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Song C, He W, Feng J, Twa MD, Huang Y, Xu J, Qin J, An L, Wei X, Lan G. Dual-channel air-pulse optical coherence elastography for frequency-response analysis. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:3301-3316. [PMID: 38855682 PMCID: PMC11161337 DOI: 10.1364/boe.520551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Microliter air-pulse optical coherence elastography (OCE) has recently been proposed for the characterization of soft-tissue biomechanics using transient, sub-nanometer to micrometer-scale natural frequency oscillations. However, previous studies have not been able to provide real-time air-pulse monitoring during OCE natural frequency measurement, which could lead to inaccurate measurement results due to the unknown excitation spectrum. To address this issue, we introduce a dual-channel air-pulse OCE method, with one channel stimulating the sample and the other being simultaneously measured with a pressure sensor. This allows for more accurate natural frequency characterization using the frequency response function, as proven by a comprehensive comparison under different conditions with a diverse range of excitation spectra (from broad to narrow, clean to noisy) as well as a diverse set of sample response spectra. We also demonstrate the capability of the frequency-response analysis in distinguishing samples with different stiffness levels: the dominant natural frequencies increased with agar concentrations (181-359 Hz, concentrations: 1-2%, and maximum displacements: 0.12-0.47 µm) and intraocular pressures (IOPs) for the silicone cornea (333-412 Hz, IOP: 5-40 mmHg, and maximum displacements: 0.41-0.52 µm) under a 200 Pa stimulation pressure. These frequencies remained consistent across different air-pulse durations (3 ms to 35 ms). The dual-channel OCE approach that uses transient, low-pressure stimulation and high-resolution imaging holds the potential to advance our understanding of sample frequency responses, especially when investigating delicate tissues such as the human cornea in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjin Song
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Weichao He
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Jinping Feng
- Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, China
| | - Michael D. Twa
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Yanping Huang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
- Guangdong Weiren Meditech Co., Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Jingjiang Xu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
- Guangdong Weiren Meditech Co., Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Jia Qin
- Guangdong Weiren Meditech Co., Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Lin An
- Guangdong Weiren Meditech Co., Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Xunbin Wei
- Cancer Hospital and Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University, Beijing 100142, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing 100081, China
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
- International Cancer Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Gongpu Lan
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
- Guangdong Weiren Meditech Co., Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
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Lan G, Twa MD, Song C, Feng J, Huang Y, Xu J, Qin J, An L, Wei X. In vivo corneal elastography: A topical review of challenges and opportunities. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:2664-2687. [PMID: 37181662 PMCID: PMC10173410 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical measurement of corneal biomechanics can aid in the early diagnosis, progression tracking, and treatment evaluation of ocular diseases. Over the past two decades, interdisciplinary collaborations between investigators in optical engineering, analytical biomechanical modeling, and clinical research has expanded our knowledge of corneal biomechanics. These advances have led to innovations in testing methods (ex vivo, and recently, in vivo) across multiple spatial and strain scales. However, in vivo measurement of corneal biomechanics remains a long-standing challenge and is currently an active area of research. Here, we review the existing and emerging approaches for in vivo corneal biomechanics evaluation, which include corneal applanation methods, such as ocular response analyzer (ORA) and corneal visualization Scheimpflug technology (Corvis ST), Brillouin microscopy, and elastography methods, and the emerging field of optical coherence elastography (OCE). We describe the fundamental concepts, analytical methods, and current clinical status for each of these methods. Finally, we discuss open questions for the current state of in vivo biomechanics assessment techniques and requirements for wider use that will further broaden our understanding of corneal biomechanics for the detection and management of ocular diseases, and improve the safety and efficacy of future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongpu Lan
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
- Weiren Meditech Co., Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Michael D Twa
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, United States
| | - Chengjin Song
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - JinPing Feng
- Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, China
| | - Yanping Huang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
- Weiren Meditech Co., Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Jingjiang Xu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
- Weiren Meditech Co., Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Jia Qin
- Weiren Meditech Co., Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Lin An
- Weiren Meditech Co., Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Xunbin Wei
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing 100081, China
- International Cancer Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
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Lan G, Shi Q, Wang Y, Ma G, Cai J, Feng J, Huang Y, Gu B, An L, Xu J, Qin J, Twa MD. Spatial Assessment of Heterogeneous Tissue Natural Frequency Using Micro-Force Optical Coherence Elastography. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:851094. [PMID: 35360399 PMCID: PMC8962667 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.851094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of corneal tissue natural frequency was recently proposed as a biomarker for corneal biomechanics and has been performed using high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based elastography (OCE). However, it remains unknown whether natural frequency analysis can resolve local variations in tissue structure. We measured heterogeneous samples to evaluate the correspondence between natural frequency distributions and regional structural variations. Sub-micrometer sample oscillations were induced point-wise by microliter air pulses (60–85 Pa, 3 ms) and detected correspondingly at each point using a 1,300 nm spectral domain common path OCT system with 0.44 nm phase detection sensitivity. The resulting oscillation frequency features were analyzed via fast Fourier transform and natural frequency was characterized using a single degree of freedom (SDOF) model. Oscillation features at each measurement point showed a complex frequency response with multiple frequency components that corresponded with global structural features; while the variation of frequency magnitude at each location reflected the local sample features. Silicone blocks (255.1 ± 11.0 Hz and 249.0 ± 4.6 Hz) embedded in an agar base (355.6 ± 0.8 Hz and 361.3 ± 5.5 Hz) were clearly distinguishable by natural frequency. In a beef shank sample, central fat and connective tissues had lower natural frequencies (91.7 ± 58.2 Hz) than muscle tissue (left side: 252.6 ± 52.3 Hz; right side: 161.5 ± 35.8 Hz). As a first step, we have shown the possibility of natural frequency OCE methods to characterize global and local features of heterogeneous samples. This method can provide additional information on corneal properties, complementary to current clinical biomechanical assessments, and could become a useful tool for clinical detection of ocular disease and evaluation of medical or surgical treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongpu Lan
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Innovation and Entrepreneurship Teams of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program, Weiren Meditech Co., Ltd., Foshan, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- *Correspondence: Gongpu Lan, ; Michael D. Twa,
| | - Qun Shi
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yicheng Wang
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Guoqin Ma
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Jing Cai
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Jinping Feng
- Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Yanping Huang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Innovation and Entrepreneurship Teams of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program, Weiren Meditech Co., Ltd., Foshan, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Boyu Gu
- School of Computer and Information Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin An
- Innovation and Entrepreneurship Teams of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program, Weiren Meditech Co., Ltd., Foshan, China
| | - Jingjiang Xu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Innovation and Entrepreneurship Teams of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program, Weiren Meditech Co., Ltd., Foshan, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Joint Laboratory, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Jia Qin
- Innovation and Entrepreneurship Teams of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program, Weiren Meditech Co., Ltd., Foshan, China
| | - Michael D. Twa
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Gongpu Lan, ; Michael D. Twa,
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Singh M, Zvietcovich F, Larin KV. Introduction to optical coherence elastography: tutorial. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2022; 39:418-430. [PMID: 35297425 PMCID: PMC10052825 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.444808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Optical coherence elastography (OCE) has seen rapid growth since its introduction in 1998. The past few decades have seen tremendous advancements in the development of OCE technology and a wide range of applications, including the first clinical applications. This tutorial introduces the basics of solid mechanics, which form the foundation of all elastography methods. We then describe how OCE measurements of tissue motion can be used to quantify tissue biomechanical parameters. We also detail various types of excitation methods, imaging systems, acquisition schemes, and data processing algorithms and how various parameters associated with each step of OCE imaging can affect the final quantitation of biomechanical properties. Finally, we discuss the future of OCE, its potential, and the next steps required for OCE to become an established medical imaging technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manmohan Singh
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Fernando Zvietcovich
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
- Department of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, San Miguel, Lima 15088, Peru
| | - Kirill V. Larin
