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Fan Y, Liu S, Gao E, Guo R, Dong G, Li Y, Gao T, Tang X, Liao H. The LMIT: Light-mediated minimally-invasive theranostics in oncology. Theranostics 2024; 14:341-362. [PMID: 38164160 PMCID: PMC10750201 DOI: 10.7150/thno.87783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Minimally-invasive diagnosis and therapy have gradually become the trend and research hotspot of current medical applications. The integration of intraoperative diagnosis and treatment is a development important direction for real-time detection, minimally-invasive diagnosis and therapy to reduce mortality and improve the quality of life of patients, so called minimally-invasive theranostics (MIT). Light is an important theranostic tool for the treatment of cancerous tissues. Light-mediated minimally-invasive theranostics (LMIT) is a novel evolutionary technology that integrates diagnosis and therapeutics for the less invasive treatment of diseased tissues. Intelligent theranostics would promote precision surgery based on the optical characterization of cancerous tissues. Furthermore, MIT also requires the assistance of smart medical devices or robots. And, optical multimodality lay a solid foundation for intelligent MIT. In this review, we summarize the important state-of-the-arts of optical MIT or LMIT in oncology. Multimodal optical image-guided intelligent treatment is another focus. Intraoperative imaging and real-time analysis-guided optical treatment are also systemically discussed. Finally, the potential challenges and future perspectives of intelligent optical MIT are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingwei Fan
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 100081
| | - Shuai Liu
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 100081
| | - Enze Gao
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 100081
| | - Rui Guo
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 100081
| | - Guozhao Dong
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 100081
| | - Yangxi Li
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 100084
| | - Tianxin Gao
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 100081
| | - Xiaoying Tang
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, 100081
| | - Hongen Liao
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 100084
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Tanskanen A, Malone J, MacAulay C, Lane P. Multipath artifacts enable angular contrast in multimodal endoscopic optical coherence tomography. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:44224-44245. [PMID: 38178499 DOI: 10.1364/oe.504854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Multipath artifacts are inherent to double-clad fiber based optical coherence tomography (OCT), appearing as ghost images blurred in the A-line direction. They result from the excitation of higher-order inner-cladding modes in the OCT sample arm which cross-couple into the fundamental mode at discontinuities and thus are detected in single-mode fiber-based interferometers. Historically, multipath artifacts have been regarded as a drawback in single fiber endoscopic multimodal OCT systems as they degrade OCT quality. In this work, we reveal that multipath artifacts can be projected into high-quality two-dimensional en face images which encode high angle backscattering features. Using a combination of experiment and simulation, we characterize the coupling of Mie-range scatterers into the fundamental image (LP01 mode) and higher-order image (multipath artifact). This is validated experimentally through imaging of microspheres with an endoscopic multimodal OCT system. The angular dependence of the fundamental image and higher order image generated by the multipath artifact lays the basis for multipath contrast, a ratiometric measurement of differential coupling which provides information regarding the angular diversity of a sample. Multipath contrast images can be generated from OCT data where multipath artifacts are present, meaning that a wealth of clinical data can be retrospectively examined.
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Long H, Ji J, Chen L, Feng J, Liao J, Yang Y. EB-OCT: a potential strategy on early diagnosis and treatment for lung cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1156218. [PMID: 37182131 PMCID: PMC10168178 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1156218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in China and the world, mainly attributed to delayed diagnosis, given that currently available early screening strategies exhibit limited value. Endobronchial optical coherence tomography (EB-OCT) has the characteristics of non-invasiveness, accuracy, and repeatability. Importantly, the combination of EB-OCT with existing technologies represents a potential approach for early screening and diagnosis. In this review, we introduce the structure and strengths of EB-OCT. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive overview of the application of EB-OCT on early screening and diagnosis of lung cancer from in vivo experiments to clinical studies, including differential diagnosis of airway lesions, early screening for lung cancer, lung nodules, lymph node biopsy and localization and palliative treatment of lung cancer. Moreover, the bottlenecks and difficulties in developing and popularizing EB-OCT for diagnosis and treatment during clinical practice are analyzed. The characteristics of OCT images of normal and cancerous lung tissues were in good agreement with the results of pathology, which could be used to judge the nature of lung lesions in real time. In addition, EB-OCT can be used as an assistant to biopsy of pulmonary nodules and improve the success rate of biopsy. EB-OCT also plays an auxiliary role in the treatment of lung cancer. In conclusion, EB-OCT is non-invasive, safe and accurate in real-time. It is of great significance in the diagnosis of lung cancer and suitable for clinical application and is expected to become an important diagnostic method for lung cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Long
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaqi Ji
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiayue Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Tanskanen A, Malone J, Hohert G, Macaulay C, Lane P. Triple-clad W-type fiber mitigates multipath artifacts in multimodal optical coherence tomography. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:4465-4481. [PMID: 36785414 DOI: 10.1364/oe.476768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal endoscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT) can be implemented with double-clad fiber by using the presumed single-mode core for OCT and the higher numerical aperture cladding for a secondary modality. However, the quality of OCT in double-clad fiber (DCF) based systems is compromised by the introduction of multipath artifacts that are nt present in single-mode fiber OCT systems. Herein, the mechanisms for multipath artifacts in DCF are linked to its modal contents using a commercial software package and experimental measurement. A triple-clad W-type fiber is proposed as a method for achieving multimodal imaging with single-mode quality OCT in an endoscopic system. Simulations of the modal contents of a W-type fiber are compared to DCF and single-mode fiber. Finally, a W-Type fiber rotary catheter is used in a DCF-based endoscopic OCT and autofluorescence imaging (AFI) system to demonstrate multipath artifact free OCT and AFI of a human fingertip.
