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Mkhize SA, Manilall A, Mokotedi L, Gunter S, Michel FS. Involvement of pentraxin-3 in the development of hypertension but not left ventricular hypertrophy in male spontaneously hypertensive rats. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e70086. [PMID: 39414396 PMCID: PMC11483509 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.70086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 09/26/2024] [Accepted: 10/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertension drives the development of concentric left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). However, the relative contribution of pentraxin-3 (PTX-3), a novel marker for inflammatory cardiovascular disease, in the hypertrophic response to pressure overload has not been adequately elucidated. We investigated the role of PTX-3 in the development of LVH in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), untreated and treated with either captopril (an ACE inhibitor) or hydralazine (a non-specific vasodilator). Three-month-old SHR received either 20 mg/kg/day hydralazine (SHR + H, n = 6), 40 mg/kg/day captopril (SHR + C, n = 6), or plain gelatine cubes (untreated SHR, n = 7) orally for 4 months. Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY, n = 7) were used as the normotensive controls. Blood pressure (BP) was measured using the tail-cuff method. Cardiac geometry and function were determined using M-mode echocardiography. Circulating concentrations of inflammatory markers were measured in plasma by ELISA. LV fibrosis and cardiomyocyte width were assessed by histology. Relative mRNA expression of PTX-3 was determined in the LV by RT-PCR. Untreated SHR exhibited greater systolic BP and relative wall thickness (RWT) compared to WKY. Captopril and hydralazine normalized BP but only captopril reversed RWT in SHR. Circulating PTX-3 and VCAM-1 levels were elevated in untreated SHR and reduced with captopril and hydralazine. Circulating PTX-3 was positively associated with systolic BP but lacked independent relations with indices of LVH. LV relative mRNA expression of PTX-3 was similar between the groups. PTX-3 may not be involved in the development of LVH in SHR, but plausibly reflects the localized inflammatory milieu associated with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siluleko A. Mkhize
- Integrated Molecular Physiology Research Initiative, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of PhysiologyUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Ashmeetha Manilall
- Integrated Molecular Physiology Research Initiative, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of PhysiologyUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Lebogang Mokotedi
- Integrated Molecular Physiology Research Initiative, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of PhysiologyUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineSefako Makgatho Health Sciences UniversityPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Sule Gunter
- Integrated Molecular Physiology Research Initiative, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of PhysiologyUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
- Department of Health Sciences and MedicineBond UniversityGold CoastQueenslandAustralia
| | - Frederic S. Michel
- Integrated Molecular Physiology Research Initiative, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of PhysiologyUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
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Knapp M, Gil-Mika M, Sawicki R, Lisowska A, Kaminski M, Sobkowicz B, Ptaszynska K. Pentraxin 3 as a marker of development and severity of stable coronary artery disease. Adv Med Sci 2024; 69:391-397. [PMID: 39074553 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2024.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inflammation plays a crucial role in the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is produced at the site of inflammation and has been identified as a specific marker of atherosclerosis, vascular inflammation, and progression of the coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of the study was to establish if PTX3 has potential relations with classical markers of cardiovascular risk, and if PTX3 may act as an independent risk factor of CAD occurrence and advancement. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 98 patients with stable CAD confirmed in coronary angiography (CAD group) (median age 65 interquartile range [IQR] 61-72 years; 72 % men). The control group consisted of 40 patients without CAD. RESULTS The CAD group had significantly higher PTX3 concentration compared to the control group. There was a correlation with age, male gender, lipid profile and intima-media thickness. There was no correlation between PTX3 concentration and the number of coronary vessels with significant atherosclerotic lesions and the advancement of atherosclerotic lesions on the Gensini scoring scale. The cut-off point was determined for 0.89 ng/ml for the exclusion of angiographically significant atherosclerotic lesions. CONCLUSIONS Patients with CAD have significantly higher concentration of PTX3. There was no correlation between PTX3 and the advancement of angiographically significant atherosclerotic lesions in coronary arteries. Low PTX3 concentration may serve as an indicator for the absence of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Knapp
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Ul. M. Sklodowskiej 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Monika Gil-Mika
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Ul. M. Sklodowskiej 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Robert Sawicki
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Ul. M. Sklodowskiej 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Lisowska
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Ul. M. Sklodowskiej 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marcin Kaminski
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Ul. M. Sklodowskiej 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Bozena Sobkowicz
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Ul. M. Sklodowskiej 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ptaszynska
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Ul. M. Sklodowskiej 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland
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Lazzaroni F, Meessen JMTA, Sun Y, Lanfranconi S, Scola E, D'Alessandris QG, Tassi L, Carriero MR, Castori M, Marino S, Blanda A, Nicolis EB, Novelli D, Calabrese R, Agnelli NM, Bottazzi B, Leone R, Mazzola S, Besana S, Catozzi C, Nezi L, Lampugnani MG, Malinverno M, Grdseloff N, Rödel CJ, Rezai Jahromi B, Bolli N, Passamonti F, Magnusson PU, Abdelilah-Seyfried S, Dejana E, Latini R. Circulating biomarkers in familial cerebral cavernous malformation. EBioMedicine 2024; 99:104914. [PMID: 38113759 PMCID: PMC10767159 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral Cavernous Malformation (CCM) is a rare cerebrovascular disease, characterized by the presence of multiple vascular malformations that may result in intracerebral hemorrhages (ICHs), seizure(s), or focal neurological deficits (FND). Familial CCM (fCCM) is due to loss of function mutations in one of the three independent genes KRIT1 (CCM1), Malcavernin (CCM2), or Programmed Cell death 10 (PDCD10/CCM3). The aim of this study was to identify plasma protein biomarkers of fCCM to assess the severity of the disease and predict its progression. METHODS Here, we have investigated plasma samples derived from n = 71 symptomatic fCCM patients (40 female/31 male) and n = 17 healthy donors (HD) (9 female/8 male) of the Phase 1/2 Treat_CCM trial, using multiplexed protein profiling approaches. FINDINGS Biomarkers as sCD14 (p = 0.00409), LBP (p = 0.02911), CXCL4 (p = 0.038), ICAM-1 (p = 0.02013), ANG2 (p = 0.026), CCL5 (p = 0.00403), THBS1 (p = 0.0043), CRP (p = 0.0092), and HDL (p = 0.027), were significantly different in fCCM compared to HDs. Of note, sENG (p = 0.011), THBS1 (p = 0.011) and CXCL4 (p = 0.011), were correlated to CCM genotype. sROBO4 (p = 0.014), TM (p = 0.026) and CRP (p = 0.040) were able to predict incident adverse clinical events, such as ICH, FND or seizure. GDF-15, FLT3L, CXCL9, FGF-21 and CDCP1, were identified as predictors of the formation of new MRI-detectable lesions over 2-year follow-up. Furthermore, the functional relevance of ang2, thbs1, robo4 and cdcp1 markers was validated by zebrafish pre-clinical model of fCCM. INTERPRETATION Overall, our study identifies a set of biochemical parameters to predict CCM progression, suggesting biological interpretations and potential therapeutic approaches to CCM disease. FUNDING Italian Medicines Agency, Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (AIRC), ERC, Leducq Transatlantic Network of Excellence, Swedish Research Council.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Lazzaroni
- Vascular Biology Unit, IFOM ETS-The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy; Hematology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - Jennifer M T A Meessen
- Department of Acute Brain and Cardiovascular Injury, Institute for Pharmacological Research Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Silvia Lanfranconi
- Department of Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Scola
- Department of Neurology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Quintino Giorgio D'Alessandris
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Laura Tassi
- Claudio Munari Epilepsy Surgery Centre, ASST Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Carriero
- Cerebrovascular Disease Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Castori
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Silvia Marino
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", Messina, Italy
| | - Adriana Blanda
- Department of Acute Brain and Cardiovascular Injury, Institute for Pharmacological Research Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico B Nicolis
- Department of Acute Brain and Cardiovascular Injury, Institute for Pharmacological Research Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Deborah Novelli
- Department of Acute Brain and Cardiovascular Injury, Institute for Pharmacological Research Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Calabrese
- Department of Acute Brain and Cardiovascular Injury, Institute for Pharmacological Research Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicolò M Agnelli
- Department of Acute Brain and Cardiovascular Injury, Institute for Pharmacological Research Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Selene Mazzola
- Laboratory Medicine, Desio Hospital, Università Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Besana
- Laboratory Medicine, Desio Hospital, Università Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlotta Catozzi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Luigi Nezi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria G Lampugnani
- Vascular Biology Unit, IFOM ETS-The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy; Department of Acute Brain and Cardiovascular Injury, Institute for Pharmacological Research Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Malinverno
- Vascular Biology Unit, IFOM ETS-The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Nastasja Grdseloff
- Department of Zoophysiology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | - Claudia J Rödel
- Department of Zoophysiology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Niccolò Bolli
- Hematology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Passamonti
- Hematology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Peetra U Magnusson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Salim Abdelilah-Seyfried
- Department of Zoophysiology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | - Elisabetta Dejana
- Vascular Biology Unit, IFOM ETS-The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy; Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Roberto Latini
- Department of Acute Brain and Cardiovascular Injury, Institute for Pharmacological Research Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Yazdani AN, Pletsch M, Chorbajian A, Zitser D, Rai V, Agrawal DK. Biomarkers to monitor the prognosis, disease severity, and treatment efficacy in coronary artery disease. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2023; 21:675-692. [PMID: 37772751 PMCID: PMC10615890 DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2023.2264779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a prevalent condition characterized by the presence of atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries of the heart. The global burden of CAD has increased significantly over the years, resulting in millions of deaths annually and making it the leading health-care expenditure and cause of mortality in developed countries. The lack of cost-effective strategies for monitoring the prognosis of CAD warrants a pressing need for accurate and efficient markers to assess disease severity and progression for both reducing health-care costs and improving patient outcomes. AREA COVERED To effectively monitor CAD, prognostic biomarkers and imaging techniques play a vital role in risk-stratified patients during acute treatment and over time. However, with over 1,000 potential markers of interest, it is crucial to identify the key markers with substantial utility in monitoring CAD progression and evaluating therapeutic interventions. This review focuses on identifying and highlighting the most relevant markers for monitoring CAD prognosis and disease severity. We searched for relevant literature using PubMed and Google Scholar. EXPERT OPINION By utilizing the markers discussed, health-care providers can improve patient care, optimize treatment plans, and ultimately reduce health-care costs associated with CAD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armand N. Yazdani
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766
| | - Michaela Pletsch
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766
| | - Abraham Chorbajian
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766
| | - David Zitser
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766
| | - Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766
| | - Devendra K. Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766
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Long Pentraxin 3 as a New Biomarker for Diagnosis of Hip and Knee Periprosthetic Joint Infections. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12031055. [PMID: 36769703 PMCID: PMC9917747 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12031055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preoperative diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) poses an unmet clinical challenge. The long pentraxin PTX3 is a component of the innate immune system involved in infection immunity. This study evaluated the potential of synovial and plasmatic PTX3 in the diagnosis of hip and knee PJIs. METHODS Consecutive total hip and knee arthroplasty (THA/TKA) revisions were prospectively included and classified as septic or aseptic according to the European Bone and Joint Infection Society (EBJIS) and Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) criteria. The concentration of PTX3 in plasma and synovial fluid samples was measured with ELISA. The AUC, threshold value, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios were calculated using the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve method. RESULTS The study population included 128 patients (94 THAs; 34 TKAs). The AUC of the synovial PTX3 based on EBJIS criteria was 0.85 (p < 0.0001), with a sensitivity of 81.13% and a specificity of 93.33%. The AUC based on MSIS criteria was 0.95 (p < 0.001), with a sensitivity of 91.43% and a specificity of 89.25%. Plasmatic PTX3 failed to discriminate infected from non-infected patients. CONCLUSIONS Synovial PTX3 demonstrated an excellent diagnostic potential in hip and knee PJIs, with a very high specificity irrespective of the diagnostic criteria for PJI.
