1
|
Panchal NK, Mohanty S, Prince SE. NIMA-related kinase-6 (NEK6) as an executable target in cancer. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2023; 25:66-77. [PMID: 36074296 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02926-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a disease that develops when cells begin to divide uncontrollably and spreads to other parts of the body. Proliferation and invasion of cancerous cells are generally known to be influenced by cell cycle-related proteins in human malignancies. Therefore, in this review, we have emphasized on the serine/threonine kinase named NEK6. NEK6 is been deliberated to play a critical role in mitosis progression that includes mitotic spindle formation, metaphase to anaphase transition, and centrosome separation. Moreover, it has a mechanistic role in DNA repair and can cause apoptosis when inhibited. Past studies have connected NEK6 protein expression to cancer cell senescence. Besides, there are reports relating NEK6 to a range of malignancies including breast, lung, ovarian, prostate, kidney, liver, and others. Given its significance, this review attempts to describe the structural and functional aspects of NEK6 in various cellular processes, as well as how it is linked to different forms of cancer. Lastly, we have accentuated, on some of the plausible inhibitors that have been explored against NEK6 overexpression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagesh Kishan Panchal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, India
| | - Shruti Mohanty
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, India
| | - Sabina Evan Prince
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
In Mitosis You Are Not: The NIMA Family of Kinases in Aspergillus, Yeast, and Mammals. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23074041. [PMID: 35409400 PMCID: PMC8999480 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23074041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Never in mitosis gene A (NIMA) family of serine/threonine kinases is a diverse group of protein kinases implicated in a wide variety of cellular processes, including cilia regulation, microtubule dynamics, mitotic processes, cell growth, and DNA damage response. The founding member of this family was initially identified in Aspergillus and was found to play important roles in mitosis and cell division. The yeast family has one member each, Fin1p in fission yeast and Kin3p in budding yeast, also with functions in mitotic processes, but, overall, these are poorly studied kinases. The mammalian family, the main focus of this review, consists of 11 members named Nek1 to Nek11. With the exception of a few members, the functions of the mammalian Neks are poorly understood but appear to be quite diverse. Like the prototypical NIMA, many members appear to play important roles in mitosis and meiosis, but their functions in the cell go well beyond these well-established activities. In this review, we explore the roles of fungal and mammalian NIMA kinases and highlight the most recent findings in the field.
Collapse
|
3
|
Moonlighting in Mitosis: Analysis of the Mitotic Functions of Transcription and Splicing Factors. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061554. [PMID: 32604778 PMCID: PMC7348712 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Moonlighting proteins can perform one or more additional functions besides their primary role. It has been posited that a protein can acquire a moonlighting function through a gradual evolutionary process, which is favored when the primary and secondary functions are exerted in different cellular compartments. Transcription factors (TFs) and splicing factors (SFs) control processes that occur in interphase nuclei and are strongly reduced during cell division, and are therefore in a favorable situation to evolve moonlighting mitotic functions. However, recently published moonlighting protein databases, which comprise almost 400 proteins, do not include TFs and SFs with secondary mitotic functions. We searched the literature and found several TFs and SFs with bona fide moonlighting mitotic functions, namely they localize to specific mitotic structure(s), interact with proteins enriched in the same structure(s), and are required for proper morphology and functioning of the structure(s). In addition, we describe TFs and SFs that localize to mitotic structures but cannot be classified as moonlighting proteins due to insufficient data on their biochemical interactions and mitotic roles. Nevertheless, we hypothesize that most TFs and SFs with specific mitotic localizations have either minor or redundant moonlighting functions, or are evolving towards the acquisition of these functions.
