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Feldman ER, Li Y, Cutler DJ, Rosser TC, Wechsler SB, Sanclemente L, Rachubinski AL, Elliott N, Vyas P, Roberts I, Rabin KR, Wagner M, Gelb BD, Espinosa JM, Lupo PJ, de Smith AJ, Sherman SL, Leslie EJ. Genome-wide association studies of Down syndrome associated congenital heart defects. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.09.06.24313183. [PMID: 39281767 PMCID: PMC11398599 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.06.24313183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most common structural birth defect and are present in 40-50% of children born with Down syndrome (DS). To characterize the genetic architecture of DS-associated CHD, we sequenced genomes of a multiethnic group of children with DS and a CHD (n=886: atrioventricular septal defects (AVSD), n=438; atrial septal defects (ASD), n=122; ventricular septal defects (VSD), n=170; other types of CHD, n=156) and DS with a structurally normal heart (DS+NH, n=572). We performed four GWAS for common variants (MAF>0.05) comparing DS with CHD, stratified by CHD-subtype, to DS+NH controls. Although no SNP achieved genome-wide significance, multiple loci in each analysis achieved suggestive significance (p<2×10-6). Of these, the 1p35.1 locus (near RBBP4) was specifically associated with ASD risk and the 5q35.2 locus (near MSX2) was associated with any type of CHD. Each of the suggestive loci contained one or more plausible candidate genes expressed in the developing heart. While no SNP replicated (p<2×10-6) in an independent cohort of DS+CHD (DS+CHD: n=229; DS+NH: n=197), most SNPs that were suggestive in our GWASs remained suggestive when meta-analyzed with the GWASs from the replication cohort. These results build on previous work to identify genetic modifiers of DS-associated CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R Feldman
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322
| | - Yunqi Li
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - David J Cutler
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322
| | - Tracie C Rosser
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322
| | - Stephanie B Wechsler
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322
| | | | - Angela L Rachubinski
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Natalina Elliott
- Department of Paediatrics and MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford University and BRC Blood Theme, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Paresh Vyas
- Department of Paediatrics and MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford University and BRC Blood Theme, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Irene Roberts
- Department of Paediatrics and MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford University and BRC Blood Theme, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Centre, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Michael Wagner
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Bruce D Gelb
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Joaquin M Espinosa
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | | | - Adam J de Smith
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Stephanie L Sherman
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322
| | - Elizabeth J Leslie
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322
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Wessels A. Molecular Pathways and Animal Models of Atrioventricular Septal Defect. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1441:573-583. [PMID: 38884733 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-44087-8_31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The development of a fully functional four-chambered heart is critically dependent on the correct formation of the structures that separate the atrial and ventricular chambers. Perturbation of this process typically results in defects that allow mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. Atrioventricular septal defects (AVSD) form a class of congenital heart malformations that are characterized by the presence of a primary atrial septal defect (pASD), a common atrioventricular valve (cAVV), and frequently also a ventricular septal defect (VSD). While AVSD were historically considered to result from failure of the endocardial atrioventricular cushions to properly develop and fuse, more recent studies have determined that inhibition of the development of other components of the atrioventricular mesenchymal complex can lead to AVSDs as well. The role of the dorsal mesenchymal protrusion (DMP) in AVSD pathogenesis has been well-documented in studies using animal models for AVSDs, and in addition, preliminary data suggest that the mesenchymal cap situated on the leading edge of the primary atrial septum may be involved in certain situations as well. In this chapter, we review what is currently known about the molecular mechanisms and animal models that are associated with the pathogenesis of AVSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Wessels
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
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3
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Dougherty EJ, Chen LY, Awad KS, Ferreyra GA, Demirkale CY, Keshavarz A, Gairhe S, Johnston KA, Hicks ME, Sandler AB, Curran CS, Krack JM, Ding Y, Suffredini AF, Solomon MA, Elinoff JM, Danner RL. Inflammation and DKK1-induced AKT activation contribute to endothelial dysfunction following NR2F2 loss. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 324:L783-L798. [PMID: 37039367 PMCID: PMC10202490 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00171.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
NR2F2 is expressed in endothelial cells (ECs) and Nr2f2 knockout produces lethal cardiovascular defects. In humans, reduced NR2F2 expression is associated with cardiovascular diseases including congenital heart disease and atherosclerosis. Here, NR2F2 silencing in human primary ECs led to inflammation, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), proliferation, hypermigration, apoptosis-resistance, and increased production of reactive oxygen species. These changes were associated with STAT and AKT activation along with increased production of DKK1. Co-silencing DKK1 and NR2F2 prevented NR2F2-loss-induced STAT and AKT activation and reversed EndMT. Serum DKK1 concentrations were elevated in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and DKK1 was secreted by ECs in response to in vitro loss of either BMPR2 or CAV1, which are genetic defects associated with the development of PAH. In human primary ECs, NR2F2 suppressed DKK1, whereas its loss conversely induced DKK1 and disrupted endothelial homeostasis, promoting phenotypic abnormalities associated with pathologic vascular remodeling. Activating NR2F2 or blocking DKK1 may be useful therapeutic targets for treating chronic vascular diseases associated with EC dysfunction.NEW & NOTEWORTHY NR2F2 loss in the endothelial lining of blood vessels is associated with cardiovascular disease. Here, NR2F2-silenced human endothelial cells were inflammatory, proliferative, hypermigratory, and apoptosis-resistant with increased oxidant stress and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. DKK1 was induced in NR2F2-silenced endothelial cells, while co-silencing NR2F2 and DKK1 prevented NR2F2-loss-associated abnormalities in endothelial signaling and phenotype. Activating NR2F2 or blocking DKK1 may be useful therapeutic targets for treating vascular diseases associated with endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Dougherty
