1
|
Tu H, Gao Q, Zhou Y, Peng L, Wu D, Zhang D, Yang J. The role of sirtuins in intervertebral disc degeneration: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential. J Cell Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38922861 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is one of the main causes of low back pain, which affects the patients' quality of life and health and imposes a significant socioeconomic burden. Despite great efforts made by researchers to understand the pathogenesis of IDD, effective strategies for preventing and treating this disease remain very limited. Sirtuins are a highly conserved family of (NAD+)-dependent deacetylases in mammals that are involved in a variety of metabolic processes in vivo. In recent years, sirtuins have attracted much attention owing to their regulatory roles in IDD on physiological activities such as inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy, aging, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function. At the same time, many studies have explored the therapeutic effects of sirtuins-targeting activators or micro-RNA in IDD. This review summarizes the molecular pathways of sirtuins involved in IDD, and summarizes the therapeutic role of activators or micro-RNA targeting Sirtuins in IDD, as well as the current limitations and challenges, with a view to provide possible solutions for the treatment of IDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yumeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Peng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource & Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Demao Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ying Y, Cai K, Cai X, Zhang K, Qiu R, Jiang G, Luo K. Recent advances in the repair of degenerative intervertebral disc for preclinical applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1259731. [PMID: 37811372 PMCID: PMC10557490 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1259731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The intervertebral disc (IVD) is a load-bearing, avascular tissue that cushions pressure and increases flexibility in the spine. Under the influence of obesity, injury, and reduced nutrient supply, it develops pathological changes such as fibular annulus (AF) injury, disc herniation, and inflammation, eventually leading to intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Lower back pain (LBP) caused by IDD is a severe chronic disorder that severely affects patients' quality of life and has a substantial socioeconomic impact. Patients may consider surgical treatment after conservative treatment has failed. However, the broken AF cannot be repaired after surgery, and the incidence of re-protrusion and reoccurring pain is high, possibly leading to a degeneration of the adjacent vertebrae. Therefore, effective treatment strategies must be explored to repair and prevent IDD. This paper systematically reviews recent advances in repairing IVD, describes its advantages and shortcomings, and explores the future direction of repair technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yijian Ying
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kaiwen Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiongxiong Cai
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rongzhang Qiu
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guoqiang Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kefeng Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mayoral Rojals V, Amescua Garcia C, Denegri P, Narvaez Tamayo MA, Varrassi G. The Invasive Management of Pain: Diagnosis and New Treatment Options. Cureus 2023; 15:e42717. [PMID: 37654942 PMCID: PMC10466260 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Both the diagnosis and treatment of pain are evolving, especially in interventional approaches. Diagnosis of low back pain combines old and new methodologies, in particular, it involves an expanded role for ultrasound. While low back pain is a common complaint, there are many etiologies to the condition which must be explored before a final diagnosis can be made and treatment planned. Tumors and infections are rarely involved in low back pain but should be ruled out in the initial phase itself since failing to address them early can have devastating consequences. Some invasive treatments seem promising in the management of low back pain. Treating musculoskeletal pain with regenerative medicine, such as platelet-rich plasma, holds great promise. Autologous blood products are safe and may help stimulate the body's own responses for regeneration. The so-called "orthobiologics" play a role in sports medicine and the treatment of musculoskeletal pain. Neuromodulation, especially spinal cord stimulation, is undergoing a renaissance with new waveforms, devices, and a greater albeit incomplete understanding of its mechanisms of action. Spinal cord stimulation is not a first-line therapy and not all patients or all back problems respond to this treatment. Nevertheless, the therapy can be safe, effective, and cost-effective with appropriate patient selection. Radiofrequency ablation of nerves in the form of neurotomy can be effective in reducing the pain of osteoarthritis. These procedures, including the newer cooled radiofrequency neurotomy, can restore function, reduce pain, and may potentially have an opioid-sparing effect. Technical expertise in nerve and anatomy is needed for the use of this technique. This review article aims to provide updated information on some invasive intervention techniques in pain management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pasquale Denegri
- Anesthesia, Intensive Care, and Pain Medicine, Sant'Anna and San Sebastiano Hospital, Caserta, ITA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Balliel N. Effect of soap bubbles technique, coughing and distraction cards on reducing pain and anxiety during phlebotomy in children. PAEDIATRIC & NEONATAL PAIN 2023; 5:31-37. [PMID: 37283955 PMCID: PMC10240404 DOI: 10.1002/pne2.12090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to compare three techniques (soap bubbles, distraction cards, coughing) to reduce pain and anxiety in children during phlebotomy and collection with the use of a control group. Pain levels of children were assessed with the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale and anxiety levels of children were assessed with the Children's Fear Scale. This randomized controlled study involved intervention groups and a control group. The population of this study consisted of 120 Turkish children (30 subjects in each of the four groups soap bubbles technique, distraction cards, coughing, and control groups) between the ages of 6 and 12. The study found that pain and anxiety levels of the children in intervention groups were lower than those of the children in the control group during phlebotomy procedure and this difference was statistically significant (P < .05). No difference was found among the three techniques (Soap bubbles, distraction cards, and coughing) to reduce pain and anxiety in children during the phlebotomy procedure (P > .05). Soap bubbles, distraction cards and coughing techniques were found to reduce pain and anxiety in children during phlebotomy. Nurses can play an effective role in reducing pain and anxiety by using these techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nükhet Balliel
- Public Health Nursing Department, Nursing FacultyAydın Adnan Menderes UniversityAydınTurkey
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sun Z, Sun Y, Lu T, Li J, Mi C. A swelling-based biphasic analysis on the quasi-static biomechanical behaviors of healthy and degenerative intervertebral discs. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 235:107513. [PMID: 37030175 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2023.107513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The degeneration of intervertebral discs is significantly dependent of the changes in tissue composition ratio and tissue structure. Up to the present, the effects of degeneration on the quasi-static biomechanical responses of discs have not been well understood. The goal of this study is to quantitatively analyze the quasi-static responses of healthy and degenerative discs. METHODS Four biphasic swelling-based finite element models are developed and quantitatively validated. Four quasi-static test protocols, including the free-swelling, slow-ramp, creep and stress-relaxation, are implemented. The double Voigt and double Maxwell models are further used to extract the immediate (or residual), short-term and long-term responses of these tests. RESULTS Simulation results show that both the swelling-induced pressure in the nucleus pulposus and the initial modulus decrease with degeneration. In the free-swelling test of discs possessing healthy cartilage endplates, simulation results show that over 80% of the total strain is contributed by the short-term response. The long-term response is dominant for discs with degenerated permeability in cartilage endplates. For the creep test, over 50% of the deformation is contributed by the long-term response. In the stress-relaxation test, the long-term stress contribution occupies approximately 31% of total response and is independent of degeneration. Both the residual and short-term responses vary monotonically with degeneration. In addition, both the glycosaminoglycan content and permeability affect the engineering equilibrium time constants of the rheologic models, in which the determining factor is the permeability. CONCLUSIONS The content of glycosaminoglycan in intervertebral soft tissues and the permeability of cartilage endplates are two critical factors that affect the fluid-dependent viscoelastic responses of intervertebral discs. The component proportions of the fluid-dependent viscoelastic responses depend also strongly on test protocols. In the slow-ramp test, the glycosaminoglycan content is responsible for the changes of the initial modulus. Since existing computational models simulate disc degenerations only by altering disc height, boundary conditions and material stiffness, the current work highlights the significance of biochemical composition and cartilage endplates permeability in the biomechanical behaviors of degenerated discs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Street, Nanjing, 210096, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yueli Sun
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Teng Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 30 Huangcheng West Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jialiang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 30 Huangcheng West Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Changwen Mi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Street, Nanjing, 210096, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen JX, Li YH, Wen J, Li Z, Yu BS, Huang YC. Annular Defects Impair the Mechanical Stability of the Intervertebral Disc. Global Spine J 2023; 13:724-729. [PMID: 33783245 DOI: 10.1177/21925682211006061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A biomechanical study. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cruciform and square incisions of annulus fibrosus (AF) on the mechanical stability of bovine intervertebral disc (IVD) in multiple degrees of freedom. METHODS Eight bovine caudal IVD motion segments (bone-disc-bone) were obtained from the local abattoir. Cruciform and square incisions were made at the right side of the specimen's annulus using a surgical scalpel. Biomechanical testing of three-dimensional 6 degrees of freedom was then performed on the bovine caudal motion segments using the mechanical testing and simulation (MTS) machine. Force, displacement, torque and angle were recorded synchronously by the MTS system. P value <.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Cruciform and square incisions of the AF reduced both axial compressive and torsional stiffness of the IVD and were significantly lower than those of the intact specimens (P < .01). Left-side axial torsional stiffness of the cruciform incision was significantly higher than a square incision (P < .01). Neither incision methods impacted flexional-extensional stiffness or lateral-bending stiffness. CONCLUSIONS The cruciform and square incisions of the AF obviously reduced axial compression and axial rotation, but they did not change the flexion-extension and lateral-bending stiffness of the bovine caudal IVD. This mechanical study will be meaningful for the development of new approaches to AF repair and the rehabilitation of the patients after receiving discectomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xin Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery, 74573Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, 74573Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yun-He Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery, 74573Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, 74573Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Wen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery, 74573Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, 74573Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhen Li