Collapse
|
4
|
Vázquez-Arreguín K, Bensard C, Schell JC, Swanson E, Chen X, Rutter J, Tantin D. Oct1/Pou2f1 is selectively required for colon regeneration and regulates colon malignancy. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1007687. [PMID: 31059499 PMCID: PMC6522070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor Oct1/Pou2f1 promotes poised gene expression states, mitotic stability, glycolytic metabolism and other characteristics of stem cell potency. To determine the effect of Oct1 loss on stem cell maintenance and malignancy, we deleted Oct1 in two different mouse gut stem cell compartments. Oct1 deletion preserved homeostasis in vivo and the ability to establish organoids in vitro, but blocked the ability to recover from treatment with dextran sodium sulfate, and the ability to maintain organoids after passage. In a chemical model of colon cancer, loss of Oct1 in the colon severely restricted tumorigenicity. In contrast, loss of one or both Oct1 alleles progressively increased tumor burden in a colon cancer model driven by loss-of-heterozygosity of the tumor suppressor gene Apc. The different outcomes are consistent with prior findings that Oct1 promotes mitotic stability, and consistent with differentially expressed genes between the two models. Oct1 ChIPseq using HCT116 colon carcinoma cells identifies target genes associated with mitotic stability, metabolism, stress response and malignancy. This set of gene targets overlaps significantly with genes differentially expressed in the two tumor models. These results reveal that Oct1 is selectively required for recovery after colon damage, and that Oct1 has potent effects in colon malignancy, with outcome (pro-oncogenic or tumor suppressive) dictated by tumor etiology. Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Approximately 35% of diagnosed patients eventually succumb to disease. The high incidence and mortality due to colon cancer demand a better understanding of factors controlling the physiology and pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal tract. Previously, we and others showed that the widely expressed transcription factor Oct1 is expressed at higher protein levels in stem cells, including intestinal stem cells. Here we use deletion of a conditional mouse Oct1 (Pou2f1) allele in two different intestinal stem cell compartments to study gut homeostasis. We then proceed to investigate the effect of Oct1 loss in colon regeneration and malignancy. The results indicate that Oct1 loss is dispensable for maintenance of the mouse gut, but required for recovery after damage to the colon epithelium. We also find that Oct1 loss has opposing effects in two different mouse colon cancer models, and further that the two models are associated with different gene expression signatures. The differentially expressed genes are enriched for Oct1 targets, suggesting that differential gene control by Oct1 is one mechanism underlying the different outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Vázquez-Arreguín
- Department of Pathology and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Claire Bensard
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - John C. Schell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Eric Swanson
- Department of Pathology and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Xinjian Chen
- Department of Pathology and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Jared Rutter
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Dean Tantin
- Department of Pathology and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
MicroRNA-451 Inhibits Migration of Glioblastoma while Making It More Susceptible to Conventional Therapy. Noncoding RNA 2019; 5:ncrna5010025. [PMID: 30875963 PMCID: PMC6468936 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna5010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant glioblastoma (GBM, glioma) is the most common and aggressive primary adult brain tumor. The prognosis of GBM patients remains poor, despite surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. The major obstacles for successful remedy are invasiveness and therapy resistance of GBM cells. Invasive glioma cells leave primary tumor core and infiltrate surrounding normal brain leading to inevitable recurrence, even after surgical resection, radiation and chemotherapy. Therapy resistance allowing for selection of more aggressive and resistant sub-populations including GBM stem-like cells (GSCs) upon treatment is another serious impediment to successful treatment. Through their regulation of multiple genes, microRNAs can orchestrate complex programs of gene expression and act as master regulators of cellular processes. MicroRNA-based therapeutics could thus impact broad cellular programs, leading to inhibition of invasion and sensitization to radio/chemotherapy. Our data show that miR-451 attenuates glioma cell migration in vitro and invasion in vivo. In addition, we have found that miR-451 sensitizes glioma cells to conventional chemo- and radio-therapy. Our data also show that miR-451 is regulated in vivo by AMPK pathway and that AMPK/miR-451 loop has the ability to switch between proliferative and migratory pattern of glioma cells behavior. We therefore postulate that AMPK/miR-451 negative reciprocal feedback loop allows GBM cells/GSCs to adapt to tumor “ecosystem” by metabolic and behavioral flexibility, and that disruption of such a loop reduces invasiveness and diminishes therapy resistance.
Collapse
|
6
|
