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Genina EA, Lazareva EN, Surkov YI, Serebryakova IA, Shushunova NA. Optical parameters of healthy and tumor breast tissues in mice. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024; 17:e202400123. [PMID: 38925916 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Knowledge of the optical parameters of tumors is important for choosing the correct laser treatment parameters. In this paper, optical properties and refraction indices of breast tissue in healthy mice and a 4T1 model mimicking human breast cancer have been measured. A significant decrease in both the scattering and refractive index of tumor tissue has been observed. The change in tissue morphology has induced the change in the slope of the scattering spectrum. Thus, the light penetration depth into tumor has increased by almost 1.5-2 times in the near infrared "optical windows." Raman spectra have shown lower lipid content and higher protein content in tumor. The difference in the optical parameters of the tissues under study makes it possible to reliably differentiate them. The results may be useful for modeling the distribution of laser radiation in healthy tissues and cancers for deriving optimal irradiation conditions in photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina A Genina
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
- Laboratory of Laser Molecular Imaging and Machine Learning, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina N Lazareva
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
- Laboratory of Laser Molecular Imaging and Machine Learning, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Yuri I Surkov
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
- Laboratory of Laser Molecular Imaging and Machine Learning, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Biomedical Photoacoustic, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
| | - Isabella A Serebryakova
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
- Laboratory of Laser Molecular Imaging and Machine Learning, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Natalya A Shushunova
- Laboratory of Biomedical Photoacoustic, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
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2
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Russo GC, Crawford AJ, Clark D, Cui J, Carney R, Karl MN, Su B, Starich B, Lih TS, Kamat P, Zhang Q, Nair PR, Wu PH, Lee MH, Leong HS, Zhang H, Rebecca VW, Wirtz D. E-cadherin interacts with EGFR resulting in hyper-activation of ERK in multiple models of breast cancer. Oncogene 2024; 43:1445-1462. [PMID: 38509231 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03007-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The loss of intercellular adhesion molecule E-cadherin is a hallmark of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), during which tumor cells transition into an invasive phenotype. Accordingly, E-cadherin has long been considered a tumor suppressor gene; however, E-cadherin expression is paradoxically correlated with breast cancer survival rates. Using novel multi-compartment organoids and multiple in vivo models, we show that E-cadherin promotes a hyper-proliferative phenotype in breast cancer cells via interaction with the transmembrane receptor EGFR. The E-cad and EGFR interaction results in activation of the MEK/ERK signaling pathway, leading to a significant increase in proliferation via activation of transcription factors, including c-Fos. Pharmacological inhibition of MEK activity in E-cadherin positive breast cancer significantly decreases both tumor growth and macro-metastasis in vivo. This work provides evidence for a novel role of E-cadherin in breast tumor progression and identifies a new target to treat hyper-proliferative E-cadherin-positive breast tumors, thus providing the foundation to utilize E-cadherin as a biomarker for specific therapeutic success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella C Russo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Ashleigh J Crawford
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - David Clark
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Julie Cui
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Ryan Carney
- Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Michelle N Karl
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Boyang Su
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bartholomew Starich
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Tung-Shing Lih
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Pratik Kamat
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Qiming Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Praful R Nair
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Pei-Hsun Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Meng-Horng Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Hon S Leong
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Vito W Rebecca
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Denis Wirtz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
- Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center and Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
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Katner S, Ginsburg EP, Hampton JD, Peterson EJ, Koblinski JE, Farrell NP. A Comparison of Di- and Trinuclear Platinum Complexes Interacting with Glycosaminoglycans for Targeted Chemotherapy. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1224-1230. [PMID: 37736178 PMCID: PMC10510529 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) and their associated proteins aid in tumor progression through modulation of biological events such as cell invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, and immunological responses. Metalloshielding of the anionic heparan sulfate (HS) chains by cationic polynuclear platinum complexes (PPCs) prevents the HS from interacting with HS-associated proteins and thus diminishes the critical functions of HSPG. Studies herein exploring the PPC-HS interactions demonstrated that a series of PPCs varying in charge, nuclearity, distance between Pt centers, and hydrogen-bonding ability influence HS affinity. We report that the polyamine-linked complexes have high HS affinity and display excellent in vivo activity against breast cancer metastases and those arising in the bone and liver compared to carboplatin. Overall, the PPC-HS niche offers an attractive approach for targeting HSPG-expressing tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha
J. Katner
- Department
of Biochemistry, Chemistry, and Geology, Minnesota State University, Mankato, Mankato, Minnesota 56001, United States
| | - Eric P. Ginsburg
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - James D. Hampton
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
- Massey
Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Erica J. Peterson
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
- Massey
Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Jennifer E. Koblinski
- Massey
Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
- Department
of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Nicholas P. Farrell
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
- Massey
Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
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4
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Han Y, Katayama S, Futakuchi M, Nakamichi K, Wakabayashi Y, Sakamoto M, Nakayama J, Semba K. Targeting c-Jun Is a Potential Therapy for Luminal Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis. Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:908-921. [PMID: 37310848 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-0695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Luminal breast cancer has the highest bone metastasis frequency among all breast cancer subtypes; however, its metastatic mechanism has not been elucidated because of a lack of appropriate models. We have previously developed useful bone metastatic cell lines of luminal breast cancer using MCF7 cells. In this study, we characterized bone metastatic MCF7-BM cell lines and identified c-Jun as a novel bone metastasis marker of luminal breast cancer. The protein level of c-Jun was upregulated in MCF7-BM cells compared with that in parental cells, and its deficiency resulted in the suppression of tumor cell migration, transformation, and reduced osteolytic ability. In vivo, dominant-negative c-Jun exhibited smaller bone metastatic lesions and a lower metastatic frequency. Histologic analysis revealed that c-Jun expression was heterogeneous in bone metastatic lesions, whereas c-Jun overexpression mediated a vicious cycle between MCF7-BM cells and osteoclasts by enhancing calcium-induced migration and releasing the osteoclast activator BMP5. Pharmacological inhibition of c-Jun by the Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor JNK-IN-8 effectively suppressed tumorigenesis and bone metastasis in MCF7-BM cells. Furthermore, c-Jun downstream signals were specifically correlated with the clinical prognosis of patients with the luminal subtype of breast cancer. Our results illustrate the potential benefits of a therapy that targets c-Jun to prevent bone metastasis in luminal breast cancer. IMPLICATIONS c-Jun expression mediates bone metastasis in luminal breast cancer by forming a vicious cycle in the bone microenvironment, which reveals potential strategies for subtype-specific bone metastasis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Han
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shota Katayama
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Futakuchi
- Department of Pathological Diagnostics, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Kazuya Nakamichi
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaro Wakabayashi
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mai Sakamoto
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Nakayama
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Integrative Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Semba
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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5
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Yang K, Xu L, Xu Y, Shen Q, Qin T, Yu Y, Nie Y, Yao H, Xu X. Nanoparticles (NPs)-mediated lncBCMA silencing to promote eEF1A1 ubiquitination and suppress breast cancer growth and metastasis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:3489-3502. [PMID: 37655325 PMCID: PMC10465873 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in cancer metastasis. Exploring metastasis-associated lncRNAs and developing effective strategy for targeted regulation of lncRNA function in vivo are of utmost importance for the treatment of metastatic cancer, which however remains a big challenge. Herein, we identified a new functional lncRNA (denoted lncBCMA), which could stabilize the expression of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A1 (eEF1A1) via antagonizing its ubiquitination to promote triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) growth and metastasis. Based on this regulatory mechanism, an endosomal pH-responsive nanoparticle (NP) platform was engineered for systemic lncBCMA siRNA (siBCMA) delivery. This NPs-mediated siBCMA delivery could effectively silence lncBCMA expression and promote eEF1A1 ubiquitination, thereby leading to a significant inhibition of TNBC tumor growth and metastasis. These findings show that lncBCMA could be used as a potential biomarker to predict the prognosis of TNBC patients and NPs-mediated lncBCMA silencing could be an effective strategy for metastatic TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan 528200, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan 528200, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Qian Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan 528200, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Tao Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yunfang Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yan Nie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Herui Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xiaoding Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan 528200, China
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Skourti E, Volpe A, Lang C, Johnson P, Panagaki F, Fruhwirth GO. Spatiotemporal quantitative microRNA-155 imaging reports immune-mediated changes in a triple-negative breast cancer model. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1180233. [PMID: 37359535 PMCID: PMC10285160 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1180233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs and represent key players in physiology and disease. Aberrant microRNA expression is central to the development and progression of cancer, with various microRNAs proposed as potential cancer biomarkers and drug targets. There is a need to better understand dynamic microRNA expression changes as cancers progress and their tumor microenvironments evolve. Therefore, spatiotemporal and non-invasive in vivo microRNA quantification in tumor models would be highly beneficial. Methods We developed an in vivo microRNA detector platform in which the obtained signals are positively correlated to microRNA presence, and which permitted stable expression in cancer cells as needed for long-term experimentation in tumor biology. It exploits a radionuclide-fluorescence dual-reporter for quantitative in vivo imaging of a microRNA of choice by radionuclide tomography and fluorescence-based downstream ex vivo tissue analyses. We generated and characterized breast cancer cells stably expressing various microRNA detectors and validated them in vitro. Results We found the microRNA detector platform to report on microRNA presence in cells specifically and accurately, which was independently confirmed by real-time PCR and through microRNA modulation. Moreover, we established various breast tumor models in animals with different levels of residual immune systems and observed microRNA detector read-outs by imaging. Applying the detector platform to the progression of a triple-negative breast cancer model, we found that miR-155 upregulation in corresponding tumors was dependent on macrophage presence in tumors, revealing immune-mediated phenotypic changes in these tumors as they progressed. Conclusion While applied to immunooncology in this work, this multimodal in vivo microRNA detector platform will be useful whenever non-invasive quantification of spatiotemporal microRNA changes in living animals is of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Skourti
- Imaging Therapies and Cancer Group, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alessia Volpe
- Imaging Therapies and Cancer Group, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cameron Lang
- Imaging Therapies and Cancer Group, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Preeth Johnson
- Imaging Therapies and Cancer Group, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fani Panagaki
- Imaging Therapies and Cancer Group, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gilbert O. Fruhwirth
- Imaging Therapies and Cancer Group, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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7
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Javed S, Soukhtehzari S, Salmond N, Fernandes N, Williams KC. Development of an in vivo system to model breast cancer metastatic organotropism and evaluate treatment response using the chick embryo. iScience 2023; 26:106305. [PMID: 36950119 PMCID: PMC10025954 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic lesions produced through the process of systemic tumor cell dissemination and growth at distant sites are challenging to treat and the primary cause of patient mortality. Developing in vivo models of metastasis with utility in evaluating molecular targets and therapeutics in a timely manner would expedite the path to therapeutic discovery. Here, we evaluated breast cancer metastasis and metastatic organotropism using the chick embryo. We developed a method to evaluate metastasis using the MDA231 cell line. Then, using cell lines with demonstrated tropism for the bone, brain, and lung, we evaluated organotropism. Rapid and robust organ-specific metastasis was modeled in the chick embryo and, importantly, recapitulated metastatic organotropism congruent to what has been demonstrated in mice. Treatment response in the metastatic setting was also evaluated and quantified. This work establishes the chick embryo as a model for studies aimed at understanding organotropism and therapeutic response in the metastatic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumreen Javed
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sepideh Soukhtehzari
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nikki Salmond
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nazarine Fernandes
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Karla C. Williams
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Corresponding author
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8