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Mehta JK, Kaur G, Buttar HS, Bagabir HA, Bagabir RA, Bagabir SA, Haque S, Tuli HS, Telessy IG. Role of the renin-angiotensin system in the pathophysiology of coronary heart disease and heart failure: Diagnostic biomarkers and therapy with drugs and natural products. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1034170. [PMID: 36909245 PMCID: PMC9995912 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1034170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a pivotal role in blood pressure regulation. In some cases, this steering mechanism is affected by various deleterious factors (mainly via the overactivation of the RAS) causing cardiovascular damage, including coronary heart disease (CHD) that can ultimately lead to chronic heart failure (CHF). This not only causes cardiovascular disability and absenteeism from work but also imposes significant healthcare costs globally. The incidence of cardiovascular diseases has escalated exponentially over the years with the major outcome in the form of CHD, stroke, and CHF. The involvement of the RAS in various diseases has been extensively researched with significant limelight on CHD. The RAS may trigger a cascade of events that lead to atherosclerotic mayhem, which causes CHD and related aggravation by damaging the endothelial lining of blood vessels via various inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways. Although there are various diagnostic tests and treatments available in the market, there is a constant need for the development of procedures and therapeutic strategies that increase patient compliance and reduce the associated side effects. This review highlights the advances in the diagnostic and treatment domains for CHD, which would help in subjugating the side effects caused by conventional therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinit K Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, India
| | - Ginpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, India
| | - Harpal S Buttar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Hala Abubaker Bagabir
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania Abubaker Bagabir
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sali Abubaker Bagabir
- Genetics Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.,Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hardeep S Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Ambala, India
| | - Istvan G Telessy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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Khalil H. Traditional and novel diagnostic biomarkers for acute myocardial infarction. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43162-022-00178-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of death worldwide. The first hours of acute myocardial infarction are correlated with the highest risk of death. Therefore, early diagnosis of the infarction seriously affects the efficacy of the treatment administered to the patient. Misdiagnosing patients with chest pain often leads to inappropriate admission of them as acute myocardial infarction patients. The physical examination of the patient, the electrocardiogram, and the assessment of cardiac biomarkers all play an important role in the early diagnosis of acute ischemia, along with the patient's medical history.
Main body
The present review highlights a number of different biomarkers that are released and elevated in blood during an acute myocardial infarction.
Conclusions
Analysis of cardiac biomarkers has become the first-line diagnostic tool used in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Novel markers of acute myocardial infarction, when added to routinely used markers, can provide added value not only in the earlier detection of acute myocardial infarction but also in monitoring the clinical progress of the disease, predicting its consequences, evaluating its prognosis, detecting recurrence, and managing its treatment. This leads to a lower mortality rate associated with acute myocardial infarction.
cMyC, IMA, S100, and MicroRNAs can serve as markers of early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, whereas myeloperoxidase, sCD40L, PAPPA, and TNF-α can be used to monitor the clinical progress of the disease. In addition, H-FABP, GDF-15, F2 isoprostanes, and ST2 can serve as predictors of AMI complications and mortality. Copeptin, ST2, and SIRT can be useful as prognostic markers of acute myocardial infarction.
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Lapadula G, Leone R, Bernasconi DP, Biondi A, Rossi E, D’Angiò M, Bottazzi B, Bettini LR, Beretta I, Garlanda C, Valsecchi MG, Mantovani A, Bonfanti P. Long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) levels predict death, intubation and thrombotic events among hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Front Immunol 2022; 13:933960. [PMID: 36389697 PMCID: PMC9651085 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.933960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PTX3 is an important mediator of inflammation and innate immunity. We aimed at assessing its prognostic value in a large cohort of patients hospitalized with COVID-19. METHODS Levels of PTX3 were measured in 152 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 at San Gerardo Hospital (Monza, Italy) since March 2020. Cox regression was used to identify predictors of time from admission to in-hospital death or mechanical ventilation. Crude incidences of death were compared between patients with PTX3 levels higher or lower than the best cut-off estimated with the Maximally Selected Rank Statistics Method. RESULTS Upon admission, 22% of the patients required no oxygen, 46% low-flow oxygen, 30% high-flow nasal cannula or CPAP-helmet and 3% MV. Median level of PTX3 was 21.7 (IQR: 13.5-58.23) ng/ml. In-hospital mortality was 25% (38 deaths); 13 patients (8.6%) underwent MV. PTX3 was associated with risk of death (per 10 ng/ml, HR 1.08; 95%CI 1.04-1.11; P<0.001) and death/MV (HR 1.04; 95%CI 1.01-1.07; P=0.011), independently of other predictors of in-hospital mortality, including age, Charlson Comorbidity Index, D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP). Patients with PTX3 levels above the optimal cut-off of 39.32 ng/ml had significantly higher mortality than the others (55% vs 8%, P<0.001). Higher PTX3 plasma levels were found in 14 patients with subsequent thrombotic complications (median [IQR]: 51.4 [24.6-94.4] versus 21 [13.4-55.2]; P=0.049). CONCLUSIONS High PTX3 levels in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 are associated with a worse outcome. The evaluation of this marker could be useful in prognostic stratification and identification of patients who could benefit from immunomodulant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lapadula
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Department of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Davide Paolo Bernasconi
- Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging Center - B4, University of Milano–Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, European Reference Network (ERN) PaedCan, EuroBloodNet, MetabERN Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma (MBBM)/Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Emanuela Rossi
- Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging Center - B4, University of Milano–Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariella D’Angiò
- Department of Pediatrics, European Reference Network (ERN) PaedCan, EuroBloodNet, MetabERN Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma (MBBM)/Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Laura Rachele Bettini
- Department of Pediatrics, European Reference Network (ERN) PaedCan, EuroBloodNet, MetabERN Fondazione Monza e Brianza per il Bambino e la sua Mamma (MBBM)/Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Ilaria Beretta
- Department of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Valsecchi
- Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging Center - B4, University of Milano–Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Bonfanti
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Department of Infectious Diseases, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
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Thupakula S, Nimmala SSR, Ravula H, Chekuri S, Padiya R. Emerging biomarkers for the detection of cardiovascular diseases. Egypt Heart J 2022; 74:77. [PMID: 36264449 PMCID: PMC9584006 DOI: 10.1186/s43044-022-00317-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been continuously increasing, and this trend is projected to continue. CVD is rapidly becoming a significant public health issue. Every year there is a spike in hospital cases of CVD, a critical health concern in lower- and middle-income countries. Based on identification of novel biomarkers, it would be necessary to study and evaluate the diagnostic requirements or CVD to expedite early detection. Main body The literature review was written using a wide range of sources, such as well-known medical journals, electronic databases, manuscripts, texts, and other writings from the university library. After that, we analysed the specific markers of CVD and compiled a systematic review. A growing body of clinical research aims to identify people who are at risk for cardiovascular disease by looking for biomolecules. A small number of biomarkers have been shown to be useful and reliable in medicine. Biomarkers can be used for a variety of clinical applications, such as predicting heart disease risk, diagnosing disease, or predicting outcomes. As a result of the ability for a single molecule to act as a biomarker, its usefulness in medicine is expected to increase significantly. Conclusions Based on assessing the current trends in the application of CVD markers, we discussed and described the requirements for the application of CVD biomarkers in coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, rheumatic heart disease, and other cardiovascular illnesses. Furthermore, the current review focuses on biomarkers for CVD and the procedures that should be considered to establish the comprehensive nature of the expression of biomarkers for cardiovascular illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreenu Thupakula
- grid.412419.b0000 0001 1456 3750Department of Biochemistry, Osmania University, Amberpet, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007 India
| | - Shiva Shankar Reddy Nimmala
- grid.412419.b0000 0001 1456 3750Department of Biochemistry, Osmania University, Amberpet, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007 India
| | - Haritha Ravula
- grid.18048.350000 0000 9951 5557Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gopanpalle, Hyderabad, Telangana 500019 India
| | - Sudhakar Chekuri
- grid.412419.b0000 0001 1456 3750Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Amberpet, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007 India
| | - Raju Padiya
- grid.412419.b0000 0001 1456 3750Department of Biochemistry, Osmania University, Amberpet, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007 India
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10
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Davoudian S, Piovani D, Desai A, Mapelli SN, Leone R, Sironi M, Valentino S, Silva-Gomes R, Stravalaci M, Asgari F, Madera A, Piccinini D, Fedeli C, Comina D, Bonovas S, Voza A, Mantovani A, Bottazzi B. A cytokine/PTX3 prognostic index as a predictor of mortality in sepsis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:979232. [PMID: 36189302 PMCID: PMC9521428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.979232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundEarly prognostic stratification of patients with sepsis is a difficult clinical challenge. Aim of this study was to evaluate novel molecules in association with clinical parameters as predictors of 90-days mortality in patients admitted with sepsis at Humanitas Research Hospital.MethodsPlasma samples were collected from 178 patients, diagnosed based on Sepsis-3 criteria, at admission to the Emergency Department and after 5 days of hospitalization. Levels of pentraxin 3 (PTX3), soluble IL-1 type 2 receptor (sIL-1R2), and of a panel of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were measured by ELISA. Cox proportional-hazard models were used to evaluate predictors of 90-days mortality.ResultsCirculating levels of PTX3, sIL-1R2, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-18, IL-1ra, TNF-α increased significantly in sepsis patients on admission, with the highest levels measured in shock patients, and correlated with SOFA score (PTX3: r=0.44, p<0.0001; sIL-1R2: r=0.35, p<0.0001), as well as with 90-days mortality. After 5 days of hospitalization, PTX3 and cytokines, but not sIL-1R2 levels, decreased significantly, in parallel with a general improvement of clinical parameters. The combination of age, blood urea nitrogen, PTX3, IL-6 and IL-18, defined a prognostic index predicting 90-days mortality in Sepsis-3 patients and showing better apparent discrimination capacity than the SOFA score (AUC=0.863, 95% CI: 0.780−0.945 vs. AUC=0.727, 95% CI: 0.613-0.840; p=0.021 respectively).ConclusionThese data suggest that a prognostic index based on selected cytokines, PTX3 and clinical parameters, and hence easily adoptable in clinical practice, performs in predicting 90-days mortality better than SOFA. An independent validation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Davoudian
- Department of Research in Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Piovani
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Desai
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Emergency, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Sarah N. Mapelli
- Department of Research in Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Leone
- Department of Research in Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Sironi
- Department of Research in Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Sonia Valentino
- Department of Research in Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Silva-Gomes
- Department of Research in Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Stravalaci
- Department of Research in Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Fatemeh Asgari
- Department of Research in Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Madera
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Piccinini
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Fedeli
- Department of Emergency, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Denise Comina
- Department of Emergency, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefanos Bonovas
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Voza
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Emergency, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Research in Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Barbara Bottazzi, ; Alberto Mantovani,
| | - Barbara Bottazzi
- Department of Research in Inflammation and Immunology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Barbara Bottazzi, ; Alberto Mantovani,
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11
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Kamal MA, Siddiqui I, Belgiovine C, Barbagallo M, Paleari V, Pistillo D, Chiabrando C, Schiarea S, Bottazzi B, Leone R, Avigni R, Migliore R, Spaggiari P, Gavazzi F, Capretti G, Marchesi F, Mantovani A, Zerbi A, Allavena P. Oncogenic KRAS-Induced Protein Signature in the Tumor Secretome Identifies Laminin-C2 and Pentraxin-3 as Useful Biomarkers for the Early Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112653. [PMID: 35681634 PMCID: PMC9179463 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
KRAS mutations characterize pancreatic cell transformation from the earliest stages of carcinogenesis, and are present in >95% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cases. In search of novel biomarkers for the early diagnosis of PDAC, we identified the proteins secreted by the normal human pancreatic cell line (HPDE) recently transformed by inducing the overexpression of the KRASG12V oncogene. We report a proteomic signature of KRAS-induced secreted proteins, which was confirmed in surgical tumor samples from resected PDAC patients. The putative diagnostic performance of three candidates, Laminin-C2 (LAMC2), Tenascin-C (TNC) and Pentraxin-3 (PTX3), was investigated by ELISA quantification in two cohorts of PDAC patients (n = 200) eligible for surgery. Circulating levels of LAMC2, TNC and PTX3 were significantly higher in PDAC patients compared to the healthy individuals (p < 0.0001). The Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve showed good sensitivity (1) and specificity (0.63 and 0.85) for LAMC2 and PTX3, respectively, but not for TNC, and patients with high levels of LAMC2 had significantly shorter overall survival (p = 0.0007). High levels of LAMC2 and PTX3 were detected at early stages (I−IIB) and in CA19-9-low PDAC patients. In conclusion, pancreatic tumors release LAMC2 and PTX3, which can be quantified in the systemic circulation, and may be useful in selecting patients for further diagnostic imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Azhar Kamal
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Imran Siddiqui
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Cristina Belgiovine
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Marialuisa Barbagallo
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Valentina Paleari
- Biobank, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (V.P.); (D.P.)