- 161930AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Bin-Sheng Yu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery, 74573Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong-Can Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery, 74573Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Orthopaedic Regenerative Technologies, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, 74573Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang T, Wang Y, Li R, Xin J, Zheng Z, Zhang X, Xiao C, Zhang S. ROS-responsive magnesium-containing microspheres for antioxidative treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration. Acta Biomater 2023; 158:475-492. [PMID: 36640954 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a degenerative disease characterized by lower-back pain, causing disability globally. Antioxidant therapy is currently considered one of the most promising strategies for IVDD treatment, given the crucial role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in IVDD pathogenesis. Herein, a ROS-responsive magnesium-containing microsphere (Mg@PLPE MS) was constructed for the antioxidative treatment of IVDD. The Mg@PLPE MS has a core-shell structure comprising poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and ROS-responsive polymer poly(PBT-co-EGDM) as the shell and a magnesium microparticle as the core. The poly(PBT-co-EGDM) can be destroyed by H2O2 through the H2O2-triggered hydrophobic-to-hydrophilic transition, subsequently promoting an Mg-water reaction to produce H2. Thus, Mg@PLPE MS provides a valuable platform for H2O2 elimination and controlled H2 release. The generated H2 scavenge for ROS by reacting with noxious •OH. Notably, the Mg@PLPE MS exerted significant antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in a disc degeneration rat model and alleviated extracellular matrix degradation and disc cells apoptosis, thereby underlining its efficacy in IVDD treatment. The Mg@PLPE MS also exhibited robust biocompatibility and negligible toxicity, presenting the promise for the antioxidative treatment of IVDD in vivo. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Antioxidant therapy is currently considered one of the most promising strategies for intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) treatment, given the crucial role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in IVDD pathogenesis. Here, ROS-responsive magnesium-containing microspheres (Mg@PLPE MSs) were constructed to alleviate IVDD through controlled release of hydrogen gas. The Mg@PLPE MSs can effectively scavenge overproduced ROS by simultaneously reacting with H2O2 and •OH, thus creating a suitable microenvironment for inhibition of ECM degradation. As a result, Mg@PLPE MSs treated IVDD rats exhibit minimal nucleus pulposus decrease, less extracellular matrix degradation, minimal radial fissure of fibrous rings, and higher disc height index. Therefore, the as-prepared Mg@PLPE MSs may shed a new light on clinical treatment of IVDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianhui Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Ruhui Li
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jingguo Xin
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xingmin Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chunsheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China; Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Shaokun Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Changchun, 130021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ou X, Wen T, Ying J, He Q, Xuan A, Ruan D. MCP‑1/CCR2 axis inhibits the chondrogenic differentiation of human nucleus pulposus mesenchymal stem cells. Mol Med Rep 2022; 26:277. [PMID: 35856417 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xuancheng Ou
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Central Hospital of Yongzhou, Yongzhou, Hunan 425000, P.R. China
| | - Tianyong Wen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Sixth Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Jinwei Ying
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Qing He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Sixth Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Anwu Xuan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Sixth Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Dike Ruan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Sixth Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yu Q, Han F, Yuan Z, Zhu Z, Liu C, Tu Z, Guo Q, Zhao R, Zhang W, Wang H, Mao H, Li B, Zhu C. Fucoidan-loaded nanofibrous scaffolds promote annulus fibrosus repair by ameliorating the inflammatory and oxidative microenvironments in degenerative intervertebral discs. Acta Biomater 2022; 148:73-89. [PMID: 35671874 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering holds potential in the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). However, implantation of tissue engineered constructs may cause foreign body reaction and aggravate the inflammatory and oxidative microenvironment of the degenerative intervertebral disc (IVD). In order to ameliorate the adverse microenvironment of IDD, in this study, we prepared a biocompatible poly (ether carbonate urethane) urea (PECUU) nanofibrous scaffold loaded with fucoidan, a natural marine bioactive polysaccharide which has great anti-inflammatory and antioxidative functions. Compared with pure PECUU scaffold, the fucoidan-loaded PECUU nanofibrous scaffold (F-PECUU) decreased the gene and protein expression related to inflammation and the oxidative stress in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced annulus fibrosus cells (AFCs) significantly (p<0.05). Especially, gene expression of Ill 6 and Ptgs2 was decreased by more than 50% in F-PECUU with 3.0 wt% fucoidan (HF-PECUU). Moreover, the gene and protein expression related to the degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) were reduced in a fucoidan concentration-dependent manner significantly, with increased almost 3 times gene expression of Col1a2 and Acan in HF-PECUU. Further, in a 'box' defect model, HF-PECUU decreased the expression of COX-2 and deposited more ECM between scaffold layers when compared with pure PECUU. The disc height and nucleus pulposus hydration of repaired IVD reached up to 75% and 85% of those in the sham group. In addition, F-PECUU helped to maintain an integrate tissue structure with a similar compression modulus to that in sham group. Taken together, the F-PECUU nanofibrous scaffolds showed promising potential to promote AF repair in IDD treatment by ameliorating the harsh degenerative microenvironment. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Annulus fibrosus (AF) tissue engineering holds potential in the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), but is restricted by the inflammatory and oxidative microenvironment of degenerative disc. This study developed a biocompatible polyurethane scaffold (F-PECUU) loaded with fucoidan, a marine bioactive polysaccharide, for ameliorating IDD microenvironment and promoting disc regeneration. F-PECUU alleviated the inflammation and oxidative stress caused by lipopolysaccharide and prevented extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in AF cells. In vivo, it promoted ECM deposition to maintain the height, water content and mechanical property of disc. This work has shown the potential of marine polysaccharides-containing functional scaffolds in IDD treatment by ameliorating the harsh microenvironment accompanied with disc degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qifan Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Zhangqin Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Zhuang Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Changjiang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Zhengdong Tu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Qianping Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Runze Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Haijiao Mao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China.
| | - Caihong Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang D, Qu H, Kang H, Xu F, Huang W, Cai X. Kukoamine A attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis, extracellular matrix degradation, and inflammation in nucleus pulposus cells by activating the P13K/Akt pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:8772-8784. [PMID: 35333664 PMCID: PMC9161835 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2051855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the leading cause of back, neck, and radicular pain. This study aims to look at the roles of Kukoamine A (KuA) in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) of IDD and its related potential mechanisms. Cell viability of NPCs in the control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS+KuA groups was firstly detected by cell counting kit (CCK)-8. Meanwhile, the protein expression of collagen II in LPS-induced NPCs was measured by western blot. Then, the experiments following the treatment of KuA in LPS-induced NPCs included cell proliferation assessment by 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EdU) kit, cell apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation (ECM) analysis by Terminal dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and western blot, the detection of inflammatory cytokines by western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), P13K/Akt pathway-related protein levels analysis by western blot. Finally, after the addition of P13K/Akt pathway inhibitor LY294002, cell apoptosis, ECM and inflammation in KuA-treated NPCs induced by LPS were again examined by the same methods. Results indicated that KuA prevented loss of cell viability and attenuated the apoptosis, ECM, and inflammation in LPS-induced NPCs. Furthermore, western blot experiment verified the activation of KuA on P13K/Akt pathway in LPS-induced NPCs. However, inhibition of P13K/Akt pathway reversed the roles of KuA in LPS-induced NPCs. Thus, KuA attenuates LPS-induced apoptosis, ECM and inflammation in LPS-induced NPCs by activating the P13K/Akt pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Department of Spine Surgery, Jinmen NO. 2 People's Hospital, Jingmen, China.,Department of Orthopedics Surgery, PLA Middle Military Command General Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Qu
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese & Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Kang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, PLA Middle Military Command General Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, PLA Middle Military Command General Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Jinmen NO. 2 People's Hospital, Jingmen, China
| | - Xianhua Cai
- College of Acupuncture and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Department of Orthopedics Surgery, PLA Middle Military Command General Hospital, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Depleted Long Noncoding RNA GAS5 Relieves Intervertebral Disc Degeneration via microRNA-17-3p/Ang-2. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1792412. [PMID: 35340210 PMCID: PMC8941580 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1792412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) remains a clinical challenge and requires more effective therapeutic targets. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical modulators of multiple biological processes, such as cell proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Accordingly, the current study sets out to explore the influence of the lncRNA growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) on IVDD and investigate the possible involvement of microRNA-17-3p (miR-17-3p)/Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) axis. Firstly, the expression patterns of GAS5, miR-17-3p, and Ang-2 were characterized by RNA quantification from the isolated human degenerative nucleus pulposus (NP) tissues. miR-17-3p was found to express at an abnormal low level while GAS5 and Ang-2 expressed at aberrant high level in the human degenerative NP tissues. Utilizing dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation, and pull-down assays, GAS5 was found to competitively bound to miR-17-3p and further upregulate the expression of Ang-2, a target gene of miR-17-3p. Employing gain- and loss-of-function approaches, their expressions were altered in human degenerative nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs), followed by IL-1β treatment, in order to identify their roles in NP cell proliferation, apoptosis, and ECM metabolism. Silencing of GAS5 expression restrained the levels of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-7, cleaved caspase-9, MMP3, MMP13, ADAMTS4, and ADAMTS5 and increased collagen II and aggrecan levels. In vitro experiments also revealed that GAS5 depletion inhibited apoptosis and ECM degradation in HDNPCs, while elevating the proliferation through downregulation of Ang-2 by increasing miR-17-3p. Furthermore, in vivo data further validated that either GAS5 silencing or miR-17-3p reexpression alleviated IVDD degree with the help of IVDD mouse models. Altogether, our findings substantiated that downregulation of GAS5 reduced NPC apoptosis and promoted ECM remodeling, ultimately ameliorating the IVDD via miR-17-3p-dependent inhibition of Ang-2. We hope our discoveries offer a fresh molecular insight that can aid the development of novel therapies against IVDD.
Collapse
|
12
|
Hemati K, Pourhanifeh MH, Fatemi I, Hosseinzadeh A, Mehrzadi S. Anti-degenerative effect of melatonin on intervertebral disc: protective contribution against inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:711-718. [PMID: 35034592 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666220114151654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a leading cause of lower back pain. Although the etiology of IVD degeneration (IVDD) is unclear, excessive oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis and disruption of autophagy play important role in the pathogenesis of IVDD. Therefore, finding a solution to mitigate these processes could stop or reduce the development of IVDD. Melatonin, a powerful antioxidant, plays an important role in regulating cartilage tissue hemostasis. Melatonin inhibits destruction of extracellular matrix (ECM) of disc. Melatonin preserves ECM contents including sox-9, aggrecan, and collagen II through inhibiting matrix degeneration enzymes such as MMP-13. These protective effects may be mediated by the inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis, and regulation of autophagy in IVD cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karim Hemati
- Department of Anesthesiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Iman Fatemi
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
The Role of Oxidative Stress in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2166817. [PMID: 35069969 PMCID: PMC8769842 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2166817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration is a very common type of degenerative disease causing severe socioeconomic impact, as well as a major cause of discogenic low back pain and herniated discs, placing a heavy burden on patients and the clinicians who treat them. IDD is known to be associating with a complex process involving in extracellular matrix and cellular damage, and in recent years, there is increasing evidence that oxidative stress is an important activation mechanism of IDD and that reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species regulate matrix metabolism, proinflammatory phenotype, autophagy and senescence in intervertebral disc cells, apoptosis, autophagy, and senescence. Despite the tremendous efforts of researchers within the field of IDD pathogenesis, the proven strategies to prevent and treat this disease are still very limited. Up to now, several antioxidants have been proved to be effective for alleviating IDD. In this article, we discussed that oxidative stress accelerates disc degeneration by influencing aging, inflammation, autophagy, and DNA methylation, and summarize some antioxidant therapeutic measures for IDD, indicating that antioxidant therapy for disc degeneration holds excellent promise.