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Double-Clad Fiber-Based Multifunctional Biosensors and Multimodal Bioimaging Systems: Technology and Applications. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12020090. [PMID: 35200350 PMCID: PMC8869713 DOI: 10.3390/bios12020090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Optical fibers have been used to probe various tissue properties such as temperature, pH, absorption, and scattering. Combining different sensing and imaging modalities within a single fiber allows for increased sensitivity without compromising the compactness of an optical fiber probe. A double-clad fiber (DCF) can sustain concurrent propagation modes (single-mode, through its core, and multimode, through an inner cladding), making DCFs ideally suited for multimodal approaches. This study provides a technological review of how DCFs are used to combine multiple sensing functionalities and imaging modalities. Specifically, we discuss the working principles of DCF-based sensors and relevant instrumentation as well as fiber probe designs and functionalization schemes. Secondly, we review different applications using a DCF-based probe to perform multifunctional sensing and multimodal bioimaging.
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Marques MJ, Hughes MR, Uceda AF, Gelikonov G, Bradu A, Podoleanu A. Endoscopic en-face optical coherence tomography and fluorescence imaging using correlation-based probe tracking. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:761-776. [PMID: 35284172 PMCID: PMC8884237 DOI: 10.1364/boe.444170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Forward-viewing endoscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides 3D imaging in vivo, and can be combined with widefield fluorescence imaging by use of a double-clad fiber. However, it is technically challenging to build a high-performance miniaturized 2D scanning system with a large field-of-view. In this paper we demonstrate how a 1D scanning probe, which produces cross-sectional OCT images (B-scans) and 1D fluorescence T-scans, can be transformed into a 2D scanning probe by manual scanning along the second axis. OCT volumes are assembled from the B-scans using speckle decorrelation measurements to estimate the out-of-plane motion along the manual scan direction. Motion within the plane of the B-scans is corrected using image registration by normalized cross correlation. En-face OCT slices and fluorescence images, corrected for probe motion in 3D, can be displayed in real-time during the scan. For a B-scan frame rate of 250 Hz, and an OCT lateral resolution of approximately 20 μ m , the approach can handle out-of-plane motion at speeds of up to 4 mm/s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel J. Marques
- Applied Optics Group, Physics and Astronomy, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, United Kingdom
- Both authors contributed equally to this publication
| | - Michael R. Hughes
- Applied Optics Group, Physics and Astronomy, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, United Kingdom
- Both authors contributed equally to this publication
| | - Adrián F. Uceda
- Applied Optics Group, Physics and Astronomy, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, United Kingdom
| | | | - Adrian Bradu
- Applied Optics Group, Physics and Astronomy, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Podoleanu
- Applied Optics Group, Physics and Astronomy, Division of Natural Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, United Kingdom
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Wartak A, Kelada AK, Leon Alarcon PA, Bablouzian AL, Ahsen OO, Gregg AL, Wei Y, Bollavaram K, Sheil CJ, Farewell E, VanTol S, Smith R, Grahmann P, Baillargeon AR, Gardecki JA, Tearney GJ. Dual-modality optical coherence tomography and fluorescence tethered capsule endomicroscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:4308-4323. [PMID: 34457416 PMCID: PMC8367220 DOI: 10.1364/boe.422453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OCT tethered capsule endomicroscopy (TCE) is an emerging noninvasive diagnostic imaging technology for gastrointestinal (GI) tract disorders. OCT measures tissue reflectivity that provides morphologic image contrast, and thus is incapable of ascertaining molecular information that can be useful for improving diagnostic accuracy. Here, we introduce an extension to OCT TCE that includes a fluorescence (FL) imaging channel for attaining complementary, co-registered molecular contrast. We present the development of an OCT-FL TCE capsule and a portable, plug-and-play OCT-FL imaging system. The technology is validated in phantom experiments and feasibility is demonstrated in a methylene blue (MB)-stained swine esophageal injury model, ex vivo and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Wartak
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alfred K. Kelada
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Paola A. Leon Alarcon
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ara L. Bablouzian
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Osman O. Ahsen
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Abigail L. Gregg
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yuxiao Wei
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Keval Bollavaram
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Conor J. Sheil
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Edward Farewell
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Schuyler VanTol
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Rachel Smith
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Patricia Grahmann
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Aaron R. Baillargeon
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Joseph A. Gardecki
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Guillermo J. Tearney
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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8
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Hamidi A, Bayhaqi YA, Canbaz F, Navarini AA, Cattin PC, Zam A. Long-range optical coherence tomography with extended depth-of-focus: a visual feedback system for smart laser osteotomy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:2118-2133. [PMID: 33996219 PMCID: PMC8086437 DOI: 10.1364/boe.414300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This work presents a long-range and extended depth-of-focus optical coherence tomography (OCT) system using a Bessel-like beam (BLB) as a visual feedback system during laser osteotomy. We used a swept-source OCT system (λ c = 1310 nm) with an imaging range of 26.2 mm in the air, integrated with a high energy microsecond Er:YAG laser operating at 2.94 µm. We demonstrated that the self-healing characteristics of the BLB could reduce the imaging artifacts that may arise during real-time monitoring of laser ablation. Furthermore, the feasibility of using long-range OCT to monitor a deep laser-induced incision is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arsham Hamidi
- Biomedical Laser and Optics Group (BLOG), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Yakub A Bayhaqi