| | - Daniela Pistillo
- Biobank, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (V.P.); (D.P.)
| | - Chiara Chiabrando
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri-IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (C.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Silvia Schiarea
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri-IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (C.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Barbara Bottazzi
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Roberto Leone
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Roberta Avigni
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Roberta Migliore
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Paola Spaggiari
- Department of Pathology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy;
| | - Francesca Gavazzi
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (F.G.); (G.C.); (A.Z.)
| | - Giovanni Capretti
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (F.G.); (G.C.); (A.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Federica Marchesi
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Alessandro Zerbi
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (F.G.); (G.C.); (A.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Paola Allavena
- Department of Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (M.A.K.); (I.S.); (C.B.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (R.L.); (R.A.); (R.M.); (F.M.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence:
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12
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Kigka VI, Potsika V, Mantzaris M, Tsakanikas V, Koncar I, Fotiadis DI. Serum Biomarkers in Carotid Artery Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11112143. [PMID: 34829489 PMCID: PMC8619296 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11112143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotid artery disease is considered a major cause of strokes and there is a need for early disease detection and management. Although imaging techniques have been developed for the diagnosis of carotid artery disease and different imaging-based markers have been proposed for the characterization of atherosclerotic plaques, there is still need for a definition of high-risk plaques in asymptomatic patients who may benefit from surgical intervention. Measurement of circulating biomarkers is a promising method to assist in patient-specific disease management, but the lack of robust clinical evidence limits their use as a standard of care. The purpose of this review paper is to present circulating biomarkers related to carotid artery diagnosis and prognosis, which are mainly provided by statistical-based clinical studies. The result of our investigation showed that typical well-established inflammatory biomarkers and biomarkers related to patient lipid profiles are associated with carotid artery disease. In addition to this, more specialized types of biomarkers, such as endothelial and cell adhesion, matrix degrading, and metabolic biomarkers seem to be associated with different carotid artery disease outputs, assisting vascular specialists in selecting patients at high risk for stroke and in need of intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassiliki I. Kigka
- Unit of Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (V.I.K.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (V.T.)
| | - Vassiliki Potsika
- Unit of Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (V.I.K.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (V.T.)
| | - Michalis Mantzaris
- Unit of Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (V.I.K.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (V.T.)
| | - Vassilis Tsakanikas
- Unit of Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (V.I.K.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (V.T.)
| | - Igor Koncar
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Clinic Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dimitrios I. Fotiadis
- Unit of Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (V.I.K.); (V.P.); (M.M.); (V.T.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biomedical Research Institute—FORTH, University Campus of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-26510-09006; Fax: +30-26510-08889
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13
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Tracz J, Luczak M. Applying Proteomics and Integrative "Omics" Strategies to Decipher the Chronic Kidney Disease-Related Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7492. [PMID: 34299112 PMCID: PMC8305100 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk of atherosclerosis and premature mortality, mainly due to cardiovascular events. However, well-known risk factors, which promote "classical" atherosclerosis are alone insufficient to explain the high prevalence of atherosclerosis-related to CKD (CKD-A). The complexity of the molecular mechanisms underlying the acceleration of CKD-A is still to be defied. To obtain a holistic picture of these changes, comprehensive proteomic approaches have been developed including global protein profiling followed by functional bioinformatics analyses of dysregulated pathways. Furthermore, proteomics surveys in combination with other "omics" techniques, i.e., transcriptomics and metabolomics as well as physiological assays provide a solid ground for interpretation of observed phenomena in the context of disease pathology. This review discusses the comprehensive application of various "omics" approaches, with emphasis on proteomics, to tackle the molecular mechanisms underlying CKD-A progression. We summarize here the recent findings derived from global proteomic approaches and underline the potential of utilizing integrative systems biology, to gain a deeper insight into the pathogenesis of CKD-A and other disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Magdalena Luczak
- European Centre for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 61-704 Poznan, Poland;
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14
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Boutet MA, Nerviani A, Lliso-Ribera G, Leone R, Sironi M, Hands R, Rivellese F, Del Prete A, Goldmann K, Lewis MJ, Mantovani A, Bottazzi B, Pitzalis C. Circulating and Synovial Pentraxin-3 (PTX3) Expression Levels Correlate With Rheumatoid Arthritis Severity and Tissue Infiltration Independently of Conventional Treatments Response. Front Immunol 2021; 12:686795. [PMID: 34248970 PMCID: PMC8267520 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.686795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims To determine the relationship between PTX3 systemic and synovial levels and the clinical features of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a cohort of early, treatment naïve patients and to explore the relevance of PTX3 expression in predicting response to conventional-synthetic (cs) Disease-Modifying-Anti-Rheumatic-Drugs (DMARDs) treatment. Methods PTX3 expression was analyzed in 119 baseline serum samples from early naïve RA patients, 95 paired samples obtained 6-months following the initiation of cs-DMARDs treatment and 43 healthy donors. RNA-sequencing analysis and immunohistochemistry for PTX3 were performed on a subpopulation of 79 and 58 synovial samples, respectively, to assess PTX3 gene and protein expression. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to characterize PTX3 expressing cells within the synovium. Results Circulating levels of PTX3 were significantly higher in early RA compared to healthy donors and correlated with disease activity at baseline and with the degree of structural damages at 12-months. Six-months after commencing cs-DMARDs, a high level of PTX3, proportional to the baseline value, was still detectable in the serum of patients, regardless of their response status. RNA-seq analysis confirmed that synovial transcript levels of PTX3 correlated with disease activity and the presence of mediators of inflammation, tissue remodeling and bone destruction at baseline. PTX3 expression in the synovium was strongly linked to the degree of immune cell infiltration, the presence of ectopic lymphoid structures and seropositivity for autoantibodies. Accordingly, PTX3 was found to be expressed by numerous synovial cell types such as plasma cells, fibroblasts, vascular and lymphatic endothelial cells, macrophages, and neutrophils. The percentage of PTX3-positive synovial cells, although significantly reduced at 6-months post-treatment as a result of global decreased cellularity, was similar in cs-DMARDs responders and non-responders. Conclusion This study demonstrates that, early in the disease and prior to treatment modification, the level of circulating PTX3 is a reliable marker of RA activity and predicts a high degree of structural damages at 12-months. In the joint, PTX3 associates with immune cell infiltration and the presence of ectopic lymphoid structures. High synovial and peripheral blood levels of PTX3 are associated with chronic inflammation characteristic of RA. Additional studies to determine the mechanistic link are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Astrid Boutet
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Inserm UMR 1229, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, Université de Nantes, ONIRIS, Nantes, France
| | - Alessandra Nerviani
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gloria Lliso-Ribera
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto Leone
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Sironi
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Rebecca Hands
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Felice Rivellese
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Annalisa Del Prete
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Katriona Goldmann
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Myles J Lewis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Bottazzi
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Costantino Pitzalis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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15
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Oggioni M, Mercurio D, Minuta D, Fumagalli S, Popiolek-Barczyk K, Sironi M, Ciechanowska A, Ippati S, De Blasio D, Perego C, Mika J, Garlanda C, De Simoni MG. Long pentraxin PTX3 is upregulated systemically and centrally after experimental neurotrauma, but its depletion leaves unaltered sensorimotor deficits or histopathology. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9616. [PMID: 33953334 PMCID: PMC8100171 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Long pentraxin PTX3, a pattern recognition molecule involved in innate immune responses, is upregulated by pro-inflammatory stimuli, contributors to secondary damage in traumatic brain injury (TBI). We analyzed PTX3 involvement in mice subjected to controlled cortical impact, a clinically relevant TBI mouse model. We measured PTX3 mRNA and protein in the brain and its circulating levels at different time point post-injury, and assessed behavioral deficits and brain damage progression in PTX3 KO mice. PTX3 circulating levels significantly increased 1-3 weeks after injury. In the brain, PTX3 mRNA was upregulated in different brain areas starting from 24 h and up to 5 weeks post-injury. PTX3 protein significantly increased in the brain cortex up to 3 weeks post-injury. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that, 48 h after TBI, PTX3 was localized in proximity of neutrophils, likely on neutrophils extracellular traps (NETs), while 1- and 2- weeks post-injury PTX3 co-localized with fibrin deposits. Genetic depletion of PTX3 did not affect sensorimotor deficits up to 5 weeks post-injury. At this time-point lesion volume and neuronal count, axonal damage, collagen deposition, astrogliosis, microglia activation and phagocytosis were not different in KO compared to WT mice. Members of the long pentraxin family, neuronal pentraxin 1 (nPTX1) and pentraxin 4 (PTX4) were also over-expressed in the traumatized brain, but not neuronal pentraxin 2 (nPTX2) or short pentraxins C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid P-component (SAP). The long-lasting pattern of activation of PTX3 in brain and blood supports its specific involvement in TBI. The lack of a clear-cut phenotype in PTX3 KO mice may depend on the different roles of this protein, possibly involved in inflammation early after injury and in repair processes later on, suggesting distinct functions in acute phases versus sub-acute or chronic phases. Brain long pentraxins, such as PTX4-shown here to be overexpressed in the brain after TBI-may compensate for PTX3 absence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Oggioni
- grid.4527.40000000106678902Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Mercurio
- grid.4527.40000000106678902Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Denise Minuta
- grid.4527.40000000106678902Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy ,grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Present Address: San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Fumagalli
- grid.4527.40000000106678902Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Katarzyna Popiolek-Barczyk
- grid.418903.70000 0001 2227 8271Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marina Sironi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano - Milan, 20089 Italy
| | - Agata Ciechanowska
- grid.418903.70000 0001 2227 8271Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Stefania Ippati
- grid.4527.40000000106678902Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy ,grid.18887.3e0000000417581884Present Address: San Raffaele Scientific Institute, San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Daiana De Blasio
- grid.4527.40000000106678902Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Perego
- grid.4527.40000000106678902Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Joanna Mika
- grid.418903.70000 0001 2227 8271Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center – IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, Rozzano - Milan, 20089 Italy ,grid.452490.eHumanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele – Milan, 20090 Italy
| | - Maria-Grazia De Simoni
- grid.4527.40000000106678902Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
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16
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Brunetta E, Folci M, Bottazzi B, De Santis M, Gritti G, Protti A, Mapelli SN, Bonovas S, Piovani D, Leone R, My I, Zanon V, Spata G, Bacci M, Supino D, Carnevale S, Sironi M, Davoudian S, Peano C, Landi F, Di Marco F, Raimondi F, Gianatti A, Angelini C, Rambaldi A, Garlanda C, Ciccarelli M, Cecconi M, Mantovani A. Macrophage expression and prognostic significance of the long pentraxin PTX3 in COVID-19. Nat Immunol 2020; 22:19-24. [PMID: 33208929 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-00832-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an essential component of humoral innate immunity, involved in resistance to selected pathogens and in the regulation of inflammation1-3. The present study was designed to assess the presence and significance of PTX3 in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)4-7. RNA-sequencing analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, single-cell bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemistry of lung autopsy samples revealed that myelomonocytic cells and endothelial cells express high levels of PTX3 in patients with COVID-19. Increased plasma concentrations of PTX3 were detected in 96 patients with COVID-19. PTX3 emerged as a strong independent predictor of 28-d mortality in multivariable analysis, better than conventional markers of inflammation, in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The prognostic significance of PTX3 abundance for mortality was confirmed in a second independent cohort (54 patients). Thus, circulating and lung myelomonocytic cells and endothelial cells are a major source of PTX3, and PTX3 plasma concentration can serve as an independent strong prognostic indicator of short-term mortality in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Brunetta
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Folci
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Gritti
- Unit of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliera Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Protti
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Stefanos Bonovas
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Piovani
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Leone
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria My
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Zanon
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Monica Bacci
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Supino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Carnevale
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Sironi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Clelia Peano
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, UoS Milan, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Landi
- Unit of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliera Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Fabiano Di Marco
- Unit of Pneumology, Azienda Ospedaliera Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Raimondi
- Unit of Pneumology, Azienda Ospedaliera Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Andrea Gianatti
- Unit of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliera Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Rambaldi
- Unit of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliera Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy. .,Department of Oncology & Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Maurizio Cecconi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy. .,The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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17
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Association between new circulating proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory adipocytokines with coronary artery disease. Coron Artery Dis 2020; 30:528-535. [PMID: 31464731 PMCID: PMC6791513 DOI: 10.1097/mca.0000000000000778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic and risk predictive value of emerging proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory adipocytokines on coronary artery disease (CAD).
