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Nguyen A, Sung Y, Lee SH, Martin CE, Srikanth S, Chen W, Kang MK, Kim RH, Park NH, Gwack Y, Kim Y, Shin KH. Orai3 Calcium Channel Contributes to Oral/Oropharyngeal Cancer Stemness through the Elevation of ID1 Expression. Cells 2023; 12:2225. [PMID: 37759448 PMCID: PMC10527097 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that intracellular calcium (Ca2+) levels and their regulatory proteins play essential roles in normal stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are subpopulations of cancer cells that retain characteristics similar to stem cells and play an essential role in cancer progression. Recent studies have reported that the Orai3 calcium channel plays an oncogenic role in human cancer. However, its role in CSCs remains underexplored. In this study, we explored the effects of Orai3 in the progression and stemness of oral/oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). During the course of OSCC progression, the expression of Orai3 exhibited a stepwise augmentation. Notably, Orai3 was highly enriched in CSC populations of OSCC. Ectopic Orai3 expression in non-tumorigenic immortalized oral epithelial cells increased the intracellular Ca2+ levels, acquiring malignant growth and CSC properties. Conversely, silencing of the endogenous Orai3 in OSCC cells suppressed the CSC phenotype, indicating a pivotal role of Orai3 in CSC regulation. Moreover, Orai3 markedly increased the expression of inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (ID1), a stemness transcription factor. Orai3 and ID1 exhibited elevated expression within CSCs compared to their non-CSC counterparts, implying the functional importance of the Orai3/ID1 axis in CSC regulation. Furthermore, suppression of ID1 abrogated the CSC phenotype in the cell with ectopic Orai3 overexpression and OSCC. Our study reveals that Orai3 is a novel functional CSC regulator in OSCC and further suggests that Orai3 plays an oncogenic role in OSCC by promoting cancer stemness via ID1 upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Nguyen
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (A.N.)
| | - Youngjae Sung
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (A.N.)
| | - Sung Hee Lee
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (A.N.)
| | - Charlotte Ellen Martin
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (A.N.)
| | - Sonal Srikanth
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (A.N.)
| | - Mo K. Kang
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (A.N.)
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Reuben H. Kim
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (A.N.)
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - No-Hee Park
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (A.N.)
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yousang Gwack
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yong Kim
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Cancer Epigenetics, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- UCLA Broad Stem Cell Research Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ki-Hyuk Shin
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (A.N.)
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Janke EK, Chalmers SB, Roberts-Thomson SJ, Monteith GR. Intersection between calcium signalling and epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity in the context of cancer. Cell Calcium 2023; 112:102741. [PMID: 37060674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2023.102741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a form of cellular phenotypic plasticity and is considered a crucial step in the progression of many cancers. The calcium ion (Ca2+) acts as a ubiquitous second messenger and is implicated in many cellular processes, including cell death, migration, invasion and more recently EMT. Throughout this review, the complex interplay between Ca2+ signalling and EMT will be explored. An overview of the Ca2+ pathways that are remodelled as a consequence of EMT is provided and the role of Ca2+ signalling in regulating EMT and its significance is considered. Ca2+ signalling pathways may represent a therapeutic opportunity to regulate EMT. However, as will be described in this review, the complexity of these signalling pathways represents significant challenges that must be considered if Ca2+ signalling is to be manipulated with the aim of therapeutic intervention in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen K Janke
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia
| | - Silke B Chalmers
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Nordre Ringgade 1, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Sarah J Roberts-Thomson
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia
| | - Gregory R Monteith
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia.
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3
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Wang H, Mi K. Emerging roles of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the cellular plasticity of cancer cells. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1110881. [PMID: 36890838 PMCID: PMC9986440 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1110881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular plasticity is a well-known dynamic feature of tumor cells that endows tumors with heterogeneity and therapeutic resistance and alters their invasion-metastasis progression, stemness, and drug sensitivity, thereby posing a major challenge to cancer therapy. It is becoming increasingly clear that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a hallmark of cancer. The dysregulated expression of ER stress sensors and the activation of downstream signaling pathways play a role in the regulation of tumor progression and cellular response to various challenges. Moreover, mounting evidence implicates ER stress in the regulation of cancer cell plasticity, including epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity, drug resistance phenotype, cancer stem cell phenotype, and vasculogenic mimicry phenotype plasticity. ER stress influences several malignant characteristics of tumor cells, including epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), stem cell maintenance, angiogenic function, and tumor cell sensitivity to targeted therapy. The emerging links between ER stress and cancer cell plasticity that are implicated in tumor progression and chemoresistance are discussed in this review, which may aid in formulating strategies to target ER stress and cancer cell plasticity in anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Breast Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun Mi
- Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Acid Adaptation Promotes TRPC1 Plasma Membrane Localization Leading to Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cell Proliferation and Migration through Ca 2+ Entry and Interaction with PI3K/CaM. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194946. [PMID: 36230869 PMCID: PMC9563726 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest cancers globally, with a 5-year overall survival of less than 10%. The development and progression of PDAC are linked to its fluctuating acidic tumor microenvironment. Ion channels act as important sensors of this acidic tumor microenvironment. They transduce extracellular signals and regulate signaling pathways involved in all hallmarks of cancer. In this study, we evaluated the interplay between a pH-sensitive ion channel, the calcium (Ca2+) channel transient receptor potential C1 (TRPC1), and three different stages of the tumor microenvironment, normal pH, acid adaptation, and acid recovery, and its impact on PDAC cell migration, proliferation, and cell cycle progression. In acid adaptation and recovery conditions, TRPC1 localizes to the plasma membrane, where it interacts with PI3K and calmodulin, and permits Ca2+ entry, which results in downstream signaling, leading to proliferation and migration. Thus, TRPC1 exerts a more aggressive role after adaptation to the acidic tumor microenvironment. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal malignancies, with a low overall survival rate of less than 10% and limited therapeutic options. Fluctuations in tumor microenvironment pH are a hallmark of PDAC development and progression. Many ion channels are bona fide cellular sensors of changes in pH. Yet, the interplay between the acidic tumor microenvironment and ion channel regulation in PDAC is poorly understood. In this study, we show that acid adaption increases PANC-1 cell migration but attenuates proliferation and spheroid growth, which are restored upon recovery. Moreover, acid adaptation and recovery conditions favor the plasma membrane localization of the pH-sensitive calcium (Ca2+) channel transient receptor potential C1 (TRPC1), TRPC1-mediated Ca2+ influx, channel interaction with the PI3K p85α subunit and calmodulin (CaM), and AKT and ERK1/2 activation. Knockdown (KD) of TRPC1 suppresses cell migration, proliferation, and spheroid growth, notably in acid-recovered cells. KD of TRPC1 causes the accumulation of cells in G0/G1 and G2/M phases, along with reduced expression of CDK6, −2, and −1, and cyclin A, and increased expression of p21CIP1. TRPC1 silencing decreases the basal Ca2+ influx in acid-adapted and -recovered cells, but not in normal pH conditions, and Ca2+ chelation reduces cell migration and proliferation solely in acid adaptation and recovery conditions. In conclusion, acid adaptation and recovery reinforce the involvement of TRPC1 in migration, proliferation, and cell cycle progression by permitting Ca2+ entry and forming a complex with the PI3K p85α subunit and CaM.
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Min WL, Wang BF, Liang BB, Zhang L, Pan JY, Huang Y, Zhao Y, Lin S, Zhao YH, Zhang SQ, Ma QY. A ROS/Akt/NF-κB Signaling Cascade Mediates Epidermal Growth Factor-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Invasion in Human Breast Cancer Cells. World J Oncol 2022; 13:289-298. [PMID: 36406192 PMCID: PMC9635793 DOI: 10.14740/wjon1518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As one of the most widely used anti-diabetic drugs for type II diabetes, metformin has been shown to exhibit anti-cancer activity in recent years. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor, EGFR, play important roles in cancer metastasis in various tumors, including breast cancer. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process for cancer invasion and metastasis. In this study, we use EGF as a metastatic inducer to investigate the effect of metformin on cancer cell migration, invasion and EMT. METHODS Human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were exposed to EGF with or without metformin or N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). The effects of metformin on breast cancer cell proliferation were analyzed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was tested using 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorecein diacetate (DCFH-DA). The migratory and invasive abilities of tumor cells were analyzed using wound healing assay and transwell invasion assay, respectively. The expressions of E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Snail were tested using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting at mRNA and protein levels. The activation of protein kinase B (Akt) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were measured by western blotting. RESULTS Our results showed that metformin inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner with or without EGF. EGF-induced alterations in cell morphology that are characteristic of EMT were reversed by metformin. Metformin also inhibited the EGF-modulated expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Snail and further suppressed cell invasion and migration. In addition, metformin suppressed EGF-induced phosphorylation of Akt and NF-κB. ROS is involved in EGF-induced cancer invasion and activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION Taken together, these data indicate that metformin suppresses EGF-induced breast cancer cell migration, invasion and EMT through the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway. These results provide a novel mechanism to explain the role of metformin as a potent anti-metastatic agent in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li Min
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China,These authors contributed equally to this work.,Corresponding Author: Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China.