Collapse
|
14
|
Ekram S, Khalid S, Salim A, Khan I. Regulating the fate of stem cells for regenerating the intervertebral disc degeneration. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1881-1904. [PMID: 35069988 PMCID: PMC8727226 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i12.1881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lower back pain is a leading cause of disability and is one of the reasons for the substantial socioeconomic burden. The etiology of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is complicated, and its mechanism is still not completely understood. Factors such as aging, systemic inflammation, biochemical mediators, toxic environmental factors, physical injuries, and genetic factors are involved in the progression of its pathophysiology. Currently, no therapy for restoring degenerated IVD is available except pain management, reduced physical activities, and surgical intervention. Therefore, it is imperative to establish regenerative medicine-based approaches to heal and repair the injured disc, repopulate the cell types to retain water content, synthesize extracellular matrix, and strengthen the disc to restore normal spine flexion. Cellular therapy has gained attention for IVD management as an alternative therapeutic option. In this review, we present an overview of the anatomical and molecular structure and the surrounding pathophysiology of the IVD. Modern therapeutic approaches, including proteins and growth factors, cellular and gene therapy, and cell fate regulators are reviewed. Similarly, small molecules that modulate the fate of stem cells for their differentiation into chondrocytes and notochordal cell types are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sobia Ekram
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Shumaila Khalid
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Asmat Salim
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Khan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Sindh, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xin L, Xu W, Wang J, Yu F, Fan S, Xu X, Yang Y. Proteoglycan-depleted regions of annular injury promote nerve ingrowth in a rabbit disc degeneration model. Open Med (Wars) 2021; 16:1616-1627. [PMID: 34761113 PMCID: PMC8565593 DOI: 10.1515/med-2021-0363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To assess the effects of proteoglycan-depleted regions of annular disruptions on nerve ingrowth in the injury site in vivo. Methods New Zealand white rabbits (n = 18) received annular injuries at L3/4, L4/5, and L5/6. The experimental discs were randomly assigned to four groups: (a) an annular defect was created; (b) an annular defect implanted with a poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)/fibrin/PBS plug; (c) an annular defect implanted with a PLGA/fibrin/chondroitinase ABC (chABC) plug; and (d) an uninjured L2/3 disc (control). Disc degeneration was evaluated by radiography, MRI, histology, and analysis of the proteoglycan (PG) content. Immunohistochemical detection of nerve fibers and chondroitin sulfate (CS) was performed. Results The injured discs produced progressive and reliable disc degeneration. In the defective discs, the lamellated appearance of AF (Annulus fibrosus) was replaced by extensive fibrocartilaginous-like tissue formation outside the injured sites. In contrast, newly formed tissue was distributed along small fissures, and small blood vessels appeared in the outer part of the disrupted area in the PLGA/fibrin/PBS discs. More sprouting nerve fibers grew further into the depleted annulus regions in the PLGA/fibrin/chABC discs than in the control discs and those receiving PLGA/fibrin/PBS. In addition, the innervation scores of the PLGA/fibrin/chABC discs were significantly increased compared with those of the PLGA/fibrin/PBS discs and defected discs. Conclusion ChABC-based PLGA/fibrin gel showed promising results by achieving biointegration with native annulus tissue and providing a local source for the sustained release of active chABC. Disc-derived PG-mediated inhibition of nerve and blood vessel ingrowth was abrogated by chABC enzymatic deglycosylation in an annular-injured rabbit disc degeneration model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Xin
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weixin Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shunwu Fan
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310020, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xinwei Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No. 234 Gucui Road, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Comprehensive Profile Analysis of Differentially Expressed circRNAs in Glucose Deprivation-Induced Human Nucleus Pulposus Cell Degeneration. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:4770792. [PMID: 34285912 PMCID: PMC8275381 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4770792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nucleus pulposus (NP) is the core substance to maintain the homeostasis of intervertebral disc and stability of biomechanics. The insufficient supply of nutrition (especially glucose) is an important factor that leads to the degeneration of NP cells. circRNAs play an important role in the process of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) by regulating the functions of NP cells. However, glucose deprivation-related circRNAs and their functions in IDD have not been reported. In this study, the differentially expressed circRNAs in NP cells after 0, 6, 12, and 24 h of glucose deprivation culture were detected by a microarray assay. Besides, time series clustering analysis by STEM software obtained the differentially up- and downregulated circRNAs during glucose deficiency. Then, the main functions and pathways of up- and downregulated circRNAs were predicted by the functional enrichment analysis. By constructing the circRNA-miRNA regulatory network, the potential mechanisms of the most differentially expressed circRNAs were predicted. In addition, according to in vitro validation, circ_0075062 was upregulated in degenerating NP tissues and glucose deprivation-induced NP cell degeneration. Based on Sanger sequencing and RNase tolerance assay, circ_0075062 was the circular transcript. Interfering with circ_0075062 expression could potentially alleviate the imbalance of extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and degradation in the NP cells induced by glucose deprivation. Together, these findings help us gain a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms of IDD, and circ_0075062 may be a promising therapeutic target of IDD.
Collapse
|
17
|
Ekram S, Khalid S, Bashir I, Salim A, Khan I. Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells and their chondroprogenitor derivatives reduced pain and inflammation signaling and promote regeneration in a rat intervertebral disc degeneration model. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:3191-3205. [PMID: 33864569 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04155-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is an asymptomatic pathophysiological condition and a strong causative factor of low back pain. There is no cure available except spinal fusion and pain management. Stem cell-based regenerative medicine is being considered as an alternative approach to treat disc diseases. The current study aimed to differentiate human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) into chondrocyte-like cells and to elucidate their feasibility and efficacy in the degenerated IVD rat model. Chondrogenic induction medium was used to differentiate hUC-MSCs into chondroprogenitors. Rat tail IVD model was established with three consecutive coccygeal discs. qPCR was performed to quantify the molecular markers of pain and inflammation. Histological staining was performed to evaluate the degree of regeneration. Induced chondroprogenitors showed the expression of chondrogenic genes, SOX9, TGF-β1, ACAN, BMP2, and GDF5. Immunocytochemical staining showed positive expression of chondrogenic proteins SOX9, TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and Collagen 2. In in vivo study, transplanted chondroprogenitors showed better survival, homing, and distribution in IVD as compared to normal MSCs. Expression of pain and inflammatory genes at day 5 of cell transplantation modulated immune response significantly. The transplanted labeled MSCs and induced chondroprogenitors differentiated into functional nucleus pulposus (NP) cells as evident from co-localization of red (DiI) and green fluorescence for SOX9, TGF-β1, and TGF-β2. Alcian blue and H & E staining showed standard histological features, indicating better preservation of the NP structure and cellularity than degenerated discs. hUC-MSCs-derived chondroprogenitors showed better regeneration potential as compared to normal MSCs. The pain and inflammation genes were downregulated in the treated group as compared to the degenerated IVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sobia Ekram
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Shumaila Khalid
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Imtiaz Bashir
- Zainab Panjwani Memorial Hospital, Mohammadali Habib Road, Numaish Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
| | - Asmat Salim
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Khan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Baumgartner L, Wuertz-Kozak K, Le Maitre CL, Wignall F, Richardson SM, Hoyland J, Ruiz Wills C, González Ballester MA, Neidlin M, Alexopoulos LG, Noailly J. Multiscale Regulation of the Intervertebral Disc: Achievements in Experimental, In Silico, and Regenerative Research. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E703. [PMID: 33445782 PMCID: PMC7828304 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a major risk factor of low back pain. It is defined by a progressive loss of the IVD structure and functionality, leading to severe impairments with restricted treatment options due to the highly demanding mechanical exposure of the IVD. Degenerative changes in the IVD usually increase with age but at an accelerated rate in some individuals. To understand the initiation and progression of this disease, it is crucial to identify key top-down and bottom-up regulations' processes, across the cell, tissue, and organ levels, in health and disease. Owing to unremitting investigation of experimental research, the comprehension of detailed cell signaling pathways and their effect on matrix turnover significantly rose. Likewise, in silico research substantially contributed to a holistic understanding of spatiotemporal effects and complex, multifactorial interactions within the IVD. Together with important achievements in the research of biomaterials, manifold promising approaches for regenerative treatment options were presented over the last years. This review provides an integrative analysis of the current knowledge about (1) the multiscale function and regulation of the IVD in health and disease, (2) the possible regenerative strategies, and (3) the in silico models that shall eventually support the development of advanced therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Baumgartner
- BCN MedTech, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08018 Barcelona, Spain; (L.B.); (C.R.W.); (M.A.G.B.)
| | - Karin Wuertz-Kozak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT), Rochester, NY 14623, USA;
- Schön Clinic Munich Harlaching, Spine Center, Academic Teaching Hospital and Spine Research Institute of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg (Austria), 81547 Munich, Germany
| | - Christine L. Le Maitre
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK;
| | - Francis Wignall
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (F.W.); (S.M.R.); (J.H.)
| | - Stephen M. Richardson
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (F.W.); (S.M.R.); (J.H.)
| | - Judith Hoyland
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (F.W.); (S.M.R.); (J.H.)
| | - Carlos Ruiz Wills
- BCN MedTech, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08018 Barcelona, Spain; (L.B.); (C.R.W.); (M.A.G.B.)
| | - Miguel A. González Ballester
- BCN MedTech, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08018 Barcelona, Spain; (L.B.); (C.R.W.); (M.A.G.B.)
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael Neidlin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece; (M.N.); (L.G.A.)
| | - Leonidas G. Alexopoulos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece; (M.N.); (L.G.A.)
