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Thalappil MA, Singh P, Carcereri de Prati A, Sahoo SK, Mariotto S, Butturini E. Essential oils and their nanoformulations for breast cancer therapy. Phytother Res 2024; 38:556-591. [PMID: 37919622 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Breast Cancer (BC) is the most prevalent type of cancer in the world. Current treatments include surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy but often are associated with high toxicity to normal tissues, chemoresistance, and relapse. Thus, developing novel therapies which could combat these limitations is essential for effective treatment. In this context, phytochemicals are increasingly getting popular due to their safety profile, ability to efficiently target tumors, and circumvent limitations of existing treatments. Essential Oils (EOs) are mixtures of various phytochemicals which have shown potential anticancer activity in preclinical BC models. However, their clinical translation is limited by factors such as high volatility, low stability, and poor solubility. Nanotechnology has facilitated their encapsulation in a variety of nanostructures and proven to overcome these limitations. In this review, we have efficiently summarized the current knowledge on the anticancer effect of EOs and constituents in both in in vitro and in in vivo BC models. Further, we also provide a descriptive account on the potential of nanotechnology in enhancing the anti-BC activity of EOs and their constituents. The papers discussed in this review were selected using the keywords "antiproliferative Essential Oils in breast cancer," "anticancer activity of Essential Oil in breast cancer," and "cytotoxicity of Essential Oils in breast cancer" performed in PubMed and ScienceDirect databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Ashiq Thalappil
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Priya Singh
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Alessandra Carcereri de Prati
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Sofia Mariotto
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elena Butturini
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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2
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Staton Laws III J, Smid SD. Sesquiterpene-evoked phytochemical toxicity in PC12 neuronal cells reveals a variable degree of oxidative stress and alpha-tocopherol and glutathione-dependent protection. Curr Res Toxicol 2023; 6:100144. [PMID: 38193034 PMCID: PMC10772400 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2023.100144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals are often promoted generally as antioxidants and demonstrate variable levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) sequestration in vitro, which attributes to their neuroprotective bioactivity. Sesquiterpenes from cannabis and essential oils may demonstrate bifunctional properties towards cellular oxidative stress, possessing pro-oxidant activities by generating ROS or scavenging ROS directly. Sesquiterpenes can also oxidize forming sesquiterpene oxides, however the relative contribution they make to the bioactivity or cytotoxicity of complex botanical extracts more generally is unclear, while selected cannabis-prevalent terpenes such as β-caryophyllene may also activate cannabinoid receptors as part of their biological activity. In the present study, we investigated selected sesquiterpenes β-caryophyllene and humulene and their oxidized forms (β-caryophyllene oxide and zerumbone, respectively) against established antioxidants (ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, and glutathione) and in the presence of cannabinoid receptor 1 and cannabinoid receptor 2 antagonists, to gain a better understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of neuroprotection versus neurotoxicity in semi-differentiated rat neuronal phaeochromocytoma (PC12) cells. Our results demonstrate that the sesquiterpenes β-caryophyllene, humulene and zerumbone possess concentration-dependent neurotoxic effects in PC12 cells. Both β-caryophyllene- and humulene-evoked toxicity was unaffected by CB1 or CB2 receptor antagonism, demonstrating this occurred independently of cannabinoid receptors. Both glutathione and α-tocopherol were variably able to alleviate the concentration-dependent loss of PC12 cell viability from exposure to β-caryophyllene, humulene and zerumbone. During 4-hour exposure to sesquiterpenes only modest increases in ROS levels were noted in PC12 cells, with glutathione co-incubation significantly inhibiting intracellular ROS production. However, significant increases in ROS levels in PC12 cells were demonstrated during 24-hour incubation with either antioxidants or sesquiterpenes individually, and with additive toxicity exhibited in combination. Overall, the results highlight a concentration-dependent profile of sesquiterpene neurotoxicity independent of cannabinoid receptors and dissociated from the formation of reactive oxygen species as a marker or correlate to the loss of cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Staton Laws III
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Scott D. Smid
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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Abouelwafa E, Zaki A, M Sabry O, Caprioli G, Abdel-Sattar E. Dolomiaea costus: an untapped mine of sesquiterpene lactones with wide magnificent biological activities. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:4069-4079. [PMID: 36625545 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2164577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Dolomiaea costus (Falc.) Kasana & A.K. Pandey Family Asteraceae, formerly known as Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipsch contains a rich treasury of diverse bioactive compounds such as monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, triterpenes, sterols, cardenolides, flavonoids, coumarins, lignans, phenylpropanoids and alkaloids. The sesquiterpene lactones, costunolide and dehydrocostuslactone in D. costus, possess unique promising in vitro and in vivo biological activities for the prevention and cure of diverse ailments like Parkinson's disease, oxidative stress, hyperpigmentation, ulcerative colitis, breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, colon cancer, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, leukemia, stomach cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, osteosarcoma, neuroblastoma, allergy, type 2 diabetes, hepatotoxicity, bronchitis, pulmonary fibrosis, thrombosis and various microbial infections. Costunolide and dehydrocostuslactone are potential drug candidates that could lead to the development of new medications for a variety of difficult-to-treat diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebraheem Abouelwafa
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Animal Health Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Omar M Sabry
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Giovanni Caprioli
- Pharmacy Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Essam Abdel-Sattar
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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4
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Bhushan A, Rani D, Tabassum M, Kumar S, Gupta PN, Gairola S, Gupta AP, Gupta P. HPLC-PDA Method for Quantification of Bioactive Compounds in Crude Extract and Fractions of Aucklandia costus Falc. and Cytotoxicity Studies against Cancer Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:4815. [PMID: 37375368 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aucklandia costus Falc. (Synonym: Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipsch.) is a perennial herb of the family Asteraceae. The dried rhizome is an essential herb in the traditional systems of medicine in India, China and Tibet. The important pharmacological activities reported for Aucklandia costus are anticancer, hepatoprotective, antiulcer, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-fatigue activities. The objective of this study was the isolation and quantification of four marker compounds in the crude extract and different fractions of A. costus and the evaluation of the anticancer activity of the crude extract and its different fractions. The four marker compounds isolated from A. costus include dehydrocostus lactone, costunolide, syringin and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde. These four compounds were used as standard compounds for quantification. The chromatographic data showed good resolution and excellent linearity (r2 ˃ 0.993). The validation parameters, such as inter- and intraday precision (RSD < 1.96%) and analyte recovery (97.52-110.20%; RSD < 2.00%),revealed the high sensitivity and reliability of the developed HPLC method. The compounds dehydrocostus lactone and costunolide were concentrated in the hexane fraction (222.08 and 65.07 µg/mg, respectively) and chloroform fraction (99.02 and 30.21 µg/mg, respectively), while the n-butanol fraction is a rich source of syringin (37.91 µg/mg) and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (7.94 µg/mg). Further, the SRB assay was performed for the evaluation of anticancer activity using lung, colon, breast and prostate cancer cell lines. The hexane and chloroform fractions show excellent IC50 values of 3.37 ± 0.14 and 7.527 ± 0.18 µg/mL, respectively, against the prostate cancer cell line (PC-3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Bhushan
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Dixhya Rani
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Misbah Tabassum
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Saajan Kumar
- Drug Testing Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Prem N Gupta
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Sumeet Gairola
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Plant Science and Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Ajai P Gupta
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Drug Testing Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Prasoon Gupta
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Habib MA, Islam MM, Islam MM, Hasan MM, Baek KH. Current Status and De Novo Synthesis of Anti-Tumor Alkaloids in Nicotiana. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13050623. [PMID: 37233664 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alkaloids are the most diversified nitrogen-containing secondary metabolites, having antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, and are extensively used in pharmaceuticals to treat different types of cancer. Nicotiana serves as a reservoir of anti-cancer alkaloids and is also used as a model plant for the de novo synthesis of various anti-cancer molecules through genetic engineering. Up to 4% of the total dry weight of Nicotiana was found to be composed of alkaloids, where nicotine, nornicotine, anatabine, and anabasine are reported as the dominant alkaloids. Additionally, among the alkaloids present in Nicotiana, β-carboline (Harmane and Norharmane) and Kynurenines are found to show anti-tumor effects, especially in the cases of colon and breast cancers. Creating new or shunting of existing biosynthesis pathways in different species of Nicotiana resulted in de novo or increased synthesis of different anti-tumor molecules or their derivatives or precursors including Taxadiane (~22.5 µg/g), Artemisinin (~120 μg/g), Parthenolide (~2.05 ng/g), Costunolide (~60 ng/g), Etoposide (~1 mg/g), Crocin (~400 µg/g), Catharanthine (~60 ng/g), Tabersonine (~10 ng/g), Strictosidine (~0.23 mg/g), etc. Enriching the precursor pool, especially Dimethylallyl Diphosphate (DMAPP), down-regulating other bi-product pathways, compartmentalization or metabolic shunting, or organelle-specific reconstitution of the precursor pool, might trigger the enhanced accumulation of the targeted anti-cancer alkaloid in Nicotiana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ahsan Habib
- Department of Plant Pathology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mobinul Islam
- Department of Plant Pathology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mukul Islam
- Department of Plant Pathology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mohidul Hasan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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Xu H, Chen J, Chen P, Li W, Shao J, Hong S, Wang Y, Chen L, Luo W, Liang G. Costunolide covalently targets NACHT domain of NLRP3 to inhibit inflammasome activation and alleviate NLRP3-driven inflammatory diseases. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:678-693. [PMID: 36873170 PMCID: PMC9978959 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome's core and most specific protein, NLRP3, has a variety of functions in inflammation-driven diseases. Costunolide (COS) is the major active ingredient of the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Saussurea lappa and has anti-inflammatory activity, but the principal mechanism and molecular target of COS remain unclear. Here, we show that COS covalently binds to cysteine 598 in NACHT domain of NLRP3, altering the ATPase activity and assembly of NLRP3 inflammasome. We declare COS's great anti-inflammasome efficacy in macrophages and disease models of gouty arthritis and ulcerative colitis via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. We also reveal that the α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone motif in sesquiterpene lactone is the certain active group in inhibiting NLRP3 activation. Taken together, NLRP3 is identified as a direct target of COS for its anti-inflammasome activity. COS, especially the α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone motif in COS structure, might be used to design and produce novel NLRP3 inhibitors as a lead compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Xu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 311399, China
