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Yang X, Che T, Tian S, Zhang Y, Zheng Y, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Wu Z. A Living Microecological Hydrogel with Microbiota Remodeling and Immune Reinstatement for Diabetic Wound Healing. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2400856. [PMID: 38744431 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Dysregulated skin microbiota and compromised immune responses are the major etiological factors for non-healing diabetic wounds. Current antibacterial strategies fail to orchestrate immune responses and indiscriminately eradicate bacteria at the wound site, exacerbating the imbalance of microbiota. Drawing inspiration from the beneficial impacts that probiotics possess on microbiota, a living microecological hydrogel containing Lactobacillus plantarum and fructooligosaccharide (LP/FOS@Gel) is formulated to remodel dysregulated skin microbiota and reinstate compromised immune responses, cultivating a conducive environment for optimal wound healing. LP/FOS@Gel acts as an "evocator," skillfully integrating the skin microecology, promoting the proliferation of Lactobacillus, Ralstonia, Muribaculum, Bacillus, and Allobaculum, while eradicating colonized pathogenic bacteria. Concurrently, LP/FOS@Gel continuously generates lactic acid to elicit a reparative macrophage response and impede the activation of the nuclear factor kappa-B pathway, effectively alleviating inflammation. As an intelligent microecological system, LP/FOS@Gel reinstates the skin's sovereignty during the healing process and effectively orchestrates the harmonious dialogue between the host immune system and microorganisms, thereby fostering the healing of diabetic infectious wounds. These remarkable attributes render LP/FOS@Gel highly advantageous for pragmatic clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Tingting Che
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Shasha Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Yin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Jinan Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xinge Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhongming Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Jinan Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
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Nagano T, Watanabe C, Oyanagi E, Yano H, Nishiuchi T. Wet-type grinder-treated okara modulates gut microbiota composition and attenuates obesity in high-fat-fed mice. Food Res Int 2024; 182:114173. [PMID: 38519188 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Wet-type grinder (WG) is a nanofiber technology used to atomize dietary fiber-rich materials. WG-treated okara (WGO) exhibits high dispersion and viscosity similar to those of viscous soluble dietary fibers. Here, we studied the effect of WGO supplementation on obesity and gut microbiota composition in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. WGO intake suppressed body weight gain and fat accumulation, improved glucose tolerance, lowered cholesterol levels, and prevented HFD-induced decrease in muscle mass. WGO supplementation also led to cecum enlargement, lower pH, and higher butyrate production. The bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes (16S rDNA) were sequenced to determine the gut microbiota composition of the fecal samples. Sequencing of bacterial 16S rDNA revealed that WGO treatment increased the abundance of butyrate producer Ruminococcus and reduced the abundances of Rikenellaceae, Streptococcaceae, and Prevotellaceae, which are related to metabolic diseases. Metabolomics analysis of the plasma of WGO- and cellulose-treated mice were conducted using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Metabolic pathway analysis revealed that the primary bile acid biosynthesis pathway was significantly positively regulated by WGO intake instead of cellulose. These results demonstrate that WG is useful for improving functional properties of okara to prevent metabolic syndromes, including obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Nagano
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, 1-308 Suematsu, Nonoichi, Ishikawa 921-8836, Japan.
| | - Chihiro Watanabe
- Department of Health & Sports Science, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, 288 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0193, Japan
| | - Eri Oyanagi
- Department of Health & Sports Science, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, 288 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0193, Japan
| | - Hiromi Yano
- Department of Health & Sports Science, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, 288 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0193, Japan
| | - Takumi Nishiuchi
- Research Center for Experimental Modeling of Human Disease, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
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3
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Sohaib H, Fays M, Khatib A, Rivière J, El Aouad N, Desoignies N. Contribution to the characterization of the seed endophyte microbiome of Argania spinosa across geographical locations in Central Morocco using metagenomic approaches. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1310395. [PMID: 38601940 PMCID: PMC11005822 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1310395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial endophytes are microorganisms that live inside plants, and some of them play important yet understudied roles in plant health, growth, and adaptation to environmental conditions. Their diversity within plants has traditionally been underestimated due to the limitations of culture-dependent techniques. Metagenomic profiling provides a culture-independent approach to characterize entire microbial communities. The argan tree (Argania spinosa) is ecologically and economically important in Morocco, yet its seed endophyte microbiome remains unexplored. This study aimed to compare the bacterial and fungal endophyte communities associated with argan seeds collected from six sites across Morocco using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and ITS regions, respectively. Bacterial DNA was extracted from surface-sterilized seeds and amplified using universal primers, while fungal DNA was isolated directly from seeds. Bioinformatics analysis of sequencing data identified taxonomic profiles at the phylum to genus levels. The results indicated that bacterial communities were dominated by the genus Rhodoligotrophos, while fungal communities exhibited varying degrees of dominance between Ascomycota and Basidiomycota depending on site, with Penicillium being the most abundant overall. Distinct site-specific profiles were observed, with Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Aspergillus present across multiple locations. Alpha diversity indices revealed variation in endophyte richness between seed sources. In conclusion, this first exploration of the argan seed endophyte microbiome demonstrated environmental influence on community structure. While facing limitations due to small sample sizes and lack of ecological metadata, it provides a foundation for future mechanistic investigations into how specific endophyte-host interactions shape argan adaptation across Morocco's diverse landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hourfane Sohaib
- Laboratory of Life and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, University Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Morgan Fays
- Phytopathology, Microbial and Molecular Farming Lab, Centre D’Etudes et Recherche Appliquée-Haute Ecole Provinciale du Hainaut Condorcet, Ath, Belgium
| | - Abderrezzak Khatib
- Laboratory of Life and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, University Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - John Rivière
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Applied Biology, Haute Ecole Provinciale de Hainaut-Condorcet, Ath, Hainaut, Belgium
| | - Noureddine El Aouad
- Laboratory of Life and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, University Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Nicolas Desoignies
- Phytopathology, Microbial and Molecular Farming Lab, Centre D’Etudes et Recherche Appliquée-Haute Ecole Provinciale du Hainaut Condorcet, Ath, Belgium
- University of Liege - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA - Teaching and Research Center, Plant Sciences Axis, Gembloux, Belgium
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4
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Zafer MM, Mohamed GA, Ibrahim SRM, Ghosh S, Bornman C, Elfaky MA. Biofilm-mediated infections by multidrug-resistant microbes: a comprehensive exploration and forward perspectives. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:101. [PMID: 38353831 PMCID: PMC10867068 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03826-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
A biofilm is a collection of microorganisms organized in a matrix of extracellular polymeric material. Biofilms consist of microbial cells that attach to both surfaces and each other, whether they are living or non-living. These microbial biofilms can lead to hospital-acquired infections and are generally detrimental. They possess the ability to resist the human immune system and antibiotics. The National Institute of Health (NIH) states that biofilm formation is associated with 65% of all microbial illnesses and 80% of chronic illnesses. Additionally, non-device-related microbial biofilm infections include conditions like cystic fibrosis, otitis media, infective endocarditis, and chronic inflammatory disorders. This review aims to provide an overview of research on chronic infections caused by microbial biofilms, methods used for biofilm detection, recent approaches to combat biofilms, and future perspectives, including the development of innovative antimicrobial strategies such as antimicrobial peptides, bacteriophages, and agents that disrupt biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai M Zafer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Gamal A Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabrin R M Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Preparatory Year Program, Batterjee Medical College, 21442, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Soumya Ghosh
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Charné Bornman
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa
| | - Mahmoud A Elfaky
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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5
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Cavallo I, Sivori F, Mastrofrancesco A, Abril E, Pontone M, Di Domenico EG, Pimpinelli F. Bacterial Biofilm in Chronic Wounds and Possible Therapeutic Approaches. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:109. [PMID: 38392327 PMCID: PMC10886835 DOI: 10.3390/biology13020109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Wound repair and skin regeneration is a very complex orchestrated process that is generally composed of four phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Each phase involves the activation of different cells and the production of various cytokines, chemokines, and other inflammatory mediators affecting the immune response. The microbial skin composition plays an important role in wound healing. Indeed, skin commensals are essential in the maintenance of the epidermal barrier function, regulation of the host immune response, and protection from invading pathogenic microorganisms. Chronic wounds are common and are considered a major public health problem due to their difficult-to-treat features and their frequent association with challenging chronic infections. These infections can be very tough to manage due to the ability of some bacteria to produce multicellular structures encapsulated into a matrix called biofilms. The bacterial species contained in the biofilm are often different, as is their capability to influence the healing of chronic wounds. Biofilms are, in fact, often tolerant and resistant to antibiotics and antiseptics, leading to the failure of treatment. For these reasons, biofilms impede appropriate treatment and, consequently, prolong the wound healing period. Hence, there is an urgent necessity to deepen the knowledge of the pathophysiology of delayed wound healing and to develop more effective therapeutic approaches able to restore tissue damage. This work covers the wound-healing process and the pathogenesis of chronic wounds infected by biofilm-forming pathogens. An overview of the strategies to counteract biofilm formation or to destroy existing biofilms is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cavallo
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Sivori
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Mastrofrancesco
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Elva Abril
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Pontone
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Enea Gino Di Domenico
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Fulvia Pimpinelli
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCSS, 00144 Rome, Italy