- Biomedical Laser and Optics Group (BLOG), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Ferda Canbaz
- Biomedical Laser and Optics Group (BLOG), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Alexander A Navarini
- Digital Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Philippe C Cattin
- Center for medical Image Analysis and Navigation (CIAN), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Azhar Zam
- Biomedical Laser and Optics Group (BLOG), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
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Two diagnostic criteria of optical spectroscopy for bladder tumor detection: Clinical study using 5-ALA induced fluorescence and mathematical modeling. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 31:101829. [PMID: 32445963 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study proposes to improve bladder cancer diagnosis by photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) using red-light excitation (632.8 nm) of 5-ALA induced-protoporphyrin IX. Employing 9 patients' bladders, two types of signals were used to improve diagnostic accuracy for malignancy and we also present numerical modeling of the scattering coefficient to provide biological explanation of the results obtained. METHODS Two modalities of bladder cancer spectral diagnosis are presented: conventional PDD and intensity assessment of the diffusely reflected laser light by fiber-optic spectroscopy. Experiments are done in clinical conditions and as a series of numerical simulations. RESULTS High-grade cancerous bladder tissues display twice a higher relative fluorescence intensity (mean value 1, n = 9) than healthy (0.39, n = 9), dysplastic (0.44, n = 5) tissues and CIS (0.39, n = 2). The laser back-scattering signal allows to discriminate most effectively high-grade cancerous and dysplastic tissues from normal. Numerical modeling of diffuse reflectance spectra reveals that spectral behavior of the back-scattered light depends on both, nuclear size and nuclear density of tumoral cells. CONCLUSIONS Unlike the fluorescence signal, where its value is higher in the case of pathological tissues, the tendency of the laser signal to, both, decrease or increase in comparison with the signal from normal urothelium, should be perceived as a sign towards neoplasm. Numerical simulation reveals that such a double-analysis at a multiwavelength mode potentially may be used to provide diagnostic accuracy.
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Buenconsejo AL, Hohert G, Manning M, Abouei E, Tingley R, Janzen I, McAlpine J, Miller D, Lee A, Lane P, MacAulay C. Submillimeter diameter rotary-pullback fiber-optic endoscope for narrowband red-green-blue reflectance, optical coherence tomography, and autofluorescence in vivo imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2019; 25:1-7. [PMID: 31650742 PMCID: PMC7010984 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.25.3.032005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A fiber-based endoscopic imaging system combining narrowband red-green-blue (RGB) reflectance with optical coherence tomography (OCT) and autofluorescence imaging (AFI) has been developed. The system uses a submillimeter diameter rotary-pullback double-clad fiber imaging catheter for sample illumination and detection. The imaging capabilities of each modality are presented and demonstrated with images of a multicolored card, fingerprints, and tongue mucosa. Broadband imaging, which was done to compare with narrowband sources, revealed better contrast but worse color consistency compared with narrowband RGB reflectance. The measured resolution of the endoscopic system is 25 μm in both the rotary direction and the pullback direction. OCT can be performed simultaneously with either narrowband RGB reflectance imaging or AFI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Louise Buenconsejo
- British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Department of Integrative Oncology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Geoffrey Hohert
- British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Department of Integrative Oncology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Max Manning
- British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Department of Integrative Oncology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Elham Abouei
- British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Department of Integrative Oncology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Reid Tingley
- British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Department of Integrative Oncology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ian Janzen
- British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Department of Integrative Oncology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jessica McAlpine
- Vancouver General Hospital, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dianne Miller
- Vancouver General Hospital, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anthony Lee
- British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Department of Integrative Oncology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Pierre Lane
- British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Department of Integrative Oncology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Calum MacAulay
- British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Department of Integrative Oncology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Address all correspondence to Calum MacAulay, E-mail:
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Marques MJ, Hughes MR, Vyas K, Thrapp A, Zhang H, Bradu A, Gelikonov G, Giataganas P, Payne CJ, Yang GZ, Podoleanu A. En-face optical coherence tomography/fluorescence endomicroscopy for minimally invasive imaging using a robotic scanner. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2019; 24:1-15. [PMID: 31222989 PMCID: PMC6977172 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.24.6.066006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report a compact rigid instrument capable of delivering en-face optical coherence tomography (OCT) images alongside (epi)-fluorescence endomicroscopy (FEM) images by means of a robotic scanning device. Two working imaging channels are included: one for a one-dimensional scanning, forward-viewing OCT probe and another for a fiber bundle used for the FEM system. The robotic scanning system provides the second axis of scanning for the OCT channel while allowing the field of view (FoV) of the FEM channel to be increased by mosaicking. The OCT channel has resolutions of 25 / 60 μm (axial/lateral) and can provide en-face images with an FoV of 1.6 × 2.7 mm2. The FEM channel has a lateral resolution of better than 8 μm and can generate an FoV of 0.53 × 3.25 mm2 through mosaicking. The reproducibility of the scanning was determined using phantoms to be better than the lateral resolution of the OCT channel. Combined OCT and FEM imaging were validated with ex-vivo ovine and porcine tissues, with the instrument mounted on an arm to ensure constant contact of the probe with the tissue. The OCT imaging system alone was validated for in-vivo human dermal imaging with the handheld instrument. In both cases, the instrument was capable of resolving fine features such as the sweat glands in human dermal tissue and the alveoli in porcine lung tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel J. Marques
