoholism (COGA) is a multi-site, multidisciplinary project with the goal of identifying how genes are involved in alcohol use disorder and related outcomes, and characterizing how genetic risk unfolds across development and in conjunction with the environment and brain function. COGA is a multi-generational family-based study in which probands were recruited through alcohol treatment centers, along with a set of community comparison families. Nearly 18,000 individuals from >2200 families have been assessed over a period of over 30 years with a rich phenotypic battery that includes semi-structured psychiatric interviews and questionnaire measures, along with DNA collection and electrophysiological data on a large subset. Participants range in age from 7 to 97, with many having longitudinal assessments, providing a valuable opportunity to study alcohol use and problems across the lifespan. Here we provide an overview of data collection methods for the COGA sample, and details about sample characteristics and comorbidity. We also review key research findings that have emerged from analyses of the COGA data. COGA data are available broadly to researchers, and we hope this overview will encourage further collaboration and use of these data to advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M. Dick
- Department of PsychiatryRutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
| | - Emily Balcke
- Department of PsychiatryRutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
| | - Vivia McCutcheon
- Department of PsychiatryWashington University School of Medicine in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Meredith Francis
- School of Social WorkVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA
| | - Sally Kuo
- Department of PsychiatryRutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
| | - Jessica Salvatore
- Department of PsychiatryRutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA
| | - Jacquelyn Meyers
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesSUNY Downstate Health Sciences UniversityBrooklynNew YorkUSA
| | - Laura J. Bierut
- Department of PsychiatryWashington University School of Medicine in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Marc Schuckit
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of California San Diego School of MedicineLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Victor Hesselbrock
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Connecticut School of MedicineFarmingtonConnecticutUSA
| | - Howard J. Edenberg
- Department of Medical and Molecular GeneticsIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Bernice Porjesz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesSUNY Downstate Health Sciences UniversityBrooklynNew YorkUSA
| | - Samuel Kuperman
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - John Kramer
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Kathleen Bucholz
- Department of PsychiatryWashington University School of Medicine in St. LouisSt. LouisMissouriUSA
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Zemore SE, Ziemer KL, Gilbert PA, Karno MP, Kaskutas LA. Understanding the Shared Meaning of Recovery From Substance Use Disorders: New Findings From the What is Recovery? Study. Subst Abuse 2023; 17:11782218231199372. [PMID: 37731748 PMCID: PMC10508054 DOI: 10.1177/11782218231199372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Substance use disorder (SUD) resolution typically involves a long-term, comprehensive process of change now widely referred to as "recovery." Yet, definitions of recovery vary substantially, producing significant confusion. To support formal recovery definitions, we aimed to systematically identify recovery elements that are central to those in recovery and shared regardless of subgroup/pathway. Methods Data were from the What is Recovery? Study, involving a diverse, national, online survey of people in recovery (N = 9341). Surveys included a 35-item recovery measure reflecting 4 domains; participants reported whether or not each element definitely belonged in their recovery definitions. Analyses examined item endorsements overall and among 30 subgroups defined a priori (by sociodemographics, substance use characteristics, and help-seeking history) to determine where items met study-specific centrality thresholds (ie, endorsement by ⩾80% and top-10 ranking, by endorsement level). We then classified items as "core" if meeting centrality thresholds both overall and for all 30 subgroups, and "prevalent" if meeting centrality thresholds overall and for 26 to 29 subgroups. Results Four "core" recovery elements emerged, including a process of growth or development; being honest with oneself; taking responsibility for the things one can change; and reacting in a more balanced way. Four "prevalent" recovery elements also emerged, referencing the ability to enjoy life and handle negative feelings without substance use; abstinence and/or nonproblematic substance use; and living a life that contributes. Subgroups differing most in their endorsements included those reporting mild/moderate SUD severity; non-abstinent recovery; and no specialty treatment or mutual-help group attendance. Conclusions Recovery elements identified here partially reflect some stakeholder definitions, but offer greater specificity and include novel elements (eg, personal integrity). Elements may point to areas of functioning that are damaged in the addiction process and can support an addiction-free life. Findings should inform institutional recovery definitions; SUD services and research; and communications about recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelly L Ziemer
- School of Social Welfare, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Paul A Gilbert
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Mitchell P Karno
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Independent clinician
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Wnuk M, Charzyńska E. Does Forgiveness Underlie the Relationship Between Religiosity and Meaning in Life Among Members of Sexaholics Anonymous in Poland? JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023:10.1007/s10943-023-01842-3. [PMID: 37294376 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01842-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Religiosity and meaning in life are recognized as factors supporting recovery from addictions. However, little is known about the moral mechanisms involved in the relationship between religiosity and meaning in life among individuals with addictions. The main purpose of this study was to test the direct and indirect (through forgiveness by God/higher power and interpersonal forgiveness) relationships between subjective religiosity and the presence of meaning in life among 80 members (72 men and 8 women) of Sexaholics Anonymous (SA) in Poland. The following measures were used: a single-item measure of subjective religiosity, subscales from the Forgiveness Scale and the Heartland Forgiveness Scale, and the Meaning in Life Questionnaire. The sequential mediation model was tested using Hayes PROCESS macro. The results showed a direct positive relationship between subjective religiosity and the presence of meaning in life. Moreover, subjective religiosity was positively related to forgiveness by God/higher power, which, in turn, directly and indirectly (through interpersonal forgiveness) predicted higher levels of the presence of meaning in life. The study suggests that among SA members, religious faith facilitates perceiving one's own life as meaningful, both directly and indirectly, through aspects of forgiveness. Members of SA may benefit from their belief in God/higher power and religiously-rooted forgiveness to support the meaning-making processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Wnuk
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Szamarzewskiego 89/AB, 60-568, Poznań, Poland
| | - Edyta Charzyńska
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology, Institute of Pedagogy, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 12, 40-007, Katowice, Poland.
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Carl A, Pasman E, Broman MJ, Lister JJ, Agius E, Resko SM. Experiences of Healthcare and Substance Use Treatment Provider-based Stigma Among Patients Receiving Methadone. DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE REPORTS 2023; 6:100138. [PMID: 36994374 PMCID: PMC10040326 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadr.2023.100138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Medications for Opioid Use Disorder (MOUD) are efficacious, however only one-third of individuals with an opioid use disorder (OUD) enter into treatment. Low rates of MOUD utilization are partially due to stigma. This study examines provider-based stigma toward MOUD and identifies factors associated with experiencing stigma related to MOUD from substance use treatment and healthcare providers among people receiving methadone. Methods Clients receiving MOUD at an opioid treatment program (N = 247) were recruited to complete a cross-sectional computer-based survey assessing socio-demographics, substance use, depression and anxiety symptoms, self-stigma, and recovery supports/barriers. Logistic regression was used to examine factors associated with hearing negative comments about MOUD from substance use treatment and healthcare providers. Results 27.9% and 56.7% of respondents reported they sometimes/often hear negative comments about MOUD from substance use treatment and healthcare providers, respectively. Logistic regression results indicate that individuals who experience more negative consequences resulting from their OUD (OR=1.09, p=.019) had greater odds of hearing negative comments from substance use treatment providers. Age (OR=0.966, p=.017) and treatment stigma (OR=1.42, p=.030) were associated with greater odds of hearing negative comments from healthcare providers. Conclusions Stigma can be a deterrent to seeking substance use treatment, healthcare, and recovery support. Understanding factors associated with experiencing stigma from substance use treatment providers and healthcare providers is important as these individuals may act as advocates for those with OUD. This study highlights individual factors associated with hearing negative comments about methadone and other MOUD and point to areas for targeted education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Carl
- School of Social Work, Wayne State University, 5447 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Emily Pasman
- School of Social Work, Wayne State University, 5447 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Michael J. Broman
- School of Social Work, Wayne State University, 5447 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Jamey J. Lister
- School of Social Work, Rutgers University – New Brunswick, 120 Albany Street, Tower One, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Elizabeth Agius
- School of Social Work, Wayne State University, 5447 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Stella M. Resko
- School of Social Work, Wayne State University, 5447 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, Wayne State University, 71 E Ferry St, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Corresponding author.