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Jokar J, Abdulabbas HT, Javanmardi K, Mobasher MA, Jafari S, Ghasemian A, Rahimian N, Zarenezhad A, ُSoltani Hekmat A. Enhancement of bactericidal effects of bacteriophage and gentamicin combination regimen against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains in a mice diabetic wound model. Virus Genes 2024; 60:80-96. [PMID: 38079060 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-023-02037-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic patients are more susceptible to developing wound infections resulting in poor and delayed wound healing. Bacteriophages, the viruses that target-specific bacteria, can be used as an alternative to antibiotics to eliminate drug-resistant bacterial infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) are among the most frequently identified pathogens in diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). The aim of this study was assessment of bacteriophage and gentamicin combination effects on bacterial isolates from DFU infections. Specific bacteriophages were collected from sewage and animal feces samples and the phages were enriched using S. aureus and P. aeruginosa cultures. The lytic potential of phage isolates was assessed by the clarity of plaques. We isolated and characterized four lytic phages: Stp2, Psp1, Stp1, and Psp2. The phage cocktail was optimized and investigated in vitro. We also assessed the effects of topical bacteriophage cocktail gel on animal models of DFU. Results revealed that the phage cocktail significantly reduced the mortality rate in diabetic infected mice. We determined that treatment with bacteriophage cocktail effectively decreased bacterial colony counts and improved wound healing in S. aureus and P. aeruginosa infections, especially when administrated concomitantly with gentamicin. The application of complementary therapy using a phage cocktail and gentamicin, could offer an attractive approach for the treatment of wound diabetic bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Jokar
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Science, Fasa, Iran
| | - Hussein T Abdulabbas
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical College, Al Muthanna University, Samawah, Al Muthann, Iraq
| | - Kazem Javanmardi
- Department of Physiology, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mobasher
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Shima Jafari
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Abdolmajid Ghasemian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Niloofar Rahimian
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Ali Zarenezhad
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
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7
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Sande C, Boston ZJ, Kalan LR, Brennan MB. Next Steps: Studying Diabetic Foot Infections with Next-Generation Molecular Assays. Curr Infect Dis Rep 2023; 25:323-330. [PMID: 39055239 PMCID: PMC11270620 DOI: 10.1007/s11908-023-00822-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Purpose of Review In 2019, the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot voiced six concerns regarding the use of molecular microbiology techniques for routine diagnosis of infection complicating diabetic foot ulcers. The purpose of this review is to evaluate contemporary evidence addressing each of these concerns and describe promising avenues for continued development of molecular microbiology assays. Recent Findings Since 2019, the feasibility of conducting metagenomic and metatranscriptomic studies on diabetic foot ulcer samples has been shown. However, these preliminary studies used small samples with concerns for selection bias. We await larger-scale, longitudinal studies, potentially using the recently formed Diabetic Foot Consortium, to identify microbiome profiles associated with infection and patient outcomes. How these results would translate into a clinical diagnostic requires further clarification. Summary High-throughput molecular microbiology techniques are not yet ready for clinical adoption as first-line diagnostics. However, moving from amplicon sequencing to metagenomic and metatranscriptomic studies has the potential to significantly accelerate development of assays that might meaningfully impact patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Sande
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Health Sciences Centre, McMaster University, Room 4H41, 1200 Main St West, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Zoë J. Boston
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, 1685 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53583, USA
| | - Lindsay R. Kalan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Health Sciences Centre, McMaster University, Room 4H41, 1200 Main St West, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Meghan B. Brennan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, 1685 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53583, USA
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Korobeinikova AV, Zlobovskaya OA, Sheptulina AF, Ashniev GA, Bobrova MM, Yafarova AA, Akasheva DU, Kabieva SS, Bakoev SY, Zagaynova AV, Lukashina MV, Abramov IA, Pokrovskaya MS, Doludin YV, Tolkacheva LR, Kurnosov AS, Zyatenkova EV, Lavrenova EA, Efimova IA, Glazunova EV, Kiselev AR, Shipulin GA, Kontsevaya AV, Keskinov AA, Yudin VS, Makarov VV, Drapkina OM, Yudin SM. Gut Microbiota Patterns in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Comprehensive Assessment Using Three Analysis Methods. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15272. [PMID: 37894951 PMCID: PMC10607775 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, affecting nearly 25% of the global adult population. Increasing evidence suggests that functional and compositional changes in the gut microbiota may contribute to the development and promote the progression of NAFLD. 16S rRNA gene next-generation sequencing is widely used to determine specific features of the NAFLD microbiome, but a complex system such as the gut microbiota requires a comprehensive approach. We used three different approaches: MALDI-TOF-MS of bacterial cultures, qPCR, and 16S NGS sequencing, as well as a wide variety of statistical methods to assess the differences in gut microbiota composition between NAFLD patients without significant fibrosis and the control group. The listed methods showed enrichment in Collinsella sp. and Oscillospiraceae for the control samples and enrichment in Lachnospiraceae (and in particular Dorea sp.) and Veillonellaceae in NAFLD. The families, Bifidobacteriaceae, Lactobacillaceae, and Enterococcaceae (particularly Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis), were also found to be important taxa for NAFLD microbiome evaluation. Considering individual method observations, an increase in Candida krusei and a decrease in Bacteroides uniformis for NAFLD patients were detected using MALDI-TOF-MS. An increase in Gracilibacteraceae, Chitinophagaceae, Pirellulaceae, Erysipelatoclostridiaceae, Muribaculaceae, and Comamonadaceae, and a decrease in Acidaminococcaceae in NAFLD were observed with 16S NGS, and enrichment in Fusobacterium nucleatum was shown using qPCR analysis. These findings confirm that NAFLD is associated with changes in gut microbiota composition. Further investigations are required to determine the cause-and-effect relationships and the impact of microbiota-derived compounds on the development and progression of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna V. Korobeinikova
- Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10/1, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (S.S.K.); (S.Y.B.); (M.V.L.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Olga A. Zlobovskaya
- Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10/1, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (S.S.K.); (S.Y.B.); (M.V.L.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Anna F. Sheptulina
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Petroverigskyj Lane 10, bld.3, 101990 Moscow, Russia; (A.F.S.); (A.A.Y.); (D.U.A.)
| | - German A. Ashniev
- Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10/1, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (S.S.K.); (S.Y.B.); (M.V.L.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Maria M. Bobrova
- Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10/1, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (S.S.K.); (S.Y.B.); (M.V.L.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Adel A. Yafarova
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Petroverigskyj Lane 10, bld.3, 101990 Moscow, Russia; (A.F.S.); (A.A.Y.); (D.U.A.)
| | - Dariga U. Akasheva
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Petroverigskyj Lane 10, bld.3, 101990 Moscow, Russia; (A.F.S.); (A.A.Y.); (D.U.A.)
| | - Shuanat Sh. Kabieva
- Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10/1, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (S.S.K.); (S.Y.B.); (M.V.L.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Siroj Yu. Bakoev
- Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10/1, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (S.S.K.); (S.Y.B.); (M.V.L.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Anjelica V. Zagaynova
- Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10/1, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (S.S.K.); (S.Y.B.); (M.V.L.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Maria V. Lukashina
- Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10/1, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (S.S.K.); (S.Y.B.); (M.V.L.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Ivan A. Abramov
- Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10/1, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (S.S.K.); (S.Y.B.); (M.V.L.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Mariya S. Pokrovskaya
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Petroverigskyj Lane 10, bld.3, 101990 Moscow, Russia; (A.F.S.); (A.A.Y.); (D.U.A.)
| | - Yurii V. Doludin
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Petroverigskyj Lane 10, bld.3, 101990 Moscow, Russia; (A.F.S.); (A.A.Y.); (D.U.A.)
| | - Larisa R. Tolkacheva
- Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10/1, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (S.S.K.); (S.Y.B.); (M.V.L.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Alexander S. Kurnosov
- Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10/1, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (S.S.K.); (S.Y.B.); (M.V.L.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Elena V. Zyatenkova
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Petroverigskyj Lane 10, bld.3, 101990 Moscow, Russia; (A.F.S.); (A.A.Y.); (D.U.A.)
| | - Evgeniya A. Lavrenova
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Petroverigskyj Lane 10, bld.3, 101990 Moscow, Russia; (A.F.S.); (A.A.Y.); (D.U.A.)
| | - Irina A. Efimova
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Petroverigskyj Lane 10, bld.3, 101990 Moscow, Russia; (A.F.S.); (A.A.Y.); (D.U.A.)
| | - Evgeniya V. Glazunova
- Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10/1, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (S.S.K.); (S.Y.B.); (M.V.L.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Anton R. Kiselev
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Petroverigskyj Lane 10, bld.3, 101990 Moscow, Russia; (A.F.S.); (A.A.Y.); (D.U.A.)
| | - German A. Shipulin
- Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10/1, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (S.S.K.); (S.Y.B.); (M.V.L.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Anna V. Kontsevaya
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Petroverigskyj Lane 10, bld.3, 101990 Moscow, Russia; (A.F.S.); (A.A.Y.); (D.U.A.)
| | - Anton A. Keskinov
- Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10/1, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (S.S.K.); (S.Y.B.); (M.V.L.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Vladimir S. Yudin
- Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10/1, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (S.S.K.); (S.Y.B.); (M.V.L.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Valentin V. Makarov
- Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10/1, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (S.S.K.); (S.Y.B.); (M.V.L.); (A.S.K.)
| | - Oxana M. Drapkina
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Petroverigskyj Lane 10, bld.3, 101990 Moscow, Russia; (A.F.S.); (A.A.Y.); (D.U.A.)
| | - Sergey M. Yudin
- Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Pogodinskaya Str., 10/1, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.K.); (S.S.K.); (S.Y.B.); (M.V.L.); (A.S.K.)
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Złoch M, Maślak E, Kupczyk W, Pomastowski P. Multi-Instrumental Analysis Toward Exploring the Diabetic Foot Infection Microbiota. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:271. [PMID: 37405539 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03384-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
The polymicrobial nature of diabetic foot infection (DFI) makes accurate identification of the DFI microbiota, including rapid detection of drug resistance, challenging. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to apply matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF MS) technique accompanied by multiply culture conditions to determine the microbial patterns of DFIs, as well as to assess the occurrence of drug resistance among Gram-negative bacterial isolates considered a significant cause of the multidrug resistance spread. Furthermore, the results were compared with those obtained using molecular techniques (16S rDNA sequencing, multiplex PCR targeting drug resistance genes) and conventional antibiotic resistance detection methods (Etest strips). The applied MALDI-based method revealed that, by far, most of the infections were polymicrobial (97%) and involved many Gram-positive and -negative bacterial species-19 genera and 16 families in total, mostly Enterobacteriaceae (24.3%), Staphylococcaceae (20.7%), and Enterococcaceae (19.8%). MALDI drug-resistance assay was characterized by higher rate of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemases producers compared to the reference methods (respectively 31% and 10% compared to 21% and 2%) and revealed that both the incidence of drug resistance and the species composition of DFI were dependent on the antibiotic therapy used. MALDI approach included antibiotic resistance assay and multiply culture conditions provides microbial identification at the level of DNA sequencing, allow isolation of both common (eg. Enterococcus faecalis) and rare (such as Myroides odoratimimus) bacterial species, and is effective in detecting antibiotic-resistance, especially those of particular interest-ESBLs and carbapenemases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Złoch
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4 Str, 87-100, Toruń, Poland.
- Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7 Str, 87-100, Toruń, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Maślak
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4 Str, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
| | - Wojciech Kupczyk
- Department of General, Gastroenterological and Oncological Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100, Torun, Poland
| | - Paweł Pomastowski
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4 Str, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
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10
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Balogun FO, Abdulsalam RA, Ojo AO, Cason E, Sabiu S. Chemical Characterization and Metagenomic Identification of Endophytic Microbiome from South African Sunflower ( Helianthus annus) Seeds. Microorganisms 2023; 11:988. [PMID: 37110411 PMCID: PMC10146784 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Helianthus annus (sunflower) is a globally important oilseed crop whose survival is threatened by various pathogenic diseases. Agrochemical products are used to eradicate these diseases; however, due to their unfriendly environmental consequences, characterizing microorganisms for exploration as biocontrol agents are considered better alternatives against the use of synthetic chemicals. The study assessed the oil contents of 20 sunflower seed cultivars using FAMEs-chromatography and characterized the endophytic fungi and bacteria microbiome using Illumina sequencing of fungi ITS 1 and bacteria 16S (V3-V4) regions of the rRNA operon. The oil contents ranged between 41-52.8%, and 23 fatty acid components (in varied amounts) were found in all the cultivars, with linoleic (53%) and oleic (28%) acids as the most abundant. Ascomycota (fungi) and Proteobacteria (bacteria) dominated the cultivars at the phyla level, while Alternaria and Bacillus at the genus level in varying abundance. AGSUN 5102 and AGSUN 5101 (AGSUN 5270 for bacteria) had the highest fungi diversity structure, which may have been contributed by the high relative abundance of linoleic acid in the fatty acid components. Dominant fungi genera such as Alternaria, Aspergillus, Aureobasidium, Alternariaste, Cladosporium, Penicillium, and bacteria including Bacillus, Staphylococcus, and Lactobacillus are established, providing insight into the fungi and bacteria community structures from the seeds of South Africa sunflower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatai Oladunni Balogun
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4000, South Africa; (F.O.B.); (R.A.A.)
| | - Rukayat Abiola Abdulsalam
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4000, South Africa; (F.O.B.); (R.A.A.)
| | - Abidemi Oluranti Ojo
- Centre for Applied Food Sustainability and Biotechnology, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Errol Cason
- Department of Animal Science, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa;
| | - Saheed Sabiu
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4000, South Africa; (F.O.B.); (R.A.A.)
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11
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Deng Q, Wang W, Zhang L, Chen L, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, He S, Li J. Gougunao tea polysaccharides ameliorate high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia and modulate gut microbiota. Food Funct 2023; 14:703-719. [PMID: 36511170 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01828d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Many natural polysaccharides have been proven to have ameliorative effects on high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia with fewer side effects. However, similar data on Gougunao tea polysaccharides remain obscure. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of Gougunao tea polysaccharides (GTP40) in the alleviation of hyperlipidemia and regulation of gut microbiota in C57BL/6J mice induced by a high-fat diet. The results indicated that GTP40 intervention inhibited the abnormal growth of body weight and the excessive accumulation of lipid droplets in the livers and ameliorated the biochemical parameters of serum/liver related to lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia mice. The elevated levels of antioxidant enzyme and anti-inflammation cytokine in serum, as well as the up-regulating anti-inflammation gene in the liver, reflected that GTP40 might mitigate the oxidative and inflammatory stress induced by a high-fat diet. In addition, GTP40 could modulate the composition, abundance, and diversity of gut microbiota in hyperlipidemia mice. Besides, Spearman's correlation analysis implied that GTP40 intervention could enrich beneficial bacteria (e.g., Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Roseburia, and Alistipes), and decrease harmful bacteria (e.g., Blautia, Faecalibaculum, Streptococcus, and norank_f_Desulfovibrionaceae), which were correlated with the lipid metabolic parameters associated with hyperlipidemia. Moreover, it also indicated that there was a significant correlation between gut microbiota and SCFAs. Thus, GTP40 may be a novel strategy against fat accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation, as well as restoring the normal microbial balance of the gut in hyperlipidemia mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihuan Deng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Wenjun Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Lieyuan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China. .,Technical Center of Nanchang Customs, Nanchang 330038, China
| | - Lingli Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Qingfeng Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Sichen He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
| | - Jingen Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
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12
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Park S, Jung D, Altshuler I, Kurban D, Dufour S, Ronholm J. A longitudinal census of the bacterial community in raw milk correlated with Staphylococcus aureus clinical mastitis infections in dairy cattle. Anim Microbiome 2022; 4:59. [PMID: 36434660 PMCID: PMC9701008 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-022-00211-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of clinical mastitis (CM) in dairy cattle. Optimizing the bovine mammary gland microbiota to resist S. aureus colonization is a growing area of research. However, the details of the interbacterial interactions between S. aureus and commensal bacteria, which would be required to manipulate the microbiome to resist infection, are still unknown. This study aims to characterize changes in the bovine milk bacterial community before, during, and after S. aureus CM and to compare bacterial communities present in milk between infected and healthy quarters. METHODS We collected quarter-level milk samples from 698 Holstein dairy cows over an entire lactation. A total of 11 quarters from 10 cows were affected by S. aureus CM and milk samples from these 10 cows (n = 583) regardless of health status were analyzed by performing 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. RESULTS The milk microbiota of healthy quarters was distinguishable from that of S. aureus CM quarters two weeks before CM diagnosis via visual inspection. Microbial network analysis showed that 11 OTUs had negative associations with OTU0001 (Staphylococcus). A low diversity or dysbiotic milk microbiome did not necessarily correlate with increased inflammation. Specifically, Staphylococcus xylosus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Aerococcus urinaeequi were each abundant in milk from the quarters with low levels of inflammation. CONCLUSION Our results show that the udder microbiome is highly dynamic, yet a change in the abundance in certain bacteria can be a potential indicator of future S. aureus CM. This study has identified potential prophylactic bacterial species that could act as a barrier against S. aureus colonization and prevent future instances of S. aureus CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoun Park
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Mastitis Network, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
- Regroupement FRQNT Op+Lait, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Dongyun Jung
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Mastitis Network, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
- Regroupement FRQNT Op+Lait, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Ianina Altshuler
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Daryna Kurban
- Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
- Mastitis Network, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
- Regroupement FRQNT Op+Lait, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Simon Dufour
- Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
- Mastitis Network, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
- Regroupement FRQNT Op+Lait, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - Jennifer Ronholm
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Mastitis Network, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
- Regroupement FRQNT Op+Lait, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
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Sodium Butyrate Attenuated Diabetes-Induced Intestinal Inflammation by Modulating Gut Microbiota. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4646245. [PMID: 36045662 PMCID: PMC9423962 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4646245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to be one of the world's most costly and complex metabolic disorders. Accumulating evidence has shown that intestinal dysbiosis and associated inflammation can facilitate the onset and progression of DM. In this work, our goal was to investigate how sodium butyrate (SB) controls the gut microbiota to reduce the intestinal inflammation brought on by diabetes. Methods Male KK-Ay mice were randomized into two groups: the DM model group (intragastric administration of 0.9% normal saline) and the SB treatment group (intragastric administration of 1,000 mg/kg/d SB). The C57BL/6J mice were used as the control group (intragastric administration of 0.9% normal saline). These mice were administered via gavage for 8 weeks. Results The results revealed that SB-treated mice significantly reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG), body weight, 24 h food and water intake, and improved islet histopathology in DM model mice. SB reduced TNF-α, IL-1β, and iNOS, whereas it enhanced the expression of the anti-inflammatory Arg-1 marker on intestinal macrophages and the secretion of anti-inflammatory IL-10. Specifically, SB was linked to a marked drop in the expression of the Th17 marker RORγt and a substantial increase in the expression of the Treg marker Foxp3. SB treatment was associated with significant reductions in the levels of Th17-derived cytokines such as IL-17 and IL-6, whereas anti-inflammatory Treg-derived cytokines such as TGF-β were increased. Additionally, the analysis results from 16S rDNA sequencing suggested that SB significantly reversed the variations in intestinal flora distribution and decreased the relative abundance of Weissella confusa and Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241 at the species level as well as Leuconostocaceae, Streptococcaceae, and Christensenellaceae at the family, genus, and species levels. These distinct florae may serve as a diagnostic biomarker for DM-induced intestinal inflammation. In addition, the heat map of phylum and OTU level revealed a close relationship between DM-induced intestinal inflammation and intestinal microbiota. Conclusions The present study suggested that SB may reduce DM-induced intestinal inflammation by regulating the gut microbiota.
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Pinnell LJ, Whitlow CW, Huebner KL, Bryant TC, Martin J, Belk KE, Morley PS. Not All Liver Abscesses Are Created Equal: The Impact of Tylosin and Antibiotic Alternatives on Bovine Liver Abscess Microbial Communities and a First Look at Bacteroidetes-Dominated Communities. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:882419. [PMID: 35572696 PMCID: PMC9094069 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.882419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver abscesses (LAs) are extremely prevalent in cattle and result in significant economic losses due to liver condemnation, decreased growth and production, and lower carcass quality. LAs are commonly attributed to the transition to diets high in rapidly fermentable starch which results in rumen epithelial inflammation that allows pathogenic bacteria to gain entry to liver through transport via the hepatic portal vein. The most common intervention for LAs is the inclusion of antibiotics in feedlot diets, under the supervision of a veterinarian; this treatment is associated with reduced occurrence of LAs in this and other studies. Here, through the largest LA 16S rRNA gene sequencing study to date, we demonstrate that the inclusion of tylosin and antibiotic alternatives (the essential oil limonene and Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product) had little impact on LA microbial community composition. Importantly, members of Bacteroidetes (Bacteroides spp. and Porphyromonas spp.) were identified as the dominant taxa in conjunction with low proportions of Fusobacteria in nearly a quarter (61/259) of all LA communities analyzed in this study. The relative abundances of the phyla Fusobacteria and Bacteroidetes had a strongly negative correlation, and LA microbial communities rarely contained high abundances of both of these dominant phyla. Further, based on the presence of taxa discriminant of Bacteroidetes-dominated LAs within over 400 bovine gut communities, we provide evidence suggestive of Bacteroidetes-dominated abscess communities originating in more distal portions of the bovine gut. Together, these findings suggest that some LA microbial communities may originate from portions of the gut other than the rumen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee J Pinnell
- Veterinary Education, Research, and Outreach Program, Texas A&M University, Canyon, TX, United States
| | - Carla Weissend Whitlow
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Katherine L Huebner
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Tony C Bryant
- Five River Cattle Feeding, Johnstown, CO, United States
| | - Jennifer Martin
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Keith E Belk
- Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Paul S Morley
- Veterinary Education, Research, and Outreach Program, Texas A&M University, Canyon, TX, United States.,Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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15
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The Chronic Wound Phageome: Phage Diversity and Associations with Wounds and Healing Outcomes. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0277721. [PMID: 35435739 PMCID: PMC9248897 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02777-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Two leading impediments to chronic wound healing are polymicrobial infection and biofilm formation. Recent studies have characterized the bacterial fraction of these microbiomes and have begun to elucidate compositional correlations to healing outcomes. However, the factors that drive compositional shifts are still being uncovered. The virome may play an important role in shaping bacterial community structure and function. Previous work on the skin virome determined that it was dominated by bacteriophages, viruses that infect bacteria. To characterize the virome, we enrolled 20 chronic wound patients presenting at an outpatient wound care clinic in a microbiome survey, collecting swab samples from healthy skin and chronic wounds (diabetic, venous, arterial, or pressure) before and after a single, sharp debridement procedure. We investigated the virome using a virus-like particle enrichment procedure, shotgun metagenomic sequencing, and a k-mer-based, reference-dependent taxonomic classification method. Taxonomic composition, diversity, and associations with covariates are presented. We find that the wound virome is highly diverse, with many phages targeting known pathogens, and may influence bacterial community composition and functionality in ways that impact healing outcomes. IMPORTANCE Chronic wounds are an increasing medical burden. These wounds are known to be rich in microbial content, including both bacteria and bacterial viruses (phages). The viruses may play an important role in shaping bacterial community structure and function. We analyzed the virome and bacterial composition of 20 patients with chronic wounds. The viruses found in wounds are highly diverse compared to normal skin, unlike the bacterial composition, where diversity is decreased. These data represent an initial look at this relatively understudied component of the chronic wound microbiome and may help inform future phage-based interventions.