- University of Kent, School of Physical Sciences, Applied Optics Group, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Michael R. Hughes
- University of Kent, School of Physical Sciences, Applied Optics Group, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Khushi Vyas
- Imperial College London, Hamlyn Centre for Robotic Surgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Thrapp
- University of Kent, School of Physical Sciences, Applied Optics Group, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Haojie Zhang
- Imperial College London, Hamlyn Centre for Robotic Surgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Bradu
- University of Kent, School of Physical Sciences, Applied Optics Group, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | | | - Petros Giataganas
- Imperial College London, Hamlyn Centre for Robotic Surgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Payne
- Imperial College London, Hamlyn Centre for Robotic Surgery, London, United Kingdom
- Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Guang-Zhong Yang
- Imperial College London, Hamlyn Centre for Robotic Surgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Podoleanu
- University of Kent, School of Physical Sciences, Applied Optics Group, Canterbury, United Kingdom
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12
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Shi W, Chen C, Pasarikovski CR, Gao W, Yang VXD. Differential phase standard-deviation-based optical coherence tomographic angiography for human retinal imaging in vivo. APPLIED OPTICS 2019; 58:3401-3409. [PMID: 31044835 DOI: 10.1364/ao.58.003401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present a differential phase standard-deviation (DPSD)-based optical coherence tomographic (OCT) angiography (OCTA) technique to calculate the angiography images of the human retina. The standard deviation was calculated along the depth direction on the differential phase image of two B-scans (from the same position, at different times) to contrast dynamic vascular signals. The performance of a DPSD was verified by both phantom and in vivo experiments. When compared to other OCTA algorithms such as phase variance OCT, speckle variance OCT, and optical microangiography, we showed that a DPSD achieved improved image contrast and higher sensitivity. Furthermore, we also found the improved signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio of 1.6 dB and 0.5, respectively, in large scanning range images.
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13
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Swaan A, Muller BG, Wilk LS, Almasian M, van Kollenburg RAA, Zwartkruis E, Rozendaal LR, de Bruin DM, Faber DJ, van Leeuwen TG, van Herk MB. One-to-one registration of en-face optical coherence tomography attenuation coefficients with histology of a prostatectomy specimen. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201800274. [PMID: 30565879 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT), enables high-resolution 3D imaging of the morphology of light scattering tissues. From the OCT signal, parameters can be extracted and related to tissue structures. One of the quantitative parameters is the attenuation coefficient; the rate at which the intensity of detected light decays in depth. To couple the quantitative parameters with the histology one-to-one registration is needed. The primary aim of this study is to validate a registration method of quantitative OCT parameters to histological tissue outcome through one-to-one registration of OCT with histology. We matched OCT images of unstained fixated prostate tissue slices with corresponding histology slides, wherein different histologic types were demarcated. Attenuation coefficients were determined by a supervised automated exponential fit (corrected for point spread function and sensitivity roll-off related signal losses) over a depth of 0.32 mm starting from 0.10 mm below the automatically detected tissue edge. Finally, the attenuation coefficients corresponding to the different tissue types of the prostate were compared. From the attenuation coefficients, we produced the squared relative residue and goodness-of-fit metric R2 . This article explains the method to perform supervised automated quantitative analysis of OCT data, and the one-to-one registration of OCT extracted quantitative data with histopathological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Swaan
- Department of Urology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Berrend G Muller
- Department of Urology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Leah S Wilk
- Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mitra Almasian
- Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Evita Zwartkruis
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - L Rence Rozendaal
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Daniel M de Bruin
- Department of Urology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dirk J Faber
- Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ton G van Leeuwen
- Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marcel B van Herk
- Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Division of Cancer Science, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK
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14
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Feroldi F, Verlaan M, Knaus H, Davidoiu V, Vugts DJ, van Dongen GAMS, Molthoff CFM, de Boer JF. High resolution combined molecular and structural optical imaging of colorectal cancer in a xenograft mouse model. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 9:6186-6204. [PMID: 31065422 PMCID: PMC6491025 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.006186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
With the emergence of immunotherapies for cancer treatment, there is a rising clinical need to visualize the tumor microenvironment (TME) non-invasively in detail, which could be crucial to predict the efficacy of therapy. Nuclear imaging techniques enable whole-body imaging but lack the required spatial resolution. Conversely, near-infrared immunofluorescence (immuno-NIRF) is able to reveal tumor cells and/or other cell subsets in the TME by targeting the expression of a specific membrane receptor with fluorescently labeled monoclonal antibodies (mAb). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides three-dimensional morphological imaging of tissues without exogenous contrast agents. The combination of the two allows molecular and structural contrast at a resolution of ~15 µm, allowing for the specific location of a cell-type target with immuno-NIRF as well as revealing the three-dimensional architectural context with OCT. For the first time, combined immuno-NIRF and OCT of a tumor is demonstrated in situ in a xenograft mouse model of human colorectal cancer, targeted by a clinically-safe fluorescent mAb, revealing unprecedented details of the TME. A handheld scanner for ex vivo examination and an endoscope designed for imaging bronchioles in vivo are presented. This technique promises to complement nuclear imaging for diagnosing cancer invasiveness, precisely determining tumor margins, and studying the biodistribution of newly developed antibodies in high detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Feroldi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mariska Verlaan