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Beniey M, Hubert A, Haque T, Cotte AK, Béchir N, Zhang X, Tran-Thanh D, Hassan S. Sequential targeting of PARP with carboplatin inhibits primary tumour growth and distant metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:1964-1975. [PMID: 36941406 PMCID: PMC10147920 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02226-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) develop early recurrence. While PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have demonstrated potential in BRCA1/2-mutant (BRCAMUT) TNBC, durable responses will likely be achieved if PARPi are used in combination. It is plausible that sequential administration of a potent PARPi like talazoparib in combination with carboplatin can enhance primary tumour and metastasis inhibition in BRCAMUT and BRCA1/2 wild-type (BRCAWT) TNBCs, and decrease toxicity. METHODS We evaluated the impact of the concurrent combination of talazoparib and carboplatin on cell survival in 13 TNBC cell lines. We compared the concurrent and sequential combination upon fork replication, migration and invasion. We also used three orthotopic xenograft models to evaluate primary tumour growth, distant metastasis, and toxicity. RESULTS Concurrent talazoparib and carboplatin was synergistic in 92.3% of TNBC cell lines, independent of BRCA1/2-mutation status. The sequential combination decreased fork speed in normal cells, but not in TNBC cells. The talazoparib-first sequential combination resulted in a strong reduction in migration (70.4%, P < 0.0001), invasion (56.9%, P < 0.0001), lung micrometastasis (56.4%, P < 0.0001), and less toxicity in a BRCAWT model. CONCLUSION The sequential combination of talazoparib and carboplatin is an effective approach to inhibit micrometastatic disease, providing rationale for the use of this combination in early TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michèle Beniey
- Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Institut du cancer de Montréal, Centre de Recherche de Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Audrey Hubert
- Institut du cancer de Montréal, Centre de Recherche de Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Takrima Haque
- Institut du cancer de Montréal, Centre de Recherche de Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexia Karen Cotte
- Institut du cancer de Montréal, Centre de Recherche de Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Nelly Béchir
- Institut du cancer de Montréal, Centre de Recherche de Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- Institut du cancer de Montréal, Centre de Recherche de Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Danh Tran-Thanh
- Department of Pathology, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Saima Hassan
- Department of Surgery, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Institut du cancer de Montréal, Centre de Recherche de Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Division of Surgical Oncology, CHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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9
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Ramzan F, Nabi SA, Lone MS, Imtiyaz K, Urooj L, Vishakha V, Sharma K, Rizvi MMA, Shafi S, Samim M, Bano S, Javed K. Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Biological Evaluation of a New Series of Benzothiazinones and Their Benzothiazinyl Acetate Derivatives as Anticancer Agents against MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells and as Anti-Inflammatory Agents. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:6650-6662. [PMID: 36844525 PMCID: PMC9948161 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Six 1,4-benzothiazin-3-ones (2a-f) and four benzothiazinyl acetate derivatives (3a-d) were synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopic methods, namely, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, MS, and elemental analysis. The cytotoxic effects of the compounds were assessed against MCF-7, a human breast cancer cell line, along with their anti-inflammatory activity. Molecular docking studies performed against the VEGFR2 kinase receptor displayed a common binding orientation of the compounds in the catalytic binding pocket of the receptor. The generalized Born surface area (GBSA) studies of compound 2c with the highest docking score also proved its stability in binding to the kinase receptor. Compounds 2c and 2b showed better results against VEGFR2 kinase with IC50 values of 0.0528 and 0.0593 μM, respectively, compared to sorafenib. All of the compounds (2a-f and 3a-d) showed effective growth inhibition having (IC50) values of 2.26, 1.37, 1.29, 2.30, 4.98, 3.7, 5.19, 4.50, 4.39, and 3.31 μM, respectively, against the MCF-7 cell line compared to standard 5-fluorouracil (IC50 = 7.79 μM). However, compound 2c displayed remarkable cytotoxic activity (IC50 = 1.29 μM), suggesting it as a lead compound in the cytotoxic assay. Additionally, compounds 2c and 2b showed better results against VEGFR2 kinase with IC50 values of 0.0528 and 0.0593 μM, respectively, compared to sorafenib. It also inhibited hemolysis by stabilizing the membrane comparable to that of diclofenac sodium, a standard used in the human red blood cell membrane stabilization assay and hence can act as a template for designing novel anticancer and anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhat Ramzan
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Syed Ayaz Nabi
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mehak Saba Lone
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Khalid Imtiyaz
- Department
of Biosciences, Genome biology lab, Jamia
Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Laraib Urooj
- Department
of Biosciences, Genome biology lab, Jamia
Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Vishakha Vishakha
- Central
European Institute of Technology, Brno University
of Technology, Brno 61200, Czech Republic
| | - Kalicharan Sharma
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delhi Pharmaceutical
Sciences and Research University Pushpvihar, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - M. Moshahid A. Rizvi
- Department
of Biosciences, Genome biology lab, Jamia
Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Syed Shafi
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohammed Samim
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Sameena Bano
- Department
of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering Sciences
and Technology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Kalim Javed
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110062, India
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Chen S, Paul MR, Sterner CJ, Belka GK, Wang D, Xu P, Sreekumar A, Pan TC, Pant DK, Makhlin I, DeMichele A, Mesaros C, Chodosh LA. PAQR8 promotes breast cancer recurrence and confers resistance to multiple therapies. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:1. [PMID: 36597146 PMCID: PMC9811758 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-022-01559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer mortality is principally due to recurrent disease that becomes resistant to therapy. We recently identified copy number (CN) gain of the putative membrane progesterone receptor PAQR8 as one of four focal CN alterations that preferentially occurred in recurrent metastatic tumors compared to primary tumors in breast cancer patients. Whether PAQR8 plays a functional role in cancer is unknown. Notably, PAQR8 CN gain in recurrent tumors was mutually exclusive with activating ESR1 mutations in patients treated with anti-estrogen therapies and occurred in > 50% of both patients treated with anti-estrogen therapies and those treated with chemotherapy or anti-Her2 agents. METHODS We used orthotopic mouse models to determine whether PAQR8 overexpression or deletion alters breast cancer dormancy or recurrence following therapy. In vitro studies, including assays for colony formation, cell viability, and relative cell fitness, were employed to identify effects of PAQR8 in the context of therapy. Cell survival and proliferation were quantified by immunofluorescence staining for markers of apoptosis and proliferation. Sphingolipids were quantified by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. RESULTS We show that PAQR8 is necessary and sufficient for efficient mammary tumor recurrence in mice, spontaneously upregulated and CN gained in recurrent tumors that arise following therapy in multiple mouse models, and associated with poor survival following recurrence as well as poor overall survival in breast cancer patients. PAQR8 promoted resistance to therapy by enhancing tumor cell survival following estrogen receptor pathway inhibition by fulvestrant or estrogen deprivation, Her2 pathway blockade by lapatinib or Her2 downregulation, and treatment with chemotherapeutic agents. Pro-survival effects of PAQR8 were mediated by a Gi protein-dependent reduction in cAMP levels, did not require progesterone, and involved a PAQR8-dependent decrease in ceramide levels and increase in sphingosine-1-phosphate levels, suggesting that PAQR8 may possess ceramidase activity. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide in vivo evidence that PAQR8 plays a functional role in cancer, implicate PAQR8, cAMP, and ceramide metabolism in breast cancer recurrence, and identify a novel mechanism that may commonly contribute to the acquisition of treatment resistance in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisai Chen
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Matt R. Paul
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Christopher J. Sterner
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - George K. Belka
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Dezhen Wang
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Peining Xu
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Amulya Sreekumar
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Tien-chi Pan
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Dhruv K. Pant
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Igor Makhlin
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Angela DeMichele
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Clementina Mesaros
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Lewis A. Chodosh
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Room 614 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6160 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 89722-PREVENT Translational Center of Excellence, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
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Shveid Gerson D, Gerson‐Cwilich R, Lara Torres CO, Chousleb de Kalach A, Ventura Gallegos JL, Badillo‐Garcia LE, Bargalló Rocha JE, Maffuz‐Aziz A, Sánchez Forgach ER, Castorena Roji G, Robles Vidal CD, Vargas‐Castillo A, Torres N, Tovar AR, Contreras Jarquín M, Gómez Osnaya JT, Zentella‐Dehesa A. Establishment of triple-negative breast cancer cells based on BMI: A novel model in the correlation between obesity and breast cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:988968. [PMID: 36591465 PMCID: PMC9795201 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.988968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Obesity has been associated with an increased risk of biologically aggressive variants in breast cancer. Women with obesity often have tumors diagnosed at later stages of the disease, associated with a poorer prognosis and a different response to treatment. Human cell lines have been derived from specific subtypes of breast cancer and have served to define the cell physiology of corresponding breast cancer subtypes. However, there are no current cell lines for breast cancer specifically derived from patients with different BMIs. The availability of those breast cancer cell lines should allow to describe and unravel functional alterations linked to these comorbidities. Methods Cell cultures were established from tumor explants. Once generated, the triple negative subtype in a patient with obesity and a patient with a normal BMI were chosen for comparison. For cellular characterization, the following assays were conducted: proliferation assays, chemo - sensitivity assays for doxorubicin and paclitaxel, wound healing motility assays, matrix invasion assays, breast cancer cell growth to estradiol by chronic exposure to leptin, induction of endothelial permeability and tumorigenic potential in athymic mice with normo - versus hypercaloric diets with an evaluation of the epithelium - mesenchymal transformation proteins. Results Two different cell lines, were established from patients with breast cancer: DSG-BC1, with a BMI of 21.9 kg/m2 and DSG-BC2, with a BMI of 31.5 kg/m2. In vitro, these two cell lines show differential growth rates, motility, chemosensitivity, vascular permeability, response to leptin with an activation of the JAK2/STAT3/AKT signaling pathway. In vivo, they displayed distinct tumorigenic potential. In particular, DSG-BC2, presented higher tumorigenicity when implanted in mice fed with a hypercaloric diet. Discussion To our knowledge, these primary cultures are the first in vitro representation of both breast cancer and obesity. DSG - BC2 presented a more aggressive in vivo and in vitro phenotype. These results support the hypothesis that breast cancer generated in an obese metabolic state may represent a contrasting variant within the same disease. This new model will allow both further comprehension, functional studies and the analysis of altered molecular mechanisms under the comorbidity of obesity and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Shveid Gerson
- Cancer Center, American British Cowdray (ABC) Medical Center, Mexico City, Mexico,*Correspondence: Daniela Shveid Gerson,
| | | | - Cesar Octavio Lara Torres
- Pathology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - José Luis Ventura Gallegos
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Biomedical Research, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Ernesto Badillo‐Garcia
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Biomedical Research, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Antonio Maffuz‐Aziz
- Cancer Center, American British Cowdray (ABC) Medical Center, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Ariana Vargas‐Castillo
- Biochemistry Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico City, Mexico,Department of Nutrition Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nimbe Torres
- Department of Nutrition Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Armando R. Tovar
- Department of Nutrition Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mariela Contreras Jarquín
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Biomedical Research, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jesús Tenahuatzin Gómez Osnaya
- Department of Genomic Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Biomedical Research, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Zentella‐Dehesa
- Cancer Center, American British Cowdray (ABC) Medical Center, Mexico City, Mexico,Biochemistry Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Mexico City, Mexico
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12
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Surface Modification of Biodegradable Microparticles with the Novel Host-Derived Immunostimulant CPDI-02 Significantly Increases Short-Term and Long-Term Mucosal and Systemic Antibodies against Encapsulated Protein Antigen in Young Naïve Mice after Respiratory Immunization. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091843. [PMID: 36145590 PMCID: PMC9502690 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Generating long-lived mucosal and systemic antibodies through respiratory immunization with protective antigens encapsulated in nanoscale biodegradable particles could potentially decrease or eliminate the incidence of many infectious diseases, but requires the incorporation of a suitable mucosal immunostimulant. We previously found that respiratory immunization with a model protein antigen (LPS-free OVA) encapsulated in PLGA 50:50 nanoparticles (~380 nm diameter) surface-modified with complement peptide-derived immunostimulant 02 (CPDI-02; formerly EP67) through 2 kDa PEG linkers increases mucosal and systemic OVA-specific memory T-cells with long-lived surface phenotypes in young, naïve female C57BL/6 mice. Here, we determined if respiratory immunization with LPS-free OVA encapsulated in similar PLGA 50:50 microparticles (~1 μm diameter) surface-modified with CPDI-02 (CPDI-02-MP) increases long-term OVA-specific mucosal and systemic antibodies. We found that, compared to MP surface-modified with inactive, scrambled scCPDI-02 (scCPDI-02-MP), intranasal administration of CPDI-02-MP in 50 μL sterile PBS greatly increased titers of short-term (14 days post-immunization) and long-term (90 days post-immunization) antibodies against encapsulated LPS-free OVA in nasal lavage fluids, bronchoalveolar lavage fluids, and sera of young, naïve female C57BL/6 mice with minimal lung inflammation. Thus, surface modification of ~1 μm biodegradable microparticles with CPDI-02 is likely to increase long-term mucosal and systemic antibodies against encapsulated protein antigen after respiratory and possibly other routes of mucosal immunization.