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18
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Zatta M, Di Bella S, Bottazzi B, Rossi F, D'Agaro P, Segat L, Fabbiani M, Mantovani A, Luzzati R. Determination of pentraxin 3 levels in cerebrospinal fluid during central nervous system infections. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 39:665-670. [PMID: 31813079 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-019-03767-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an acute phase protein; its plasmatic levels significantly rise during severe infections. Data on PTX3 levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with central nervous system (CNS) infections are lacking. We aimed (a) to assess the diagnostic potential of measuring CSF PTX3 levels in patients with CNS infections and (b) to establish CSF PTX3 cutoffs to distinguish between bacterial and aseptic meningoencephalitis (ROC curve). PTX3 levels were measured in CSF from 19 patients admitted to Trieste Hospital, Italy, with CNS infection. A diagnosis of bacterial infection and aseptic meningoencephalitis was made in 7 (37%) and 12 (63%) patients, respectively. Subjects with bacterial infections showed significantly higher PTX3 levels (13.5 vs 1.27 ng/mL in aseptic meningoencephalitis, p = 0.010). We identified two different CSF PTX3 levels cutoffs. (1) The best cutoff to maximise Youden's J was 9.6 ng/mL with a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value (NPV) of 71.4%, 91.4%, 83.3%, 84.6%, respectively. (2) The cutoff with higher NPV (100%) was 3.6 ng/mL; a diagnosis of bacterial infections was obtained in 0% patients with CSF PTX3 levels < 3.6 ng/mL vs 58% of those with CSF PTX3 levels ≥ 3.6 ng/mL (p = 0.017). CSF PTX3 levels are higher in bacterial meningitis than aseptic meningoencephalitis. A cutoff of 3.6 ng/mL of CSF PTX3 has a high NPV and can be used to exclude bacterial CNS infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Zatta
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Stefano Di Bella
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Barbara Bottazzi
- IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Center and Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Rossi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Pierlanfranco D'Agaro
- Department Reproductive, Developmental and Public Health Sciences, UCO Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ludovica Segat
- Department Reproductive, Developmental and Public Health Sciences, UCO Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Fabbiani
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Center and Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Luzzati
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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19
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Vuković Dejanović V, Bogavac-Stanojević N, Kotur Stevuljević J, Vukašinović A, Stefanović A, Kafedzic S, Zdravković M, Ilić I, Hinić S, Cerović M, Stefanović M, Spasojević-Kalimanovska V, Memon L, Nešković AN. Circulating levels of inflammatory parameters pentraxin-3, cyclophilin and heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2019; 80:66-72. [PMID: 31799884 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2019.1698058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory biomarkers - pentraxin-3 (PTX3), cyclophilin A (CypA) and heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) were examined in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing revascularization with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) and stent implanting. Investigated parameters were compared between patients with and without obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). In addition, their changes were tested in circulation before and immediately after pPCI. The study group consisted of 81 STEMI patients. Patients were classified in the STEMI-CAD group if they had significant obstructive CAD or in MINOCA group if they had no significant stenosis. In STEMI-CAD patients inflammatory parameters were determined prior to and after pPCI intervention. Immediately after pPCI, in STEMI-CAD patients levels of PTX3 were significantly lower (1.52 vs. 2.17 μg/L, p < .001), while the levels of HB-EGF (14.61 vs. 12.03 pg/L, p < .001) and CyPA (15.95 vs. 8.62 μg/L, p < .001) were significantly higher compared to levels before pPCI. STEMI-CAD patients had lower PTX3 values 2.17 μg/L (1.55-5.10 μg/L) than MINOCA patients 5.06 μg/L (2.77-6.7 μg/L), p = .046. Diagnostic accuracy of PTX3 for discrimination MINOCA from STEMI-CAD patients was low (area under receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.770). Evaluation of PTX3 values may be helpful in the understanding of MINOCA aetiology but they couldn't distinguish stenosis severity in STEMI patients. Inflammatory biomarkers significantly changed after pPCI but the possibility of clinical use of these biomarkers needs to be evaluated in a larger prospective study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jelena Kotur Stevuljević
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Vukašinović
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stefanović
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Srdjan Kafedzic
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Hospital Center Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Zdravković
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Department of Cardiology, Clinical Hospital Center Bezanijska kosa, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Ilić
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Hospital Center Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Saša Hinić
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Hospital Center Bezanijska kosa, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milivoje Cerović
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Hospital Center Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Stefanović
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Hospital Center Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Lidija Memon
- Clinical Hospital Center Bezanijska kosa, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar N Nešković
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Hospital Center Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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20
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Immune-Mediated Inflammation in Vulnerable Atherosclerotic Plaques. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24173072. [PMID: 31450823 PMCID: PMC6749340 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24173072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic long-lasting vascular disease leading to myocardial infarction and stroke. Vulnerable atherosclerotic (AS) plaques are responsible for these life-threatening clinical endpoints. To more successfully work against atherosclerosis, improvements in early diagnosis and treatment of AS plaque lesions are required. Vulnerable AS plaques are frequently undetectable by conventional imaging because they are non-stenotic. Although blood biomarkers like lipids, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, troponins, and natriuretic peptides are in pathological ranges, these markers are insufficient in detecting the critical perpetuation of AS anteceding endpoints. Thus, chances to treat the patient in a preventive way are wasted. It is now time to solve this dilemma because clear results indicate a benefit of anti-inflammatory therapy per se without modification of blood lipids (CANTOS Trial, NCT01327846). This fact identifies modulation of immune-mediated inflammation as a new promising point of action for the eradication of fatal atherosclerotic endpoints.
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21
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Review of serum biomarkers in carotid atherosclerosis. J Vasc Surg 2019; 71:329-341. [PMID: 31327598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2019.04.488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carotid artery atherosclerotic stenosis is a preventable major cause of stroke, but there is still a need for definition of high-risk plaque in asymptomatic patients who might benefit from interventional therapies. Several image markers are recommended to characterize unstable plaques. The measurement of serum biomarkers is a promising method to assist in decision making, but the lack of robust evidence in the carotid environment burdens their potential as a standard of care. The goal of this review was to offer an updated state-of-the-art study of available serum biomarkers with clinical implications, with focus on those that may predict carotid symptom development. METHODS The Cochrane Library and MEDLINE databases were searched (all until September 2018) for studies on carotid plaque and serum biomarkers of atherosclerosis. Nonhuman, basic science, and histology studies were excluded, focusing on clinical studies. Selected abstracts were screened to include the most relevant articles on atherosclerotic plaque presence, progression, instability or symptom development. RESULTS Some well-established biomarkers for coronary disease are not relevant to carotid atherosclerosis and other inflammatory biomarkers, lipids, interleukins, homocysteine, and adipokines may be useful in quantifying carotid disease-related risk. Some serum biomarkers combined with image features may assist vascular specialists in selecting patients at high risk for stroke and in need of intervention. CONCLUSIONS Prospective studies applying a combination of biomarkers are essential to prove clinical usefulness.
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22
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Bonacina F, Moregola A, Porte R, Baragetti A, Bonavita E, Salatin A, Grigore L, Pellegatta F, Molgora M, Sironi M, Barbati E, Mantovani A, Bottazzi B, Catapano AL, Garlanda C, Norata GD. Pentraxin 3 deficiency protects from the metabolic inflammation associated to diet-induced obesity. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 115:1861-1872. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
Low-grade chronic inflammation characterizes obesity and metabolic syndrome. Here, we aim at investigating the impact of the acute-phase protein long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) on the immune-inflammatory response occurring during diet-induced obesity.
Methods and results
PTX3 deficiency in mice fed a high-fat diet for 20 weeks protects from weight gain and adipose tissue deposition in visceral and subcutaneous depots. This effect is not related to changes in glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism but is associated with an improved immune cell phenotype in the adipose tissue of Ptx3 deficient animals, which is characterized by M2-macrophages polarization and increased angiogenesis. These findings are recapitulated in humans where carriers of a PTX3 haplotype (PTX3 h2/h2 haplotype), resulting in lower PTX3 plasma levels, presented with a reduced prevalence of obesity and decreased abdominal adiposity compared with non-carriers.