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Predominance of Staphylococcus correlates with wound burden and disease activity in dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa: a prospective case-control study. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:2117-2127.e8. [PMID: 35149000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is characterized by skin blistering and wounds. To uncover changes in skin and mucosal microbiome related to age and disease progression, and microbiome impact on clinical and inflammatory laboratory parameters, swabs from wounded and unwounded skin, oral mucosa and stool samples of 28 children with RDEB and 28 healthy controls were subjected to 16S-rRNA gene sequencing. Skin microbiome of RDEB patients showed significantly reduced alpha diversity compared to healthy controls and early, age-dependent predominance of Staphylococcus aureus first in wounds, then in unwounded skin. These findings were more pronounced in severe disease with higher abundances of Staphylococcus aureus compared to intermediate disease. Staphylococcus aureus abundance correlated significantly with both acute and chronic wound burden. Changes in oral mucosal and gut microbiome were discrete with no significant differences in alpha diversity. Our findings show that children with RDEB experience skin microbiome changes early in life. Longitudinal studies should confirm that dysbiosis starts in wounds and later extends to unwounded skin. The predominance of Staphylococcus aureus significantly correlates with wound burden and disease activity, and to some extent with systemic inflammation.
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Wang Y, Zhang H, Ma G, Tian Z, Wang B. The contribution of intestinal Streptococcus to the pathogenesis of diabetic foot ulcers: An analysis based on 16S rRNA sequencing. Int Wound J 2022; 19:1658-1668. [PMID: 35112796 PMCID: PMC9615275 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we intend to determine the microbial communities that are differentially expressed in diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) from the view of species abundance difference and compositions. The EMBL‐EBI database and QIIME2 platform were used to obtain and process 16S rRNA sequencing data of normal healthy and DFU samples. The LEfSe software was utilised to retrieve key intestinal bacteria differentially expressed in DFUs. Additionally, PICRUSt2, FAPROTAX and BugBase functional analyses were performed to analyse the potential microbial functions and related metabolic pathways. The correlations between intestinal microbiota and clinical indexes were evaluated using the Spearman correlation analysis. Significant differences existed in intestinal microbiota between DFU and normal healthy samples regarding species abundance difference and compositions at Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus and Species levels. Seven microbiota were demonstrated differentially expressed in DFUs that contained Bacteroidaceae, Prevotellaceae, Streptococcaceae, Lactobacillales, Bacilli, Veillonellaceae and Selenomonadales. Insulin signalling pathway may be the key pathway related to the functional significance of Streptococcus and Bacillus in the DFUs. The intestinal microbiota in DFUs exhibited susceptibility to sulphur cycling while displaying pathogenic potential. Last but not least, a close relationship between Streptococcus and the occurrence of DFUs was revealed. Taken together, this study mainly demonstrated the high abundance of Streptococcus in DFUs and its correlation with the disease occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Guixin Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zibin Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Li X, Chu L, Liu S, Zhang W, Lin L, Zheng G. Smilax china L. flavonoid alleviates HFHS-induced inflammation by regulating the gut-liver axis in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 95:153728. [PMID: 34561124 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smilax china L., a traditional Chinese herb, has been used to treat various inflammatory disorders, particularly pelvic inflammation. The anti-inflammatory activity of the plant extract has been reported in several in vivo experimental models. However, the underlying anti-inflammatory mechanisms and the role of gut microbiota in mice on Smilax china L. flavonoid (SCF) treatment are poorly understand. PURPOSE To investigate the role of SCF in providing the anti-inflammatory response and the role of gut microbiota in high-fat/high-sucrose (HFHS)-induced obese mice for 12 weeks. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into seven groups, normal chow (NC), HFHS, Orlistat, SCE, and low-, medium-, high- doses of SCF for 12 weeks. The body weight, liver weight, serum concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and inflammatory cytokines in mice were assessed. The gene and protein expression levels of inflammation-related markers were measured by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Finally, the composition of gut microbiota was detected by analyzing 16S rDNA gene sequences. RESULTS SCF supplement reduced body weight gain, adipose tissue and liver indexes, attenuated serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, LPS, and increased IL-10, and adiponectin. SCF significantly reduced the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and increased the expression of AMPK, PPAR-γ, and IL-10 in mice's liver and adipose tissues. In addition, the TLR4, p-IκBα, NF-κB, and p65 protein expression levels were reduced after the SCF supplement. Moreover, SCF treatment ameliorated HFHS-induced gut dysbiosis, as revealed by an increased intestinal barrier protective species (Akkermansia spp). The relative abundance of Streptococcaceae, Faecalibaculum, and endotoxin-producing Desulfovibrionaceae were significantly decreased on SCF supplements. CONCLUSION The results showed that SCF effectively inhibits HFHS-induced inflammation by suppressing the LPS-producing bacteria and pro-inflammatory bacteria group. Furthermore, the abundance of gut barrier protective species Akkermansia spp was increased to alleviate inflammatory response, inhibiting the LPS-TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Thus, SCF may be a promising prophylactic for diet-induced inflammatory diseases through the gut-liver axis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Lulu Chu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Wenkai Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Lezhen Lin
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Guodong Zheng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
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Morgan SJ, Durfey SL, Ravishankar S, Jorth P, Ni W, Skerrett DT, Aitken ML, McKone EF, Salipante SJ, Radey MC, Singh PK. A population-level strain genotyping method to study pathogen strain dynamics in human infections. JCI Insight 2021; 6:152472. [PMID: 34935640 PMCID: PMC8783678 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.152472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of chronic bacterial infections is the long-term persistence of 1 or more pathogen species at the compromised site. Repeated detection of the same bacterial species can suggest that a single strain or lineage is continually present. However, infection with multiple strains of a given species, strain acquisition and loss, and changes in strain relative abundance can occur. Detecting strain-level changes and their effects on disease is challenging because most methods require labor-intensive isolate-by-isolate analyses, and thus, only a few cells from large infecting populations can be examined. Here, we present a population-level method for enumerating and measuring the relative abundance of strains called population multi-locus sequence typing (PopMLST). The method exploits PCR amplification of strain-identifying polymorphic loci, next-generation sequencing to measure allelic variants, and informatic methods to determine whether variants arise from sequencing errors or low-abundance strains. These features enable PopMLST to simultaneously interrogate hundreds of bacterial cells that are cultured en masse from patient samples or are present in DNA directly extracted from clinical specimens without ex vivo culture. This method could be used to detect epidemic or super-infecting strains, facilitate understanding of strain dynamics during chronic infections, and enable studies that link strain changes to clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Morgan
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Samantha L. Durfey
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sumedha Ravishankar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Peter Jorth
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Wendy Ni
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Duncan T. Skerrett
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Moira L. Aitken
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Stephen J. Salipante
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Matthew C. Radey
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Pradeep K. Singh
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Chen YT, Chiou SY, Hsu AH, Lin YC, Lin JS. Lactobacillus rhamnosus Strain LRH05 Intervention Ameliorated Body Weight Gain and Adipose Inflammation via Modulating the Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 66:e2100348. [PMID: 34796638 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE This study aims to investigate the underlying mechanism of a specific probiotic strain on suppression of adipogenesis and inflammatory response in white adipose tissue (WAT) of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Eight strains are screened in vitro for candidates of potential probiotics. Lactobacillus rhamnosus LRH05 (LRH05) and Lactobacillus reuteri LR47 (LR47) are screened out with lower triglyceride expression in vitro. The mice are fed a control diet (CD), HFD, or HFD supplemented with a dose of LRH05 or LR47 at 109 CFU per mouse per day for 10 weeks (n = 8), respectively. The results demonstrate that LRH05, but not LR47, significantly reduce body weight gain and the weight of WAT, as well as improve hepatic steatosis and glucose intolerance. LRH05 regulates the Mogat1, Igf-1, Mcp-1, and F4/80 mRNA expression and decreases macrophage infiltration in WAT. LRH05 shows an increase in butyric and propionic acid-producing bacteria, including Lachnoclostridium, Romboutsia, and Fusobacterium that is coincident with the increased fecal propionic acid and butyric acid levels. CONCLUSION LRH05 shows a strain-specific effect on ameliorating the pro-inflammatory process by reducing inflammatory macrophage infiltration and the expression of inflammation-related genes in mice. Thus, LRH05 can be considered a potential probiotic strain to prevent obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Tsung Chen
- Culture Collection & Research Institute, SYNBIO TECH INC., Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Shiou-Yun Chiou
- Culture Collection & Research Institute, SYNBIO TECH INC., Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Hua Hsu
- Culture Collection & Research Institute, SYNBIO TECH INC., Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Seng Lin
- Culture Collection & Research Institute, SYNBIO TECH INC., Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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21
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LeMay-Nedjelski L, Yonemitsu C, Asbury MR, Butcher J, Ley SH, Hanley AJ, Kiss A, Unger S, Copeland JK, Wang PW, Stintzi A, Bode L, O'Connor DL. Oligosaccharides and Microbiota in Human Milk Are Interrelated at 3 Months Postpartum in a Cohort of Women with a High Prevalence of Gestational Impaired Glucose Tolerance. J Nutr 2021; 151:3431-3441. [PMID: 34510198 PMCID: PMC8562078 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human milk is a rich source of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and bacteria. It is unclear how these components interact within the breast microenvironment. OBJECTIVES The objectives were first, to investigate the association between maternal characteristics and HMOs, and second, to assess the association between HMOs and microbial community composition and predicted function in milk from women with high rates of gestational glucose intolerance. METHODS This was an exploratory analysis of a previously completed prospective cohort study (NCT01405547) where milk samples (n = 107) were collected at 3 mo postpartum. Milk microbiota composition was analyzed by V4-16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing and HMOs by rapid high-throughput HPLC. Data were stratified and analyzed by maternal secretor status phenotype and associations between HMOs and microbiota were determined using linear regression models (ɑ-diversity), Adonis (B-diversity), Poisson regression models (differential abundance), and general linear models (predicted microbial function). RESULTS Prepregnancy BMI, race, and frequency of direct breastfeeding, but not gestational glucose intolerance, were found to be significantly associated with a number of HMOs among secretors and non-secretors. Fucosyllacto-N-hexaose was negatively associated with microbial richness (Chao1) among secretors [B-estimate (SE): -9.3 × 102 (3.4 × 102); P = 0.0082] and difucosyllacto-N-hexaose was negatively associated with microbiota diversity (Shannon index) [-1.7 (0.78); P = 0.029] among secretors. Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT) was associated with both microbial B-diversity (weighted UniFrac R2 = 0.040, P = 0.036) and KEGG ortholog B-diversity (Bray-Curtis R2 = 0.039, P = 0.043) in secretors. Additionally, difucosyllactose in secretors and disialyllacto-N-hexaose and LNnT in non-secretors were associated with enrichment of predicted microbial genes encoding for metabolism- and infection-related pathways (P-false discovery rate < 0.1). CONCLUSIONS HMOs are associated with the microbial composition and predicted microbial functions in human milk at 3 mo postpartum. Further research is needed to investigate the role these relations play in maternal and infant health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren LeMay-Nedjelski