| | - Bao Feng Wang
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Bao Bao Liang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Lun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Ji Yuan Pan
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, Xi’an Chest Hospital, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Shuai Lin
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Yi Han Zhao
- Special Stomatology Department, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Shu Qun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Qing Yong Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
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Bong AHL, Hua T, So CL, Peters AA, Robitaille M, Tan YY, Roberts-Thomson SJ, Monteith GR. AKT Regulation of ORAI1-Mediated Calcium Influx in Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194794. [PMID: 36230716 PMCID: PMC9562175 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary A remodeling in calcium homeostasis and the protein kinase AKT signaling pathway often promotes tumorigenic traits in cancer cells. Changes in calcium signaling can be mediated through altered expression or activity of calcium channels and pumps, which constitute a class of targetable therapeutic targets. Currently, the interplay between the two signaling pathways in breast cancer cells is unclear. A better understanding of the association between calcium and AKT signaling, and the molecular players involved may identify novel therapeutic strategies for breast cancers with abnormal AKT signaling. Using fluorescence calcium imaging and gene silencing/knockout techniques, we showed that increased AKT activation results in increased calcium entry, and that this is mediated through ORAI1 calcium channels. Future studies exploring therapeutic strategies to target PTEN-deficient or hyperactivated AKT cancers should consider this novel correlation between AKT activation and ORAI1-mediated calcium influx. Abstract Although breast cancer cells often exhibit both abnormal AKT signaling and calcium signaling, the association between these two pathways is unclear. Using a combination of pharmacological tools, siRNA and CRISPR/Cas9 gene silencing techniques, we investigated the association between PTEN, AKT phosphorylation and calcium signaling in a basal breast cancer cell line. We found that siRNA-mediated PTEN silencing promotes AKT phosphorylation and calcium influx in MDA-MB-231 cells. This increase in AKT phosphorylation and calcium influx was phenocopied by the pharmacological AKT activator, SC79. The increased calcium influx associated with SC79 is inhibited by silencing AKT2, but not AKT1. This increase in calcium influx is suppressed when the store-operated calcium channel, ORAI1 is silenced. The results from this study open a novel avenue for therapeutic targeting of cancer cells with increased AKT activation. Given the association between ORAI1 and breast cancer, ORAI1 is a possible therapeutic target in cancers with abnormal AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Hui Li Bong
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Trinh Hua
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Choon Leng So
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Amelia A. Peters
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Mélanie Robitaille
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Yin Yi Tan
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | | | - Gregory R. Monteith
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
- Mater Research, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Wan H, Gao N, Lu W, Lu C, Chen J, Wang Y, Dong H. NCX1 coupled with TRPC1 to promote gastric cancer via Ca 2+/AKT/β-catenin pathway. Oncogene 2022; 41:4169-4182. [PMID: 35882979 PMCID: PMC9418000 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02412-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Plasma membrane Na+/Ca2+ exchanger 1 (NCX1) is a bidirectional ion transporter to operate in Ca2+ entry or exit modes, and TRPC1 is Ca2+-permeable channel. Both NCX1 and TRPC1 play critical roles in maintaining cytosolic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]cyt) homeostasis in mammalian cells. Although either TRPC1 channel or Ca2+ entry mode of NCX1 is implicated in some tumorigenesis, it has not been explored if a coordination of NCX1 and TRPC1 involves in the pathogenesis of H. pylori-associated human gastric cancer (GC). Here we found the protein expression of NCX1 was significantly enhanced in human GC specimens, which correlated with tumor progression and poor survival in GC patients. TRPC1 and NCX1 were parallelly enhanced, co-localized and bound in human GC cells. By a functional coupling, TRPC1 drives NCX1 to the Ca2+ entry mode, raising [Ca2+]cyt in GC cells. Moreover, CaCl2, H. pylori and their virulence factors all enhanced expressions and activities of NCX1 and TRPC1, and evoked aberrant Ca2+ entry to promote proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells through AKT/β-catenin pathway. Tumor growth and metastasis also depended on the enhanced expression of NCX1 in subcutaneously xenografted GC mouse model. Overall, our findings indicate that TRPC1/NCX1 coupling may promote H. pylori-associated GC through the Ca2+/AKT/β-catenin pathway. Since the Ca2+ exit mode and the Ca2+ entry mode of NCX1 play different roles under mostly physiological and pathological conditions respectively, targeting TRPC1/NCX1 coupling could be a novel strategy for selectively blocking Ca2+ entry mode to potentially treat digestive cancer with less side effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxing Wan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, #1 Ningde Road, Qingdao, 266073, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Nannan Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, #1 Ningde Road, Qingdao, 266073, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Yimin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, #1 Ningde Road, Qingdao, 266073, China. .,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
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The TRPC1 Channel Forms a PI3K/CaM Complex and Regulates Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cell Proliferation in a Ca2+-Independent Manner. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147923. [PMID: 35887266 PMCID: PMC9323718 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the transient receptor canonical ion channel (TRPC1) has been found in several cancer types, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms through which TRPC1 impacts pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell proliferation are incompletely understood. Here, we found that TRPC1 is upregulated in human PDAC tissue compared to adjacent pancreatic tissue and this higher expression correlates with low overall survival. TRPC1 is, as well, upregulated in the aggressive PDAC cell line PANC-1, compared to a duct-like cell line, and its knockdown (KD) reduced cell proliferation along with PANC-1 3D spheroid growth by arresting cells in the G1/S phase whilst decreasing cyclin A, CDK2, CDK6, and increasing p21CIP1 expression. In addition, the KD of TRPC1 neither affected Ca2+ influx nor store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) and reduced cell proliferation independently of extracellular calcium. Interestingly, TRPC1 interacted with the PI3K-p85α subunit and calmodulin (CaM); both the CaM protein level and AKT phosphorylation were reduced upon TRPC1 KD. In conclusion, our results show that TRPC1 regulates PDAC cell proliferation and cell cycle progression by interacting with PI3K-p85α and CaM through a Ca2+-independent pathway.
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Hegde M, Daimary UD, Jose S, Sajeev A, Chinnathambi A, Alharbi SA, Shakibaei M, Kunnumakkara AB. Differential Expression of Genes Regulating Store-operated Calcium Entry in Conjunction With Mitochondrial Dynamics as Potential Biomarkers for Cancer: A Single-Cell RNA Analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:866473. [PMID: 35711942 PMCID: PMC9197647 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.866473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of intracellular concentration of calcium levels is crucial for cell signaling, homeostasis, and in the pathology of diseases including cancer. Agonist-induced entry of calcium ions into the non-excitable cells is mediated by store-operated calcium channels (SOCs). This pathway is activated by the release of calcium ions from the endoplasmic reticulum and further regulated by the calcium uptake through mitochondria leading to calcium-dependent inactivation of calcium-release activated calcium channels (CARC). SOCs including stromal interaction molecules (STIM) and ORAI proteins have been implicated in tumor growth, progression, and metastasis. In the present study, we analyzed the mRNA and protein expression of genes mediating SOCs-STIM1, STIM2, ORAI1, ORAI2, ORAI3, TRPC1, TRPC3, TRPC4, TRPC5, TRPC6, TRPC7, TRPV1, TRPV2, TRPM1, and TRPM7 in head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSC) patients using TCGA and CPTAC analysis. Further, our in silico analysis showed a significant correlation between the expression of SOCs and genes involved in the mitochondrial dynamics (MDGs) both at mRNA and protein levels. Protein-protein docking results showed lower binding energy for SOCs with MDGs. Subsequently, we validated these results using gene expression and single-cell RNA sequencing datasets retrieved from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Single-cell gene expression analysis of HNSC tumor tissues revealed that SOCs expression is remarkably associated with the MDGs expression in both cancer and fibroblast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Uzini Devi Daimary
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Sandra Jose
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Anjana Sajeev
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Arunachalam Chinnathambi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati, India
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10
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TRP channel expression correlates with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and high-risk endometrial carcinoma. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:26. [PMID: 34936030 PMCID: PMC8732886 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04023-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels excel in cellular sensing as they allow rapid ion influx across the plasma membrane in response to a variety of extracellular cues. Recently, a distinct TRP mRNA expression signature was observed in stromal cells (ESC) and epithelial cells (EEC) of the endometrium, a tissue in which cell phenotypic plasticity is essential for normal functioning. However, it is unknown whether TRP channel mRNA expression is subject to the phenotypic switching that occurs during epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET), and whether TRP channel mRNA expression is associated with aggressive phenotypes in endometrial cancer (EC). Here, we induced EMT and MET in vitro using in primary EEC and ESC, respectively, and analyzed expression and functionality of TRP channels using RT-qPCR and intracellular Ca2+ imaging. The outcome of these experiments showed a strong association between TRPV2 and TRPC1 mRNA expression and the mesenchymal phenotype, whereas TRPM4 mRNA expression correlated with the epithelial phenotype. In line herewith, increased TRPV2 and TRPC1 mRNA expression levels were observed in both primary and metastatic EC biopsies and in primary EC cells with a high EMT status, indicating an association with an aggressive tumor phenotype. Remarkably, TRPV2 mRNA expression in primary EC biopsies was associated with tumor invasiveness and cancer stage. In contrast, increased TRPM4 mRNA expression was observed in EC biopsies with a low EMT status and less aggressive tumor phenotypes. Taken together, this dataset proved for the first time that TRP channel mRNA expression is strongly linked to cellular phenotypes of the endometrium, and that phenotypic transitions caused by either experimental manipulation or malignancy could alter this expression in a predictable manner. These results implicate that TRP channels are viable biomarkers to identify high-risk EC, and potential targets for EC treatment.
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Pterostilbene Changes Epigenetic Marks at Enhancer Regions of Oncogenes in Breast Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081232. [PMID: 34439480 PMCID: PMC8388921 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic aberrations are linked to sporadic breast cancer. Interestingly, certain dietary polyphenols with anti-cancer effects, such as pterostilbene (PTS), have been shown to regulate gene expression by altering epigenetic patterns. Our group has proposed the involvement of DNA methylation and DNA methyltransferase 3B (DNMT3B) as vital players in PTS-mediated suppression of candidate oncogenes and suggested a role of enhancers as target regions. In the present study, we assess a genome-wide impact of PTS on epigenetic marks at enhancers in highly invasive MCF10CA1a breast cancer cells. Following chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-sequencing in MCF10CA1a cells treated with 7 μM PTS for 9 days, we discovered that PTS leads to increased binding of DNMT3B at enhancers of 77 genes, and 17 of those genes display an overlapping decrease in the occupancy of trimethylation at lysine 36 of histone 3 (H3K36me3), a mark of active enhancers. We selected two genes, PITPNC1 and LINC00910, and found that their enhancers are hypermethylated in response to PTS. These changes coincided with the downregulation of gene expression. Of importance, we showed that 6 out of 17 target enhancers, including PITPNC1 and LINC00910, are bound by an oncogenic transcription factor OCT1 in MCF10CA1a cells. Indeed, the six enhancers corresponded to genes with established or putative cancer-driving functions. PTS led to a decrease in OCT1 binding at those enhancers, and OCT1 depletion resulted in PITPNC1 and LINC00910 downregulation, further demonstrating a role for OCT1 in transcriptional regulation. Our findings provide novel evidence for the epigenetic regulation of enhancer regions by dietary polyphenols in breast cancer cells.