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Li-Yuan Chen
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Keytam S Awad
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Gabriela A Ferreyra
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Cumhur Y Demirkale
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Ali Keshavarz
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Salina Gairhe
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Kathryn A Johnston
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Madelyn E Hicks
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Alexis B Sandler
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Colleen S Curran
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Janell M Krack
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Yi Ding
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Anthony F Suffredini
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Michael A Solomon
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Jason M Elinoff
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Robert L Danner
- Clinical Center/Critical Care Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
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McCurdy BL, Jewett CE, Stemm-Wolf AJ, Duc HN, Joshi M, Espinosa JM, Prekeris R, Pearson CG. Trisomy 21 increases microtubules and disrupts centriolar satellite localization. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:br11. [PMID: 35476505 PMCID: PMC9635274 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-10-0517-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Trisomy 21, the source of Down syndrome, causes a 0.5-fold protein increase of the chromosome 21-resident gene Pericentrin (PCNT) and reduces primary cilia formation and signaling. We investigate how PCNT imbalances disrupt cilia. Using isogenic RPE-1 cells with increased chromosome 21 dosage, we find PCNT accumulates around the centrosome as a cluster of enlarged cytoplasmic puncta that localize along microtubules (MTs) and at MT ends. Cytoplasmic PCNT puncta impact the density, stability, and localization of the MT trafficking network required for primary cilia. The PCNT puncta appear to sequester cargo peripheral to centrosomes in what we call pericentrosomal crowding. The centriolar satellite proteins PCM1, CEP131, and CEP290, important for ciliogenesis, accumulate at enlarged PCNT puncta in trisomy 21 cells. Reducing PCNT when chromosome 21 ploidy is elevated is sufficient to decrease PCNT puncta and pericentrosomal crowding, reestablish a normal density of MTs around the centrosome, and restore ciliogenesis to wild-type levels. A transient reduction in MTs also decreases pericentrosomal crowding and partially rescues ciliogenesis in trisomy 21 cells, indicating that increased PCNT leads to defects in the MT network deleterious to normal centriolar satellite distribution. We propose that chromosome 21 aneuploidy disrupts MT-dependent intracellular trafficking required for primary cilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey L. McCurdy
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045-2537
| | - Cayla E. Jewett
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045-2537
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045-2537
| | - Alexander J. Stemm-Wolf
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045-2537
| | - Huy Nguyen Duc
- Functional Genomics Facility, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045-2537
| | - Molishree Joshi
- Functional Genomics Facility, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045-2537
| | - Joaquin M. Espinosa
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045-2537
- Functional Genomics Facility, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045-2537
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045-2537
| | - Rytis Prekeris
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045-2537
| | - Chad G. Pearson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045-2537
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045-2537
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Woodward AA, Taylor DM, Goldmuntz E, Mitchell LE, Agopian A, Moore JH, Urbanowicz RJ. Gene-Interaction-Sensitive enrichment analysis in congenital heart disease. BioData Min 2022; 15:4. [PMID: 35151364 PMCID: PMC8841104 DOI: 10.1186/s13040-022-00287-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) uses gene-level univariate associations to identify gene set-phenotype associations for hypothesis generation and interpretation. We propose that GSEA can be adapted to incorporate SNP and gene-level interactions. To this end, gene scores are derived by Relief-based feature importance algorithms that efficiently detect both univariate and interaction effects (MultiSURF) or exclusively interaction effects (MultiSURF*). We compare these interaction-sensitive GSEA approaches to traditional χ2 rankings in simulated genome-wide array data, and in a target and replication cohort of congenital heart disease patients with conotruncal defects (CTDs). Results In the simulation study and for both CTD datasets, both Relief-based approaches to GSEA captured more relevant and significant gene ontology terms compared to the univariate GSEA. Key terms and themes of interest include cell adhesion, migration, and signaling. A leading edge analysis highlighted semaphorins and their receptors, the Slit-Robo pathway, and other genes with roles in the secondary heart field and outflow tract development. Conclusions Our results indicate that interaction-sensitive approaches to enrichment analysis can improve upon traditional univariate GSEA. This approach replicated univariate findings and identified additional and more robust support for the role of the secondary heart field and cardiac neural crest cell migration in the development of CTDs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at (10.1186/s13040-022-00287-w).