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11
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Valencia MLC, Peters B. Factors related to motivation and barriers influencing treatment and recovery process of methamphetamine use disorder through in-depth, semi-structured, qualitative interviews. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2023.2166610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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12
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Ryan D, Naughton M, de Faoite M, Dowd T, Morrissey AM. An Occupation-Based Lifestyle Lecture Intervention as Part of Inpatient Addiction Recovery Treatment: Exploring Occupational Performance, Balance and Personal Recovery. SUBSTANCE ABUSE: RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2023; 17:11782218231165123. [PMID: 37020725 PMCID: PMC10068992 DOI: 10.1177/11782218231165123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Substance use disorders (SUDs) and addictive behaviours are growing problems which negatively impact health and wellbeing. Occupational therapy can support recovery by facilitating engagement in everyday activities that promote health. To date, the inclusion of occupational therapy in addiction recovery is limited and the evidence base for occupation-focused interventions is lacking. This study explores the impact of an occupational therapy-led intervention on self-reported occupational performance and occupational balance issues for people living with SUDs within an inpatient addiction service. Methodology: A quantitative pre and post-test study was implemented. The Canadian Personal Recovery Outcome Measure (C-PROM) was the sole outcome measure. The C-PROM is a self-report measure which aims to measure personal views of recovery based on rating activity engagement. The cohort of participants were recruited from referrals into 2 inpatient addiction recovery treatment programmes using purposive sampling. Descriptive statistics were run, and a Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used to analyse pre and post-test scoring. Results: Sixteen participants (9 male and 7 female) completed the intervention and outcome measure. The majority of participants (31.3%, n = 5) were between 45 and 54 years old. 25% of the sample (n = 4) were in the 35 to 44 age bracket while 18.8% (n = 3) were aged 55 to 64. The majority of participants (68.8%, n = 11) reported substance misuse as their main healthcare concern. The mean score on the C-PROM was significantly higher after participants received the intervention when compared with baseline scoring. Conclusion: Following engagement with an occupational therapist-led intervention participants reported increased engagement in activities and occupational performance. Participants also reported improved occupational balance and increased awareness of personal recovery needs. Further research is required to explore the effectiveness of this intervention in larger samples and to explore the transferability and sustainability of skills post discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deirdre Ryan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, St Patrick’s Mental Health Services, Dublin 8, Ireland
- Deirdre Ryan, Department of Occupational Therapy, St Patrick’s Mental Health Services, James’s Street North, Dublin 8 D08K7YW, Ireland.
| | - Marie Naughton
- Department of Psychiatry, St Patrick’s Mental Health Services, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Meabh de Faoite
- Department of Occupational Therapy, St Patrick’s Mental Health Services, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Tara Dowd
- Department of Nursing, St Patrick’s Mental Health Services, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Ann-Marie Morrissey
- School of Allied Health, Ageing Research Centre, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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Athamneh LN, King MJ, Craft WH, Freitas-Lemos R, Tomlinson DC, Yeh YH, Bickel WK. The Associations between Remission Status, Discounting Rates, and Recovery from Substance Use Disorders. Subst Use Misuse 2023; 58:275-282. [PMID: 36622296 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2022.2161312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background: Recovery from substance use disorders (SUDs) requires sustained and purposeful support to maintain long-term remission. Methods: This study investigated the association between assessment of recovery capital, household chaos, delay discounting (DD) and probability discounting (PD), and remission status among individuals in recovery from SUD. Data from 281 participants from the International Quit & Recovery Registry (IQRR), an ongoing online registry that aims to study the recovery process, were included in the analysis. Results: Lower DD rates and higher recovery capital were found among those in remission compared to those not in remission after controlling for demographics. In contrast, the association of household chaos and PD with remission status were insignificant. Overall, DD accounted for 20% of the total effect between the recovery capital and the remission status. Conclusion: This study contributes to the understanding of recovery as a multidimensional process, supports DD as a behavioral marker of addiction, and suggests areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqa N Athamneh
- Addiction Recovery Research Center, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, Virginia, USA.,Center for Transformative Research on Health Behaviors, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Michele J King
- Addiction Recovery Research Center, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, Virginia, USA.,Center for Transformative Research on Health Behaviors, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - William H Craft
- Addiction Recovery Research Center, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, Virginia, USA.,Center for Transformative Research on Health Behaviors, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Roberta Freitas-Lemos
- Addiction Recovery Research Center, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, Virginia, USA.,Center for Transformative Research on Health Behaviors, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Devin C Tomlinson
- Addiction Recovery Research Center, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, Virginia, USA.,Center for Transformative Research on Health Behaviors, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Yu-Hua Yeh
- Addiction Recovery Research Center, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, Virginia, USA.,Center for Transformative Research on Health Behaviors, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
| | - Warren K Bickel
- Addiction Recovery Research Center, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, Virginia, USA.,Center for Transformative Research on Health Behaviors, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
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14
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Schumm J, Wong C, Okrant E, Tharp JA, Embree J, Lester N. Factor Structure of the Brief Addiction Monitor in a Non-Veteran Substance Use Disorder Outpatient Treatment Sample. DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE REPORTS 2022; 5:100125. [PMID: 36844173 PMCID: PMC9948935 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadr.2022.100125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background The Brief Addiction Monitor (BAM) was developed as a comprehensive substance use disorder (SUD) outcome metric to fill a gap in quality measurement. Research to date has only examined the psychometric performance of this measure in veteran SUD populations. The purpose of the current research is to examine the factor structure and validity in a non-veteran SUD population. Methods Non-veteran patients admitted to a SUD treatment program (N = 2,227) completed BAM at intake. After confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to evaluate the measurement model validity of previously defined latent structures, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to assess the factor structure and psychometric properties of the BAM within the full sample and within subgroups, specifically racial, referral source (mandated vs. not), and primary SUD diagnosis. Results Exploratory factor analyses in the full sample supported a 4-factor model (representing Stressors, Alcohol Use, Risk Factors, and Protective Factors) derived from 13 items. Subsequent EFAs conducted separately in each subgroup revealed variability in the number of resulting factors and pattern matrices. The internal consistency also varied among factors and between subgroups; in general, reliability was greatest for the Alcohol Use scale and either poor or questionable for pattern matrices resulting in scales reflecting Risk or Protective Factors. Conclusion Findings from our study suggest that the BAM might not be a reliable and valid instrument for all populations. More research is needed to develop and validate tools that are clinically meaningful and allow clinicians to track recovery progress over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah Schumm
- School of Professional Psychology, College of Health, Education, and Human Services, Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Hwy, Dayton, OH, 45435,Samaritan Behavioral Health, Inc./OneFifteen, Inc., 707 S Edwin C Moses Blvd, Dayton, OH, 45417,Correspondence should be addressed to Jeremiah A. Schumm, Wright State University, School of Professional Psychology, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, Dayton, OH, 45435-0001
| | - Celeste Wong
- Verily, LLC, 269 E Grand Ave, South San Francisco, CA, 94080
| | | | - Jordan A. Tharp
- Verily, LLC, 269 E Grand Ave, South San Francisco, CA, 94080
| | - Jared Embree
- OneFifteen, Inc., 6636 Longshore St Suite 200, Dublin, OH, 43017
| | - Natalie Lester
- Verily, LLC, 269 E Grand Ave, South San Francisco, CA, 94080,OneFifteen, Inc., 6636 Longshore St Suite 200, Dublin, OH, 43017
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15
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Patients' experiences of continued treatment with extended-release naltrexone: a Norwegian qualitative study. Addict Sci Clin Pract 2022; 17:36. [PMID: 35850782 PMCID: PMC9290197 DOI: 10.1186/s13722-022-00317-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The opioid antagonist extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) in the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD) is effective in terms of safety, abstinence from opioid use and retention in treatment. However, it is unclear how patients experience and adjust to losing the possibility of achieving an opioid effect. This qualitative study is the first to explore how people with opioid dependence experience XR-NTX treatment, focusing on the process of treatment over time. Methods Using a purposive sampling strategy, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 19 persons with opioid use disorder (15 men, four women, 22–55 years of age) participating in a clinical trial of XR-NTX in Norway. The interviewees had received at least three XR-NTX injections. Qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach was used. Findings Participants described that XR-NTX treatment had many advantages. However they still faced multiple challenges, some of which they were not prepared for. Having to find a new foothold and adapt to no longer gaining an effect from opioids due to the antagonist medication was challenging. This was especially true for those struggling emotionally and transitioning into the harmful use of non-opioid substances. Additional support was considered crucial. Even so, the treatment led to an opportunity to participate in society and reclaim identity. Participants had strong goals for the future and described that XR-NTX enabled a more meaningful life. Expectations of a better life could however turn into broken hopes. Although participants were largely optimistic about the future, thinking about the end of treatment could cause apprehension. Conclusions XR-NTX treatment offers freedom from opioids and can facilitate the recovery process for people with OUD. However, our findings also highlight several challenges associated with XR-NTX treatment, emphasizing the importance of monitoring emotional difficulties and increase of non-opioid substances during treatment. As opioid abstinence in itself does not necessarily equal recovery, our findings underscore the importance of seeing XR-NTX as part of a comprehensive, individualized treatment approach. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov # NCT03647774, first Registered: Aug 28, 2018.