| | - Jiahao Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Pan Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Weifeng Li
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jingjing Shao
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 311399, China
| | - Shanshan Hong
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Lingfeng Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 311399, China
| | - Wu Luo
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.,Medical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 311399, China
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Cheikh IA, El-Baba C, Youssef A, Saliba NA, Ghantous A, Darwiche N. Lessons learned from the discovery and development of the sesquiterpene lactones in cancer therapy and prevention. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2022; 17:1377-1405. [PMID: 36373806 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2023.2147920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) are one of the most diverse bioactive secondary metabolites found in plants and exhibit a broad range of therapeutic properties . SLs have been showing promising potential in cancer clinical trials, and the molecular mechanisms underlying their anticancer potential are being uncovered. Recent evidence also points to a potential utility of SLs in cancer prevention. AREAS COVERED This work evaluates SLs with promising anticancer potential based on cell, animal, and clinical models: Artemisinin, micheliolide, thapsigargin dehydrocostuslactone, arglabin, parthenolide, costunolide, deoxyelephantopin, alantolactone, isoalantolactone, atractylenolide 1, and xanthatin as well as their synthetic derivatives. We highlight actionable molecular targets and biological mechanisms underlying the anticancer therapeutic properties of SLs. This is complemented by a unique assessment of SL mechanisms of action that can be exploited in cancer prevention. We also provide insights into structure-activity and pharmacokinetic properties of SLs and their potential use in combination therapies. EXPERT OPINION We extract seven major lessons learned and present evidence-based solutions that can circumvent some scientific limitations or logistic impediments in SL anticancer research. SLs continue to be at the forefront of cancer drug discovery and are worth a joint interdisciplinary effort in order to leverage their potential in cancer therapy and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israa A Cheikh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Chirine El-Baba
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali Youssef
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Najat A Saliba
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Akram Ghantous
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Nadine Darwiche
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Optimization of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Saussurea costus Oil and Its Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Activities. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101960. [PMID: 36290683 PMCID: PMC9598708 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Saussurea costus is a medicinal plant with different bioactive compounds that have an essential role in biomedicine applications, especially in Arab nations. However, traditional extraction methods for oils can lead to the loss of some volatile and non-volatile oils. Therefore, this study aimed to optimize the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of oils from S. costus at pressures (10, 20, and 48 MPa). The results were investigated by GC/MS analysis. MTT, DPPH, and agar diffusion methods assessed the extracted oils’ anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial action. GC/MS results showed that elevated pressure from 10 to 20 and 48 MPa led to the loss of some valuable compounds. In addition, the best IC50 values were recorded at 10 MPa on HCT, MCF-7, and HepG-2 cells at about 0.44, 0.46, and 0.74 μg/mL, respectively. In contrast, at 20 MPa, the IC50 values were about 2.33, 6.59, and 19.0 μg/mL, respectively, on HCT, MCF-7, and HepG-2 cells, followed by 48 MPa, about 36.02, 59.5, and 96.9 μg/mL. The oil extract at a pressure of 10 MPa contained much more of á-elemene, dihydro-à-ionone, patchoulene, á-maaliene, à-selinene, (-)-spathulenol, cedran-diol, 8S,13, elemol, eremanthin, á-guaiene, eudesmol, ç-gurjunenepoxide-(2), iso-velleral, and propanedioic acid and had a higher antioxidant activity (IC50 14.4 μg/mL) more than the oil extract at 20 and 48 MPa. In addition, the inhibitory activity of all extracts was higher than gentamicin against all tested bacteria. One of the more significant findings from this study is low pressure in SFE enhancement, the extraction of oils from S. costus, for the first time. As a result, the SFE is regarded as a good extraction technique since it is both quick and ecologically friendly. Furthermore, SFE at 10 MPa increased the production and quality of oils, with high antioxidant activity and a positive effect on cancer cells and pathogens.
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Pinus mugo Essential Oil Impairs STAT3 Activation through Oxidative Stress and Induces Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154834. [PMID: 35956786 PMCID: PMC9369512 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) and their components have been reported to possess anticancer properties and to increase the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy. The aim of this work was to select EOs able to downregulate STAT3 signaling using Western blot and RT-PCR analyses. The molecular mechanism of anti-STAT3 activity was evaluated through spectrophotometric and fluorometric analyses, and the biological effect of STAT3 inhibition was analyzed by flow cytometry and wound healing assay. Herein, Pinus mugo EO (PMEO) is identified as an inhibitor of constitutive STAT3 phosphorylation in human prostate cancer cells, DU145. The down-modulation of the STAT3 signaling cascade decreased the expression of anti-proliferative as well as anti-apoptotic genes and proteins, leading to the inhibition of cell migration and apoptotic cell death. PMEO treatment induced a rapid drop in glutathione (GSH) levels and an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration, resulting in mild oxidative stress. Pretreatment of cells with N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), a cell-permeable ROS scavenger, reverted the inhibitory action of PMEO on STAT3 phosphorylation. Moreover, combination therapy revealed that PMEO treatment displayed synergism with cisplatin in inducing the cytotoxic effect. Overall, our data highlight the importance of STAT3 signaling in PMEO cytotoxic activity, as well as the possibility of developing adjuvant therapy or sensitizing cancer cells to conventional chemotherapy.
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10
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Nooshadokht M, Mirzaei M, Sharifi I, Sharifi F, Lashkari M, Amirheidari B. In silico and in vitro antileishmanial effects of gamma-terpinene: Multifunctional modes of action. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 361:109957. [PMID: 35472413 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Leishmaniasis denotes a significant health challenge worldwide with no ultimate treatment. The current study investigated the biological effects of gamma-terpinene (GT) on Leishmania major in putative antileishmanial action, cytotoxicity, apoptosis induction, gene expression alteration, antioxidant activity, hemolysis, and ROS generation. METHODS GT and meglumine antimoniate (MA) were probed alone and in combination (GT/MA) for their anti-leishmanial potentials using the MTT biochemical colorimetric assay and a model macrophage cell. In addition, their immunomodulatory properties were assessed by analyzing their effect on the transcription of cytokines related to Th1 and Th2 responses. GT and MA, alone and in combination, were also assessed for their potential to alter metacaspase gene expression in L. major promastigotes by real-time RT-PCR. The hemolytic potential of GT and MA-treated promastigotes were also measured by routine UV absorbance reading. Electrophoresis on agarose gel was employed to analyze genomic DNA fragmentation. RESULTS GT demonstrated notable dose-dependent antileishmanial effects towards promastigotes and amastigotes of L. major. The IC50 values for GT against L. major promastigotes and amastigotes were 46.76 mM and 25.89 mM, respectively. GT was considerably safer towards murine macrophages than L. major amastigotes with an SI value of 3.17. Transcriptional expression of iNOS, JAK-1, Interleukin (IL-10), and TGF-β was meaningfully decreased, while the levels of metacaspase mRNA were increased. Results also confirmed GT antioxidant activities. Also, increased levels of intracellular ROS were observed upon treatment of promastigotes with GT. The gel electrophoresis result indicated slight DNA fragmentation in the treated promastigotes by both drugs. A weak hemolytic effect was also observed for GT. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that GT showed potent activity against L. major stages. It seems that its mechanism of action involves representing an immunomodulatory role towards upregulation of iNOS and JAK-1, while downregulation of IL-10 and TGF- β. Moreover, GT has an antioxidative potential and exerts its action through activating macrophages to kill the organism. Further in vivo and clinical studies are essential to explore its effect in future programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Nooshadokht
- Pathobiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran; Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mirzaei
- Pathobiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Iraj Sharifi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Sharifi
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahla Lashkari
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Comprehensive Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Bagher Amirheidari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Extremophile and Productive Microorganisms Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Arizmendi N, Alam SB, Azyat K, Makeiff D, Befus AD, Kulka M. The Complexity of Sesquiterpene Chemistry Dictates Its Pleiotropic Biologic Effects on Inflammation. Molecules 2022; 27:2450. [PMID: 35458648 PMCID: PMC9032002 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesquiterpenes (SQs) are volatile compounds made by plants, insects, and marine organisms. SQ have a large range of biological properties and are potent inhibitors and modulators of inflammation, targeting specific components of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway and nitric oxide (NO) generation. Because SQs can be isolated from over 1600 genera and 2500 species grown worldwide, they are an attractive source of phytochemical therapeutics. The chemical structure and biosynthesis of SQs is complex, and the SQ scaffold represents extraordinary structural variety consisting of both acyclic and cyclic (mono, bi, tri, and tetracyclic) compounds. These structures can be decorated with a diverse range of functional groups and substituents, generating many stereospecific configurations. In this review, the effect of SQs on inflammation will be discussed in the context of their complex chemistry. Because inflammation is a multifactorial process, we focus on specific aspects of inflammation: the inhibition of NF-kB signaling, disruption of NO production and modulation of dendritic cells, mast cells, and monocytes. Although the molecular targets of SQs are varied, we discuss how these pathways may mediate the effects of SQs on inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narcy Arizmendi
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, AB T6G 2A3, Canada
| | - Syed Benazir Alam
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, AB T6G 2A3, Canada
| | - Khalid Azyat
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, AB T6G 2A3, Canada
| | - Darren Makeiff
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, AB T6G 2A3, Canada
| | - A Dean Befus
- Alberta Respiratory Centre, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Marianna Kulka
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, AB T6G 2A3, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
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Anti-Inflammatory and Immunoregulatory Action of Sesquiterpene Lactones. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27031142. [PMID: 35164406 PMCID: PMC8839508 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesquiterpene lactones (SL), characterized by their high prevalence in the Asteraceae family, are one of the major groups of secondary metabolites found in plants. Researchers from distinct research fields, including pharmacology, medicine, and agriculture, are interested in their biological potential. With new SL discovered in the last years, new biological activities have been tested, different action mechanisms (synergistic and/or antagonistic effects), as well as molecular structure–activity relationships described. The review identifies the main sesquiterpene lactones with interconnections between immune responses and anti-inflammatory actions, within different cellular models as well in in vivo studies. Bioaccessibility and bioavailability, as well as molecular structure–activity relationships are addressed. Additionally, plant metabolic engineering, and the impact of sesquiterpene lactone extraction methodologies are presented, with the perspective of biological activity enhancement. Sesquiterpene lactones derivatives are also addressed. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the therapeutic potential of sesquiterpene lactones within immune and inflammatory activities, highlighting trends and opportunities for their pharmaceutical/clinical use.