Pankratova EV, Stepchenko AG, Krylova ID, Portseva TN, Georgieva SG. The regulatory interplay between Oct-1 isoforms contributes to hematopoiesis and the isoforms imbalance correlates with a malignant transformation of B cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:29892-29905. [PMID: 30042821 PMCID: PMC6057458 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oct-1(POU2F1) is a DNA-binding transcription regulator and its level being highly increased in many human cancers. Oct-1 is present in the human cells as a family of functionally different isoforms which are transcribed from alternative promoters. Here, we have demonstrated that expression patterns of Oct-1 isoforms change during differentiation of hematopoetic progenitor cells (CD34+) (HPCs) to the B (CD19+) and T (CD3+) cells. While Oct-1L is expressed at a high level in the CD34+ HPCs, its expression level drops dramatically during the T-cell differentiation, although remains nearly the same in B-cells. We have described the novel human Oct-1R isoform which is conserved in mammals and is B cell-specific. Oct-1R was found in B cells, but not in HPCs. Oct-1R is transcribed from the same promoter as Oct-1L, another lymphocyte-specific isoform. Overexpression of Oct-1R and Oct-1L in the Namalwa cells leads to the repression of many genes involved in B-lymphocyte differentiation and signal transduction. Thus these isoforms may regulate the particular stages of development of normal B cells and maintain their proper differentiation status. However the extremely high level of Oct-1L isoform observed in the B-lymphoblast tumor cell lines indicated that the excess of Oct-L seem likely to considerably decrease the differentiation ability of these cells. Oct-1 may serve as a therapeutic target for many tumors, but it should be noted that in a tumor the content of a certain isoform Oct-1, rather than the total Oct-1 protein, can be increased.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Irina D. Krylova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana N. Portseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sofia G. Georgieva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Malik V, Zimmer D, Jauch R. Diversity among POU transcription factors in chromatin recognition and cell fate reprogramming. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:1587-1612. [PMID: 29335749 PMCID: PMC11105716 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2748-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The POU (Pit-Oct-Unc) protein family is an evolutionary ancient group of transcription factors (TFs) that bind specific DNA sequences to direct gene expression programs. The fundamental importance of POU TFs to orchestrate embryonic development and to direct cellular fate decisions is well established, but the molecular basis for this activity is insufficiently understood. POU TFs possess a bipartite 'two-in-one' DNA binding domain consisting of two independently folding structural units connected by a poorly conserved and flexible linker. Therefore, they represent a paradigmatic example to study the molecular basis for the functional versatility of TFs. Their modular architecture endows POU TFs with the capacity to accommodate alternative composite DNA sequences by adopting different quaternary structures. Moreover, associations with partner proteins crucially influence the selection of their DNA binding sites. The plentitude of DNA binding modes confers the ability to POU TFs to regulate distinct genes in the context of different cellular environments. Likewise, different binding modes of POU proteins to DNA could trigger alternative regulatory responses in the context of different genomic locations of the same cell. Prominent POU TFs such as Oct4, Brn2, Oct6 and Brn4 are not only essential regulators of development but have also been successfully employed to reprogram somatic cells to pluripotency and neural lineages. Here we review biochemical, structural, genomic and cellular reprogramming studies to examine how the ability of POU TFs to select regulatory DNA, alone or with partner factors, is tied to their capacity to epigenetically remodel chromatin and drive specific regulatory programs that give cells their identities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Malik
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
- Genome Regulation Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Dennis Zimmer
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
- Genome Regulation Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Ralf Jauch
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
- Genome Regulation Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tang X, Zhao Y, Buchon N, Engström Y. The POU/Oct Transcription Factor Nubbin Controls the Balance of Intestinal Stem Cell Maintenance and Differentiation by Isoform-Specific Regulation. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 10:1565-1578. [PMID: 29681543 PMCID: PMC5995344 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Drosophila POU/Oct transcription factors are required for many developmental processes, but their putative regulation of adult stem cell activity has not been investigated. Here, we show that Nubbin (Nub)/Pdm1, homologous to mammalian OCT1/POU2F1 and related to OCT4/POU5F1, is expressed in gut epithelium progenitor cells. We demonstrate that the nub-encoded protein isoforms, Nub-PB and Nub-PD, play opposite roles in the regulation of intestinal stem cell (ISC) maintenance and differentiation. Depletion of Nub-PB in progenitor cells increased ISC proliferation by derepression of escargot expression. Conversely, loss of Nub-PD reduced ISC proliferation, suggesting that this isoform is necessary for ISC maintenance, analogous to mammalian OCT4/POU5F1 functions. Furthermore, Nub-PB is required in enteroblasts to promote differentiation, and it acts as a tumor suppressor of Notch RNAi-driven hyperplasia. We suggest that a dynamic and well-tuned expression of Nub isoforms in progenitor cells is required for maintaining gut epithelium homeostasis. Drosophila nubbin (nub) is expressed in adult midgut progenitor cells The Nub-PB isoform drives differentiation and acts as a tumor suppressor The Nub-PD isoform maintains intestinal stem cell proliferation Nub-PD and Nub-PB regulate stem cell proliferation antagonistically
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiongzhuo Tang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
| | - Yunpo Zhao
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
| | - Nicolas Buchon
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Ylva Engström