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Interleukin-3-Receptor-α in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC): An Additional Novel Biomarker of TNBC Aggressiveness and a Therapeutic Target. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163918. [PMID: 36010912 PMCID: PMC9406043 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Molecular and histological profiling is crucial for biomarker and therapeutic target discovery, for example, in TNBC. We demonstrated that IL-3Rα expression led to the identification of a subgroup of TNBC patients displaying a poor overall survival. Moreover, we refined TNBC molecular annotation and drew a model including IL-3Rα, PD-L1, and genes related to EMT, which finely discriminates cancer aggressiveness. Finally, we first demonstrated that IL-3Rα is instrumental in granting tumour adaptation and progression by reprogramming TNBC cells to form large dysfunctional vessels and reshaping PD-L1 expression in primary tumours and metastases. Therefore, the IL-3/IL-3Rα axis may be proposed as a marker of TNBC aggressiveness, as a novel TNBC therapeutic challenge. Abstract Tumour molecular annotation is mandatory for biomarker discovery and personalised approaches, particularly in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacking effective treatment options. In this study, the interleukin-3 receptor α (IL-3Rα) was investigated as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in TNBC. IL-3Rα expression and patients’ clinical and pathological features were retrospectively analysed in 421 TNBC patients. IL-3Rα was expressed in 69% human TNBC samples, and its expression was associated with nodal metastases (p = 0.026) and poor overall survival (hazard ratio = 1.50; 95% CI = 1.01–2.2; p = 0.04). The bioinformatics analysis on the Breast Invasive Carcinoma dataset of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) proved that IL-3Rα was highly expressed in TNBC compared with luminal breast cancers (p = 0.017, padj = 0.026). Functional studies demonstrated that IL-3Rα activation induced epithelial-to-endothelial and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, promoted large blood lacunae and lung metastasis formation, and increased programmed-cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in primary tumours and metastases. Based on the TCGA data, IL-3Rα, PD-L1, and EMT coding genes were proposed to discriminate against TNBC aggressiveness (AUC = 0.86 95% CI = 0.82–0.89). Overall, this study identified IL-3Rα as an additional novel biomarker of TNBC aggressiveness and provided the rationale to further investigate its relevance as a therapeutic target.
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Lack of Oestrogen Receptor Expression in Breast Cancer Cells Does Not Correlate with Kisspeptin Signalling and Migration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158744. [PMID: 35955878 PMCID: PMC9368979 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Kisspeptin is an anti-metastatic mediator in many cancer types, acting through its receptor, KISS1R. However, controversy remains regarding its role in breast cancer since both pro- and anti-metastatic roles have been ascribed to it. In KISS1R overexpressing triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells, stimulation has been associated with increased invasion and MMP-9 expression, leading to the suggestion that hormone receptor status determines the metastatic effects of kisspeptin. To assess the veracity of this claim, we compared endogenous KISS1R signalling and physiological output in the hormone receptor-negative MDA-MB-231 and BT-20 cell lines after KP-10 (shortest active kisspeptin peptide) stimulation. MDA-MB-231 cells are metastatic when implanted in mice while BT-20 are not and remain epithelial-like. We show that both cell lines express KISS1R mRNA and respond to KP-10 by elevating calcium mobilisation. However, KP-10 stimulation induced migration of MDA-MB-231, but not BT-20 cells, in a calcium-dependent manner. Moreover, only BT-20 cells responded to KP-10 by increasing ERK phosphorylation in a β-arrestin-dependent manner. Interestingly, both cell lines displayed different complements of β-arrestin 1 and 2 expression. Overall, our data shows that, in TNBC, it is not universally true that kisspeptin/KISS1R stimulate migration or pro-metastatic behaviour, as divergent responses were observed in the two TNBC lines tested. Whether this divergence is related to the observed differences in β-arrestin complements warrants further investigation and may enable further stratification of the ability of kisspeptin to influence breast tumour behaviour.
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15
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A complex epigenome-splicing crosstalk governs epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in metastasis and brain development. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:1265-1277. [PMID: 35941369 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00971-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) renders epithelial cells migratory properties. While epigenetic and splicing changes have been implicated in EMT, the mechanisms governing their crosstalk remain poorly understood. Here we discovered that a C2H2 zinc finger protein, ZNF827, is strongly induced during various contexts of EMT, including in brain development and breast cancer metastasis, and is required for the molecular and phenotypic changes underlying EMT in these processes. Mechanistically, ZNF827 mediated these responses by orchestrating a large-scale remodelling of the splicing landscape by recruiting HDAC1 for epigenetic modulation of distinct genomic loci, thereby slowing RNA polymerase II progression and altering the splicing of genes encoding key EMT regulators in cis. Our findings reveal an unprecedented complexity of crosstalk between epigenetic landscape and splicing programme in governing EMT and identify ZNF827 as a master regulator coupling these processes during EMT in brain development and breast cancer metastasis.
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16
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Cuellar-Vite L, Weber-Bonk KL, Abdul-Karim FW, Booth CN, Keri RA. Focal Adhesion Kinase Provides a Collateral Vulnerability That Can Be Leveraged to Improve mTORC1 Inhibitor Efficacy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3374. [PMID: 35884439 PMCID: PMC9323520 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 pathway is a major therapeutic target for many cancers, particularly breast cancer. Everolimus is an mTORC1 inhibitor used in metastatic estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) and epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer. However, mTORC1 inhibitors have limited efficacy in other breast cancer subtypes. We sought to discover collateral sensitivities to mTORC1 inhibition that could be exploited to improve therapeutic response. Using a mouse model of breast cancer that is intrinsically resistant to mTORC1 inhibition, we found that rapamycin alters the expression of numerous extracellular matrix genes, suggesting a potential role for integrins/FAK in controlling mTORC1-inhibitor efficacy. FAK activation was also inversely correlated with rapamycin response in breast cancer cell lines. Supporting its potential utility in patients, FAK activation was observed in >50% of human breast cancers. While blocking FAK in mouse models of breast cancer that are highly responsive to rapamycin had no impact on tumor growth, FAK inhibition sensitized rapamycin-resistant tumors to mTORC1 inhibition. These data reveal an innate dependency on FAK when mTORC1 signaling is lost in tumors that are resistant to mTORC1 inhibitors. They also suggest a precision medicine approach to improving mTORC1 inhibitor efficacy in resistant cancers by suppressing FAK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Cuellar-Vite
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
| | - Kristen L. Weber-Bonk
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
| | - Fadi W. Abdul-Karim
- Anatomic Pathology, Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (F.W.A.-K.); (C.N.B.)
| | - Christine N. Booth
- Anatomic Pathology, Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (F.W.A.-K.); (C.N.B.)
| | - Ruth A. Keri
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
- Department of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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Espinoza I, Kurapaty C, Park CH, Vander Steen T, Kleer CG, Wiley E, Rademaker A, Cuyàs E, Verdura S, Buxó M, Reynolds C, Menendez JA, Lupu R. Depletion of CCN1/CYR61 reduces triple-negative/basal-like breast cancer aggressiveness. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:839-851. [PMID: 35261806 PMCID: PMC8899977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative/basal-like breast cancer (BC) is characterized by aggressive biological features, which allow relapse and metastatic spread to occur more frequently than in hormone receptor-positive (luminal) subtypes. The molecular complexity of triple-negative/basal-like BC poses major challenges for the implementation of targeted therapies, and chemotherapy remains the standard approach at all stages. The matricellular protein cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (CCN1/CYR61) is associated with aggressive metastatic phenotypes and poor prognosis in BC, but it is unclear whether anti-CCN1 approaches can be successfully applied in triple-negative/basal-like BC. Herein, we first characterized the prevalence of CNN1 expression in matched samples of primary tumors and metastatic relapse in a series of patients with BC. We then investigated the biological effect of CCN1 depletion on tumorigenic traits in vitro and in vivo using archetypal TNBC cell lines. Immunohistochemical analyses of tissue microarrays revealed a significant increase of the highest CCN1 score in recurrent tissues of triple-negative/basal-like BC tumors. Stable silencing of CCN1 in triple-negative/basal-like BC cells promoted a marked reduction in the expression of the CCN1 integrin receptor αvβ3, inhibited anchorage-dependent cell growth, reduced clonogenicity, and impaired migration capacity. In an orthotopic model of triple-negative/basal-like BC, silencing of CCN1 notably reduced tumor burden, which was accompanied by decreased microvessel density and concurrent induction of the luminal epithelial marker E-cadherin. Thus, CNN1/CYR61-targeting strategies might have therapeutic value in suppressing the biological aggressiveness of triple-negative/basal-like BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Espinoza
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo ClinicRochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine, John D. Bower School of Population Health, University of Mississippi Medical CenterJackson, MS 39216, USA
- Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical CenterJackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Chandra Kurapaty
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo ClinicRochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Cheol-Hong Park
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo ClinicRochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Travis Vander Steen
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo ClinicRochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Celina G Kleer
- Department of Pathology, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Elizabeth Wiley
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Alfred Rademaker
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Elisabet Cuyàs
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute17190 Salt, Girona, Spain
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism & Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology17007 Girona, Spain
| | - Sara Verdura
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute17190 Salt, Girona, Spain
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism & Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology17007 Girona, Spain
| | - Maria Buxó
- Statistical and Methodological Advice Unit, Girona Biomedical Research Institute17190 Salt, Girona, Spain
| | - Carol Reynolds
- Department of Pathology, Division of Anatomic Pathology, Mayo ClinicRochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Javier A Menendez
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute17190 Salt, Girona, Spain
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism & Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology17007 Girona, Spain
| | - Ruth Lupu
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo ClinicRochester, MN 55905, USA
- Mayo Clinic Cancer CenterRochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic MinnesotaRochester, MN 55905, USA
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18
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Cao W, Shen R, Richard S, Liu Y, Jalalirad M, Cleary MP, D'Assoro AB, Gradilone SA, Yang DQ. Inhibition of triple‑negative breast cancer proliferation and motility by reactivating p53 and inhibiting overactivated Akt. Oncol Rep 2022; 47:41. [PMID: 34958116 PMCID: PMC8759100 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations of p53 tumor suppressors occur more frequently in cancers at advanced stages or in more malignant cancer subtypes such as triple‑negative breast cancer. Thus, restoration of p53 tumor suppressor function constitutes a valuable cancer therapeutic strategy. In the present study, it was revealed that a specific inhibitor of histone deacetylase 6, ACY‑1215, caused increased acetylation of p53 in breast cancer cells with mutated p53, which was accompanied by increased expression of p21. These results suggested that ACY‑1215 may lead to enhanced transcriptional activity of p53. It was also determined that ACY‑1215 treatment resulted in G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in these cancer cells. Furthermore, ACY‑1215 displayed a synergistic effect with specific inhibitors of ATM, an activator of Akt, in inducing cancer cell apoptosis and inhibiting their motility. More importantly, it was observed that combination of ACY‑1215 and ATM inhibitors exhibited markedly more potent antitumor activity than the individual compound in xenograft mouse models of breast cancer with mutant p53. Collectively, our results demonstrated that ACY‑1215 is a novel chemotherapeutic agent that could restore mutant p53 function in cancer cells with strong antitumor activity, either alone or in combination with inhibitors of the ATM protein kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cao
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA,Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Renhui Shen
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Seth Richard
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Yu Liu
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | | | - Margot P. Cleary
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA,The Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | - Sergio A. Gradilone
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA,The Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA,Correspondence to: Dr Da-Qing Yang or Dr Sergio A. Gradilone, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA, E-mail: ; , E-mail:
| | - Da-Qing Yang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA,The Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA,Correspondence to: Dr Da-Qing Yang or Dr Sergio A. Gradilone, The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA, E-mail: ; , E-mail:
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19
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Block CJ, Mitchell AV, Wu L, Glassbrook J, Craig D, Chen W, Dyson G, DeGracia D, Polin L, Ratnam M, Gibson H, Wu G. RNA binding protein RBMS3 is a common EMT effector that modulates triple-negative breast cancer progression via stabilizing PRRX1 mRNA. Oncogene 2021; 40:6430-6442. [PMID: 34608266 PMCID: PMC9421946 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02030-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been recognized as a driving force for tumor progression in breast cancer. Recently, our group identified the RNA Binding Motif Single Stranded Interacting Protein 3 (RBMS3) to be significantly associated with an EMT transcriptional program in breast cancer. Additional expression profiling demonstrated that RBMS3 was consistently upregulated by multiple EMT transcription factors and correlated with mesenchymal gene expression in breast cancer cell lines. Functionally, RBMS3 was sufficient to induce EMT in two immortalized mammary epithelial cell lines. In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) models, RBMS3 was necessary for maintaining the mesenchymal phenotype and invasion and migration in vitro. Loss of RBMS3 significantly impaired both tumor progression and spontaneous metastasis in vivo. Using a genome-wide approach to interrogate mRNA stability, we found that ectopic expression of RBMS3 upregulates many genes that are resistant to degradation following transcriptional blockade by actinomycin D (ACTD). Specifically, RBMS3 was shown to interact with the mRNA of EMT transcription factor PRRX1 and promote PRRX1 mRNA stability. PRRX1 is required for RBMS3-mediated EMT and is partially sufficient to rescue the effect of RBMS3 knockdown in TNBC cell lines. Together, this study identifies RBMS3 as a novel and common effector of EMT, which could be a promising therapeutic target for TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. James Block
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Allison V. Mitchell
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Ling Wu
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, McNair Medical Institute Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James Glassbrook
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Douglas Craig
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Gregory Dyson
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Donald DeGracia
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University school of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Lisa Polin
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Manohar Ratnam
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Heather Gibson
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Guojun Wu
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
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20
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Unraveling the hidden role of a uORF-encoded peptide as a kinase inhibitor of PKCs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2018899118. [PMID: 34593629 PMCID: PMC8501901 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2018899118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 40% of human messenger RNAs (mRNAs) contain upstream open reading frames (uORFs) in their 5' untranslated regions. Some of these uORF sequences, thought to attenuate scanning ribosomes or lead to mRNA degradation, were recently shown to be translated, although the function of the encoded peptides remains unknown. Here, we show a uORF-encoded peptide that exhibits kinase inhibitory functions. This uORF, upstream of the protein kinase C-eta (PKC-η) main ORF, encodes a peptide (uPEP2) containing the typical PKC pseudosubstrate motif present in all PKCs that autoinhibits their kinase activity. We show that uPEP2 directly binds to and selectively inhibits the catalytic activity of novel PKCs but not of classical or atypical PKCs. The endogenous deletion of uORF2 or its overexpression in MCF-7 cells revealed that the endogenously translated uPEP2 reduces the protein levels of PKC-η and other novel PKCs and restricts cell proliferation. Functionally, treatment of breast cancer cells with uPEP2 diminished cell survival and their migration and synergized with chemotherapy by interfering with the response to DNA damage. Furthermore, in a xenograft of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer tumor in mice models, uPEP2 suppressed tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. Tumor histology showed reduced proliferation, enhanced cell death, and lower protein expression levels of novel PKCs along with diminished phosphorylation of PKC substrates. Hence, our study demonstrates that uORFs may encode biologically active peptides beyond their role as translation regulators of their downstream ORFs. Together, we point to a unique function of a uORF-encoded peptide as a kinase inhibitor, pertinent to cancer therapy.