Conclusion
Our results support a critical role for PTX3 in the onset of obesity by promoting inflammation and limiting adipose tissue vascularization and delineate PTX3 targeting as a valuable strategy for the treatment of adipose tissue-associated inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizia Bonacina
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Moregola
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, Milan, Italy
| | - Rémi Porte
- IRCC Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Andrea Baragetti
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, Milan, Italy
- Centro SISA per lo Studio dell’Aterosclerosi, Ospedale Bassini, Cinisello Balsamo, Italy
| | - Eduardo Bonavita
- Cancer Inflammation and Immunity Group, CRUK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Alice Salatin
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, Milan, Italy
| | - Liliana Grigore
- Centro SISA per lo Studio dell’Aterosclerosi, Ospedale Bassini, Cinisello Balsamo, Italy
- IRCSS Multimedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Pellegatta
- Centro SISA per lo Studio dell’Aterosclerosi, Ospedale Bassini, Cinisello Balsamo, Italy
- IRCSS Multimedica, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marina Sironi
- IRCC Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Elisa Barbati
- IRCC Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- IRCC Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy
- Humanitas University Rozzano, Italy
| | | | - Alberico Luigi Catapano
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, Milan, Italy
- IRCSS Multimedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- IRCC Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy
- Humanitas University Rozzano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Danilo Norata
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, Milan, Italy
- Centro SISA per lo Studio dell’Aterosclerosi, Ospedale Bassini, Cinisello Balsamo, Italy
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23
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Garlanda C, Bottazzi B, Magrini E, Inforzato A, Mantovani A. PTX3, a Humoral Pattern Recognition Molecule, in Innate Immunity, Tissue Repair, and Cancer. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:623-639. [PMID: 29412047 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00016.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity includes a cellular and a humoral arm. PTX3 is a fluid-phase pattern recognition molecule conserved in evolution which acts as a key component of humoral innate immunity in infections of fungal, bacterial, and viral origin. PTX3 binds conserved microbial structures and self-components under conditions of inflammation and activates effector functions (complement, phagocytosis). Moreover, it has a complex regulatory role in inflammation, such as ischemia/reperfusion injury and cancer-related inflammation, as well as in extracellular matrix organization and remodeling, with profound implications in physiology and pathology. Finally, PTX3 acts as an extrinsic oncosuppressor gene by taming tumor-promoting inflammation in murine and selected human tumors. Thus evidence suggests that PTX3 is a key homeostatic component at the crossroad of innate immunity, inflammation, tissue repair, and cancer. Dissecting the complexity of PTX3 pathophysiology and human genetics paves the way to diagnostic and therapeutic exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Garlanda
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan , Italy ; Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan , Italy ; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan , Milan , Italy ; and The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Bottazzi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan , Italy ; Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan , Italy ; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan , Milan , Italy ; and The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Magrini
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan , Italy ; Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan , Italy ; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan , Milan , Italy ; and The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Inforzato
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan , Italy ; Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan , Italy ; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan , Milan , Italy ; and The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan , Italy ; Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan , Italy ; Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan , Milan , Italy ; and The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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24
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Fang J, Chen Q, He B, Cai J, Yao Y, Cai Y, Xu S, Rengasamy KRR, Gowrishankar S, Pandian SK, Cao T. Tanshinone IIA attenuates TNF-α induced PTX3 expression and monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells through the p38/NF-κB pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 121:622-630. [PMID: 30268796 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA is one of the most predominant bioactive constituents of Danshen, a traditional Chinese medicinal plant with multiple cardiovascular protective actions. Although Tanshinone IIA has been well documented for its endothelial protective efficacy, studies unveiling the mechanism and/or molecular targets for its pharmacological activity are still inadequate. In recent studies, it has been envisaged that the expression of pentraxin 3 (PTX3) was associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ACVD). Therefore, the current study was designed to evaluate the possible role of Tanshinone IIA in influencing the expression of PTX3 in endothelial cells and thereby prevents endothelial dysfunction. Molecular analyses through real-time PCR, western blot, and ELISA revealed that Tanshinone IIA down-regulates PTX3 gene expression as well as protein secretion in human endothelial cells in the presence or absence of TNF-α. Besides, Tanshinone IIA inhibits the adhesion of THP1 cells (a monocytic cell line) to activated-endothelial cells stimulated with TNF-α. Furthermore, mechanistic studies uncovered the role of p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway in Tanshinone II-A mediated pharmacological effects. Thus, the present study exemplifies the manifestation of Tanshinone IIA as a plausible alternative natural remedy for ACVD by targeting PTX3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuyan Chen
- Center of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, 511436, PR China
| | - Baozhu He
- Center of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, 511436, PR China
| | - Jiaxuan Cai
- Center of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, 511436, PR China
| | - Yawen Yao
- Center of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, 511436, PR China
| | - Yi Cai
- Center of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, 511436, PR China
| | - Suowen Xu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Kannan R R Rengasamy
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630003, India.
| | | | | | - Tiansheng Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510800, China.
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25
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Lai HY, Hsu LW, Tsai HH, Lo YC, Yang SH, Liu PY, Wang JM. CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta promotes intracellular lipid accumulation in M1 macrophages of vascular lesions. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 113:1376-1388. [PMID: 28859294 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Lipid homeostasis is reprogrammed in the presence of inflammation, which results in excessive lipid accumulation in macrophages, and leads to the formation of lipid-laden foam cells. We aimed to link an inflammation-responsive transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta (CEBPD) with polarized macrophages and dissect its contribution to lipid accumulation. Methods and results We found that CEBPD protein colocalized with macrophages in human and mouse (C57BL/6, Apoe-/-) atherosclerotic plaques and that Cebpd deficiency in bone marrow cells suppressed atherosclerotic lesions in hyperlipidemic Apoe-/- mice. CEBPD was responsive to modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) via the p38MAPK/CREB pathway, and it promoted lipid accumulation in M1 macrophages but not in M2 macrophages. CEBPD up-regulated pentraxin 3 (PTX3), which promoted the macropinocytosis of LDL, and down-regulated ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 1 (ABCA1), which impaired the intracellular cholesterol efflux in M1 macrophages. We further found that simvastatin (a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor) could target CEBPD to block lipid accumulation in a manner not directly related to its cholesterol-lowering effect in M1 macrophages. Conclusion This study underscores how CEBPD functions at the junction of inflammation and lipid accumulation in M1 macrophages. Therefore, CEBPD-mediated lipid accumulation in M1 macrophages could represent a new therapeutic target for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yue Lai
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Wei Hsu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hwa Tsai
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 University Rd., Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Lo
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 University Rd., Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Hsun Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Yen Liu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Ming Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 University Rd., Tainan 70101, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center of Molecular Inflammation Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Erreni M, Manfredi AA, Garlanda C, Mantovani A, Rovere-Querini P. The long pentraxin PTX3: A prototypical sensor of tissue injury and a regulator of homeostasis. Immunol Rev 2018; 280:112-125. [PMID: 29027216 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tissue damage frequently occurs. The immune system senses it and enforces homeostatic responses that lead to regeneration and repair. The synthesis of acute phase molecules is emerging as a crucial event in this program. The prototypic long pentraxin PTX3 orchestrates the recruitment of leukocytes, stabilizes the provisional matrix in order to facilitate leukocyte and stem progenitor cells trafficking, promotes swift and safe clearance of dying cells and of autoantigens, limiting autoimmunity and protecting the vasculature. These non-redundant actions of PTX3 are necessary for the resolution of inflammation. Recent studies have highlighted the mechanisms by which PTX3 adapts the functions of innate immune cells, orchestrates tissue repair and contributes to select the appropriate acquired immune response in various tissues. Conversely, PTX3 continues to be produced in diseases where the inflammatory response does not resolve. It is therefore a valuable biomarker for more precise and personalized stratification of patients, often independently predicting clinical evolution and outcome. There is strong promise for novel therapies based on understanding the mechanisms with which PTX3 plays its homeostatic role, especially in regulating leukocyte migration and the resolution of inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Erreni
- IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo A Manfredi
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Rovere-Querini
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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Pentraxin-3 and coronary artery disease. Exp Gerontol 2018; 102:1-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Zambon M, Mandò C, Lissoni A, Anelli GM, Novielli C, Cardellicchio M, Leone R, Monari MN, Massari M, Cetin I, Abati S. Inflammatory and Oxidative Responses in Pregnancies With Obesity and Periodontal Disease. Reprod Sci 2018; 25:1474-1484. [PMID: 29343164 DOI: 10.1177/1933719117749758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal obesity is related to immunologic and inflammatory systemic modifications that may worsen the pregnancy inflammatory status. Hormonal changes during pregnancy can adversely affect oral biofilms and oral health initiating or worsening periodontal diseases, with enhanced local and systemic oxidative stress and inflammation. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between local salivary and systemic parameters of oxidative stress and inflammation in relation to obesity and periodontal diseases. STUDY DESIGN Sixty-two women with singleton pregnancies were enrolled. Twenty-seven women were normal weight (NW; 18.5< body mass index [BMI] <25 kg/m2) and 35 obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). Seventeen of the obese had gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). During third trimester, periodontal status was evaluated, saliva (s) was collected to assess total antioxidant capacity (s-TAC) and C-reactive protein (s-CRP) levels, and venous plasma (p) was used to measure CRP levels (p-CRP). Maternal, fetal, and placental data were registered at delivery. RESULTS Levels of s-TAC, s-CRP, and p-CRP were significantly higher in obese, particularly in the presence of GDM, compared to NW and related to each other ( P = .000; r > 0.59), to maternal BMI ( P = .000; r > 0.52), and fasting glycemia ( P < .002; r > 0.47). Periodontal disease was more frequent in obese groups (80%) versus NW (52%; P = .04), particularly when GDM was diagnosed ( P = .009). A significant interaction effect between maternal BMI and oral condition was found for s-TAC levels. Obese with periodontitis showed significant increase in local and systemic parameters versus NW. CONCLUSION Obesity and periodontal disease could synergistically amplify the inflammatory and oxidative status, resulting in increased local and systemic biomarkers particularly when GDM is diagnosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Zambon
- 1 Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L. Sacco" University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Mandò
- 1 Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L. Sacco" University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lissoni
- 2 Unit of Oral Pathology, Department of Dentistry, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele and IRCCS San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Gaia Maria Anelli
- 1 Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L. Sacco" University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Novielli
- 1 Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L. Sacco" University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Cardellicchio
- 1 Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L. Sacco" University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Leone
- 3 Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Marta Noemi Monari
- 4 Laboratory of Analysis, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Maddalena Massari
- 1 Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L. Sacco" University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Cetin
- 1 Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L. Sacco" University Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvio Abati