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm 10691, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Vázquez-Arreguín K, Maddox J, Kang J, Park D, Cano RR, Factor RE, Ludwig T, Tantin D. BRCA1 through Its E3 Ligase Activity Regulates the Transcription Factor Oct1 and Carbohydrate Metabolism. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:439-452. [PMID: 29330289 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor BRCA1 regulates the DNA damage response (DDR) and other processes that remain incompletely defined. Among these, BRCA1 heterodimerizes with BARD1 to ubiquitylate targets via its N-terminal E3 ligase activity. Here, it is demonstrated that BRCA1 promotes oxidative metabolism by degrading Oct1 (POU2F1), a transcription factor with proglycolytic and tumorigenic effects. BRCA1 E3 ubiquitin ligase mutation skews cells toward a glycolytic metabolic profile while elevating Oct1 protein. CRISPR-mediated Oct1 deletion reverts the glycolytic phenotype. RNA sequencing (RNAseq) confirms deregulation of metabolic genes downstream of Oct1. BRCA1 mediates Oct1 ubiquitylation and degradation, and mutation of two ubiquitylated Oct1 lysines insulates the protein against BRCA1-mediated destabilization. Oct1 deletion in MCF-7 breast cancer cells does not perturb growth in standard culture, but inhibits growth in soft agar and xenograft assays. In primary breast cancer clinical specimens, Oct1 protein levels correlate positively with tumor aggressiveness and inversely with BRCA1. These results identify BRCA1 as an Oct1 ubiquitin ligase that catalyzes Oct1 degradation to promote oxidative metabolism and restrict tumorigenicity. Mol Cancer Res; 16(3); 439-52. ©2018 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Vázquez-Arreguín
- Department of Pathology and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Jessica Maddox
- Department of Pathology and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Jinsuk Kang
- Department of Pathology and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Dongju Park
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Reuben R Cano
- Department of Pathology and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Rachel E Factor
- Department of Pathology and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Thomas Ludwig
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Dean Tantin
- Department of Pathology and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Burla R, Carcuro M, Torre ML, Fratini F, Crescenzi M, D'Apice MR, Spitalieri P, Raffa GD, Astrologo L, Lattanzi G, Cundari E, Raimondo D, Biroccio A, Gatti M, Saggio I. The telomeric protein AKTIP interacts with A- and B-type lamins and is involved in regulation of cellular senescence. Open Biol 2017; 6:rsob.160103. [PMID: 27512140 PMCID: PMC5008010 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.160103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AKTIP is a shelterin-interacting protein required for replication of telomeric DNA. Here, we show that AKTIP biochemically interacts with A- and B-type lamins and affects lamin A, but not lamin C or B, expression. In interphase cells, AKTIP localizes at the nuclear rim and in discrete regions of the nucleoplasm just like lamins. Double immunostaining revealed that AKTIP partially co-localizes with lamin B1 and lamin A/C in interphase cells, and that proper AKTIP localization requires functional lamin A. In mitotic cells, AKTIP is enriched at the spindle poles and at the midbody of late telophase cells similar to lamin B1. AKTIP-depleted cells show senescence-associated markers and recapitulate several aspects of the progeroid phenotype. Collectively, our results indicate that AKTIP is a new player in lamin-related processes, including those that govern nuclear architecture, telomere homeostasis and cellular senescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romina Burla
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185, Italy Istituto Pasteur Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome 00185, Italy Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari CNR Roma, 00185, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Carcuro
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185, Italy
| | - Mattia La Torre
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Paola Spitalieri
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma 00133, Italy
| | - Grazia Daniela Raffa
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185, Italy
| | - Letizia Astrologo
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185, Italy
| | | | - Enrico Cundari
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari CNR Roma, 00185, Italy
| | - Domenico Raimondo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Sapienza, Università di Roma, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Annamaria Biroccio
- Unità di Oncogenomica ed Epigenetica, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Regina Elena, Roma 00144, Italy
| | - Maurizio Gatti
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185, Italy Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari CNR Roma, 00185, Italy
| | - Isabella Saggio
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185, Italy Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari CNR Roma, 00185, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Boubriak II, Malhas AN, Drozdz MM, Pytowski L, Vaux DJ. Stress-induced release of Oct-1 from the nuclear envelope is mediated by JNK phosphorylation of lamin B1. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177990. [PMID: 28542436 PMCID: PMC5443517 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear lamina can bind and sequester transcription factors (TFs), a function lost if the lamina is abnormal, with missing or mutant lamin proteins. We now show that TF sequestration is not all-or-nothing, but a dynamic physiological response to external signals. We show that the binding of the ubiquitous TF, Oct-1, to lamin B1 was reversed under conditions of cellular stress caused, inter alia, by the chemical methylating agent methylmethanesulfonate (MMS). A search for lamin B1 post-translational modifications that might mediate changes in Oct-1 binding using kinase inhibitors uncovered a role for c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Phosphoproteomic and site-directed mutagenesis analyses of lamin B1 isolated from control and MMS-treated nuclei identified T575 as a JNK site phosphorylated after stress. A new phospho-T575 specific anti-peptide antibody confirmed increased interphase cellular T575 phosphorylation after cell exposure to certain stress conditions, enabling us to conclude that lamin B1 acts as an interphase kinase target, releasing Oct-1 to execute a protective response to stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan I. Boubriak
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ashraf N. Malhas
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marek M. Drozdz
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lior Pytowski
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Vaux