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21
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Cho H, Shin I, Yoon H, Jeon E, Lee J, Kim Y, Ryu S, Song C, Kwon NH, Moon Y, Kim S, Kim ND, Choi HG, Sim T. Identification of Thieno[3,2- d]pyrimidine Derivatives as Dual Inhibitors of Focal Adhesion Kinase and FMS-like Tyrosine Kinase 3. J Med Chem 2021; 64:11934-11957. [PMID: 34324343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is overexpressed in highly invasive and metastatic cancers. To identify novel FAK inhibitors, we designed and synthesized various thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives. An intensive structure-activity relationship (SAR) study led to the identification of 26 as a lead. Moreover, 26, a multitargeted kinase inhibitor, possesses excellent potencies against FLT3 mutants as well as FAK. Gratifyingly, 26 remarkably inhibits recalcitrant FLT3 mutants, including F691L, that cause drug resistance. Importantly, 26 is superior to PF-562271 in terms of apoptosis induction, anchorage-independent growth inhibition, and tumor burden reduction in the MDA-MB-231 xenograft mouse model. Also, 26 causes regression of tumor growth in the MV4-11 xenograft mouse model, indicating that it could be effective against acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Finally, in an orthotopic mouse model using MDA-MB-231, 26 remarkably prevents metastasis of orthotopic tumors to lymph nodes. Taken together, the results indicate that 26 possesses potential therapeutic value against highly invasive cancers and relapsed AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Cho
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Injae Shin
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojong Yoon
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangro14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhye Jeon
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Lee
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghoon Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - SeongShick Ryu
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Chiman Song
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangro14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Hoon Kwon
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Research, College of Pharmacy & College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngji Moon
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Research, College of Pharmacy & College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Doo Kim
- Voronoibio Inc., 32 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21984, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan Geun Choi
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangro14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- B2Sbio Inc., 32 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21984, Republic of Korea
| | - Taebo Sim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangro14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
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22
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Liu S, Nyström NN, Kelly JJ, Hamilton AM, Fu Y, Ronald JA. Molecular Imaging Reveals a High Degree of Cross-Seeding of Spontaneous Metastases in a Novel Mouse Model of Synchronous Bilateral Breast Cancer. Mol Imaging Biol 2021; 24:104-114. [PMID: 34312806 PMCID: PMC8760205 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-021-01630-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Synchronous bilateral breast cancer (SBBC) patients present with cancer in both breasts at the time of diagnosis or within a short time interval. They show higher rates of metastasis and lower overall survival compared to women with unilateral breast cancer. Here we established the first preclinical SBBC model and used molecular imaging to visualize the patterns of metastasis from each primary tumor. Procedures We engineered human breast cancer cells to express either Akaluc or Antares2 for bioluminescence imaging (BLI) and tdTomato or zsGreen for ex vivo fluorescence microscopy. Both cell populations were implanted into contralateral mammary fat pads of mice (n=10), and dual-BLI was performed weekly for up to day 29 (n=3), 38 (n=4), or 42 (n=3). Primary tumors and lungs were fixed, and ex vivo fluorescence microscopy was used to analyze the cellular makeup of micrometastases. Results Signal from both Antares2 and Akaluc was first detected in the lungs on day 28 and was present in 9 of 10 mice at endpoint. Ex vivo fluorescence microscopy of the lungs revealed that for mice sacrificed on day 38, a significant percentage of micrometastases were composed of cancer cells from both primary tumors (mean 37%; range 27 to 45%), while two mice sacrificed on day 42 showed percentages of 51% and 70%. Conclusions A high degree of metastatic cross-seeding of cancer cells derived from bilateral tumors may contribute to faster metastatic growth and intratumoral heterogeneity. We posit that our work will help understand treatment resistance and optimal planning of SBBC treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11307-021-01630-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Liu
- Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Nivin N Nyström
- Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - John J Kelly
- Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Amanda M Hamilton
- Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Yanghao Fu
- Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - John A Ronald
- Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
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23
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The HIF target MAFF promotes tumor invasion and metastasis through IL11 and STAT3 signaling. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4308. [PMID: 34262028 PMCID: PMC8280233 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24631-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia plays a critical role in tumor progression including invasion and metastasis. To determine critical genes regulated by hypoxia that promote invasion and metastasis, we screen fifty hypoxia inducible genes for their effects on invasion. In this study, we identify v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog F (MAFF) as a potent regulator of tumor invasion without affecting cell viability. MAFF expression is elevated in metastatic breast cancer patients and is specifically correlated with hypoxic tumors. Combined ChIP- and RNA-sequencing identifies IL11 as a direct transcriptional target of the heterodimer between MAFF and BACH1, which leads to activation of STAT3 signaling. Inhibition of IL11 results in similar levels of metastatic suppression as inhibition of MAFF. This study demonstrates the oncogenic role of MAFF as an activator of the IL11/STAT3 pathways in breast cancer. Hypoxia plays a critical role in tumor progression including invasion and metastasis. Here, the authors screened several hypoxia inducible genes and identified the oncogenic role of MAFF in breast cancer metastasis and that it activates IL11/STAT3 pathway.
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24
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Sharma U, Medina-Saenz K, Miller PC, Troness B, Spartz A, Sandoval-Leon A, Parke DN, Seagroves TN, Lippman ME, El-Ashry D. Heterotypic clustering of circulating tumor cells and circulating cancer-associated fibroblasts facilitates breast cancer metastasis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 189:63-80. [PMID: 34216317 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06299-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are recruited to the tumor microenvironment (TME) and are critical drivers of breast cancer (BC) malignancy. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) travel through hematogenous routes to establish metastases. CTCs circulate both individually and, more rarely, in clusters with other cell types. Clusters of CTCs have higher metastatic potential than single CTCs. Previously, we identified circulating CAFs (cCAFs) in patients with BC and found that while healthy donors had no CTCs or cCAFs, both were present in most Stage IV patients. cCAFs circulate individually, as cCAF-cCAF homotypic clusters, and in heterotypic clusters with CTCs. METHODS In this study, we evaluate CTCs, cCAFs, and heterotypic cCAF-CTC clusters in patients with stage I-IV BC. We evaluate the association of heterotypic clusters with BC disease progression and metastasis in a spontaneous mouse model. Using previously established primary BC and CAF cell lines, we examine the metastatic propensity of heterotypic cCAF-CTC clusters in orthotopic and tail vein xenograft mouse models of BC. Using an in vitro clustering assay, we determine factors that may be involved in clustering between CAF and BC cells. RESULTS We report that the dissemination of CTCs, cCAFs, and clusters is an early event in BC progression, and we find these clusters in all clinical stages of BC. Furthermore, cCAFs-CTC heterotypic clusters have a higher metastatic potential than homotypic CTC clusters in vivo. We also demonstrate that the adhesion and stemness marker CD44, found on a subset of CTCs and CAF cells, is involved in heterotypic clustering of these cells. CONCLUSION We identify a novel subset of circulating tumor cell clusters that are enriched with stromal CAF cells in BC patient blood and preclinical mouse models of BC metastasis. Our data suggest that clustering of CTCs with cCAFs augments their metastatic potential and that CD44 might be an important mediator of heterotypic clustering of cCAFs and BC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utsav Sharma
- Sheila and David Fuente Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Department of Oncology, Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kelsie Medina-Saenz
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Philip C Miller
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Benjamin Troness
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th St. SE Minneapolis, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Angela Spartz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th St. SE Minneapolis, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Ana Sandoval-Leon
- Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Deanna N Parke
- Department of Pathology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Tiffany N Seagroves
- Department of Pathology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Marc E Lippman
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Dorraya El-Ashry
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th St. SE Minneapolis, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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25
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Jadon RS, Sharma G, Garg NK, Tandel N, Gajbhiye KR, Salve R, Gajbhiye V, Sharma U, Katare OP, Sharma M, Tyagi RK. Efficient in vitro and in vivo docetaxel delivery mediated by pH-sensitive LPHNPs for effective breast cancer therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 203:111760. [PMID: 33872827 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to develop pH-sensitive lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles (pHS-LPHNPs) for specific cytosolic-delivery of docetaxel (DTX). The pHS-LPHNPs-DTX formulation was prepared by self-assembled nano-precipitation technique and characterized for zeta potential, particle size, entrapment efficiency, polydispersity index (PDI), and in vitro drug release. In vitro cytotoxicity of pHS-LPHNPs-DTX was assessed on breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) and compared with DTX-loaded conventional LPHNPs and bare DTX. In vitro cellular uptake in MDA-MB-231 cell lines showed better uptake of pHS-LPHNPs. Further, a significant reduction in the IC50 of pHS-LPHNPs-DTX against both breast cancer cells was observed. Flow cytometry results showed greater apoptosis in case of pHS-LPHNPs-DTX treated MDA-MB-231 cells. Breast cancer was experimentally induced in BALB/c female mice, and the in vivo efficacy of the developed pHS-LPHNPs formulation was assessed with respect to the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution in the vital organs (liver, kidney, heart, lungs, and spleen), percentage tumor burden, and survival of breast cancer-bearing animals. In vivo studies showed improved pharmacokinetic and target-specificity with minimum DTX circulation in the deep-seated organs in the case of pHS-LPHNPs-DTX compared to the LPHNPs-DTX and free DTX. Mice treated with pHS-LPHNPs-DTX exhibited a significantly lesser tumor burden than other treatment groups. Also, reduced distribution of DTX in the serum was evident for pHS-LPHNPs-DTX treated mice compared to the LPHNPs-DTX and free DTX. In essence, pHS-LPHNPs mediated delivery of DTX presents a viable platform for developing therapeutic-interventions against breast-cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Singh Jadon
- School of Studies in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, MP, 474002, India; Divine International Group of Institutions, Gwalior, MP, India
| | - Gajanand Sharma
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre for Advanced Studies, Panjab University, CH, 160014, India
| | - Neeraj K Garg
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre for Advanced Studies, Panjab University, CH, 160014, India
| | - Nikunj Tandel
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, GJ, 382481, India
| | - Kavita R Gajbhiye
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth, Pune, MH, 411038, India
| | - Rajesh Salve
- Nanobioscience, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, MH, 411004, India
| | - Virendra Gajbhiye
- Nanobioscience, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, MH, 411004, India
| | - Ujjawal Sharma
- Department of Community Medicine & School of Public Health, PGIMER Chandigarh, India
| | - Om Prakash Katare
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre for Advanced Studies, Panjab University, CH, 160014, India
| | - Manoj Sharma
- School of Studies in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, MP, 474002, India.
| | - Rajeev K Tyagi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre (VUMC), 2215 Garland Avenue, 1075 Lab Suite MRB IV, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA; Biomedical Parasitology and Nano-immunology Lab, CSIR Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), CH, India.