- 2 Unit of Oral Pathology, Department of Dentistry, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele and IRCCS San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy
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Sag S, Kamanlı A, Altındis M, Sag MS, Harman H, Tekeoglu İ, Nas K. The relationship of pentraxin-3 levels with IL-17, fetuin-A, insulin in patients with Behçet's disease. DERMATOL SIN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dsi.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Casula M, Montecucco F, Bonaventura A, Liberale L, Vecchié A, Dallegri F, Carbone F. Update on the role of Pentraxin 3 in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Vascul Pharmacol 2017; 99:1-12. [PMID: 29051088 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an acute-phase protein that was recently demonstrated to play pleiotropic activities in cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Tumor necrosis factor and interleukins up-regulates PTX3 transcription in different cell types (i.e. endothelial cells, phagocytes, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts and glial cells) involved in atherogenesis. By interacting with numerous ligands, PTX3 acts as a modulatory molecule of complement system, inflammatory response, angiogenesis, and vascular/tissue remodeling. Experimental data point to a beneficial role of PTX3 in atherosclerotic plaque development and vulnerability. Animal studies indicated a protective role of PTX3 signaling in ischemic/reperfusion injury and failing heart. Clinical studies have so far provided contrasting results, highlighting a debated role of PTX3 as an active mediator of endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability and worse outcome after ischemic events. Therefore, substantial evidence suggests a dual role of PTX3 as modulator or amplifiers of the innate immune response. The final result of PTX3 activation might be determined by a fine tuning of time, space and environmental signals. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of biological properties of PTX3 in CV diseases and to discuss the ability of PTX3 to act as a crossroad between pro- and anti-inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Casula
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 9 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Vecchié
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
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Korzonek-Szlacheta I, Danikiewicz A, Szkodziński J, Nowak J, Lekston A, Gąsior M, Zubelewicz-Szkodzińska B, Hudzik B. Relationship Between Plasma Pentraxin 3 Concentration and Platelet Indices in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease. Angiology 2017; 69:264-269. [PMID: 28946774 DOI: 10.1177/0003319717732929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Few reports have analyzed the effect of pentraxin 3 (PTX3) on platelets and their activation. We explored the association between plasma PTX3 and platelet indices. Forty-nine patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) were enrolled. Based on median PTX3, the study population was divided into group 1 (n = 25; PTX3 ≤ 0.98 ng/mL) and group 2 (n = 24; PTX3 > 0.98 ng/mL). Platelet indices investigated included mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), platelets and large cell ratio (P-LCR), MPV to platelet count ratio (MPV/PC), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and MPV to lymphocyte ratio (MPVLR). Patients with lower PTX3 had a higher lymphocyte count. Platelet count was similar in both groups. Notwithstanding, patients with higher PTX3 concentrations had elevated MPV (8.3 vs 10.0 fL; P < .001) and PDW (9.4 vs 12.4 fL; P < .001). However, the MPV/PC ratio was similar in both groups. Thromboinflammatory biomarkers (PLR, MPVLR) were also elevated in group 2. Pentraxin 3showed a strong, positive correlation with MPV ( r = .75, P < .01) and PDW ( r = .80, P < .01), and weak to moderate correlation with MPVLR. In conclusion, PTX3 is associated with larger platelet size as assessed by platelet volume indices. There is a strong correlation between plasma PTX3 level and MPV and PDW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Korzonek-Szlacheta
- 1 Department of Nutrition-Related Disease Prevention, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Silesia, Bytom, Poland
| | - Aleksander Danikiewicz
- 1 Department of Nutrition-Related Disease Prevention, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Silesia, Bytom, Poland
| | - Janusz Szkodziński
- 2 Third Department of Cardiology, Silesian Center for Heart Disease, SMDZ in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Justyna Nowak
- 1 Department of Nutrition-Related Disease Prevention, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Silesia, Bytom, Poland
| | - Andrzej Lekston
- 2 Third Department of Cardiology, Silesian Center for Heart Disease, SMDZ in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Mariusz Gąsior
- 2 Third Department of Cardiology, Silesian Center for Heart Disease, SMDZ in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Barbara Zubelewicz-Szkodzińska
- 1 Department of Nutrition-Related Disease Prevention, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Silesia, Bytom, Poland
| | - Bartosz Hudzik
- 1 Department of Nutrition-Related Disease Prevention, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Silesia, Bytom, Poland.,2 Third Department of Cardiology, Silesian Center for Heart Disease, SMDZ in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
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The Relationship Between Serum Pentraxine 3 Levels and Hematological Markers in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arch Rheumatol 2017; 33:39-44. [PMID: 29900992 DOI: 10.5606/archrheumatol.2018.6394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to investigate the association of pentraxin 3 (PTX3) with neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) rather than the disease activity score 28 using C-reactive protein in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Patients and methods The study included 59 RA patients (11 males, 48 females; mean age 53.79±13.55 years; range 40 to 66 years) and 20 healthy controls (5 males, 15 females; mean age 50.41±6.11 years; range 43 to 56 years). Complete blood count tests were recorded and NLR and platelet/ lymphocyte ratio were calculated. PTX3 and interleukin-6 levels were examined in serum samples. Disease activity of RA patients was assessed by disease activity score 28. Results Demographic characteristics were similar between the two groups, with no statistically significant difference in terms of sex, age, and body mass index (p>0.05). NLR, PTX3 and interleukin-6 levels were higher in patients with RA than the control group (p<0.05). While erythrocyte sedimentation rate had a positive correlation with mean platelet volume, we found no correlation between NLR and other parameters of disease activity, PTX3, and interleukin-6. Conclusion We found no correlation between PTX3 and disease activity score 28 or NLR, although PTX3 levels were higher in RA patients than the controls. As a result, we were unable to establish a relationship between PTX3 and disease activity, directly or indirectly. To our knowledge, our study was the first to investigate the relationship between PTX3 and NLR.
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Pavanello S, Stendardo M, Mastrangelo G, Bonci M, Bottazzi B, Campisi M, Nardini M, Leone R, Mantovani A, Boschetto P. Inflammatory Long Pentraxin 3 is Associated with Leukocyte Telomere Length in Night-Shift Workers. Front Immunol 2017; 8:516. [PMID: 28536575 PMCID: PMC5422482 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is an emerging worldwide threat to public health, even in the workplace, as it links with risk of illness and death. Bewildered inflammatory responses and stressful conditions associate with age-related disorders. Additionally, circadian rhythm disruption, a critical health issue in night-shift workers, correlates with premature aging. We investigated the hypothesis of a link between altered inflammatory response, detected by plasmatic long pentraxin 3 (PTX3), and biological aging, measured by leukocyte telomere length (LTL), attrition, and possibly induced by night-shift work. Within the framework of a cross-sectional study, such possible relationships were appraised by simultaneous equation model (SEM) technique among day and night-shift hospital workers. PTX3 levels, modulated by several aging conditions [i.e., body mass index (BMI) (beta = −0.22; p = 0.022), C-reactive protein (CRP) (beta = −0.07; p = 0.000), and cardiovascular diseases with hypertension included (CVD) (beta = −0.12; p = 0.000)], positively associate with LTL (coefficient = 0.15; p = 0.033). LTL, in turn is reduced by CVD (beta = −0.15; p = 0.000), binge drinking (beta = −0.10; p = 0.004), and CRP (beta = −0.05; p = 0.026). On the other hand, night-shift work, found to be remarkably free from aging risk factors [i.e., age (beta = −0.13; p = 0.017), BMI (beta = −0.17; p = 0.030), CVD (beta = −0.14; p = 0.000), and binge drinking (beta = −0.13; p = 0.000)], does associate almost significantly with reversed PTX3 (coefficient = −0.09; p = 0.089) and even with CRP (beta = 0.17; p = 0.000). In conclusion, the SEM analysis indicates that PTX3 is positively linked to LTL. The finding suggests a possible new role of this long pentraxin that, by orchestrating an efficient governance of inflammatory processes, may protect telomere from attrition, ensuring therefore the genetic stability of cells. The higher CRP levels among night-shift workers suggest that night-shift work is associated with increased systemic inflammation. This would make nocturnal workers more susceptible to premature aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Pavanello
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Mastrangelo
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Melissa Bonci
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Barbara Bottazzi
- Laboratory of Research in Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Campisi
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Nardini
- Department of Prevention and Protection, University-Hospital and Public Health Service of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberto Leone
- Laboratory of Research in Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Laboratory of Research in Immunology and Inflammation, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Piera Boschetto
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Alipour-Parsa S, Haybar H, Namazi MH, Safi M, Khaheshi I, Memaryan M, Eghbalnejad-Mofrad AM. Evaluation of pentraxin-3 level and its related factors in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. ARYA ATHEROSCLEROSIS 2017; 13:73-78. [PMID: 29026413 PMCID: PMC5628854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation has an important role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis, and acute phase proteins such as pentraxin-3 (PTX3) can be deployed in determining the prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). So the purpose of this paper was to evaluate the PTX3 level and its related factors in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS In this cross-sectional study, the PTX3 levels were determined for 100 patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction referred to the Modarres Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Checklist included demographic data [age, gender, history of myocardial infarction (MI)] and characteristics of heart disease (type of MI, culprit, and pre-dilation). PTX3 was measured for all patients before PCI. RESULTS In this study, the mean age of the participants was 58.7 (11.4). Global registry of acute coronary events (GRACE) score was higher in the group with abnormal PTX3 levels (P = 0.008). The number of the involved vessels (P = 0.005), MI type (P = 0.05), and the need for PCI all had a significant relation with abnormal PTX3 levels. The increased levels of PTX3 received higher Killip class, lower ejection fraction, and higher GRACE score. The group with abnormal PTX3 had a significant difference in platelet counts (P = 0.018) in comparison with the group with normal level of PTX3. CONCLUSION Currently, the biomarkers are highly important in the field of cardiovascular diseases. The diagnostic and prognostic importance of PTX3 as a new marker has been underscored in recent studies. Differentiating between high-risk patients with acute cardiac infarction and low-risk ones through their clinical signs is difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Alipour-Parsa
- Associate Professor, Cardiovascular Research Center AND Department of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Habib Haybar
- Assistant Professor, Cardiovascular Research Center AND Department of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Namazi
- Professor, Cardiovascular Research Center AND Department of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Safi
- Professor, Cardiovascular Research Center AND Department of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Isa Khaheshi
- Assistant Professor, Cardiovascular Research Center AND Department of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Memaryan
- Cardiologist, Cardiovascular Research Center AND Department of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Mohammad Eghbalnejad-Mofrad
- Student of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Department of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,Correspondence to: Amir Mohammad Eghbalnejad-Mofrad,
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Anti-rheumatic treatment is not associated with reduction of pentraxin 3 in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169830. [PMID: 28225768 PMCID: PMC5321277 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pentraxin 3 is proposed to be a marker of inflammation and cardiovascular risk, but its role in inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRDs) is still uncertain. Therefore, we wanted to examine if anti-rheumatic treatment reduced serum PTX3 (s-PTX3) levels in IRDs, and if s-PTX3 levels were related to other markers of inflammation and to endothelial function (EF). Methods We examined s-PTX3, EF and established inflammatory biomarkers in 114 IRD patients from the PSARA study before and after 6 weeks and 6 months of treatment with methotrexate (MTX) or anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (anti-TNF) therapy with or without MTX co-medication. Results s-PTX3 levels in all IRD diagnoses were above the upper limit of the reference range. In contrast to established inflammatory markers, in particular CRP and ESR, s-PTX3 levels did not change significantly after 6 weeks and 6 months of anti-rheumatic therapy. There was no difference in change in s-PTX3 levels from baseline to 6 weeks and 6 months between MTX monotherapy and anti-TNF regimens. CRP, ESR and EF were not related to changes in s-PTX3 neither in crude nor adjusted analyses. Conclusion IRD patients have increased s-PTX3 levels, which, in contrast to other inflammatory markers, do not seem to improve within 6 months of therapy with MTX and/or anti-TNF. Thus, s-PTX3 might reflect a persisting immune process, even a causal factor of inflammation, not inhibited by the standard anti-rheumatic treatment. Furthermore, even though s-PTX3 is thought to be a strong predictor of cardiovascular prognosis, it was not related to EF.