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Elzamzamy OM, Johnson BE, Chen WC, Hu G, Penner R, Hazlehurst LA. Transient Receptor Potential C 1/4/5 Is a Determinant of MTI-101 Induced Calcium Influx and Cell Death in Multiple Myeloma. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061490. [PMID: 34199280 PMCID: PMC8231892 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a currently incurable hematologic cancer. Patients that initially respond to therapeutic intervention eventually relapse with drug resistant disease. Thus, novel treatment strategies are critically needed to improve patient outcomes. Our group has developed a novel cyclic peptide referred to as MTI-101 for the treatment of MM. We previously reported that acquired resistance to HYD-1, the linear form of MTI-101, correlated with the repression of genes involved in store operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE): PLCβ, SERCA, ITPR3, and TRPC1 expression. In this study, we sought to determine the role of TRPC1 heteromers in mediating MTI-101 induced cationic flux. Our data indicate that, consistent with the activation of TRPC heteromers, MTI-101 treatment induced Ca2+ and Na+ influx. However, replacing extracellular Na+ with NMDG did not reduce MTI-101-induced cell death. In contrast, decreasing extracellular Ca2+ reduced both MTI-101-induced Ca2+ influx as well as cell death. The causative role of TRPC heteromers was established by suppressing STIM1, TRPC1, TRPC4, or TRPC5 function both pharmacologically and by siRNA, resulting in a reduction in MTI-101-induced Ca2+ influx. Mechanistically, MTI-101 treatment induces trafficking of TRPC1 to the membrane and co-immunoprecipitation studies indicate that MTI-101 treatment induces a TRPC1-STIM1 complex. Moreover, treatment with calpeptin inhibited MTI-101-induced Ca2+ influx and cell death, indicating a role of calpain in the mechanism of MTI-101-induced cytotoxicity. Finally, components of the SOCE pathway were found to be poor prognostic indicators among MM patients, suggesting that this pathway is attractive for the treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama M. Elzamzamy
- Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
- WVU Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morganton, WV 26506, USA; (W.-C.C.); (G.H.)
| | - Brandon E. Johnson
- Center for Biomedical Research, The Queen’s Medical Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (B.E.J.); (R.P.)
| | - Wei-Chih Chen
- WVU Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morganton, WV 26506, USA; (W.-C.C.); (G.H.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morganton, WV 26506, USA
| | - Gangqing Hu
- WVU Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morganton, WV 26506, USA; (W.-C.C.); (G.H.)
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Reinhold Penner
- Center for Biomedical Research, The Queen’s Medical Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (B.E.J.); (R.P.)
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Lori A. Hazlehurst
- WVU Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morganton, WV 26506, USA; (W.-C.C.); (G.H.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morganton, WV 26506, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-304-293-3398
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Store-operated Ca 2+ entry as a key oncogenic Ca 2+ signaling driving tumor invasion-metastasis cascade and its translational potential. Cancer Lett 2021; 516:64-72. [PMID: 34089807 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is the primary cause of treatment failure and cancer-related deaths. Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), which is mediated by stromal interaction molecules (STIM) and ORAI proteins, has been implicated in the tumor invasion-metastasis cascade. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular program that enables tumor cells to acquire the capacities needed for migration and invasion and the formation of distal metastases. Tumor-associated angiogenesis contributes to metastasis because aberrantly developed vessels offer a path for tumor cell dissemination as well as supply sufficient nutrients for the metastatic colony to develop into metastasis. Recently, increasing evidence has indicated that SOCE alterations actively participate in the multi-step process of tumor metastasis. In addition, the dysregulated expression of STIM/ORAI has been reported to be a predictor of poor prognosis. Herein, we review the latest advances about the critical role of SOCE in the tumor metastasis cascade and the underlying regulatory mechanisms. We emphasize the contributions of SOCE to the EMT program, tumor cell migration and invasion, and angiogenesis. We further discuss the possibility of modulating SOCE or intervening in the downstream signaling pathways as a feasible targeting therapy for cancer treatment.
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Orai1 Channel Regulates Human-Activated Pancreatic Stellate Cell Proliferation and TGF β1 Secretion through the AKT Signaling Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102395. [PMID: 34063470 PMCID: PMC8156432 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Activated pancreatic stellate cells (aPSCs), the main source of cancer-associated fibroblasts in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), are well known as the key actor of the abundant fibrotic stroma development surrounding the tumor cells. In permanent communication with the tumor cells, they enhance PDAC early spreading and limit the drug delivery. However, the understanding of PSC activation mechanisms and the associated signaling pathways is still incomplete. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of Ca2+, and Orai1 Ca2+ channels, in two main PSC activation processes: cell proliferation and cytokine secretion. Indeed, Ca2+ is a versatile second messenger implicated in the regulation of numerous biological processes. We believe that a better comprehension of PSC Ca2+ -dependent activation mechanisms will bring up new crucial PDAC early prognostic markers or new targeting approaches in PDAC treatment. Abstract Activated pancreatic stellate cells (aPSCs), the crucial mediator of pancreatic desmoplasia, are characterized, among others, by high proliferative potential and abundant transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) secretion. Over the past years, the involvement of Ca2+ channels in PSC pathophysiology has attracted great interest in pancreatic cancer research. We, thus, aimed to investigate the role of the Orai1 Ca2+ channel in these two PSC activation processes. Using the siRNA approach, we invalided Orai1 expression and assessed the channel functionality by Ca2+ imaging, the effect on aPSC proliferation, and TGFβ1 secretion. We demonstrated the functional expression of the Orai1 channel in human aPSCs and its implication in the store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). Orai1 silencing led to a decrease in aPSC proliferation, TGFβ1 secretion, and AKT activation. Interestingly, TGFβ1 induced a higher SOCE response by increasing Orai1 mRNAs and proteins and promoted both AKT phosphorylation and cell proliferation, abolished by Orai1 silencing. Together, our results highlight the role of Orai1-mediated Ca2+ entry in human aPSC pathophysiology by controlling cell proliferation and TGFβ1 secretion through the AKT signaling pathway. Moreover, we showed a TGFβ1-induced autocrine positive feedback loop by promoting the Orai1/AKT-dependent proliferation via the stimulation of Orai1 expression and function.
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Ca 2+ Signaling as the Untact Mode during Signaling in Metastatic Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061473. [PMID: 33806911 PMCID: PMC8004807 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Intracellular Ca2+ signaling is a critical factor in breast cancer metastasis. In the proliferation stage, increases in intracellular Ca2+ concentration through voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, P2Y2 channels, transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, store-operated Ca2+ channels (SOCCs), and IP3 receptors and a decrease in intracellular Ca2+ concentration through plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPases and secretory pathway Ca2+ ATPases (SPCA) activate breast cancer cell proliferation. TRPM7, SOCC, inositol trisphosphate receptor (IP3R), ryanodine receptor (RyR), and sarco-/endo-plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) increase the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins; meanwhile, SPCA and the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) control the activation of EMT-related proteins. Increased Ca2+ through TRPC1, TRPM7/8, P2X7, and SOCC enhances breast cancer cell migration. The stromal interaction molecule (STIM)-Orai complex, P2X7, and Ca2+ sensing receptors are involved in invadopodia. Various pharmacological agents for Ca2+ channels have been proposed against breast cancer and have provided potential strategies for treating metastatic processes. Abstract Metastatic features of breast cancer in the brain are considered a common pathology in female patients with late-stage breast cancer. Ca2+ signaling and the overexpression pattern of Ca2+ channels have been regarded as oncogenic markers of breast cancer. In other words, breast tumor development can be mediated by inhibiting Ca2+ channels. Although the therapeutic potential of inhibiting Ca2+ channels against breast cancer has been demonstrated, the relationship between breast cancer metastasis and Ca2+ channels is not yet understood. Thus, we focused on the metastatic features of breast cancer and summarized the basic mechanisms of Ca2+-related proteins and channels during the stages of metastatic breast cancer by evaluating Ca2+ signaling. In particular, we highlighted the metastasis of breast tumors to the brain. Thus, modulating Ca2+ channels with Ca2+ channel inhibitors and combined applications will advance treatment strategies for breast cancer metastasis to the brain.
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Transient Receptor Potential Canonical Channels in Health and Disease: A 2020 Update. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030496. [PMID: 33668918 PMCID: PMC7996490 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Cantonero C, Camello PJ, Salido GM, Rosado JA, Redondo PC. TMEM97 facilitates the activation of SOCE by downregulating the association of cholesterol to Orai1 in MDA-MB-231 cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1866:158906. [PMID: 33618021 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.158906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The expression of TMEM97, a regulator of cholesterol transport, has been reported to be enhanced in some tumour cells. We have recently shown that TMEM97 is involved in the proliferation of the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, probably through changes in store-operated calcium entry (SOCE). By using silencing and overexpression of TMEM97 in MDA-MB-231 cells (two manoeuvres that either reduce or increase the calcium influx, respectively), we show enhanced cholesterol uptake in these cells as compared to the non-tumoral breast cell line, MCF10A. The enhanced cholesterol uptake in MDA-MB-231 cells was inhibited by silencing TMEM97, while overexpression of this protein increased cholesterol uptake in MCF10A cells and, therefore, indicating that this protein plays a role in the enhanced cholesterol uptake in MDA-MB-231 cancer cell line. TMEM97 silencing and overexpression resulted in an increase and decrease in the association of cholesterol to the SOCE calcium channel Orai1, respectively. Interestingly, silencing of TMEM97 in MDA-MB-231 cells significantly reduced the co-localization of Orai1 with the SOCE regulatory protein STIM1. Finally, neither silencing nor overexpression of TMEM97 altered SOCE in MDA-MB-231 cells transfected with the cholesterol insensible mutant of Orai1(Y80E). Our results reveal a novel regulatory mechanism of SOCE that relies on TMEM97 activity that courses through the reduction of the cholesterol content in the plasma membrane, and subsequently, by impairing its interaction with Orai1.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cantonero
- Department of Physiology (Phycell group), University of Extremadura, Caceres 10003, Spain
| | - P J Camello
- Department of Physiology (FIMUL group), University of Extremadura, Caceres 10003, Spain
| | - G M Salido
- Department of Physiology (Phycell group), University of Extremadura, Caceres 10003, Spain
| | - J A Rosado
- Department of Physiology (Phycell group), University of Extremadura, Caceres 10003, Spain
| | - P C Redondo
- Department of Physiology (Phycell group), University of Extremadura, Caceres 10003, Spain.
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18
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Targeting the purinergic pathway in breast cancer and its therapeutic applications. Purinergic Signal 2021; 17:179-200. [PMID: 33576905 PMCID: PMC7879595 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-020-09760-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent cause of death among women, representing a global public health problem. Here, we aimed to discuss the correlation between the purinergic system and BC, recognizing therapeutic targets. For this, we analyzed the interaction of extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides with the purinergic receptors P1 and P2, as well as the influence of ectonucleotidase enzymes (CD39 and CD73) on tumor progression. A comprehensive bibliographic search was carried out. The relevant articles for this review were found in the PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs, and ScienceDirect databases. It was observed that among the P1 receptors, the A1, A2A, and A2B receptors are involved in the proliferation and invasion of BC, while the A3 receptor is related to the inhibition of tumor growth. Among the P2 receptors, the P2X7 has a dual function. When activated for a short time, it promotes metastasis, but when activated for long periods, it is related to BC cell death. P2Y2 and P2Y6 receptors are related to BC proliferation and invasiveness. Also, the high expression of CD39 and CD73 in BC is strongly related to a worse prognosis. The receptors and ectonucleotidases involved with BC become possible therapeutic targets. Several purinergic pathways have been found to be involved in BC cell survival and progression. In this review, in addition to analyzing the pathways involved, we reviewed the therapeutic interventions already studied for BC related to the purinergic system, as well as to other possible therapeutic targets.