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16
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Lee BK, Ofori Dei SM. Changes in Work Status, Couple Adjustment, and Recovery Capital: Secondary Analysis of Data From a Congruence Couple Therapy Randomized Controlled Trial. Subst Abuse 2022; 16:11782218221088875. [PMID: 35645564 PMCID: PMC9130820 DOI: 10.1177/11782218221088875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Employment and family/social relationships are 2 of the highest priorities among those in substance use recovery. This study examined the relationship of work status with couple adjustment and other recovery capital treatment outcomes among symptomatic alcohol, substance use, and gambling participants (N = 38) using data collected in a randomized trial comparing a systemic Congruence Couple Therapy (CCT) and individual-based Treatment-as-Usual (TAU). Method Change scores and associations between work status and couple adjustment together with 8 other recovery outcome variables at post-treatment (5 months from baseline) and follow-up (8 months from baseline) in TAU (n = 17) and CCT (n = 21) were analyzed. Results Number of those working increased with both CCT and TAU but without reaching significance in either CCT (Cochran's Q = 5.429, P = .066) or TAU (Cochran's Q = 2.800, P = .247). Relative to those not working in the combined sample, those working showed significantly improved scores in post-treatment and follow-up in addictive symptoms, couple adjustment, psychiatric symptoms, depression, and life stress. Separating the CCT and TAU groups, similar trend was found in the CCT group but was inconsistent in the TAU group. Conclusion Significantly greater improvement in addictive symptoms and recovery capital of couple adjustment, mental health, and life stress was found in the working vs not-working group. Compared to individual-based TAU, exploratory findings indicate that the systemic treatment of CCT showed a clearer and more consistent difference in improved working days, addictive symptoms and recovery capital. Replication with larger samples is needed to generalize these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie K Lee
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of
Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Samuel M Ofori Dei
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of
Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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17
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Wnuk M, Charzyńska E. Involvement in Sexaholics Anonymous and life satisfaction: The mediating role of meaning in life and hope. J Behav Addict 2022; 11. [PMID: 35583964 PMCID: PMC9295246 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2022.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Some people are preoccupied with their sexual urges and fantasies and lose control over their sexual behaviors, which can cause adverse consequences for their health and well-being. One of the options available for individuals seeking treatment for compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD) is a self-help group based on the twelve-step program. The main purpose of the current study was to examine the direct and indirect (through meaning in life and hope) relationships between involvement in Sexaholics Anonymous (SA) and life satisfaction. Methods The sample consisted of 80 Polish members of SA (72 men and 8 women) with a mean age of 38.96 years (SD = 10.56). The Sex Addiction Screening Test-Revised, the Meaning of Life Questionnaire, the Herth Hope Index, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and items adapted from the Alcoholics Anonymous Involvement Scale were used to measure the study variables. Results Path analysis showed a direct positive relationship between SA involvement and life satisfaction. Moreover, the relationship between these variables was mediated by the presence of meaning in life and hope. Simultaneously, more severe symptoms of CSBD were related to lower levels of the presence of meaning in life and higher levels of the search for meaning in life, which, in turn, predicted lower levels of life satisfaction. Discussion and conclusions The results suggest that finding meaning in life and restoring hope partly underlie the relationship between SA involvement and life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Wnuk
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Szamarzewskiego 89, 60-568, Poznań, Poland
| | - Edyta Charzyńska
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 12, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
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18
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Francis MW, Bourdon JL, Chan G, Dick DM, Edenberg HJ, Kamarajan C, Kinreich S, Kramer J, I-Chun Kuo S, Pandey AK, Pandey G, Smith RL, Bucholz KK, McCutcheon VV. Deriving a Measure of Social Recovery Capital From the Important People and Activities Instrument: Construction and Psychometric Properties. Alcohol Alcohol 2022; 57:322-329. [PMID: 35356964 PMCID: PMC9086804 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agac014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study presents a measure of Social Recovery Capital (SRC) derived from the Important People and Activities instrument (IPA). METHODS The sample comprised young adults who participated in the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism, a high-risk family study of alcohol use disorder (N = 2472). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis identified influential items and factor structure, adjusting for family relatedness. The final scale was tested for reliability and validity. RESULTS Factor analysis retained 10 items loading on three factors (Network Abstinence Behaviors, Basic Network Structure and Network Importance) that together explained 42% of the variance in SRC. The total model showed adequate fit (Comparative Fit Index = 0.95; Tucker Lewis Index = 0.93; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.06; Standardized Root Mean Squared Residual = 0.05) and acceptable reliability (α = 0.60; McDonald's ω = 0.73) and correlated with validation measures mostly in the weak to moderate range. Due to variable factor scores for reliability and validity, we only recommend using the total score. CONCLUSION The SRC-IPA is a novel measure of SRC derived from the IPA that captures social network data and has applications in research and clinical work. Secondary data analyses using the SRC-IPA in studies that collected the IPA can further demonstrate the interaction of SRC with a wide variety of clinical indicators and demographic characteristics, making it a valuable addition to other measures of SRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith W Francis
- Washington University in St. Louis, Brown School of Social Work, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jessica L Bourdon
- Wellbridge Addiction Treatment and Research, Center for Addiction Science, Calverton, NY, USA
| | - Grace Chan
- University of Connecticut, Department of Psychiatry, Farmington, CT, USA
- University of Iowa, Department of Psychiatry, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Danielle M Dick
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Psychology, Richmond, VA, USA
| | | | - Chella Kamarajan
- SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Department of Psychiatry, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Sivan Kinreich
- SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Department of Psychiatry, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - John Kramer
- University of Iowa, Department of Psychiatry, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Sally I-Chun Kuo
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Psychology, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Ashwini K Pandey
- SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Department of Psychiatry, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Gayathri Pandey
- SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Department of Psychiatry, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca L Smith
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Psychology, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Kathleen K Bucholz
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Psychiatry, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Vivia V McCutcheon
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Psychiatry, St. Louis, MO, USA
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19
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Foulis SJ, Rigby K, Loftus A, Satchidanand N, Holmes D. Patient-centered addiction medicine: What patients say helps them the most in their recovery - the role of whole-person Healthcare and prayer in opioid addiction recovery. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03060-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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20
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Kaur A, Lal R, Sen MS, Sarkar S. Comparison of Recovery Capital in Patients with Alcohol and Opioid Dependence - An Exploratory Study. ADDICTION & HEALTH 2022; 14:105-114. [PMID: 36544508 PMCID: PMC9743817 DOI: 10.22122/ahj.2022.196722.1314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Recovery capital helps in the assessment of the personal strengths and challenges that exist in an individual with substance use which may have an impact on recovery process. This study aims at finding out the factors which help such individuals to sustain their recovery and how these factors differ across the two groups of people suffering from Alcohol Dependence Syndrome and Opioid Dependence Syndrome. Methods A cross-sectional observational was designed where sociodemographic and clinical variables, the recovery capital ARC (Assessment of Recovery Capital) Scale and Severity of substance use SDS (Severity of Dependence) Scale of patients diagnosed with Alcohol Dependence Syndrome (ADS group) and those with Opioid Dependence Syndrome (ODS group) were assessed among patients not reporting withdrawal symptoms. Findings A total of 49 subjects in the ODS group and 30 subjects in the ADS group were enrolled. The majority of the subjects in both groups were married, belonged to urban areas, practiced Hinduism, and were living in nuclear families. There was a significant difference between the educational status (p<0.001), religion practiced (p<0.001), age of onset of dependence (p<0.001), severity of dependence (p=0.11), and duration of abstinence (p<0.001) between the ADS and ODS groups. The mean scores on ARC Scale were 45.9 (S.D. =3.5) in the ODS group and 47.4 (S.D. =4.3) in the ADS group. ADS group had higher scores in Social Support Domain (p=0.034) and Housing and Safety domain (p=0.025). Other domains like global health, citizenship, meaningful activities, risk-taking, coping, and recovery experience did not significantly differ between the groups. Conclusion This study aims at comparing the recovery capital of ADS patients with ODS patients. It also suggests that tailored treatment plans for people with ADS and ODS especially in housing and social support and common treatment approach in other domains of recovery will help them sustain the state for a longer term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apinderjit Kaur
- Department of Psychiatry and NDDTC, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Lal
- Department of Psychiatry and NDDTC, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mahadev Singh Sen
- Department of Psychiatry and NDDTC, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India,Correspondence to: Mahadev Singh Sen; Department of Psychiatry and NDDTC, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India;
| | - Siddharth Sarkar
- Department of Psychiatry and NDDTC, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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21