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pankratova EV, Stepchenko AG, Portseva T, Mogila VA, Georgieva SG. Different N-terminal isoforms of Oct-1 control expression of distinct sets of genes and their high levels in Namalwa Burkitt's lymphoma cells affect a wide range of cellular processes. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:9218-9230. [PMID: 27407111 PMCID: PMC5100579 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Oct-1 transcription factor has various functions in gene regulation. Its expression level is increased in several types of cancer and is associated with poor survival prognosis. Here we identified distinct Oct-1 protein isoforms in human cells and compared gene expression patterns and functions for Oct-1A, Oct-1L, and Oct-1X isoforms that differ by their N-terminal sequences. The longest isoform, Oct-1A, is abundantly expressed and is the main Oct-1 isoform in most of human tissues. The Oct-1L and the weakly expressed Oct-1X regulate the majority of Oct-1A targets as well as additional sets of genes. Oct-1X controls genes involved in DNA replication, DNA repair, RNA processing, and cellular response to stress. The high level of Oct-1 isoforms upregulates genes related to cell cycle progression and activates proliferation both in Namalwa Burkitt's lymphoma cells and primary human fibroblasts. It downregulates expression of genes related to antigen processing and presentation, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, oxidative metabolism, and cell adhesion, thus facilitating pro-oncogenic processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta V Pankratova
- Department of Transcription Factors, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 32, Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Alexander G Stepchenko
- Department of Transcription Factors, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 32, Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Tatiana Portseva
- Department of Transcription Factors, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 32, Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Vladic A Mogila
- Department of Transcription Factors, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 32, Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Sofia G Georgieva
- Department of Transcription Factors, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 32, Moscow 119991 Russia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Portseva TN, Pankratova EV, Stepchenko AG, Georgieva SG. Increased level of Oct-1 protein in tumor cells modulates cellular response to anticancer drugs. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2016; 469:269-72. [PMID: 27599509 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672916040098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The effect of overexpression of Oct-1 protein isoforms on the cell response to two anticancer drugs camptothecin and dexamethasone was studied. The effect of Oct-1 isoforms on regulated gene transcription was estimated by the difference in the level of mRNA in Burkitt's lymphoma cells (Namalwa line) untransfected and stably transfected with Oct-1 isoforms. The response to anticancer drugs of the Oct-1 target genes involved in the development of apoptosis depended, firstly, on the type of drug, secondly, on the concentration of Oct-1 in cells. and, thirdly, on the Oct-1 isoform with which these cells were transfected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T N Portseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - E V Pankratova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - A G Stepchenko
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - S G Georgieva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 32, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Vázquez-Arreguín K, Tantin D. The Oct1 transcription factor and epithelial malignancies: Old protein learns new tricks. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2016; 1859:792-804. [PMID: 26877236 PMCID: PMC4880489 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Revised: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The metazoan-specific POU domain transcription factor family comprises activities underpinning developmental processes such as embryonic pluripotency and neuronal specification. Some POU family proteins efficiently bind an 8-bp DNA element known as the octamer motif. These proteins are known as Oct transcription factors. Oct1/POU2F1 is the only widely expressed POU factor. Unlike other POU factors it controls no specific developmental or organ system. Oct1 was originally described to operate at target genes associated with proliferation and immune modulation, but more recent results additionally identify targets associated with oxidative and cytotoxic stress resistance, metabolic regulation, stem cell function and other unexpected processes. Oct1 is pro-oncogenic in multiple contexts, and several recent reports provide broad evidence that Oct1 has prognostic and therapeutic value in multiple epithelial tumor settings. This review focuses on established and emerging roles of Oct1 in epithelial tumors, with an emphasis on mechanisms of transcription regulation by Oct1 that may underpin these findings. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The Oct Transcription Factor Family, edited by Dr. Dean Tantin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Vázquez-Arreguín
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Dean Tantin
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shin J, Kim TW, Kim H, Kim HJ, Suh MY, Lee S, Lee HT, Kwak S, Lee SE, Lee JH, Jang H, Cho EJ, Youn HD. Aurkb/PP1-mediated resetting of Oct4 during the cell cycle determines the identity of embryonic stem cells. eLife 2016; 5:e10877. [PMID: 26880562 PMCID: PMC4798952 DOI: 10.7554/elife.10877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotency transcription programs by core transcription factors (CTFs) might be reset during M/G1 transition to maintain the pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). However, little is known about how CTFs are governed during cell cycle progression. Here, we demonstrate that the regulation of Oct4 by Aurora kinase b (Aurkb)/protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) during the cell cycle is important for resetting Oct4 to pluripotency and cell cycle genes in determining the identity of ESCs. Aurkb phosphorylates Oct4(S229) during G2/M phase, leading to the dissociation of Oct4 from chromatin, whereas PP1 binds Oct4 and dephosphorylates Oct4(S229) during M/G1 transition, which resets Oct4-driven transcription for pluripotency and the cell cycle. Aurkb phosphor-mimetic and PP1 binding-deficient mutations in Oct4 alter the cell cycle, effect the loss of pluripotency in ESCs, and decrease the efficiency of somatic cell reprogramming. Our findings provide evidence that the cell cycle is linked directly to pluripotency programs in ESCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihoon Shin