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Yang T, Wang P, Yin X, Zhang J, Huo M, Gao J, Li G, Teng X, Yu H, Huang W, Wang Y. The histone deacetylase inhibitor PCI-24781 impairs calcium influx and inhibits proliferation and metastasis in breast cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:2058-2076. [PMID: 33500709 PMCID: PMC7797697 DOI: 10.7150/thno.48314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are involved in key cellular processes and have been implicated in cancer. As such, compounds that target HDACs or drugs that target epigenetic markers may be potential candidates for cancer therapy. This study was therefore aimed to identify a potential epidrug with low toxicity and high efficiency as anti-tumor agents. Methods: We first screened an epigenetic small molecule inhibitor library to screen for an epidrug for breast cancer. The candidate was identified as PCI-24781 and was characterized for half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), for specificity to breast cancer cells, and for effects on carcinogenesis and metastatic properties of breast cancer cell lines in vitro. A series of in silico and in vitro analyses were further performed of PCI-24781 to identify and understand its target. Results: Screening of an epigenetic inhibitor library in MDA-MB-231 cells, a malignant cancer cell line, showed that PCI-24781 is a potential anti-tumor drug specific to breast cancer. Ca2+ related pathways were identified as a potential target of PCI-24781. Further analyses showed that PCI-24781 inhibited Gαq-PLCβ3-mediated calcium signaling by activating the expression of regulator of G-protein signaling 2 (RGS2) to reduce cell proliferation, metastasis, and differentiation, resulting in cell death in breast cancer. In addition, RGS2 depletion reversed anti-tumor effect and inhibition of calcium influx induced by PCI-24781 treatment in breast cancer cells. Conclusions: We have demonstrated that PCI-24781 is an effective anti-tumor therapeutic agent that targets calcium signaling by activating RGS2. This study also provides a novel perspective into the use of HDAC inhibitors for cancer therapy.
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21
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Zhang LY, Zhang YQ, Zeng YZ, Zhu JL, Chen H, Wei XL, Liu LJ. TRPC1 inhibits the proliferation and migration of estrogen receptor-positive Breast cancer and gives a better prognosis by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 182:21-33. [PMID: 32415497 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-05673-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies have indicated that transient receptor potential (TRP) channels can influence cancer development. The TRPC subfamily consists of seven subtypes, TRPC1 - TRPC7. Interestingly, the expression levels of TRPC1 have been shown to be totally different in different breast cancer cell lines. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we explore the significance of TRPC1 expression in breast cancer. METHODS Immunohistochemical TRPC1 staining was performed in 278 samples. TRPC1 expression in different breast tissues were examined. Then, the influence of TRPC1 on migration, invasion and proliferation was explored. We analyzed the protein of TRPC1 by Western blot to prove which pathway may be involved in. Finally, we use online database to predict the prognosis of TRPC1 in breast cancer. RESULTS Through immunohistochemistry and in vitro experiments, we found that the expression level of TRPC1 was higher in breast cancer cells as compared with that in normal breast epithelial cells. Moreover, the expression level of TRPC1 was different between estrogen receptor-positive (ER +) and -negative (ER -) breast cancer. It was shown that TRPC1 inhibited MCF7 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Western blotting revealed that TRPC1 inhibited the PI3K/AKT pathway and epithelium-mesenchymal transformation, leading to subsequent inhibition of cell proliferation and metastasis. In luminal A and luminal B patients, those with high TRPC1 expression had a better prognosis. On the contrary, in basal-like and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtypes, patients with high-TRPC1 expression had a worse prognosis. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed that TRPC1 was high expression in breast cancer. Overexpression of TRPC1 inhibits proliferation and migration of ER + breast cancer and gives a better prognosis by inhibiting PI3K/AKT pathway activation. TRPC1 may be an independent prognostic predictor in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ying Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, 515031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Qu Zhang
- Department of Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.7 Raoping Road, shantou, 515031, People's Republic of China
- Department of Breast-Thyroid-Surgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, 2000 Xiang'an East Road, Xiamen, 361101, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Zhu Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, 515031, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ling Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, 515031, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, 515031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Long Wei
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, 515031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li-Juan Liu
- Outpatient Department of Breast Center, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, 515031, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Lopez-Guerrero AM, Espinosa-Bermejo N, Sanchez-Lopez I, Macartney T, Pascual-Caro C, Orantos-Aguilera Y, Rodriguez-Ruiz L, Perez-Oliva AB, Mulero V, Pozo-Guisado E, Martin-Romero FJ. RAC1-Dependent ORAI1 Translocation to the Leading Edge Supports Lamellipodia Formation and Directional Persistence. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6580. [PMID: 32313105 PMCID: PMC7171199 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63353-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor invasion requires efficient cell migration, which is achieved by the generation of persistent and polarized lamellipodia. The generation of lamellipodia is supported by actin dynamics at the leading edge where a complex of proteins known as the WAVE regulatory complex (WRC) promotes the required assembly of actin filaments to push the front of the cell ahead. By using an U2OS osteosarcoma cell line with high metastatic potential, proven by a xenotransplant in zebrafish larvae, we have studied the role of the plasma membrane Ca2+ channel ORAI1 in this process. We have found that epidermal growth factor (EGF) triggered an enrichment of ORAI1 at the leading edge, where colocalized with cortactin (CTTN) and other members of the WRC, such as CYFIP1 and ARP2/3. ORAI1-CTTN co-precipitation was sensitive to the inhibition of the small GTPase RAC1, an upstream activator of the WRC. RAC1 potentiated ORAI1 translocation to the leading edge, increasing the availability of surface ORAI1 and increasing the plasma membrane ruffling. The role of ORAI1 at the leading edge was studied in genetically engineered U2OS cells lacking ORAI1 expression that helped us to prove the key role of this Ca2+ channel on lamellipodia formation, lamellipodial persistence, and cell directness, which are required for tumor cell invasiveness in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida M Lopez-Guerrero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences and Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, 06006, Spain
| | - Noelia Espinosa-Bermejo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences and Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, 06006, Spain
| | - Irene Sanchez-Lopez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences and Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, 06006, Spain
| | - Thomas Macartney
- MRC- Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Carlos Pascual-Caro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences and Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, 06006, Spain
| | - Yolanda Orantos-Aguilera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences and Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, 06006, Spain
| | - Lola Rodriguez-Ruiz
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - Ana B Perez-Oliva
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - Victoriano Mulero
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - Eulalia Pozo-Guisado
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine and Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, 06006, Spain.
| | - Francisco Javier Martin-Romero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences and Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, 06006, Spain.
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23
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Yang Z, Yue Z, Ma X, Xu Z. Calcium Homeostasis: A Potential Vicious Cycle of Bone Metastasis in Breast Cancers. Front Oncol 2020; 10:293. [PMID: 32211326 PMCID: PMC7076168 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers have been considered as one of the most severe health problems in the world. Efforts to elucidate the cancer progression reveal the importance of bone metastasis for tumor malignancy, one of the leading causes for high mortality rate. Multiple cancers develop bone metastasis, from which breast cancers exhibit the highest rate and have been well-recognized. Numerous cells and environmental factors have been believed to synergistically facilitate bone metastasis in breast cancers, from which breast cancer cells, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and their produced cytokines have been well-recognized to form a vicious cycle that aggravates tumor malignancy. Except the cytokines or chemokines, calcium ions are another element largely released from bones during bone metastasis that leads to hypercalcemia, however, have not been well-characterized yet in modulation of bone metastasis. Calcium ions act as a type of unique second messenger that exhibits omnipotent functions in numerous cells, including tumor cells, osteoclasts, and osteoblasts. Calcium ions cannot be produced in the cells and are dynamically fluxed among extracellular calcium pools, intracellular calcium storages and cytosolic calcium signals, namely calcium homeostasis, raising a possibility that calcium ions released from bone during bone metastasis would further enhance bone metastasis and aggravate tumor progression via the vicious cycle due to abnormal calcium homeostasis in breast cancer cells, osteoclasts and osteoblasts. TRPs, VGCCs, SOCE, and P2Xs are four major calcium channels/routes mediating extracellular calcium entry and affect calcium homeostasis. Here we will summarize the overall functions of these four calcium channels in breast cancer cells, osteoclasts and osteoblasts, providing evidence of calcium homeostasis as a vicious cycle in modulation of bone metastasis in breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfeng Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology Center for Microbiota & Immune Related Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiying Yue
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinrun Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology Center for Microbiota & Immune Related Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyao Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology Center for Microbiota & Immune Related Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Stewart TA, Davis FM. A Primary Cell and Organoid Platform for Evaluating Pharmacological Responses in Mammary Epithelial Cells. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2020; 3:63-75. [PMID: 32259089 PMCID: PMC7088941 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.9b00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
An essential process in predicting the in vivo pharmacological activity of a candidate molecule involves the evaluation of target responses using established model systems. While these models largely comprise immortalized cells, which are often serially passaged as monolayers on uniformly stiff substrates and are modified to overexpress one or more components of the pathway-of-interest, the importance of cell identity, heterogeneity, and three-dimensional (3D) context to target response is gaining increasing attention. Here, we assess intracellular calcium responses in mouse mammary epithelial cells in three distinct model systems: 3D primary organoids, 2D primary epithelial cells, and 2D immortalized cells. Specifically, we assess intracellular calcium responses to a number of extracellular signals implicated in the regulation of basal (or myoepithelial) cell function. These findings provide further insights into cell type and context-specific pharmacological responses in mammary epithelial cells and highlight the opportunities and challenges in the adoption of architecturally complex and heterogeneous in vitro assays in pharmacological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teneale A. Stewart
- Mater
Research-The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
- Translational
Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Felicity M. Davis
- Mater
Research-The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
- Translational
Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
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25
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Elzamzamy OM, Penner R, Hazlehurst LA. The Role of TRPC1 in Modulating Cancer Progression. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020388. [PMID: 32046188 PMCID: PMC7072717 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium ions (Ca2+) play an important role as second messengers in regulating a plethora of physiological and pathological processes, including the progression of cancer. Several selective and non-selective Ca2+-permeable ion channels are implicated in mediating Ca2+ signaling in cancer cells. In this review, we are focusing on TRPC1, a member of the TRP protein superfamily and a potential modulator of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) pathways. While TRPC1 is ubiquitously expressed in most tissues, its dysregulated activity may contribute to the hallmarks of various types of cancers, including breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, glioblastoma multiforme, lung cancer, hepatic cancer, multiple myeloma, and thyroid cancer. A range of pharmacological and genetic tools have been developed to address the functional role of TRPC1 in cancer. Interestingly, the unique role of TRPC1 has elevated this channel as a promising target for modulation both in terms of pharmacological inhibition leading to suppression of tumor growth and metastasis, as well as for agonistic strategies eliciting Ca2+ overload and cell death in aggressive metastatic tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama M Elzamzamy
- Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
| | - Reinhold Penner
- The Queen’s Medical Center and University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA;
| | - Lori A Hazlehurst
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and WVU Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morganton, WV 26506, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-304-293-3398
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26
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Differential engagement of ORAI1 and TRPC1 in the induction of vimentin expression by different stimuli. J Transl Med 2020; 100:224-233. [PMID: 31243341 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-019-0280-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Ca2+ signal is essential in both hypoxia- and epidermal growth factor (EGF)-mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells. This finding suggests that Ca2+-permeable ion channels participate in the induction of expression of some mesenchymal markers such as vimentin. However, the ion channels involved in vimentin expression induction have not been fully characterized. This work sought to define how differential modulation of the calcium signal effects the induction of vimentin and the Ca2+ influx pathways involved. We identified that the intracellular Ca2+ chelator EGTA-AM, cytochalasin D (a modulator of cytoskeletal dynamics and cell morphology), and the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin are all inducers of vimentin in MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells. EGTA-AM- and thapsigargin-mediated induction of vimentin expression in MDA-MB-468 cells involves store-operated Ca2+ entry, as evidenced by sensitivity to silencing of the molecular components of this pathway, STIM1 and ORAI1. In stark contrast, cytochalasin D-mediated vimentin induction was insensitive to silencing of ORAI1, despite sensitivity to silencing of its canonical activator the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ sensor STIM1. Cytochalasin D-mediated vimentin induction was, however, sensitive to silencing of another reported STIM1 target, TRPC1. Subsequent studies identified that EGTA-AM-induced vimentin expression also partially involved a TRPC1-dependent pathway. These studies define a complex interplay between vimentin expression in this model and the specific Ca2+-permeable ion channels involved. The complexity in the engagement of different Ca2+ influx pathways that regulate vimentin induction are opportunities but also potential challenges in targeting Ca2+ signaling to block EMT in cancer cells. Our findings further highlight the need to identify potential indispensable ion channels that can regulate induction of specific mesenchymal markers via different stimuli.