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Rathinam B, Ezhumalai S. Perceived Social Support among Abstinent Individuals with Substance use disorder. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOCIAL REHABILITATION AND MENTAL HEALTH 2022; 9:81-87. [PMID: 35402144 PMCID: PMC8992735 DOI: 10.1007/s40737-021-00237-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substance use disorder is a major public health concern in India. Understanding social support among persons who were abstaining from substance use would help in promoting long-term abstinence. AIM To examine perceived social support among abstinent individuals with substance use disorder. METHODS Cross-sectional study design was used. Sixty subjects who were attending follow-up service were selected consecutively from out-patient specialty clinic (Addiction Medicine), tertiary care teaching hospital, Bangalore. Persons with SUDs between the age of 18-60 years with minimum abstinence period of three months and above were included. Exploratory analysis such as descriptive statistics, spearmen correlation was used. The study was approved by Institute ethics committee. RESULTS Mean age of the respondents was 39.6 (S.D ±9.5) years. Majority (60%) do not have peer pressure, majority (60%) had diagnosis of alcohol dependence and 80% had past history of abstinence, 40% were maintaining abstinence from three to six months. Majority (60%) were never hospitalized. Mean score of perceived social support among persons who were abstaining 90 days and above were 61.48 (±13.50) indicating high perceived social support. CONCLUSION Perceived social support was higher among persons who were abstaining from substance use for three months and above.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharath Rathinam
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore-560029
| | - Sinu Ezhumalai
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore-560029
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22
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Positive and negative religiousness and search for meaning: Impact on treatment of substance abuse after 6 months. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 230:109182. [PMID: 34864358 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Religiousness and meaning in life are protective factors against addiction. Understanding this relationship may help to improve treatment. The aim of the current study was to assess the associations of positive and negative religiousness and search for meaning with treatment outcome, for patients with substance disorder (SUD). METHOD The sample consisted of 115 participants attending a Christian drug addiction treatment center in the Netherlands. The study had a longitudinal design in which associations of positive/negative religiousness and search for meaning at baseline (T0) with treatment outcome after six months (T1) were assessed by means of regression analyses. Treatment outcome was measured by clinical dysfunction and the degree of addiction. Instruments used were the ROM (Routine Outcome Monitoring) Meaning and Religious Faith, the Outcome Questionnaire (OQ-45) and the Measurements in the Addictions for Triage and Evaluations (MATE-1). RESULTS A high degree of positive religiousness at T0 was associated with less addiction at T1 (p < .01). A high degree of negative religiousness at T0 was related to more clinical dysfunction at T1 (p = <0.05). A higher search for meaning at T0 predicted a higher level of addiction at T1 (p = <0.05). CONCLUSIONS Positive religiousness is associated with less, whereas search for meaning is associated with more addiction after six months. Negative religiousness is not associated with addiction, but with clinical dysfunction. Health professionals are recommended to assess these factors at the start of treatment and to consider possibilities to integrate them into treatment.
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23
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Monico LB, Ludwig A, Lertch E, Schwartz RP, Fishman M, Mitchell SG. Post-residential treatment outpatient care preferences: Perspectives of youth with opioid use disorder. J Subst Abuse Treat 2021; 137:108692. [PMID: 34920900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We know little about what youth with opioid use disorders (OUD) think about outpatient substance use treatment and 12-step meetings following discharge from residential substance use treatment. This study explores youths' preferences between intensive outpatient treatment (IOP) and community-based 12-step groups. METHOD The study recruited youth (n = 35) from a larger randomized trial (N = 288) that examined the effectiveness of extended-release naltrexone versus treatment-as-usual. This study asked the youth to participate in semi-structured qualitative interviews at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months post-residential treatment discharge. Qualitative interviews probed youths' key decision points during the six-months following residential treatment for OUD, including medication and counseling, and 12-step continuation in the community. RESULTS Qualitative analyses revealed three overarching themes related to youths' preferences for either IOP or 12-step meetings: structure of recovery support, mechanisms of accountability, and relationships. CONCLUSION Despite varying preferences, this analysis highlights the complexity of benefits that youth report receiving from each approach. Research has yet to determine the degree to which these approaches are complementary or supplementary for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura B Monico
- Friends Research Institute, Inc., 1040 Park Avenue, Suite 103, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America.
| | - Ariel Ludwig
- Friends Research Institute, Inc., 1040 Park Avenue, Suite 103, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Lertch
- Friends Research Institute, Inc., 1040 Park Avenue, Suite 103, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America
| | - Robert P Schwartz
- Friends Research Institute, Inc., 1040 Park Avenue, Suite 103, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America
| | - Marc Fishman
- Mountain Manor Treatment Center, 3800 Frederick Ave, Baltimore, MD 21229, United States of America
| | - Shannon Gwin Mitchell
- Friends Research Institute, Inc., 1040 Park Avenue, Suite 103, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America
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24
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Bertz JW, Smith KE, Panlilio LV, Stull SW, Reamer D, Murville ML, Sullivan M, Holtyn AF, Toegel F, Epstein DH, Phillips KA, Preston KL. Quality of life during a randomized trial of a therapeutic-workplace intervention for opioid use disorder: Web-based mobile assessments reveal effects of drug abstinence and access to paid work. DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE REPORTS 2021; 1:100011. [PMID: 36843907 PMCID: PMC9948824 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadr.2021.100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Employment and improved quality of life (QOL) are, separately, valued outcomes of substance use disorder (SUD) treatment. It is also important to understand QOL changes caused by employment itself; therefore, we assessed QOL during a randomized trial of a contingency-management-based Therapeutic Workplace for people with opioid use disorder. Methods For 12 weeks, participants (n = 61) responded to QOL questionnaires in a mobile web app accessed with study-issued smartphones. At enrollment, participants were randomized to work in the Therapeutic Workplace immediately (immediate work group, IWG) or after a 3-week waitlist delay (delayed work group, DWG). Once both groups could work, wage-resetting contingencies were introduced for their opiate- and cocaine-urinalysis. Data were analyzed by (1) access to work with and without contingencies and (2) overall urinalysis-verified opiate- and cocaine-abstinence. Results DWG and/or IWG reported improvements in several QOL areas (sleep, transportation, recreation); however, they also reported increased money-related difficulties and less time spent with friends/family. These changes did not coincide with DWG's work access, but some (more sleep, money-related difficulties) coincided with the urinalysis contingencies. Greater opiate- and/or cocaine-abstinence was also associated with several improvements: sleep, paying bills, time spent with friends/family, and exercising. Surprisingly, intermediate cocaine abstinence was associated with reductions in work-capacity satisfaction and recreation. Conclusions Participants reported complex QOL differences during their experimental employment and associated with drug abstinence. Future work should help participants address issues that may be relevant to employment generally (e.g., time with friends/family) or contingency management specifically (e.g., money-related issues for non-abstinent participants).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah W. Bertz
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 251 Bayview Blvd., Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States,Corresponding author.
| | - Kirsten E. Smith
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 251 Bayview Blvd., Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | - Leigh V. Panlilio
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 251 Bayview Blvd., Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | - Samuel W. Stull
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 251 Bayview Blvd., Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | - David Reamer
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 251 Bayview Blvd., Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | | | | | - August F. Holtyn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Forrest Toegel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - David H. Epstein
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 251 Bayview Blvd., Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | - Karran A. Phillips
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 251 Bayview Blvd., Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | - Kenzie L. Preston
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 251 Bayview Blvd., Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
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Vitorino LM, Possetti JG, Silva MT, de Souza Santos G, Lucchetti G, Moreira-Almeida A, Guimarães MVC. The role of spirituality and religiosity on suicidal ideation of homeless people in a large Brazilian urban center. J Affect Disord 2021; 295:930-936. [PMID: 34706464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicidal ideation is an important mental health issue among homeless people. Despite the fact that spirituality and religiousness (S/R) have been associated with lower levels of suicide behavior, there is little evidence on this relationship among homeless individuals. Thus, this study aims to investigate the association between S/R and suicidal ideation among homeless people living in a large Brazilian city. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 456 homeless individuals living in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Logistic and linear regression models were used to determine the role of religious and spiritual beliefs (Duke Religion Index, FACIT SP-12 and Brief-RCOPE) on suicidal ideation, after adjustements. RESULTS Most participants were male (75%) with a mean age of 44.53(SD 12.62) years. A total of 49.6% had significant depressive symptoms and the prevalence of suicidal ideation was 29.8%. In the adjusted logistic regression, higher levels of religiousness (organizational, nonorganizational and intrinsic), positive religious/spiritual coping, peace and meaning were associated with a lower suicidal ideation. The same results were found when using linear regression models. LIMITATIONS Long questionnaires can be factors of inhibition and fatigue for the participants. Suicidal ideation was based on a single question. CONCLUSION Our results revealed a high prevalence of suicidal ideation and depression in our sample. Religiousness and spirtuality were important factors in the life of homeless individuals, being negatively associated with suicidal ideation. These results could make healthcare professionals aware of the importance of addressing S/R issues in this vulnerable population.