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Abstract
Costunolide, a natural sesquiterpene lactone, has multiple pharmacological activities such as neuroprotection or induction of apoptosis and eryptosis. However, the effects of costunolide on pro-survival factors and enzymes in human erythrocytes, e.g. glutathione and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) respectively, have not been studied yet. Our aim was to determine the mechanisms underlying costunolide-induced eryptosis and to reverse this process. Phosphatidylserine exposure was estimated from annexin-V-binding, cell volume from forward scatter in flow cytometry, and intracellular glutathione [GSH]i from high performance liquid chromatography. The oxidized status of intracellular glutathione and enzyme activities were measured by spectrophotometry. Treatment of erythrocytes with costunolide dose-dependently enhanced the percentage of annexin-V-binding cells, decreased the cell volume, depleted [GSH]i and completely inhibited G6PDH activity. The effects of costunolide on annexin-V-binding and cell volume were significantly reversed by pre-treatment of erythrocytes with the specific PKC-α inhibitor chelerythrine. The latter, however, had no effect on costunolide-induced GSH depletion. Costunolide induces eryptosis, depletes [GSH]i and inactivates G6PDH activity. Furthermore, our study reveals an inhibitory effect of chelerythrine on costunolide-induced eryptosis, indicating a relationship between costunolide and PKC-α. In addition, chelerythrine acts independently of the GSH depletion. Understanding the mechanisms of G6PDH inhibition accompanied by GSH depletion should be useful for development of anti-malarial therapeutic strategies or for synthetic lethality-based approaches to escalate oxidative stress in cancer cells for their sensitization to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
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Kaden F, Nowotni S, Höfner F, Lorenz M, Barthel A, Jäger A, Hennersdorf F, Weigand JJ, Metz P. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of (−)‐Dehydrocostus Lactone by Domino Metathesis. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kaden
- Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie Organische Chemie I, Technische Universität Dresden Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Susanne Nowotni
- Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie Organische Chemie I, Technische Universität Dresden Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Franziska Höfner
- Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie Organische Chemie I, Technische Universität Dresden Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Melanie Lorenz
- Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie Organische Chemie I, Technische Universität Dresden Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - André Barthel
- Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie Organische Chemie I, Technische Universität Dresden Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Anne Jäger
- Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie Organische Chemie I, Technische Universität Dresden Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Felix Hennersdorf
- Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie Anorganische Molekülchemie, Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstraße 4 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Jan J. Weigand
- Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie Anorganische Molekülchemie, Technische Universität Dresden Mommsenstraße 4 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Peter Metz
- Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie Organische Chemie I, Technische Universität Dresden Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
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Matos MS, Anastácio JD, Nunes dos Santos C. Sesquiterpene Lactones: Promising Natural Compounds to Fight Inflammation. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13070991. [PMID: 34208907 PMCID: PMC8309091 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a crucial and complex process that reestablishes the physiological state after a noxious stimulus. In pathological conditions the inflammatory state may persist, leading to chronic inflammation and causing tissue damage. Sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) are composed of a large and diverse group of highly bioactive plant secondary metabolites, characterized by a 15-carbon backbone structure. In recent years, the interest in SLs has risen due to their vast array of biological activities beneficial for human health. The anti-inflammatory potential of these compounds results from their ability to target and inhibit various key pro-inflammatory molecules enrolled in diverse inflammatory pathways, and prevent or reduce the inflammatory damage on tissues. Research on the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of SLs has thrived over the last years, and numerous compounds from diverse plants have been studied, using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo assays. Besides their anti-inflammatory potential, their cytotoxicity, structure–activity relationships, and pharmacokinetics have been investigated. This review aims to gather the most relevant results and insights concerning the anti-inflammatory potential of SL-rich extracts and pure SLs, focusing on their effects in different inflammatory pathways and on different molecular players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie S. Matos
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (iBET), Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (M.S.M.); (J.D.A.)
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - José D. Anastácio
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (iBET), Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (M.S.M.); (J.D.A.)
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Nunes dos Santos
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (iBET), Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (M.S.M.); (J.D.A.)
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Jo DH, Lee S, Bak E, Cho CS, Han YT, Kim K, Suh YG, Kim JH. Antitumor Activity of Novel Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 Inhibitors on Retinoblastoma. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 100:63-72. [PMID: 34016717 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.120.000231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a plausible therapeutic target in the treatment of retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular malignant tumor in children. STAT3, a transcription factor of several genes related to tumorigenesis, is activated in retinoblastoma tumors as well as other cancers. In this study, we investigated the structure-activity relationship of a library of STAT3 inhibitors, including a novel series of derivatives of the previously reported compound with a Michael acceptor (compound 1). We chose two novel STAT3 inhibitors, compounds 11 and 15, from the library based on their inhibitory effects on the phosphorylation and transcription activity of STAT3. These STAT3 inhibitors effectively suppressed the phosphorylation of STAT3 and inhibited the expression of STAT3-related genes CCND1, CDKN1A, BCL2, BCL2L1, BIRC5, MYC, MMP1, MMP9, and VEGFA Intraocularly administered STAT3 inhibitors decreased the degree of tumor formation in the vitreous cavity of BALB/c nude mice of an orthotopic transplantation model. It is noteworthy that compounds 11 and 15 did not induce in vitro and in vivo toxicity on retinal constituent cells and retinal tissues, respectively, despite their potent antitumor effects. We suggest that these novel STAT3 inhibitors be used in the treatment of retinoblastoma. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The current study suggests the novel STAT3 inhibitors with Michael acceptors possess antitumor activity on retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular cancer in children. Based on detailed structure-activity relationship studies, we found a 4-fluoro and 3-trifluoro analog (compound 11) and a monochloro analog (compound 15) of the parental compound (compound 1) inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation, leading to suppressed retinoblastoma in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hyun Jo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (D.H.J.) Department of Ophthalmology (E.B., J.H.K.), and Department of Biomedical Sciences (J.H.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Pocheon-si, Republic of Korea (S.L., K.K., Y.-G.S.); Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea (C.S.C.); and College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea (Y.T.H.)
| | - Seungbeom Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (D.H.J.) Department of Ophthalmology (E.B., J.H.K.), and Department of Biomedical Sciences (J.H.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Pocheon-si, Republic of Korea (S.L., K.K., Y.-G.S.); Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea (C.S.C.); and College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea (Y.T.H.)
| | - Eunoo Bak
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (D.H.J.) Department of Ophthalmology (E.B., J.H.K.), and Department of Biomedical Sciences (J.H.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Pocheon-si, Republic of Korea (S.L., K.K., Y.-G.S.); Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea (C.S.C.); and College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea (Y.T.H.)
| | - Chang Sik Cho
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (D.H.J.) Department of Ophthalmology (E.B., J.H.K.), and Department of Biomedical Sciences (J.H.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Pocheon-si, Republic of Korea (S.L., K.K., Y.-G.S.); Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea (C.S.C.); and College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea (Y.T.H.)
| | - Young Taek Han
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (D.H.J.) Department of Ophthalmology (E.B., J.H.K.), and Department of Biomedical Sciences (J.H.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Pocheon-si, Republic of Korea (S.L., K.K., Y.-G.S.); Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea (C.S.C.); and College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea (Y.T.H.)
| | - Kyeojin Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (D.H.J.) Department of Ophthalmology (E.B., J.H.K.), and Department of Biomedical Sciences (J.H.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Pocheon-si, Republic of Korea (S.L., K.K., Y.-G.S.); Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea (C.S.C.); and College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea (Y.T.H.)
| | - Young-Ger Suh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (D.H.J.) Department of Ophthalmology (E.B., J.H.K.), and Department of Biomedical Sciences (J.H.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Pocheon-si, Republic of Korea (S.L., K.K., Y.-G.S.); Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea (C.S.C.); and College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea (Y.T.H.)
| | - Jeong Hun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology (D.H.J.) Department of Ophthalmology (E.B., J.H.K.), and Department of Biomedical Sciences (J.H.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Pocheon-si, Republic of Korea (S.L., K.K., Y.-G.S.); Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea (C.S.C.); and College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea (Y.T.H.)