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Haybar H, Payami B, Khaheshi I, Ghotbi Y, Latifi SM, Assareh A. Interesting Correlation Between the Circulating Pentraxin 3 and Cardiac Rehabilitation Program Outcomes in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Patients. Cardiol Res 2017; 7:59-65. [PMID: 28197270 PMCID: PMC5295543 DOI: 10.14740/cr462w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an inflammatory mediator, reaches to the high levels after ischemic heart diseases (IHD) and could be a helpful tool to predict cardiac rehabilitation (CR) outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of the circulating levels of PTX3 in prediction of CR outcomes in patients with IHD who had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods One hundred patients who had undergone CABG were included in this study. The CR plan was started 6 weeks after CABG and then PTX3 level, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), ejection fraction (EF) and metabolic equivalent (MET) were assessed before and after the CR program. Finally, all gathered data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Results After a 3-month course of CR program, EF, MET, PTX3 and hs-CRP values changed. Statistically significant changes were observed in EF, MET and PTX3 values (P < 0.05) after the CR program and no statistically significant changes were seen in hs-CRP value (P = 0.546) at the end of CR program. Correlations between EF levels and MET with pre-PTX3 levels were also assessed and most changes were observed in the group with pre-PTX3 level more than 0.40 ng/dL. Conclusion Our study showed that a regular sufficient CR program based on exercises in IHD patients after CABG increases EF and MET levels, particularly in those patients with pre-PTX3 levels more than 0.40 ng/dL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Haybar
- Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Babak Payami
- Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Isa Khaheshi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Modarres Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Ghotbi
- Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Latifi
- Health Research Institute, Diabetes Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Bonacina F, Barbieri SS, Cutuli L, Amadio P, Doni A, Sironi M, Tartari S, Mantovani A, Bottazzi B, Garlanda C, Tremoli E, Catapano AL, Norata GD. Vascular pentraxin 3 controls arterial thrombosis by targeting collagen and fibrinogen induced platelets aggregation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:1182-90. [PMID: 26976330 PMCID: PMC4856734 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aim The long pentraxin PTX3 plays a non-redundant role during acute myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis and in the orchestration of tissue repair and remodeling during vascular injury, clotting and fibrin deposition. The aim of this work is to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective role of PTX3 during arterial thrombosis. Methods and results PTX3 KO mice transplanted with bone marrow from WT or PTX3 KO mice presented a significant reduction in carotid artery blood flow following FeCl3 induced arterial thrombosis (− 80.36 ± 11.5% and − 95.53 ± 4.46%), while in WT mice transplanted with bone marrow from either WT or PTX3 KO mice, the reduction was less dramatic (− 45.55 ± 1.37% and − 53.39 ± 9.8%), thus pointing to a protective effect independent of a hematopoietic cell's derived PTX3. By using P-selectin/PTX3 double KO mice, we further excluded a role for P-selectin, a target of PTX3 released by neutrophils, in vascular protection played by PTX3. In agreement with a minor role for hematopoietic cell-derived PTX3, platelet activation (assessed by flow cytometric expression of markers of platelet activation) was similar in PTX3 KO and WT mice as were haemostatic properties. Histological analysis indicated that PTX3 localizes within the thrombus and the vessel wall, and specific experiments with the N-terminal and the C-terminal PTX3 domain showed the ability of PTX3 to selectively dampen either fibrinogen or collagen induced platelet adhesion and aggregation. Conclusion PTX3 interacts with fibrinogen and collagen and, by dampening their pro-thrombotic effects, plays a protective role during arterial thrombosis. PTX3 deficiency in non-hematopoietic cells results in increased arterial thrombosis. Defects in the PTX3-P-selectin axis are not responsible for increased arterial thrombosis. PTX3 might limit the pro-thrombotic potential of fibrinogen and collagen on platelets adhesion and aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bonacina
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - S S Barbieri
- IRCCS, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Milan, Italy
| | - L Cutuli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - P Amadio
- IRCCS, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Milan, Italy
| | - A Doni
- IRCCS, Humanitas Research Foundation, Bruzzano, Milan, Italy
| | - M Sironi
- IRCCS, Humanitas Research Foundation, Bruzzano, Milan, Italy
| | - S Tartari
- IRCCS, Humanitas Research Foundation, Bruzzano, Milan, Italy
| | - A Mantovani
- IRCCS, Humanitas Research Foundation, Bruzzano, Milan, Italy
| | - B Bottazzi
- IRCCS, Humanitas Research Foundation, Bruzzano, Milan, Italy
| | - C Garlanda
- IRCCS, Humanitas Research Foundation, Bruzzano, Milan, Italy
| | - E Tremoli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCCS, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, Milan, Italy
| | - A L Catapano
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Multimedica, Milan, Italy.
| | - G D Norata
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; SISA Centre for the Study of Atherosclerosis, Bassini Hospital, Cinisello B, Milan, Italy; William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University, London, UK.
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Norimatsu K, Miura SI, Suematsu Y, Shiga Y, Miyase Y, Nakamura A, Zhang B, Saku K. Association between pentraxin 3 levels and aortic valve calcification. J Cardiol 2015; 68:76-82. [PMID: 26388550 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2015.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aortic valve calcification (AVC) reflects the state of aortic valve sclerosis (AVS), which is a precursor to aortic valve stenosis (AS). Therefore, we investigated the presence of AVC in patients who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA), which is an effective tool for evaluating early-stage AVC, and examined the association between plasma levels of pentraxin 3 (PTX3) and AVC. METHODS AND RESULTS The subjects consisted of 162 consecutive patients who underwent CTA and in whom we could measure plasma levels of PTX3. We divided the patients into an AVC group (n=42) and a non-AVC group (n=120), as assessed by CT. Furthermore, we divided the patients without AS, assessed by echocardiography, into non-AS AVC (n=23) and non-AS non-AVC groups (n=60). We analyzed the predictors of the presence of AVC in all patients by a logistic regression analysis. AVC was independently associated with PTX3, in addition to age, chronic kidney disease, and coronary artery calcification. We also examined the predictors of the presence of AVC in patients without AS. PTX3, in addition to age, was an independent predictor of the presence of AVC in patients without AS. Finally, we found that adding PTX3 to the model containing age improves the specificity and, therefore, positive predictive value for AVC. CONCLUSIONS PTX3, in addition to age, was shown to be an independent predictor of AVC in patients without AS. The combination of age and PTX3 may be a better approach to the evaluation of AVC than either of these alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Norimatsu
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Miura
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Therapeutics, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Yasunori Suematsu
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuhei Shiga
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuiko Miyase
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ayumi Nakamura
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keijiro Saku
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Therapeutics, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
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Association of Serum Pentraxin-3 and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein with the Extent of Coronary Stenosis in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography. J Med Biochem 2015; 34:440-449. [PMID: 28356853 PMCID: PMC4922362 DOI: 10.2478/jomb-2014-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We compared factors of inflammation – high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and pentraxin-3 (PTX3), and we explored their relationship with coronary artery disease (CAD). Also, we tested the usefulness of hsCRP and PTX3 in the risk assessment of coronary stenosis development and the diagnostic ability of these biomarkers to detect disease severity. Methods The study group consisted of 93 CAD patients undergoing coronary angiography. Patients were divided into CAD(0), representing subclinical stenosis, and CAD (1–3), representing significant stenosis in one, two or three vessels. Results We determined the concentration of lipid status parameters, hsCRP and PTX3. We found significantly lower PTX3 and hsCRP concentrations in CAD(0) than in CAD(1–3) group. Concentration of PTX3 showed an increasing trend with the increasing number of vessels affected. The area under ROC curve (AUC) for the combinations of hsCRP and PTX3 with lipid parameters had useful accuracy for detecting CAD(1–3) patients (AUC=0.770, p<0.001). Conclusion PTX3 is a promising independent diagnostic marker for identifying patients with CAD, and a useful indicator of disease progression. In all the analyses PTX3 showed better performance than hsCRP. A combination of PTX3, hsCRP with the lipid status parameters provides risk stratification of the development of coronary stenosis and better classification than their individual application.
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Mythili S, Malathi N. Diagnostic markers of acute myocardial infarction. Biomed Rep 2015; 3:743-748. [PMID: 26623010 DOI: 10.3892/br.2015.500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The highest risk of fatality occurs within the initial hours of onset of AMI. Thus, early diagnosis of cardiac ischemia is critical for the effective management of patients with AMI. Improper diagnosis of patients with chest pain often leads to inappropriate admission of patients without AMI and vice versa. In addition to clinical history, physical examination, accurate electrocardiogram findings and assessment of cardiac biomarkers have an important role in the early diagnosis of acute ischemia. The present review discusses in detail the various cardiac biomarkers released during the event of an AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabesan Mythili
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600116, India
| | - Narasimhan Malathi
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600116, India
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Kluz K, Parenica J, Kubkova L, Littnerova S, Tomandl J, Poloczek M, Toman O, Tesak M, Cermakova Z, Gottwaldova J, Manousek J, Pavkova Goldbergova M, Spinar J, Jarkovsky J. Unstable angina pectoris prior to ST elevation myocardial infarction in patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention has no influence on prognosis. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2015; 159:251-8. [DOI: 10.5507/bp.2014.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Markers of inflammation associated with plaque progression and instability in patients with carotid atherosclerosis. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:718329. [PMID: 25960621 PMCID: PMC4415469 DOI: 10.1155/2015/718329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the focal expression of a systemic disease affecting medium- and large-sized arteries, in which traditional cardiovascular risk factor and immune factors play a key role. It is well accepted that circulating biomarkers, including C-reactive protein and interleukin-6, reliably predict major cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction or death. However, the relevance of biomarkers of systemic inflammation to atherosclerosis progression in the carotid artery is less established. The large majority of clinical studies focused on the association between biomarkers and subclinical atherosclerosis, that is, carotid intima-media thickening (cIMT), which represents an earlier stage of the disease. The aim of this work is to review inflammatory biomarkers that were associated with a higher atherosclerotic burden, a faster disease progression, and features of plaque instability, such as inflammation or neovascularization, in patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaque, which represents an advanced stage of disease compared with cIMT. The association of biomarkers with the occurrence of cerebrovascular events, secondary to carotid plaque rupture, will also be presented. Currently, the degree of carotid artery stenosis is used to predict the risk of future cerebrovascular events in patients affected by carotid atherosclerosis. However, this strategy appears suboptimal. The identification of suitable biomarkers could provide a useful adjunctive criterion to ensure better risk stratification and optimize management.