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Majer JM, Jason LA, Bobak TJ. An examination of abstinence social support among recovery home residents with psychiatric comorbidity. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 228:108971. [PMID: 34508961 PMCID: PMC8595772 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although social support is a resource that helps persons in their recovery from substance use disorders, it is not clear whether specific types buffer the effects of stress and optimize outcomes for those with psychiatric comorbidity. This investigation examined two types of social support in relation to lengths of stay to identify mechanisms related to retention among individuals with psychiatric comorbidity living in community-based settings. METHODS Baseline rates of social support (abstinence specific and general types) and stress were examined in relation to follow-up lengths of stay (at four-months and beyond) among individuals (N = 368) with psychiatric comorbidity (n = 90) and no psychiatric comorbidity (n = 278) living in community-based settings (Oxford Houses) in the U.S. The psychiatric severity index of the Addiction Severity Index was used as a proxy measure of psychiatric comorbidity. Moderated mediation analyses were conducted to test the potential mediating effects of abstinence social support and general social support on the relationship between stress and lengths of stay, and whether these were influenced by psychiatric comorbidity. RESULTS A full mediating effect was observed for abstinence social support for residents with psychiatric comorbidity, whereas a partial mediating effect for general social support was observed for all residents. CONCLUSIONS Findings demonstrate qualities of social support have differential effects, substantiating the notion that specific components of social support optimize outcomes for those with psychiatric comorbidity living in recovery homes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M. Majer
- Social and Behavioral Sciences Department, Harry S. Truman College, 1145 W. Wilson Ave., Chicago, IL 60640 USA
| | - Leonard A. Jason
- Center for Community Research, DePaul University, 990 W. Fullerton Ave., Suite 3100, Chicago, IL 60614 USA
| | - Ted J. Bobak
- Center for Community Research, DePaul University, 990 W. Fullerton Ave., Suite 3100, Chicago, IL 60614 USA
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Studying Social Media Burnout and Problematic Social Media use: The implication of perfectionism and metacognitions. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chbr.2021.100117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Benville JR, Compton P, Giordano NA, Cheatle MD. Perceived social support in patients with chronic pain with and without opioid use disorder and role of medication for opioid use disorder. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 221:108619. [PMID: 33667781 PMCID: PMC8796693 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A significant predictor of treatment outcomes for patients with chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) and opioid use disorder (OUD) is the degree and quality of social support they receive. Specifically, in patients with CNCP and on long-term opioid therapy, the development of OUD tends to be associated with losses in social support, while engagement in treatment for OUD improves support networks. Delivery of the evidence-based OUD treatment medications, methadone and buprenorphine, occurs in clinical environments which patently differ with respect to social support resources. The aims of this study were to describe perceived social support in patients with CNCP without OUD (no-OUD), with OUD and on buprenorphine (OUD-BP), and with OUD and on methadone (OUD-methadone). METHODS Using the Duke Social Support Index (DSSI), perceived social support in a sample of Caucasian patients with CNCP and on opioid therapy was compared between no-OUDs (n = 834), OUD-methadone (n = 83) and OUD-BP (n = 99) therapy. Average DSSI scores were compared across groups and a linear regression model computed to describe association between group and perceived social support. RESULTS No difference was observed in DSSI scores between no-OUDs and OUD-methadone, however scores were lower among OUD-BP participants than those receiving methadone (x = -5.2; 95% CI: -7.5, -2.9) and (x = -6.5, 95% CI: -8.2, -4.9). CONCLUSIONS Patients with CNCP and OUD on methadone therapy endorse levels of social support comparable to those without OUD, however those on buprenorphine therapy report significantly less support, bringing implications for OUD treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia R Benville
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Suite 500, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States; Department of Psychiatry, NYU School of Medicine, Bellevue Hospital, 462 First Avenue, Room A842, New York, NY 10016, United States.
| | - Peggy Compton
- Department of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, 418 Curie Blvd, Claire Fagin Hall, Room 402, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States.
| | - Nicholas A Giordano
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, United States.
| | - Martin D Cheatle
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Suite 500, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States.
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Kelley A, Steinberg R, McCoy TP, Pack R, Pepion L. Exploring recovery: Findings from a six-year evaluation of an American Indian peer recovery support program. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 221:108559. [PMID: 33548899 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify correlates of short-term recovery among American Indians who participated in the Transitional Recovery and Culture (TRAC) Program, a Peer Recovery Support (PRS) program. Research aims (As) were A1. How do recovery capital resources and indicators of recovery differ between TRAC participants who completed a six-month follow-up and those who did not? A2. How much did recovery capital resource measures change between intake and six-month follow-up? A3. Which recovery capital resources are associated with balanced recovery? METHODS We used the medicine wheel evaluation framework. Each concept within the framework - spiritual, emotional, mental, and physical health - was incorporated into a composite recovery outcome variable. TRAC enrolled 422 American Indians from 2014 to 2019 living in Montana and Wyoming. Six-month change was examined among 214 program participants that completed the six-month program. RESULTS We observed significant change for the following recovery capital resources: stable housing, being occupied, attending recovery groups, interacting with family and friends, past substance use activity, and self-reported health status. Logistic regression results for balanced short-term recovery showed that improving or maintaining occupation (AOR = 6.73, p = 0.0026), interacting with family or friends (AOR = 4.66, p = 0.0050), and still receiving services at follow-up (AOR = 2.25, p = 0.0487) were associated with significant increased odds of higher balanced short-term recovery scores. CONCLUSION PRS helps American Indian people achieve short-term recovery. Future efforts should focus on how to retain peers in PRS programs, and the recovery capital needed to sustain long-term recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyson Kelley
- Allyson Kelley & Associates PLLC, 69705 Lake Drive Sisters, OR, 97759, USA.
| | - Rachel Steinberg
- Colorado School of Public Health, Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver Colorado, 13001 E. 17th Place Mail Stop B119, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Thomas P McCoy
- University of North Carolina at Greensboro, PO Box 26170, Greensboro, NC, 27402-6170, USA.
| | - Roy Pack
- Rocky Mountain Tribal Leaders Council, 2929 3rd Ave N, Ste 300 Billings, MT, 59101, USA.
| | - Lita Pepion
- Rocky Mountain Tribal Leaders Council, 2929 3rd Ave N, Ste 300 Billings, MT, 59101, USA.
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Blount TN, LaGuardia AC, Fitzpatrick DC. African American Women's Substance Use Recovery Experiences: A Phenomenological Inquiry. COUNSELING AND VALUES 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cvj.12146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Quality of life among people who use drugs living in poor urban communities in the Philippines. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2021; 93:103160. [PMID: 33721576 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quality of life (QOL) and mental health of people who use drugs (PWUD) in the Philippines, especially those living in poor urban communities, are highly concerning due to the situations surrounding drug use and the ongoing hard-line antidrug policy. This study aimed to investigate the QOL and mental health status of PWUD, compare them with a comparison group with no history of drug use, and identify factors associated with QOL among Filipino PWUD. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with recruitment from a community-based rehabilitation programme and poor urban communities in Muntinlupa in 2018. QOL was measured using the WHOQOL-BREF, while psychological distress and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-6) and the Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5 (PC-PTSD-5), respectively. Multivariable linear regressions with each WHOQOL-BREF domain as a dependent factor were conducted to establish three predictions: age- and gender-adjusted QOL means, factors associated with QOL among PWUD, and interaction of lifetime drug use with each covariate. RESULTS In total, 272 PWUD and 402 comparison participants were recruited. Most PWUD were current drug users (53%), primarily of methamphetamine (70%). Among PWUD, the prevalence of moderate to severe psychological distress was 70%, and probable PTSD was 28%-both rates higher than those among the comparison group. All four QOL domain scores (physical, psychological, social, and environmental) of PWUD were lower than those of the comparison group. Multivariable regressions showed that psychological distress, current drug use, selling drugs, experiencing discrimination, and being never-married were associated with lower QOL. Higher individual income, household resources, social activity participation, and service use for drug use problems were associated with higher QOL among PWUD. Stratified and interaction analyses revealed that the QOL of PWUD was more sensitive to changes in individual income relative to the QOL of comparison group. CONCLUSION A comprehensive intervention addressing psychological distress reduction, economic empowerment, and social inclusion-complementary to abstinence-oriented programmes-may improve the well-being of Filipino PWUD.