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Kubelick KP, Mehrmohammadi M. Magnetic particles in motion: magneto-motive imaging and sensing. Theranostics 2022; 12:1783-1799. [PMID: 35198073 PMCID: PMC8825589 DOI: 10.7150/thno.54056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Superparamagnetic nanoparticles have become an important tool in biomedicine. Their biocompatibility, controllable small size, and magnetic properties allow manipulation with an external magnetic field for a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Recently, the magnetically-induced motion of superparamagnetic nanoparticles has been investigated as a new source of imaging contrast. In magneto-motive imaging, an external, time-varying magnetic field is applied to move a magnetically labeled subject, such as labeled cells or tissue. Several major imaging modalities such as ultrasound, photoacoustic imaging, optical coherence tomography, and laser speckle tracking can utilize magneto-motive contrast to monitor biological events at smaller scales with enhanced contrast and sensitivity. In this review article, an overview of magneto-motive imaging techniques is presented, including synthesis of superparamagnetic nanoparticles, fundamental principles of magneto-motive force and its utility to excite labeled tissue within a viscoelastic medium, current capabilities of magneto-motive imaging modalities, and a discussion of the challenges and future outlook in the magneto-motive imaging domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey P. Kubelick
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Georgia, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia, USA
| | - Mohammad Mehrmohammadi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Michigan, USA
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Michigan, USA
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Oeler KJ, Hill DB, Oldenburg AL. OCT particle tracking velocimetry of biofluids in a microparallel plate strain induction chamber. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-210174R. [PMID: 34528428 PMCID: PMC8441543 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.9.096005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Imaging biofluid flow under physiologic conditions aids in understanding disease processes and health complications. We present a method employing a microparallel plate strain induction chamber (MPPSIC) amenable to optical coherence tomography to track depth-resolved lateral displacement in fluids in real time while under constant and sinusoidal shear. AIM Our objective is to track biofluid motion under shearing conditions found in the respiratory epithelium, first validating methods in Newtonian fluids and subsequently assessing the capability of motion-tracking in bronchial mucus. APPROACH The motion of polystyrene microspheres in aqueous glycerol is tracked under constant and sinusoidal applied shear rates in the MPPSIC and is compared with theory. Then 1.5 wt. % bronchial mucus samples considered to be in a normal hydrated state are studied under sinusoidal shear rates of amplitudes 0.7 to 3.2 s - 1. RESULTS Newtonian fluids under low Reynolds conditions (Re ∼ 10 - 4) exhibit velocity decreases directly proportional to the distance from the plate driven at both constant and oscillating velocities, consistent with Navier-Stokes's first and second problems at finite depths. A 1.5 wt. % mucus sample also exhibits a uniform shear strain profile. CONCLUSIONS The MPPSIC provides a new capability for studying biofluids, such as mucus, to assess potentially non-linear or strain-rate-dependent properties in a regime that is relevant to the mucus layer in the lung epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey J. Oeler
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - David B. Hill
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Marsico Lung Institute, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Amy L. Oldenburg
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
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7
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Huang PC, Chaney EJ, Aksamitiene E, Barkalifa R, Spillman DR, Bogan BJ, Boppart SA. Biomechanical sensing of in vivo magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia-treated melanoma using magnetomotive optical coherence elastography. Theranostics 2021; 11:5620-5633. [PMID: 33897871 PMCID: PMC8058715 DOI: 10.7150/thno.55333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia (MH) therapy is capable of thermally damaging tumor cells, yet a biomechanically-sensitive monitoring method for the applied thermal dosage has not been established. Biomechanical changes to tissue are known indicators for tumor diagnosis due to its association with the structural organization and composition of tissues at the cellular and molecular level. Here, by exploiting the theranostic functionality of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), we aim to explore the potential of using stiffness-based metrics that reveal the intrinsic biophysical changes of in vivo melanoma tumors after MH therapy. Methods: A total of 14 melanoma-bearing mice were intratumorally injected with dextran-coated MNPs, enabling MH treatment upon the application of an alternating magnetic field (AMF) at 64.7 kHz. The presence of the MNP heating sources was detected by magnetomotive optical coherence tomography (MM-OCT). For the first time, the elasticity alterations of the hyperthermia-treated, MNP-laden, in vivo tumors were also measured with magnetomotive optical coherence elastography (MM-OCE), based on the mechanical resonant frequency detected. To investigate the correlation between stiffness changes and the intrinsic biological changes, histopathology was performed on the excised tumor after the in vivo measurements. Results: Distinct shifts in mechanical resonant frequency were observed only in the MH-treated group, suggesting a heat-induced stiffness change in the melanoma tumor. Moreover, tumor cellularity, protein conformation, and temperature rise all play a role in tumor stiffness changes after MH treatment. With low cellularity, tumor softens after MH even with low temperature elevation. In contrast, with high cellularity, tumor softening occurs only with a low temperature rise, which is potentially due to protein unfolding, whereas tumor stiffening was seen with a higher temperature rise, likely due to protein denaturation. Conclusions: This study exploits the theranostic functionality of MNPs and investigates the MH-induced stiffness change on in vivo melanoma-bearing mice with MM-OCT and MM-OCE for the first time. It was discovered that the elasticity alteration of the melanoma tumor after MH treatment depends on both thermal dosage and the morphological features of the tumor. In summary, changes in tissue-level elasticity can potentially be a physically and physiologically meaningful metric and integrative therapeutic marker for MH treatment, while MM-OCE can be a suitable dosimetry technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Chieh Huang
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Eric J. Chaney
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Edita Aksamitiene
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Ronit Barkalifa
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Darold R. Spillman
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Bethany J. Bogan
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Stephen A. Boppart
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
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8
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Huang PC, Iyer RR, Liu YZ, Boppart SA. Single-shot two-dimensional spectroscopic magnetomotive optical coherence elastography with graphics processing unit acceleration. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:4124-4127. [PMID: 32735239 PMCID: PMC7539266 DOI: 10.1364/ol.397900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Biomechanical contrast within tissues can be assessed based on the resonant frequency probed by spectroscopic magnetomotive optical coherence elastography (MM-OCE). However, to date, in vivo MM-OCE imaging has not been achieved, mainly due to the constraints on imaging speed. Previously, spatially-resolved spectroscopic contrast was achieved in a "multiple-excitation, multiple-acquisition" manner, where seconds of coil cooling time set between consecutive imaging frames lead to total acquisition times of tens of minutes. Here, we demonstrate an improved data acquisition speed by providing a single chirped force excitation prior to magnetomotion imaging with a BM-scan configuration. In addition, elastogram reconstruction was accelerated by exploiting the parallel computing capability of a graphics processing unit (GPU). The accelerated MM-OCE platform achieved data acquisition in 2.9 s and post-processing in 0.6 s for a 2048-frame BM-mode stack. In addition, the elasticity sensing functionality was validated on tissue-mimicking phantoms with high spatial resolution. For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, MM-OCE images were acquired from the skin of a living mouse, demonstrating its feasibility for in vivo imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Chieh Huang
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Rishyashring R. Iyer
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Yuan-Zhi Liu
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Stephen A. Boppart
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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9
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Lan G, Larin KV, Aglyamov S, Twa MD. Characterization of natural frequencies from nanoscale tissue oscillations using dynamic optical coherence elastography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:3301-3318. [PMID: 32637256 PMCID: PMC7316029 DOI: 10.1364/boe.391324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the use of OCT-based elastography for soft-tissue characterization using natural frequency oscillations. Sub-micrometer to sub-nanometer oscillations were induced in tissue phantoms and human cornea in vivo by perpendicular air-pulse stimulation and observed by common-path OCT imaging (sensitivity: 0.24 nm). Natural frequency and damping ratio were acquired in temporal and frequency domains using a single degree of freedom method. The dominant natural frequency was constant for different stimulation pressures (4-32 Pa) and measured distances (0.3-5.3 mm), and decreased as the sample thickness increased. The dominant natural frequencies of 0.75-2% agar phantoms were 127-774 Hz (mean coefficient of variation [CV]: 0.9%), and correlated with the square root of Young's moduli (16.5-117.8 kPa, mean CV: 5.8%). These preliminary studies show repeatable in vivo corneal natural frequency measurements (259 Hz, CV: 1.9%). This novel OCE approach can distinguish tissues and materials with different mechanical properties using the small-amplitude tissue oscillation features, and is suitable for characterizing delicate tissues in vivo such as the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongpu Lan
- Foshan University, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Optometry, Birmingham, AL 35290, USA
- University of Houston, College of Optometry, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Kirill V. Larin
- University of Houston, Biomedical Engineering, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Salavat Aglyamov
- University of Houston, Mechanical Engineering, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Michael D. Twa
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Optometry, Birmingham, AL 35290, USA
- University of Houston, College of Optometry, Houston, TX 77204, USA
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10
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Ma Z, Liu X, Yin B, Zhao Y, Liu J, Yu Y, Wang Y. Common-path-based device for magnetomotive OCT noise reduction. APPLIED OPTICS 2020; 59:1431-1437. [PMID: 32225400 DOI: 10.1364/ao.377118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Magnetomotive optical coherence tomography (MMOCT) is a promising imaging method for noninvasive three-dimensional tracking of magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) motions in target tissues or organs. The external B-field is the driving force that provides MMOCT contrast. However, B-field modulation also introduces modulation noise, thereby decreasing the quality of the MMOCT image. In this paper, a common-path-based device is designed for modulation noise reduction. The device is capable of adjusting interference distance, reference light intensity, and imaging position (X-Y translation). The sensitivity of the MMOCT is increased by ∼20 times with the new device. Using the proposed device, the distribution of MNPs injected in zebrafish was imaged.