| | - Jérôme Noailly
- BCN MedTech, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08018 Barcelona, Spain; (L.B.); (C.R.W.); (M.A.G.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kritschil R, Zhang Z, Lei C, Zhong J, Dong Q, Lee J, Conover CA, Sowa G, Vallejo AN, Vo N. Effects of suppressing bioavailability of insulin-like growth factor on age-associated intervertebral disc degeneration. JOR Spine 2020; 3:e1112. [PMID: 33392450 PMCID: PMC7770198 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Suppression of the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling pathway reduces age-related disorders and increases lifespan across species, making the IGF-1 pathway a key regulator of aging. Previous in vitro intervertebral disc cell studies have reported the pro-anabolic effect of exogenously adding IGF-1 on matrix production. However, the overall effects of suppressing IGF-1 signaling on age-related intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is not known. Here, the effects of suppressing IGF-1 signaling on age-related IDD in vivo were examined using PAPPA -/- mice. These are animals with targeted deletion of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPPA), the major protease that cleaves inhibitory IGF binding proteins that control bioavailability of IGF-1 for cell signaling. Compared to age-matched wild-type (Wt) littermates, reduced levels of matrix proteoglycan (PG) and aggrecan were seen in discs of 23-month old PAPPA -/- mice. Decreased aggrecanolysis and expression of two key catabolic markers, matrix metalloproteinase-3 and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-4, were also observed in discs of old PAPPA -/- mice compared to Wt littermates. Suppressing IGF-1 signaling has been implicated to shift cellular metabolism toward maintenance rather than growth and decreasing cellular senescence. Along this line, discs of old PAPPA -/- mice also exhibited lower cellular senescence, assessed by p53 and lamin B1 markers. Collectively, the data reveal complex regulation of disc matrix homeostasis by PAPPA/IGF-1 signaling during chronologic aging, that is, reduced IGF-1 bioavailability confers the benefit of decreasing disc cellular senescence and matrix catabolism but also the disadvantage of decreasing disc PG matrix anabolism. This pathway requires further mechanistic elucidation before IGF-1 could be considered as a therapeutic growth factor for treating IDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Kritschil
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Zhongying Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| | - Changbin Lei
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangdongChina
| | - Jiongbiao Zhong
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Spinal SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of University of South ChinaHengyangHunanP.R.China
| | - Qing Dong
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Joon Lee
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Gwendolyn Sowa
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Abbe N. Vallejo
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of PittsburghUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Nam Vo
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Borrelli C, Buckley CT. Injectable Disc-Derived ECM Hydrogel Functionalised with Chondroitin Sulfate for Intervertebral Disc Regeneration. Acta Biomater 2020; 117:142-155. [PMID: 33035694 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Low back pain resulting from intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a significant socioeconomic burden. The main effect of the degeneration process involves the alteration of the nucleus pulposus (NP) via cell-mediated enzymatic breakdown of key extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Thus, the development of injectable and biomimetic biomaterials that can instruct the regenerative cell component to produce tissue-specific ECM is pivotal for IVD repair. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) and type II collagen are the primary components of NP tissue and together create the ideal environment for cells to deposit de-novo matrix. Given their high matrix synthesis capacity potential post-expansion, nasal chondrocytes (NC) have been proposed as a potential cell source to promote NP repair. The overall goal of this study was to assess the effects of CS incorporation into disc derived self-assembled ECM hydrogels on the matrix deposition of NCs. Results showed an increased sGAG production with higher amounts of CS in the gel composition and that its presence was found to be critical for the synthesis of collagen type II. Taken together, our results demonstrate how the inclusion of CS into the composition of the material aids the preservation of a rounded cell morphology for NCs in 3D culture and enhances their ability to synthesise NP-like matrix.
Collapse
|
21
|
Xiang Q, Kang L, Zhao K, Wang J, Hua W, Song Y, Feng X, Li G, Lu S, Wang K, Yang C, Zhang Y. CircCOG8 Downregulation Contributes to the Compression-Induced Intervertebral Disk Degeneration by Targeting miR-182-5p and FOXO3. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:581941. [PMID: 33195225 PMCID: PMC7609857 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.581941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been increasingly demonstrated to play critical roles in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. Intervertebral disk degeneration (IDD) is recognized as the major contributor to lower back pain, and mechanical stress is a predominant trigger for IDD. However, little is known about the part that circRNAs play in the involvement of mechanical stress during IDD development. In the present study, we identified a novel circRNA and examined the role of this circRNA in a compression loading-induced IDD process. We detected the expression pattern of circCOG8 and observed its function in disk NP cells under mechanical stress. We conducted bioinformatics analysis, RNA immunoprecipitation experiment, and reporter gene assay to unveil the mechanism of the circCOG8 downregulation mediated IVD degeneration. Results showed that the circCOG8 expression was obviously down-regulated by the mechanical stress in disk NP cells. CircCOG8 attenuated NP cells apoptosis, intracellular ROS accumulation, and ECM degradation in vitro and ex vivo. CircCOG8 directly interacted with miR-182-5p and, thus, modulated the FOXO3 expression to affect the compression-induced IDD progression. Altogether, the present study revealed that the circCOG8/miR-182-5p/FOXO3 pathway was an important underlying mechanism in the involvement of compression during the IDD progression. Intervention of circCOG8 is a new therapeutic strategy for IDD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Kang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kangcheng Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Juntan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenbin Hua
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaobo Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gaocai Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Saideng Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Harmon MD, Ramos DM, Nithyadevi D, Bordett R, Rudraiah S, Nukavarapu SP, Moss IL, Kumbar SG. Growing a backbone - functional biomaterials and structures for intervertebral disc (IVD) repair and regeneration: challenges, innovations, and future directions. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:1216-1239. [PMID: 31957773 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01288e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Back pain and associated maladies can account for an immense amount of healthcare cost and loss of productivity in the workplace. In particular, spine related injuries in the US affect upwards of 5.7 million people each year. The degenerative disc disease treatment almost always arises due to a clinical presentation of pain and/or discomfort. Preferred conservative treatment modalities include the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications, physical therapy, massage, acupuncture, chiropractic work, and dietary supplements like glucosamine and chondroitin. Artificial disc replacement, also known as total disc replacement, is a treatment alternative to spinal fusion. The goal of artificial disc prostheses is to replicate the normal biomechanics of the spine segment, thereby preventing further damage to neighboring sections. Artificial functional disc replacement through permanent metal and polymer-based components continues to evolve, but is far from recapitulating native disc structure and function, and suffers from the risk of unsuccessful tissue integration and device failure. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies combine novel material structures, bioactive factors and stem cells alone or in combination to repair and regenerate the IVD. These efforts are at very early stages and a more in-depth understanding of IVD metabolism and cellular environment will also lead to a clearer understanding of the native environment which the tissue engineering scaffold should mimic. The current review focusses on the strategies for a successful regenerative scaffold for IVD regeneration and the need for defining new materials, environments, and factors that are so finely tuned in the healthy human intervertebral disc in hopes of treating such a prevalent degenerative process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Harmon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA. and Department of Orthopedics Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Daisy M Ramos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA. and Department of Orthopedics Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - D Nithyadevi
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Rosalie Bordett
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Swetha Rudraiah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Saint Joseph, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Syam P Nukavarapu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA. and Department of Orthopedics Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Isaac L Moss
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Sangamesh G Kumbar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA. and Department of Orthopedics Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liu C, Xiao L, Zhang Y, Zhao Q, Xu H. Regeneration of annulus fibrosus tissue using a DAFM/PECUU-blended electrospun scaffold. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2020; 31:2347-2361. [PMID: 32885742 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2020.1812038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Low back pain and disc degeneration affect quality of life and imposes an enormous financial burden. Although annulus fibrosus (AF) tissue engineering provides an alternative therapeutic possibility in the treatment of degenerative intervertebral disc disease, it is restricted by the biochemical properties, organizational structure, and mechanical characteristics of the scaffold. The ideal scaffold should closely mimic the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) in structure and function for long-term stability and survival. Poly(ether carbonate urethane) urea (PECUU) can be electrospun into nanofibrous scaffolds to mimic ECM architecture with the appropriate mechanical properties. However, PECUU scaffolds lack the bioactivity of natural ECM. On the other hand, a decellularized annulus fibrosus matrix (DAFM) has good biocompatibility and biodegradability and has been shown to promote secretion of AF-related ECM. Herein, DAFM/PECUU-blended electrospun scaffolds were fabricated with the help of coaxial electrospinning technology for the first time. AF-derived stem cells were cultured on DAFM/PECUU electrospun scaffolds, and cellular metabolic activity, morphology, and gene expression assays as well as AF-related ECM synthesis were performed. The results showed that AF-derived stem cells proliferated well on the scaffolds. Gene expression and ECM secretion of collagen type I and II and aggrecan from AF-derived stem cells cultured on DAFM/PECUU electrospun scaffolds were higher than from those on PECUU fibrous scaffolds. Thus, DAFM/PECUU electrospun scaffolds are a potential candidate for AF tissue engineering applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- Anhui Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Spine Research Center of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wuhu, Anhui, China.,Department of Spine Surgery, Yijishan hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Liang Xiao
- Spine Research Center of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wuhu, Anhui, China.,Department of Spine Surgery, Yijishan hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Spine Research Center of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Quanlai Zhao
- Spine Research Center of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Hongguang Xu
- Anhui Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Spine Research Center of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wuhu, Anhui, China.,Department of Spine Surgery, Yijishan hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Network Analysis Identifies Gene Regulatory Network Indicating the Role of RUNX1 in Human Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11070771. [PMID: 32659941 PMCID: PMC7397129 DOI: 10.3390/genes11070771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD) is a multifactorial physiological process which is often associated with lower back pain. Previous studies have identified some molecular markers associated with disc degeneration, which despite their significant contributions, have provided limited insight into the etiology of IDD. In this study, we utilized a network medicine approach to uncover potential molecular mediators of IDD. Our systematic analyses of IDD associated with 284 genes included functional annotation clustering, interaction networks, network cluster analysis and Transcription factors (TFs)-target gene network analysis. The functional enrichment and protein–protein interaction network analysis highlighted the role of inflammatory genes and cytokine/chemokine signaling in IDD. Moreover, sub-network analysis identified significant clusters possessing organized networks of 24 cytokine and chemokine genes, which may be considered as key modulators for IDD. The expression of these genes was validated in independent microarray datasets. In addition, the regulatory network analysis identified the role of multiple transcription factors, with RUNX1 being a master regulator in the pathogenesis of IDD. Our analyses highlighted the role of cytokine genes and interacting pathways in IDD and further improved our understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying IDD.