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Implications of posttraumatic growth for the treatment of comorbid substance abuse among survivors of traumatic experiences. J Subst Abuse Treat 2021; 126:108289. [PMID: 34116806 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Research suggests that individuals treated for substance use disorders are not routinely assessed for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology despite high rates of comorbidity. One area of research that has been overlooked in theory, research, and practice on the comorbidity of substance use disorders and PTSD is the study of post-traumatic growth. The purpose of the current study is to explore the relevance of post-traumatic growth for the treatment of comorbid substance use disorders among individuals suffering from traumatic stress or PTSD. METHOD A sample of 256 adults who survived the 2010 earthquake in Haiti completed measures of coping and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI). The study regressed a measure of substance use coping on the scores on the subscales of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory adjusting for PTSD symptoms, general coping, and religious coping. RESULTS The findings suggest that one PTGI subscale, appreciation of life, was a statistically significant predictor of substance use coping among trauma survivors. CONCLUSION The principles of post-traumatic growth may have clinical implications for comorbid substance use among survivors of traumatic events. This study provides a path forward in efforts to create rapprochement between basic research and clinical services in the treatment of comorbid substance use in trauma survivors.
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Jha D, Singh R. Analysis of associations between emotions and activities of drug users and their addiction recovery tendencies from social media posts using structural equation modeling. BMC Bioinformatics 2020; 21:554. [PMID: 33375934 PMCID: PMC7772931 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-020-03893-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Addiction to drugs and alcohol constitutes one of the significant factors underlying the decline in life expectancy in the US. Several context-specific reasons influence drug use and recovery. In particular emotional distress, physical pain, relationships, and self-development efforts are known to be some of the factors associated with addiction recovery. Unfortunately, many of these factors are not directly observable and quantifying, and assessing their impact can be difficult. Based on social media posts of users engaged in substance use and recovery on the forum Reddit, we employed two psycholinguistic tools, Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count and Empath and activities of substance users on various Reddit sub-forums to analyze behavior underlining addiction recovery and relapse. We then employed a statistical analysis technique called structural equation modeling to assess the effects of these latent factors on recovery and relapse. Results We found that both emotional distress and physical pain significantly influence addiction recovery behavior. Self-development activities and social relationships of the substance users were also found to enable recovery. Furthermore, within the context of self-development activities, those that were related to influencing the mental and physical well-being of substance users were found to be positively associated with addiction recovery. We also determined that lack of social activities and physical exercise can enable a relapse. Moreover, geography, especially life in rural areas, appears to have a greater correlation with addiction relapse. Conclusions The paper describes how observable variables can be extracted from social media and then be used to model important latent constructs that impact addiction recovery and relapse. We also report factors that impact self-induced addiction recovery and relapse. To the best of our knowledge, this paper represents the first use of structural equation modeling of social media data with the goal of analyzing factors influencing addiction recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeptanshu Jha
- Department of Computer Science, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Ave., San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA
| | - Rahul Singh
- Department of Computer Science, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Ave., San Francisco, CA, 94132, USA.
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Francis MW. Transitions of Women's Substance Use Recovery Networks and 12-Month Sobriety Outcomes. SOCIAL NETWORKS 2020; 63:1-10. [PMID: 32675917 PMCID: PMC7365593 DOI: 10.1016/j.socnet.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about how the structure and composition of women's personal social networks (PSNs) combine to support recovery from substance use disorders, how PSNs change during early recovery, or how known covariates such as trauma, co-occurring mental health disorders, or treatment modality impact this relationship. This study used latent profile and transition analyses with 6 recovery-specific PSN indicators in a sample of women in early recovery (N=377) to identify three PSN typologies in relation to abstinence outcomes over 12 months, and track transitions between the typologies at 0-6 and 6-12 months. Women in the Highly Connected type (14.3%) had tightly-knit networks, more sober alters, and fewer treatment-related alters. Women in the Treatment-Related type (49.3%) had looser-knit networks with more sober and sobriety-supporting alters and alters they know from treatment. Women in the At-Risk type (36.3%) had more isolates, few sobriety-supporting alters, and more alters with whom they used. Women in the Treatment-Related Sobriety Support type were significantly more likely to maintain sobriety by 12 months (B=-0.81; OR=2.09, 95% CI [1.23-3.56]) than women in the At Risk type. Higher mean Trauma Symptom Checklist scores were positively related to membership in the At Risk type. The majority of women who transitioned did so by 6 months, with 41.6% transitioning then. Women in the At Risk group had the highest probability of transition (P=0.55). Being in residential treatment (versus outpatient) predicted lower odds of transitioning (B= -0.81, p=.06). This study provides a framework for conducting longitudinal latent variable analysis with social network data, and offers a clinically-useful starting point for research on individualized, targeted, and stage-based interventions for women in recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith W Francis
- Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Hanauer M, Svetina Valdivia D. Validation and utility study of the 10 item brief adult health capital scale (BACHS-10). J Health Psychol 2020; 27:332-340. [PMID: 32878501 DOI: 10.1177/1359105320953469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Current methods for assessing health capital are not accessible to clinicians. To increase accessibility, we evaluated a Brief Adult Health Capital Scale (BAHCS-10) using classical and modern testing theories. With 588 clients, we found an adequate fit for the BAHCS-10χscaled2(35)=97.19,p<.01, CFIscaled = 0.949, TLIscaled = 0.935, RMSEA = 0.077, and the SRMR = 0.060. We also found evidence of invariance across race but did find significant non-invariance across some items for gender and age. Future researchers should review items displaying noninvariance and develop optimal cut scores for the BAHCS-10 to further support clinician decision making.
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Segal G. ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS "SPIRITUALITY" AND LONG-TERM SOBRIETY MAINTENANCE AS A TOPIC FOR INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDY. Behav Brain Res 2020; 389:112645. [PMID: 32353394 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The foundational literature of Alcoholics Anonymous provides a good example of how ideas from different intellectual paradigms can be woven together to enhance understanding of addiction and recovery. A detailed hypothesis about how the 12 steps of Alcoholics Anonymous work as a program of emotion management is presented. The hypothesis assigns a central role to a secular interpretation of spirituality, consistent with naturalism. Clinical research which appears to indicate that spirituality is not the chief mechanism of recovery in Alcoholics Anonymous is critiqued. Interdisciplinary research is required, if the extent and nature of the efficacy of AA's 12 steps are to be understood.
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Chen X, Mo PKH, Li J, Lau JTF. Factors Associated with Drug Use Among HIV-Infected Men Who Have Sex with Men in China. AIDS Behav 2020; 24:1612-1620. [PMID: 31486007 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-019-02660-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug use is globally more prevalent in HIV-positive men who have sex with men (HIVMSM) than their heterosexual counterparts. Yet, few studies have investigated the factors associated with drug use among this population beyond Western societies. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to examine factors associated with drug use among 415 HIVMSM in Chengdu, China. The results show that 10.8% of the participants had used drugs in the past 30 days. Among participants who had anal intercourse in the past 30 days, 11.5% had used drugs during anal intercourse. After adjusting for background variables, logistic regression models show that life satisfaction was associated with past 30-day drug use [Adjusted Odds Ratio (ORa) = 0.90, p < 0.001], and with drug use during anal intercourse in the past 30 days (ORa = 0.89, p < 0.01). Participants with more nonregular partners were more likely to use drugs with or without sex in the past 30 days, whereas those with one regular partner were less likely to use drugs during anal intercourse compared to their counterparts with no regular partners. The findings of this study are informative for designing effective substance-use intervention programs targeting HIVMSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Phoenix K H Mo
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinghua Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Joseph T F Lau
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong.