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Congenital heart defects among Down’s syndrome cases: an updated review from basic research to an emerging diagnostics technology and genetic counselling. J Genet 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-021-01296-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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7
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Hendrix JA, Amon A, Abbeduto L, Agiovlasitis S, Alsaied T, Anderson HA, Bain LJ, Baumer N, Bhattacharyya A, Bogunovic D, Botteron KN, Capone G, Chandan P, Chase I, Chicoine B, Cieuta-Walti C, DeRuisseau LR, Durand S, Esbensen A, Fortea J, Giménez S, Granholm AC, Hahn LJ, Head E, Hillerstrom H, Jacola LM, Janicki MP, Jasien JM, Kamer AR, Kent RD, Khor B, Lawrence JB, Lemonnier C, Lewanda AF, Mobley W, Moore PE, Nelson LP, Oreskovic NM, Osorio RS, Patterson D, Rasmussen SA, Reeves RH, Roizen N, Santoro S, Sherman SL, Talib N, Tapia IE, Walsh KM, Warren SF, White AN, Wong GW, Yi JS. Opportunities, barriers, and recommendations in down syndrome research. TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE OF RARE DISEASES 2021; 5:99-129. [PMID: 34268067 PMCID: PMC8279178 DOI: 10.3233/trd-200090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent advances in medical care have increased life expectancy and improved the quality of life for people with Down syndrome (DS). These advances are the result of both pre-clinical and clinical research but much about DS is still poorly understood. In 2020, the NIH announced their plan to update their DS research plan and requested input from the scientific and advocacy community. OBJECTIVE The National Down Syndrome Society (NDSS) and the LuMind IDSC Foundation worked together with scientific and medical experts to develop recommendations for the NIH research plan. METHODS NDSS and LuMind IDSC assembled over 50 experts across multiple disciplines and organized them in eleven working groups focused on specific issues for people with DS. RESULTS This review article summarizes the research gaps and recommendations that have the potential to improve the health and quality of life for people with DS within the next decade. CONCLUSIONS This review highlights many of the scientific gaps that exist in DS research. Based on these gaps, a multidisciplinary group of DS experts has made recommendations to advance DS research. This paper may also aid policymakers and the DS community to build a comprehensive national DS research strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelika Amon
- Deceased. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Leonard Abbeduto
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; MIND Institute, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Tarek Alsaied
- Heart Institute Department of Pediatrics Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Nicole Baumer
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Down Syndrome Program, Developmental Medicine Center, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anita Bhattacharyya
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Dusan Bogunovic
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY; Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kelly N. Botteron
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Priya Chandan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Isabelle Chase
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian Chicoine
- Advocate Medical Group Adult Down Syndrome Center, Park Ridge, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | - Anna Esbensen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine & Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Juan Fortea
- Barcelona Down Medical Center, Fundació Catalana de Síndrome de Down, Barcelona, Spain; Sant Pau Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Center of Biomedical Investigation Network for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Giménez
- Multidisciplinary Sleep Unit, Respiratory Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ann-Charlotte Granholm
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura J. Hahn
- Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth Head
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
| | | | - Lisa M. Jacola
- Department of Psychology, St Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Joan M. Jasien
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Angela R. Kamer
- Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, New York University, College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raymond D. Kent
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Bernard Khor
- Benaroy Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jeanne B. Lawrence
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | | | - Amy Feldman Lewanda
- Children s National Rare Disease Institute, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC., USA
| | - William Mobley
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Paul E. Moore
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Nicolas M. Oreskovic
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ricardo S. Osorio
- Center for Brain Health, Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Patterson
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
- Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biophysics Program, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Sonja A. Rasmussen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL; Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Roger H. Reeves
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nancy Roizen
- Department of Pediatrics, UH/Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Stephanie Santoro
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Down Syndrome Program, Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie L. Sherman
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nasreen Talib
- Division of General Pediatrics, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Ignacio E. Tapia
- Sleep Center, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kyle M. Walsh
- Division of Neuro-epidemiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Steven F. Warren
- Institute for Life Span Studies, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - A. Nicole White
- Research Foundation, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Guang William Wong
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - John S. Yi
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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8
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Pecze L, Szabo C. Meta-analysis of gene expression patterns in Down syndrome highlights significant alterations in mitochondrial and bioenergetic pathways. Mitochondrion 2021; 57:163-172. [PMID: 33412332 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) have an extra copy of chromosome 21. Clinical observations and preclinical studies both suggest that DS is associated with altered bioenergetic pathways. Several studies have reported that differentially expressed genes in DS are located not only on chromosome 21 but also on all other chromosomes. Numerous sets of microarray and RNA-seq data are publicly accessible through the Gene Expression Omnibus. We have conducted a meta-analysis on differentially expressed genes between DS and control subjects. Data deposited before July 1, 2020, were identified by using the search terms "Down syndrome" or "trisomy 21" and "human". Gene expression data were analyzed and normalized for each study. The mixed effect model was used to identify the differentially expressed genes. We conclude that in DS more than 60% of the genes located on chromosome 21 are significantly upregulated and none of them are downregulated. In addition, a significant dysregulation of genes occurs on all other chromosomes as well. Several of the upregulated genes in DS encode for important components of various bioenergetic pathways, for instance PFKL and ACLY. Genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation are mostly downregulated in DS. The gene expression alterations are consistent with the development of significant metabolic disturbances ("pseudohypoxia") in DS cells, which may explain some of the well-known functional defects (ranging from neuronal dysfunction to reduced exercise tolerance) associated with DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laszlo Pecze
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Switzerland.