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chloe Yonemitsu
- Department of Pediatrics and Mother-Milk-Infant Center of Research Excellence (MOMI CORE), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michelle R Asbury
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James Butcher
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sylvia H Ley
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Anthony J Hanley
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alex Kiss
- Department of Research Design and Biostatistics, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sharon Unger
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julia K Copeland
- Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pauline W Wang
- Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alain Stintzi
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lars Bode
- Department of Pediatrics and Mother-Milk-Infant Center of Research Excellence (MOMI CORE), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Deborah L O'Connor
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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23
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Schmidt BM, Erb-Downward J, Ranjan P, Dickson R. Metagenomics to Identify Pathogens in Diabetic Foot Ulcers and the Potential Impact for Clinical Care. Curr Diab Rep 2021; 21:26. [PMID: 34152440 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-021-01391-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Diabetes mellitus may affect every third adult American by 2050, and about one-third will develop a diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) during their lifetime. The current standard of care results in healing of less than 50% of all DFUs. Many individuals with DFU develop limb-threatening infection which place them at risk for additional morbidity and mortality. We review research associated with culture-independent next-generation sequencing techniques pertaining to diabetic foot ulcers and their potential for clinical application. RECENT FINDINGS Diabetic foot ulcers are a growing problem and clinicians are limited by their reliance on conventional culture. Metagenomic sequencing technology provides an unparalleled viewpoint of the polymicrobial constituency of DFU. The microbiome techniques used to study the microbial constituency of DFU may offer insight to improve care for these patients, but without standardized approaches in research based on real-world clinical practices, a significant knowledge gap will remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Schmidt
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- University of Michigan Medical School, 24 Frank Lloyd Wright Drive Lobby C, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - John Erb-Downward
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Piyush Ranjan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Robert Dickson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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24
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Evaluation of a New Culture-Based AtbFinder Test-System Employing a Novel Nutrient Medium for the Selection of Optimal Antibiotics for Critically Ill Patients with Polymicrobial Infections within 4 h. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9050990. [PMID: 34064335 PMCID: PMC8147811 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9050990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we describe the validation of a new phenotypic culture-based AtbFinder method for rapid selection of antibiotics in vitro using specimens with mono- and polybacterial infections. AtbFinder, which can be applied to any type of non-blood tissue, does not require isolation of pure bacterial cultures. The method uses a novel TGV medium that allows more rapid bacterial growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative monoisolates compared with that achieved with conventional laboratory media, demonstrating overall sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV values of 99.6%, 98.1%, 98.5%, and 99.4%, respectively, after 4 h. For polymicrobial infections, AtbFinder utilized a novel paradigm of the population response to antibiotics, enabling bacterial growth in the form of a mixed microbial community and selecting antibiotics targeting not only the principal pathogen, but also those bacteria that support their growth. TGV medium allowed culturing of a more diverse set of bacteria from polymicrobial biospecimens, compared with that achieved with the standard media, and enabled, within 4 h, accurate selection of the antibiotics that completely eliminated all cultivatable bacteria from clinical samples. In conclusion, the AtbFinder system may be a valuable tool in improving antibiotic selection, and enabling targeted empirical therapy and accurate antibiotic replacement, which is especially important in high-risk patients.
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25
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Kunimitsu M, Kataoka Y, Nakagami G, Weller CD, Sanada H. Factors related to the composition and diversity of wound microbiota investigated using culture-independent molecular methods: a scoping review. Drug Discov Ther 2021; 15:78-86. [PMID: 33952764 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2021.01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
All open wounds are often colonized by commensal microbes as a loss of skin can provide a ready portal of entry for microorganisms. Although the wound microbiota is known to be associated with wound infection and with delayed healing, the factors related to the formations of wound microbiota contributing to such poor clinical outcomes are not clear and have not led to effective infection prevention interventions. This review aimed to scope the factors related to the composition and diversity of wound microbiota that have been investigated using culture-independent molecular methods. Original articles on wound microbiota published from January 1986 to February 2020 were included in this review. Thirty-one articles met the inclusion criteria and were grouped according to wound types: chronic, acute, and animal model wounds. The factors identified were categorized according to patient characteristics, wound characteristics, treatment, and sampling. Although some studies reported the effect size of the factors, the values were small. No studies elucidated the mechanism of wound microbiota formation. The results of this scoping review highlight that the factors associated with the diversity of wound microbiota are poorly understood and that further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Kunimitsu
- Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukie Kataoka
- Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gojiro Nakagami
- Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Global Nursing Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Carolina D Weller
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hiromi Sanada
- Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Global Nursing Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
Human skin functions as a physical, chemical, and immune barrier against the external environment while also providing a protective niche for its resident microbiota, known as the skin microbiome. Cooperation between the microbiota, host skin cells, and the immune system is responsible for maintenance of skin health, and a disruption to this delicate balance, such as by pathogen invasion or a breach in the skin barrier, may lead to impaired skin function. Human skin functions as a physical, chemical, and immune barrier against the external environment while also providing a protective niche for its resident microbiota, known as the skin microbiome. Cooperation between the microbiota, host skin cells, and the immune system is responsible for maintenance of skin health, and a disruption to this delicate balance, such as by pathogen invasion or a breach in the skin barrier, may lead to impaired skin function. In this minireview, we describe the role of the microbiome in microbe, host, and immune interactions under distinct skin states, including homeostasis, tissue repair, and wound infection. Furthermore, we highlight the growing number of diverse microbial metabolites and products that have been identified to mediate these interactions, particularly those involved in host-microbe communication and defensive symbiosis. We also address the contextual pathogenicity exhibited by many skin commensals and provide insight into future directions in the skin microbiome field.
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27
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Maillard JY, Kampf G, Cooper R. Antimicrobial stewardship of antiseptics that are pertinent to wounds: the need for a united approach. JAC Antimicrob Resist 2021; 3:dlab027. [PMID: 34223101 PMCID: PMC8209993 DOI: 10.1093/jacamr/dlab027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long before the nature of infection was recognized, or the significance of biofilms in delayed healing was understood, antimicrobial agents were being used in wound care. In the last 70 years, antibiotics have provided an effective means to control wound infection, but the continued emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains and the documented antibiotic tolerance of biofilms has reduced their effectiveness. A range of wound dressings containing an antimicrobial (antibiotic or non-antibiotic compound) has been developed. Whereas standardized methods for determining the efficacy of non-antibiotic antimicrobials in bacterial suspension tests were developed in the early twentieth century, standardized ways of evaluating the efficacy of antimicrobial dressings against microbial suspensions and biofilms are not available. Resistance to non-antibiotic antimicrobials and cross-resistance with antibiotics has been reported, but consensus on breakpoints is absent and surveillance is impossible. Antimicrobial stewardship is therefore in jeopardy. This review highlights these difficulties and in particular the efficacy of current non-antibiotic antimicrobials used in dressings, their efficacy, and the challenges of translating in vitro efficacy data to the efficacy of dressings in patients. This review calls for a unified approach to developing standardized methods of evaluating antimicrobial dressings that will provide an improved basis for practitioners to make informed choices in wound care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Yves Maillard
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Günter Kampf
- Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University of Greifswald, Germany
| | - Rose Cooper
- School of Sport & Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
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Raizman R, Little W, Smith AC. Rapid Diagnosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Wounds with Point-Of-Care Fluorescence Imaing. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11020280. [PMID: 33670266 PMCID: PMC7917920 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a common bacterial pathogen in chronic wounds known for its propensity to form biofilms and evade conventional treatment methods. Early detection of PA in wounds is critical to the mitigation of more severe wound outcomes. Point-of-care bacterial fluorescence imaging illuminates wounds with safe, violet light, triggering the production of cyan fluorescence from PA. A prospective single blind clinical study was conducted to determine the positive predictive value (PPV) of cyan fluorescence for the detection of PA in wounds. Bacterial fluorescence using the MolecuLight i:X imaging device revealed cyan fluorescence signal in 28 chronic wounds, including venous leg ulcers, surgical wounds, diabetic foot ulcers and other wound types. To correlate the cyan signal to the presence of PA, wound regions positive for cyan fluorescence were sampled via curettage. A semi-quantitative culture analysis of curettage samples confirmed the presence of PA in 26/28 wounds, resulting in a PPV of 92.9%. The bacterial load of PA from cyan-positive regions ranged from light to heavy. Less than 20% of wounds that were positive for PA exhibited the classic symptoms of PA infection. These findings suggest that cyan detected on fluorescence images can be used to reliably predict bacteria, specifically PA at the point-of-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Raizman
- Department of Professional Practice, Scarborough Health Network, Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M1E 4B9, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-416-886-2328
| | - William Little
- Department of Honors Studies, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (W.L.); (A.C.S.)
| | - Allie Clinton Smith
- Department of Honors Studies, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (W.L.); (A.C.S.)