Collapse
|
25
|
Cao Y, Guo QW, Wan YD. Significant Association between the T2 Values of Vertebral Cartilage Endplates and Pfirrmann Grading. Orthop Surg 2020; 12:1164-1172. [PMID: 32583598 PMCID: PMC7454146 DOI: 10.1111/os.12727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The T2 value of lumbar cartilage endplates was measured using the T2 mapping imaging technique, aiming to explore the correlation between the T2 value and Pfirrmann grading of intervertebral discs. Methods A total of 130 patients with lumbar spine MR examination due to persistent low back pain were enrolled, including 71 men and 59 women (age: 21–63 years). Lumbar Modic changes and Schmorl nodules were recognized by conventional T1WI and T2WI images in 49 patients, and these patients were excluded from the study. A total of 81 patients were enrolled in this study, including 45 men (45.16 ± 12.20 years) and 36 women (43.33 ± 11.27 years). Pfirrmann (Pm) grading of each lumbar disc was performed based on conventional T2WI median sagittal images and the position of cartilage endplates (CEP) was determined by IDEAL‐SPGR images. Meanwhile, the T2 mapping technique was used to obtain T2 values of cartilage endplates. The T2 values of CEP corresponding to different Pm grade discs were compared, and the correlation between the T2 value and the Pm grade of intervertebral discs was analyzed. Results The T2 values of cephalic and caudal CEP of L1–2 in Pm grades I–II, Pm grades III, and Pm grades IV–V were 61.96 ± 5.89 ms, 54.45 ± 3.29 ms, 42.47 ± 3.69 ms and 64.35 ± 5.93 ms, 55.28 ± 3.97 ms, 44.75 ± 2.12 ms, respectively. For cephalic and caudal CEP of L2–3, the T2 values in Pm grades I–II, Pm grades III, and Pm grades IV–V were 62.96 ± 6.93 ms, 55.19 ± 4.02 ms, 48.67 ± 4.56 ms and 65.51 ± 6.49 ms, 57.16 ± 5.55 ms, 52.05 ± 4.20 ms, respectively. The T2 values of cephalic and caudal CEP from L3–4 to L5–S1 in Pm grades I–II, Pm grades III, and Pm grades IV–V were (63.72 ± 5.76 ms, 53.96 ± 6.52 ms, 48.05 ± 5.00 ms), (65.46 ± 6.37 ms, 55.70 ± 7.50 ms, 48.10 ± 3.27 ms); (66.34 ± 7.68 ms, 56.76 ± 9.48 ms, 47.80 ± 4.33 ms), (64.44 ± 4.65 ms, 59.30 ± 8.80 ms, 47.30 ± 5.78 ms), (65.32 ± 5.11 ms, 55.33 ± 6.65 ms, 48.18 ± 5.37 ms), and (63.47 ± 4.92 ms, 50.32 ± 8.86 ms, 44.77 ± 4.69 ms), respectively. There were significant differences in T2 values of cartilage endplates between the Pm grades I–II, III, and IV–V of intervertebral discs (P = 0.000). T2 values corresponding to Pm I–II grades were higher than those in Pm III grade, while T2 values in Pm grades IV–V were lowest. The T2 value of the L4–5, L5–S1 segment endplates was highly correlated with the Pm grades (r = −0.711, −0.721, −0.796, −0.745; P = 0.000) and that of L1–2, L2–3 endplates were moderately correlated (r = −0.542, −0.562, −0.637, −0.612; P = 0.000). Conclusion The T2 values of cartilage endplates revealed varying degrees of degeneration of intervertebral discs, and more severe degeneration corresponded to lower T2 values. Measurement of changes in the T2 value through cartilage endplates can be useful for the diagnosis of early intervertebral disc degeneration and the prevention of disc degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cao
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing-Wei Guo
- Department of Radiology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ye-da Wan
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
He M, Pang J, Sun H, Zheng G, Lin Y, Ge W. P14ARF inhibits regional inflammation and vascularization in intervertebral disc degeneration by upregulating TIMP3. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 318:C751-C761. [PMID: 32023075 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00271.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we identified P14 alternate reading frame (P14ARF) as a novel regulator of inflammation and vascularization in intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD). We collected IVD tissues from IVDD patients and normal individuals for analysis of P14ARF expression. We also induced experimental IVDD by needle puncture injuries in the caudal intervertebral disks of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and achieved recombinant adenovirus-mediated P14ARF overexpression in experimental IVDD rats. Regulation relationships between P14ARF and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases-3 (TIMP3) were confirmed in P14ARF-overexpressed and TIMP3-depleted nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. Tube formation in vitro was evaluated in coculture systems of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and rat degenerated NP cells (DNPCs). Inflammatory response was assessed from levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and neovascularization from expression of endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The P14ARF and TIMP3 were downregulated in degenerated IVD tissue derived from patients and experimental IVDD rats. Overexpressed P14ARF suppressed inflammatory cytokine levels and vascularization. There was decreased in vitro tube formation in response to P14ARF overexpression and TIMP3 elevation. Finally, attenuated inflammatory responses and suppression of VEGF were achieved by P14ARF-mediated promotion of TIMP3 in rat DNPCs. Taken together, the present study reveals that P14ARF/TIMP3 modulation of inflammatory response and vascularization in the context of IVDD highlights a potential target for future therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinlei Pang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guanrong Zheng
- Department of Pain, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Pain, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weipeng Ge
- Department of Pain, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu C, Jin Z, Ge X, Zhang Y, Xu H. Decellularized Annulus Fibrosus Matrix/Chitosan Hybrid Hydrogels with Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor for Annulus Fibrosus Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Part A 2019; 25:1605-1613. [PMID: 30929614 PMCID: PMC6919252 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Low back pain caused by degenerative disc disease affects many people worldwide and brings huge economical burden. Thus, attentions have focused on annulus fibrosus (AF) tissue engineering for treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration. To engineer a functional replacement for the AF, it is important to fabricate scaffolds that mimic the structural and mechanical properties of native tissue. AF-derived stem cells are promising seed cells for AF tissue engineering due to their tissue specificity. In the present study, decellularized AF matrix (DAFM)/chitosan hybrid hydrogels were fabricated using genipin as a crosslinker. AF stem cells were cultured on hydrogel scaffolds with or without basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and cell proliferation, morphology, gene expression, and AF tissue synthesis were examined. Overall, more collagen-I, collagen-II, and aggrecan were secreted by AF stem cells grown on hydrogels with bFGF compared to those without. These results support the application of DAFM/chitosan hybrid hydrogels as an appropriate candidate for AF tissue engineering. Furthermore, incorporation of bFGF into hydrogels promoted AF-related tissue synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Zhongxing Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Xin Ge
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Hongguang Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Xiao L, Huang R, Zhang Y, Li T, Dai J, Nannapuneni N, Chastanet TR, Chen M, Shen FH, Jin L, Dorn HC, Li X. A New Formyl Peptide Receptor-1 Antagonist Conjugated Fullerene Nanoparticle for Targeted Treatment of Degenerative Disc Diseases. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:38405-38416. [PMID: 31556594 PMCID: PMC6935051 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b11783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration associated back pain is the most common cause of disability worldwide; however, no safe and effective treatments have been available. Here, we report a new functionalized nanofullerene conjugated with a peptide that binds specifically to a formyl peptide receptor-1 (FPR-1) expressed on activated macrophages. The new nanoparticle (aka FT-C60) was synthesized by conjugating carboxyl-C60 with the primary amine group of the peptide with a fluorescence dye for easy detection. The new nanoparticle was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and gel electrophoresis. It possessed effective radical (hydroxyl and superoxide anions) scavenging capabilities in electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. In cultured cells, the nanoparticle FT-C60 demonstrated preferential binding to FPR-1 on activated macrophages and significantly attenuated mRNA expressions of proinflammatory factors including interleukin-6, interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and cyclooxygenase-2. In vivo animal studies exhibited that a single intravenous injection of FT-C60 effectively alleviated pain in an established mouse model of radiculopathy for up to post-operation day (POD) 12. Ex vivo near-infrared fluorescence imaging of the mouse spine confirmed the targeting property of FT-C60 toward the injured disc on POD 14. Quantitative analysis of histological staining on spine sections showed that nanoparticle FT-C60 dramatically reduced inflammation at the local injury site compared to injury only on POD 7. In summary, we developed a novel targeted nanoparticle for treatment of lumbar radiculopathy by systemic delivery. This is a first-of-its-kind study for developing a novel class of targeted and systemic nanoparticle therapeutics to treat degenerative disc diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061 United States
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
| | - Tinghui Li
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061 United States
| | - Jun Dai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
| | - Naga Nannapuneni
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
| | - Timothy R. Chastanet
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
| | - Matthew Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
| | - Francis H. Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
| | - Li Jin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
| | - Harry C. Dorn
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061 United States
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia 24016, United States
- Corresponding Authors. Tel: 540-526-2049 (H.C.D.), . Tel: 1-434-924-5937. Fax: 1-434-924-1691 (X.L.)
| | - Xudong Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
- Corresponding Authors. Tel: 540-526-2049 (H.C.D.), . Tel: 1-434-924-5937. Fax: 1-434-924-1691 (X.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hodgkinson T, Stening JZ, White LJ, Shakesheff KM, Hoyland JA, Richardson SM. Microparticles for controlled growth differentiation factor 6 delivery to direct adipose stem cell-based nucleus pulposus regeneration. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:1406-1417. [PMID: 31066515 PMCID: PMC6771973 DOI: 10.1002/term.2882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Currently, there is no effective long‐term treatment for intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, making it an attractive candidate for regenerative therapies. Hydrogel delivery of adipose stem cells (ASCs) in combination with controlled release of bioactive molecules is a promising approach to halt IVD degeneration and promote regeneration. Growth differentiation factor 6 (GDF6) can induce ASC differentiation into anabolic nucleus pulposus (NP) cells and hence holds promise for IVD regeneration. Here, we optimised design of novel poly(DL‐lactic acid‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA)–polyethylene glycol–PLGA microparticles to control GDF6 delivery and investigated effect of released GDF6 on human ASCs differentiation to NP cells. Recombinant human (rh)GDF6 was loaded into microparticles and total protein and rhGDF6 release assessed. The effect of microparticle loading density on distribution and gel formation was investigated through scanning electron microscopy. ASC differentiation to NP cells was examined after 14 days in hydrogel culture by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, histological, and immunohistochemical staining in normoxic and IVD‐like hypoxic conditions. RhGDF6 microparticles were distributed throughout gels without disrupting gelation and controlled rhGDF6 release over 14 days. Released GDF6 significantly induced NP differentiation of ASCs, with expression comparable with or exceeding media supplemented rhGDF6. Microparticle‐delivered rhGDF6 also up‐regulated sulphated glycosaminoglycan and aggrecan secretion in comparison with controls. In hypoxia, microparticle‐delivered rhGDF6 continued to effectively induce NP gene expression and aggrecan production. This study demonstrates the effective encapsulation and controlled delivery of rhGDF6, which maintained its activity and induced ASC differentiation to NP cells and synthesis of an NP‐like matrix suggesting suitability of microparticles for controlled growth factor release in regenerative strategies for treatment of IVD degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tom Hodgkinson
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Jasmine Z Stening
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Lisa J White
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kevin M Shakesheff
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Judith A Hoyland
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.,Central Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Stephen M Richardson