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11
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Miyazawa A, Makita S, Li E, Yamazaki K, Kobayashi M, Sakai S, Yasuno Y. Polarization-sensitive optical coherence elastography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:5162-5181. [PMID: 31646039 PMCID: PMC6788587 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.005162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Polarization-sensitive optical coherence elastography (PS-OCE) is developed for improved tissue discrimination. It integrates Jones matrix-based PS-optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) with compression OCE. The method simultaneously measures the OCT intensity, attenuation coefficient, birefringence, and microstructural deformation (MSD) induced by tissue compression. Ex vivo porcine aorta and esophagus tissues were investigated by PS-OCE and histological imaging. The tissue properties measured by PS-OCE are shown as cross-sectional images and a three-dimensional (3-D) depth-trajectory plot. In this trajectory plot, the average attenuation coefficient, birefringence, and MSD were computed at each depth, and the trajectory in the depth direction was plotted in a 3-D feature space of these three properties. The tissue boundaries in a histological image corresponded with the depth-trajectory inflection points. Histogram analysis and t-distributed stochastic neighbour embedding (t-SNE) visualization of the three tissue properties indicated that the PS-OCE measurements provide sufficient information to discriminate porcine esophagus tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arata Miyazawa
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
| | - Shuichi Makita
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
| | - En Li
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamazaki
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, 5-3-28, Kotobukicho, Odawara, Kanagawa, 250-0002, Japan
| | - Masaki Kobayashi
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, 5-3-28, Kotobukicho, Odawara, Kanagawa, 250-0002, Japan
| | - Shingo Sakai
- Skin Care Product Research, Kao Corporation, 5-3-28, Kotobukicho, Odawara, Kanagawa, 250-0002, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Yasuno
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
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12
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Leartprapun N, Lin Y, Adie SG. Microrheological quantification of viscoelastic properties with photonic force optical coherence elastography. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:22615-22630. [PMID: 31510549 PMCID: PMC6825604 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.022615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Photonic force optical coherence elastography (PF-OCE) is a new approach for volumetric characterization of microscopic mechanical properties of three-dimensional viscoelastic medium. It is based on measurements of the complex mechanical response of embedded micro-beads to harmonically modulated radiation-pressure force from a weakly-focused beam. Here, we utilize the Generalized Stokes-Einstein relation to reconstruct local complex shear modulus in polyacrylamide gels by combining PF-OCE measurements of bead mechanical responses and experimentally measured depth-resolved radiation-pressure force profile of our forcing beam. Data exclusion criteria for quantitative PF-OCE based on three noise-related parameters were identified from the analysis of measurement noise at key processing steps. Shear storage modulus measured by quantitative PF-OCE was found to be in good agreement with standard shear rheometry, whereas shear loss modulus was in agreement with previously published atomic force microscopy results. The analysis and results presented here may serve to inform practical, application-specific implementations of PF-OCE, and establish the technique as a viable tool for quantitative mechanical microscopy.
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13
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Huang PC, Chaney EJ, Iyer RR, Spillman DR, Odintsov B, Sobh NA, Boppart SA. Interstitial magnetic thermotherapy dosimetry based on shear wave magnetomotive optical coherence elastography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:539-551. [PMID: 30800498 PMCID: PMC6377902 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.000539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
While magnetic thermoseeds are often utilized in interstitial magnetic thermotherapy (iMT) to enable localized tumor ablation, we propose to extend their use as the perturbative source in magnetomotive optical coherence elastography (MM-OCE) so that the heat-induced elasticity alterations can be 'theranostically' probed. MM-OCE measurements were found to agree with indentation results. Tissue stiffening was visualized on iMT-treated porcine liver and canine soft tissue sarcoma specimens, where histology confirmed thermal damages. Additionally, the elasticity was found to increase exponentially and linearly with the conventional thermal dosage metrics and the deposited thermal energy, respectively. Collectively, a physiologically-meaningful, MM-OCE-based iMT dosimetry is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Chieh Huang
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1406 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Eric J. Chaney
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Rishyashring R. Iyer
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 306 N Wright St, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Darold R. Spillman
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Boris Odintsov
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Nahil A. Sobh
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Stephen A. Boppart
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1406 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 306 N Wright St, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carle-Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 807 S Wright St, Champaign, Illinois 61820, USA
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14
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Liou HC, Sabba F, Packman AI, Wells G, Balogun O. Nondestructive characterization of soft materials and biofilms by measurement of guided elastic wave propagation using optical coherence elastography. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:575-586. [PMID: 30601536 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01902a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms are soft multicomponent biological materials composed of microbial communities attached to surfaces. Despite the crucial relevance of biofilms to diverse industrial, medical, and environmental applications, the mechanical properties of biofilms are understudied. Moreover, most of the available techniques for the characterization of biofilm mechanical properties are destructive. Here, we detail a model-based approach developed to characterize the viscoelastic properties of soft materials and bacterial biofilms based on experimental data obtained using the nondestructive dynamic optical coherence elastography (OCE) technique. The model predicted the frequency- and geometry-dependent propagation velocities of elastic waves in a soft viscoelastic plate supported by a rigid substratum. Our numerical calculations suggest that the dispersion curves of guided waves recorded in thin soft plates by the dynamic OCE technique are dominated by guided waves, whose phase velocities depend on the viscoelastic properties and plate thickness. The numerical model was validated against experimental measurements in agarose phantom samples with different thicknesses and concentrations. The model was then used to interpret guided wave dispersion curves obtained by the OCE technique in bacterial biofilms developed in a rotating annular reactor, which allowed the quantitative characterization of biofilm shear modulus and viscosity. This study is the first to employ measurements of elastic wave propagation to characterize biofilms, and it provides a novel framework combining a theoretical model and an experimental approach for studying the relationship between the biofilm internal physical structure and mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Cin Liou
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Fabrizio Sabba
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | - Aaron I Packman
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | - George Wells
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
| | - Oluwaseyi Balogun
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA and Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
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Marjanovic M, Nguyen FT, Ahmad A, Huang PC, Suslick KS, Boppart SA. Characterization of Magnetic Nanoparticle-Seeded Microspheres for Magnetomotive and Multimodal Imaging. IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS : A PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS SOCIETY 2019; 25:7101314. [PMID: 30880897 PMCID: PMC6413528 DOI: 10.1109/jstqe.2018.2856582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles have been developed as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and as therapeutic agents in magnetic hyperthermia. They have also recently been demonstrated as contrast and elastography agents in magnetomotive optical coherence tomography and elastography (MM-OCT and MM-OCE, respectively). Protein-shell microspheres containing suspensions of these magnetic nanoparticles in lipid cores, and with functionalized outer shells for specific targeting, have also been demonstrated as efficient contrast agents for imaging modalities such as MM-OCT and MRI, and can be easily modified for other modalities such as ultrasound, fluorescence, and luminescence imaging. By leveraging the benefits of these various imaging modalities with the use of only a single agent, a magnetic microsphere, it becomes possible to use a widefield imaging method (such as MRI or small animal fluorescence imaging) to initially locate the agent, and then use MM-OCT to obtain dynamic contrast images with cellular level morphological resolution. In addition to multimodal contrast-enhanced imaging, these microspheres could serve as drug carriers for targeted delivery under image guidance. Although the preparation and surface modifications of protein microspheres containing iron oxide nanoparticles has been previously described and feasibility studies conducted, many questions regarding their production and properties remain. Since the use of multifunctional microspheres could have high clinical relevance, here we report a detailed characterization of their properties and behavior in different environments to highlight their versatility. The work presented here is an effort for the development and optimization of nanoparticle-based microspheres as multi-modal contrast agents that can bridge imaging modalities on different size scales, especially for their use in MM-OCT and MRI imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Marjanovic
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Freddy T Nguyen
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. He is now with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139 USA
| | - Adeel Ahmad
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. He is now with Texas Instruments.
| | - Pin-Chieh Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Kenneth S Suslick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Stephen A Boppart
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Bioengineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA (phone: 217-244-7479; fax: 217-333-5833; )
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16
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Shen Y, Huang PC, Huang C, Sun P, Monroy GL, Wu W, Lin J, Espinosa-Marzal RM, Boppart SA, Liu WT, Nguyen TH. Effect of divalent ions and a polyphosphate on composition, structure, and stiffness of simulated drinking water biofilms. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2018; 4:15. [PMID: 30038792 PMCID: PMC6052100 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-018-0058-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The biofilm chemical and physical properties in engineered systems play an important role in governing pathogen transmission, fouling facilities, and corroding metal surfaces. Here, we investigated how simulated drinking water biofilm chemical composition, structure, and stiffness responded to the common scale control practice of adjusting divalent ions and adding polyphosphate. Magnetomotive optical coherence elastography (MM-OCE), a tool developed for diagnosing diseased tissues, was used to determine biofilm stiffness in this study. MM-OCE, together with atomic force microscopy (AFM), revealed that the biofilms developed from a drinking water source with high divalent ions were stiffer compared to biofilms developed either from the drinking water source with low divalent ions or the water containing a scale inhibitor (a polyphosphate). The higher stiffness of biofilms developed from the water containing high divalent ions was attributed to the high content of calcium carbonate, suggested by biofilm composition examination. In addition, by examining the biofilm structure using optical coherence tomography (OCT), the highest biofilm thickness was found for biofilms developed from the water containing the polyphosphate. Compared to the stiff biofilms developed from the water containing high divalent ions, the soft and thick biofilms developed from the water containing polyphosphate will be expected to have higher detachment under drinking water flow. This study suggested that water chemistry could be used to predict the biofilm properties and subsequently design the microbial safety control strategies. A variety of analytical techniques are revealing the complex influences of ions in drinking water supplies on the structure of biofilms. Such biofilms often contaminate water supply pipes and machinery. Yun Shen and colleagues at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in the USA investigated the effects of ions with a double positive charge – ‘divalent cations’ – and polyphosphate ions. Divalent cations, especially calcium and magnesium ions, are abundant in drinking water in many regions, promoting the formation of limescale deposits. Polyphosphates are commonly added to water supplies to reduce limescale formation, inhibit corrosion and discourage biofilm formation. The research revealed that divalent cations increase biofilm stiffness, while polyphosphates promote softer but thicker biofilms that are more easily removed. The results will help optimize water treatment procedures to control both microbial contamination and limescale problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Shen
- 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA.,4Present Address: University of Michigan, 1351 Beal Ave., 219 EWRE Bldg, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2125 USA
| | - Pin Chieh Huang
- 2Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA
| | - Conghui Huang
- 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA
| | - Peng Sun
- 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA
| | - Guillermo L Monroy
- 2Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA
| | - Wenjing Wu
- 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA
| | - Jie Lin
- 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA
| | - Rosa M Espinosa-Marzal
- 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA
| | - Stephen A Boppart
- 2Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA.,3Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA
| | - Wen-Tso Liu
- 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA
| | - Thanh H Nguyen
- 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA
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17
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Huang PC, Chaney EJ, Shelton RL, Boppart SA. Magnetomotive Displacement of the Tympanic Membrane Using Magnetic Nanoparticles: Toward Enhancement of Sound Perception. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2018; 65:2837-2846. [PMID: 29993404 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2018.2819649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A novel hearing-aid scheme using magnetomotive nanoparticles (MNPs) as transducers in the tympanic membrane (TM) is proposed, aiming to noninvasively and directly induce a modulated vibration on the TM. METHODS In this feasibility study, iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were applied on ex vivo rat TM tissues and allowed to diffuse over ∼2 h. Subsequently, magnetic force was exerted on the MNP-laden TM via a programmable electromagnetic solenoid to induce the magnetomotion. Optical coherence tomography (OCT), along with its phase-sensitive measurement capabilities, was utilized to visualize and quantify the nanometer-scale vibrations generated on the TM tissues. RESULTS The magnetomotive displacements induced on the TM were significantly greater than the baseline vibration of the TM without MNPs. In addition to a pure frequency tone, a chirped excitation and the corresponding spectroscopic response were also successfully generated and obtained. Finally, visualization of volumetric TM dynamics was achieved. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the effectiveness of magnetically inducing vibrations on TMs containing iron oxide nanoparticles, manipulating the amplitude and the frequency of the induced TM motions, and the capability of assessing the magnetomotive dynamics via OCT. SIGNIFICANCE The results demonstrated here suggest the potential use of this noninvasive magnetomotive approach in future hearing aid applications. OCT can be utilized to investigate the magnetomotive dynamics of the TM, which may either enhance sound perception or magnetically induce the perception of sound without the need for acoustic speech signals.