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27
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Roberts-Thomson SJ, Chalmers SB, Monteith GR. The Calcium-Signaling Toolkit in Cancer: Remodeling and Targeting. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2019; 11:cshperspect.a035204. [PMID: 31088826 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a035204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Processes that are important in cancer progression, such as sustained cell growth, invasion to other organs, and resistance to cell death inducers, have a clear overlap with pathways regulated by Ca2+ signaling. It is therefore not surprising that proteins important in Ca2+ signaling, sometimes referred to as the "Ca2+ signaling toolkit," can contribute to cancer cell proliferation and invasiveness, and the ability of agents to induce cancer cell death. Ca2+ signaling is also critical in other aspects of cancer progression, including events in the tumor microenvironment and processes involved in the acquisition of resistance to anticancer therapies. This review will consider the role of Ca2+ signaling in tumor progression and highlight areas in which a better understanding of the interplay between the Ca2+-signaling toolkit and tumorigenesis is still required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silke B Chalmers
- The School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Gregory R Monteith
- The School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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28
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Devaraj V, Bose B. Morphological State Transition Dynamics in EGF-Induced Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8070911. [PMID: 31247884 PMCID: PMC6678216 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8070911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is a multi-state process. Here, we investigated phenotypic state transition dynamics of Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)-induced EMT in a breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-468. We have defined phenotypic states of these cells in terms of their morphologies and have shown that these cells have three distinct morphological states-cobble, spindle, and circular. The spindle and circular states are the migratory phenotypes. Using quantitative image analysis and mathematical modeling, we have deciphered state transition trajectories in different experimental conditions. This analysis shows that the phenotypic state transition during EGF-induced EMT in these cells is reversible, and depends upon the dose of EGF and level of phosphorylation of the EGF receptor (EGFR). The dominant reversible state transition trajectory in this system was cobble to circular to spindle to cobble. We have observed that there exists an ultrasensitive on/off switch involving phospho-EGFR that decides the transition of cells in and out of the circular state. In general, our observations can be explained by the conventional quasi-potential landscape model for phenotypic state transition. As an alternative to this model, we have proposed a simpler discretized energy-level model to explain the observed state transition dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vimalathithan Devaraj
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Biplab Bose
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
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29
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Azimi I, Milevskiy MJG, Chalmers SB, Yapa KTDS, Robitaille M, Henry C, Baillie GJ, Thompson EW, Roberts-Thomson SJ, Monteith GR. ORAI1 and ORAI3 in Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes and the Identification of ORAI3 as a Hypoxia Sensitive Gene and a Regulator of Hypoxia Responses. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E208. [PMID: 30754719 PMCID: PMC6406924 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The remodeling of specific calcium-permeable ion channels is a feature of some breast cancer subtypes. ORAI1 is a protein that forms a calcium-permeable ion channel responsible for store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) in a variety of cell types. ORAI3, a related isoform, is not a regulator of SOCE in most cell types. However, ORAI3 does control SOCE in many estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cell lines, where it also controls proliferation. ORAI1 is a well-characterized regulator of the proliferation and migration of many basal breast cancer cells; however, the role of ORAI3 in these types of breast cancer cells remains unclear. Here, we sought to define ORAI1 and ORAI3 expression in breast cancer cell lines of different molecular subtypes and assess the potential role and regulation of ORAI3 in basal breast cancer cells. Our study demonstrates that elevated ORAI1 is a feature of basal-like breast cancers, while elevated ORAI3 is a feature of luminal breast cancers. Intriguingly, we found that ORAI3 is over-expressed in the mesenchymal subtype of triple-negative breast cancer. Given this, we assessed ORAI3 levels in the presence of two inducers of the mesenchymal phenotype, hypoxia and epidermal growth factor (EGF). Hypoxia induced ORAI3 levels in basal breast cancer cell lines through a pathway involving hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF1α. The silencing of ORAI3 attenuated hypoxia-associated phosphorylation of the EGF receptor (EGFR) and the expression of genes associated with cell migration and inflammatory/immune responses in the MDA-MB-468 model of basal breast cancer. Although elevated ORAI3 levels were not associated with survival; basal, estrogen receptor-negative and triple-negative breast cancers with high ORAI3 and low ORAI1 levels were associated with poorer clinical outcomes. This study defines ORAI3 as a potential fine-tuner for processes relevant to the progression of basal breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Azimi
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4102, Queensland, Australia.
- Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4102, Queensland, Australia.
- Division of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Tasmania, Australia.
| | - Michael J G Milevskiy
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Silke B Chalmers
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4102, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Kunsala T D S Yapa
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4102, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Mélanie Robitaille
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4102, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Christopher Henry
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4102, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Gregory J Baillie
- Division of Genomics, Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Erik W Thompson
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4102, Queensland, Australia.
- University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne 3065, Victoria, Australia.
| | | | - Gregory R Monteith
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4102, Queensland, Australia.
- Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4102, Queensland, Australia.
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30
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Romero-Garcia S, Prado-Garcia H. Mitochondrial calcium: Transport and modulation of cellular processes in homeostasis and cancer (Review). Int J Oncol 2019; 54:1155-1167. [PMID: 30720054 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to their role in providing cellular energy, mitochondria fulfill a key function in cellular calcium management. The present review provides an integrative view of cellular and mitochondrial calcium homeostasis, and discusses how calcium regulates mitochondrial dynamics and functionality, thus affecting various cellular processes. Calcium crosstalk exists in the domain created between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, which is known as the mitochondria‑associated membrane (MAM), and controls cellular homeostasis. Calcium signaling participates in numerous biochemical and cellular processes, where calcium concentration, temporality and durability are part of a regulated, finely tuned interplay in non‑transformed cells. In addition, cancer cells modify their MAMs, which consequently affects calcium homeostasis to support mesenchymal transformation, migration, invasiveness, metastasis and autophagy. Alterations in calcium homeostasis may also support resistance to apoptosis, which is a serious problem facing current chemotherapeutic treatments. Notably, mitochondrial dynamics are also affected by mitochondrial calcium concentration to promote cancer survival responses. Dysregulated levels of mitochondrial calcium, alongside other signals, promote mitoflash generation in tumor cells, and an increased frequency of mitoflashes may induce epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition. Therefore, cancer cells remodel their calcium balance through numerous mechanisms that support their survival and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Romero-Garcia
- Department of Chronic-Degenerative Diseases, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases 'Ismael Cosío Villegas', CP 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Heriberto Prado-Garcia
- Department of Chronic-Degenerative Diseases, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases 'Ismael Cosío Villegas', CP 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
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31
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Jardin I, Lopez JJ, Salido GM, Rosado JA. Store-Operated Ca 2+ Entry in Breast Cancer Cells: Remodeling and Functional Role. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124053. [PMID: 30558192 PMCID: PMC6321005 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women. It is a heterogeneous disease that ranges from the less undifferentiated luminal A to the more aggressive basal or triple negative breast cancer molecular subtype. Ca2+ influx from the extracellular medium, but more specifically store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), has been reported to play an important role in tumorigenesis and the maintenance of a variety of cancer hallmarks, including cell migration, proliferation, invasion or epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Breast cancer cells remodel the expression and functional role of the molecular components of SOCE. This review focuses on the functional role and remodeling of SOCE in breast cancer cells. The current studies suggest the need to deepen our understanding of SOCE in the biology of the different breast cancer subtypes in order to develop new and specific therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Jardin
- Department of Physiology, (Cellular Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain.
| | - Jose J Lopez
- Department of Physiology, (Cellular Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain.
| | - Gines M Salido
- Department of Physiology, (Cellular Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain.
| | - Juan A Rosado
- Department of Physiology, (Cellular Physiology Research Group), Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain.