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9
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Trevino CE, Holleman AM, Corbitt H, Maslen CL, Rosser TC, Cutler DJ, Johnston HR, Rambo-Martin BL, Oberoi J, Dooley KJ, Capone GT, Reeves RH, Cordell HJ, Keavney BD, Agopian AJ, Goldmuntz E, Gruber PJ, O'Brien JE, Bittel DC, Wadhwa L, Cua CL, Moskowitz IP, Mulle JG, Epstein MP, Sherman SL, Zwick ME. Identifying genetic factors that contribute to the increased risk of congenital heart defects in infants with Down syndrome. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18051. [PMID: 33093519 PMCID: PMC7582922 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74650-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrioventricular septal defects (AVSD) are a severe congenital heart defect present in individuals with Down syndrome (DS) at a > 2000-fold increased prevalence compared to the general population. This study aimed to identify risk-associated genes and pathways and to examine a potential polygenic contribution to AVSD in DS. We analyzed a total cohort of 702 individuals with DS with or without AVSD, with genomic data from whole exome sequencing, whole genome sequencing, and/or array-based imputation. We utilized sequence kernel association testing and polygenic risk score (PRS) methods to examine rare and common variants. Our findings suggest that the Notch pathway, particularly NOTCH4, as well as genes involved in the ciliome including CEP290 may play a role in AVSD in DS. These pathways have also been implicated in DS-associated AVSD in prior studies. A polygenic component for AVSD in DS has not been examined previously. Using weights based on the largest genome-wide association study of congenital heart defects available (2594 cases and 5159 controls; all general population samples), we found PRS to be associated with AVSD with odds ratios ranging from 1.2 to 1.3 per standard deviation increase in PRS and corresponding liability r2 values of approximately 1%, suggesting at least a small polygenic contribution to DS-associated AVSD. Future studies with larger sample sizes will improve identification and quantification of genetic contributions to AVSD in DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina E Trevino
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, 300 Whitehead Biomedical Research Building, 615 Michael St., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Aaron M Holleman
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Holly Corbitt
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Heart Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Cheryl L Maslen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Heart Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Tracie C Rosser
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, 300 Whitehead Biomedical Research Building, 615 Michael St., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - David J Cutler
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, 300 Whitehead Biomedical Research Building, 615 Michael St., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - H Richard Johnston
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, 300 Whitehead Biomedical Research Building, 615 Michael St., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Benjamin L Rambo-Martin
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, 300 Whitehead Biomedical Research Building, 615 Michael St., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jai Oberoi
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, 300 Whitehead Biomedical Research Building, 615 Michael St., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Kenneth J Dooley
- Sibley Heart Center Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Roger H Reeves
- Department of Physiology and the Institute for Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Heather J Cordell
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Bernard D Keavney
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - A J Agopian
- Human Genetics Center; Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth Goldmuntz
- Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter J Gruber
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - James E O'Brien
- The Ward Family Heart Center, Section of Cardiac Surgery, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Douglas C Bittel
- College of Biosciences, Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | | | - Clifford L Cua
- Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ivan P Moskowitz
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology, and Human Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer G Mulle
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, 300 Whitehead Biomedical Research Building, 615 Michael St., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Michael P Epstein
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, 300 Whitehead Biomedical Research Building, 615 Michael St., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Stephanie L Sherman
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, 300 Whitehead Biomedical Research Building, 615 Michael St., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael E Zwick
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, 300 Whitehead Biomedical Research Building, 615 Michael St., Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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10
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Yim A, Koti P, Bonnard A, Marchiano F, Dürrbaum M, Garcia-Perez C, Villaveces J, Gamal S, Cardone G, Perocchi F, Storchova Z, Habermann BH. mitoXplorer, a visual data mining platform to systematically analyze and visualize mitochondrial expression dynamics and mutations. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:605-632. [PMID: 31799603 PMCID: PMC6954439 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz1128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria participate in metabolism and signaling. They adapt to the requirements of various cell types. Publicly available expression data permit to study expression dynamics of genes with mitochondrial function (mito-genes) in various cell types, conditions and organisms. Yet, we lack an easy way of extracting these data for mito-genes. Here, we introduce the visual data mining platform mitoXplorer, which integrates expression and mutation data of mito-genes with a manually curated mitochondrial interactome containing ∼1200 genes grouped in 38 mitochondrial processes. User-friendly analysis and visualization tools allow to mine mitochondrial expression dynamics and mutations across various datasets from four model species including human. To test the predictive power of mitoXplorer, we quantify mito-gene expression dynamics in trisomy 21 cells, as mitochondrial defects are frequent in trisomy 21. We uncover remarkable differences in the regulation of the mitochondrial transcriptome and proteome in one of the trisomy 21 cell lines, caused by dysregulation of the mitochondrial ribosome and resulting in severe defects in oxidative phosphorylation. With the newly developed Fiji plugin mitoMorph, we identify mild changes in mitochondrial morphology in trisomy 21. Taken together, mitoXplorer (http://mitoxplorer.ibdm.univ-mrs.fr) is a user-friendly, web-based and freely accessible software, aiding experimental scientists to quantify mitochondrial expression dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Yim
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Prasanna Koti
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Adrien Bonnard
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, TAGC U1090, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Fabio Marchiano
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM UMR 7288, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Milena Dürrbaum
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Cecilia Garcia-Perez
- Functional Genomics of Mitochondrial Signaling, Gene Center, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Jose Villaveces
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Salma Gamal
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Giovanni Cardone
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Fabiana Perocchi
- Functional Genomics of Mitochondrial Signaling, Gene Center, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Zuzana Storchova
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.,Department of Molecular Genetics, TU Kaiserslautern, Paul Ehrlich Strasse 24, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Bianca H Habermann
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.,Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IBDM UMR 7288, 13009 Marseille, France
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11
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Vizitiu AC, Stambouli D, Pavel AG, Muresan MC, Anastasiu DM, Bejinar C, Alexa A, Marian C, Sirbu IO, Sima L. Mature miR-99a Upregulation in the Amniotic Fluid Samples from Female Fetus Down Syndrome Pregnancies: A Pilot Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55110728. [PMID: 31703316 PMCID: PMC6915350 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55110728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective: Although Down syndrome is the most frequent aneuploidy, its pathogenic molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood. The aim of our study is to quantify-by qRT-PCR-the expression levels of both the mature forms and the pri-miRNAs of the microRNAs resident on chromosome 21 (miR(21)) in the amniotic fluid samples from Down syndrome singleton pregnancies and to estimate the impact of the differentially expressed microRNAs on Down syndrome fetal heart and amniocytes transcriptomes. Materials and methods: We collected amniotic fluid samples harvested by trained obstetricians as part of the second trimester screening/diagnostic procedure for aneuploidies to assess the trisomy 21 status by QF-PCR and karyotyping. Next, we evaluated-by Taqman qRT-PCR-the expression levels of both the mature forms and the pri-miRNA precursors of the microRNAs resident on chromosome 21 in amniotic fluid samples from singleton Down syndrome and euploid pregnancies. Further, we combined miRWalk 3.0 microRNA target prediction with GEO DataSets analysis to estimate the impact of hsa-miR-99a abnormal expression on Down syndrome heart and amniocytes transcriptome. Results: We found a statistically significant up-regulation of the mature form of miR-99a, but not pri-miR-99a, in the amniotic fluid samples from Down syndrome pregnancies with female fetuses. GATHER functional enrichment analysis of miRWalk3.0-predicted targets from Down syndrome amniocytes and fetal hearts transcriptome GEODataSets outlined both focal adhesion and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction signaling as novel signaling pathways impacted by miR-99a and associated with cardiac defects in female Down syndrome patients. Conclusions: The significant overexpression of miR-99a, but not pri-miR-99a, points towards an alteration of the post-transcriptional mechanisms of hsa-miR-99a maturation and/or stability in the female trisomic milieu, with a potential impact on signaling pathways important for proper development of the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anda-Cornelia Vizitiu
- Doctoral School, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Nr. 2, Timisoara 300041, Romania;
| | - Danae Stambouli
- CytoGenomic Medical Laboratory, Calea Floreasca Nr. 35, Sector 1, Bucharest 014451, Romania; (D.S.); (A.-G.P.)