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18
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Wang S, Singh M, Tran TT, Leach J, Aglyamov SR, Larina IV, Martin JF, Larin KV. Biomechanical assessment of myocardial infarction using optical coherence elastography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 9:728-742. [PMID: 29552408 PMCID: PMC5854074 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.000728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) leads to cardiomyocyte loss, impaired cardiac function, and heart failure. Molecular genetic analyses of myocardium in mouse models of ischemic heart disease have provided great insight into the mechanisms of heart regeneration, which is promising for novel therapies after MI. Although biomechanical factors are considered an important aspect in cardiomyocyte proliferation, there are limited methods for mechanical assessment of the heart in the mouse MI model. This prevents further understanding the role of tissue biomechanics in cardiac regeneration. Here we report optical coherence elastography (OCE) of the mouse heart after MI. Surgical ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery was performed to induce an infarction in the heart. Two OCE methods with assessment of the direction-dependent elastic wave propagation and the spatially resolved displacement damping provide complementary analyses of the left ventricle. In comparison with sham, the infarcted heart features a fibrotic scar region with reduced elastic wave velocity, decreased natural frequency, and less mechanical anisotropy at the tissue level at the sixth week post-MI, suggesting lower and more isotropic stiffness. Our results indicate that OCE can be utilized for nondestructive biomechanical characterization of MI in the mouse model, which could serve as a useful tool in the study of heart repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Wang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Equal contribution
| | - Manmohan Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
- Equal contribution
| | - Thuy Tien Tran
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - John Leach
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Salavat R. Aglyamov
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, 4726 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Irina V. Larina
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - James F. Martin
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- The Texas Heart Institute, 6770 Bertner Avenue, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Kirill V. Larin
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biophotonics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia
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19
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Kirby MA, Pelivanov I, Song S, Ambrozinski Ł, Yoon SJ, Gao L, Li D, Shen TT, Wang RK, O’Donnell M. Optical coherence elastography in ophthalmology. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2017; 22:1-28. [PMID: 29275544 PMCID: PMC5745712 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.12.121720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Optical coherence elastography (OCE) can provide clinically valuable information based on local measurements of tissue stiffness. Improved light sources and scanning methods in optical coherence tomography (OCT) have led to rapid growth in systems for high-resolution, quantitative elastography using imaged displacements and strains within soft tissue to infer local mechanical properties. We describe in some detail the physical processes underlying tissue mechanical response based on static and dynamic displacement methods. Namely, the assumptions commonly used to interpret displacement and strain measurements in terms of tissue elasticity for static OCE and propagating wave modes in dynamic OCE are discussed with the ultimate focus on OCT system design for ophthalmic applications. Practical OCT motion-tracking methods used to map tissue elasticity are also presented to fully describe technical developments in OCE, particularly noting those focused on the anterior segment of the eye. Clinical issues and future directions are discussed in the hope that OCE techniques will rapidly move forward to translational studies and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell A. Kirby
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Ivan Pelivanov
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Shaozhen Song
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Łukasz Ambrozinski
- Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Soon Joon Yoon
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Liang Gao
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - David Li
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
- University of Washington, Department of Chemical Engineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Tueng T. Shen
- University of Washington, Department of Ophthalmology, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Ruikang K. Wang
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
- University of Washington, Department of Ophthalmology, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | - Matthew O’Donnell
- University of Washington, Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington, United States
- Address all correspondence to: Matthew O’Donnell, E-mail:
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20
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Singh M, Li J, Vantipalli S, Han Z, Larin KV, Twa MD. Optical coherence elastography for evaluating customized riboflavin/UV-A corneal collagen crosslinking. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2017; 22:91504. [PMID: 28055060 PMCID: PMC5995143 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.9.091504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
UV-induced collagen cross-linking is a promising treatment for keratoconus that stiffens corneal tissue and prevents further degeneration. Since keratoconus is generally localized, the efficacy of collagen cross-linking (CXL) treatments could be improved by stiffening only the weakened parts of the cornea. Here, we demonstrate that optical coherence elastography (OCE) can spatially resolve transverse variations in corneal stiffness. A short duration ( ? 1 ?? ms ) focused air-pulse induced low amplitude ( ? 10 ?? ? m ) deformations in the samples that were detected using a phase-stabilized optical coherence tomography system. A two-dimensional map of material stiffness was generated by measuring the damped natural frequency (DNF) of the air-pulse induced response at various transverse locations of a heterogeneous phantom mimicking a customized CXL treatment. After validation on the phantoms, similar OCE measurements were made on spatially selective CXL-treated in situ rabbit corneas. The results showed that this technique was able to clearly distinguish the untreated and CXL-treated regions of the cornea, where CXL increased the DNF of the cornea by ? 51 % . Due to the noncontact nature and minimal excitation force, this technique may be valuable for in vivo assessments of corneal biomechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manmohan Singh
- University of Houston, Biomedical Engineering, 3517 Cullen Boulevard, Room 2027, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Jiasong Li
- University of Houston, Biomedical Engineering, 3517 Cullen Boulevard, Room 2027, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Srilatha Vantipalli
- University of Houston, Department of Optometry, 4901 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Zhaolong Han
- University of Houston, Biomedical Engineering, 3517 Cullen Boulevard, Room 2027, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Kirill V. Larin
- University of Houston, Biomedical Engineering, 3517 Cullen Boulevard, Room 2027, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
- Baylor College of Medicine, Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
- Samara State Aerospace University, Electrical and Computer Engineering, 34, Moskovskoye shosse, Samara 443086, Russia
| | - Michael D. Twa
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Optometry, 1716 University Boulevard, Birmingham, Alabama 35233, United States
- Address all correspondence to: Michael D. Twa,
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Larin KV, Sampson DD. Optical coherence elastography - OCT at work in tissue biomechanics [Invited]. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:1172-1202. [PMID: 28271011 PMCID: PMC5330567 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.001172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Optical coherence elastography (OCE), as the use of OCT to perform elastography has come to be known, began in 1998, around ten years after the rest of the field of elastography - the use of imaging to deduce mechanical properties of tissues. After a slow start, the maturation of OCT technology in the early to mid 2000s has underpinned a recent acceleration in the field. With more than 20 papers published in 2015, and more than 25 in 2016, OCE is growing fast, but still small compared to the companion fields of cell mechanics research methods, and medical elastography. In this review, we describe the early developments in OCE, and the factors that led to the current acceleration. Much of our attention is on the key recent advances, with a strong emphasis on future prospects, which are exceptionally bright.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V Larin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd., Houston, Texas 77204-5060, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA;
| | - David D Sampson
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation & Analysis, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;
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Huang PC, Pande P, Ahmad A, Marjanovic M, Spillman DR, Odintsov B, Boppart SA. Magnetomotive Optical Coherence Elastography for Magnetic Hyperthermia Dosimetry Based on Dynamic Tissue Biomechanics. IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS : A PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS SOCIETY 2016; 22:6802816. [PMID: 28163565 PMCID: PMC5289667 DOI: 10.1109/jstqe.2015.2505147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been used in many diagnostic and therapeutic biomedical applications over the past few decades to enhance imaging contrast, steer drugs to targets, and treat tumors via hyperthermia. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an optical biomedical imaging modality that relies on the detection of backscattered light to generate high-resolution cross-sectional images of biological tissue. MNPs have been utilized as imaging contrast and perturbative mechanical agents in OCT in techniques called magnetomotive OCT (MM-OCT) and magnetomotive elastography (MM-OCE), respectively. MNPs have also been independently used for magnetic hyperthermia treatments, enabling therapeutic functions such as killing tumor cells. It is well known that the localized tissue heating during hyperthermia treatments result in a change in the biomechanical properties of the tissue. Therefore, we propose a novel dosimetric technique for hyperthermia treatment based on the viscoelasticity change detected by MM-OCE, further enabling the theranostic function of MNPs. In this paper, we first review the basic principles and applications of MM-OCT, MM-OCE, and magnetic hyperthermia, and present new preliminary results supporting the concept of MM-OCE-based hyperthermia dosimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Chieh Huang