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32
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Azimi I, Bong AH, Poo GXH, Armitage K, Lok D, Roberts-Thomson SJ, Monteith GR. Pharmacological inhibition of store-operated calcium entry in MDA-MB-468 basal A breast cancer cells: consequences on calcium signalling, cell migration and proliferation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:4525-4537. [PMID: 30105615 PMCID: PMC11105359 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2904-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry is a pathway that is remodelled in a variety of cancers, and altered expression of the components of store-operated Ca2+ entry is a feature of breast cancer cells of the basal molecular subtype. Studies of store-operated Ca2+ entry in breast cancer cells have used non-specific pharmacological inhibitors, complete depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores and have mostly focused on MDA-MB-231 cells (a basal B breast cancer cell line). These studies compared the effects of the selective store-operated Ca2+ entry inhibitors Synta66 and YM58483 (also known as BTP2) on global cytosolic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]CYT) changes induced by physiological stimuli in a different breast cancer basal cell line model, MDA-MB-468. The effects of these agents on proliferation as well as serum and epidermal growth factor (EGF) induced migration were also assessed. Activation with the purinergic receptor activator adenosine triphosphate, produced a sustained increase in [Ca2+]CYT that was entirely dependent on store-operated Ca2+ entry. The protease activated receptor 2 activator, trypsin, and EGF also produced Ca2+ influx that was sensitive to both Synta66 and YM58483. Serum-activated migration of MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells was sensitive to both store-operated Ca2+ inhibitors. However, proliferation and EGF-activated migration was differentially affected by Synta66 and YM58483. These studies highlight the need to define the exact mechanisms of action of different store-operated calcium entry inhibitors and the impact of such differences in the control of tumour progression pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Azimi
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Division of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Alice H Bong
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Greta X H Poo
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kaela Armitage
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Dawn Lok
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Gregory R Monteith
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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33
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Zuccolo E, Laforenza U, Negri S, Botta L, Berra-Romani R, Faris P, Scarpellino G, Forcaia G, Pellavio G, Sancini G, Moccia F. Muscarinic M5 receptors trigger acetylcholine-induced Ca 2+ signals and nitric oxide release in human brain microvascular endothelial cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:4540-4562. [PMID: 30191989 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Basal forebrain neurons control cerebral blood flow (CBF) by releasing acetylcholine (Ach), which binds to endothelial muscarinic receptors to induce nitric (NO) release and vasodilation in intraparenchymal arterioles. Nevertheless, the mechanism whereby Ach stimulates human brain microvascular endothelial cells to produce NO is still unknown. Herein, we sought to assess whether Ach stimulates NO production in a Ca2+ -dependent manner in hCMEC/D3 cells, a widespread model of human brain microvascular endothelial cells. Ach induced a dose-dependent increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+ ]i ) that was prevented by the genetic blockade of M5 muscarinic receptors (M5-mAchRs), which was the only mAchR isoform coupled to phospholipase Cβ (PLCβ) present in hCMEC/D3 cells. A comprehensive real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed the expression of the transcripts encoding for type 3 inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (InsP3 R3), two-pore channels 1 and 2 (TPC1-2), Stim2, Orai1-3. Pharmacological manipulation showed that the Ca2+ response to Ach was mediated by InsP3 R3, TPC1-2, and store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). Ach-induced NO release, in turn, was inhibited in cells deficient of M5-mAchRs. Likewise, Ach failed to increase NO levels in the presence of l-NAME, a selective NOS inhibitor, or BAPTA, a membrane-permeant intracellular Ca2+ buffer. Moreover, the pharmacological blockade of the Ca2+ response to Ach also inhibited the accompanying NO production. These data demonstrate for the first time that synaptically released Ach may trigger NO release in human brain microvascular endothelial cells by stimulating a Ca2+ signal via M5-mAchRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estella Zuccolo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani," Laboratory of General Physiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Umberto Laforenza
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Human Physiology Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sharon Negri
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani," Laboratory of General Physiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Botta
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani," Laboratory of General Physiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberto Berra-Romani
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Pawan Faris
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani," Laboratory of General Physiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Giorgia Scarpellino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani," Laboratory of General Physiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Greta Forcaia
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Giorgia Pellavio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Human Physiology Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulio Sancini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, "Lazzaro Spallanzani," Laboratory of General Physiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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34
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Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of death. The diversity of cancer types and the propensity of cancers to acquire resistance to therapies, including new molecularly targeted and immune-based therapies, drives the search for new ways to understand cancer progression. The remodelling of calcium (Ca2+) signalling and the role of the Ca2+ signal in controlling key events in cancer cells such as proliferation, invasion and the acquisition of resistance to cell death pathways is well established. Most of the work defining such changes has focused on Ca2+ permeable Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Channels and some voltage gated Ca2+ channels. However, the identification of ORAI channels, a little more than a decade ago, has added a new dimension to how a Ca2+ influx pathway can be remodelled in some cancers and also how calcium signalling could contribute to tumour progression. ORAI Ca2+ channels are now an exemplar for how changes in the expression of specific isoforms of a Ca2+ channel component can occur in cancer, and how such changes can vary between cancer types (e.g. breast cancer versus prostate cancer), and even subtypes (e.g. oestrogen receptor positive versus oestrogen receptor negative breast cancers). ORAI channels and store operated Ca2+ entry are also highlighting the diverse roles of Ca2+ influx pathways in events such as the growth and metastasis of cancers, the development of therapeutic resistance and the contribution of tumour microenvironmental factors in cancer progression. In this review we will highlight some of the studies that have provided evidence for the need to deepen our understanding of ORAI Ca2+ channels in cancer. Many of these studies have also suggested new ways on how we can exploit the role of ORAI channels in cancer relevant processes to develop or inform new therapeutic strategies.
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35
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Zuccolo E, Laforenza U, Ferulli F, Pellavio G, Scarpellino G, Tanzi M, Turin I, Faris P, Lucariello A, Maestri M, Kheder DA, Guerra G, Pedrazzoli P, Montagna D, Moccia F. Stim and Orai mediate constitutive Ca 2+ entry and control endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ refilling in primary cultures of colorectal carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:31098-31119. [PMID: 30123430 PMCID: PMC6089563 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) provides a major Ca2+ entry route in cancer cells. SOCE is mediated by the assembly of Stim and Orai proteins at endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-plasma membrane junctions upon depletion of the ER Ca2+ store. Additionally, Stim and Orai proteins underpin constitutive Ca2+ entry in a growing number of cancer cell types due to the partial depletion of their ER Ca2+ reservoir. Herein, we investigated for the first time the structure and function of SOCE in primary cultures of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) established from primary tumor (pCRC) and metastatic lesions (mCRC) of human subjects. Stim1-2 and Orai1-3 transcripts were equally expressed in pCRC and mCRC cells, although Stim1 and Orai3 proteins were up-regulated in mCRC cells. The Mn2+-quenching technique revealed that constitutive Ca2+ entry was significantly enhanced in pCRC cells and was inhibited by the pharmacological and genetic blockade of Stim1, Stim2, Orai1 and Orai3. The larger resting Ca2+ influx in pCRC was associated to their lower ER Ca2+ content as compared to mCRC cells. Pharmacological and genetic blockade of Stim1, Stim2, Orai1 and Orai3 prevented ER-dependent Ca2+ release, thereby suggesting that constitutive SOCE maintains ER Ca2+ levels. Nevertheless, pharmacological and genetic blockade of Stim1, Stim2, Orai1 and Orai3 did not affect CRC cell proliferation and migration. These data provide the first evidence that Stim and Orai proteins mediate constitutive Ca2+ entry and replenish ER with Ca2+ in primary cultures of CRC cells. However, SOCE is not a promising target to design alternative therapies for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estella Zuccolo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Federica Ferulli
- Laboratory of Immunology Transplantation, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgia Pellavio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgia Scarpellino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Tanzi
- Laboratory of Immunology Transplantation, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Turin
- Laboratory of Immunology Transplantation, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Pawan Faris
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Kurdistan-Region of Iraq, Iraq
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Marcello Maestri
- Unit of General Surgery, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Dlzar Ali Kheder
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Zakho, Zakho, Kurdistan-Region of Iraq, Iraq
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Paolo Pedrazzoli
- Medical Oncology, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Montagna
- Laboratory of Immunology Transplantation, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Sciences Clinic-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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36
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O'Grady S, Morgan MP. Microcalcifications in breast cancer: From pathophysiology to diagnosis and prognosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1869:310-320. [PMID: 29684522 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of mammographic screening programmes in many countries has been linked to a marked increase in early detection and improved prognosis for breast cancer patients. Breast tumours can be detected by assessing several features in mammographic images but one of the most common are the presence of small deposits of calcium known as microcalcifications, which in many cases may be the only detectable sign of a breast tumour. In addition to their efficacy in the detection of breast cancer, the presence of microcalcifications within a breast tumour may also convey useful prognostic information. Breast tumours with associated calcifications display an increased rate of HER2 overexpression as well as decreased survival, increased risk of recurrence, high tumour grade and increased likelihood of spread to the lymph nodes. Clearly, the presence of microcalcifications in a tumour is a clinically significant finding, suggesting that a detailed understanding of their formation may improve our knowledge of the early stages of breast tumourigenesis, yet there are no reports which attempt to bring together recent basic science research findings and current knowledge of the clinical significance of microcalcifications. This review will summarise the most current understanding of the formation of calcifications within breast tissue and explore their associated clinical features and prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O'Grady
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - M P Morgan
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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37
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Qi L, Song W, Li L, Cao L, Yu Y, Song C, Wang Y, Zhang F, Li Y, Zhang B, Cao W. FGF4 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition by inducing store-operated calcium entry in lung adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:74015-74030. [PMID: 27677589 PMCID: PMC5342032 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several fibroblast growth factor (FGF) isoforms act to stimulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during cancer progression. FGF4 and FGF7 are two ligands of FGF receptor 2 (FGFR2). Using two lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) cell lines, A549 and H1299, we showed that FGF4, but not FGF7, altered cell morphology, promoted EMT-associated protein expression, and enhanced cell proliferation, migration/invasion and colony initiation. In addition, FGF4 increased store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) and expression of the calcium signal-associated protein Orai1. The SOCE inhibitor 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone (BHQ) or Orai1 knockdown reversed all of the EMT-promoting effects of FGF4. BHQ also inhibited FGF4-induced EMT in a mouse xenograft model. Finally, 60 human lung ADC samples and 21 sets of matched specimens (primary and metastatic foci in lymph nodes from one patient) were used to confirm the clinicopathologic significance of FGF4 and its correlation with E-cadherin, Vimentin and Orai1 expression. Our study thus shows that FGF4 induces EMT by elevating SOCE in lung ADC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Qi
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China.,The Key Laboratory of Tianjin Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Tianjin 300060, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Wangzhao Song
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,The Key Laboratory of Tianjin Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Tianjin 300060, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Lingmei Li
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China.,The Key Laboratory of Tianjin Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Tianjin 300060, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,The Key Laboratory of Tianjin Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Tianjin 300060, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China.,The Key Laboratory of Tianjin Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Tianjin 300060, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Chunmin Song
- Department of Family Planning, Maternity & Child Care Center of Luoyang, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Yalei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China.,The Key Laboratory of Tianjin Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Tianjin 300060, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Tianjin Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Tianjin 300060, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China.,Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Pancreatic Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,The Key Laboratory of Tianjin Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Tianjin 300060, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China.,The Key Laboratory of Tianjin Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Tianjin 300060, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Wenfeng Cao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China.,The Key Laboratory of Tianjin Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Tianjin 300060, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