| | - Anca-Gabriela Pavel
- CytoGenomic Medical Laboratory, Calea Floreasca Nr. 35, Sector 1, Bucharest 014451, Romania; (D.S.); (A.-G.P.)
| | - Maria-Cezara Muresan
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Nr. 2, Timisoara 300041, Romania (D.M.A.)
| | - Diana Maria Anastasiu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Nr. 2, Timisoara 300041, Romania (D.M.A.)
| | - Cristina Bejinar
- Biochemistry Department, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Nr. 2, Timisoara 300041, Romania; (C.B.); (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Anda Alexa
- Biochemistry Department, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Nr. 2, Timisoara 300041, Romania; (C.B.); (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Catalin Marian
- Biochemistry Department, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Nr. 2, Timisoara 300041, Romania; (C.B.); (A.A.); (C.M.)
| | - Ioan Ovidiu Sirbu
- Biochemistry Department, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Nr. 2, Timisoara 300041, Romania; (C.B.); (A.A.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-756-136-272
| | - Laurentiu Sima
- Surgical Semiology Department, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Nr. 2, Timisoara 300041, Romania;
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12
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Liu Y, Chang X, Glessner J, Qu H, Tian L, Li D, Nguyen K, Sleiman PMA, Hakonarson H. Association of Rare Recurrent Copy Number Variants With Congenital Heart Defects Based on Next-Generation Sequencing Data From Family Trios. Front Genet 2019; 10:819. [PMID: 31552105 PMCID: PMC6746959 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are a common birth defect, affecting approximately 1% of newborn children in the United States. As previously reported, a significant number of CHDs are potentially attributed to altered copy number variants (CNVs). However, as many genomic variants are rare, a large-scale CNV triad study is necessary to characterize the genetic architecture of CHD. We used whole-exome sequencing (WES) data generated by the Pediatric Cardiac Genomics Consortium (PCGC), including a discovery dataset of 2,103 individuals from 760 nuclear family trios and an independent replication set of 4,808 individuals from 1,712 trios. The candidate targets uncovered were further validated through different platforms, including the Omni single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array chip in 1,860 individuals and the whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data in 33 trios. The genes harboring CNVs of interest were then investigated for expression alternations based on cardiac tissue RNA-Seq data. We identified multiple CNVs in the WES data that associated with specific sub-phenotypes of CHD in approximately 2,400 families, including 98 de novo CNV regions. We identified five CNV loci harboring LIMS1, GCC2, RANBP2, TTC3, and MAP3K7CL, respectively, where those genes are highly expressed in human heart and/or mouse embryo heart at 15 days. Five novel CNV loci were uncovered, demonstrating altered expression of the respective candidate genes involved. To our knowledge, this is the largest trio-based WES study of CHD and, in addition to uncovering novel CHD targets, presents an extensive resource with the potential to provide important insights to the architecture and impact of CNVs in CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichuan Liu
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xiao Chang
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Joseph Glessner
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Huiqi Qu
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Lifeng Tian
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dong Li
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kenny Nguyen
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Patrick M. A. Sleiman
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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13
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Zhang H, Liu L, Tian J. Molecular mechanisms of congenital heart disease in down syndrome. Genes Dis 2019; 6:372-377. [PMID: 31832516 PMCID: PMC6889238 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS), as a typical genomic aneuploidy, is a common cause of various birth defects, among which is congenital heart disease (CHD). 40-60% neonates with DS have some kinds of CHD. However, the molecular pathogenic mechanisms of DS associated CHD are still not fully understood. This review summarizes available studies on DS associated CHD from seven aspects so as to provide a crucial and updated overview of what we known so far in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Centre, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Lingjuan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Centre, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Centre, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
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14
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Rosser TC, Edgin JO, Capone GT, Hamilton DR, Allen EG, Dooley KJ, Anand P, Strang JF, Armour AC, Frank-Crawford MA, Channell MM, Pierpont EI, Feingold E, Maslen CL, Reeves RH, Sherman SL. Associations Between Medical History, Cognition, and Behavior in Youth With Down Syndrome: A Report From the Down Syndrome Cognition Project. AMERICAN JOURNAL ON INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2018; 123:514-528. [PMID: 30421968 PMCID: PMC7100339 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-123.6.514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The cause of the high degree of variability in cognition and behavior among individuals with Down syndrome (DS) is unknown. We hypothesized that birth defects requiring surgery in the first years of life (congenital heart defects and gastrointestinal defects) might affect an individual's level of function. We used data from the first 234 individuals, age 6-25 years, enrolled in the Down Syndrome Cognition Project (DSCP) to test this hypothesis. Data were drawn from medical records, parent interviews, and a cognitive and behavior assessment battery. Results did not support our hypothesis. That is, we found no evidence that either birth defect was associated with poorer outcomes, adjusting for gender, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Implications for study design and measurement are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracie C Rosser
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Jamie O Edgin
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - George T Capone
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Debra R Hamilton
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Emily G Allen
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Kenneth J Dooley