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26
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Fabian KP, Padget MR, Donahue RN, Solocinski K, Robbins Y, Allen CT, Lee JH, Rabizadeh S, Soon-Shiong P, Schlom J, Hodge JW. PD-L1 targeting high-affinity NK (t-haNK) cells induce direct antitumor effects and target suppressive MDSC populations. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2019-000450. [PMID: 32439799 PMCID: PMC7247398 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2019-000450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized cancer treatment, clinical benefit with this class of agents has been limited to a subset of patients. Hence, more effective means to target tumor cells that express immune checkpoint molecules should be developed. For the first time, we report a novel natural killer (NK) cell line, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) targeting high-affinity natural killer (t-haNK), which was derived from NK-92 and was engineered to express high-affinity CD16, endoplasmic reticulum-retained interleukin (IL)-2, and a PD-L1-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR). We show that PD-L1 t-haNK cells also retained the expression of native NK receptors and carried a high content of granzyme and perforin granules. Methods NanoString, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence analyses were performed to characterize the phenotype of irradiated PD-L1 t-haNK cells. In vitro PD-L1 t-haNK cell activity against cancer cell lines and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was determined via flow-based and 111In-release killing assays. The antitumor effect of PD-L1 t-haNK cells in vivo was investigated using MDA-MB-231, H460, and HTB1 xenograft models in NOD-scid IL2Rgammanull (NSG) mice. Additionally, the antitumor effect of PD-L1 t-haNK cells, in combination with anti-PD-1 and N-803, an IL-15 superagonist, was evaluated using mouse oral cancer 1 syngeneic model in C57BL/6 mice. Results We show that PD-L1 t-haNK cells expressed PD-L1-targeting CAR and CD16, retained the expression of native NK receptors, and carried a high content of granzyme and perforin granules. In vitro, we demonstrate the ability of irradiated PD-L1 t-haNK cells to lyse 20 of the 20 human cancer cell lines tested, including triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and lung, urogenital, and gastric cancer cells. The cytotoxicity of PD-L1 t-haNK cells was correlated to the PD-L1 expression of the tumor targets and can be improved by pretreating the targets with interferon (IFN)-γ. In vivo, irradiated PD-L1 t-haNK cells inhibited the growth of engrafted TNBC and lung and bladder tumors in NSG mice. The combination of PD-L1 t-haNK cells with N-803 and anti-PD-1 antibody resulted in superior tumor growth control of engrafted oral cavity squamous carcinoma tumors in C57BL/6 mice. In addition, when cocultured with human PBMCs, PD-L1 t-haNK cells preferentially lysed the myeloid-derived suppressor cell population but not other immune cell types. Conclusion These studies demonstrate the antitumor efficacy of PD-L1 t-haNK cells and provide a rationale for the potential use of these cells in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellsye P Fabian
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Michelle R Padget
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Renee N Donahue
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kristen Solocinski
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yvette Robbins
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Clint T Allen
- Section on Translational Tumor Immunology, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - John H Lee
- ImmunityBio, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Shahrooz Rabizadeh
- NantOmics, Culver City, California, USA.,ImmunityBio, Culver City, California, USA
| | - Patrick Soon-Shiong
- NantOmics, Culver City, California, USA.,ImmunityBio, Culver City, California, USA
| | - Jeffrey Schlom
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - James W Hodge
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Sibuh BZ, Khanna S, Taneja P, Sarkar P, Taneja NK. Molecular docking, synthesis and anticancer activity of thiosemicarbazone derivatives against MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. Life Sci 2021; 273:119305. [PMID: 33675898 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to synthesize and evaluate anticancer activity of 2-hydroxy benzaldehyde and 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (2-HBTSc and 4-HBTSc) against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ligands were prepared and characterized by UV vis, IR and NMR. MTT assay was used to assess viability of cells. RNA isolation, extraction and cDNA synthesis were done. Then all groups were subjected to RT-qPCR using Gene expression specific primers. Also, western blot protein expression and molecular docking were done. Two-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test was employed to test the significance using GraphPad Prism. RESULTS The IC50 values were 3.36μg/ml and 3.60μg/ml for 2-HBTSc and 4-HBTSc treated MCF-7 tumor cells respectively. Tumor cell growth inhibition ranged from 38 to 49.27% in 4-HBTSc treated cells, and 19 to 25% in 2-HBTSc treated cells with increase in doses 5 μg/ml to 20 μg/ml. The protein and gene expression result showed a significant upregulation in tumor suppressor and apoptosis inducing genes while, oncogene activity was significantly downregulated. Specifically, BRCA2 and pRB gene showed the highest expression in 4-HBTSc and 2-HBTSc treated cells respectively. Conversely, RAS oncogene was downregulated significantly. Docking result showed that both 2-HBTSc and 4-HBTSc have the potential to inhibit Estrogen Receptor Alpha Ligand Binding Domain, Human 17-Beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 mutant protein and Human Topoisomerase II alpha that are expressed more during Breast Cancer. CONCLUSION The findings of this study imply that the test compound has potential for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belay Zeleke Sibuh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, U. P., India
| | - Sonia Khanna
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, U. P., India
| | - Pankaj Taneja
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, U. P., India.
| | - Paratpar Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, U. P., India
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Kuo WC, Lee CC, Chang YW, Pang W, Chen HS, Hou SC, Lo SY, Yang AS, Wang AHJ. Structure-based Development of Human Interleukin-1β-Specific Antibody That Simultaneously Inhibits Binding to Both IL-1RI and IL-1RAcP. J Mol Biol 2020; 433:166766. [PMID: 33359099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.166766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a potent pleiotropic cytokine playing a central role in protecting cells from microbial pathogen infection or endogenous stress. After it binds to IL-1RI and recruits IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAcP), signaling culminates in activation of NF-κB. Many pathophysiological diseases have been attributed to the derailment of IL-1β regulation. Several blocking reagents have been developed based on two mechanisms: blocking the binding of IL-1β to IL-1RI or inhibiting the recruitment of IL-1RAcP to the IL-1β initial complex. In order to simultaneously fulfill these two actions, a human anti-IL-1β neutralizing antibody IgG26 was screened from human genetic phage-display library and furthered structure-optimized to final version, IgG26AW. IgG26AW has a sub-nanomolar binding affinity for human IL-1β. We validated IgG26AW-neutralizing antibodies specific for IL-1β in vivo to prevent human IL-1β-driving IL-6 elevation in C56BL/6 mice. Mice underwent treatments with IgG26AW in A549 and MDA-MB-231 xenograft mouse cancer models have also been observed with tumor shrank and inhibition of tumor metastasis. The region where IgG26 binds to IL-1β also overlaps with the position where IL-1RI and IL-1RAcP bind, as revealed by the 26-Fab/IL-1β complex structure. Meanwhile, SPR experiments showed that IL-1β bound by IgG26AW prevented the further binding of IL-1RI and IL-1RAcP, which confirmed our inference from the result of protein structure. Therefore, the inhibitory mechanism of IgG26AW is to block the assembly of the IL-1β/IL-1RI/IL-1RAcP ternary complex which further inhibits downstream signaling. Based on its high affinity, high neutralizing potency, and novel binding epitope simultaneously occupying both IL-1RI and IL-1RAcP residues that bind to IL-1β, IgG26AW may be a new candidate for treatments of inflammation-related diseases or for complementary treatments of cancers in which the role of IL-1β is critical to pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chih Kuo
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chung Lee
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Chang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei Pang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Sen Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Chen Hou
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Yi Lo
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - An-Suei Yang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Andrew H-J Wang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Groeneveldt C, Kinderman P, van den Wollenberg DJM, van den Oever RL, Middelburg J, Mustafa DAM, Hoeben RC, van der Burg SH, van Hall T, van Montfoort N. Preconditioning of the tumor microenvironment with oncolytic reovirus converts CD3-bispecific antibody treatment into effective immunotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 2020; 8:jitc-2020-001191. [PMID: 33082167 PMCID: PMC7577070 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background T-cell-engaging CD3-bispecific antibodies (CD3-bsAbs) are promising modalities for cancer immunotherapy. Although this therapy has reached clinical practice for hematological malignancies, the absence of sufficient infiltrating T cells is a major barrier for efficacy in solid tumors. In this study, we exploited oncolytic reovirus as a strategy to enhance the efficacy of CD3-bsAbs in immune-silent solid tumors. Methods The mutant p53 and K-ras induced murine pancreatic cancer model KPC3 resembles human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas with a desmoplastic tumor microenvironment, low T-cell density and resistance to immunotherapy. Immune-competent KPC3 tumor-bearing mice were intratumorally injected with reovirus type 3 Dearing strain and the reovirus-induced changes in the tumor microenvironment and spleen were analyzed over time by NanoString analysis, quantitative RT-PCR and multicolor flow cytometry. The efficacy of reovirus in combination with systemically injected CD3-bsAbs was evaluated in immune-competent mice with established KPC3 or B16.F10 tumors, and in the close-to-patient human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)+ breast cancer model BT474 engrafted in immunocompromised mice with human T cells as effector cells. Results Replication-competent reovirus induced an early interferon signature, followed by a strong influx of natural killer cells and CD8+ T cells, at the cost of FoxP3+ Tregs. Viral replication declined after 7 days and was associated with a systemic activation of lymphocytes and the emergence of intratumoral reovirus-specific CD8+ T cells. Although tumor-infiltrating T cells were mostly reovirus-specific and not tumor-specific, they served as non-exhausted effector cells for the subsequently systemically administered CD3-bsAbs. Combination treatment of reovirus and CD3-bsAbs led to the regression of large, established KPC3, B16.F10 and BT474 tumors. Reovirus as a preconditioning regimen performed significantly better than simultaneous or early administration of CD3-bsAbs. This combination treatment induced regressions of distant lesions that were not injected with reovirus, and systemic administration of both reovirus and CD3-bsAbs also led to tumor control. This suggests that this therapy might also be effective for metastatic disease. Conclusions Oncolytic reovirus administration represents an effective strategy to induce a local interferon response and strong T-cell influx, thereby sensitizing the tumor microenvironment for subsequent CD3-bsAb therapy. This combination therapy warrants further investigation in patients with non-inflamed solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christianne Groeneveldt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Priscilla Kinderman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ruben L van den Oever
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jim Middelburg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dana A M Mustafa
- Department of Pathology, Tumor Immuno-Pathology Laboratory, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob C Hoeben
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd H van der Burg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Thorbald van Hall
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nadine van Montfoort
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Shramova E, Proshkina G, Shipunova V, Ryabova A, Kamyshinsky R, Konevega A, Schulga A, Konovalova E, Telegin G, Deyev S. Dual Targeting of Cancer Cells with DARPin-Based Toxins for Overcoming Tumor Escape. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12103014. [PMID: 33081407 PMCID: PMC7602955 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12103014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Targeted therapy of solid tumors represents a great challenge because of heterogeneity of tumor-associated antigen expression. To overcome this obstacle we propose a dual targeting therapy based on protein preparations capable of recognizing different of tumor-associated antigens on a tumor cell producing a directed cytotoxic effect. The dual specific therapy of breast carcinoma-bearing mice using the designed preparations eliminates both the primary tumor and distant metastases. The mono-targeting therapy aimed at single tumor-associated antigen did not suppress metastases at all. The proposed approach can serve as a potential therapeutic strategy that surpasses mono-specific targeting strategies in the anti-cancer efficacy. Abstract We report here a combined anti-cancer therapy directed toward HER2 and EpCAM, common tumor-associated antigens of breast cancer cells. The combined therapeutic effect is achieved owing to two highly toxic proteins—a low immunogenic variant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A and ribonuclease Barnase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. The delivery of toxins to cancer cells was carried out by targeting designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins). We have shown that both target agents efficiently accumulate in the tumor. Simultaneous treatment of breast carcinoma-bearing mice with anti-EpCAM fusion toxin based on LoPE and HER2-specific liposomes loaded with Barnase leads to concurrent elimination of primary tumor and metastases. Monotherapy with anti-HER2- or anti-EpCAM-toxins did not produce a comparable effect on metastases. The proposed approach can be considered as a promising strategy for significant improvement of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Shramova
- Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho–Maklaya Street 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (G.T.); (S.D.)