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Chen L, Feng D, Qian Y, Cheng X, Song H, Qian Y, Zhang X, Wu Y, Lv H, Liu Q, Cheng G, Yang B, Gu M. Valtrate as a novel therapeutic agent exhibits potent anti-pancreatic cancer activity by inhibiting Stat3 signaling. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 85:153537. [PMID: 33744595 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Valtrate is a novel epoxy iridoid ester isolated from Chinese herbal medicine Valeriana jatamansi Jones with anti-proliferative activity against various human cancer cell lines. However, its efficacy and molecular mechanisms against pancreatic cancer (PC) cells are largely unclear. PURPOSE To investigate the anti-cancer effects of valtrate on PC cell lines and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS MTT assay was first performed to detect the effect of valtrate on cell viability in human PC cell lines and normal pancreatic epithelial cells HPDE. Cell apoptosis and cycle phase assay were detected by flow cytometry. The relative mRNA expressions of Bax, Bcl-2, c-Myc, and CyclinB1 were tested by quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay. The expression of relative proteins was detected by Western blotting (WB). A PANC-1luc cells xenograft mouse model in nu/nu female mice was used to elucidate the effect of valtrate on tumor growth in vivo. RESULTS Valtrate significantly inhibited the growth of PC cells without affecting the growth of normal pancreatic epithelial cells HPDE, induced significant apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase. Moreover, valtrate inhibited the tumor growth of PC cell PANC-1 in xenograft mice by 61%. Further mechanism study demonstrated that valtrate could increase the expression level of Bax, suppress Bcl-2 as well as c-Myc and Cyclin B1, inhibit the transcriptional activity of Stat3, while valtrate decreased the expression level of Stat3 and phosphated-Stat3 (Tyr705) and induced the high molecular aggregation of Stat3. Molecular docking analysis predicted that valtrate might interact with Cys712 of Stat3 protein. Valtrate could also induce a transient depleted intracellular glutathione (GSH) level and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS). NAC (N-acetylcysteine), a reducer reversed valtrate-induced the depletion of Stat3, p-Stat3, c-Myc, and Cyclin B1. CONCLUSION Valtrate exerts anti-cancer activity against PC cells by directly targeting Stat3 through a covalent linkage to inhibit Stat3 activity, which causes apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China; Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Di Feng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Yafang Qian
- The First Affiliation Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Xiao Cheng
- Huzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Huizhu Song
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Yifan Qian
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Yali Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Huawei Lv
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Gang Cheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
| | - Bo Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
| | - Mancang Gu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China; Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
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Hemistepsin a Induces Apoptosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Downregulating STAT3. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094743. [PMID: 33947048 PMCID: PMC8125382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemistepta lyrata (Bunge) Bunge is a biennial medicinal plant possessing beneficial effects including anti-inflammation, and hemistepsin A (HsA) isolated from H. lyrata has been known as a hepatoprotective sesquiterpene lactone. In this report, we explored the cytotoxic effects of H. lyrata on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and investigated the associated bioactive compounds and their relevant mechanisms. From the viability results of HCC cells treated with various H. lyrata extracts, HsA was identified as the major compound contributing to the H. lyrata-mediated cytotoxicity. HsA increased expression of cleaved PARP and cells with Sub-G1 phase, Annexin V binding, and TUNEL staining, which imply HsA induces apoptosis. In addition, HsA provoked oxidative stress by decreasing the reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio and accumulating reactive oxygen species and glutathione-protein adducts. Moreover, HsA inhibited the transactivation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) by its dephosphorylation at Y705 and glutathione conjugation. Stable expression of a constitutive active mutant of STAT3 prevented the reduction of cell viability by HsA. Finally, HsA enhanced the sensitivity of sorafenib-mediated cytotoxicity by exaggerating oxidative stress and Y705 dephosphorylation of STAT3. Therefore, HsA will be a promising candidate to induce apoptosis of HCC cells via downregulating STAT3 and sensitizing conventional chemotherapeutic agents.
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Role of protein S-Glutathionylation in cancer progression and development of resistance to anti-cancer drugs. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 704:108890. [PMID: 33894196 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The survival, functioning and proliferation of mammalian cells are highly dependent on the cellular response and adaptation to changes in their redox environment. Cancer cells often live in an altered redox environment due to aberrant neo-vasculature, metabolic reprogramming and dysregulated proliferation. Thus, redox adaptations are critical for their survival. Glutathione plays an essential role in maintaining redox homeostasis inside the cells by binding to redox-sensitive cysteine residues in proteins by a process called S-glutathionylation. S-Glutathionylation not only protects the labile cysteine residues from oxidation, but also serves as a sensor of redox status, and acts as a signal for stimulation of downstream processes and adaptive responses to ensure redox equilibrium. The present review aims to provide an updated overview of the role of the unique redox adaptations during carcinogenesis and cancer progression, focusing on their dependence on S-glutathionylation of specific redox-sensitive proteins involved in a wide range of processes including signalling, transcription, structural maintenance, mitochondrial functions, apoptosis and protein recycling. We also provide insights into the role of S-glutathionylation in the development of resistance to chemotherapy. Finally, we provide a strong rationale for the development of redox targeting drugs for treatment of refractory/resistant cancers.
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Kaden F, Metz P. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of the Guaianolide (-)-Dehydrocostus Lactone by Enediyne Metathesis. Org Lett 2021; 23:1344-1348. [PMID: 33528264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The hydroazulene core of the bioactive sesquiterpenoid (-)-dehydrocostus lactone was generated by domino enediyne metathesis. A triple hydroboration/oxidation of the resultant conjugated triene installed three out of four stereogenic centers of the target in a single step. The enantiopure acyclic metathesis substrate was readily available by an asymmetric anti aldol reaction. Masking of the γ-lactone as an acetal allowed for an efficient completion of the synthesis through late-stage double carbonyl olefination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kaden
- Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie, Organische Chemie I, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Metz
- Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie, Organische Chemie I, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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Inhibitory effects of cynaropicrin and related sesquiterpene lactones from leaves of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) on induction of iNOS in RAW264.7 cells and its high-affinity proteins. J Nat Med 2021; 75:381-392. [PMID: 33484417 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-020-01479-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The methanolic extract of the leaves of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) was found to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Among the constituents of the extract, six sesquiterpene lactones (cynaropicrin, grosheimin, 11β,13-dihydrocynaropicrin, 3β-hydroxy-8α-[(S)-3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionyloxy]guaia-4(15),10(14),11(13)-trien-1α,5α,6βH-12,6-olide, 3β-hydroxy-8α-[2-methoxymethyl-2-propenoyloxy]guaia-4(15),10(14),11(13)-trien-1α,5α,6βH-12,6-olide, and deacylcynaropicrin) inhibited NO production and/or inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induction. The acyl group having an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl group at the 8-position and the α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone moiety were important for the strong inhibitory activity. Our results suggested that these sesquiterpene lactones inhibited the LPS-induced iNOS expression via the suppression of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway in addition to the κNF-κB signaling pathway. With regard to the target molecules of the sesquiterpene lactones, high-affinity proteins of cynaropicrin were purified from the cell extract. ATP/ADP translocase 2 and tubulin were identified and suggested to be involved in the cytotoxic effects of cynaropicrin, although the target molecules for the inhibition of iNOS expression were not clarified.
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Fu Y, Zhu F, Ma Z, Lv B, Wang X, Dai C, Ma X, Liu P, Lv H, Chen X, Chen Z, Shen L. Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii Extracts Exert Antitumor Effects on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Multiple Myeloma by Inhibiting STAT3 Signaling. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:301-314. [PMID: 33469308 PMCID: PMC7811487 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s282334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii is an herb that possesses various ethnopharmacological applications. Herein, our current study focuses on the antitumor effect of a combination of physalins, which are regarded as the most representative secondary metabolites from calyces of Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii. Materials and Methods We mainly investigated the antitumor activity of the physalins extracted from Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii on both solid and hematologic cancers. The main cells used in this study were NCI-H1975 and U266 cells. The major assays used were the CCK-8 assay, Western blot analyses, immunofluorescence assay and Annexin V assay, and a xenograft mouse model was used. Results The results showed that physalins exhibited a strong antitumoural effect on both non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and multiple myeloma (MM) cells by suppressing constitutive STAT3 activity and further inhibiting the downstream target gene expression induced by STAT3 signaling, which resulted in the enhanced apoptosis of tumor cells. Moreover, physalins significantly reduced tumor growth in xenograft models of lung cancer. Conclusion Collectively, these findings demonstrated that the physalins from Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii may potentially act as cancer preventive or chemotherapeutic agents for NSCLC and MM by inhibiting the STAT3 signaling pathway. The present study served as a promising guide to further explore the precise mechanism of Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, Insititute of Cancer Research, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanfan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, Insititute of Cancer Research, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongjun Ma
- Institute of Marine Biology and Natural Products, Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Lv
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, Insititute of Cancer Research, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, Insititute of Cancer Research, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Dai
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, Insititute of Cancer Research, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, Insititute of Cancer Research, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, Insititute of Cancer Research, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Lv
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, Insititute of Cancer Research, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, Insititute of Cancer Research, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Shen
- Institute of Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Dai H, Sun T, Han T, Guo Z, Wang X, Chen Y. Aggregation behavior of zinc oxide nanoparticles and their biotoxicity to Daphnia magna: Influence of humic acid and sodium alginate. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110086. [PMID: 32846168 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The widespread applications of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have raised increasing concerns due to their adverse environmental effects. The ubiquitous natural organic matter in natural aqueous environments can interact with ZnO NPs, thereby affecting their aggregation, sedimentation and biotoxicity. Here, we systematically investigated the effects of humic acid (HA) and sodium alginate (SA) on the aggregation behavior of ZnO NPs and their biotoxicity to Daphnia magna. High concentrations (9.0 mg/L) of HA and SA accelerated the aggregation of ZnO NPs with maximum aggregation rates (ΔD/Δt) of 22.1 and 19.2 nm/min, respectively. Both HA and SA led to 31.2% and 30.1% decrease of ZnO NPs concentration compared with the control experiment. The results calculated by Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theoretical formula were consistent with these of aggregation and sedimentation of ZnO NPs. Furthermore, excitation-emission-matrix fluorescence spectroscopy verified that the carboxylic groups of HA and SA have high complexation capacity with ZnO NPs. Daphnia magna was used to evaluate the biotoxicity of ZnO NPs, and the toxicity of ZnO NPs to Daphnia magna was alleviated as the HA concentration increased from 0 to 1.2 mg/L. Toxicity mitigation experiments confirmed that photocatalytic generation of reactive oxygen species was more toxic to Daphnia magna than dissolved Zn2+ in acute and chronic toxicity tests. Moreover, the attacks of active oxygen free radical damaged the antioxidant system of Daphnia magna. The information obtained will help us to improve the understanding of the impacts of ZnO NPs on freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Dai
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, No. 2 Mengxi Road, Zhenjiang, 212018, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Tongshuai Sun
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, No. 2 Mengxi Road, Zhenjiang, 212018, China.
| | - Ting Han
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, No. 2 Mengxi Road, Zhenjiang, 212018, China.
| | - Zechong Guo
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, No. 2 Mengxi Road, Zhenjiang, 212018, China.
| | - Xingang Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, No. 2 Mengxi Road, Zhenjiang, 212018, China.
| | - Yong Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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24
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Butturini E, Carcereri de Prati A, Mariotto S. Redox Regulation of STAT1 and STAT3 Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197034. [PMID: 32987855 PMCID: PMC7582491 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
STAT1 and STAT3 are nuclear transcription factors that regulate genes involved in cell cycle, cell survival and immune response. The cross-talk between these signaling pathways determines how cells integrate the environmental signals received ultimately translating them in transcriptional regulation of specific sets of genes. Despite being activated downstream of common cytokine and growth factors, STAT1 and STAT3 play essentially antagonistic roles and the disruption of their balance directs cells from survival to apoptotic cell death or from inflammatory to anti-inflammatory responses. Different mechanisms are proposed to explain this yin-yang relationship. Considering the redox aspect of STATs proteins, this review attempts to summarize the current knowledge of redox regulation of STAT1 and STAT3 signaling focusing the attention on the post-translational modifications that affect their activity.