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
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Harrison R, Van Hout MC, Cochrane M, Eckley L, Noonan R, Timpson H, Sumnall H. Experiences of Sustainable Abstinence-Based Recovery: an Exploratory Study of Three Recovery Communities (RC) in England. Int J Ment Health Addict 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-018-9967-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Logan TK, Cole J, Walker R. Examining Recovery Program Participants by Gender: Program Completion, Relapse, and Multidimensional Status 12 Months After Program Entry. JOURNAL OF DRUG ISSUES 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0022042620923985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study examined individual-level characteristics and factors associated with program completion, relapse, and multidimensional status at follow-up for 213 men and 248 women who entered one of 17 peer-led recovery programs and who completed a follow-up interview 12 months later. Study results found that although there were some significant gender differences at program entry among participants entering Recovery Kentucky, there were few gender differences at follow-up. In addition, although participants had significant psychosocial problems, polysubstance use patterns, and severe substance use disorder (SUD), the majority of both men and women reported completing the program (80.3%), a small minority reported relapse (9.5%), and about one third had worse multidimensional status about 12 months after program entry. Lower quality of life rating at program entry was associated with program completion and with better multidimensional status at follow-up. Study results suggest the recovery program provides an important option for some of the most vulnerable individuals with SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- TK Logan
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
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Inanlou M, Bahmani B, Farhoudian A, Rafiee F. Addiction Recovery: A Systematized Review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2020; 15:172-181. [PMID: 32426014 PMCID: PMC7215253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Despite the fact that a practical definition of addiction recovery is necessary to conduct an appropriate intervention and research, this concept is still vague and there is no consensus over its meaning and how to measure it. Thus, this study aimed to define and clarify this concept based on the available literature. Method : The theoretical part of Schwartz_Barcott and Kim's Hybrid Model of concept analysis was used to analyze the concept of "Addiction Recovery." To find the relevant literature, an electronic search on valid databases was conducted using keywords related to the concept of addiction recovery. Medlib, IranMedex, Magiran, SID, Irandoc, Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Scopus, Pro Quest, CINAHL, Science Direct, Ovid, and Wiley databases were searched up to December 2018 without a time limitation using the following keywords: "Substance use disorders", "Drug use", "Recovery", "Opioids", "Addiction treatment", "Dependency", "Rehabilitation", Remission", "Concept analysis", "Restore", "Definition", "Meaning", and "Conceptualization". The Conventional content analysis was used on selected research articles. Results: From a total of 9520 articles, 39 were reviewed and analyzed. Five attributes were selected, including the process of change, being holistic, being client-centric, learning healthy coping, and being multistage. Antecedents are organized into 2 interacting categories: personal and social resources. Personal resources refer to the person, his/her addiction, and the treatment characteristics, while social resources refer to the family, the community, and the context resources. Addiction recovery leads to sustained abstinence, improved physical and psychological health, improved quality of life and satisfaction, meaningful living, and citizenship. Conclusion: These findings may form a basis for the theories, scales, and criteria for the assessment of addiction recovery and will be useful in clinical practices and research. Also, these findings could help health care professionals to understand the concept of addiction recovery, which is important in improving the recovering person in all aspects of rehabilitation. We will report the implementation and analytical phase of this research project, namely, "the addiction recovery concept analysis" in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnoosh Inanlou
- Department of Counseling, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences. Tehran, Iran.,Corresponding Author: Address: Department of Counseling, kodakyar Avenue, Daneshjo Boulvard, Evin, Tehran, Iran, Postal Code: 1985713834. Tel: 98-2122180061, Fax: 98-22180109,
| | - Bahman Bahmani
- Department of Counseling, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences. Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Farhoudian
- Substance Abuse and Dependence Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences,Tehran, Iran; Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran
| | - Forough Rafiee
- Nursing Care Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Harvey LM, Fan W, Cano MÁ, Vaughan EL, Arbona C, Essa S, Sanchez H, de Dios MA. Psychosocial intervention utilization and substance abuse treatment outcomes in a multisite sample of individuals who use opioids. J Subst Abuse Treat 2020; 112:68-75. [PMID: 32199548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2020.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are several relatively safe and effective FDA-approved medications for Opioid Use Disorder (OUD). Despite the existence of these medications, the rate of returning to opioid use after treatment is relatively high, underscoring the need for continued enhancement of treatments. Adjunctive psychosocial interventions paired with medication have been shown to improve OUD treatment outcomes. However, studies have yet to conclusively examine the distinct effects of the most widely utilized psychosocial treatment modalities. The current study will investigate the relationship between individual counseling, group therapy, and 12-Step participation and illicit opioid abstinence at the end of treatment, 1 and 3 months after treatment. METHOD A secondary analysis was conducted with data from a sample of 570 individuals diagnosed with OUD who were recruited from eight substance abuse treatment centers in the United States. Participants were enrolled in a two-group randomized, controlled trial testing buprenorphine-naloxone versus extended-release naltrexone for OUD. A two-level hierarchical linear growth model was used to examine the effects of individual counseling, group therapy, and 12-Step participation on illicit opioid abstinence (urinanalyses) 1- and 3-months post-treatment. RESULTS Hours of individual counseling and 12-Step participation significantly predicted abstinence at follow-up (p < .001, b = -0.59, 95% CI [0.42, 0.74]; p < .01, b = -0.05, 95% CI [0.92, 0.98]). There was a significant interaction between individual counseling and 12-Step participation (p < .01, b = -0.06, 95% CI [1.02, 1.10]). Additionally, participant age and employment status were significant predictors of illicit opioid abstinence (p < .01, b = -0.02, 95% CI [0.97, 0.99]; p < .01, b = -0.38, 95% CI [0.52, 0.90]). Hours of group therapy was not found to significantly predict illicit opioid abstinence. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that greater levels of individual therapy and 12-Step participation may be beneficial for individuals receiving medication treatment for OUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Harvey
- Department of Psychological, Health, & Learning Sciences, University of Houston, 3657 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX 77204, United States
| | - Weihua Fan
- Department of Psychological, Health, & Learning Sciences, University of Houston, 3657 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX 77204, United States
| | - Miguel Ángel Cano
- Department of Epidemiology, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St AHC5, Miami, FL 33199, United States
| | - Ellen L Vaughan
- Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, Indiana University, 201 N Rose Ave, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States
| | - Consuelo Arbona
- Department of Psychological, Health, & Learning Sciences, University of Houston, 3657 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX 77204, United States
| | - Saman Essa
- Department of Psychological, Health, & Learning Sciences, University of Houston, 3657 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX 77204, United States
| | - Helen Sanchez
- Department of Psychological, Health, & Learning Sciences, University of Houston, 3657 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX 77204, United States
| | - Marcel A de Dios
- Department of Psychological, Health, & Learning Sciences, University of Houston, 3657 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX 77204, United States; HEALTH Research Institute, University of Houston, 4849 Calhoun Rd, Houston, TX 77204, United States.
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Satinsky EN, Doran K, Felton JW, Kleinman M, Dean D, Magidson JF. Adapting a peer recovery coach-delivered behavioral activation intervention for problematic substance use in a medically underserved community in Baltimore City. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228084. [PMID: 32004328 PMCID: PMC6993963 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-income, racial/ethnic minority groups have disproportionately high rates of problematic substance use yet face barriers in accessing evidence-based interventions (EBIs). Peer recovery coaches (PRCs), individuals with lived experience with problematic substance use, may provide an effective approach to reaching these individuals. Traditionally PRCs have focused on bridging to other types of care rather than delivering EBIs themselves. The aim of this study was to assess perceptions of the appropriateness of a PRC-delivered adapted behavioral activation (BA) intervention to reduce problematic substance use for individuals not engaged in care. This study was conducted at a community resource center in Baltimore, Maryland serving low-income and homeless clients who have high rates of problematic substance use yet also face barriers to accessing care. Guided by the ADAPT-ITT framework, we conducted semi-structured key informant interviews with clients (n = 30) with past or present problematic substance use, and a focus group with community providers, including staff at the community resource center (n = 5) and PRCs (n = 6) from the community. Thirty percent (n = 9) of clients interviewed reported past problematic substance use and 70% (n = 21) met criteria for current use, most commonly cocaine and opioids. Clients, center staff, and PRCs shared that PRC-delivered BA could be acceptable and appropriate with suggested adaptations, including adding peer-delivered case-management and linkage to care alongside BA, and tailoring BA to include activities that are accessible and feasible in the community. These findings will inform the adaptation of PRC-delivered BA to address problematic substance use in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily N. Satinsky
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kelly Doran
- Department of Nursing, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Julia W. Felton
- Department of Public Health, Michigan State University, Flint, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Mary Kleinman
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Dwayne Dean
- Department of Nursing, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jessica F. Magidson
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
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Mokhtari MR, Alavi M, Pahlavanzadeh S, Weimand BM, Visentin D, Cleary M. Comparison of the effectiveness of a 12 step substance use recovery program on quality of life. Nurs Health Sci 2019; 22:390-397. [PMID: 31828941 DOI: 10.1111/nhs.12668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Substance-related disorders can adversely impact quality of life. This study assessed a 12 step program on health-related quality of life for Iranian individuals seeking to recover from substance use. The study used a quasi-experimental, two group, three stage, pre- and post-test design and collected data at baseline, and at 1 and 3 months' post-intervention. The treatment group comprised 35 participants in a 12 step program with a non-equivalent comparison group of individuals admitted to addiction treatment centers. Physical and mental health quality-of-life domains were assessed using the Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire. The treatment group improved in all aspects of health-related quality of life. The treatment group improved compared to the comparison group for two of eight quality of life dimensions - physical functioning and role limitations due to emotional problems - at 1 month post-intervention. There were additional improvements at 3 months' follow up in six of eight quality-of-life subscales compared to the comparison group. The benefits to quality of life related to mental health recovery extended beyond the treatment program, indicating that the program principles were effectively implemented in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Mokhtari
- Student Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mousa Alavi
- Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saeid Pahlavanzadeh
- Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bente M Weimand
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Evidence and Social Innovation, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queens University, Belfast, Ireland.,Department of Research and Development Mental Health, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Denis Visentin
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michelle Cleary
- School of Nursing, University of Tasmania, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Employment recovery capital in the treatment of substance use disorders: Six-month follow-up observations. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 205:107624. [PMID: 31645013 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recovery capital represents client strengths associated with substance use disorder (SUD) recovery. Employment is part of recovery capital supporting long-term recovery. However, specific employment recovery capital (ERC) factors associated with SUD recovery are not well understood. METHODS The present study used retrospective logistic regression modeling to predict treatment completion at discharge and substance use at six-month follow-up from employment variables at intake and follow-up. An additional exploratory follow-up of ERC Change is further investigated. Existing clinical data from a random selection of all Iowa SUD treatment facilities receiving public funding from 1999-2016. Clients in the study (N = 8,925) were a mean age of 31.7 (SD = 11.8), mostly male (67.2%), and primarily White (86.6%). Measurements included substance use, treatment completion, ERC Change, demographic, and treatment statistical control variables. RESULTS Results demonstrated that employment variables at intake predicted greater successful treatment completion, p < 0.0001. However, the same employment variables were predictive of maintained and increased use at six-month follow-up. Further investigation showed the best predictors of post-treatment recovery was a change in employment variables including months employed increase (AOR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.34-1.75) and days missed from work due to substance use decrease (AOR = 2.43, 95% CI = 2.00-2.96). CONCLUSIONS Researchers and providers can help improve client recovery with intervention design, consultation, and policies focused on vocational growth in addition to employment benchmarks of gross income, full-time employment, occupation, primary support, months employed, and work missed. ERC is a promising route to improve the lives for those involved with substance use disorders.