- Correspondence: (E.S.); (G.P.); Tel.: +7-9169503549 (E.S.); +7-9167997089 (G.P.)
| | - Galina Proshkina
- Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho–Maklaya Street 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (G.T.); (S.D.)
- Correspondence: (E.S.); (G.P.); Tel.: +7-9169503549 (E.S.); +7-9167997089 (G.P.)
| | - Victoria Shipunova
- Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho–Maklaya Street 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (G.T.); (S.D.)
| | - Anastasia Ryabova
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Street 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Roman Kamyshinsky
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (R.K.); (A.K.)
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Scientific Research Centre ‘Crystallography and Photonics’ of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect, 59, 119333 Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutsky Lane 9, Dolgoprudny, 141701 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Konevega
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Akademika Kurchatova pl. 1, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (R.K.); (A.K.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Orlova Roscha 1, 188300 Gatchina, Russia
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Politehnicheskaya 29, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Aleksey Schulga
- Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho–Maklaya Street 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (G.T.); (S.D.)
| | - Elena Konovalova
- Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho–Maklaya Street 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (G.T.); (S.D.)
| | - Georgij Telegin
- Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho–Maklaya Street 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (G.T.); (S.D.)
| | - Sergey Deyev
- Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho–Maklaya Street 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.); (A.S.); (E.K.); (G.T.); (S.D.)
- The Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
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Volpe A, Lang C, Lim L, Man F, Kurtys E, Ashmore-Harris C, Johnson P, Skourti E, de Rosales RTM, Fruhwirth GO. Spatiotemporal PET Imaging Reveals Differences in CAR-T Tumor Retention in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Models. Mol Ther 2020; 28:2271-2285. [PMID: 32645298 PMCID: PMC7544977 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy (CAR-T) has been rolled out as a new treatment for hematological malignancies. For solid tumor treatment, CAR-T has been disappointing so far. Challenges include the quantification of CAR-T trafficking, expansion and retention in tumors, activity at target sites, toxicities, and long-term CAR-T survival. Non-invasive serial in vivo imaging of CAR-T using reporter genes can address several of these challenges. For clinical use, a non-immunogenic reporter that is detectable with exquisite sensitivity by positron emission tomography (PET) using a clinically available non-toxic radiotracer would be beneficial. Here, we employed the human sodium iodide symporter to non-invasively quantify tumor retention of pan-ErbB family targeted CAR-T by PET. We generated and characterized traceable CAR T cells and examined potential negative effects of radionuclide reporter use. We applied our platform to two different triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) models and unexpectedly observed pronounced differences in CAR-T tumor retention by PET/CT (computed tomography) and confirmed data ex vivo. CAR-T tumor retention inversely correlated with immune checkpoint expression in the TNBC models. Our platform enables highly sensitive non-invasive PET tracking of CAR-T thereby addressing a fundamental unmet need in CAR-T development and offering to provide missing information needed for future clinical CAR-T imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Volpe
- Imaging Therapies and Cancer Group, Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Cameron Lang
- Imaging Therapies and Cancer Group, Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lindsay Lim
- Imaging Therapies and Cancer Group, Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Francis Man
- Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ewelina Kurtys
- Imaging Therapies and Cancer Group, Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Candice Ashmore-Harris
- Imaging Therapies and Cancer Group, Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Preeth Johnson
- Imaging Therapies and Cancer Group, Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Elena Skourti
- Imaging Therapies and Cancer Group, Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Rafael T M de Rosales
- Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gilbert O Fruhwirth
- Imaging Therapies and Cancer Group, Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
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Blocking c-MET/ERBB1 Axis Prevents Brain Metastasis in ERBB2+ Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102838. [PMID: 33019652 PMCID: PMC7601177 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Targeted monotherapies are ineffective in the treatment of brain metastasis of ERBB2+ breast cancer (BC) underscoring the need for combination therapies. The lack of robust preclinical models has further hampered the assessment of treatment modalities. We report here a clinically relevant orthotopic mouse model of ERBB2+ BC that spontaneously metastasizes to brain and demonstrates that targeting the c-MET/ERBB1 axis with a combination of cabozantinib and neratinib decreases primary tumor growth and prevents brain metastasis in ERBB2+ BC. Abstract Brain metastasis (BrM) remains a significant cause of cancer-related mortality in epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (ERBB2+) breast cancer (BC) patients. We proposed here that a combination treatment of irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor neratinib (NER) and the c-MET inhibitor cabozantinib (CBZ) could prevent brain metastasis. To address this, we first tested the combination treatment of NER and CBZ in the brain-seeking ERBB2+ cell lines SKBrM3 and JIMT-1-BR3, and in ERBB2+ organoids that expressed the c-MET/ERBB1 axis. Next, we developed and characterized an orthotopic mouse model of spontaneous BrM and evaluated the therapeutic effect of CBZ and NER in vivo. The combination treatment of NER and CBZ significantly inhibited proliferation and migration in ERBB2+ cell lines and reduced the organoid growth in vitro. Mechanistically, the combination treatment of NER and CBZ substantially inhibited ERK activation downstream of the c-MET/ERBB1 axis. Orthotopically implanted SKBrM3+ cells formed primary tumor in the mammary fat pad and spontaneously metastasized to the brain and other distant organs. Combination treatment with NER and CBZ inhibited primary tumor growth and predominantly prevented BrM. In conclusion, the orthotopic model of spontaneous BrM is clinically relevant, and the combination therapy of NER and CBZ might be a useful approach to prevent BrM in BC.
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Lim WF, Mohamad Yusof MI, Teh LK, Salleh MZ. Significant Decreased Expressions of CaN, VEGF, SLC39A6 and SFRP1 in MDA-MB-231 Xenograft Breast Tumor Mice Treated with Moringa oleifera Leaves and Seed Residue (MOLSr) Extracts. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12102993. [PMID: 33007803 PMCID: PMC7601446 DOI: 10.3390/nu12102993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera is a miracle plant with many nutritional and medicinal properties. Chemopreventive values of the combined mixture of moringa leaves and seed residue (MOLSr) at different ratios (M1S9, M1S1 and M9S1) were investigated. MOLSr extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening, antioxidant assays, metabolite profiling and cytotoxic activity on the primary mammary epithelial cells (PMECs), non-malignant Chang’s liver cells and various human cancer cell lines (including breast, cervical, colon and liver cancer cell lines). The MOLSr ratio with the most potent cytotoxic activity was used in xenograft mice injected with MDA-MB-231 cells for in vivo tumorigenicity study as well as further protein and gene expression studies. M1S9, specifically composed of saponin and amino acid, retained the lowest antioxidant activity but the highest glucosinolate content as compared to other ratios. Cell viability decreased significantly in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and PMECs after treatment with M1S9. Solid tumor from MDA-MB-231 xenograft mice was inhibited by up to 64.5% at third week after treatment with high-dose M1S9. High-dose M1S9 significantly decreased the expression of calcineurin (CaN) and vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) proteins as well as the secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) and solute carrier family 39 member 6 (SLC39A6) genes. This study provides new scientific evidence for the chemoprevention potential of MOLSr extracts in a breast cancer model; however, the precise mechanism warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Feng Lim
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (W.F.L.); (M.I.M.Y.)
| | - Mohd Izwan Mohamad Yusof
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (W.F.L.); (M.I.M.Y.)
| | - Lay Kek Teh
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (W.F.L.); (M.I.M.Y.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; (L.K.T.); (M.Z.S.); Tel.: +60-3-3258-4658 (L.K.T. & M.Z.S.)
| | - Mohd Zaki Salleh
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (W.F.L.); (M.I.M.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; (L.K.T.); (M.Z.S.); Tel.: +60-3-3258-4658 (L.K.T. & M.Z.S.)
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To B, Isaac D, Andrechek ER. Studying Lymphatic Metastasis in Breast Cancer: Current Models, Strategies, and Clinical Perspectives. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2020; 25:191-203. [PMID: 33034778 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-020-09460-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Although early detection has significantly decreased breast cancer mortality, patients diagnosed with distant metastasis still have a very poor prognosis. The most common site that breast cancer spreads to are local lymph nodes. Therefore, the presence of lymph node metastasis remains one of most important prognostic factors in breast cancer patients. Given its significant clinical implications, increased efforts have been dedicated to better understand the molecular mechanism governing lymph node metastasis in breast cancer. The identification of lymphatic-specific biomarkers, including podoplanin and LYVE-1, has propelled the field of lymphatic metastasis forward. In addition, several animal models such as cell line-derived xenografts, patient-derived xenografts, and spontaneous tumor models have been developed to recreate the process of lymphatic metastasis. Moreover, the incorporation of various -omic platforms have provided further insight into the genetic drivers facilitating lymphatic metastasis, as well as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Here, we highlight various models of lymphatic metastasis, their potential pitfalls, and other tools available to study lymphatic metastasis including imaging modalities and -omic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana To
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Daniel Isaac
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, MSU Breslin Cancer Center, Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Eran R Andrechek
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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35
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Pan C, Schoppe O, Parra-Damas A, Cai R, Todorov MI, Gondi G, von Neubeck B, Böğürcü-Seidel N, Seidel S, Sleiman K, Veltkamp C, Förstera B, Mai H, Rong Z, Trompak O, Ghasemigharagoz A, Reimer MA, Cuesta AM, Coronel J, Jeremias I, Saur D, Acker-Palmer A, Acker T, Garvalov BK, Menze B, Zeidler R, Ertürk A. Deep Learning Reveals Cancer Metastasis and Therapeutic Antibody Targeting in the Entire Body. Cell 2020; 179:1661-1676.e19. [PMID: 31835038 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Reliable detection of disseminated tumor cells and of the biodistribution of tumor-targeting therapeutic antibodies within the entire body has long been needed to better understand and treat cancer metastasis. Here, we developed an integrated pipeline for automated quantification of cancer metastases and therapeutic antibody targeting, named DeepMACT. First, we enhanced the fluorescent signal of cancer cells more than 100-fold by applying the vDISCO method to image metastasis in transparent mice. Second, we developed deep learning algorithms for automated quantification of metastases with an accuracy matching human expert manual annotation. Deep learning-based quantification in 5 different metastatic cancer models including breast, lung, and pancreatic cancer with distinct organotropisms allowed us to systematically analyze features such as size, shape, spatial distribution, and the degree to which metastases are targeted by a therapeutic monoclonal antibody in entire mice. DeepMACT can thus considerably improve the discovery of effective antibody-based therapeutics at the pre-clinical stage. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Pan
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Schoppe
- Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Munich, Germany; Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Arnaldo Parra-Damas
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ruiyao Cai
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Mihail Ivilinov Todorov
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (GSN), 82152 Munich, Germany
| | - Gabor Gondi
- Research Unit Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Bettina von Neubeck
- Research Unit Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Sascha Seidel
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), University of Frankfurt, 60323 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Katia Sleiman
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Division of Translational Cancer Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Veltkamp
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Division of Translational Cancer Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Förstera
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Hongcheng Mai
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Zhouyi Rong
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Omelyan Trompak
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Alireza Ghasemigharagoz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Madita Alice Reimer
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Angel M Cuesta
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), University of Frankfurt, 60323 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Javier Coronel
- Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Munich, Germany
| | - Irmela Jeremias
- Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), 81377 Munich, Germany; Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Childrens Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany; German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Partnering Site Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Dieter Saur
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Division of Translational Cancer Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Amparo Acker-Palmer
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), University of Frankfurt, 60323 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Till Acker
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Boyan K Garvalov
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany; Department of Microvascular Biology and Pathobiology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Bjoern Menze
- Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Munich, Germany; Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Munich School of Bioengineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Munich, Germany
| | - Reinhard Zeidler
- Research Unit Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 81377 Munich, Germany; Department for Otorhinolaryngology, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ali Ertürk
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany.