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25
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Piesche M, Roos J, Kühn B, Fettel J, Hellmuth N, Brat C, Maucher IV, Awad O, Matrone C, Comerma Steffensen SG, Manolikakes G, Heinicke U, Zacharowski KD, Steinhilber D, Maier TJ. The Emerging Therapeutic Potential of Nitro Fatty Acids and Other Michael Acceptor-Containing Drugs for the Treatment of Inflammation and Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1297. [PMID: 33013366 PMCID: PMC7495092 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitro fatty acids (NFAs) are endogenously generated lipid mediators deriving from reactions of unsaturated electrophilic fatty acids with reactive nitrogen species. Furthermore, Mediterranean diets can be a source of NFA. These highly electrophilic fatty acids can undergo Michael addition reaction with cysteine residues, leading to post-translational modifications (PTM) of selected regulatory proteins. Such modifications are capable of changing target protein function during cell signaling or in biosynthetic pathways. NFA target proteins include the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ), the pro-inflammatory and tumorigenic nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, the pro-inflammatory 5-lipoxygenases (5-LO) biosynthesis pathway as well as soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), which is essentially involved in the regulation of vascular tone. In several animal models of inflammation and cancer, the therapeutic efficacy of well-tolerated NFA has been demonstrated. This has already led to clinical phase II studies investigating possible therapeutic effects of NFA in subjects with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Albeit Michael acceptors feature a broad spectrum of bioactivity, they have for a rather long time been avoided as drug candidates owing to their presumed unselective reactivity and toxicity. However, targeted covalent modification of regulatory proteins by Michael acceptors became recognized as a promising approach to drug discovery with the recent FDA approvals of the cancer therapeutics, afatanib (2013), ibrutinib (2013), and osimertinib (2015). Furthermore, the Michael acceptor, neratinib, a dual inhibitor of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 and epidermal growth factor receptor, was recently approved by the FDA (2017) and by the EMA (2018) for the treatment of breast cancer. Finally, a number of further Michael acceptor drug candidates are currently under clinical investigation for pharmacotherapy of inflammation and cancer. In this review, we focus on the pharmacology of NFA and other Michael acceptor drugs, summarizing their potential as an emerging class of future antiphlogistics and adjuvant in tumor therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Piesche
- Biomedical Research Laboratories, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, Chile.,Oncology Center, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Jessica Roos
- Department of Safety of Medicinal Products and Medical Devices, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut (Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines), Langen, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Benjamin Kühn
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jasmin Fettel
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nadine Hellmuth
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Camilla Brat
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Isabelle V Maucher
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Omar Awad
- Department of Safety of Medicinal Products and Medical Devices, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut (Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines), Langen, Germany
| | - Carmela Matrone
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Simon Gabriel Comerma Steffensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Medicine Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Animal Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, Central University of Venezuela, Maracay, Venezuela
| | - Georg Manolikakes
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Technical University Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Ulrike Heinicke
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kai D Zacharowski
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thorsten J Maier
- Department of Safety of Medicinal Products and Medical Devices, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut (Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines), Langen, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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Abd El-Rahman GI, Behairy A, Elseddawy NM, Batiha GES, Hozzein WN, Khodeer DM, M. Abd-Elhakim Y. Saussurea lappa Ethanolic Extract Attenuates Triamcinolone Acetonide-Induced Pulmonary and Splenic Tissue Damage in Rats via Modulation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9050396. [PMID: 32397156 PMCID: PMC7278611 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9050396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In this era, worldwide interest has been directed towards using natural antioxidants to guard against drug side effects. Saussurea lappa is a famous medicinal plant with many biologically active compounds. Triamcinolone acetonide (TA) is an extensively used glucocorticoid. Hence, this study explored, for the first time, the possible beneficial effects of S. lappa ethanolic extract on TA-induced oxidative damage in the lung and spleen of rats. Methods: Five experimental groups were used: control group, S. lappa-treated group (600 mg/kg/day, orally), TA-treated group (40 mg/kg/twice/week I/P), S. lappa + TA co-treated group, and S. lappa/TA prophylactic group. Results: TA exposure significantly induced leukocytosis and neutrophilia. In addition, TA significantly reduced the levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-12, tumor necrosis factor α, and immunoglobulins. Lung Caspase-3 overexpression and splenic CD8+ downregulation were also noted in the TA group. TA treatment significantly increased malondialdehyde concentration but reduced superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities. S. lappa counteracted the TA oxidative and apoptotic effects. The best results were recorded in the prophylactic group. Conclusions:S. lappa has a remarkable protective effect via its anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant capacity. Thus, it could be a candidate as a natural antioxidant to face glucocorticoid’s harmful side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada I. Abd El-Rahman
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Amany Behairy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Nora M. Elseddawy
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519 Egypt;
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt;
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Wael N. Hozzein
- Bioproducts Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Dina M. Khodeer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Yasmina M. Abd-Elhakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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Ahmad R, Khan MA, Srivastava A, Gupta A, Srivastava A, Jafri TR, Siddiqui Z, Chaubey S, Khan T, Srivastava AK. Anticancer Potential of Dietary Natural Products: A Comprehensive Review. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:122-236. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666191015103712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nature is a rich source of natural drug-like compounds with minimal side effects. Phytochemicals
better known as “Natural Products” are found abundantly in a number of plants. Since time immemorial, spices
have been widely used in Indian cuisine as flavoring and coloring agents. Most of these spices and condiments
are derived from various biodiversity hotspots in India (which contribute 75% of global spice production) and
form the crux of India’s multidiverse and multicultural cuisine. Apart from their aroma, flavor and taste, these
spices and condiments are known to possess several medicinal properties also. Most of these spices are mentioned
in the Ayurveda, the indigenous system of medicine. The antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiproliferative,
antihypertensive and antidiabetic properties of several of these natural products are well documented in
Ayurveda. These phytoconstituemts are known to act as functional immunoboosters, immunomodulators as well
as anti-inflammatory agents. As anticancer agents, their mechanistic action involves cancer cell death via induction
of apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy. The present review provides a comprehensive and collective update
on the potential of 66 commonly used spices as well as their bioactive constituents as anticancer agents. The
review also provides an in-depth update of all major in vitro, in vivo, clinical and pharmacological studies done
on these spices with special emphasis on the potential of these spices and their bioactive constituents as potential
functional foods for prevention, treatment and management of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumana Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Mohsin A. Khan
- Chancellor, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Hardoi Road, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - A.N. Srivastava
- Department of Pathology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Anamika Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Aditi Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Tanvir R. Jafri
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Zainab Siddiqui
- Department of Pathology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Sunaina Chaubey
- Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Tahmeena Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Dasauli, P.O. Bas-ha, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, UP, India
| | - Arvind K. Srivastava
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
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Arslan ME, Türkez H, Mardinoğlu A. In vitro neuroprotective effects of farnesene sesquiterpene on alzheimer's disease model of differentiated neuroblastoma cell line. Int J Neurosci 2020; 131:745-754. [PMID: 32308094 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1754211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate neuroprotective properties of the farnesene sesquiterpene on the experimental Alzheimer's disease model in vitro. METHODS Human neuroblastoma cell line (SHSY-5Y) was differentiated into neuron-like cells by using retinoic acid to constitute the in vitro Alzheimer's Disease model. β-amyloid 1-42 protein was applied to the transformed cells for 24 and 48 hours in a wide dose ranges (3.125-200 μM) to establish AD cytotoxicity. Then, farnesene was applied to cell cultures in a wide spectrum dose interval (1.625-100 μg/ml) to investigate neuroprotective effect against β-amyloid for 24 and 48 hours. 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl) 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release tests were executed to determine cytotoxicity in the Alzheimer model. Nuclear DNA integrity of cells was examined under the fluorescent microscope using the Hoechst 33258 staining method. Furthermore, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidative status (TOS) levels were analyzed to understand the protection mechanism of the farnesene application on the cell culture model. Finally, flow cytometry analysis was used to find out the cell death mechanism after beta-amyloid and farnesene application to the cell culture. RESULTS Cell viability tests revealed significant neuroprotection against β-amyloid toxicity in both 24 and 48 hours and the Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining method showed a significant decrease in necrotic deaths after farnesene application in the cell cultures. Finally, flow cytometry analysis put forth that farnesene could decrease necrotic cell death up to 3-fold resulted from beta-amyloid exposure. CONCLUSION According to the investigations, farnesene can potentially be a safe, anti-necrotic and neuroprotective agents against Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Enes Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hasan Türkez
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.,Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Adil Mardinoğlu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
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29
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Qaddir I, Majeed A, Hussain W, Mahmood S, Rasool N. An in silico investigation of phytochemicals as potential inhibitors against non-structural protein 1 from dengue virus 4. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902020000117420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Qaddir
- University of Management and Technology, Pakistan
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30
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Kim SY, Heo S, Kim SH, Kwon M, Sung NJ, Ryu AR, Lee MY, Park SA, Youn HS. Suppressive effects of dehydrocostus lactone on the toll-like receptor signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 78:106075. [PMID: 31812722 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a group of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) that are at the core of innate and adaptive immune responses. TLRs activation triggers the activation of two downstream signaling pathways, the myeloid differential factor 88 (MyD88)- and toll-interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter inducing interferon-β (TRIF)-dependent pathways. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of DHL, a natural sesquiterpene lactone derived from Inulahelenium L. and Saussurea lappa, we examined its effect on signal transduction via the TLR signaling pathways. DHL inhibited the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), the representative transcription factors involved in the inflammatory response, induced by TLR agonists, as well as the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and interferon inducible protein-10. DHL also inhibited the activation of NF-κB and IRF3 induced by the overexpression of downstream signaling components of the TLRs signaling pathways. All results suggest that DHL might become a new therapeutic drug for a variety of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Yeon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghye Heo
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Han Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Ji Sung
- Department of Medical Science, SoonChunHyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - A-Reum Ryu
- Department of Medical Science, SoonChunHyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Young Lee
- Department of Medical Science, SoonChunHyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sin-Aye Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Sun Youn
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, SoonChunHyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea.