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Zineldeen DH, Keshk WA, Ghazy AH, El-Barbary AM. Sucrose non-fermenting AMPK related kinase/Pentraxin 3 and DNA damage axis: a gateway to cardiovascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus among Egyptian patients. Ann Clin Biochem 2015; 53:240-51. [DOI: 10.1177/0004563215578190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic multisystemic autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammatory processes and failure of immune-regulatory mechanisms. Systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease. In view of immunometabolic derangements of systemic lupus erythematosus, we investigated the roles of sucrose non-fermenting AMPK related kinase, Pentraxin 3, and DNA damage in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus complicated with cardiovascular disease. Methods Forty systemic lupus erythematosus women with cardiovascular disease (systemic lupus erythematosus cases), 40 systemic lupus erythematosus women without cardiovascular disease, and 40 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Demographic and clinical data were recorded. Plasma concentrations of sucrose non-fermenting AMPK related kinase and Pentraxin 3 were immunoassayed. Carotid intima media thickness, atherogenic, and DNA damage indices were also assessed. Results Plasma sucrose non-fermenting AMPK related kinase and Pentraxin 3 concentrations were increased in systemic lupus erythematosus cases with cardiovascular disease compared to systemic lupus erythematosus controls and healthy controls ( P < 0.0001). In systemic lupus erythematosus cases, there was a positive correlation between sucrose non-fermenting AMPK related kinase and Pentraxin 3 (r = 0.57, P < 0.002). Conclusions These data highlight a novel role of sucrose non-fermenting AMPK related kinase/Pentraxin 3 axis in systemic lupus erythematosus pathogenesis. Sucrose non-fermenting AMPK related kinase/Pentraxin 3 combined role in immunometabolic signaling and DNA damage response is proposed to accelerate cardiovascular complications in systemic lupus erythematosus patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Hussein Zineldeen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Walaa Arafa Keshk
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Amal Mohamed El-Barbary
- Department of Rheumatology & Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Nakamura A, Miura SI, Shiga Y, Norimatsu K, Miyase Y, Suematsu Y, Mitsutake R, Saku K. Is pentraxin 3 a biomarker, a player, or both in the context of coronary atherosclerosis and metabolic factors? Heart Vessels 2014; 30:752-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s00380-014-0553-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zanetti M, Zenti M, Barazzoni R, Zardi F, Semolic A, Messa MG, Mearelli F, Russi G, Fonda M, Scarano L, Bonora E, Cattin L. HELP LDL apheresis reduces plasma pentraxin 3 in familial hypercholesterolemia. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101290. [PMID: 25014007 PMCID: PMC4094380 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), a key component of the humoral arm of innate immunity, is secreted by vascular cells in response to injury, possibly aiming at tuning arterial activation associated with vascular damage. Severe hypercholesterolemia as in familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) promotes vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis; low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis is currently the treatment of choice to reduce plasma lipids in FH. HELP LDL apheresis affects pro- and antiinflammatory biomarkers, however its effects on PTX3 levels are unknown. We assessed the impact of FH and of LDL removal by HELP apheresis on PTX3. METHODS Plasma lipids, PTX3, and CRP were measured in 19 patients with FH undergoing chronic HELP LDL apheresis before and after treatment and in 20 control subjects. In the patients assessment of inflammation and oxidative stress markers included also plasma TNFα, fibrinogen and TBARS. RESULTS At baseline, FH patients had higher (p = 0.0002) plasma PTX3 than matched control subjects. In FH PTX3 correlated positively (p≤0.05) with age, gender and CRP and negatively (p = 0.01) with HELP LDL apheresis vintage. The latter association was confirmed after correction for age, gender and CRP. HELP LDL apheresis acutely reduced (p≤0.04) plasma PTX3, CRP, fibrinogen, TBARS and lipids, but not TNFα. No association was observed between mean decrease in PTX3 and in LDL cholesterol. PTX3 paralleled lipids, oxidative stress and inflammation markers in time-course study. CONCLUSION FH is associated with increased plasma PTX3, which is acutely reduced by HELP LDL apheresis independently of LDL cholesterol, as reflected by the lack of association between change in PTX3 and in LDL levels. These results, together with the finding of a negative relationship between PTX3 and duration of treatment suggest that HELP LDL apheresis may influence both acutely and chronically cardiovascular outcomes in FH by modulating PTX3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Zanetti
- Clinica Medica, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Zenti
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Rocco Barazzoni
- Clinica Medica, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Federica Zardi
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Annamaria Semolic
- Clinica Medica, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Michele Giuseppe Messa
- Nephrology, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Filippo Mearelli
- Clinica Medica, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Russi
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Unit, Ospedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fonda
- Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Scarano
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Unit, Ospedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Enzo Bonora
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luigi Cattin
- Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Pentraxin 3 promotes oxLDL uptake and inhibits cholesterol efflux from macrophage-derived foam cells. Exp Mol Pathol 2014; 96:292-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Jenny NS, Blumenthal RS, Kronmal RA, Rotter JI, Siscovick DS, Psaty BM. Associations of pentraxin 3 with cardiovascular disease: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. J Thromb Haemost 2014; 12:999-1005. [PMID: 24628740 PMCID: PMC4055511 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is probably a specific marker of vascular inflammation. However, associations of PTX3 with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk have not been well studied in healthy adults or multi-ethnic populations. We examined associations of PTX3 with CVD risk factors, measures of subclinical CVD, coronary artery calcification (CAC) and CVD events in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. APPROACH AND RESULTS Two thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight participants free of prevalent CVD with measurements of PTX3 were included in the present study. After adjustment for age, sex, and ethnicity, PTX3 was positively associated with age, obesity, insulin, systolic blood pressure, C-reactive protein (CRP), and carotid intima-media thickness (all P < 0.045). A one standard deviation increase in PTX3 level (1.62 ng mL(-1) ) was associated with the presence of CAC in fully adjusted models including multiple CVD risk factors (relative risk of 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.08). In fully adjusted models, a standard deviation higher level of PTX3 was associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction (hazard ratio [HR] 1.51; 95% [CI] 1.16-1.97), combined CVD events (HR 1.23; 95% [CI] 1.05-1.45), and combined CHD events (HR 1.33; 95% [CI] 1.10-1.60), but not stroke, CVD-related mortality, or all-cause death. CONCLUSIONS In these apparently healthy adults, PTX3 was associated with CVD risk factors, subclinical CVD, CAC and incident coronary heart disease events independently of CRP and CVD risk factors. These results support the hypothesis that PTX3 reflects different aspects of inflammation than CRP, and may provide additional insights into the development and progression of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Swords Jenny
- Department of Pathology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT
| | - Roger S. Blumenthal
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Richard A. Kronmal
- Collaborative Health Studies Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - David S. Siscovick
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Services, Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA
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Baragetti A, Knoflach M, Cuccovillo I, Grigore L, Casula M, Garlaschelli K, Mantovani A, Wick G, Kiechl S, Willeit J, Bottazzi B, Catapano AL, Norata GD. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) plasma levels and carotid intima media thickness progression in the general population. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24:518-523. [PMID: 24462365 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2013.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an essential component of the humoral arm of innate immunity and, like C-reactive protein, is independently associated with the risk of developing vascular events. Aim of this study was to investigate, in two large population-based surveys, the Bruneck Study and the PLIC Study, whether PTX3 plasma levels predict the progression of common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT), a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis, in the general population during 5 or 6 years of follow-up. RESULTS In the Bruneck Study, PTX3 plasma levels did not predict a faster progression of CCA-IMT either in the carotid artery or in the femoral artery. This finding was confirmed in the PLIC Study where subjects within the highest tertile of PTX3 did not show an increased progression of CCA-IMT. PTX3 plasma levels were also not associated with the fastest maximum IMT progression. In summary, in more than 2400 subjects from the general population, PTX3 plasma level is neither an independent predictor of progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in different arterial territories, including carotid and femoral arteries nor of incident cardiovascular events. CONCLUSION These findings support the relevance of investigating the predictive value of PTX3 plasma levels only in specific settings, like overt CVD, heart failure or acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Baragetti
- Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, Bassini Hospital, Cinisello Balsamo, Milan, Italy; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - M Knoflach
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - I Cuccovillo
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - L Grigore
- Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, Bassini Hospital, Cinisello Balsamo, Milan, Italy
| | - M Casula
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - K Garlaschelli
- Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, Bassini Hospital, Cinisello Balsamo, Milan, Italy
| | - A Mantovani
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G Wick
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity, Biocenter, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - S Kiechl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J Willeit
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - B Bottazzi
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - A L Catapano
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy; IRCCS Multimedica, Milan, Italy.
| | - G D Norata
- Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, Bassini Hospital, Cinisello Balsamo, Milan, Italy; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy; The Blizard Institute, Centre for Diabetes, Barts and The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University, London, UK.
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Kunes P, Mandak J, Holubcova Z, Kolackova M, Krejsek J. The long pentraxin PTX3: a candidate anti-inflammatory mediator in cardiac surgery. Perfusion 2013; 28:377-89. [DOI: 10.1177/0267659113483799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is performed with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and cardioplegic arrest (CA) of the heart. The advantage of this technique, alternatively referred to as “on-pump” surgery, resides, for the surgeon, in relatively easy access to and manipulation with the non-beating, bloodless heart. However, the advantage that is, thereby, gained by the patient is paid off by an increased susceptibility to postoperative systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Under unfavorable conditions, the inflammatory syndrome may develop into life-threatening forms of MODS (multiple organ dysfunction syndrome) or even MOFS (multiple organ failure syndrome). Deliberate avoidance of CPB, also known as “off-pump” surgery, attenuates early postoperative inflammation throughout its trajectory of SIRS→MODS→MOFS, but, in the long run, there appears to be no substantial difference in the overall mortality rates. In the last years, our knowledge of the pathophysiology of surgical inflammation has increased considerably. Recent findings, highlighting the as yet rather obscure role of pentraxin 3 (PTX3) in these processes, are discussed in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kunes
- Deparment of Cardiac Surgery, Charles University in Prague, Medical School and University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - J Mandak
- Deparment of Cardiac Surgery, Charles University in Prague, Medical School and University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Z Holubcova
- Deparment of Cardiac Surgery, Charles University in Prague, Medical School and University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - M Kolackova
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Charles University in Prague, Medical School and University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - J Krejsek
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Charles University in Prague, Medical School and University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Long pentraxin 3: experimental and clinical relevance in cardiovascular diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2013; 2013:725102. [PMID: 23690668 PMCID: PMC3649691 DOI: 10.1155/2013/725102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an essential component of the humoral arm of innate immunity and belongs, together with the C-reactive protein (CRP) and other acute phase proteins, to the pentraxins' superfamily: soluble, multifunctional, pattern recognition proteins. Pentraxins share a common C-terminal pentraxin domain, which in the case of PTX3 is coupled to an unrelated long N-terminal domain. PTX3 in humans, like CRP, correlates with surrogate markers of atherosclerosis and is independently associated with the risk of developing vascular events. Studies addressing the potential physiopathological role of CRP in the cardiovascular system were so far inconclusive and have been limited by the fact that the sequence and regulation have not been conserved during evolution between mouse and man. On the contrary, the conservation of sequence, gene organization, and regulation of PTX3 supports the translation of animal model findings in humans. While PTX3 deficiency is associated with increased inflammation, cardiac damage, and atherosclerosis, the overexpression limits carotid restenosis after angioplasty. These observations point to a cardiovascular protective effect of PTX3 potentially associated with the ability of tuning inflammation and favor the hypothesis that the increased levels of PTX3 in subjects with cardiovascular diseases may reflect a protective physiological mechanism, which correlates with the immunoinflammatory response observed in several cardiovascular disorders.
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