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chiang ER, Ma HL, Wang JP, Chang MC, Liu CL, Chen TH, Hung SC. Use of Allogeneic Hypoxic Mesenchymal Stem Cells For Treating Disc Degeneration in Rabbits. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:1440-1450. [PMID: 31062869 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral discs (IVDs) are important biomechanical components of the spine. Once degenerated, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies may aid in the repair of these discs. Although hypoxic preconditioning enhances the chondrogenic potential of MSCs, it is unknown whether bone marrow MSCs expanded under hypoxic conditions (1% O2 , here referred to as hypoxic MSCs) are better than bone marrow MSCs expanded under normoxic conditions (air, here referred to as normoxic MSCs) with regards to disc regeneration capacity. The purpose of this study was to compare the therapeutic effects of hypoxic and normoxic MSCs in a rabbit needle puncture degenerated disc model after intra-disc injection. Six weeks after needle puncture, MSCs were injected into the IVD. A vehicle-treated group and an un-punctured sham-control group were included as controls. The tissues were analyzed by histological and immunohistochemical methods 6 and 12 weeks post-injection. At 6 and 12 weeks, less disc space narrowing was evident in the hypoxic MSC-treated group compared to the normoxic MSC-treated group. Significantly better histological scores were observed in the hypoxic MSC group. Discs treated with hypoxic MSCs also demonstrated significantly better extracellular matrix deposition in type II and XI collagen. Increased CD105 and BMP-7 expression were also observed upon injection of hypoxic MSCs. In conclusion, hypoxic MSC injection was more effective than normoxic MSC injection for reducing IVD degeneration progression in vivo. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:1440-1450, 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- En-Rung Chiang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Li Ma
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Pan Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chau Chang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Lin Liu
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Tain-Hsiung Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Hung
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.,Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.,Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Qiu X, Zhuang M, Lu Z, Liu Z, Cheng D, Zhu C, Liu J. RIPK1 suppresses apoptosis mediated by TNF and caspase-3 in intervertebral discs. J Transl Med 2019; 17:135. [PMID: 31029152 PMCID: PMC6487042 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1886-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain has become a serious social and economic burden and the leading cause of disability worldwide. Among a variety of pathophysiological triggers, intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration plays a primary underlying role in causing such pain. Specifically, multiple independent endplate changes have been implicated in the initiation and progression of IVD degeneration. METHODS In this study, we built a signaling network comprising both well-characterized IVD pathology-associated proteins as well as some potentially correlated proteins that have been associated with one or more of the currently known pathology-associated proteins. We then screened for the potential IVD degeneration-associated proteins using patients' normal and degenerative endplate specimens. Short hairpin RNAs for receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 1 (RIPK1) were constructed to examine the effects of RIPK1 knockdown in primary chondrocyte cells and in animal models of caudal vertebra intervertebral disc degeneration in vivo. RESULTS RIPK1 was identified as a potential IVD degeneration-associated protein based on IVD pathology-associated signaling networks and the patients' degenerated endplate specimens. Construction of the short hairpin RNAs was successful, with short-term RIPK1 knockdown triggering inflammation in the primary chondrocytes, while long-term knockdown triggered apoptosis through cleavage of the caspase 3 pathway, down-regulated NF-κB and mitogen-activating protein kinase (MAPK)s cascades, and decreased cell survival and inflammation. Animal models of caudal vertebra intervertebral disc degeneration further demonstrated that apoptosis was induced by up-regulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) accompanied by down-regulation of NF-κB and MAPKs cascades that are dependent on caspase and RIPK1. CONCLUSIONS These results provide proof-of-concept for developing novel therapies to combat IVD degeneration through interfering with RIPK1-mediated apoptosis signaling pathways especially in patients with RIPK1 abnormality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xubin Qiu
- Department of Spine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213003 Jiangsu China
| | - Ming Zhuang
- Department of Spine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213003 Jiangsu China
| | - Ziwen Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 Jiangsu China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Department of Spine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213003 Jiangsu China
| | - Dong Cheng
- Department of Spine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213003 Jiangsu China
| | - Chenlei Zhu
- Department of Spine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213003 Jiangsu China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Spine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213003 Jiangsu China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Su X, Liu B, Gong F, Yin J, Sun Q, Gao Y, Lv Z, Wang X. Isofraxidin attenuates IL-1β-induced inflammatory response in human nucleus pulposus cells. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:13302-13309. [PMID: 30891836 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation has been demonstrated to be the key factor for intervertebral disc degeneration (IVD), which remains a major public health problem. Isofraxidin is a coumarin compound that possesses strong anti-inflammatory activity. However, the role of isofraxidin in IVD remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of isofraxidin on inflammatory response in human nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) exposed to interleukin-1β (IL-1β). The results proved that isofraxidin attenuated the IL-1β-induced significant increases in inflammatory mediators and cytokines including nitric oxide (NO), inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and IL-6. Besides, isofraxidin also inhibited the induction effect of IL-1β on matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-3 and MMP-13. Moreover, the NF-κB activation caused by IL-1β was significantly inhibited by isofraxidin treatment. These findings suggested that isofraxidin alleviates IL-1β-induced inflammation in NPCs. Our work provided an idea that isofraxidin might act as a novel preventive role in IVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Su
- Spine Area of Orthopedics, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Spine Area of Orthopedics, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Futai Gong
- Spine Area of Orthopedics, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Jichao Yin
- Spine Area of Orthopedics, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Qing Sun
- Spine Area of Orthopedics, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Ye Gao
- Spine Area of Orthopedics, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Zeyi Lv
- Therapeutics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Spine Area of Orthopedics, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Hodgkinson T, Shen B, Diwan A, Hoyland JA, Richardson SM. Therapeutic potential of growth differentiation factors in the treatment of degenerative disc diseases. JOR Spine 2019; 2:e1045. [PMID: 31463459 PMCID: PMC6686806 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a major contributing factor to chronic low back pain and disability, leading to imbalance between anabolic and catabolic processes, altered extracellular matrix composition, loss of tissue hydration, inflammation, and impaired mechanical functionality. Current treatments aim to manage symptoms rather than treat underlying pathology. Therefore, IVD degeneration is a target for regenerative medicine strategies. Research has focused on understanding the molecular process of degeneration and the identification of various factors that may have the ability to halt and even reverse the degenerative process. One such family of growth factors, the growth differentiation factor (GDF) family, have shown particular promise for disc regeneration in in vitro and in vivo models of IVD degeneration. This review outlines our current understanding of IVD degeneration, and in this context, aims to discuss recent advancements in the use of GDF family members as anabolic factors for disc regeneration. An increasing body of evidence indicates that GDF family members are central to IVD homeostatic processes and are able to upregulate healthy nucleus pulposus cell marker genes in degenerative cells, induce mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into nucleus pulposus cells and even act as chemotactic signals mobilizing resident cell populations during disc injury repair. The understanding of GDF signaling and its interplay with inflammatory and catabolic processes may be critical for the future development of effective IVD regeneration therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tom Hodgkinson
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Sciences CentreManchesterUK
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Bojiang Shen
- St. George Clinical SchoolUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Ashish Diwan
- St. George Clinical SchoolUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Judith A. Hoyland
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Sciences CentreManchesterUK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation TrustManchester Academic Health Sciences CentreManchesterUK
| | - Stephen M. Richardson
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Sciences CentreManchesterUK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bowden AE. Twenty years of 'insanity' in diagnosing underlying clinically relevant cervical dysfunction using traditional MRI. JOURNAL OF SPINE SURGERY (HONG KONG) 2018; 4:658-659. [PMID: 30547133 PMCID: PMC6261766 DOI: 10.21037/jss.2018.07.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anton E Bowden
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Song XX, Shi S, Guo Z, Li XF, Yu BW. Estrogen receptors involvement in intervertebral discogenic pain of the elderly women: colocalization and correlation with the expression of Substance P in nucleus pulposus. Oncotarget 2018; 8:38136-38144. [PMID: 28430617 PMCID: PMC5503520 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogenic modulation of pain is an exceedingly complex phenomenon. However, whether estrogen is involved in discogenic low back pain still remains unclear. Here, immunoreactivity staining technique was used to examine the expression level of the estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) and a pain related neuropeptide, Substance P in the lumbar intervertebral discs to analyze the relationship between the ERs and Substance P. Nucleus pulposus tissues of 23 elderly female patients were harvested during spinal surgeries and made to detect the immunoreactivity staining of ERα, ERβ and Substance P. The colocalization and intensities of ERs and Substance P were explored and evaluated respectively. The correlations between changes of ERα, ERβ and Substance P were also assessed.Our results revealed that Substance P colocalized with ERα and ERβ both in cytoplasm and nucleus of the nucleus pulposus cells. HSCORE analysis indicated that Substance P negatively correlated with both ERα and ERβ expression. Collectively, the crosstalk between ERs and Substance P might exist in the disc tissue. Estrogen-dependent pain mechanism might partly be mediated through ERs and Substance P in the nucleus pulposus of the elderly females. Estrogen and its receptors might be drug targets in discogenic low back pain diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xing Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Shi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yang Pu Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Feng Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bu-Wei Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Luo L, Gao Y, Yang C, Shao Z, Wu X, Li S, Xiong L, Chen C. Halofuginone attenuates intervertebral discs degeneration by suppressing collagen I production and inactivating TGFβ and NF-кB pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018. [PMID: 29524883 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Most low back pain is caused by intervertebral discs (IVD) degeneration, a disease that prevalence is increasing with age. Halofuginone, an analog of ferbrifugine isolated from plant Dichroa febrifuga, has drawn much attention in recent years for the wide range of bioactivities in malaria, cancer, fibrotic and autoimmune diseases. In this study, we evaluated the benefit effects of halofuginone in IVD degeneration treatment in a validated rabbit puncture model. Halofuginone treatment could attenuate disc degeneration by suppressing the decrease of discs height and nucleus pulposus signal strength. Besides, halofuginone treatment could suppress mRNA and protein expression of collagen I in nucleus pulposus. This might possibly due to the inactivation of transform growth factor-β (TGFβ) signal pathway by down-regulating p-Samd3 and up-regulating inhibitory Smad7. Then, we evaluated the effects of halofuginone treatment on nuclear factor of kappa B (NF-κB) signal pathway and its downstream pro-inflammatory cytokines. The level of p-p65 and p-IκBα was down-regulated in halofuginone treated group, indicating the inactivation of NF-κB signal pathway. The mRNA expression of interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 8 (IL-8) was decreased in nucleus pulposus too, indicating the down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, halofuginone treatment could attenuate IVD degeneration and this was possibly due to suppressing of collagen I production and inactivation of TGFβ and NF-κB signal pathway in nucleus pulposus of degenerated discs. These results suggest that halofuginone has the potential for IVD degeneration treatment, but more research is needed to validate this.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linghui Luo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yong Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Cao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xinghuo Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Liming Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yeh CH, Chen D, Aghdasi B, Xiao L, Ding M, Jin L, Li X. Link protein N-terminal peptide and fullerol promote matrix production and decrease degradation enzymes in rabbit annulus cells. Connect Tissue Res 2018; 59:191-200. [PMID: 28509587 PMCID: PMC5690886 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2017.1330333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Intervertebral disc degeneration is a major cause of back pain. Novel therapies for prevention or reversal of disc degeneration are needed. It is desirable for potential therapies to target both inflammation and matrix degeneration. MATERIALS AND METHODS The combined regenerative potential of link protein N-terminal peptide (LN) and fullerol on annulus fibrosus (AF) cells was evaluated in a 3D culture model. RESULTS Interleukin-1α (IL-1α)-induced AF cell degeneration was counteracted by fullerol, LN, and fullerol + LN, with the latter having the greatest effect on matrix production as evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction and glycosaminoglycan assay. IL-1α-induced increases in pro-inflammatory mediators (interleukin-6 and cyclooxygenase-2) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, -2, -9, and -13) were also counteracted by fullerol and LN. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that LN and fullerol individually, and in combination, promote matrix production and have anti-inflammatory and anti-catabolic effects on AF cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hua Yeh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Centre for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Dennis Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Bayan Aghdasi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Mengmeng Ding