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36
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Wang G, Chen C, Pai P, Korangath P, Sun S, Merino VF, Yuan J, Li S, Nie G, Stearns V, Sukumar S. Intraductal fulvestrant for therapy of ERα-positive ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast: a preclinical study. Carcinogenesis 2020; 40:903-913. [PMID: 31046118 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammographic screening for breast cancer has led to increased detection of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and a reappraisal of the necessity of aggressive treatment with their attendant toxicities for a preneoplastic lesion. Fulvestrant, a selective estrogen receptor degrader, is very effective in the treatment of estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer, but delivery by the painful intramuscular (i.m) route is limiting. We hypothesized that intraductal (i.duc) administration of fulvestrant will provide a direct, safe and effective treatment for DCIS. Mice bearing mammary ductal xenografts of ER+, luciferase-tagged MCF-7 breast cancer cells were administered vehicle or fulvestrant i.m or i.duc. I.duc MCF-7-luc tumors in mice treated with fulvestrant i.duc or i.m grew significantly slower than vehicle control. Whole mount analysis and histopathology showed that i.duc fulvestrant achieved significantly larger cancer-free areas. Western blot analysis showed reduced levels of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and its downstream targets, c-Myc and Cyclin D1, and increased levels of ERβ, which is known to inhibit ERα function. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor sections showed that Ki67 and ERα protein levels decreased by 3-fold, and neoangiogenesis was inhibited by i.duc fulvestrant treatment. I.duc fulvestrant also reduced outgrowth of ERα+, autochthonous N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mammary tumors in rats. Overall, we have shown that i.duc fulvestrant was significantly more effective than, or equivalent in action to i.m fulvestrant in two preclinical models of breast cancer. These studies provide evidence for a novel and safe route for fulvestrant therapy of DCIS and prevention of breast cancer. This preclinical study provides a strong basis for conducting clinical trials for DCIS and early breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guannan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chuang Chen
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Priya Pai
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Preethi Korangath
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shengrong Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Vanessa F Merino
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jingping Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Suping Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Guangjun Nie
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Vered Stearns
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Saraswati Sukumar
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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37
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Lyles ZK, Tarannum M, Mena C, Inada NM, Bagnato VS, Vivero‐Escoto JL. Biodegradable Silica‐Based Nanoparticles with Improved and Safe Delivery of Protoporphyrin IX for the In Vivo Photodynamic Therapy of Breast Cancer. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary K. Lyles
- Department of Chemistry University of North Carolina Charlotte Charlotte NC 28223 USA
- Nanoscale Science Program University of North Carolina Charlotte Charlotte NC 28223 USA
| | - Mubin Tarannum
- Department of Chemistry University of North Carolina Charlotte Charlotte NC 28223 USA
- Nanoscale Science Program University of North Carolina Charlotte Charlotte NC 28223 USA
| | - Cayli Mena
- Department of Chemistry University of North Carolina Charlotte Charlotte NC 28223 USA
| | - Natalia M. Inada
- University of São Paulo São Carlos Institute of Physics Group of Optics São Carlos São Paulo 13566‐590 Brazil
| | - Vanderlei S. Bagnato
- University of São Paulo São Carlos Institute of Physics Group of Optics São Carlos São Paulo 13566‐590 Brazil
| | - Juan L. Vivero‐Escoto
- Department of Chemistry University of North Carolina Charlotte Charlotte NC 28223 USA
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science University of North Carolina Charlotte Charlotte NC 28223 USA
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38
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Tumor shedding and metastatic progression after tumor excision in patient-derived orthotopic xenograft models of triple-negative breast cancer. Clin Exp Metastasis 2020; 37:413-424. [PMID: 32335861 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-020-10033-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) models have been verified as a useful method for studying human cancers in mice. Previous studies on the extent of metastases in these models have been limited by the necessity of welfare euthanasia (primary tumors reaching threshold size), at which point metastases may only be micrometers in diameter, few in number, and solely identified by step-sectioning of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. These small micro-metastases are less suitable for many downstream molecular analyses than macro-metastases. Resection of the primary tumor by survival surgery has been proven to allow further time for metastases to grow. Although PDOX models of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) shed circulating tumor cells (CTCs) into the bloodstream and metastasize, similar to human TNBC, little data has been collected in these TNBC PDOX models regarding the association between CTC characteristics and distant metastasis following excision of the primary tumor xenograft. This study assembles a timeline of PDOX tumor shedding and metastatic tumor progression before and after tumor excision surgery. We report the ability to use tumorectomies to increase the lifespan of TNBC PDOX models with the potential to obtain larger metastases. CTC clusters and CTCs expressing a mesenchymal marker (vimentin) were associated with metastatic burden in lung and liver. The data collected through these experiments will guide the further use of PDOX models in studying metastatic TNBC.
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39
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Li R, Huang Y, Lin J. Distinct effects of general anesthetics on lung metastasis mediated by IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathway in mouse models. Nat Commun 2020; 11:642. [PMID: 32005799 PMCID: PMC6994546 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14065-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis can occur following surgical resection of solid tumors and metastasis is the main cause of cancer death. The role of anesthetics used during surgery in cancer metastasis and the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Here we show that surgical dissection of primary tumors in mice under anesthesia with sevoflurane leads to significantly more lung metastasis than with propofol in both syngeneic murine 4T1 and xenograft human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer models. Sevoflurane increases the level of serum IL-6, which activates STAT3 and the infiltration of CD11b+ myeloid cells into the lung. Interruption of IL-6/JAK/STAT3 pathway by a JAK inhibitor AZD1480 reverses the pro-metastatic effect of sevoflurane and the associated increase of both activated STAT3 and infiltrated CD11b+ cells in 4T1 model. Our study provides the preclinical evidence informing the distinct effects of anesthetics on metastasis of breast cancers through change of cytokines and the tumor microenvironment. The effects of anesthetics on cancer metastasis are largely unknown. Here, the authors show in two preclinical mouse models that surgical resection of primary tumours under anesthesia with sevoflurane leads to more lung metastases than with propofol and that such distinct effects are associated with change of cytokines and modulation of myeloid cells in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University Health Science Center, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8480, USA
| | - Yujie Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University Health Science Center, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8480, USA.,School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University Health Science Center, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8480, USA.
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40
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Han Y, Nakayama J, Hayashi Y, Jeong S, Futakuchi M, Ito E, Watanabe S, Semba K. Establishment and characterization of highly osteolytic luminal breast cancer cell lines by intracaudal arterial injection. Genes Cells 2020; 25:111-123. [PMID: 31849141 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bone is one of the most common metastatic sites of breast cancer, and bone metastasis profoundly affects the quality of life of breast cancer patients. Bone metastasis is commonly observed among all the subtypes of breast cancer; however, its molecular mechanism has been analyzed only in triple-negative subtype of breast cancer (TNBC). To characterize the molecular mechanisms of bone metastasis of luminal breast cancer, we established a bone-metastatic model of the MCF7, luminal breast cancer cell line, with enhanced osteolytic activity by intracaudal arterial injection (CAI). Pathological analysis of the established cell lines revealed that they exhibited fierce osteolytic ability by promoting osteoclast differentiation and activity. The signature genes extracted from highly osteolytic MCF7 cell lines were differed from those of bone-metastatic TNBC cell lines. Our results suggest that unique mechanisms of osteolysis in bone-metastatic lesions of luminal breast cancer. In addition, several up-regulated genes in MCF7-BM (Bone Metastasis) 02 cell lines correlated with poor prognosis with luminal breast cancer patients. Our findings support further study on the bone-metastatic mechanisms of luminal breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Han
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Nakayama
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.,Computational Bio-Big Data Open Innovation Lab. (CBBD-OIL), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hayashi
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seongmoon Jeong
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Futakuchi
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Emi Ito
- Department of Biomolecular Profiling, Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shinya Watanabe
- Department of Biomolecular Profiling, Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kentaro Semba
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Cell Factory, Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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Raiter A, Lipovetsky J, Hyman L, Mugami S, Ben-Zur T, Yerushalmi R. Chemotherapy Controls Metastasis Through Stimulatory Effects on GRP78 and Its Transcription Factor CREB3L1. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1500. [PMID: 33042795 PMCID: PMC7518037 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
To achieve a cure for metastatic breast cancer, further understanding of molecular drivers of the metastatic cascade is essential. Currently, chemotherapy regimens include doxorubicin and paclitaxel which act in part by inducing the unfolded protein response (UPR). The master regulator of the UPR, glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78), localizes on the surface of tumor cells and is associated with metastatic disease. Cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein 3-like 1 (CREB3L1), a member of the UPR, is a breast cancer metastasis suppressor that acts on cyclic AMP to promote the expression of target genes including GRP78. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of chemotherapy on CREB3L1 and cell-surface GRP78 expression and its association with the development of breast cancer metastasis. For this purpose, we use breast cancer cells migration in vitro assays and an in vivo metastatic mouse model. The results showed that chemotherapy activated CREB3L1 and enhanced cell-surface GRP78 expression specifically in triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBC), reducing their migration and metastatic potential. CREB3L1 knockout (KO) in the triple negative MDAMB231 cell line using CRISPR/Cas9 technology led to inhibition of GRP78 expression and abrogation of the CREB3L1 metastatic suppression function. Inoculation of CREB3L1-KO MDAMB231 cells into a mouse metastatic model induced a massive metastatic profile which chemotherapy failed to prevent. These findings elucidate a potential pathway to the development of a novel treatment strategy for metastatic TNBC based on modulating CREB3L1 and cell-surface GRP78 expression by chemotherapy and GRP78-targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annat Raiter
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- *Correspondence: Annat Raiter
| | | | - Lucila Hyman
- Department of Pathology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Shany Mugami
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Tali Ben-Zur
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Rinat Yerushalmi
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
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42
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Stras S, Howe A, Prasad A, Salerno D, Bhatavdekar O, Sofou S. Growth of Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Is Inhibited by Deep Tumor-Penetrating and Slow Tumor-Clearing Chemotherapy: The Case of Tumor-Adhering Liposomes with Interstitial Drug Release. Mol Pharm 2019; 17:118-131. [PMID: 31825626 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The poor prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is attributed largely to the lack of tumor-selective therapeutic modalities that effectively deliver lethal doses at the sites of metastatic disease. Tumor-selective drug delivery strategies that aim to improve uniformity in intratumoral drug microdistributions and to prolong exposure of these cancer cells to delivered therapeutics may improve therapeutic efficacy against established TNBC metastases. In this study, we present lipid carriers for selective (due to their nanometer size) tumor delivery, which are loaded with cisplatin and designed to exhibit the following properties when in the tumor interstitium: (1) interstitial drug release (for deeper tumor penetration of cisplatin) and/or (2) intratumoral/interstitial adhesion of the carriers to tumors' extracellular matrix (ECM)-not accompanied by cell internalization-for delayed tumor clearance of carriers prolonging cancer cell exposure to the cisplatin being released. We show that on large multicellular spheroids, used as surrogates of avascular solid tumor regions, greater growth inhibition was strongly correlated with spatially more uniform drug concentrations (due to interstitial drug release) and with longer exposure to the released drug (i.e., higher time-integrated drug concentrations enabled by slow clearing of adhesive nanoparticles). Lipid nanoparticles with both the release and adhesion properties were the most effective, followed by nanoparticles with only the releasing property and then by nanoparticles with only the adhering property. In vivo, cisplatin-loaded nanoparticles with releasing and/or adhering properties significantly inhibited the growth of spontaneous TNBC metastases compared to conventional liposomal cisplatin, and the efficacy of different property combinations followed the same trends as in spheroids. This study demonstrates the therapeutic potential of a general strategy to bypass treatment limitations of established TNBC metastases due to the lack of cell-targeting markers: aiming to optimize the temporal intratumoral drug microdistributions for more uniform and prolonged drug exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Stras
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering , Rutgers University , 599 Taylor Road , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - Alaina Howe
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for NanoBioTechnology , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - Aprameya Prasad
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for NanoBioTechnology , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - Dominick Salerno
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for NanoBioTechnology , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - Omkar Bhatavdekar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for NanoBioTechnology , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - Stavroula Sofou
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for NanoBioTechnology , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
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43
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Drews-Elger K, Sandoval-Leon AC, Ergonul AB, Jegg AM, Gomez-Fernandez C, Miller PC, El-Ashry D, Lippman ME. Paget's disease of the nipple in a Her2-positive breast cancer xenograft model. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 179:577-584. [PMID: 31720992 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-019-05490-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Paget's disease (PD) of the breast is an uncommon disease of the nipple usually accompanied by an underlying carcinoma, often HER2 + , and accounting for 0.5-5% of all breast cancer. To date, histogenesis of PD of the breast remains controversial, as two theories-transformation and epidermotropic-have been proposed to explain this disease. Currently, animal models recapitulating PD of the nipple have not been described. METHODS HER2-enriched DT13 breast cancer cells were injected into the mammary fat pad of NOD scid gamma null (NSG) female mice. Immunohistochemical staining and pathological studies were performed on tumor samples, and diagnosis of PD of the nipple was confirmed by expression of proteins characteristic of Paget cells (epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2), androgen receptor (AR), cytokeratin 7 (CK7), cytokeratin 8/18 (CK8/18), and mucin 1 (MUC1)). In addition, DT13 cells grown in 2D culture and in soft agar assays were sensitive to in vitro treatment with pharmacological inhibitors targeting Her2, adenylyl cyclase, mTOR, and PI3K signaling pathways. RESULTS Mice developed tumors and nipple lesions that were detected exclusively on the tumor-bearing mammary fat pad. Tumor cells were positive for proteins characteristic of Paget cells. In vitro, DT13 cells were sensitive to inhibition of Her2, adenylyl cyclase, mTOR, and PI3K signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that injection of HER2 + DT13 cells into the mammary fat pad of NSG mice recapitulates critical aspects of the pathophysiology of PD of the nipple, supporting the epidermotropic theory as the more likely to explain the histogenesis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Drews-Elger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Ana Cristina Sandoval-Leon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Ayse Burcu Ergonul
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 3970 Reservoir Rd NW, NRB E507A, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Anna M Jegg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Carmen Gomez-Fernandez
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Philip C Miller
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 3970 Reservoir Rd NW, NRB E507A, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.,Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
| | - Dorraya El-Ashry
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA. .,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 3970 Reservoir Rd NW, NRB E507A, Miami, FL, 33136, USA. .,Breast Cancer Research Foundation, 28 West 44th Street, Suite 609, New York, NY, 10036, USA. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Marc E Lippman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA. .,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 3970 Reservoir Rd NW, NRB E507A, Miami, FL, 33136, USA. .,Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, 20007, USA.