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Helene Knaus
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Valentina Davidoiu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle J. Vugts
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Guus A. M. S. van Dongen
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carla F. M. Molthoff
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes F. de Boer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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15
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Harlow M, MacAulay C, Lane P, Lee AMD. Dual-beam manually actuated distortion-corrected imaging (DMDI): two dimensional scanning with a single-axis galvanometer. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:18758-18772. [PMID: 30114048 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.018758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We recently demonstrated a new two-dimensional imaging paradigm called dual-beam manually actuated distortion-corrected imaging (DMDI). This technique uses a single mechanical scanner and two spatially separated beams to determine relative sample velocity and simultaneously corrects image distortions due to manual actuation. DMDI was first demonstrated using a rotating dual-beam micromotor catheter. Here, we present a new implementation of DMDI using a single axis galvanometer to scan a pair of beams in approximately parallel lines onto a sample. Furthermore, we present a method for automated distortion correction based on frame co-registration between images acquired by the two beams. Distortion correction is possible for manually actuated motion both perpendicular and parallel to the galvanometer-scanned lines. Using en face OCT as the imaging modality, we demonstrate DMDI and the automated distortion correction algorithm for imaging a printed paper phantom, a dragon fruit, and a fingerprint.
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16
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Le Marois A, Suhling K. Quantitative Live Cell FLIM Imaging in Three Dimensions. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1035:31-48. [PMID: 29080129 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-67358-5_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter, the concept of fluorescence lifetime and its utility in quantitative live cell imaging will be introduced, along with methods to record and analyze FLIM data. Relevant applications in 3D tissue and live cell imaging, including multiplexed FLIM detection, will also be detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alix Le Marois
- Department of Physics, King's College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Klaus Suhling
- Department of Physics, King's College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS, UK.
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17
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Tsai MT, Chen Y, Lee CY, Huang BH, Trung NH, Lee YJ, Wang YL. Noninvasive structural and microvascular anatomy of oral mucosae using handheld optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:5001-5012. [PMID: 29188097 PMCID: PMC5695947 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.005001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrated the feasibility of using a handheld optical coherence tomography (OCT) for in vivo visualizations of the microstructural and microvascular features of various oral mucosal types. To scan arbitrary locations of the oral mucosa, a scanning probe was developed, composed of a probe body fabricated by a 3D printer, miniaturized two-axis galvanometer, relay lenses, and reflective prism. With a 3D printing technique, the probe weight and the system volume were greatly reduced, enabling the effective improvement of imaging artifacts from unconscious motion and system complexity. Additionally, in our design, the distal end of the probe can be switched to fit various oral conditions, and the optical parameters of the probe, such as the transverse resolution, working distance, and probe length can be easily varied. The results showed that the epithelium and lamina propria layers, as well as the fungiform papilla and salivary gland, were differentiated. Moreover, various microcirculation features at different mucosal sites were identified that are potentially effective indicators for the diagnosis of premalignant lesions. The demonstrated results indicate that the developed OCT system is a promising tool for noninvasive imaging of oral mucosae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Tsan Tsai
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302 Taiwan
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, 33302 Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, 33305 Taiwan
| | - Yingdan Chen
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, 33302 Taiwan
- School of Information and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 31108 China
| | - Cheng-Yu Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302 Taiwan
| | - Bo-Huei Huang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302 Taiwan
| | - Nguyen Hoang Trung
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302 Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ju Lee
- Institute of Electro-Optical Science and Technology, National Taiwan Normal University, 11677 Taiwan
| | - Yen-Li Wang
- Department of Periodontics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 33378 Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302 Taiwan
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18
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SHERLOCK BENJAMINE, PHIPPS JENNIFERE, BEC JULIEN, MARCU LAURA. Simultaneous, label-free, multispectral fluorescence lifetime imaging and optical coherence tomography using a double-clad fiber. OPTICS LETTERS 2017; 42:3753-3756. [PMID: 28957119 PMCID: PMC8951707 DOI: 10.1364/ol.42.003753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel fiber-based imaging platform that allows simultaneous fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIm) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) using a double-clad fiber. This platform acquires co-registered images showing structural and compositional contrast in unlabeled biological samples by scanning the fiber tip across the sample surface. In this Letter, we report a characterization of each modality and show examples of co-registered FLIm and OCT images acquired from a lemon segment and a section of human coronary artery. The close comparison between the combined FLIm and OCT images and a co-registered histology section provides a qualitative validation of the technique and highlights its potential for minimally invasive, multimodal imaging of tissue structure and composition.