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Li Jin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Xudong Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Degenerative disc disease is a progressive, chronic disorder with strong association to pain, where the dysregulated tissue environment signals disc cells, thereby leading to a low inflammatory process and slow extracellular matrix degradation and fibrosis in a perpetual vicious cycle, generating a structural and functional failure of intervertebral disc joint (IVDJ). Among current biologic therapies, there is an emerging minimally invasive strategy that consists of infiltrating plasma rich in growth factors, a safe and efficacious therapeutic approach for other musculoskeletal degenerative conditions. This review summarizes the homeostasis and degeneration of IVDJ, discusses some results on basic science and therapeutic use of platelet-rich plasma products and advances an alternative minimally invasive biologic therapy in IVDJ degeneration and chronic back pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Anitua
- BTI - Biotechnology Institute, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Jose Maria Cagigal Kalea, 19, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Álava, Spain.,University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), C/Jacinto Quincoces, 39,01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Álava, Spain
| | - Sabino Padilla
- BTI - Biotechnology Institute, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Jose Maria Cagigal Kalea, 19, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Álava, Spain.,University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), C/Jacinto Quincoces, 39,01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Álava, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zhan B, Zhan Y, Wang W, Zhan Y, Liu B. Expression of miR-625 and Fas in cervical vertebral cartilage endplate. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:513-519. [PMID: 29375700 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess miR-625 and Fas expression in normal and degenerative cervical cartilage endplate (CEP) tissues. Following biof-informatics analysis, the Fas gene was predicted to be one of the targets of miR-625. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) and western blotting were used to detect miR-625 and Fas expression in normal and degenerative CEP. A luciferase reporter assay was used to identify whether miR-625 could directly target the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) of Fas. Lentiviral overexpression and/or inhibition vectors of miR-625 (pre-miR-625)/antigomiR-625 were constructed to determine whether overexpression or inhibition of miR-625 could affect Fas and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression in cartilaginous endplate cells (CECs) and tissues. qPCR analysis demonstrated that miR-625 expression in degenerative CEP was significantly lower than in normal CEP tissue, while the production of Fas in degenerated CEP was significantly higher. Results from western blotting also showed a significant increase in Fas expression in degenerative CEP. miR-625 can bind directly to the 3'-UTR of the Fas gene. However, this inhibition was attenuated by a target mutation in the miR-625-binding site of the 3'-UTR of Fas mRNA. In addition, following transfection of CECs with pre-miR-625 and antigomiR-625, expression of Fas significantly decreased and increased, respectively, and Bcl-2 expression was upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Upregulation of miR-625 can inhibit Fas expression and further affect Bcl-2 expression in CEP degeneration, suggesting that miR-625-mediated inhibition of the Fas gene is important in cervical degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beilei Zhan
- Department of Orthopedics, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhan
- Department of Science and Education, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, P.R. China
| | - Yunzhong Zhan
- Department of Orthopedics, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, P.R. China
| | - Bingsheng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Static Compression Induces ECM Remodeling and Integrin α2β1 Expression and Signaling in a Rat Tail Caudal Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Model. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2017; 42:E448-E458. [PMID: 27548579 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000001856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A three-level rat tail caudal intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IVDD) model was established to study effects of static compression on extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and integrin signaling in IVDs during IVDD. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of compression force on ECM remodeling and integrin signaling in IVDs during IVDD. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Integrins sense mechanical environment alteration via binding to ECM ligands and trigger intracellular signaling for pathological ECM remodeling during IVDD. However, the role of compression force in ECM remodeling and integrin signaling during IVDD remains elusive. METHODS Compared with the classical one-level rat tail IVDD model that exerts axial stress on the 8th to 9th caudal vertebral bodies, a three-level model was established by using an Ilizarov-type apparatus to exert stress on the 7th to 10th caudal vertebral bodies in rat tails for four weeks. To exclude side effects from surgical stab injury on manipulated discs, intact coccygeal (Co) disc Co8-9 was analyzed. RESULTS In three-level IVDD model, significant degeneration of the Co8-9 disc was observed. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) showed elevated mRNA expression of collagen types I, III, and V; matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2, 3, 9, 13, 14; and decreased mRNA expression of collagen type II in Co8-9 disc. Compression loading altered the expression of integrin α2β1 (upregulated) and α10β1 (downregulated) in NP cells, and activated integrin downstream signaling. By contrast, one-level model showed more severe disc degeneration and ECM remodeling. Integrin α1, α2, α11, and β1 were upregulated, whereas α10 was downregulated. Similar activation of integrin signaling was observed. CONCLUSION Static compression altered collagen and MMP expression, and promoted β1 integrin expression and signaling in IVD. Compared with one-level rat tail IVDD model, three-level model showed milder effects on disc degeneration, ECM remodeling, and integrin expression, suggesting one-level model might involve other causes that induce IVDD via mechanisms independent of compression force. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A.
Collapse
|
41
|
Nagatani Y, Guipieri S, Nguyen VH, Chappard C, Geiger D, Naili S, Haїat G. Three-dimensional Simulation of Quantitative Ultrasound in Cancellous Bone Using the Echographic Response of a Metallic Pin. ULTRASONIC IMAGING 2017; 39:295-312. [PMID: 28492108 DOI: 10.1177/0161734617698648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Degenerative discopathy is a common pathology that may require spine surgery. A metallic cylindrical pin is inserted into the vertebral body to maintain soft tissues and may be used as a reflector of ultrasonic wave to estimate bone density. The first aim of this paper is to validate a three-dimensional (3-D) model to simulate the ultrasonic propagation in a trabecular bone sample in which a metallic pin has been inserted. We also aim at determining the effect of changes of bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and of positioning errors on the quantitative ultrasound (QUS) parameters in this specific configuration. The approach consists in coupling finite-difference time-domain simulation with X-ray microcomputed tomography. The correlation coefficient between experimental and simulated speed of sound (SOS)-respectively, broadband ultrasonic attenuation (BUA)-was equal to 0.90 (respectively, 0.55). The results show a significant correlation of SOS with BV/TV ( R = 0.82), while BUA values exhibit a nonlinear behavior versus BV/TV. The orientation of the pin should be controlled with an accuracy of around 1° to obtain accurate results. The results indicate that using the ultrasonic wave reflected by a pin has a potential to estimate the bone density. SOS is more reliable than BUA due to its lower sensitivity to the tilt angle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Nagatani
- 1 Department of Electronics, Kobe City College of Technology, Kobe, Japan
- 2 Laboratoire de Modélisation et Simulation Multi Echelle, UMR CNRS 8208, Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | - Séraphin Guipieri
- 2 Laboratoire de Modélisation et Simulation Multi Echelle, UMR CNRS 8208, Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | - Vu-Hieu Nguyen
- 2 Laboratoire de Modélisation et Simulation Multi Echelle, UMR CNRS 8208, Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | | | - Didier Geiger
- 2 Laboratoire de Modélisation et Simulation Multi Echelle, UMR CNRS 8208, Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | - Salah Naili
- 2 Laboratoire de Modélisation et Simulation Multi Echelle, UMR CNRS 8208, Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | - Guillaume Haїat
- 4 CNRS, Laboratoire de Modélisation et Simulation Multi Echelle, UMR CNRS 8208, Créteil, France
- 5 École de technologie supérieure, Montreal, QC, Canada
- 6 Research Center, Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kazezian Z, Sakai D, Pandit A. Hyaluronic Acid Microgels Modulate Inflammation and Key Matrix Molecules toward a Regenerative Signature in the Injured Annulus Fibrosus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 1:e1700077. [PMID: 32646195 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201700077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Low back pain results from disc degeneration, which is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by an imbalance between anabolic and catabolic factors. Today, regenerative medicine is focused on identifying inflammatory markers to target disc disease. Hyaluronan is used as a scaffold for cell delivery in disc degeneration; however, to date high molecular weight hyaluronan (HMW HA) is evaluated for its anti-inflammatory and matrix modulatory properties in an in vivo disc injury model. Ex vivo bovine organ culture studies demonstrate the anti-inflammatory and matrix modulatory effects of HMW HA on the IFNα2β signaling pathway that provides the motivation for evaluating its efficacy in regenerating the annulus fibrosus in an in vivo disc injury model. It is demonstrated that the HMW HA microgel acts as an anti-inflammatory molecule in the annulus fibrosus, by downregulating the expression of the pro-inflammatory interferon gamma (IFNα) and pro-apoptotic insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) and the apoptosis marker caspase 3. Mass spectrometry studies demonstrate that the HMW HA microgel modulates the matrix modulatory effect by upregulating hyaluronic acid link protein (HAPLN1) and aggrecan, which are further confirmed by immunostaining. The microgel's regenerative capacity is illustrated by the increase in the disc height index.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zepur Kazezian
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Daisuke Sakai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Shibuya, Tokyo, 151-0063, Japan
| | - Abhay Pandit
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Retarding Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: A Meta-Analysis of Animal Studies. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:7919201. [PMID: 28752097 PMCID: PMC5511641 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7919201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Several animal studies have demonstrated the positive effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on disc degeneration retardation. The present meta-analysis was to verify the efficacy of PRP in retarding disc degeneration in animal. Methods Relevant studies were identified and evaluated according to our inclusion and exclusion criteria. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and related 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were estimated to assess PRP efficiency. Results In total, eleven studies were included in this meta-analysis. Significant differences were found in the PRP treatment group, which showed increased disc height (SMD = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.86, 3.47, p = 0.000), increased MRI T2 signal intensity (SMD = −3.29, 95% CI: −4.44, −2.13, p = 0.000), and decreased histological degeneration grade (SMD = −4.28, 95% CI: −5.26, −3.30, p = 0.000). However, no significant increase in collagen II expression was found (SMD = 25389.74, 95% CI: −27585.72, 78365.21, p = 0.348). Apart from the subgroup analysis of the disc height based on animal species (pig) and disc degeneration model (chymopapain induction), other subgroup analysis based on animal species (rabbit and rat), study design, disc degeneration model, and follow-up period demonstrated that PRP treatment can significantly restore disc height and increase MRI T2 signal intensity. Conclusions PRP treatment is potentially effective in restoring disc height of rodent rabbit and rat, reducing histological degeneration grade, and increasing MRI T2 image signal. PRP injection may be promising therapy for retarding disc degeneration.