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Li X, Yang L, Xu M, Qiao G, Li C, Lin L, Zheng G. Smilax china L. polyphenols alleviates obesity and inflammation by modulating gut microbiota in high fat/high sucrose diet-fed C57BL/6J mice. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Pistollato F, Forbes-Hernandez TY, Iglesias RC, Ruiz R, Elexpuru Zabaleta M, Dominguez I, Cianciosi D, Quiles JL, Giampieri F, Battino M. Effects of caloric restriction on immunosurveillance, microbiota and cancer cell phenotype: Possible implications for cancer treatment. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 73:45-57. [PMID: 33271317 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fasting, caloric restriction and foods or compounds mimicking the biological effects of caloric restriction, known as caloric restriction mimetics, have been associated with a lower risk of age-related diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer and cognitive decline, and a longer lifespan. Reduced calorie intake has been shown to stimulate cancer immunosurveillance, reducing the migration of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells towards the tumor bulk. Autophagy stimulation via reduction of lysine acetylation, increased sensitivity to chemo- and immunotherapy, along with a reduction of insulin-like growth factor 1 and reactive oxygen species have been described as some of the major effects triggered by caloric restriction. Fasting and caloric restriction have also been shown to beneficially influence gut microbiota composition, modify host metabolism, reduce total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, lower diastolic blood pressure and elevate morning cortisol level, with beneficial modulatory effects on cardiopulmonary fitness, body fat and weight, fatigue and weakness, and general quality of life. Moreover, caloric restriction may reduce the carcinogenic and metastatic potential of cancer stem cells, which are generally considered responsible of tumor formation and relapse. Here, we reviewed in vitro and in vivo studies describing the effects of fasting, caloric restriction and some caloric restriction mimetics on immunosurveillance, gut microbiota, metabolism, and cancer stem cell growth, highlighting the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying these effects. Additionally, studies on caloric restriction interventions in cancer patients or cancer risk subjects are discussed. Considering the promising effects associated with caloric restriction and caloric restriction mimetics, we think that controlled-randomized large clinical trials are warranted to evaluate the inclusion of these non-pharmacological approaches in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pistollato
- Centre for Nutrition and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico (UEA), Santander, Spain
| | - Tamara Yuliett Forbes-Hernandez
- Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Roberto Ruiz
- Centre for Nutrition and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico (UEA), Santander, Spain
| | | | - Irma Dominguez
- Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana (UNINI), Camphece, Mexico; Universidade Internacional do Cuanza, Cuito, Angola
| | - Danila Cianciosi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche, Sez. Biochimica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Josè L Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, 18000, Spain
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche, Sez. Biochimica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche, Sez. Biochimica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
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31
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Liu C, Ponsero AJ, Armstrong DG, Lipsky BA, Hurwitz BL. The dynamic wound microbiome. BMC Med 2020; 18:358. [PMID: 33228639 PMCID: PMC7685579 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01820-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) account for the majority of all limb amputations and hospitalizations due to diabetes complications. With 30 million cases of diabetes in the USA and 500,000 new diagnoses each year, DFUs are a growing health problem. Diabetes patients with limb amputations have high postoperative mortality, a high rate of secondary amputation, prolonged inpatient hospital stays, and a high incidence of re-hospitalization. DFU-associated amputations constitute a significant burden on healthcare resources that cost more than 10 billion dollars per year. Currently, there is no way to identify wounds that will heal versus those that will become severely infected and require amputation. MAIN BODY Accurate identification of causative pathogens in diabetic foot ulcers is a critical component of effective treatment. Compared to traditional culture-based methods, advanced sequencing technologies provide more comprehensive and unbiased profiling on wound microbiome with a higher taxonomic resolution, as well as functional annotation such as virulence and antibiotic resistance. In this review, we summarize the latest developments in defining the microbiology of diabetic foot ulcers that have been unveiled by sequencing technologies and discuss both the future promises and current limitations of these approaches. In particular, we highlight the temporal patterns and system dynamics in the diabetic foot microbiome monitored and measured during wound progression and medical intervention, and explore the feasibility of molecular diagnostics in clinics. CONCLUSION Molecular tests conducted during weekly office visits to clean and examine DFUs would allow clinicians to offer personalized treatment and antibiotic therapy. Personalized wound management could reduce healthcare costs, improve quality of life for patients, and recoup lost productivity that is important not only to the patient, but also to healthcare payers and providers. These efforts could also improve antibiotic stewardship and control the rise of "superbugs" vital to global health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunan Liu
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.,BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Alise J Ponsero
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.,BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - David G Armstrong
- Department of Surgery, Southwestern Academic Limb Salvage Alliance (SALSA), Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Benjamin A Lipsky
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Division of Medical Sciences, Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bonnie L Hurwitz
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. .,BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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Zou M, Cai Y, Hu P, Cao Y, Luo X, Fan X, Zhang B, Wu X, Jiang N, Lin Q, Zhou H, Xue Y, Gao F. Analysis of the Composition and Functions of the Microbiome in Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis Based on 16S rRNA and Metagenome Sequencing Technology. Diabetes 2020; 69:2423-2439. [PMID: 32801139 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Metagenome sequencing has not been used in infected bone specimens. This prospective observational study explored the microbiome and its function in patients with diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO) and posttraumatic foot osteomyelitis (PFO) based on 16S rRNA sequencing and metagenome sequencing technologies. Spearman analysis was used to explore the correlation between dominant species and clinical indicators of patients with DFO. High-throughput sequencing showed that all the specimens were polymicrobial. The microbial diversity was significantly higher in the DFO group than in the PFO group. Firmicutes, Prevotellaceae, and Prevotella were the most abundant microbes in the DFO group. The most abundant microbes in the PFO group were Proteobacteria, Halomonadaceae, and Halomonas Prevotella denticola, Prevotella jejuni, and Prevotella fusca had positive correlation with the duration of diabetic foot infection (DFI_d). Proteus vulgaris was positively correlated with the infection index, while Bacteroides fragilis was negatively correlated. The microbial functional genes were more abundant in the DFO group than in the PFO group. Metagenome sequencing is feasible for the analysis of the microbiome in infected bone specimens. Gram-negative bacteria and anaerobes are dominant in DFO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchen Zou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulan Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiaogan Central Hospital, Xiaogan, China
| | - Yin Cao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangrong Luo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinzhao Fan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bao Zhang
- School of Public Health and Tropic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianbo Wu
- School of Public Health and Tropic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingrong Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Hospital Infection Management of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaoming Xue
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Abstract
The skin microbiota is intimately coupled with cutaneous health and disease. Interactions between commensal microbiota and the multiple cell types involved in cutaneous wound healing regulate the immune response and promote barrier restoration. This dialog between host cells and the microbiome is dysregulated in chronic wounds. In this review, we first describe how advances in sequencing approaches and analysis have been used to study the chronic wound microbiota, and how these findings underscored the complexity of microbial communities and their association with clinical outcomes in patients with chronic wound disorders. We also discuss the mechanistic insights gathered from multiple animal models of polymicrobial wound infections. In addition to the well-described role of bacteria residing in polymicrobial biofilms, we also discuss the role of the intracellular bacterial niche in wound healing. We describe how, in contrast to pathogenic species capable of subverting skin immunity, commensals are essential for the regulation of the cutaneous immune system and provide protection from intracellular pathogens through modulation of the antimicrobial molecule, Perforin-2. Despite recent advances, more research is needed to shed light on host-microbiome crosstalk in both healing and nonhealing chronic wounds to appropriately guide therapeutic developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjana Tomic-Canic
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Ave RMSB R-6056, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Jamie L Burgess
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Ave RMSB R-6056, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Katelyn E O'Neill
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Natasa Strbo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Irena Pastar
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Ave RMSB R-6056, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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LeMay-Nedjelski L, Butcher J, Ley SH, Asbury MR, Hanley AJ, Kiss A, Unger S, Copeland JK, Wang PW, Zinman B, Stintzi A, O'Connor DL. Examining the relationship between maternal body size, gestational glucose tolerance status, mode of delivery and ethnicity on human milk microbiota at three months post-partum. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:219. [PMID: 32689933 PMCID: PMC7372813 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-01901-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have examined how maternal body mass index (BMI), mode of delivery and ethnicity affect the microbial composition of human milk and none have examined associations with maternal metabolic status. Given the high prevalence of maternal adiposity and impaired glucose metabolism, we systematically investigated the associations between these maternal factors in women ≥20 years and milk microbial composition and predicted functionality by V4-16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing (NCT01405547; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01405547 ). Demographic data, weight, height, and a 3-h oral glucose tolerance test were gathered at 30 (95% CI: 25-33) weeks gestation, and milk samples were collected at 3 months post-partum (n = 113). RESULTS Multivariable linear regression analyses demonstrated no significant associations between maternal characteristics (maternal BMI [pre-pregnancy, 3 months post-partum], glucose tolerance, mode of delivery and ethnicity) and milk microbiota alpha-diversity; however, pre-pregnancy BMI was associated with human milk microbiota beta-diversity (Bray-Curtis R2 = 0.037). Women with a pre-pregnancy BMI > 30 kg/m2 (obese) had a greater incidence of Bacteroidetes (incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 3.70 [95% CI: 1.61-8.48]) and a reduced incidence of Proteobacteria (0.62 [0.43-0.90]) in their milk, compared to women with an overweight BMI (25.0-29.9 kg/m2) as assessed by multivariable Poisson regression. An increased incidence of Gemella was observed among mothers with gestational diabetes who had an overweight BMI versus healthy range BMI (5.96 [1.85-19.21]). An increased incidence of Gemella was also observed among mothers with impaired glucose tolerance with an obese BMI versus mothers with a healthy range BMI (4.04 [1.63-10.01]). An increased incidence of Brevundimonas (16.70 [5.99-46.57]) was found in the milk of women who underwent an unscheduled C-section versus vaginal delivery. Lastly, functional gene inference demonstrated that pre-pregnancy obesity was associated with an increased abundance of genes encoding for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites pathway in milk (coefficient = 0.0024, PFDR < 0.1). CONCLUSIONS Human milk has a diverse microbiota of which its diversity and differential abundance appear associated with maternal BMI, glucose tolerance status, mode of delivery, and ethnicity. Further research is warranted to determine whether this variability in the milk microbiota impacts colonization of the infant gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren LeMay-Nedjelski
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - James Butcher
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Sylvia H Ley
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2001, Mail Box 8318, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Michelle R Asbury
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Anthony J Hanley
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Alex Kiss
- Department of Research Design and Biostatistics, Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Sharon Unger
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King College Cir, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, 600 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Julia K Copeland
- Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Pauline W Wang
- Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Bernard Zinman
- Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Alain Stintzi
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Deborah L O'Connor
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada. .,Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada.