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38
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Kaemmerer E, Turner D, Peters AA, Roberts-Thomson SJ, Monteith GR. An automated epifluorescence microscopy imaging assay for the identification of phospho-AKT level modulators in breast cancer cells. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2018; 92:13-19. [PMID: 29438745 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AKT is an enzyme of the PI3K/pAKT pathway, regulating proliferation and cell survival. High basal levels of active, phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) are associated with tumor progression and therapeutic resistance in some breast cancer subtypes, including HER2 positive breast cancers. Various stimuli can increase pAKT levels and elevated basal pAKT levels are a feature of PTEN-deficient breast cancer cell lines. The aim of this study was to develop an assay able to identify modulators of pAKT levels using an automated epifluorescence microscope and high content analysis. To develop this assay, we used HCC-1569, a PTEN-deficient, HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cell line with elevated basal pAKT levels. HCC-1569 cells were treated with a selective pharmacological inhibitor of AKT (MK-2206) to reduce basal pAKT levels or EGF to increase pAKT levels. Immunofluorescence images were acquired using an automated epifluorescence microscope and integrated intensity of cytoplasmic pAKT staining was calculated using high content analysis software. Mean and median integrated cytoplasmic intensity were normalized using fold change and standard score to assess assay quality and to identify most robust data analysis. The highest z' factor was achieved for median data normalization using the standard score method (z' = 0.45). Using our developed assay we identified the calcium homeostasis regulating proteins TPRV6, STIM1 and TRPC1 as modulators of pAKT levels in HCC-1569 cells. Calcium signaling controls a diverse array of cellular processes and some calcium homeostasis regulating proteins are involved in modulating pAKT levels in cancer cells. Thus, these identified hits present promising targets for further assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Kaemmerer
- The School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Dane Turner
- The School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Amelia A Peters
- The School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | | | - Gregory R Monteith
- The School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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39
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Lee SH, Rigas NK, Lee CR, Bang A, Srikanth S, Gwack Y, Kang MK, Kim RH, Park NH, Shin KH. Orai1 promotes tumor progression by enhancing cancer stemness via NFAT signaling in oral/oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 7:43239-43255. [PMID: 27259269 PMCID: PMC5190020 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that Orai1, a key calcium channel for store-operated Ca2+ entry, is associated with human cancer. However, the underlying mechanism by which Orai1 regulates cancer progression remains unknown. Here we report that intracellular level of Orai1 is increased in a stepwise manner during oral/oropharyngeal carcinogenesis and highly expressed in cancer stem-like cell (CSC)-enriched populations of human oral/oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Ectopic Orai1 expression converted non-tumorigenic immortalized oral epithelial cells to malignant cells that showed CSC properties, e.g., self-renewal capacity, increased ALDH1HIGH cell population, increased key stemness transcription factors, and enhanced mobility. Conversely, inhibition of Orai1 suppressed tumorigenicity and CSC phenotype of OSCC, indicating that Orai1 could be an important element for tumorigenicity and stemness of OSCC. Mechanistically, Orai1 activates its major downstream effector molecule, NFATc3. Knockdown of NFATc3 in the Orai1-overexpressing oral epithelial cells abrogates the effect of Orai1 on CSC phenotype. Moreover, antagonist of NFAT signaling also decreases CSC phenotype, implying the functional importance of Orai1/NFAT axis in OSCC CSC regulation. Our study identifies Orai1 as a novel molecular determinant for OSCC progression by enhancing cancer stemness, suggesting that inhibition of Orai1 signaling may offer an effective therapeutic modality against OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hee Lee
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicole Kristina Rigas
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chang-Ryul Lee
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - April Bang
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sonal Srikanth
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yousang Gwack
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mo K Kang
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Reuben H Kim
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - No-Hee Park
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ki-Hyuk Shin
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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40
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Krout D, Schaar A, Sun Y, Sukumaran P, Roemmich JN, Singh BB, Claycombe-Larson KJ. The TRPC1 Ca 2+-permeable channel inhibits exercise-induced protection against high-fat diet-induced obesity and type II diabetes. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:20799-20807. [PMID: 29074621 PMCID: PMC5733613 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.809954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential canonical channel-1 (TRPC1) is a Ca2+-permeable channel found in key metabolic organs and tissues, including the hypothalamus, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle. Loss of TRPC1 may alter the regulation of cellular energy metabolism resulting in insulin resistance thereby leading to diabetes. Exercise reduces insulin resistance, but it is not known whether TRPC1 is involved in exercise-induced insulin sensitivity. The role of TRPC1 in adiposity and obesity-associated metabolic diseases has not yet been determined. Our results show that TRPC1 functions as a major Ca2+ entry channel in adipocytes. We have also shown that fat mass and fasting glucose concentrations were lower in TRPC1 KO mice that were fed a high-fat (HF) (45% fat) diet and exercised as compared with WT mice fed a HF diet and exercised. Adipocyte numbers were decreased in both subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue of TRPC1 KO mice fed a HF diet and exercised. Finally, autophagy markers were decreased and apoptosis markers increased in TRPC1 KO mice fed a HF diet and exercised. Overall, these findings suggest that TRPC1 plays an important role in the regulation of adiposity via autophagy and apoptosis and that TRPC1 inhibits the positive effect of exercise on type II diabetes risk under a HF diet-induced obesity environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Krout
- From the Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Grand Forks, North Dakota 58203 and
| | - Anne Schaar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58203
| | - Yuyang Sun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58203
| | - Pramod Sukumaran
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58203
| | - James N Roemmich
- From the Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Grand Forks, North Dakota 58203 and
| | - Brij B Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58203
| | - Kate J Claycombe-Larson
- From the Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Grand Forks, North Dakota 58203 and
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41
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Tzanakakis G, Kavasi RM, Voudouri K, Berdiaki A, Spyridaki I, Tsatsakis A, Nikitovic D. Role of the extracellular matrix in cancer-associated epithelial to mesenchymal transition phenomenon. Dev Dyn 2017; 247:368-381. [PMID: 28758355 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) program is a crucial component in the processes of morphogenesis and embryonic development. The transition of epithelial to mesenchymal phenotype is associated with numerous structural and functional changes, including loss of cell polarity and tight cell-cell junctions, the acquisition of invasive abilities, and the expression of mesenchymal proteins. The switch between the two phenotypes is involved in human pathology and is crucial for cancer progression. Extracellular matrices (ECMs) are multi-component networks that surround cells in tissues. These networks are obligatory for cell survival, growth, and differentiation as well as tissue organization. Indeed, the ECM suprastructure, in addition to its supportive role, can process and deliver a plethora of signals to cells, which ultimately regulate their behavior. Importantly, the ECM derived signals are critically involved in the process of EMT during tumorigenesis. This review discusses the multilayer interaction between the ECM and the EMT process, focusing on contributions of discrete mediators, a strategy that may identify novel potential target molecules. Developmental Dynamics 247:368-381, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Tzanakakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Rafaela-Maria Kavasi
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Kallirroi Voudouri
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Berdiaki
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ioanna Spyridaki
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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42
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Lodola F, Laforenza U, Cattaneo F, Ruffinatti FA, Poletto V, Massa M, Tancredi R, Zuccolo E, Khdar DA, Riccardi A, Biggiogera M, Rosti V, Guerra G, Moccia F. VEGF-induced intracellular Ca 2+ oscillations are down-regulated and do not stimulate angiogenesis in breast cancer-derived endothelial colony forming cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:95223-95246. [PMID: 29221123 PMCID: PMC5707017 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) represent a population of truly endothelial precursors that promote the angiogenic switch in solid tumors, such as breast cancer (BC). The intracellular Ca2+ toolkit, which drives the pro-angiogenic response to VEGF, is remodelled in tumor-associated ECFCs such that they are seemingly insensitive to this growth factor. This feature could underlie the relative failure of anti-VEGF therapies in cancer patients. Herein, we investigated whether and how VEGF uses Ca2+ signalling to control angiogenesis in BC-derived ECFCs (BC-ECFCs). Although VEGFR-2 was normally expressed, VEGF failed to induce proliferation and in vitro tubulogenesis in BC-ECFCs. Likewise, VEGF did not trigger robust Ca2+ oscillations in these cells. Similar to normal cells, VEGF-induced intracellular Ca2+ oscillations were triggered by inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and maintained by store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). However, InsP3-dependent Ca2+ release was significantly lower in BC-ECFCs due to the down-regulation of ER Ca2+ levels, while there was no remarkable difference in the amplitude, pharmacological profile and molecular composition of SOCE. Thus, the attenuation of the pro-angiogenic Ca2+ response to VEGF was seemingly due to the reduction in ER Ca2+ concentration, which prevents VEGF from triggering robust intracellular Ca2+ oscillations. However, the pharmacological inhibition of SOCE prevented BC-ECFC proliferation and in vitro tubulogenesis. These findings demonstrate for the first time that BC-ECFCs are insensitive to VEGF, which might explain at cellular and molecular levels the failure of anti-VEGF therapies in BC patients, and hint at SOCE as a novel molecular target for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lodola
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy.,Current address: Italian Institute of Technology, Center for Nano Science and Technology, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Umberto Laforenza
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Fabio Cattaneo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Poletto
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnosis, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Margherita Massa
- Laboratory of Immunology Transplantation, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Richard Tancredi
- Medical Oncology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Salvatore Maugeri, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Estella Zuccolo
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Dlzar Alì Khdar
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Alberto Riccardi
- Medical Oncology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Salvatore Maugeri, Pavia 27100, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Marco Biggiogera
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Vittorio Rosti
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnosis, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso 86100, Italy
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
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43
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White C. The Regulation of Tumor Cell Invasion and Metastasis by Endoplasmic Reticulum-to-Mitochondrial Ca 2+ Transfer. Front Oncol 2017; 7:171. [PMID: 28848710 PMCID: PMC5554129 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell migration is one of the many processes orchestrated by calcium (Ca2+) signaling, and its dysregulation drives the increased invasive and metastatic potential of cancer cells. The ability of Ca2+ to function effectively as a regulator of migration requires the generation of temporally complex signals within spatially restricted microdomains. The generation and maintenance of these Ca2+ signals require a specific structural architecture and tightly regulated communication between the extracellular space, intracellular organelles, and cytoplasmic compartments. New insights into how Ca2+ microdomains are shaped by interorganellar Ca2+ communication have shed light on how Ca2+ coordinates cell migration by directing cellular polarization and the rearrangement of structural proteins. Importantly, we are beginning to understand how cancer subverts normal migration through the activity of oncogenes and tumor suppressors that impinge directly on the physiological function or expression levels of Ca2+ signaling proteins. In this review, we present and discuss research at the forefront of interorganellar Ca2+ signaling as it relates to cell migration, metastasis, and cancer progression, with special focus on endoplasmic reticulum-to-mitochondrial Ca2+ transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl White
- Physiology and Biophysics, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States
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44
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Calreticulin regulates TGF-β1-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition through modulating Smad signaling and calcium signaling. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 90:103-113. [PMID: 28778674 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
As a Ca2+ binding protein, calreticulin (CRT) has many functions and plays an important role in a variety of tumors. The role of CRT in TGF-β1-induced EMT is unknown. In this study, we demonstrated in vitro that TGF-β1-induced EMT elevated the expression of CRT in A549 lung cancer cells. Subsequently, we confirmed that overexpression CRT had no capacity to induce A549 cells EMT alone, but successfully enhanced TGF-β1-induced-EMT. Furthermore, knockdown of CRT in A549 cells significantly suppressed changes of EMT marks expression induced by TGF-β1. On treatment with TGF-β1, overexpression of CRT could enhance the phosphorylation of both Smad2 and Smad3. Consistently, the knockdown of CRT by siRNA-CRT could inhibit Smad signaling pathway activated by TGF-β1. These results indicated that CRT regulates EMT induced by TGF-β1 through Smad signaling pathway. Finally, TGF-β1-induced-EMT enhanced store-operated Ca2+ influx in A549 cells. CRT knockdown was able to abolish the effect of TGF-β1 on thapsigargin (TG) -induced Ca2+ release, but had failed to reduce store-operated Ca2+ influx. The alteration of intracellular Ca2+ concentration by TG or BAPTA-AM was able to regulate EMT induced by TGF-β1 through Smad signaling pathway. Together, these data identify that CRT regulates TGF-β1-induced-EMT through modulating Smad signaling. Furthermore, TGF-β1-induced-EMT is highly calcium-dependent, CRT was partly involved in it.