- National Creative Research Center for Epigenome Reprogramming Network, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Wan Kim
- National Creative Research Center for Epigenome Reprogramming Network, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsoo Kim
- National Creative Research Center for Epigenome Reprogramming Network, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ji Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Suh
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangho Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Teo Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sojung Kwak
- National Creative Research Center for Epigenome Reprogramming Network, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Eun Lee
- National Creative Research Center for Epigenome Reprogramming Network, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyuk Lee
- National Creative Research Center for Epigenome Reprogramming Network, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyonchol Jang
- Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Duk Youn
- National Creative Research Center for Epigenome Reprogramming Network, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ansari KI, Ogawa D, Rooj AK, Lawler SE, Krichevsky AM, Johnson MD, Chiocca EA, Bronisz A, Godlewski J. Glucose-based regulation of miR-451/AMPK signaling depends on the OCT1 transcription factor. Cell Rep 2015; 11:902-909. [PMID: 25937278 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In aggressive, rapidly growing solid tumors such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), cancer cells face frequent dynamic changes in their microenvironment, including the availability of glucose and other nutrients. These challenges require that tumor cells have the ability to adapt in order to survive periods of nutrient/energy starvation. We have identified a reciprocal negative feedback loop mechanism in which the levels of microRNA-451 (miR-451) are negatively regulated through the phosphorylation and inactivation of its direct transcriptional activator OCT1 by 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which is activated by glucose depletion-induced metabolic stress. Conversely, in a glucose-rich environment, unrestrained expression of miR-451 suppresses AMPK pathway activity. These findings uncover miR-451 as a major effector of glucose-regulated AMPK signaling, allowing tumor cell adaptation to variations in nutrient availability in the tumor microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khairul I Ansari
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvey Cushing Neuro-oncology Laboratories, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daisuke Ogawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvey Cushing Neuro-oncology Laboratories, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Kagawa University Hospital, Miki-cho, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Arun K Rooj
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvey Cushing Neuro-oncology Laboratories, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sean E Lawler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvey Cushing Neuro-oncology Laboratories, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anna M Krichevsky
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mark D Johnson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvey Cushing Neuro-oncology Laboratories, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - E Antonio Chiocca
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvey Cushing Neuro-oncology Laboratories, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Agnieszka Bronisz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvey Cushing Neuro-oncology Laboratories, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Jakub Godlewski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvey Cushing Neuro-oncology Laboratories, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Meirelles GV, Perez AM, de Souza EE, Basei FL, Papa PF, Melo Hanchuk TD, Cardoso VB, Kobarg J. “Stop Ne(c)king around”: How interactomics contributes to functionally characterize Nek family kinases. World J Biol Chem 2014; 5:141-160. [PMID: 24921005 PMCID: PMC4050109 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v5.i2.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aside from Polo and Aurora, a third but less studied kinase family involved in mitosis regulation is the never in mitosis-gene A (NIMA)-related kinases (Neks). The founding member of this family is the sole member NIMA of Aspergillus nidulans, which is crucial for the initiation of mitosis in that organism. All 11 human Neks have been functionally assigned to one of the three core functions established for this family in mammals: (1) centrioles/mitosis; (2) primary ciliary function/ciliopathies; and (3) DNA damage response (DDR). Recent findings, especially on Nek 1 and 8, showed however, that several Neks participate in parallel in at least two of these contexts: primary ciliary function and DDR. In the core section of this in-depth review, we report the current detailed functional knowledge on each of the 11 Neks. In the discussion, we return to the cross-connections among Neks and point out how our and other groups’ functional and interactomics studies revealed that most Neks interact with protein partners associated with two if not all three of the functional contexts. We then raise the hypothesis that Neks may be the connecting regulatory elements that allow the cell to fine tune and synchronize the cellular events associated with these three core functions. The new and exciting findings on the Nek family open new perspectives and should allow the Neks to finally claim the attention they deserve in the field of kinases and cell cycle biology.