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Zambounis A, Ganopoulos I, Tsaftaris A, Valasiadis D, Madesis P. Metagenomics analysis of fungal communities associated with postharvest diseases in pear fruits under the effect of management practices. Arch Microbiol 2020; 202:2391-2400. [PMID: 32588084 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-01960-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An amplicon metagenomic approach based on the ITS1 region of fungal rDNA was employed to identify the composition of fungal communities associated with diseases of pear fruits during postharvest storage. The sampled fruits were harvested at an orchard using routine management practices involving treatments with various chemical fungicides and were transferred to a storage packinghouse. Effective tags of reading sequences clustered into 53 OTUs whereas Ascomycota was the dominant phylum (83.4%) followed by Basidiomycota (15.8%). Our results revealed that four genera, Penicillium, Rhodotorula, Alternaria and Cladosporium were the most abundant representing 59-95% of the relative abundance per sample. The interruption of chemical treatments during the last month before harvest altered the structure of the fungal community of fruits among untreated and treated samples, mainly in cases of relative abundance of Penicillium and Rhodotorula genera. We hypothesize that various antagonistic interactions might occur on fruit surfaces among the detected fungal genera whose relative abundances were affected by fungicide treatments. Interestingly, some common pre- and postharvest pear fungal pathogens were either less present (such as Moniliana), or undetected (such as Aspergillus, Venturia and Septoria) in untreated and treated samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios Zambounis
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Department of Deciduous Fruit Trees, ELGO-DEMETER, 59035, Naoussa, Greece.
| | - Ioannis Ganopoulos
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, ELGO-DEMETER, Thermi, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | - Panagiotis Madesis
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, CERTH, Thermi, 57001, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Verbanic S, Shen Y, Lee J, Deacon JM, Chen IA. Microbial predictors of healing and short-term effect of debridement on the microbiome of chronic wounds. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2020; 6:21. [PMID: 32358500 PMCID: PMC7195478 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-020-0130-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic wounds represent a large and growing disease burden. Infection and biofilm formation are two of the leading impediments of wound healing, suggesting an important role for the microbiome of these wounds. Debridement is a common and effective treatment for chronic wounds. We analyzed the bacterial content of the wound surface from 20 outpatients with chronic wounds before and immediately after debridement, as well as healthy skin. Given the large variation observed among different wounds, we introduce a Bayesian statistical method that models patient-to-patient variability and identify several genera that were significantly enriched in wounds vs. healthy skin. We found no difference between the microbiome of the original wound surface and that exposed by a single episode of sharp debridement, suggesting that this debridement did not directly alter the wound microbiome. However, we found that aerobes and especially facultative anaerobes were significantly associated with wounds that did not heal within 6 months. The facultative anaerobic genus Enterobacter was significantly associated with lack of healing. The results suggest that an abundance of facultative anaerobes is a negative prognostic factor in the chronic wound microbiome, possibly due to the increased robustness of such communities to different metabolic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Verbanic
- Program in Biomolecular Science and Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Yuning Shen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Juhee Lee
- Department of Statistics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - John M Deacon
- Goleta Valley Cottage Hospital, Ridley-Tree Center for Wound Management, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Irene A Chen
- Program in Biomolecular Science and Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA. .,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA. .,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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37
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Kyriakopoulos AM, Nagl M, Orth-Höller D, Marcinkiewicz J, Baliou S, Zoumbourlis V. Successful treatment of a unique chronic multi-bacterial scalp infection with N-chlorotaurine, N-bromotaurine and bromamine T. Access Microbiol 2020; 2:acmi000126. [PMID: 32974590 PMCID: PMC7497830 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial species can act in synergy to circumvent environmental stress conditions and survive. In addition, biofilms are a serious public-health issue globally and constitute a clinical emergency. Infection persistence, increased morbidity and mortality, and antibiotic resistance are consequences of poly-microbial synergy. Due to inherited complexity and synergy between numerous species, newer antimicrobial agents of increased efficacy and tolerability are needed. In this unique medical case, a chronic (9 year) multi-bacterial scalp infection was differentially diagnosed from other inflammatory skin disorders by prolonged microbiological culture. The bacterial species found seem to have caused lesions of visible biofilm not documented previously in the medical literature. This complicated infection was treated successfully and rapidly with the combined topical application of the active halogen compounds N-chlorotaurine, N-bromotaurine and bromamine T, which is in contrast to the previous failed systemic and topical therapeutic approaches. This study strengthens the case for the use of active halogen compounds against multi-bacterial infections of the skin in the future, without the occurrence of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Markus Nagl
- Department of Hygiene, Microbiology and Social Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dorothea Orth-Höller
- Department of Hygiene, Microbiology and Social Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Janusz Marcinkiewicz
- Department of Immunology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Stella Baliou
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vasileos Konstantinou Str., Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilis Zoumbourlis
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vasileos Konstantinou Str., Athens, Greece
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Nagano T, Yano H. Dietary cellulose nanofiber modulates obesity and gut microbiota in high-fat-fed mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2020.100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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39
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Morena AG, Stefanov I, Ivanova K, Pérez-Rafael S, Sánchez-Soto M, Tzanov T. Antibacterial Polyurethane Foams with Incorporated Lignin-Capped Silver Nanoparticles for Chronic Wound Treatment. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b06362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Gala Morena
- Grup de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Rambla Sant Nebridi 22, Terrassa 08222, Spain
| | - Ivaylo Stefanov
- Grup de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Rambla Sant Nebridi 22, Terrassa 08222, Spain
| | - Kristina Ivanova
- Grup de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Rambla Sant Nebridi 22, Terrassa 08222, Spain
| | - Sílvia Pérez-Rafael
- Grup de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Rambla Sant Nebridi 22, Terrassa 08222, Spain
| | - Miguel Sánchez-Soto
- Centre Català del Plàstic, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/Colom 114, Terrassa 08222, Spain
| | - Tzanko Tzanov
- Grup de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Rambla Sant Nebridi 22, Terrassa 08222, Spain
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40
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Zhang W, Yu C, Wang X, Hai L, Hu J. RETRACTED: Increased abundance of nitrogen fixing bacteria by higher C/N ratio reduces the total losses of N and C in cattle manure and corn stover mix composting. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 103:416-425. [PMID: 31952023 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. The article duplicates significant parts of a paper that had already appeared in Bioresource Technology, Volume 297, February 2020, 122410, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122410. One of the conditions of submission of a paper for publication is that authors declare explicitly that the paper has not been previously published and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. Re-use of any data should be appropriately cited. As such this article represents a misuse of the scientific publishing system. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter and apologies are offered to readers of the journal that this was not detected during the submission process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenming Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China; Department of Agriculture and Biosystem Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames 50010, United States.
| | - Chenxu Yu
- Department of Agriculture and Biosystem Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames 50010, United States
| | - Xujie Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Long Hai
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Juan Hu
- Jilin Provincial Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, PR China
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Zhang W, Yu C, Wang X, Hai L. Increased abundance of nitrogen transforming bacteria by higher C/N ratio reduces the total losses of N and C in chicken manure and corn stover mix composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 297:122410. [PMID: 31757616 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate how the initial C/N ratio during composting of chicken manure/corn stover mix affected the succession of dominant bacteria in the mix which led to the reduction of the total losses of N and C in the composting process. 16S rDNA sequencing indicated that the succession of predominant bacteria was significantly affected by the temperature and the initial C/N ratio during composting. Redundancy analysis showed that higher C/N appeared to promote the relative abundance of nitrogen fixing bacteria Thermoactinomyces, Planifilum, Flavobacterium, Bacillaceae, Pseudomonas,Sphingobacterium, Paenibacillus, Bacillus and Thermobifida, while compressing the denitrifying bacteria Pusillimonas, Ignatzschineria, Alcanivorax, Cerasibacillus, Truepera and Erysipelothrix. C/N ratio of 30:1 yielded the least C/N losses in the composting process, indicating that adjustment to the initial C/N ratio could affect nitrogen transforming bacteria to reduce the total losses of N and C and improve compost quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- WenMing Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China; Department of Agriculture and Biosystem Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames 50010, USA.
| | - ChenXu Yu
- Department of Agriculture and Biosystem Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames 50010, USA
| | - XuJie Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Long Hai
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
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42
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Min KR, Galvis A, Baquerizo Nole KL, Sinha R, Clarke J, Kirsner RS, Ajdic D. Association between baseline abundance of Peptoniphilus, a Gram-positive anaerobic coccus, and wound healing outcomes of DFUs. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227006. [PMID: 31978071 PMCID: PMC6980618 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) lead to nearly 100,000 lower limb amputations annually in the United States. DFUs are colonized by complex microbial communities, and infection is one of the most common reasons for diabetes-related hospitalizations and amputations. In this study, we examined how DFU microbiomes respond to initial sharp debridement and offloading and how the initial composition associates with 4 week healing outcomes. We employed 16S rRNA next generation sequencing to perform microbial profiling on 50 samples collected from 10 patients with vascularized neuropathic DFUs. Debrided wound samples were obtained at initial visit and after one week from two DFU locations, wound bed and wound edge. Samples of the foot skin outside of the wounds were also collected for comparison. We showed that DFU wound beds are colonized by a greater number of distinct bacterial phylotypes compared to the wound edge or skin outside the wound. However, no significant microbiome diversity changes occurred at the wound sites after one week of standard care. Finally, increased initial abundance of Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC), especially Peptoniphilus (p < 0.05; n = 5 subjects), was associated with impaired healing; thus, GPAC's abundance could be a predictor of the wound-healing outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung R. Min
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Adriana Galvis
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Katherine L. Baquerizo Nole
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Rohita Sinha
- Department of Statistics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Clarke
- Department of Statistics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Robert S. Kirsner
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Dragana Ajdic
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Bradley CW, Lee FF, Rankin SC, Kalan LR, Horwinski J, Morris DO, Grice EA, Cain CL. The otic microbiota and mycobiota in a referral population of dogs in eastern USA with otitis externa. Vet Dermatol 2020; 31:225-e49. [PMID: 31960536 DOI: 10.1111/vde.12826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canine otitis externa (OE) is a common inflammatory disease that is frequently complicated by secondary bacterial and/or yeast infections. The otic microbial population is more complex than appreciated by cytological methods and aerobic culture alone. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES Differences in bacterial and fungal populations of the external ear canal will correlate with specific cytological and culture-based definitions of bacterial and Malassezia otitis. ANIMALS Forty client-owned dogs; 30 with OE and 10 with healthy ears. METHODS AND MATERIALS Prospective study comparing cytological samples, aerobic bacterial cultures and culture-independent sequencing-based analyses of the external ear canal. Subjects with OE included 10 dogs with only cocci [≥25/high power field (HPF)] on cytological evaluation and culture of Staphylococcus spp.; 10 dogs with rods (≥25/HPF) and exclusive culture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa; 10 dogs with only yeast on cytological results morphologically compatible with Malassezia spp. (≥5/HPF). RESULTS Staphylococcus was the most abundant taxa across all groups. Ears cytologically positive for cocci had decreased diversity, and all types of OE were associated with decreased fungal diversity compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Cytological and culture-based assessment of the ear canal is not predictive of the diverse microbiota of the ear canal in cases of Pseudomonas or Malassezia otitis. Less abundant bacterial taxa in cases of staphylococcal OE are worth scrutiny for future biological therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles W Bradley
- Departments of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Delancey St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Fiona F Lee
- Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Delancey St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Shelley C Rankin
- Departments of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Delancey St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Lindsay R Kalan
- Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Joseph Horwinski
- Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Daniel O Morris
- Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Delancey St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Grice
- Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Christine L Cain
- Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Delancey St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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High Levels of Oxidative Stress and Skin Microbiome are Critical for Initiation and Development of Chronic Wounds in Diabetic Mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19318. [PMID: 31848388 PMCID: PMC6917777 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55644-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A balanced redox state is critical for proper healing. Although human chronic wounds are characterized by high levels of oxidative stress (OS), whether OS levels are critical for chronic wound development is not known. For these studies, we used our chronic wound model in diabetic mice that has similar characteristics as human chronic wounds, including naturally developed biofilm. We hypothesize that OS levels in wound tissues are critical for chronic wound initiation and development. We show that increased OS levels in the wound correlate with increased chronicity. Moreover, without increased OS levels, biofilm taken from chronic wounds and placed in new excision wounds do not create chronic wounds. Similarly, high OS levels in the wound tissue in the absence of the skin microbiome do not lead to chronic wounds. These findings show that both high OS levels and bacteria are needed for chronic wound initiation and development. In conclusion, OS levels in the wound at time of injury are critical for biofilm formation and chronic wound development and may be a good predictor of the degree of wound chronicity. Treating such wounds might be accomplished by managing OS levels with antioxidants combined with manipulation of the skin microbiome after debridement.