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Natural Sesquiterpene Lactones Enhance Chemosensitivity of Tumor Cells through Redox Regulation of STAT3 Signaling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4568964. [PMID: 31781335 PMCID: PMC6855087 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4568964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
STAT3 is a nuclear transcription factor that regulates genes involved in cell cycle, cell survival, and immune response. Although STAT3 activation drives cells to physiological response, its deregulation is often associated with the development and progression of many solid and hematological tumors as well as with drug resistance. STAT3 is a redox-sensitive protein, and its activation state is related to intracellular GSH levels. Under oxidative conditions, STAT3 activity is regulated by S-glutathionylation, a reversible posttranslational modification of cysteine residues. Compounds able to suppress STAT3 activation and, on the other hand, to modulate intracellular redox homeostasis may potentially improve cancer treatment outcome. Nowadays, about 35% of commercial drugs are natural compounds that derive from plant extracts used in phytotherapy and traditional medicine. Sesquiterpene lactones are an interesting chemical group of plant-derived compounds often employed in traditional medicine against inflammation and cancer. This review focuses on sesquiterpene lactones able to downmodulate STAT3 signaling leading to an antitumor effect and correlates the anti-STAT3 activity with their ability to decrease GSH levels in cancer cells. These properties make them lead compounds for the development of a new therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
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32
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Immunoprecipitation methods to identify S-glutathionylation in target proteins. MethodsX 2019; 6:1992-1998. [PMID: 31667096 PMCID: PMC6812339 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
S-glutathionylation is a reversible post-translational modification of proteins that generate a mixed disulfide between glutathione to thiolate anion of cysteine residues in target proteins. In the last ten years, S-glutathionylation has been extensively studied since it represents the cellular response to oxidative stress, in physiological as well as pathological conditions. This modification may be a protective mechanism from irreversible oxidative damage and, on the other hand, may modulate protein folding and function. Due to the importance of S-glutathionylation in cellular redox signaling, various methods have been developed to identify S-gluthationylated proteins. Herein, we describe two easy methods to recognized S-glutathionylation of a target protein after oxidative stress in cellular extracts based on different immunoprecipitation procedures. The immunoprecipitation assay allows the capture of one glutathionylated protein using a specific antibody that binds to the target protein. The presence of S-glutathionylation in the immunoprecipitated protein is identified using anti-glutathione antibody. The second type of approach is based on the detection of the glutathionylated protein with biotin/streptavidin technique. After different steps of protection of non-oxidized thiolic groups and reduction of S-glutathionylated groups, the newly-formed protein free-thiols are labeled with biotin-GSH. The modified protein can be isolate with streptavidin-beads and recognized using an antibody against target protein. •S-glutathionylation is a reversible post-translational modification of proteins that recently has been emerged as important signaling in the redox regulation of protein function.•Both methods to identify glutathionylated proteins are economic, easy and do not require particular equipment.•The setups of both methods guarantee high reproducibility.
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Costunolide-A Bioactive Sesquiterpene Lactone with Diverse Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122926. [PMID: 31208018 PMCID: PMC6627852 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sesquiterpene lactones constitute a major class of bioactive natural products. One of the naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactones is costunolide, which has been extensively investigated for a wide range of biological activities. Multiple lines of preclinical studies have reported that the compound possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, bone remodeling, neuroprotective, hair growth promoting, anticancer, and antidiabetic properties. Many of these bioactivities are supported by mechanistic details, such as the modulation of various intracellular signaling pathways involved in precipitating tissue inflammation, tumor growth and progression, bone loss, and neurodegeneration. The key molecular targets of costunolide include, but are not limited to, intracellular kinases, such as mitogen-activated protein kinases, Akt kinase, telomerase, cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases, and redox-regulated transcription factors, such as nuclear factor-kappaB, signal transducer and activator of transcription, activator protein-1. The compound also diminished the production and/expression of proinflammatory mediators, such as cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide, prostaglandins, and cytokines. This review provides an overview of the therapeutic potential of costunolide in the management of various diseases and their underlying mechanisms.
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Butturini E, Boriero D, Carcereri de Prati A, Mariotto S. STAT1 drives M1 microglia activation and neuroinflammation under hypoxia. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 669:22-30. [PMID: 31121156 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Microglia are resident immune cells that act as the first active defence in the central nervous system. These cells constantly monitor the tissue microenvironment and rapidly react in response to hypoxia, infection and injuries. Hypoxia in the brain has been detected in several neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. Hypoxic conditions activate microglia cells towards M1 phenotype resulting in oxidative stress and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Recently, we have demonstrated that oxidative stress induces S-glutathionylation of the STAT1 and hyper-activates its signaling in microglia BV2 cells pointing out the importance of this transcription factor in neuroinflammation. In this paper we analyse the cellular mechanisms that drive M1 microglia activation in BV2 cells in response to hypoxia correlating it to STAT1 activation. The analysis of the molecular mechanism of STAT1 signaling reveals that hypoxia generates oxidative stress and induces both phosphorylation and S-glutathionylation of STAT1 that are responsible of its aberrant activation. The silencing of STAT1 protein expression counteracts hypoxia-M1 microglia phenotype suggesting the strong link between hypoxia-STAT1 and STAT1-microglia activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Butturini
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Diana Boriero
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Carcereri de Prati
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sofia Mariotto
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Sheng W, Mao H, Wang C, Yang N, Zhang Z, Han J. Dehydrocostus Lactone Enhances Chemotherapeutic Potential of Doxorubicin in Lung Cancer by Inducing Cell Death and Limiting Metastasis. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:7850-7861. [PMID: 30388099 PMCID: PMC6228117 DOI: 10.12659/msm.911410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural compounds have been utilized in inhibiting metastasis alone or in combination with other anti-tumor agents. Dehydrocostus lactone (DHC), a natural sesquiterpene lactone, was used to investigate its effect on proliferation of lung cancer cells and on the anti-angiogenic efficacy of doxorubicin. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay and clonogenic assay. Apoptosis and migration were assessed by flow cytometry and wound-healing assay, respectively. Western blotting and qPCR were performed for gene and protein expression analysis. Matrigel plug assay was performed for angiogenesis assessment. RESULTS Results of the study show that DHC inhibited the survival and proliferation of lung cancer cells (A549 and H460) and enhanced the growth-inhibitory properties of DOX. Cotreatment of DHC enhanced the apoptosis-inducing effects of DOX by activating caspase-9 and caspase-3 followed by cleavage of PARP. Treatment of A549 and H460 cells with DHC caused suppression of HIF-1α, Akt and pAkt, GSK-3β and pGSK-3β, as well as ERK, pERK, mTOR, and p-mTOR. DHC enhanced the effect of DOX by inhibiting migration of A549 cells as observed by wound-healing assay. DHC caused synergistic inhibition of MMP-2 and MMP-9 genes when treated in combination with DOX. DHC further enhanced the anti-angiogenic properties of DOX in mice implanted with Matrigel plugs. DHC suppressed the proliferation of lung cancer cells and enhanced the anti-angiogenic properties of DOX. CONCLUSIONS The putative mechanism behind the metastasis-limiting effects of DHC may involve the suppression of Akt/GSK-3β and inhibition of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sheng
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Hongyan Mao
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Chuanxi Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Junqing Han
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
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Quintans JSS, Shanmugam S, Heimfarth L, Araújo AAS, Almeida JRGDS, Picot L, Quintans-Júnior LJ. Monoterpenes modulating cytokines - A review. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 123:233-257. [PMID: 30389585 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory response can be driven by cytokine production and is a pivotal target in the management of inflammatory diseases. Monoterpenes have shown that promising profile as agents which reduce the inflammatory process and also modulate the key chemical mediators of inflammation, such as pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The main interest focused on monoterpenes were to develop the analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs. In this review, we summarized current knowledge on monoterpenes that produce anti-inflammatory effects by modulating the release of cytokines, as well as suggesting that which monoterpenoid molecules may be most effective in the treatment of inflammatory disease. Several different inflammatory markers were evaluated as a target of monoterpenes. The proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were found TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-5, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 IL-13, IL-17A, IFNγ, TGF-β1 and IFN-γ. Our review found evidence that NF-κB and MAPK signaling are important pathways for the anti-inflammatory action of monoterpenes. We found 24 monoterpenes that modulate the production of cytokines, which appears to be the major pharmacological mechanism these compounds possess in relation to the attenuation of inflammatory response. Despite the compelling evidence supporting the anti-inflammatory effect of monoterpenes, further studies are necessary to fully explore their potential as anti-inflammatory compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jullyana S S Quintans
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Saravanan Shanmugam
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Luana Heimfarth
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Jackson R G da S Almeida
- Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants (NEPLAME), Federal University of San Francisco Valley (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Laurent Picot
- UMRi CNRS 7266 LIENSs, University of La Rochelle, 17042, La Rochelle, France
| | - Lucindo J Quintans-Júnior
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