- Biophotonics Imaging Laboratory, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and the Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA ( )
| | - Paritosh Pande
- Biophotonics Imaging Laboratory and the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA ( )
| | - Adeel Ahmad
- Biophotonics Imaging Laboratory and the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA ( )
| | - Marina Marjanovic
- Biophotonics Imaging Laboratory, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and the Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA ( )
| | - Darold R Spillman
- Biophotonics Imaging Laboratory and the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA ( )
| | - Boris Odintsov
- Biophotonics Imaging Laboratory and the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA ( )
| | - Stephen A Boppart
- Biophotonics Imaging Laboratory, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and the Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Bioengineering, and Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA (phone: 217-333-8598; fax: 217-333-5833; )
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Qiu Y, Wang Y, Xu Y, Chandra N, Haorah J, Hubbi B, Pfister BJ, Liu X. Quantitative optical coherence elastography based on fiber-optic probe for in situ measurement of tissue mechanical properties. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 7:688-700. [PMID: 26977372 PMCID: PMC4771481 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.000688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We developed a miniature quantitative optical coherence elastography (qOCE) instrument with an integrated Fabry-Perot force sensor, for in situ elasticity measurement of biological tissue. The technique has great potential for biomechanics modeling and clinical diagnosis. We designed the fiber-optic qOCE probe that was used to exert a compressive force to deform tissue at the tip of the probe. Using the space-division multiplexed optical coherence tomography (OCT) signal detected by a spectral domain OCT engine, we were able to quantify the probe deformation that was proportional to the force applied, and to quantify the tissue deformation corresponding to the external stimulus. Simultaneous measurement of force and displacement allowed us to extract Young's modulus of biological tissue. We experimentally calibrated our qOCE instrument, and validated its effectiveness on tissue mimicking phantoms and biological tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Yahui Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Yiqing Xu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hong Kong University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Namas Chandra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - James Haorah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Basil Hubbi
- Department of Radiology, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Bryan J. Pfister
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
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24
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Application of Elastography for the Noninvasive Assessment of Biomechanics in Engineered Biomaterials and Tissues. Ann Biomed Eng 2016; 44:705-24. [PMID: 26790865 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-015-1542-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The elastic properties of engineered biomaterials and tissues impact their post-implantation repair potential and structural integrity, and are critical to help regulate cell fate and gene expression. The measurement of properties (e.g., stiffness or shear modulus) can be attained using elastography, which exploits noninvasive imaging modalities to provide functional information of a material indicative of the regeneration state. In this review, we outline the current leading elastography methodologies available to characterize the properties of biomaterials and tissues suitable for repair and mechanobiology research. We describe methods utilizing magnetic resonance, ultrasound, and optical coherent elastography, highlighting their potential for longitudinal monitoring of implanted materials in vivo, in addition to spatiotemporal limits of each method for probing changes in cell-laden constructs. Micro-elastography methods now allow acquisitions at length scales approaching 5-100 μm in two and three dimensions. Many of the methods introduced in this review are therefore capable of longitudinal monitoring in biomaterials and tissues approaching the cellular scale. However, critical factors such as anisotropy, heterogeneity and viscoelasity-inherent in many soft tissues-are often not fully described and therefore require further advancements and future developments.
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25
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Kim J, Ahmad A, Li J, Marjanovic M, Chaney EJ, Suslick KS, Boppart SA. Intravascular magnetomotive optical coherence tomography of targeted early-stage atherosclerotic changes in ex vivo hyperlipidemic rabbit aortas. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2016; 9:109-16. [PMID: 25688525 PMCID: PMC4996077 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201400128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We report the development of an intravascular magnetomotive optical coherence tomography (IV-MM-OCT) system used with targeted protein microspheres to detect early-stage atherosclerotic fatty streaks/plaques. Magnetic microspheres (MSs) were injected in vivo in rabbits, and after 30 minutes of in vivo circulation, excised ex vivo rabbit aorta samples specimens were then imaged ex vivo with our prototype IV-MM-OCT system. The alternating magnetic field gradient was provided by a unique pair of external custom-built electromagnetic coils that modulated the targeted magnetic MSs. The results showed a statistically significant MM-OCT signal from the aorta samples specimens injected with targeted MSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongsik Kim
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, USA 61801
| | - Adeel Ahmad
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, USA 61801
| | - Joanne Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, USA 61801
| | - Marina Marjanovic
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, USA 61801
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, USA 61801
| | - Eric J. Chaney
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, USA 61801
| | - Kenneth S. Suslick
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, USA 61801
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, USA 61801
| | - Stephen A. Boppart
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, USA 61801
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, USA 61801
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, USA 61801
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, USA 61801
- Corresponding author: , Phone: +01 217 333 8598, Fax: +01 217 333 5833
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26
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Ahmad A, Huang PC, Sobh NA, Pande P, Kim J, Boppart SA. Mechanical contrast in spectroscopic magnetomotive optical coherence elastography. Phys Med Biol 2015; 60:6655-68. [PMID: 26271056 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/60/17/6655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The viscoelastic properties of tissues are altered during pathogenesis of numerous diseases and can therefore be a useful indicator of disease status and progression. Several elastography studies have utilized the mechanical frequency response and the resonance frequencies of tissue samples to characterize their mechanical properties. However, using the resonance frequency as a source of mechanical contrast in heterogeneous samples is complicated because it not only depends on the viscoelastic properties but also on the geometry and boundary conditions. In an elastography technique called magnetomotive optical coherence elastography (MM-OCE), the controlled movement of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) within the sample is used to obtain the mechanical properties. Previous demonstrations of MM-OCE have typically used point measurements in elastically homogeneous samples assuming a uniform concentration of MNPs. In this study, we evaluate the feasibility of generating MM-OCE elastograms in heterogeneous samples based on a spectroscopic approach which involves measuring the magnetomotive response at different excitation frequencies. Biological tissues and tissue-mimicking phantoms with two elastically distinct regions placed in side-by-side and bilayer configurations were used for the experiments, and finite element method simulations were used to validate the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeel Ahmad
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana IL 61801, USA. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 306 North Wright Street, Urbana IL 61801, USA
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27
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Wang Y, Shemonski ND, Adie SG, Boppart SA, Insana MF. Dynamic method of optical coherence elastography in determining viscoelasticity of polymers and tissues. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2015; 2013:117-20. [PMID: 24109638 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2013.6609451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we report on a novel quantitative elastography technique that combines optical coherence tomography (OCT) with acoustic radiation force (ARF) excitation to estimate the complex modulus. Sinusoidally modulated ARF excitations between 200 - 4000 Hz generate a surface wave at the tissue surface that can be related to bulk viscoelastic (VE) properties in a manner that is both precise and quantitative. This method is very well suited to studying media at high spatial resolution and over a very broad range of force frequencies. Mechanical characterization was calibrated using hydropolymers before studying liver samples. Fresh porcine liver samples were measured over time with and without formalin fixation. These data were used to evaluate the utility of the Kelvin-Voigt rheological model commonly used to fit dispersion data when estimating modulus values. We also investigated use of square-wave force excitation to measure the step response of tissues.