Collapse
|
18
|
Bian Z, Liao H, Zhang Y, Wu Q, Zhou H, Yang Z, Fu J, Wang T, Yan L, Shen D, Li H, Tang Q. Never in mitosis gene A related kinase-6 attenuates pressure overload-induced activation of the protein kinase B pathway and cardiac hypertrophy. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96095. [PMID: 24763737 PMCID: PMC3999101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy appears to be a specialized form of cellular growth that involves the proliferation control and cell cycle regulation. NIMA (never in mitosis, gene A)-related kinase-6 (Nek6) is a cell cycle regulatory gene that could induce centriole duplication, and control cell proliferation and survival. However, the exact effect of Nek6 on cardiac hypertrophy has not yet been reported. In the present study, the loss- and gain-of-function experiments were performed in Nek6 gene-deficient (Nek6−/−) mice and Nek6 overexpressing H9c2 cells to clarify whether Nek6 which promotes the cell cycle also mediates cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiac hypertrophy was induced by transthoracic aorta constriction (TAC) and then evaluated by echocardiography, pathological and molecular analyses in vivo. We got novel findings that the absence of Nek6 promoted cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction, which were accompanied by a significant activation of the protein kinase B (Akt) signaling in an experimental model of TAC. Consistent with this, the overexpression of Nek6 prevented hypertrophy in H9c2 cells induced by angiotonin II and inhibited Akt signaling in vitro. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the cell cycle regulatory gene Nek6 is also a critical signaling molecule that helps prevent cardiac hypertrophy and inhibits the Akt signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhouyan Bian
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Haihan Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Jinrong Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Teng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Ling Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Difei Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Qizhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Regulation of the transcriptional activation of the androgen receptor by the UXT-binding protein VHL. Biochem J 2013; 456:55-66. [PMID: 23961993 DOI: 10.1042/bj20121711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Loss and/or inactivation of the VHL (von Hippel-Lindau) tumour suppressor causes various tumours. Using a yeast two-hybrid system, we have identified the AR (androgen receptor) co-activator UXT (ubiquitously expressed transcript), as a VHL-interacting protein. GST pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation assays show that UXT interacts with VHL. In addition, UXT recruits VHL to the nucleus. VHL associates with the DBD (DNA-binding domain) and hinge domains of the AR and induces AR ubiquitination. Moreover, VHL interaction with the AR activates AR transactivation upon DHT (dihydrotestosterone) treatment. VHL knockdown inhibits AR ubiquitination and decreases transcriptional activation of the AR. Our data suggest that the VHL-UXT interaction and VHL-induced ubiquitination of AR regulate transcriptional activation of the AR.
Collapse
|
20
|
Tantin D. Oct transcription factors in development and stem cells: insights and mechanisms. Development 2013; 140:2857-66. [PMID: 23821033 DOI: 10.1242/dev.095927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The POU domain family of transcription factors regulates developmental processes ranging from specification of the early embryo to terminal differentiation. About half of these factors display substantial affinity for an 8 bp DNA site termed the octamer motif, and are hence known as Oct proteins. Oct4 (Pou5f1) is a well-known Oct factor, but there are other Oct proteins with varied and essential roles in development. This Primer outlines our current understanding of Oct proteins and the regulatory mechanisms that govern their role in developmental processes and concludes with the assertion that more investigation into their developmental functions is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dean Tantin
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Krylova ID, Portseva TN, Georgieva SG, Stepchenko AG, Pankratova EV. New mRNA isoform of Oct-1 transcription factor is transcribed from alternative promoter. Mol Biol 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893313040080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
22
|
Chandrasekharan S, Kandasamy KK, Dayalan P, Ramamurthy V. Estrogen induced concentration dependent differential gene expression in human breast cancer (MCF7) cells: role of transcription factors. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 437:475-81. [PMID: 23845903 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.06.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer cells respond to estrogen in a concentration dependent fashion, resulting in proliferation or apoptosis. The mechanism of this concentration dependent differential outcome is not well understood yet. METHODOLOGY Meta-analysis of the expression data of MCF7 cells treated with low (1nM) or high (100nM) dose of estradiol (E2) was performed. We identified genes differentially expressed at the low or the high dose, and examined the nature of regulatory elements in the vicinity of these genes. Specifically, we looked for the difference in the presence, abundance and spatial distribution of binding sites for estrogen receptor (ER) and selected transcription factors (TFs) in the genomic region up to 25kb upstream and downstream from the transcription start site (TSS) of these genes. RESULTS It was observed that at high dose E2 induced the expression of stress responsive genes, while at low dose, genes involved in cell cycle were induced. We found that the occurrence of transcription factor binding regions (TFBRs) for certain factors such as Sp1 and SREBP1 were higher on regulatory regions of genes expressed at low dose. At high concentration of E2, genes with a higher frequency of Oct-1 binding regions were predominantly involved. In addition, there were differences in the spatial distribution pattern of the TFBRs in the genomic regions among the two sets of genes. DISCUSSION E2 induced predominantly proliferative/metabolic response at low concentrations; but at high concentration, stress-rescue responses were induced. At high E2 concentration, classical genomic pathway involving ER binding to the regulatory regions was reduced, and alternate or indirect activation of genes through Oct-1 became more prominent.