Collapse
|
44
|
Liu J, Tao H, Wang H, Dong F, Zhang R, Li J, Ge P, Song P, Zhang H, Xu P, Liu X, Shen C. Biological Behavior of Human Nucleus Pulposus Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Response to Changes in the Acidic Environment During Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:901-911. [PMID: 28298159 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
An acidic environment is vital for the maintenance of cellular activities but can be affected tremendously during intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). The effect of changes in the acidity of the environment on human nucleus pulposus mesenchymal stem cells (NP-MSCs) is, however, unknown. Thus, this study aimed to observe the biological effects of acidic conditions mimicking a degenerated intervertebral disc on NP-MSCs in vitro. NP-MSCs were isolated from patients with lumbar disc herniation and were further identified by their immunophenotypes and multilineage differentiation. Then, cells were cultured at acidic pH levels (pH 6.2, pH 6.5, pH 6.8, pH 7.1, and pH 7.4) with/without amiloride, an acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) blocker. The proliferation and apoptosis of NP-MSCs and the expression of stem cell-related genes (Oct4, Nanog, Jagged, Notch1), ASICs, and functional genes (Aggrecan, SOX-9, Collagen-I, and Collagen-II) in NP-MSCs were evaluated. Our work showed that cells obtained from human degenerated NP met the criteria of International Society for Cellular Therapy. Therefore, cells obtained from a degenerated nucleus pulposus were definitively identified as NP-MSCs. Our results also indicated that acidic conditions could significantly inhibit cell proliferation and increase cell apoptosis. Gene expression results demonstrated that acidic conditions could decrease the expression of stem cell-related genes and inhibit extracellular matrix synthesis, whereas it could increase the expression of ASICs. Our study further verified that the above-mentioned biological activities of NP-MSCs could be significantly improved by amiloride. Therefore, the results of the study indicated that the biological behavior of NP-MSCs could be inhibited by acidic conditions during IVDD, and amiloride may meliorate IVDD by improving the activities of NP-MSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Liu
- 1 Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Tao
- 1 Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanbang Wang
- 1 Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Fulong Dong
- 1 Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Renjie Zhang
- 1 Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- 2 Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Ge
- 1 Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiwen Song
- 1 Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaqing Zhang
- 1 Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Xu
- 1 Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- 3 Biology Department, School of Life Science, Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Cailiang Shen
- 1 Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Xin L, Xu W, Yu L, Fan S, Wang W, Yu F, Wang Z. Effects of annulus defects and implantation of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/fibrin gel scaffolds on nerves ingrowth in a rabbit model of annular injury disc degeneration. J Orthop Surg Res 2017; 12:73. [PMID: 28499451 PMCID: PMC5429511 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-017-0572-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Growth of nerve fibers has been shown to occur in a rabbit model of intravertebral disc degeneration (IVD) induced by needle puncture. As nerve growth may underlie the process of chronic pain in humans affected by disc degeneration, we sought to investigate the factors underlying nerve ingrowth in a minimally invasive annulotomy rabbit model of IVD by comparing the effects of empty disc defects with those of defects filled with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/fibrin gel (PLGA) plugs. Methods New Zealand white rabbits (n = 24) received annular injuries at three lumbar levels (L3/4, L4/5, and L5/6). The discs were randomly assigned to four groups: (a) annular defect (1.8-mm diameter; 4-mm depth) by mini-trephine, (b) annular defect implanted with a PLGA scaffold containing a fibrin gel, (c) annular puncture by a 16G needle (5-mm depth), and (d) uninjured L2/3 disc (control). Disc degeneration was evaluated by radiography, MRI, histology, real-time PCR, and analysis of proteoglycan (PG) content. Nerve ingrowth into the discs was assessed by immunostaining with the nerve marker protein gene product 9.5. Results Injured discs showed a progressive disc space narrowing with significant disc degeneration and proteoglycan loss, as confirmed by imaging results, molecular and compositional analysis, and histological examinations. In 16G punctured discs, nerve ingrowth was observed on the surface of scar tissue. In annular defects, nerve fibers were found to be distributed along small fissures within the fibrocartilaginous-like tissue that filled the AF. In discs filled with PLGA/ fibrin gel, more nerve fibers were observed growing deeper into the inner AF along the open annular track. In addition, innervations scores showed significantly higher than those of punctured discs and empty defects. A limited vascular proliferation was found in the injured sites and regenerated tissues. Conclusions Nerve ingrowth was significantly higher in PLGA/fibrin-filled discs than in empty defects. Possible explanations include (i) annular fissures along the defect and early loss of proteoglycan may facilitate the ingrowth process and (ii) biodegradable PLGA/fibrin gel may promote adverse growth of nerves and blood vessels into deeper parts of injured disc. The rabbit annular defect model of disc degeneration appears suitable to investigate the effects of nerve ingrowth in relation to pain generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Xin
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weixing Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leijun Yu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shunwu Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Polymer Materials Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Mental Health, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenbin Wang
- Orthopedics Laboratory, Department of Spine Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Chang H, Cai F, Zhang Y, Xue M, Liu L, Yang A, Liu X. Early-stage autophagy protects nucleus pulposus cells from glucose deprivation-induced degeneration via the p-eIF2α/ATF4 pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:529-535. [PMID: 28254665 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.02.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a double-edged sword in cellular survival, but its effects on nucleus pulposus (NP) cells are yet to be clarified. This study explored the role and molecular mechanisms of autophagy in the survival of NP cells under nutrient deprivation. Glucose limitation induced time-dependent morphological changes, proteoglycan degradation, and apoptosis in NP cells. Glucose deprivation triggered the activation of early-stage autophagy, evident as increases in LC3-II and ATG12-ATG5 expression and the number of GFP-LC3 puncta. Importantly, at early time points, the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA significantly enhanced the apoptosis of NP cells, suggesting that early-stage autophagy protects cells against glucose deprivation. Interestingly, the p-eIF2α/ATF4 unfolded protein response pathway was activated in NP cells deprived of glucose, and a deficiency in ATF4 attenuated the activation of early-stage autophagy and increased apoptosis. ATF4 silencing also inhibited the late-stage accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Together, our results demonstrate an interplay between endoplasmic reticulum stress, ROS production, and the early-stage autophagy induced by glucose deprivation in NP cells. These findings may provide a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of degenerative intervertebral disc disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongze Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 450 Tengyue Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Feng Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 450 Tengyue Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 450 Tengyue Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Mintao Xue
- Department of Orthopedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 450 Tengyue Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 450 Tengyue Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Anli Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 450 Tengyue Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 450 Tengyue Road, Shanghai 200090, China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Fávaro RC, Arruda ADO, Vialle LRG, Vialle EN. Influence of mononuclear cell therapy on disc degeneration in rabbits. Rev Bras Ortop 2017; 51:707-715. [PMID: 28050544 PMCID: PMC5198066 DOI: 10.1016/j.rboe.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of autologous mononuclear stem cells injections on histological changes of collagen in the fibrous annulus of the intervertebral disk after experimental injury. METHODS 32 New Zealand rabbits were submitted to intervertebral disk puncture, followed by intradiscal injection of mononuclear cells from the iliac crest versus saline injection in the following time periods: two months after the injury (SC2M and SS2M), two weeks (SC2W and SS2W) immediately after injury (SCCP and SSCP), and without inducing degeneration (SCSP and SSSP). Two months after cell therapy, the animals were euthanized and collagen changes in the intervertebral discs were histologically evaluated. RESULTS There were significant differences in ELAF between SS2W and SS2S groups (p = 0.018). This difference was due to an increase in type I collagen in SS2W group (56.7%) compared to SC2S (13.28%). CONCLUSION Treatment with mononuclear mesenchymal stem cells reduced changes in the type I and III collagen distribution in rabbits AF degenerated discs up to two weeks after the induction of degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Caldonazzo Fávaro
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Hospital Universitário Cajuru, Serviço de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - André de Oliveira Arruda
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Hospital Universitário Cajuru, Serviço de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Luiz Roberto Gomes Vialle
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Hospital Universitário Cajuru, Serviço de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Emiliano Neves Vialle
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Hospital Universitário Cajuru, Serviço de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
McGuire R, Borem R, Mercuri J. The fabrication and characterization of a multi-laminate, angle-ply collagen patch for annulus fibrosus repair. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 11:3488-3493. [PMID: 27943659 DOI: 10.1002/term.2250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
One major limitation of intervertebral disc (IVD) repair is that no ideal biomaterial has been developed that effectively mimics the angle-ply collagen architecture and mechanical properties of the native annulus fibrosus (AF). Furthermore, it would be beneficial to devise a simple, scalable process by which to manufacture a biomimetic biomaterial that could function as a mechanical repair patch to be secured over a large defect in the outer AF that will support AF tissue regeneration. Such a biomaterial would: (1) enable the employment of early-stage interventional strategies to treat IVD degeneration (i.e. nucleus pulposus arthroplasty); (2) prevent IVD re-herniation in patients with large AF defects; and (3) serve as a platform to develop full-thickness AF and whole IVD tissue engineering strategies. Due to the innate collagen fibre alignment and mechanical strength of pericardium, a procedure was developed to assemble multi-laminate angle-ply AF patches derived from decellularized pericardial tissue. Patches were subsequently assessed histologically to confirm angle-ply microarchitecture, and mechanically assessed for biaxial burst strength and tensile properties. Additionally, patch cytocompatibility was evaluated following seeding with bovine AF cells. This study demonstrated the effective removal of porcine cell remnants from the pericardium, and the ability to reliably produce multi-laminate patches with angle-ply architecture using a simple assembly technique. Resultant patches demonstrated their inherent ability to resist biaxial burst pressures reminiscent of intradiscal pressures commonly borne by the AF, and exhibited tensile strength and modulus values reported for native human AF. Furthermore, the biomaterial supported AF cell viability, infiltration and proliferation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel McGuire
- The Laboratory of Orthopaedic Tissue Regeneration & Orthobiologics, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Ryan Borem
- The Laboratory of Orthopaedic Tissue Regeneration & Orthobiologics, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Jeremy Mercuri
- The Laboratory of Orthopaedic Tissue Regeneration & Orthobiologics, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Fávaro RC, Arruda ADO, Vialle LRG, Vialle EN. Influência da terapia celular mononuclear sobre a degeneração discal em coelhos. Rev Bras Ortop 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbo.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
|
50
|
T1rho and T2 mapping of lumbar intervertebral disc: Correlation with degeneration and morphologic changes in different disc regions. Magn Reson Imaging 2016; 34:932-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2016.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|