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28
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Kennedy BF, McLaughlin RA, Kennedy KM, Chin L, Wijesinghe P, Curatolo A, Tien A, Ronald M, Latham B, Saunders CM, Sampson DD. Investigation of Optical Coherence Microelastography as a Method to Visualize Cancers in Human Breast Tissue. Cancer Res 2015; 75:3236-45. [PMID: 26122840 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-3694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An accurate intraoperative identification of malignant tissue is a challenge in the surgical management of breast cancer. Imaging techniques that help address this challenge could contribute to more complete and accurate tumor excision, and thereby help reduce the current high reexcision rates without resorting to the removal of excess healthy tissue. Optical coherence microelastography (OCME) is a three-dimensional, high-resolution imaging technique that is sensitive to microscale variations of the mechanical properties of tissue. As the tumor modifies the mechanical properties of breast tissue, OCME has the potential to identify, on the microscale, involved regions of fresh, unstained tissue. OCME is based on the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to measure tissue deformation in response to applied mechanical compression. In this feasibility study on 58 ex vivo samples from patients undergoing mastectomy or wide local excision, we demonstrate the performance of OCME as a means to visualize tissue microarchitecture in benign and malignant human breast tissues. Through a comparison with corresponding histology and OCT images, OCME is shown to enable ready visualization of features such as ducts, lobules, microcysts, blood vessels, and arterioles and to identify invasive tumor through distinctive patterns in OCME images, often with enhanced contrast compared with OCT. These results lay the foundation for future intraoperative studies. Cancer Res; 75(16); 3236-45. ©2015 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan F Kennedy
- Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Robert A McLaughlin
- Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kelsey M Kennedy
- Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lixin Chin
- Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Philip Wijesinghe
- Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrea Curatolo
- Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alan Tien
- School of Surgery, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Maxine Ronald
- Breast Clinic, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Christobel M Saunders
- School of Surgery, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia. Breast Clinic, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - David D Sampson
- Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia. Centre for Microscopy, Characterization and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
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29
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Han Z, Li J, Singh M, Wu C, Liu CH, Wang S, Idugboe R, Raghunathan R, Sudheendran N, Aglyamov SR, Twa MD, Larin KV. Quantitative methods for reconstructing tissue biomechanical properties in optical coherence elastography: a comparison study. Phys Med Biol 2015; 60:3531-47. [PMID: 25860076 PMCID: PMC4409577 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/60/9/3531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We present a systematic analysis of the accuracy of five different methods for extracting the biomechanical properties of soft samples using optical coherence elastography (OCE). OCE is an emerging noninvasive technique, which allows assessment of biomechanical properties of tissues with micrometer spatial resolution. However, in order to accurately extract biomechanical properties from OCE measurements, application of a proper mechanical model is required. In this study, we utilize tissue-mimicking phantoms with controlled elastic properties and investigate the feasibilities of four available methods for reconstructing elasticity (Young's modulus) based on OCE measurements of an air-pulse induced elastic wave. The approaches are based on the shear wave equation (SWE), the surface wave equation (SuWE), Rayleigh-Lamb frequency equation (RLFE), and finite element method (FEM), Elasticity values were compared with uniaxial mechanical testing. The results show that the RLFE and the FEM are more robust in quantitatively assessing elasticity than the other simplified models. This study provides a foundation and reference for reconstructing the biomechanical properties of tissues from OCE data, which is important for the further development of noninvasive elastography methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolong Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Jiasong Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Manmohan Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Chen Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Chih-hao Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Shang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rita Idugboe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Raksha Raghunathan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Narendran Sudheendran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Salavat R. Aglyamov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton Street, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Michael D. Twa
- School of Optometry, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA
| | - Kirill V. Larin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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30
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Wang S, Larin KV. Optical coherence elastography for tissue characterization: a review. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2015; 8:279-302. [PMID: 25412100 PMCID: PMC4410708 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201400108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Optical coherence elastography (OCE) represents the frontier of optical elasticity imaging techniques and focuses on the micro-scale assessment of tissue biomechanics in 3D that is hard to achieve with traditional elastographic methods. Benefit from the advancement of optical coherence tomography, and driven by the increasing requirements in nondestructive biomechanical characterization, this emerging technique recently has experienced a rapid development. In this paper, we start with the description of the mechanical contrast that has been employed by OCE and review the state-of-the-art techniques based on the reported applications and discuss the current technical challenges, emphasizing the unique role of OCE in tissue mechanical characterization. The position of OCE among other elastography techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd., Houston, Texas, 77204-5060, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of medicine, one Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
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31
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Wang S, Larin KV. Optical coherence elastography for tissue characterization: a review. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2015. [PMID: 25412100 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.v8.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Optical coherence elastography (OCE) represents the frontier of optical elasticity imaging techniques and focuses on the micro-scale assessment of tissue biomechanics in 3D that is hard to achieve with traditional elastographic methods. Benefit from the advancement of optical coherence tomography, and driven by the increasing requirements in nondestructive biomechanical characterization, this emerging technique recently has experienced a rapid development. In this paper, we start with the description of the mechanical contrast that has been employed by OCE and review the state-of-the-art techniques based on the reported applications and discuss the current technical challenges, emphasizing the unique role of OCE in tissue mechanical characterization. The position of OCE among other elastography techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd., Houston, Texas, 77204-5060, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of medicine, one Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
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32
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Ahmad A, Kim J, Shemonski ND, Marjanovic M, Boppart SA. Volumetric full-range magnetomotive optical coherence tomography. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2014; 19:126001. [PMID: 25472770 PMCID: PMC4255196 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.19.12.126001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Magnetomotive optical coherence tomography (MM-OCT) can be utilized to spatially localize the presence of magnetic particles within tissues or organs. These magnetic particle-containing regions are detected by using the capability of OCT to measure small-scale displacements induced by the activation of an external electromagnet coil typically driven by a harmonic excitation signal. The constraints imposed by the scanning schemes employed and tissue viscoelastic properties limit the speed at which conventional MM-OCT data can be acquired. Realizing that electromagnet coils can be designed to exert MM force on relatively large tissue volumes (comparable or larger than typical OCT imaging fields of view), we show that an order-of-magnitude improvement in three-dimensional (3-D) MM-OCT imaging speed can be achieved by rapid acquisition of a volumetric scan during the activation of the coil. Furthermore, we show volumetric (3-D) MM-OCT imaging over a large imaging depth range by combining this volumetric scan scheme with full-range OCT. Results with tissue equivalent phantoms and a biological tissue are shown to demonstrate this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeel Ahmad
- University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jongsik Kim
- University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Nathan D. Shemonski
- University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Marina Marjanovic
- University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Stephen A. Boppart
- University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Department of Bioengineering, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Department of Internal Medicine, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Address all correspondence to: Stephen A. Boppart, E-mail:
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33
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Brezinski ME. Practical Challenges of Current Video Rate OCT Elastography: Accounting for Dynamic and Static Tissue Properties. JOURNAL OF LASERS, OPTICS & PHOTONICS 2014; 1:112. [PMID: 29286052 PMCID: PMC5743221 DOI: 10.4172/2469-410x.1000112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) elastography (OCTE) has the potential to be an important diagnostic tool for pathologies including coronary artery disease, osteoarthritis, malignancies, and even dental caries. Many groups have performed OCTE, including our own, using a wide range of approaches. However, we will demonstrate current OCTE approaches are not scalable to real-time, in vivo imaging. As will be discussed, among the most important reasons is current designs focus on the system and not the target. Specifically, tissue dynamic responses are not accounted, with examples being the tissue strain response time, preload variability, and conditioning variability. Tissue dynamic responses, and to a lesser degree static tissue properties, prevent accurate video rate modulus assessments for current embodiments. Accounting for them is the focus of this paper. A top-down approach will be presented to overcome these challenges to real time in vivo tissue characterization. Discussed first is an example clinical scenario where OTCE would be of substantial relevance, the prevention of acute myocardial infarction or heart attacks. Then the principles behind OCTE are examined. Next, constrains on in vivo application of current OCTE are evaluated, focusing on dynamic tissue responses. An example is the tissue strain response, where it takes about 20 msec after a stress is applied to reach plateau. This response delay is not an issue at slow acquisition rates, as most current OCTE approaches are preformed, but it is for video rate OCTE. Since at video rate each frame is only 30 msec, for essentially all current approaches this means the strain for a given stress is changing constantly during the B-scan. Therefore the modulus can't be accurately assessed. This serious issue is an even greater problem for pulsed techniques as it means the strain/modulus for a given stress (at a location) is unpredictably changing over a B-scan. The paper concludes by introducing a novel video rate approach to overcome these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Brezinski
- Center for Optics and Modern Physics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, M.A. 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, M.A. 02115, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, M.A. 02139, USA
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34
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Magnetomotive optical coherence tomography for the assessment of atherosclerotic lesions using αvβ3 integrin-targeted microspheres. Mol Imaging Biol 2014; 16:36-43. [PMID: 23907212 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-013-0671-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the early-stage fatty streaks/plaques detection using magnetomotive optical coherence tomography (MM-OCT) in conjunction with αvβ3 integrin-targeted magnetic microspheres (MSs). The targeting of functionalized MSs was investigated by perfusing ex vivo aortas from an atherosclerotic rabbit model in a custom-designed flow chamber at physiologically relevant pulsatile flow rates and pressures. PROCEDURES Aortas were extracted and placed in a flow chamber. Magnetic MS contrast agents were perfused through the aortas and MM-OCT, fluorescence confocal, and bright field microscopy were performed on the ex vivo aorta specimens for localizing the MSs. RESULTS The results showed a statistically significant and stronger MM-OCT signal (3.30 ± 1.73 dB) from the aorta segment perfused with targeted MSs, compared with the nontargeted MSs (1.18 ± 0.94 dB) and control (0.78 ± 0.41 dB) aortas. In addition, there was a good co-registration of MM-OCT signals with confocal microscopy. CONCLUSIONS Early-stage fatty streaks/plaques have been successfully detected using MM-OCT in conjunction with αvβ3 integrin-targeted magnetic MSs.