Collapse
|
23
|
Portseva TN, Krylova ID, Georgieva SG, Stepchenko AG, Pankratova EV. New alternative promoter in regulation of the Oct-1 human gene transcription. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2013; 449:72-4. [PMID: 23657650 DOI: 10.1134/s160767291302004x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, the presence of a new alternative promoter in the gene of the oct-1 transcription factor from which a previously unknown mRNA isoform Oct-1X, with 5'-terminus different from the previously described isoforms, was demonstrated. The nucleotide sequence of the Oct-1X cDNA was determined and the presence of a long open reading frame which starts with the first ATG codon of the second exon was demonstrated. A protein shortened on its N-terminus is assumed to be the product of a new mRNA isoform. Expression of the new isoform was studied in various human cell lines; the results indicate the ubiquitous nature of the Oct-1X expression. Therefore, in the work, the third alternative promoter of human oct-1 gene (earlier, a ubiquitous promoter U and an inducible tissue-specific promoter L were described) contributing to the fine regulation of mRNA isoform synthesis and formation of structural and functional diversity of Oct-1 protein isoforms in cells was revealed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T N Portseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kang J, Shen Z, Lim JM, Handa H, Wells L, Tantin D. Regulation of Oct1/Pou2f1 transcription activity by O-GlcNAcylation. FASEB J 2013; 27:2807-17. [PMID: 23580612 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-220897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The Oct1 transcription factor is a potent regulator of stress responses, metabolism, and tumorigenicity. Although Oct1 is regulated by phosphorylation and ubiquitination, the presence and importance of other modifications is unknown. Here we show that Oct1 is modified by O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) moieties. We map two sites of O-GlcNAcylation at positions T255 and S728 within human Oct1. Under anchorage-independent overgrowth conditions, Oct1 associates 3-fold more strongly with the Gadd45a promoter and mediates transcriptional repression. Increased binding correlates with quantitative reductions in Oct1 nuclear periphery-associated puncta, and a reduced association with lamin B1. The O-GlcNAc modification sites are important for both Gadd45a repression and anchorage-independent survival. In contrast to chronic overgrowth conditions, following acute nutrient starvation Oct1 mediates Gadd45a activation. The O-GlcNAc sites are also important for Gadd45a activation under these conditions. We also, for the first time, identify specific Oct1 ubiquitination sites. The findings suggest that Oct1 integrates metabolic and stress signals via O-GlcNAc modification to regulate target gene activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinsuk Kang
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Maddox J, Shakya A, South S, Shelton D, Andersen JN, Chidester S, Kang J, Gligorich KM, Jones DA, Spangrude GJ, Welm BE, Tantin D. Transcription factor Oct1 is a somatic and cancer stem cell determinant. PLoS Genet 2012; 8:e1003048. [PMID: 23144633 PMCID: PMC3493455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Defining master transcription factors governing somatic and cancer stem cell identity is an important goal. Here we show that the Oct4 paralog Oct1, a transcription factor implicated in stress responses, metabolic control, and poised transcription states, regulates normal and pathologic stem cell function. Oct1HI cells in the colon and small intestine co-express known stem cell markers. In primary malignant tissue, high Oct1 protein but not mRNA levels strongly correlate with the frequency of CD24LOCD44HI cancer-initiating cells. Reducing Oct1 expression via RNAi reduces the proportion of ALDHHI and dye effluxHI cells, and increasing Oct1 increases the proportion of ALDHHI cells. Normal ALDHHI cells harbor elevated Oct1 protein but not mRNA levels. Functionally, we show that Oct1 promotes tumor engraftment frequency and promotes hematopoietic stem cell engraftment potential in competitive and serial transplants. In addition to previously described Oct1 transcriptional targets, we identify four Oct1 targets associated with the stem cell phenotype. Cumulatively, the data indicate that Oct1 regulates normal and cancer stem cell function. Understanding the mechanisms that control stem cell function is a fundamental prerequisite both for the full application of stem cells to regenerative medicine and for a full understanding of the relationship between stem cells and cancer. In this study we show that a transcription factor known as Oct1 is a central regulator of normal and cancer stem cell function. We show that high Oct1 levels are associated with stem cells in multiple normal and malignant settings. Altering Oct1 expression, up or down, correspondingly alters multiple stem cell parameters, as well as stem cell function. We highlight known and identify new target genes Oct1 binds to that are consistent with a role in stem cell function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Maddox
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Arvind Shakya
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Samuel South
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Dawne Shelton
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Jared N. Andersen
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Stephanie Chidester
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Jinsuk Kang
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Keith M. Gligorich
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - David A. Jones
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Gerald J. Spangrude
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Bryan E. Welm
- Department of Surgery, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Dean Tantin
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|