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Babaei G, Aliarab A, Abroon S, Rasmi Y, Aziz SGG. Application of sesquiterpene lactone: A new promising way for cancer therapy based on anticancer activity. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:239-246. [PMID: 29966966 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most dangerous diseases that are rapidly increasing globally. After heart disease, it is the second leading cause of death, accounting for seven million deaths each year. Chemotherapy is the use of cytotoxic drugs on cancer cells. But the use of common chemotherapy drugs poses a problem due their high side effects and low efficacy. As a result, efforts are on to find new potent compounds with low side effects. The compounds extracted from plants have been studied in this regard due to their prevalence. Sesquiterpene lactones are a group of natural compounds that were first detected in Asteraceae dark plants. These compounds exercise their effects by reacting with functional groups available on proteins and enzymes, especially the thiol group. Owing to the high side effects as an antitumor synthetic drugs, efforts are being made to find drugs with high efficiency and low side effects. Their high structural ranges have attracted the attention of many researchers as a potential source of new anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghader Babaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Azadeh Aliarab
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Abroon
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Yusof Rasmi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Chen Z, Zhang D, Li M, Wang B. Costunolide ameliorates lipoteichoic acid-induced acute lung injury via attenuating MAPK signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 61:283-289. [PMID: 29906743 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lipoteichoic acid (LTA)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is an experimental model for mimicking Gram-positive bacteria-induced pneumonia that is a refractory disease with lack of effective medicines. Here, we reported that costunolide, a sesquiterpene lactone, ameliorated LTA-induced ALI. Costunolide treatment reduced LTA-induced neutrophil lung infiltration, cytokine and chemokine production (TNF-α, IL-6 and KC), and pulmonary edema. In response to LTA challenge, treatment with costunolide resulted less iNOS expression and produced less inflammatory cytokines in bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs). Pretreatment with costunolide also attenuated the LTA-induced the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and ERK in BMDMs. Furthermore, costunolide treatment reduced the phosphorylation of TAK1 and inhibited the interaction of TAK1 with Tab1. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that costunolide protects against LTA-induced ALI via inhibiting TAK1-mediated MAPK signaling pathway, and our studies suggest that costunolide is a promising agent for treatment of Gram-positive bacteria-mediated pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxu Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Research Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Man Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Baolong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
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Therapeutic journery of nitrogen mustard as alkylating anticancer agents: Historic to future perspectives. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 151:401-433. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Cai H, He X, Yang C. Costunolide promotes imatinib-induced apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukemia cells via the Bcr/Abl-Stat5 pathway. Phytother Res 2018; 32:1764-1769. [PMID: 29701267 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Costunolide, a sesquiterpene lactone, is a small molecular monomer extracted from Inula helenium (Compositae). In the present study, we assessed the antileukemia effects of costunolide on the human chronic myeloid leukemia cell line K562 and its combined activity with imatinib. A Cell Counting Kit-8 assay demonstrated that costunolide significantly inhibited K562 cell proliferation and enhanced imatinib-induced anti-proliferative activity. We found that costunolide significantly induced mitochondrial apoptosis in K562 cells by modulating the protein levels of Bcl-2 family members and by inducing caspase activation. Costunolide promoted imatinib-induced apoptosis via the Bcr/Abl-signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 pathway. Costunolide inhibited proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest in the G2 /M phase by decreasing cyclin B1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 expression and increasing p21 expression. Together, these results demonstrate that costunolide may be a potent therapeutic agent against chronic myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Cai
- Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiaolin He
- Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Chunhui Yang
- Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
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Pyun H, Kang U, Seo EK, Lee K. Dehydrocostus lactone, a sesquiterpene from Saussurea lappa Clarke, suppresses allergic airway inflammation by binding to dimerized translationally controlled tumor protein. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 43:46-54. [PMID: 29747753 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported that the biologically active form of histamine releasing factor (HRF) is dimerized translationally controlled tumor protein (dTCTP) which is involved in a number of allergic diseases. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE Hoping that agents that modulate dTCTP may provide new therapeutic targets to allergic inflammatory diseases, we screened a library of natural products for substances that inhibit dTCTP. One such inhibitor we found was dehydrocostus lactone (DCL), a natural sesquiterpene present in rhizome of Saussurea lappa Clarke, the subject of this study. METHODS We evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of DCL in a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic airway inflammation, employing the ELISA system using BEAS-2B cells and splenocytes, and confirmed that DCL interacts with dTCTP using SPR assay. RESULTS DCL inhibited dTCTP-induced secretion of IL-8 in BEAS-2B cells. From kinetic analysis of dTCTP and DCL, we found that KD value was 5.33 ± 0.03 μM between dTCTP and DCL. DCL also significantly reduced inflammatory lung eosinophilia, type 2 cytokines in BALF, as well as OVA specific IgE and mucus production in a mouse model of ovalbumin induced allergy. Moreover, DCL suppressed NF-κB activation. CONCLUSION DCL's therapeutic potential in allergic airway inflammation is based on its anti-inflammatory activity of suppressing the function of dTCTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haejun Pyun
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Unwoo Kang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyoung Seo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunglim Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
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Dehydrocostus lactone induces prominent apoptosis in kidney distal tubular epithelial cells and interstitial fibroblasts along with cell cycle arrest in ovarian epithelial cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 99:956-969. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Butturini E, Cozzolino F, Boriero D, Carcereri de Prati A, Monti M, Rossin M, Canetti D, Cellini B, Pucci P, Mariotto S. S-glutathionylation exerts opposing roles in the regulation of STAT1 and STAT3 signaling in reactive microglia. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 117:191-201. [PMID: 29427792 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
STAT1 and STAT3 are two transcription factors involved in a lot of cellular functions such as immune response, proliferation, apoptosis, and cell survival. A number of literature evidences described a yin-yang relationship between activation of STAT1 and STAT3 in neurodegenerative disorders where STAT1 exerts a pro-apoptotic effect whereas STAT3 shows neuroprotective properties through the inhibition of apoptosis. Although the role of oxidative-stress in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration is clearly described, its influence in the regulation of these pathways is poorly understood. Herein, we demonstrate that H2O2 rapidly induces phosphorylation of STAT1 whereas it is not able to influence phosphorylation of STAT3 in mouse microglia BV2 cells. The analysis of the molecular mechanism of STATs signaling reveals that H2O2 induces S-glutathionylation of both STAT1 and STAT3. The same post-translational event exerts an opposing role in the regulation of STAT1 and STAT3 signaling. These data not only confirm redox sensibility of STAT3 signaling but also reveal for the first time that STAT1 is susceptible to redox regulation. A deep study of the molecular mechanism of STAT1 redox regulation, identifies Cys324 and Cys492 as the main targets of S-glutathionylation and confirms that S-glutathionylation does not impair JAK2 mediated STAT1 tyrosine phosphorylation. These results demonstrate that both phosphorylation and glutathionylation contribute to activation of STAT1 during oxidative stress and underline that the same post-translation event exerts an opposing role in the regulation of STAT1 and STAT3 signaling in microglia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Butturini
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Flora Cozzolino
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate and Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples "Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Diana Boriero
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Carcereri de Prati
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Monti
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate and Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples "Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Rossin
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134 Verona, Italy; CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate and Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples "Federico II, Naples, Italy; Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy3
| | - Diana Canetti
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate and Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples "Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Cellini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy3
| | - Piero Pucci
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate and Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples "Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Sofia Mariotto
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134 Verona, Italy.
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Costunolide specifically binds and inhibits thioredoxin reductase 1 to induce apoptosis in colon cancer. Cancer Lett 2017; 412:46-58. [PMID: 29037867 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. A natural sesquiterpene lactone, costunolide (CTD), showed inhibition of cancer development. However, the underlying mechanisms are not known. Here, we have examined the therapeutic activity and novel mechanisms of the anti-cancer activities of CTD in colon cancer cells. Using SPR analysis and enzyme activity assay on recombinant TrxR1 protein, our results show that CTD directly binds and inhibits the activity of TrxR1, which caused enhanced generation of ROS and led to ROS-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress and cell apoptosis in colon cancer cells. Overexpression of TrxR1 in HCT116 cells reversed CTD-induced cell apoptosis and ROS increase. CTD treatment of mice implanted with colon cancer cells showed tumor growth inhibition and reduced TrxR1 activity and ROS level. In addition, it was observed that TrxR1 was significantly up-regulated in existing colon cancer gene database and clinically obtained colon cancer tissues. Our studies have uncovered the mechanism underlying the biological activity of CTD in colon cancer and suggest that targeting TrxR1 may prove to be beneficial as a treatment option.