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Chin L, Curatolo A, Kennedy BF, Doyle BJ, Munro PRT, McLaughlin RA, Sampson DD. Analysis of image formation in optical coherence elastography using a multiphysics approach. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 5:2913-30. [PMID: 25401007 PMCID: PMC4230875 DOI: 10.1364/boe.5.002913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
IMAGE FORMATION IN OPTICAL COHERENCE ELASTOGRAPHY (OCE) RESULTS FROM A COMBINATION OF TWO PROCESSES: the mechanical deformation imparted to the sample and the detection of the resulting displacement using optical coherence tomography (OCT). We present a multiphysics model of these processes, validated by simulating strain elastograms acquired using phase-sensitive compression OCE, and demonstrating close correspondence with experimental results. Using the model, we present evidence that the approximation commonly used to infer sample displacement in phase-sensitive OCE is invalidated for smaller deformations than has been previously considered, significantly affecting the measurement precision, as quantified by the displacement sensitivity and the elastogram signal-to-noise ratio. We show how the precision of OCE is affected not only by OCT shot-noise, as is usually considered, but additionally by phase decorrelation due to the sample deformation. This multiphysics model provides a general framework that could be used to compare and contrast different OCE techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Chin
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Andrea Curatolo
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Brendan F. Kennedy
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Barry J. Doyle
- Vascular Engineering, Intelligent Systems for Medicine Laboratory, School of Mechanical & Chemical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter R. T. Munro
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation & Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Robert A. McLaughlin
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - David D. Sampson
- Optical + Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation & Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
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Shemonski ND, Ahmad A, Adie SG, Liu YZ, South FA, Carney PS, Boppart SA. Stability in computed optical interferometric tomography (Part II): in vivo stability assessment. OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 22:19314-26. [PMID: 25321016 PMCID: PMC4162366 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.019314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Stability is of utmost importance to a wide range of phase-sensitive processing techniques. In Doppler optical coherence tomography and optical coherence elastography, in addition to defocus and aberration correction techniques such as interferometric synthetic aperture microscopy and computational/digital adaptive optics, a precise understanding of the system and sample stability helps to guide the system design and choice of imaging parameters. This article focuses on methods to accurately and quantitatively measure the stability of an imaging configuration in vivo. These methods are capable of partially decoupling axial from transverse motion and are compared against the stability requirements for computed optical interferometric tomography laid out in the first part of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan D. Shemonski
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
USA
| | - Adeel Ahmad
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
USA
| | - Steven G. Adie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University,
USA
| | - Yuan-Zhi Liu
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
USA
| | - Fredrick A. South
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
USA
| | - P. Scott Carney
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
USA
| | - Stephen A. Boppart
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
USA
- Departments of Bioengineering and Internal Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,
USA
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Ahmad A, Kim J, Sobh NA, Shemonski ND, Boppart SA. Magnetomotive optical coherence elastography using magnetic particles to induce mechanical waves. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 5:2349-61. [PMID: 25071969 PMCID: PMC4102369 DOI: 10.1364/boe.5.002349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic particles are versatile imaging agents that have found wide spread applicability in diagnostic, therapeutic, and rheology applications. In this study, we demonstrate that mechanical waves generated by a localized inclusion of magnetic nanoparticles can be used for assessment of the tissue viscoelastic properties using magnetomotive optical coherence elastography. We show these capabilities in tissue mimicking elastic and viscoelastic phantoms and in biological tissues by measuring the shear wave speed under magnetomotive excitation. Furthermore, we demonstrate the extraction of the complex shear modulus by measuring the shear wave speed at different frequencies and fitting to a Kelvin-Voigt model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeel Ahmad
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801 USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1406 West Green St, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Jongsik Kim
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801 USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1406 West Green St, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Nahil A. Sobh
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801 USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 North Mathews Ave, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 West Green St, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Nathan D. Shemonski
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801 USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1406 West Green St, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Stephen A. Boppart
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801 USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1406 West Green St, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 West Springfield Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 506 South Mathews Ave, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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Crecea V, Graf BW, Kim T, Popescu G, Boppart SA. High Resolution Phase-Sensitive Magnetomotive Optical Coherence Microscopy for Tracking Magnetic Microbeads and Cellular Mechanics. IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS : A PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS SOCIETY 2014; 20:6800907. [PMID: 25400496 PMCID: PMC4228699 DOI: 10.1109/jstqe.2013.2280501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We present a real-time multimodal near-infrared imaging technology that tracks externally induced axial motion of magnetic microbeads in single cells in culture. The integrated multimodal imaging technique consists of phase-sensitive magnetomotive optical coherence microscopy (MM-OCM) and multiphoton microscopy (MPM).MPMis utilized for the visualization of multifunctional fluorescent and magnetic microbeads, while MM-OCM detects, with nanometer-scale sensitivity, periodic displacements of the microbeads induced by the modulation of an external magnetic field. Magnetomotive signals are measured from mouse macrophages, human breast primary ductal carcinoma cells, and human breast epithelial cells in culture, and validated with full-field phase-sensitive microscopy. This methodology demonstrates the capability for imaging controlled cell dynamics and has the potential for measuring cell biomechanical properties, which are important in assessing the health and pathological state of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasilica Crecea
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA ( )
| | - Benedikt W Graf
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. He is now with NinePoint Medical, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA ( )
| | - Taewoo Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA ( )
| | - Gabriel Popescu
- Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA ( )
| | - Stephen A Boppart
- Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Bioengineering, and Internal Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA ( )
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Kennedy BF, Malheiro FG, Chin L, Sampson DD. Three-dimensional optical coherence elastography by phase-sensitive comparison of C-scans. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2014; 19:076006. [PMID: 25003754 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.19.7.076006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We present an acquisition method for optical coherence elastography (OCE) that enables acquisition of three-dimensional elastograms in 5 s, an order of magnitude faster than previously reported. In this method, based on compression elastography, the mechanical load applied to the sample is altered between acquisitions of consecutive optical coherence tomography volume scans (C-scans). The voxel-by-voxel phase difference between the volumes is used to determine the axial displacement and determining the gradient of the axial displacement versus depth gives the local axial strain. We demonstrate sub-100-microstrain sensitivity and high contrast in elastograms, acquired in 5 s, of structured phantoms and freshly excised rat muscle tissue that are comparable in strain sensitivity and dynamic range to our previously reported B-scan-based method. The much higher acquisition speed may expedite the translation of OCE to clinical and in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan F Kennedy
- The University of Western Australia, School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Francisco Gomes Malheiro
- The University of Western Australia, School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Lixin Chin
- The University of Western Australia, School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - David D Sampson
- The University of Western Australia, School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, AustraliabThe University of Western Australia, Centre for Micr
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40
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Crecea V, Ahmad A, Boppart SA. Magnetomotive optical coherence elastography for microrheology of biological tissues. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2013; 18:121504. [PMID: 24145763 PMCID: PMC3800432 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.18.12.121504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Optical coherence elastography (OCE) is an established paradigm for measuring biomechanical properties of tissues and cells noninvasively, in real time, and with high resolution. We present a different development of a spectral domain OCE technique that enables simultaneous measurements of multiple biomechanical parameters of biological tissues. Our approach extends the capabilities of magnetomotive OCE (MM-OCE), which utilizes iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) distributed and embedded in the specimens as transducers for inducing motion. Step-wise application of an external magnetic field results in displacements in the tissue specimens that are deduced from sensitive phase measurements made with the MM-OCE system. We analyzed freshly excised rabbit lung and muscle tissues. We observe that while they present some similarities, rabbit lung and muscle tissue displacements display characteristic differentiating features. Both tissue types undergo a fast initial displacement followed by a rapidly damped oscillation and the onset of creep. However, the damping is faster in muscle compared to lung tissue, while the creep is steeper in muscle. This approach has the potential to become a novel way of performing real-time measurements of biomechanical properties of tissues and to enable the development of different diagnostic and monitoring tools in biology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasilica Crecea
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois 61801
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Adeel Ahmad
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois 61801
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Stephen A. Boppart
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois 61801
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Urbana, Illinois 61801
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Departments of Bioengineering and Internal Medicine, Urbana, Illinois 61801
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41
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Nadkarni SK. Optical measurement of arterial mechanical properties: from atherosclerotic plaque initiation to rupture. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2013; 18:121507. [PMID: 24296995 PMCID: PMC4696609 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.18.12.121507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
During the pathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis, from lesion initiation to rupture, arterial mechanical properties are altered by a number of cellular, molecular, and hemodynamic processes. There is growing recognition that mechanical factors may actively drive vascular cell signaling and regulate atherosclerosis disease progression. In advanced plaques, the mechanical properties of the atheroma influence stress distributions in the fibrous cap and mediate plaque rupture resulting in acute coronary events. This review paper explores current optical technologies that provide information on the mechanical properties of arterial tissue to advance our understanding of the mechanical factors involved in atherosclerosis development leading to plaque rupture. The optical approaches discussed include optical microrheology and traction force microscopy that probe the mechanical behavior of single cell and extracellular matrix components, and intravascular imaging modalities including laser speckle rheology, optical coherence elastography, and polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography to measure the mechanical properties of advanced coronary lesions. Given the wealth of information that these techniques can provide, optical imaging modalities are poised to play an increasingly significant role in elucidating the mechanical aspects of coronary atherosclerosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seemantini K. Nadkarni
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Address all correspondence to: Seemantini K. Nadkarni, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02114. Tel: (617)-724-1381; Fax: (617)-7264103; E-mail:
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42