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19
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Lee AMD, Hohert G, Angkiriwang PT, MacAulay C, Lane P. Dual-beam manually-actuated distortion-corrected imaging (DMDI) with micromotor catheters. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:22164-22177. [PMID: 29041505 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.022164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present a new paradigm for performing two-dimensional scanning called dual-beam manually-actuated distortion-corrected imaging (DMDI). DMDI operates by imaging the same object with two spatially-separated beams that are being mechanically scanned rapidly in one dimension with slower manual actuation along a second dimension. Registration of common features between the two imaging channels allows remapping of the images to correct for distortions due to manual actuation. We demonstrate DMDI using a 4.7 mm OD rotationally scanning dual-beam micromotor catheter (DBMC). The DBMC requires a simple, one-time calibration of the beam paths by imaging a patterned phantom. DMDI allows for distortion correction of non-uniform axial speed and rotational motion of the DBMC. We show the utility of this technique by demonstrating en face OCT image distortion correction of a manually-scanned checkerboard phantom and fingerprint scan.
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20
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Madore WJ, De Montigny E, Deschênes A, Benboujja F, Leduc M, Mes-Masson AM, Provencher DM, Rahimi K, Boudoux C, Godbout N. Morphologic three-dimensional scanning of fallopian tubes to assist ovarian cancer diagnosis. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2017; 22:76012. [PMID: 28727868 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.7.076012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The majority of high-grade serous ovarian cancers is now believed to originate in the fallopian tubes. Therefore, current practices include the pathological examination of excised fallopian tubes. Detection of tumors in the fallopian tubes using current clinical approaches remains difficult but is of critical importance to achieve accurate staging and diagnosis. Here, we present an intraoperative imaging system for the detection of human fallopian tube lesions. The system is based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) to access subepithelial tissue architecture. To demonstrate that OCT could identify lesions, we analyzed 180 OCT volumes taken from five different ovarian lesions and from healthy fallopian tubes, and compared them to standard pathological review. We demonstrated that qualitative features could be matched to pathological conditions. We then determined the feasibility of intraluminal imaging of intact human fallopian tubes by building a dedicated endoscopic single-fiber OCT probe to access the mucosal layer inside freshly excised specimens from five patients undergoing prophylactic surgeries. The probe insertion into the lumen acquired images over the entire length of the tubes without damaging the mucosa, providing the first OCT images of intact human fallopian tubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy-Julie Madore
- École Polytechnique Montréal, Centre d'Optique, Photonique et Lasers (COPL), Montreal, CanadabCentre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université (CRCHUM), Cancer and Imaging and Engineering Departments, Montreal, CanadacInstitut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Etienne De Montigny
- École Polytechnique Montréal, Centre d'Optique, Photonique et Lasers (COPL), Montreal, CanadabCentre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université (CRCHUM), Cancer and Imaging and Engineering Departments, Montreal, Canada
| | - Andréanne Deschênes
- École Polytechnique Montréal, Centre d'Optique, Photonique et Lasers (COPL), Montreal, Canada
| | - Fouzi Benboujja
- École Polytechnique Montréal, Centre d'Optique, Photonique et Lasers (COPL), Montreal, Canada
| | - Mikaël Leduc
- École Polytechnique Montréal, Centre d'Optique, Photonique et Lasers (COPL), Montreal, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université (CRCHUM), Cancer and Imaging and Engineering Departments, Montreal, CanadacInstitut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, CanadadUniversité de Montréal, Department of Medicine, Montreal, Canada
| | - Diane M Provencher
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université (CRCHUM), Cancer and Imaging and Engineering Departments, Montreal, CanadacInstitut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, CanadaeUniversité de Montréal, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Montreal, Canada
| | - Kurosh Rahimi
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université (CRCHUM), Cancer and Imaging and Engineering Departments, Montreal, CanadacInstitut du cancer de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Caroline Boudoux
- École Polytechnique Montréal, Centre d'Optique, Photonique et Lasers (COPL), Montreal, Canada
| | - Nicolas Godbout
- École Polytechnique Montréal, Centre d'Optique, Photonique et Lasers (COPL), Montreal, Canada
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21
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Gentile E, Maio C, Romano A, Laino L, Lucchese A. The potential role of in vivo optical coherence tomography for evaluating oral soft tissue: A systematic review. J Oral Pathol Med 2017; 46:864-876. [PMID: 28477348 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The introduction of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in dentistry enabled the integration of already existing clinical and laboratory investigations in the study of the oral cavity. This systematic review presents an overview of the literature, to evaluate the usefulness of in vivo OCT for diagnosing oral soft tissues lesions, to compare the OCT results with traditional histology, and to identify limitations in prior studies so as to improve OCT applications. METHODS We performed a review of the literature using different search engines (PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library) employing MeSH terms such as "optical coherence tomography" and "OCT" in conjunction with other terms. We utilized the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Study design (PICOS) method to define our study eligibility criteria. RESULTS Initial results were 3155. In conclusion, there were only 27 studies which met our selection criteria. We decided to allocate the 27 selected items into three groups: healthy mucosa; benign, premalignant, and malignant lesions; and oral manifestations of systemic therapies or pathological conditions. CONCLUSIONS Although the OCT is an easy-to-perform test and it offers an attractive diagnostic and monitoring prospect for soft tissues of the oral cavity, further studies are needed to complete the current knowledge of this imaging technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Gentile
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania - Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Maio
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania - Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Romano
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania - Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Laino
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania - Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberta Lucchese
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania - Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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22
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Method for single illumination source combined optical coherence tomography and fluorescence imaging of fluorescently labeled ocular structures in transgenic mice. Exp Eye Res 2016; 151:68-74. [PMID: 27519152 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In vivo imaging permits longitudinal study of ocular disease processes in the same animal over time. Two different in vivo optical imaging modalities - optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fluorescence - provide important structural and cellular data respectively about disease processes. In this Methods in Eye Research article, we describe and demonstrate the combination of these two modalities producing a truly simultaneous OCT and fluorescence imaging system for imaging of fluorescently labeled animal models. This system uses only a single light source to illuminate both modalities, and both share the same field of view. This allows simultaneous acquisition of OCT and fluorescence images, and the benefits of both techniques are realized without incurring increased costs in variability, light exposure, time, and post-processing effort as would occur when the modalities are used separately. We then utilized this system to demonstrate multi-modal imaging in a progression of samples exhibiting both fluorescence and OCT scattering beginning with resolution targets, ex vivo thy1-YFP labeled neurons in mouse eyes, and finally an in vivo longitudinal time course of GFP labeled myeloid cells in a mouse model of ocular allergy.