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Singireesu SSNR, Misra S, Mondal SK, Yerramsetty S, Sahu N, K SB. Costunolide induces micronuclei formation, chromosomal aberrations, cytostasis, and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Cell Biol Toxicol 2017; 34:125-142. [PMID: 28914393 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-017-9411-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Costunolide (CE) is a sesquiterpene lactone well-known for its antihepatotoxic, antiulcer, and anticancer activities. The present study focused on the evaluation of the cytogenetic toxicity and cellular death-inducing potential of CE in CHO cells, an epithelial cell line derived from normal ovary cells of Chinese hamster. The cytotoxic effect denoting MTT assay has shown an IC50 value of 7.56 μM CE, where 50% proliferation inhibition occurs. The oxidative stress caused by CE was confirmed based on GSH depletion induced cell death, conspicuously absent in N-acetylcysteine (GSH precursor) pretreated cells. The evaluation of genotoxic effects of CE using cytokinesis block micronucleus assay and chromosomal aberration test has shown prominent induction of binucleated micronucleated cells and aberrant metaphases bearing chromatid and chromosomal breaks, indicating CE's clastogenic and aneugenic potential. The apoptotic death in CE treated cells was confirmed by an increase in the number of cells in subG1 phase, exhibiting chromatin condensation and membranous phosphatidylserine translocation. The apoptosis induction follows mitochondrial mediation, evident from an increase in the BAX/Bcl-2 ratio, caspase-3/7 activity, and mitochondrial membrane permeability. CE also induces cytostasis in addition to apoptosis, substantiated by the reduced cytokinetic (replicative indices) and mitotic (mitotic indices and histone H3 Ser-10 phosphorylation) activities. Overall, the cellular GSH depletion and potential genotoxic effects by CE led the CHO cells to commit apoptosis and lowered cell division. The observed sensitivity of CHO cells doubts unintended adverse effects of CE on normal healthy cells, suggesting higher essentiality of further studies in order to establish its safety efficacy in therapeutic explorations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sunil Misra
- Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Sujan Kumar Mondal
- Biomaterials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Suresh Yerramsetty
- Chemical Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Nivedita Sahu
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Suresh Babu K
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
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Wang J, Yu Z, Wang C, Tian X, Huo X, Wang Y, Sun C, Feng L, Ma J, Zhang B, Yang Q, Ma X, Xu Y. Dehydrocostus lactone, a natural sesquiterpene lactone, suppresses the biological characteristics of glioma, through inhibition of the NF-κB/COX-2 signaling pathway by targeting IKKβ. Am J Cancer Res 2017; 7:1270-1284. [PMID: 28670490 PMCID: PMC5489777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dehydrocostus lactone (DHE), a natural sesquiterpene lactone, has been used for treatment of various diseases with its anti-inflammatory activity. Recently, it has caused extensive interest in researchers due to it has anti-cancer abilities in some types of carcinomas. However, the anti-cancer effect and mechanism of DHE in glioma remains unclear. The present study conducted to determine the biological effects of DHE on the glioblastoma cells, as well as the mechanisms underlying these effects. After treatment with DHE, the glioblastoma (U118, U251 or U87) cells were significantly inhibited in their viability, proliferation and migration. At the meantime, DHE also induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis by promoting the release of cytochrome c into cytosol, which activating caspase signaling pathway. Furthermore, our results fully demonstrate that DHE significantly suppressed COX-2 expression by inhibiting the phosphorylation of IKKβ via targeting the ATP-binding site, thereby abrogating NF-κB binding and p300 recruitment to COX-2 promoter. Moreover, the current study firstly demonstrated that DHE can cross blood-brain barrier (BBB). In addition, treatment with DHE markedly inhibited neoplastic weight and volume without the notable adverse effects in the xenograft nude mice model, and these effects may be mediated through inhibition of the IKKβ/NF-κB/COX-2 signaling pathway. These findings provide the pharmacological evidence for development of DHE as a potential agent against glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinkui Wang
- The First Affliated Hospital & Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Drug Transport of Liaoning, College of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, 116044, China
| | - Zhenlong Yu
- The First Affliated Hospital & Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Drug Transport of Liaoning, College of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, 116044, China
| | - Chao Wang
- The First Affliated Hospital & Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Drug Transport of Liaoning, College of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiangge Tian
- The First Affliated Hospital & Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Drug Transport of Liaoning, College of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiaokui Huo
- The First Affliated Hospital & Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Drug Transport of Liaoning, College of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, 116044, China
| | - Yan Wang
- The First Affliated Hospital & Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Drug Transport of Liaoning, College of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, 116044, China
| | - Chengpeng Sun
- The First Affliated Hospital & Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Drug Transport of Liaoning, College of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, 116044, China
| | - Lei Feng
- The First Affliated Hospital & Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Drug Transport of Liaoning, College of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, 116044, China
| | - Jing Ma
- The First Affliated Hospital & Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Drug Transport of Liaoning, College of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, 116044, China
| | - Baojing Zhang
- The First Affliated Hospital & Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Drug Transport of Liaoning, College of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, 116044, China
| | - Qining Yang
- The First Affliated Hospital & Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Drug Transport of Liaoning, College of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiaochi Ma
- The First Affliated Hospital & Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Drug Transport of Liaoning, College of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, 116044, China
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Material Medical of State Administration of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangdong, China
| | - Yinghui Xu
- The First Affliated Hospital & Key Laboratory of Pharmacokinetic and Drug Transport of Liaoning, College of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical UniversityDalian, 116044, China
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Carcereri de Prati A, Butturini E, Rigo A, Oppici E, Rossin M, Boriero D, Mariotto S. Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells Enter Into Dormant State and Express Cancer Stem Cells Phenotype Under Chronic Hypoxia. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:3237-3248. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Carcereri de Prati
- Department of NeuroscienceBiomedicine and Movement SciencesSection of Biological ChemistryUniversity of VeronaStrada le Grazie 8Verona37134Italy
| | - Elena Butturini
- Department of NeuroscienceBiomedicine and Movement SciencesSection of Biological ChemistryUniversity of VeronaStrada le Grazie 8Verona37134Italy
| | - Antonella Rigo
- Department of MedicineSection of HematologyCancer Research and Cell Biology Laboratory University of VeronaPiazzale ScuroVerona37134Italy
| | - Elisa Oppici
- Department of NeuroscienceBiomedicine and Movement SciencesSection of Biological ChemistryUniversity of VeronaStrada le Grazie 8Verona37134Italy
| | - Michele Rossin
- Department of NeuroscienceBiomedicine and Movement SciencesSection of Biological ChemistryUniversity of VeronaStrada le Grazie 8Verona37134Italy
| | - Diana Boriero
- Department of NeuroscienceBiomedicine and Movement SciencesSection of Biological ChemistryUniversity of VeronaStrada le Grazie 8Verona37134Italy
| | - Sofia Mariotto
- Department of NeuroscienceBiomedicine and Movement SciencesSection of Biological ChemistryUniversity of VeronaStrada le Grazie 8Verona37134Italy
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Cai H, Qin X, Yang C. Dehydrocostus Lactone Suppresses Proliferation of Human Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells Through Bcr/Abl‐JAK/STAT Signaling Pathways. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:3381-3390. [PMID: 28300289 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Cai
- Clinical LaboratoryThe Second Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian116023P.R. China
| | - Xiaosong Qin
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang110004P.R. China
| | - Chunhui Yang
- Clinical LaboratoryThe Second Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian116023P.R. China
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Inhibition of interleukin-3- and interferon- α-induced JAK/STAT signaling by the synthetic α-X-2′,3,4,4′-tetramethoxychalcones α-Br-TMC and α-CF3-TMC. Biol Chem 2016; 397:1187-1204. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2016-0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The JAK/STAT pathway is an essential mediator of cytokine signaling, often upregulated in human diseases and therefore recognized as a relevant therapeutic target. We previously identified the synthetic chalcone α-bromo-2′,3,4,4′-tetramethoxychalcone (α-Br-TMC) as a novel JAK2/STAT5 inhibitor. We also found that treatment with α-Br-TMC resulted in a downward shift of STAT5 proteins in SDS-PAGE, suggesting a post-translational modification that might affect STAT5 function. In the present study, we show that a single cysteine within STAT5 is responsible for the α-Br-TMC-induced protein shift, and that this modification does not alter STAT5 transcriptional activity. We also compared the inhibitory activity of α-Br-TMC to that of another synthetic chalcone, α-trifluoromethyl-2′,3,4,4′-tetramethoxychalcone (α-CF3-TMC). We found that, like α-Br-TMC, α-CF3-TMC inhibits JAK2 and STAT5 phosphorylation in response to interleukin-3, however without altering STAT5 mobility in SDS-PAGE. Moreover, we demonstrate that both α-Br-TMC and α-CF3-TMC inhibit interferon-α-induced activation of STAT1 and STAT2, by inhibiting their phosphorylation and the expression of downstream interferon-stimulated genes. Together with the previous finding that α-Br-TMC and α-CF3-TMC inhibit the response to inflammation by inducing Nrf2 and blocking NF-κB activities, our data suggest that synthetic chalcones might be useful as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and immunomodulatory agents in the treatment of human diseases.
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Michl C, Vivarelli F, Weigl J, De Nicola GR, Canistro D, Paolini M, Iori R, Rascle A. The Chemopreventive Phytochemical Moringin Isolated from Moringa oleifera Seeds Inhibits JAK/STAT Signaling. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157430. [PMID: 27304884 PMCID: PMC4909285 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SFN) and moringin (GMG-ITC) are edible isothiocyanates present as glucosinolate precursors in cruciferous vegetables and in the plant Moringa oleifera respectively, and recognized for their chemopreventive and medicinal properties. In contrast to the well-studied SFN, little is known about the molecular pathways targeted by GMG-ITC. We investigated the ability of GMG-ITC to inhibit essential signaling pathways that are frequently upregulated in cancer and immune disorders, such as JAK/STAT and NF-κB. We report for the first time that, similarly to SFN, GMG-ITC in the nanomolar range suppresses IL-3-induced expression of STAT5 target genes. GMG-ITC, like SFN, does not inhibit STAT5 phosphorylation, suggesting a downstream inhibitory event. Interestingly, treatment with GMG-ITC or SFN had a limited inhibitory effect on IFNα-induced STAT1 and STAT2 activity, indicating that both isothiocyanates differentially target JAK/STAT signaling pathways. Furthermore, we showed that GMG-ITC in the micromolar range is a more potent inhibitor of TNF-induced NF-κB activity than SFN. Finally, using a cellular system mimicking constitutive active STAT5-induced cell transformation, we demonstrated that SFN can reverse the survival and growth advantage mediated by oncogenic STAT5 and triggers cell death, therefore providing experimental evidence of a cancer chemopreventive activity of SFN. This work thus identified STAT5, and to a lesser extent STAT1/STAT2, as novel targets of moringin. It also contributes to a better understanding of the biological activities of the dietary isothiocyanates GMG-ITC and SFN and further supports their apparent beneficial role in the prevention of chronic illnesses such as cancer, inflammatory diseases and immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Michl
- Stat5 Signaling Research Group, Institute of Immunology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Fabio Vivarelli
- Stat5 Signaling Research Group, Institute of Immunology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Molecular toxicology unit, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Julia Weigl
- Stat5 Signaling Research Group, Institute of Immunology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gina Rosalinda De Nicola
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria, Centro di ricerca per le colture industriali (CREA-CIN), Bologna, Italy
| | - Donatella Canistro
- Molecular toxicology unit, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Moreno Paolini
- Molecular toxicology unit, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Renato Iori
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria, Centro di ricerca per le colture industriali (CREA-CIN), Bologna, Italy
| | - Anne Rascle
- Stat5 Signaling Research Group, Institute of Immunology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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