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Majer JM, Jason LA, Hickey P, Joshua N, Jeong H, Bobak TJ. Social Support among Oxford House Residents Utilizing Medication-Assisted Treatments. ALCOHOLISM TREATMENT QUARTERLY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/07347324.2019.1678445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John M. Majer
- Social Science Department, Harry S. Truman College, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Leonard A. Jason
- Center for Community Research, DePaul University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Patrick Hickey
- Social Science Department, Harry S. Truman College, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Norris Joshua
- Center for Community Research, DePaul University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hayoung Jeong
- Social Science Department, Harry S. Truman College, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ted J. Bobak
- Center for Community Research, DePaul University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Relationship between Self-Identity Confusion and Internet Addiction among College Students: The Mediating Effects of Psychological Inflexibility and Experiential Avoidance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16173225. [PMID: 31484435 PMCID: PMC6747481 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16173225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Internet addiction (IA) has become a major public health problem among college students. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between self-identity confusion and IA and the mediating effects of psychological inflexibility and experiential avoidance (PI/EA) indicators in college students. A total of 500 college students (262 women and 238 men) were recruited. Their levels of self-identity were evaluated using the Self-Concept and Identity Measure. Their levels of PI/EA were examined using the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II. The severity of IA was assessed using the Chen Internet Addiction Scale. The relationships among self- identity, PI/EA, and IA were examined using structural equation modeling. The severity of self-identity confusion was positively associated with both the severity of PI/EA and the severity of IA. In addition, the severity of PI/EA indicators was positively associated with the severity of IA. These results demonstrated that the severity of self-identity confusion was related to the severity of IA, either directly or indirectly. The indirect relationship was mediated by the severity of PI/EA. Self-identity confusion and PI/EA should be taken into consideration by the community of professionals working on IA. Early detection and intervention of self-identity confusion and PI/EA should be the objectives for programs aiming to lower the risk of IA.
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The efficacy of spiritual/religious interventions for substance use problems: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 202:134-148. [PMID: 31349206 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spiritual/religious (S/R) interventions are commonly used to treat substance use problems, but this is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to examine their efficacy for these problems. METHODS Ten electronic databases were searched to identify eligible studies (i.e., randomized controlled trials) published between January 1990 and February 2018 that examined S/R interventions' efficacy for substance use or psycho-social-spiritual outcomes. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed risks of bias. Robust variance estimation in meta-regression was used to estimate effect sizes and conduct moderator analysis. RESULTS Twenty studies comprising 3700 participants met inclusion criteria. Four studies used inactive controls, 14 used active controls, and two used both inactive and active controls and were therefore included in estimating both absolute and relative effect sizes. The absolute effect of S/R interventions (compared with inactive controls such as no treatment) was moderate but non-significant (six studies, d = .537, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -.316, 1.390), possibly due to low power. The relative effect of S/R interventions (compared with other interventions) was statistically significant (16 studies, d = .176, 95% CI = .001, .358). Because only 12-step-oriented interventions were compared with other interventions, this finding does not apply to the relative effect of non-12-step-oriented S/R interventions. Moderator analysis showed that relative effect sizes differ significantly by country. CONCLUSION We found evidence of S/R interventions' efficacy in helping people with substance use problems. More high-quality efficacy studies of non-12-step-oriented S/R interventions for substance use problems are needed.
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Developing the Spirituality in Recovery Framework: The Function of Spirituality in 12-Step Substance Use Disorder Recovery. JOURNAL OF HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0022167819871742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A large portion of substance use disorder recovery research has incorporated the study of mutual-aid 12-Step programs and faith-based programs. However, spirituality as a centerpiece of substance use disorder recovery, as an actionable or operationalized means of transformative change, is not well studied. As many individuals in recovery point to spirituality as the chief means by which they have overcome their substance use disorder, this represents a significant gap in the current literature. Though spirituality is difficult to operationalize and measure, several previous studies have examined aspects of the role of spirituality in the recovery process. This current article puts forth a theoretical framework in which leading articles involving spirituality in recovery are synthesized in order to inform a functional, theoretical model of change that can be utilized in future research design.
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Di Maggio I, Santilli S, Nota L. Stories of courage in a group of adults with Substance Use Disorder. Addict Behav Rep 2019; 10:100203. [PMID: 31388554 PMCID: PMC6667656 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2019.100203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment for drug addiction is considered a difficult path for the most of patients. As matter of fact, individuals with Substance Use Disorder (SUD) experience numerous challenges before, during and after the treatment (e.g. tackling an unpredictable, uncertain and paradoxically negative future, tackling the anxiety and anticipatory fear of physical pain associated with abstinence; decide to go beyond self-justification and self-deception). Courage could be considered a positive and functional resource to help people with SUD to face challenges and difficulties related to treatment. In connection therewith, the aim of this study was to examine, using an embedded mix method analysis, the personal stories of courage of 80 individuals with SUD in order to identify the themes and types of courage used in their life. The analysis carried out showed that individuals with SUD reported more frequently stories of courage related to their SUD condition respect to other life situation. Moreover, the quantitative analysis showed that participants used more frequently psychological courage respect to moral and physical courage when these stories were referred to their SUD condition then other life situations. The analysis carried out showed that individuals with SUD reported more frequently stories of courage related to their SUD condition respect to other life situation. The analysis carried out showed that participants used more frequently psychological courage respect to moral and physical courage The analysis carried out showed that participants used more frequently psychological courage when these stories were referred to their SUD condition then other life situations
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Di Maggio
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Santilli
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Nota
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Giannelli E, Gold C, Bieleninik L, Ghetti C, Gelo OCG. Dialectical behaviour therapy and 12‐step programmes for substance use disorder: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. COUNSELLING & PSYCHOTHERAPY RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/capr.12228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ezechiele Giannelli
- Department of History, Society and Human Studies University of Salento Lecce Italy
| | - Christian Gold
- GAMUT The Grieg Academy – Department of Music University of Bergen Bergen Norway
| | - Lucja Bieleninik
- GAMUT The Grieg Academy – Department of Music University of Bergen Bergen Norway
- Institute of Psychology University of Gdansk Gdansk Poland
| | - Claire Ghetti
- GAMUT The Grieg Academy – Department of Music University of Bergen Bergen Norway
| | - Omar C. G. Gelo
- Department of History, Society and Human Studies University of Salento Lecce Italy
- Faculty of Psychotherapy Science Sigmund Freud University Vienna Austria
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