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Payal Anand
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - John F Strang
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - A Chelsea Armour
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Michelle A Frank-Crawford
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Marie Moore Channell
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Elizabeth I Pierpont
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Eleanor Feingold
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Cheryl L Maslen
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Roger H Reeves
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
| | - Stephanie L Sherman
- Tracie C. Rosser, Emory University; Jamie O. Edgin, University of Arizona; George T. Capone, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Debra R. Hamilton, Emory University; Emily G. Allen, Emory University; Kenneth J. Dooley, Emory University; Payal Anand, University of Arizona; John F. Strang, Children's National Medical Center; A. Chelsea Armour, Children's National Medical Center; Michelle A. Frank-Crawford, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Marie Moore Channell, MIND Institute; Elizabeth I. Pierpont, University of Wisconsin; Eleanor Feingold, University of Pittsburgh; Cheryl L. Maslen, Oregon Health & Science University; Roger H. Reeves, Johns Hopkins University; and Stephanie L. Sherman, Emory University
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Versacci P, Pugnaloni F, Digilio MC, Putotto C, Unolt M, Calcagni G, Baban A, Marino B. Some Isolated Cardiac Malformations Can Be Related to Laterality Defects. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2018; 5:jcdd5020024. [PMID: 29724030 PMCID: PMC6023464 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd5020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human beings are characterized by a left–right asymmetric arrangement of their internal organs, and the heart is the first organ to break symmetry in the developing embryo. Aberrations in normal left–right axis determination during embryogenesis lead to a wide spectrum of abnormal internal laterality phenotypes, including situs inversus and heterotaxy. In more than 90% of instances, the latter condition is accompanied by complex and severe cardiovascular malformations. Atrioventricular canal defect and transposition of the great arteries—which are particularly frequent in the setting of heterotaxy—are commonly found in situs solitus with or without genetic syndromes. Here, we review current data on morphogenesis of the heart in human beings and animal models, familial recurrence, and upstream genetic pathways of left–right determination in order to highlight how some isolated congenital heart diseases, very common in heterotaxy, even in the setting of situs solitus, may actually be considered in the pathogenetic field of laterality defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Versacci
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Flaminia Pugnaloni
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Cristina Digilio
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital and Research Institute, 00165 Rome, Italy.
| | - Carolina Putotto
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Marta Unolt
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giulio Calcagni
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital and Research Institute, 00165 Rome, Italy.
| | - Anwar Baban
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital and Research Institute, 00165 Rome, Italy.
| | - Bruno Marino
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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16
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Genotype-phenotype correlation for congenital heart disease in Down syndrome through analysis of partial trisomy 21 cases. Genomics 2017. [PMID: 28648597 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Among Down syndrome (DS) children, 40-50% have congenital heart disease (CHD). Although trisomy 21 is not sufficient to cause CHD, three copies of at least part of chromosome 21 (Hsa21) increases the risk for CHD. In order to establish a genotype-phenotype correlation for CHD in DS, we built an integrated Hsa21 map of all described partial trisomy 21 (PT21) cases with sufficient indications regarding presence or absence of CHD (n=107), focusing on DS PT21 cases. We suggest a DS CHD candidate region on 21q22.2 (0.96Mb), being shared by most PT21 cases with CHD and containing three known protein-coding genes (DSCAM, BACE2, PLAC4) and four known non-coding RNAs (DSCAM-AS1, DSCAM-IT1, LINC00323, MIR3197). The characterization of a DS CHD candidate region provides a useful approach to identify specific genes contributing to the pathology and to orient further investigations and possibly more effective therapy in relation to the multifactorial pathogenesis of CHD.
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17
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Burns T, Yang Y, Hiriart E, Wessels A. The Dorsal Mesenchymal Protrusion and the Pathogenesis of Atrioventricular Septal Defects. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2016; 3. [PMID: 28133602 PMCID: PMC5267359 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd3040029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart malformations are the most common type of defects found at birth. About 1% of infants are born with one or more heart defect on a yearly basis. Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) causes more deaths in the first year of life than any other congenital abnormality, and each year, nearly twice as many children die in the United States from CHD as from all forms of childhood cancers combined. Atrioventricular septal defects (AVSD) are congenital heart malformations affecting approximately 1 in 2000 live births. Babies born with an AVSD often require surgical intervention shortly after birth. However, even after successful surgery, these individuals typically have to deal with lifelong complications with the most common being a leaky mitral valve. In recent years the understanding of the molecular etiology and morphological mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of AVSDs has significantly changed. Specifically, these studies have linked abnormal development of the Dorsal Mesenchymal Protrusion (DMP), a Second Heart Field-derived structure, to the development of this congenital defect. In this review we will be discuss some of the latest insights into the role of the DMP in the normal formation of the atrioventricular septal complex and in the pathogenesis of AVSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Burns
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (T.B.); (Y.Y.); (E.H.)
| | - Yanping Yang
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (T.B.); (Y.Y.); (E.H.)