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23
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Pahlevaninezhad H, Lee AMD, Hohert G, Lam S, Shaipanich T, Beaudoin EL, MacAulay C, Boudoux C, Lane P. Endoscopic high-resolution autofluorescence imaging and OCT of pulmonary vascular networks. OPTICS LETTERS 2016; 41:3209-12. [PMID: 27420497 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.003209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution imaging from within airways may allow new methods for studying lung disease. In this work, we report an endoscopic imaging system capable of high-resolution autofluorescence imaging (AFI) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) in peripheral airways using a 0.9 mm diameter double-clad fiber (DCF) catheter. In this system, AFI excitation light is coupled into the core of the DCF, enabling tightly focused excitation light while maintaining efficient collection of autofluorescence emission through the large diameter inner cladding of the DCF. We demonstrate the ability of this imaging system to visualize pulmonary vasculature as small as 12 μm in vivo.
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24
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Pahlevaninezhad H, Lee AMD, Ritchie A, Shaipanich T, Zhang W, Ionescu DN, Hohert G, MacAulay C, Lam S, Lane P. Endoscopic Doppler optical coherence tomography and autofluorescence imaging of peripheral pulmonary nodules and vasculature. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 6:4191-9. [PMID: 26504665 PMCID: PMC4605074 DOI: 10.1364/boe.6.004191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We present the first endoscopic Doppler optical coherence tomography and co-registered autofluorescence imaging (DOCT-AFI) of peripheral pulmonary nodules and vascular networks in vivo using a small 0.9 mm diameter catheter. Using exemplary images from volumetric data sets collected from 31 patients during flexible bronchoscopy, we demonstrate how DOCT and AFI offer complementary information that may increase the ability to locate and characterize pulmonary nodules. AFI offers a sensitive visual presentation for the rapid identification of suspicious airway sites, while co-registered OCT provides detailed structural information to assess the airway morphology. We demonstrate the ability of AFI to visualize vascular networks in vivo and validate this finding using Doppler and structural OCT. Given the advantages of higher resolution, smaller probe size, and ability to visualize vasculature, DOCT-AFI has the potential to increase diagnostic accuracy and minimize bleeding to guide biopsy of pulmonary nodules compared to radial endobronchial ultrasound, the current standard of care.
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25
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Scolaro L, Lorenser D, Madore WJ, Kirk RW, Kramer AS, Yeoh GC, Godbout N, Sampson DD, Boudoux C, McLaughlin RA. Molecular imaging needles: dual-modality optical coherence tomography and fluorescence imaging of labeled antibodies deep in tissue. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 6:1767-81. [PMID: 26137379 PMCID: PMC4467702 DOI: 10.1364/boe.6.001767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Molecular imaging using optical techniques provides insight into disease at the cellular level. In this paper, we report on a novel dual-modality probe capable of performing molecular imaging by combining simultaneous three-dimensional optical coherence tomography (OCT) and two-dimensional fluorescence imaging in a hypodermic needle. The probe, referred to as a molecular imaging (MI) needle, may be inserted tens of millimeters into tissue. The MI needle utilizes double-clad fiber to carry both imaging modalities, and is interfaced to a 1310-nm OCT system and a fluorescence imaging subsystem using an asymmetrical double-clad fiber coupler customized to achieve high fluorescence collection efficiency. We present, to the best of our knowledge, the first dual-modality OCT and fluorescence needle probe with sufficient sensitivity to image fluorescently labeled antibodies. Such probes enable high-resolution molecular imaging deep within tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loretta Scolaro
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic, & Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Dirk Lorenser
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic, & Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Wendy-Julie Madore
- Centre d'optique, photonique et lasers, Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal (QC), Canada
| | - Rodney W. Kirk
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic, & Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Anne S. Kramer
- Centre for Medical Research, The Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - George C. Yeoh
- Centre for Medical Research, The Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Nicolas Godbout
- Centre d'optique, photonique et lasers, Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal (QC), Canada
| | - David D. Sampson
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic, & Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation & Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Caroline Boudoux
- Centre d'optique, photonique et lasers, Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal (QC), Canada
| | - Robert A. McLaughlin
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic, & Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
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26
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De Montigny E, Madore WJ, Ouellette O, Bernard G, Leduc M, Strupler M, Boudoux C, Godbout N. Double-clad fiber coupler for partially coherent detection. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:9040-51. [PMID: 25968739 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.009040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Double-clad fibers (DCF) have many advantages in fibered confocal microscopes as they allow for coherent illumination through their core and partially coherent detection through their inner cladding. We report a double-clad fiber coupler (DCFC) made from small inner cladding DCF that preserves optical sectioning in confocal microscopy while increasing collection efficiency and reducing coherent effects. Due to the small inner cladding, previously demonstrated fabrication methods could not be translated to this coupler's fabrication. To make such a coupler possible, we introduce in this article three new design concepts. The resulting DCFC fabricated using two custom fibers and a modified fusion-tapering technique achieves high multimodal extraction (≥70 %) and high single mode transmission (≥80 %). Its application to reflectance confocal microscopy showed a 30-fold increase in detected signal intensity, a 4-fold speckle contrast reduction with a penalty in axial resolution of a factor 2. This coupler paves the way towards more efficient confocal microscopes for clinical applications.