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Kim J, Ahmad A, Boppart SA. Dual-coil magnetomotive optical coherence tomography for contrast enhancement in liquids. OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 21:7139-7147. [PMID: 23546097 PMCID: PMC3635698 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.007139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Magnetomotive optical coherence tomography (MM-OCT) is a functional extension of OCT which utilizes magnetically responsive materials that are modulated by an external magnetic field for contrast enhancement and for elastography to assess the structural and viscoelastic properties of the surrounding tissues. Traditionally, magnetomotive contrast relies on the interaction between the displacement of magnetic particles induced by an external magnetic field and the micro-environmental restoring (elastic) force acting on the particles. When the restoring force from a sample containing magnetic particles is weak or non-existent, the MM-OCT signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) can degrade significantly. We have developed a novel solenoid configuration to enable MM-OCT imaging in samples that do not have an elastic restoring force, such as liquids. This coil configuration may potentially enable real-time MM-OCT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongsik Kim
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801,
USA
| | - Adeel Ahmad
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801,
USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801,
USA
| | - Stephen A. Boppart
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801,
USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801,
USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Bioengineering, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801,
USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Internal Medicine, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801,
USA
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Wang S, Aglyamov S, Karpiouk A, Li J, Emelianov S, Manns F, Larin KV. Assessing the mechanical properties of tissue-mimicking phantoms at different depths as an approach to measure biomechanical gradient of crystalline lens. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 4:2769-80. [PMID: 24409379 PMCID: PMC3862146 DOI: 10.1364/boe.4.002769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the feasibility of using the dominant frequency of the sample surface response to a mechanical stimulation as an effective indicator for sensing the depthwise distribution of elastic properties in transparent layered phantom samples simulating the cortex and nucleus of the crystalline lens. Focused ultrasound waves are used to noninvasively interrogate the sample surface. A phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography system is utilized to capture the surface dynamics over time with nanometer scale sensitivity. Spectral analysis is performed on the sample surface response to ultrasound stimulation and the dominant frequency is calculated under particular loading parameters. Pilot experiments were conducted on homogeneous and layered tissue-mimicking phantoms. Results indicate that the mechanical layers located at different depths introduce different frequencies to the sample surface response, which are correlated with the depth-dependent elasticity of the sample. The duration and the frequency of the ultrasound excitation are also investigated for their influences on this spectrum-based detection. This noninvasive method may be potentially applied for localized and rapid assessment of the depth dependence of the mechanical properties of the crystalline lens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Salavat Aglyamov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton Street, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Andrei Karpiouk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton Street, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Jiasong Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Stanislav Emelianov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton Street, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Fabrice Manns
- Ophthalmic Biophysics Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1638 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
- Biomedical Optics and Laser Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami College of Engineering, 1251 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, USA
| | - Kirill V. Larin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77584, USA
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Pache C, Bocchio NL, Bouwens A, Villiger M, Berclaz C, Goulley J, Gibson MI, Santschi C, Lasser T. Fast three-dimensional imaging of gold nanoparticles in living cells with photothermal optical lock-in Optical Coherence Microscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 20:21385-99. [PMID: 23037262 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.021385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We introduce photothermal optical lock-in Optical Coherence Microscopy (poli-OCM), a volumetric imaging technique, which combines the depth sectioning of OCM with the high sensitivity of photothermal microscopy while maintaining the fast acquisition speed inherent to OCM. We report on the detection of single 40 nm gold particles with a 0.5 μm lateral and 2 μm axial resolution over a 50 μm depth of field and the three-dimensional localization of gold colloids within living cells. In combination with intrinsic sample contrast measured with dark-field OCM, poli-OCM offers a versatile platform for functional cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Pache
- Laboratoire d’Optique Biom´edicale, Ecole Polytechnique F´ed´erale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Lamouche G, Kennedy BF, Kennedy KM, Bisaillon CE, Curatolo A, Campbell G, Pazos V, Sampson DD. Review of tissue simulating phantoms with controllable optical, mechanical and structural properties for use in optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 3:1381-98. [PMID: 22741083 PMCID: PMC3370977 DOI: 10.1364/boe.3.001381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We review the development of phantoms for optical coherence tomography (OCT) designed to replicate the optical, mechanical and structural properties of a range of tissues. Such phantoms are a key requirement for the continued development of OCT techniques and applications. We focus on phantoms based on silicone, fibrin and poly(vinyl alcohol) cryogels (PVA-C), as we believe these materials hold the most promise for durable and accurate replication of tissue properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Lamouche
- National Research Council Canada, 75 de Mortagne, Boucherville, Québec, J4B6Y4, Canada
- These authors contributed equally to this paper
| | - Brendan F. Kennedy
- Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- These authors contributed equally to this paper
| | - Kelsey M. Kennedy
- Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | | | - Andrea Curatolo
- Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Gord Campbell
- National Research Council Canada, 75 de Mortagne, Boucherville, Québec, J4B6Y4, Canada
| | - Valérie Pazos
- National Research Council Canada, 75 de Mortagne, Boucherville, Québec, J4B6Y4, Canada
| | - David D. Sampson
- Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
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Hossain AA, Cho M, Lee S. Magnetic nanoparticle density mapping from the magnetically induced displacement data: a simulation study. Biomed Eng Online 2012; 11:11. [PMID: 22394477 PMCID: PMC3310781 DOI: 10.1186/1475-925x-11-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Magnetic nanoparticles are gaining great roles in biomedical applications as targeted drug delivery agents or targeted imaging contrast agents. In the magnetic nanoparticle applications, quantification of the nanoparticle density deposited in a specified region is of great importance for evaluating the delivery of the drugs or the contrast agents to the targeted tissues. We introduce a method for estimating the nanoparticle density from the displacement of tissues caused by the external magnetic field. Methods We can exert magnetic force to the magnetic nanoparticles residing in a living subject by applying magnetic gradient field to them. The nanoparticles under the external magnetic field then exert force to the nearby tissues causing displacement of the tissues. The displacement field induced by the nanoparticles under the external magnetic field is governed by the Navier's equation. We use an approximation method to get the inverse solution of the Navier's equation which represents the magnetic nanoparticle density map when the magnetic nanoparticles are mechanically coupled with the surrounding tissues. To produce the external magnetic field inside a living subject, we propose a coil configuration, the Helmholtz and Maxwell coil pair, that is capable of generating uniform magnetic gradient field. We have estimated the coil currents that can induce measurable displacement in soft tissues through finite element method (FEM) analysis. Results From the displacement data obtained from FEM analysis of a soft-tissue-mimicking phantom, we have calculated nanoparticle density maps. We obtained the magnetic nanoparticle density maps by approximating the Navier's equation to the Laplacian of the displacement field. The calculated density maps match well to the original density maps, but with some halo artifacts around the high density area. To induce measurable displacement in the living tissues with the proposed coil configuration, we need to apply the coil currents as big as 104A. Conclusions We can obtain magnetic nanoparticle maps from the magnetically induced displacement data by approximating the Navier's equation under the assumption of uniform-gradient of the external magnetic field. However, developing a coil driving system with the capacity of up to 104A should be a great technical challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abm Aowlad Hossain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Oldenburg AL, Spivak D, Wu G, Tsui F, Fischer TH. Optimizing magnetomotive contrast of SPIO-labeled platelets for thrombosis imaging in optical coherence tomography. PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE--THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2012; 8213:82131N. [PMID: 22506092 PMCID: PMC3324306 DOI: 10.1117/12.906837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Rehydratable, lyophilized platelets loaded with superparamagnetic iron oxides (SPIOs) has the potential to provide magnetomotive imaging contrast to sites of vascular damage, including thrombosis complicating atherosclerosis and hemorrhage. Magnetomotive optical coherence tomography (MMOCT) contrasts SPIO-platelets based on their nanoscale, magnetically-induced motion. We report improvements in MMOCT imaging contrast and sensitivity by optimizing the magnetic properties and SPIO loading of the platelets. SPIO-platelets have been shown to specifically adhere to sites of vascular damage in porcine arteries ex vivo. This may lead to new methods for detecting internal bleeding and monitoring the formation of blood clots using infused SPIO-platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Oldenburg
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Physics and Astronomy, CB 3255, Chapel Hill, NC, USA 27599-3255
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Li S, Mohan KD, Sanders WW, Oldenburg AL. Toward soft-tissue elastography using digital holography to monitor surface acoustic waves. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2011; 16:116005. [PMID: 22112110 DOI: 10.1117/1.3646211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Measuring the elasticity distribution inside the human body is of great interest because elastic abnormalities can serve as indicators of several diseases. We present a method for mapping elasticity inside soft tissues by imaging surface acoustic waves (SAWs) with digital holographic interferometry. With this method, we show that SAWs are consistent with Rayleigh waves, with velocities proportional to the square root of the elastic modulus greater than 2-40 kPa in homogeneous tissue phantoms. In two-layer phantoms, the SAW velocity transitions approximately from that of the lower layer to that of the upper layer as frequency is increased in agreement with the theoretical relationship between SAW dispersion and the depth-dependent stiffness profile. We also observed deformation in the propagation direction of SAWs above a stiff inclusion placed 8 mm below the surface. These findings demonstrate the potential for quantitative digital holography-based elastography of soft tissues as a noninvasive method for disease detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiguang Li
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
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Peterbauer-Scherb A, Danzer M, Gabriel C, van Griensven M, Redl H, Wolbank S. In vitro adipogenesis of adipose-derived stem cells in 3D fibrin matrix of low component concentration. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2011; 6:434-42. [DOI: 10.1002/term.446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Oldenburg AL, Wu G, Spivak D, Tsui F, Wolberg AS, Fischer TH. Imaging and Elastometry of Blood Clots Using Magnetomotive Optical Coherence Tomography and Labeled Platelets. IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS : A PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS SOCIETY 2011; 18:1100-1109. [PMID: 23833549 PMCID: PMC3700352 DOI: 10.1109/jstqe.2011.2162580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Improved methods for imaging and assessment of vascular defects are needed for directing treatment of cardiovascular pathologies. In this paper, we employ magnetomotive optical coherence tomography (MMOCT) as a platform both to detect and to measure the elasticity of blood clots. Detection is enabled through the use of rehydrated, lyophilized platelets loaded with superparamagnetic iron oxides (SPIO-RL platelets) that are functional infusion agents that adhere to sites of vascular endothelial damage. Evidence suggests that the sensitivity for detection is improved over threefold by magnetic interactions between SPIOs inside RL platelets. Using the same MMOCT system, we show how elastometry of simulated clots, using resonant acoustic spectroscopy, is correlated with the fibrin content of the clot. Both methods are based upon magnetic actuation and phase-sensitive optical monitoring of nanoscale displacements using MMOCT, underscoring its utility as a broad-based platform to detect and measure the molecular structure and composition of blood clots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L. Oldenburg
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3255 USA
| | - Gongting Wu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3255 USA
| | - Dmitry Spivak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3255 USA
| | - Frank Tsui
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3255 USA
| | - Alisa S. Wolberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7525 USA
| | - Thomas H. Fischer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7525 USA
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