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Abstract
Chronic, nonhealing wounds place an enormous burden on both the health care system and patients, with no definitive treatments available. There has been increasing evidence that the microbial composition of wounds may play an important role in wound healing. Culture-independent methods for bacterial detection and analysis have revealed the wound microbiome to be much more diverse and complex than culture alone. Such methods primarily rely on targeted amplification and sequencing of various hypervariable regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA for phylogenetic analysis. To date, there have been several studies utilizing culture-independent methods to investigate the microbiome of a variety of chronic wounds, including venous insufficiency ulcers, pressure ulcers, and diabetic foot ulcers. Major bacteria found include Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, Pseudomonas, and various anaerobes. Current studies suggest that improved healing and outcomes may be correlated with increased bacterial diversity and instability of the microbiome composition of a wound. However, the exact role of the microbiome in wound healing remains poorly understood. While the current research is promising, studies are very heterogeneous, hindering comparisons of findings across different research groups. In addition, more studies are needed to correlate microbiome findings with clinical factors, as well as in the relatively unexplored fields of acute wounds and nonbacterial microbiomes, such as the wound mycobiome and virome. Better understanding of the various aspects of the microorganisms present in wounds may eventually allow for the manipulation of the wound microbiota in such a way as to promote healing, such as through bacteriophage therapies or probiotics.
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Phalak P, Henson MA. Metabolic modelling of chronic wound microbiota predicts mutualistic interactions that drive community composition. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:1576-1593. [PMID: 31436369 PMCID: PMC6790277 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To identify putative mutualistic interactions driving community composition in polymicrobial chronic wound infections using metabolic modelling. METHODS AND RESULTS We developed a 12 species metabolic model that covered 74% of 16S rDNA pyrosequencing reads of dominant genera from 2963 chronic wound patients. The community model was used to predict species abundances averaged across this large patient population. We found that substantially improved predictions were obtained when the model was constrained with genera prevalence data and predicted abundances were averaged over 5000 ensemble simulations with community participants randomly determined according to the experimentally determined prevalences. Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas were predicted to exhibit a strong mutualistic relationship that resulted in community growth rate and diversity simultaneously increasing, suggesting that these two common chronic wound pathogens establish dominance by cooperating with less harmful commensal species. In communities lacking one or both dominant pathogens, other mutualistic relationship including Staphylococcus/Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas/Serratia and Streptococcus/Enterococcus were predicted consistent with published experimental data. CONCLUSIONS Mutualistic interactions were predicted to be driven by crossfeeding of organic acids, alcohols and amino acids that could potentially be disrupted to slow chronic wound disease progression. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Approximately 2% of the US population suffers from nonhealing chronic wounds infected by a combination of commensal and pathogenic bacteria. These polymicrobial infections are often resilient to antibiotic treatment due to the nutrient-rich wound environment and species interactions that promote community stability and robustness. The simulation results from this study were used to identify putative mutualistic interactions between bacteria that could be targeted to enhance treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Phalak
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Institute for Applied Life Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA 01003, USA
| | - Michael A. Henson
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Institute for Applied Life Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA 01003, USA
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Verbanic S, Kim CY, Deacon JM, Chen IA. Improved single-swab sample preparation for recovering bacterial and phage DNA from human skin and wound microbiomes. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:214. [PMID: 31488062 PMCID: PMC6729076 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1586-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Characterization of the skin and wound microbiome is of high biomedical interest, but is hampered by the low biomass of typical samples. While sample preparation from other microbiomes (e.g., gut) has been the subject of extensive optimization, procedures for skin and wound microbiomes have received relatively little attention. Here we describe an improved method for obtaining both phage and microbial DNA from a single skin or wound swab, characterize the yield of DNA in model samples, and demonstrate the utility of this approach with samples collected from a wound clinic. Results We find a substantial improvement when processing wound samples in particular; while only one-quarter of wound samples processed by a traditional method yielded sufficient DNA for downstream analysis, all samples processed using the improved method yielded sufficient DNA. Moreover, for both skin and wound samples, community analysis and viral reads obtained through deep sequencing of clinical swab samples showed significant improvement with the use of the improved method. Conclusion Use of this method may increase the efficiency and data quality of microbiome studies from low-biomass samples. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12866-019-1586-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Verbanic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.,Program in Biomolecular Sciences and Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Colin Y Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - John M Deacon
- Goleta Valley Cottage Hospital, Ridley-Tree Center for Wound Management, Goleta, CA, USA
| | - Irene A Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA. .,Program in Biomolecular Sciences and Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA. .,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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The Natural History and Composition of Urinary Catheter Biofilms: Early Uropathogen Colonization with Intraluminal and Distal Predominance. J Urol 2019; 203:357-364. [PMID: 31430245 DOI: 10.1097/ju.0000000000000492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We sought to determine the composition and initiation site of bacterial biofilm on indwelling urinary catheters and to track biofilm progression with time. MATERIALS AND METHODS Indwelling urinary catheters were collected from 2 tertiary care centers following removal from patients. Indwelling time was noted and catheters were de-identified. Catheters were sectioned, stained for biofilms and analyzed by spectrophotometry and visualization. Biofilm colonization patterns were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis and bacterial composition was determined using next generation sequencing. RESULTS We collected and analyzed a total of 33 catheters from 26 males and 7 females with indwelling time ranging from 15 minutes to 43 days. Biofilm colonization was consistently high on the region of the balloon for all indwelling times. After week 1 the distal third of the catheter had higher biofilm colonization than the proximal third (week 2 p=0.034). At all indwelling times the intraluminal surface of the catheter had greater biofilm colonization than the outer surface. Next generation sequencing detected potential uropathogenic bacteria in all 10 analyzed samples. CONCLUSIONS The catheter balloon, its distal aspect and its lumen were the predominant locations of biofilm comprising uropathogenic bacteria. Strategies to prevent or treat biofilm should be targeted to these areas.
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Nielsen MC, Jiang SC. Alterations of the human skin microbiome after ocean water exposure. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 145:595-603. [PMID: 31590829 PMCID: PMC8061468 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Skin is the body's first line of defense against invading microorganisms. The skin microbiome has been shown to provide immunity against exogenous bacterial colonization. Recreational water exposures may alter the skin microbiome and potentially induce skin infections. This study explored the link between ocean water exposures and the human skin microbiome. Skin microbiome samples were collected, using swabs, from human participants' calves before and after they swam in the ocean, and at 6 hour and 24 hour post-swim. Genomic analysis showed that skin microbiomes were different among individuals before swimming. But after swimming, microbial communities were no longer different, which was demonstrated by a decrease in inter-sample diversity. Taxonomic analysis showed that ocean bacteria, including potential pathogens, replaced the native skin bacteria and remained on the skin for at least 24 hour post-swim. This research provides insight into the relationship between the human skin microbiome and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sunny C Jiang
- Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, United States of America; Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Irvine, United States of America.
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MacDonald A, Brodell JD, Daiss JL, Schwarz EM, Oh I. Evidence of differential microbiomes in healing versus non-healing diabetic foot ulcers prior to and following foot salvage therapy. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:1596-1603. [PMID: 30908702 PMCID: PMC6659747 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) contribute to 80% of lower extremity amputations. Although physicians currently rely on clinical signs along with non-specific biomarkers of infection, such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein, to diagnose and monitor DFU, there is no specific and sensitive measure available to monitor or prognosticate the success of foot salvage therapy (FST). To address this we performed a prospective, observational microbiome analysis to test the hypotheses that: (i) the initial microbiomes of healed versus non-healed DFU are distinct; (ii) the microbial load, diversity and presence of pathogenic organism of the DFU change in response to antibiotics treatment; and (iii) the changes in the DFU microbiome during treatment are prognostic of clinical outcome. To test this, microbiome analyses were performed on 23 DFU patients undergoing FST, in which wound samples were collected at zero, four, and eight weeks following wound debridement and antibiotics treatment. Bacterial abundance was determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Eleven patients healed their DFU, while FDT failed to heal DFU in the other 12 patients. Microbiome results demonstrated that healing DFUs had a larger abundance Actinomycetales and Staphylococcaceae (p < 0.05), while DFUs that did not heal had a higher abundance of Bacteroidales and Streptococcaceae (p < 0.05). FST marked increases Actinomycetales in DFU, and this increase is significantly greater in patients that healed (p < 0.05). Future studies to confirm the differential microbiomes, and that increasing Actinomycetales is prognostic of successful FST are warranted. Statement of Clinical Significance: Tracking changes in the prevalence of pathogens in diabetic foot ulcers may be a clinical tool for monitoring treatment response to foot salvage therapy and prognosticating the need for further surgical intervention. The initial wound sample microbiome may provide important prognostic information on the eventual clinical outcome of foot salvage therapy. It may serve as an important clinical tool for patient counseling and making surgical decision of pursuing foot salvage versus amputation. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:1596-1603, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlee MacDonald
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center
| | - James D. Brodell
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center
| | - John L. Daiss
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center
| | - Edward M. Schwarz
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center
| | - Irvin Oh
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center
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