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27
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Beaudette K, Baac HW, Madore WJ, Villiger M, Godbout N, Bouma BE, Boudoux C. Laser tissue coagulation and concurrent optical coherence tomography through a double-clad fiber coupler. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 6:1293-303. [PMID: 25909013 PMCID: PMC4399668 DOI: 10.1364/boe.6.001293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Double-clad fiber (DCF) is herein used in conjunction with a double-clad fiber coupler (DCFC) to enable simultaneous and co-registered optical coherence tomography (OCT) and laser tissue coagulation. The DCF allows a single channel fiber-optic probe to be shared: i.e. the core propagating the OCT signal while the inner cladding delivers the coagulation laser light. We herein present a novel DCFC designed and built to combine both signals within a DCF (>90% of single-mode transmission; >65% multimode coupling). Potential OCT imaging degradation mechanisms are also investigated and solutions to mitigate them are presented. The combined DCFC-based system was used to induce coagulation of an ex vivo swine esophagus allowing a real-time assessment of thermal dynamic processes. We therefore demonstrate a DCFC-based system combining OCT imaging with laser coagulation through a single fiber, thus enabling both modalities to be performed simultaneously and in a co-registered manner. Such a system enables endoscopic image-guided laser marking of superficial epithelial tissues or laser thermal therapy of epithelial lesions in pathologies such as Barrett's esophagus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Beaudette
- Centre d’Optique Photonique et Lasers, Polytechnique Montreal, Department of Engineering Physics, Montreal, QC H3C 3A7,
Canada
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114,
USA
| | - Hyoung Won Baac
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114,
USA
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon,
South Korea
| | - Wendy-Julie Madore
- Centre d’Optique Photonique et Lasers, Polytechnique Montreal, Department of Engineering Physics, Montreal, QC H3C 3A7,
Canada
| | - Martin Villiger
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114,
USA
| | - Nicolas Godbout
- Centre d’Optique Photonique et Lasers, Polytechnique Montreal, Department of Engineering Physics, Montreal, QC H3C 3A7,
Canada
| | - Brett E. Bouma
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114,
USA
- Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142,
USA
| | - Caroline Boudoux
- Centre d’Optique Photonique et Lasers, Polytechnique Montreal, Department of Engineering Physics, Montreal, QC H3C 3A7,
Canada
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28
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Li J, Feroldi F, de Lange J, Daniels JMA, Grünberg K, de Boer JF. Polarization sensitive optical frequency domain imaging system for endobronchial imaging. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:3390-402. [PMID: 25836196 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.003390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A polarization sensitive endoscopic optical frequency domain imaging (PS-OFDI) system with a motorized distal scanning catheter is demonstrated. It employs a passive polarization delay unit to multiplex two orthogonal probing polarization states in depth, and a polarization diverse detection unit to detect interference signal in two orthogonal polarization channels. Per depth location four electro-magnetic field components are measured that can be represented in a complex 2x2 field matrix. A Jones matrix of the sample is derived and the sample birefringence is extracted by eigenvalue decomposition. The condition of balanced detection and the polarization mode dispersion are quantified. A complex field averaging method based on the alignment of randomly pointing field phasors is developed to reduce speckle noise. The variation of the polarization states incident on the tissue due to the circular scanning and catheter sheath birefringence is investigated. With this system we demonstrated imaging of ex vivo chicken muscle, in vivo pig lung and ex vivo human lung specimens.
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Pahlevaninezhad H, Lee AMD, Rosin M, Sun I, Zhang L, Hakimi M, MacAulay C, Lane PM. Optical coherence tomography and autofluorescence imaging of human tonsil. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115889. [PMID: 25542010 PMCID: PMC4277424 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
For the first time, we present co-registered autofluorescence imaging and optical coherence tomography (AF/OCT) of excised human palatine tonsils to evaluate the capabilities of OCT to visualize tonsil tissue components. Despite limited penetration depth, OCT can provide detailed structural information about tonsil tissue with much higher resolution than that of computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and Ultrasound. Different tonsil tissue components such as epithelium, dense connective tissue, lymphoid nodules, and crypts can be visualized by OCT. The co-registered AF imaging can provide matching biochemical information. AF/OCT scans may provide a non-invasive tool for detecting tonsillar cancers and for studying the natural history of their development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Pahlevaninezhad
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anthony M. D. Lee
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Miriam Rosin
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ivan Sun
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lewei Zhang
- Department of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mehrnoush Hakimi
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Calum MacAulay
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Pierre M. Lane
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Center, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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