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shanxi Medical University, No 56 Xin Jian Nan Road, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Emilye Hiriart
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (T.B.); (Y.Y.); (E.H.)
| | - Andy Wessels
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (T.B.); (Y.Y.); (E.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-843-792-8183
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18
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Wang L, Li Z, Song X, Liu L, Su G, Cui Y. Bioinformatic Analysis of Genes and MicroRNAs Associated With Atrioventricular Septal Defect in Down Syndrome Patients. Int Heart J 2016; 57:490-5. [PMID: 27396555 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.15-319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is a common chromosome 21 abnormality disease, leading to various health problems, especially atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD). Genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with AVSD in DS patients still need in-depth study.Gene expression data (GSE34457) of 22 DS patients without congenital heart disease and 7 DS patients with AVSD were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus. After screening differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on limma package in R (criteria: P < 0.05 and |log2 fold change (FC)| > 0.5), pathway and functional enrichment analyses were performed using the online software DAVID (criterion: P < 0.05). The protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of DEGs were constructed based on the online server STRING (criterion: combined score > 0.4). Next, miRNAs that targeted DEGs were predicted based on Webgestalt (criteria: P < 0.05 and target DEGs ≥ 2), and miRNA-DEG regulatory networks were visualized through Cytoscape.A total of 179 DEGs were identified. Next, 5 functions and 1 pathway were enriched by up-regulated DEGs, while 4 functions were enriched by down-regulated DEGs. Furthermore, miRNA-DEG regulatory networks were constructed. IL1B was the hub-gene of PPI networks, and AUTS2 and KIAA2022 were predicted to be targeted by miR-518a, miR518e, miR-518f, miR-528a, and miR-96.IL1B, IL12RB2, AUTS2, and KIAA2022 might participate in AVSD in DS patients, and AUTS2 and KIAA2022 might be targeted by miR-518a, miR-518e, miR-518f, miR-528a, and miR-96. The identified genes and miRNAs might provide a theoretical basis for understanding AVSD in DS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University
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19
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Chen D, Zhang Z, Meng Y. Systematic Tracking of Disrupted Modules Identifies Altered Pathways Associated with Congenital Heart Defects in Down Syndrome. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:3334-42. [PMID: 26524729 PMCID: PMC4635630 DOI: 10.12659/msm.896001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This work aimed to identify altered pathways in congenital heart defects (CHD) in Down syndrome (DS) by systematically tracking the dysregulated modules of reweighted protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. MATERIAL AND METHODS We performed systematic identification and comparison of modules across normal and disease conditions by integrating PPI and gene-expression data. Based on Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC), normal and disease PPI networks were inferred and reweighted. Then, modules in the PPI network were explored by clique-merging algorithm; altered modules were identified via maximum weight bipartite matching and ranked in non-increasing order. Finally, pathways enrichment analysis of genes in altered modules was carried out based on Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) to study the biological pathways in CHD in DS. RESULTS Our analyses revealed that 348 altered modules were identified by comparing modules in normal and disease PPI networks. Pathway functional enrichment analysis of disrupted module genes showed that the 4 most significantly altered pathways were: ECM-receptor interaction, purine metabolism, focal adhesion, and dilated cardiomyopathy. CONCLUSIONS We successfully identified 4 altered pathways and we predicted that these pathways would be good indicators for CHD in DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denghong Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Department of Children's Health Prevention, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Yuxiu Meng
- Department of Neonatology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
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20
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Genome-Wide Association Study of Down Syndrome-Associated Atrioventricular Septal Defects. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2015; 5:1961-71. [PMID: 26194203 PMCID: PMC4592978 DOI: 10.1534/g3.115.019943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to identify the contribution of common genetic variants to Down syndrome−associated atrioventricular septal defect, a severe heart abnormality. Compared with the euploid population, infants with Down syndrome, or trisomy 21, have a 2000-fold increased risk of presenting with atrioventricular septal defects. The cause of this increased risk remains elusive. Here we present data from the largest heart study conducted to date on a trisomic background by using a carefully characterized collection of individuals from extreme ends of the phenotypic spectrum. We performed a genome-wide association study using logistic regression analysis on 452 individuals with Down syndrome, consisting of 210 cases with complete atrioventricular septal defects and 242 controls with structurally normal hearts. No individual variant achieved genome-wide significance. We identified four disomic regions (1p36.3, 5p15.31, 8q22.3, and 17q22) and two trisomic regions on chromosome 21 (around PDXK and KCNJ6 genes) that merit further investigation in large replication studies. Our data show that a few common genetic variants of large effect size (odds ratio >2.0) do not account for the elevated risk of Down syndrome−associated atrioventricular septal defects. Instead, multiple variants of low-to-moderate effect sizes may contribute to this elevated risk, highlighting the complex genetic architecture of atrioventricular septal defects even in the highly susceptible Down syndrome population.