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45
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Galun D, Srdic-Rajic T, Bogdanovic A, Loncar Z, Zuvela M. Targeted therapy and personalized medicine in hepatocellular carcinoma: drug resistance, mechanisms, and treatment strategies. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2017; 4:93-103. [PMID: 28744453 PMCID: PMC5513853 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s106529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by a growing number of new cases diagnosed each year that is nearly equal to the number of deaths from this cancer. In a majority of the cases, HCC is associated with the underlying chronic liver disease, and it is diagnosed in advanced stage of disease when curative treatment options are not applicable. Sorafenib is a treatment of choice for patients with performance status 1 or 2 and/or macrovascular invasion or extrahepatic spread, and regorafenib is the only systemic treatment found to provide survival benefit in HCC patients progressing on sorafenib treatment. Other drugs tested in different trials failed to demonstrate any benefit. Disappointing results of numerous trials testing the efficacy of various drugs indicate that HCC has low sensitivity to chemotherapy that is in great part caused by multidrug resistance. Immunotherapy for HCC is a new challenging treatment option and involves immune checkpoint inhibitors/antibody-based therapy and peptide-based vaccines. Another challenging approach is microRNA-based therapy that involves two strategies. The first aims to inhibit oncogenic miRNAs by using miRNA antagonists and the second strategy is miRNA replacement, which involves the reintroduction of a tumor-suppressor miRNA mimetic to restore a loss of function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danijel Galun
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit, University Clinic for Digestive Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia
- Medical School, University of Belgrade
| | - Tatjana Srdic-Rajic
- Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia/Unit for Experimental Oncology
| | - Aleksandar Bogdanovic
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit, University Clinic for Digestive Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia
| | - Zlatibor Loncar
- Medical School, University of Belgrade
- Emergency Center, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marinko Zuvela
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit, University Clinic for Digestive Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia
- Medical School, University of Belgrade
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46
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Fortunato A. The role of hERG1 ion channels in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the capacity of riluzole to reduce cisplatin resistance in colorectal cancer cells. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2017; 40:367-378. [DOI: 10.1007/s13402-017-0328-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Huang SP, Liu PY, Kuo CJ, Chen CL, Lee WJ, Tsai YH, Lin YF. The Gαh-PLCδ1 signaling axis drives metastatic progression in triple-negative breast cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:114. [PMID: 28576130 PMCID: PMC5457652 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0481-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distant metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) to other organs, e.g., the lungs, has been correlated with poor survival rates among breast cancer patients. Therefore, the identification of useful therapeutic targets to prevent metastasis or even inhibit tumor growth of TNBC is urgently needed. Gαh is a novel GTP-binding protein and known as an inactive form of calcium-dependent tissue transglutaminase. However, the functional consequences of transamidating and G-protein activities of tissue transglutaminase in promoting cancer metastasis are still controversial. METHODS Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed to estimate the prognostic values of Gαh and PLCδ1 by utilizing public databases and performing immunohistochemical staining experiments. Cell-based invasion assays and in vivo lung colony-forming and orthotropic lung metastasis models were established to evaluate the effectiveness of interrupting the protein-protein interaction (PPI) between Gαh and PLCδ1 in inhibiting the invasive ability and metastatic potential of TNBC cells. RESULTS Here, we showed that the increased level of cytosolic, not extracellular, Gαh is a poor prognostic marker in breast cancer patients and correlates with the metastatic evolution of TNBC cells. Moreover, clinicopathological analyses revealed that the combined signature of high Gαh/PLCδ1 levels indicates worse prognosis in patients with breast cancer and correlates with lymph node metastasis of ER-negative breast cancer. Blocking the PPI of the Gαh/PLCδ1 complex by synthetically myristoylated PLCδ1 peptide corresponding to the Gαh-binding interface appeared to significantly suppress cellular invasiveness in vitro and inhibit lung metastatic colonies of TNBC cells in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This study establishes Gαh/PLCδ1 as a poor prognostic factor for patients with estrogen receptor-negative breast cancers, including TNBCs, and provides therapeutic value by targeting the PPI of the Gαh/PLCδ1 complex to combat the metastatic progression of TNBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Pen Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, 110, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yao Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, 110, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jung Kuo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Long Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, 110, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jiunn Lee
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hui Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, 110, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Abstract
The calcium signal is a powerful and multifaceted tool by which cells can achieve specific outcomes. Cellular machinery important in tumour progression is often driven or influenced by changes in calcium ions; in some cases this regulation occurs within spatially defined regions. Over the past decade there has been a deeper understanding of how calcium signalling is remodelled in some cancers and the consequences of calcium signalling on key events such as proliferation, invasion and sensitivity to cell death. Specific calcium signalling pathways have also now been identified as playing important roles in the establishment and maintenance of multidrug resistance and the tumour microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory R Monteith
- The School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Natalia Prevarskaya
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1003, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, and Universite de Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, F-59650, France
| | - Sarah J Roberts-Thomson
- The School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
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Azimi I, Milevskiy MJG, Kaemmerer E, Turner D, Yapa KTDS, Brown MA, Thompson EW, Roberts-Thomson SJ, Monteith GR. TRPC1 is a differential regulator of hypoxia-mediated events and Akt signalling in PTEN-deficient breast cancer cells. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:2292-2305. [PMID: 28559303 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.196659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a feature of the tumour microenvironment that promotes invasiveness, resistance to chemotherapeutics and cell survival. Our studies identify the transient receptor potential canonical-1 (TRPC1) ion channel as a key component of responses to hypoxia in breast cancer cells. This regulation includes control of specific epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) events and hypoxia-mediated activation of signalling pathways such as activation of the EGFR, STAT3 and the autophagy marker LC3B, through hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α)-dependent and -independent mechanisms. TRPC1 regulated HIF1α levels in PTEN-deficient MDA-MB-468 and HCC1569 breast cancer cell lines. This regulation arises from effects on the constitutive translation of HIF1α under normoxic conditions via an Akt-dependent pathway. In further support of the role of TRPC1 in EMT, its expression is closely associated with EMT- and metastasis-related genes in breast tumours, and is enhanced in basal B breast cancer cell lines. TRPC1 expression is also significantly prognostic for basal breast cancers, particularly those classified as lymph node positive. The defined roles of TRPC1 identified here could be therapeutically exploited for the control of oncogenic pathways in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Azimi
- The School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia.,Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia
| | - Michael J G Milevskiy
- The School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Elke Kaemmerer
- The School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia.,Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia
| | - Dane Turner
- The School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia
| | - Kunsala T D S Yapa
- The School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia
| | - Melissa A Brown
- The School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Erik W Thompson
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, 3065, Australia
| | | | - Gregory R Monteith
- The School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia .,Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia
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50
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Iamshanova O, Fiorio Pla A, Prevarskaya N. Molecular mechanisms of tumour invasion: regulation by calcium signals. J Physiol 2017; 595:3063-3075. [PMID: 28304082 DOI: 10.1113/jp272844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular calcium (Ca2+ ) signals are key regulators of multiple cellular functions, both healthy and physiopathological. It is therefore unsurprising that several cancers present a strong Ca2+ homeostasis deregulation. Among the various hallmarks of cancer disease, a particular role is played by metastasis, which has a critical impact on cancer patients' outcome. Importantly, Ca2+ signalling has been reported to control multiple aspects of the adaptive metastatic cancer cell behaviour, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell migration, local invasion and induction of angiogenesis (see Abstract Figure). In this context Ca2+ signalling is considered to be a substantial intracellular tool that regulates the dynamicity and complexity of the metastatic cascade. In the present study we review the spatial and temporal organization of Ca2+ fluxes, as well as the molecular mechanisms involved in metastasis, analysing the key steps which regulate initial tumour spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Iamshanova
- Inserm U1003, Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, SIRIC ONCOLille, University of Lille, 59656, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Alessandra Fiorio Pla
- Inserm U1003, Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, SIRIC ONCOLille, University of Lille, 59656, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.,Department of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Natalia Prevarskaya
- Inserm U1003, Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, SIRIC ONCOLille, University of Lille, 59656, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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