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21
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Tongsong T, Tongprasert F, Srisupundit K, Luewan S, Traisrisilp K. Cardio-STIC (spatio-temporal image correlation) as genetic ultrasound of fetal Down syndrome. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2014; 28:1943-9. [PMID: 25547188 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2014.973395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate efficacy of cardio-STIC in detection of fetal Down syndrome. METHODS Cardio-STIC volume datasets (VDS) were prospectively collected from women during 16-22 weeks, consisting of 40 VDS acquired from fetuses with Down syndrome and 400 VDS from normal fetuses. All VDS were blindly analyzed. RESULTS Between both groups, most dimensions were comparable but the right-sided dimensions were significantly greater in fetuses with Down syndrome. Interestingly, shortening fraction was also significantly higher in affected fetuses. Right-to-left disproportion and shortening fraction were used as cardiac markers as well as other eight structural markers to predict fetal Down syndrome. Tricuspid regurgitation had highest sensitivity (30%); followed by VSD (27.5%), right-to-left disproportion (20.0%), and echogenic intra-cardiac foci (EIF; 17.5%). If the test was considered positive in case of the presence of any cardiac marker, cardio-STIC had a detection rate of 72.5% and false-positive rate of 19.5%. Likelihood ratio of each marker for modifying priori risk was also provided. CONCLUSION Cardio-STIC as genetic ultrasound for Down syndrome had a detection rate of about 70% and false-positive rate 20%. Cardio-STIC analysis can be helpful in estimation of fetal risk for Down syndrome and counseling when the prenatal diagnosis of the syndrome is made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theera Tongsong
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand
| | - Fuanglada Tongprasert
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand
| | - Kasemsri Srisupundit
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand
| | - Suchaya Luewan
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand
| | - Kuntharee Traisrisilp
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand
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22
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Contribution of copy-number variation to Down syndrome-associated atrioventricular septal defects. Genet Med 2014; 17:554-60. [PMID: 25341113 PMCID: PMC4408203 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2014.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The goal of this study was to identify the contribution of large copy number variants (CNV) to Down syndrome (DS) associated atrioventricular septal defects (AVSD), whose risk in the trisomic population is 2000-fold more compared to general disomic population. Methods Genome-wide CNV analysis was performed on 452 individuals with DS (210 cases with complete AVSD; 242 controls with structurally normal hearts) using Affymetrix SNP 6.0 arrays, making this the largest heart study conducted to date on a trisomic background. Results Large common CNVs with substantial effect sizes (OR>2.0) do not account for the increased risk observed in DS-associated AVSD. In contrast, cases had a greater burden of large rare deletions (p<0.01) and intersected more genes (p<0.007) when compared to controls. We also observed a suggestive enrichment of deletions intersecting ciliome genes in cases compared to controls. Conclusion Our data provide strong evidence that large rare deletions increase the risk of DS-associated AVSD, while large common CNVs do not appear to increase the risk of DS-associated AVSD. The genetic architecture of AVSD is complex and multifactorial in nature.
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23
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Al-Biltagi MA. Echocardiography in children with Down syndrome. World J Clin Pediatr 2013; 2:36-45. [PMID: 25254173 PMCID: PMC4145652 DOI: 10.5409/wjcp.v2.i4.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease is a common problem in children with Down syndrome (DS). Echocardiography plays an important role in the detection of both structural and functional abnormalities in this group of patients. Fetal echocardiography can help in the early recognition of DS by detecting soft markers of DS, but its main role is to define the exact nature of the suspected cardiac problem in the fetus. Postnatal echocardiography is mandatory in the first month of life for all neonates with DS. It is also indicated before any cardiac surgery and for serial follow-up after cardiac surgery. In this article, we discuss the types and mechanism of cardiac abnormalities in DS children and the role of both fetal and postnatal echocardiography in the detection of these abnormalities.
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24
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Al-Biltagi MA. Echocardiography in children with Down syndrome. World J Clin Pediatr 2013. [PMID: 25254173 DOI: 10.5409/wjcp.v2.i4.36.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease is a common problem in children with Down syndrome (DS). Echocardiography plays an important role in the detection of both structural and functional abnormalities in this group of patients. Fetal echocardiography can help in the early recognition of DS by detecting soft markers of DS, but its main role is to define the exact nature of the suspected cardiac problem in the fetus. Postnatal echocardiography is mandatory in the first month of life for all neonates with DS. It is also indicated before any cardiac surgery and for serial follow-up after cardiac surgery. In this article, we discuss the types and mechanism of cardiac abnormalities in DS children and the role of both fetal and postnatal echocardiography in the detection of these abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Al-Biltagi
- Mohammed A Al-Biltagi, Paediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
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25
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Sailani MR, Makrythanasis P, Valsesia A, Santoni FA, Deutsch S, Popadin K, Borel C, Migliavacca E, Sharp AJ, Duriaux Sail G, Falconnet E, Rabionet K, Serra-Juhé C, Vicari S, Laux D, Grattau Y, Dembour G, Megarbane A, Touraine R, Stora S, Kitsiou S, Fryssira H, Chatzisevastou-Loukidou C, Kanavakis E, Merla G, Bonnet D, Pérez-Jurado LA, Estivill X, Delabar JM, Antonarakis SE. The complex SNP and CNV genetic architecture of the increased risk of congenital heart defects in Down syndrome. Genome Res 2013; 23:1410-21. [PMID: 23783273 PMCID: PMC3759718 DOI: 10.1101/gr.147991.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Congenital heart defect (CHD) occurs in 40% of Down syndrome (DS) cases. While carrying three copies of chromosome 21 increases the risk for CHD, trisomy 21 itself is not sufficient to cause CHD. Thus, additional genetic variation and/or environmental factors could contribute to the CHD risk. Here we report genomic variations that in concert with trisomy 21, determine the risk for CHD in DS. This case-control GWAS includes 187 DS with CHD (AVSD = 69, ASD = 53, VSD = 65) as cases, and 151 DS without CHD as controls. Chromosome 21–specific association studies revealed rs2832616 and rs1943950 as CHD risk alleles (adjusted genotypic P-values <0.05). These signals were confirmed in a replication cohort of 92 DS-CHD cases and 80 DS-without CHD (nominal P-value 0.0022). Furthermore, CNV analyses using a customized chromosome 21 aCGH of 135K probes in 55 DS-AVSD and 53 DS-without CHD revealed three CNV regions associated with AVSD risk (FDR ≤ 0.05). Two of these regions that are located within the previously identified CHD region on chromosome 21 were further confirmed in a replication study of 49 DS-AVSD and 45 DS- without CHD (FDR ≤ 0.05). One of these CNVs maps near the RIPK4 gene, and the second includes the ZBTB21 (previously ZNF295) gene, highlighting the potential role of these genes in the pathogenesis of CHD in DS. We propose that the genetic architecture of the CHD risk of DS is complex and includes trisomy 21, and SNP and CNV variations in chromosome 21. In addition, a yet-unidentified genetic variation in the rest of the genome may contribute to this complex genetic architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Reza Sailani
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
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