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44
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Seitz CM, Schroeder S, Knopf P, Krahl AC, Hau J, Schleicher S, Martella M, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Kneilling M, Pichler B, Lang P, Atar D, Schilbach K, Handgretinger R, Schlegel P. GD2-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T cells prevent metastasis formation by elimination of breast cancer stem-like cells. Oncoimmunology 2019; 9:1683345. [PMID: 32002293 PMCID: PMC6959445 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2019.1683345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression of the disialoganglioside GD2 has been identified as a marker antigen associated with a breast cancer stem-like cell (BCSC) phenotype. Here, we report on the evaluation of GD2 as a BCSC-specific target antigen for immunotherapy. GD2 expression was confirmed at variable degree in a set of breast cancer cell lines, predominantly in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). To target GD2, we have generated novel anti-GD2 chimeric antigen receptors (GD2-CAR), based on single-chain variable fragments (scFv) derived from the monoclonal antibody (mAb) ch14.18, also known as dinutuximab beta. Expressed on T cells, GD2-CARs mediated specific GD2-dependent T-cell activation and target cell lysis. In contrast to previously described GD2-CARs, no signs of exhaustion by tonic signaling were found. Importantly, application of GD2-CAR expressing T cells (GD2-CAR-T) in an orthotopic xenograft model of TNBC (MDA-MB-231) halted local tumor progression and completely prevented lung metastasis formation. In line with the BCSC model, GD2 expression was only found in a subpopulation (4-6%) of MDA-MB-231 cells before injection. Significant expansion of GD2-CAR-T in tumor-bearing mice as well as T-cell infiltrates in the primary tumor and the lungs were found, indicating site-specific activation of GD2-CAR-T. Our data strongly support previous findings of GD2 as a BCSC-associated antigen. GD2-targeted immunotherapies have been extensively studied in human. In conclusion, GD2-CAR-T should be considered a promising novel approach for GD2-positive breast cancer, especially to eliminate disseminated tumor cells and prevent metastasis formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian M Seitz
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Schroeder
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Knopf
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ann-Christin Krahl
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jana Hau
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sabine Schleicher
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Manuela Martella
- Department of Pathology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Manfred Kneilling
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Pichler
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Peter Lang
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Atar
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Karin Schilbach
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Rupert Handgretinger
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Patrick Schlegel
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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45
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Fiordelisi MF, Cavaliere C, Auletta L, Basso L, Salvatore M. Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Translational Research in Oncology. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8111883. [PMID: 31698697 PMCID: PMC6912299 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8111883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The translation of results from the preclinical to the clinical setting is often anything other than straightforward. Indeed, ideas and even very intriguing results obtained at all levels of preclinical research, i.e., in vitro, on animal models, or even in clinical trials, often require much effort to validate, and sometimes, even useful data are lost or are demonstrated to be inapplicable in the clinic. In vivo, small-animal, preclinical imaging uses almost the same technologies in terms of hardware and software settings as for human patients, and hence, might result in a more rapid translation. In this perspective, magnetic resonance imaging might be the most translatable technique, since only in rare cases does it require the use of contrast agents, and when not, sequences developed in the lab can be readily applied to patients, thanks to their non-invasiveness. The wide range of sequences can give much useful information on the anatomy and pathophysiology of oncologic lesions in different body districts. This review aims to underline the versatility of this imaging technique and its various approaches, reporting the latest preclinical studies on thyroid, breast, and prostate cancers, both on small laboratory animals and on human patients, according to our previous and ongoing research lines.
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46
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Park YE, Bava U, Lin JM, Cornish J, Naot D, Reid IR. Bone-Bound Bisphosphonates Inhibit Proliferation of Breast Cancer Cells. Calcif Tissue Int 2019; 105:497-505. [PMID: 31324954 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-019-00590-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates are used in treating patients with breast cancer. In vitro studies have shown that bisphosphonates act directly on tumour cells, inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. In most such studies, drugs were added to culture media exposing cells to high bisphosphonate concentrations in solution. However, since bisphosphonates bind to bone hydroxyapatite with high affinity and remain bound for very long periods of time, these experimental systems are not an optimal model for the action of the drugs in vivo. The aim of this study was to determine whether bone-bound zoledronate has direct effects on adjacent breast cancer cells. Bone slices were pre-incubated with bisphosphonate solutions, washed, and seeded with cells of the breast cancer cell lines, MCF7 or MDA-MB-231. Proliferation was assessed by cell counts and thymidine incorporation for up to 72 h. Inhibition of the mevalonate pathway was tested by measuring the levels of unprenylated Rap1A, and apoptosis was examined by the presence of cleaved caspase-8 on western blots. The proliferation rate of breast cancer cells on zoledronate-treated bone was significantly lower compared to cells on control bone. Other bisphosphonates showed a similar inhibitory effect, with an order of potency similar to their clinical potencies. Unprenylated Rap1A accumulated in MCF7 cells on zoledronate-treated bone, suggesting zoledronate acted through the inhibition of the mevalonate pathway. Accumulation of cleaved caspase-8 in MDA-MB-231 cells on bisphosphonate-treated bone indicated increased apoptosis in the cells. In conclusion, bone-bound zoledronate inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation, an activity that may contribute to its clinical anti-tumour effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Eun Park
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Usha Bava
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jian-Ming Lin
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jillian Cornish
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Dorit Naot
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ian R Reid
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
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47
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Arroyo‐Crespo JJ, Armiñán A, Charbonnier D, Deladriere C, Palomino‐Schätzlein M, Lamas‐Domingo R, Forteza J, Pineda‐Lucena A, Vicent MJ. Characterization of triple-negative breast cancer preclinical models provides functional evidence of metastatic progression. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:2267-2281. [PMID: 30860605 PMCID: PMC6767480 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), an aggressive, metastatic and recurrent breast cancer (BC) subtype, currently suffers from a lack of adequately described spontaneously metastatic preclinical models that faithfully reproduce the clinical scenario. We describe two preclinical spontaneously metastatic TNBC orthotopic murine models for the development of advanced therapeutics: an immunodeficient human MDA-MB-231-Luc model and an immunocompetent mouse 4T1 model. Furthermore, we provide a broad range of multifactorial analysis for both models that could provide relevant information for the development of new therapies and diagnostic tools. Our comparisons uncovered differential growth rates, stromal arrangements and metabolic profiles in primary tumors, and the presence of cancer-associated adipocyte infiltration in the MDA-MB-231-Luc model. Histopathological studies highlighted the more rapid metastatic spread to the lungs in the 4T1 model following a lymphatic route, while we observed both homogeneous (MDA-MB-231-Luc) and heterogeneous (4T1) metastatic spread to axillary lymph nodes. We encountered unique metabolomic signatures in each model, including crucial amino acids and cell membrane components. Hematological analysis demonstrated severe leukemoid and lymphoid reactions in the 4T1 model with the partial reestablishment of immune responses in the immunocompromised MDA-MB-231-Luc model. Additionally, we discovered β-immunoglobulinemia and increased basal levels of G-CSF correlating with a metastatic switch, with G-CSF also promoting extramedullary hematopoiesis (both models) and causing hepatosplenomegaly (4T1 model). Overall, we believe that the characterization of these preclinical models will foster the development of advanced therapeutic strategies for TNBC treatment, especially for the treatment of patients presenting both, primary tumors and metastatic spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J. Arroyo‐Crespo
- Polymer Therapeutics LaboratoryCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeAv. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3Valencia, 46012Spain
| | - Ana Armiñán
- Polymer Therapeutics LaboratoryCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeAv. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3Valencia, 46012Spain
| | - David Charbonnier
- Polymer Therapeutics LaboratoryCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeAv. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3Valencia, 46012Spain
- Screening Platform, Centro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeAv. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3Valencia, 46012Spain
| | - Coralie Deladriere
- Polymer Therapeutics LaboratoryCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeAv. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3Valencia, 46012Spain
| | - Martina Palomino‐Schätzlein
- Joint Research Unit in Clinical MetabolomicsCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeAv. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3Valencia, 46012Spain
| | - Rubén Lamas‐Domingo
- Joint Research Unit in Clinical MetabolomicsCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeAv. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3Valencia, 46012Spain
| | - Jerónimo Forteza
- Unidad Mixta Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe‐Instituto Valenciano de PatologíaCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeAv. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3Valencia, 46012Spain
| | - Antonio Pineda‐Lucena
- Joint Research Unit in Clinical MetabolomicsCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeAv. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3Valencia, 46012Spain
- Drug Discovery UnitInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria La FeAvda. Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, 46026ValenciaSpain
| | - María J. Vicent
- Polymer Therapeutics LaboratoryCentro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeAv. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3Valencia, 46012Spain
- Screening Platform, Centro de Investigación Príncipe FelipeAv. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3Valencia, 46012Spain
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48
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Thomas PB, Seim I, Jeffery PL, Gahete MD, Maugham M, Crisp GJ, Stacey A, Shah ET, Walpole C, Whiteside EJ, Nelson CC, Herington AC, Luque RM, Veedu RN, Chopin LK. The long non-coding RNA GHSROS facilitates breast cancer cell migration and orthotopic xenograft tumour growth. Int J Oncol 2019; 55:1223-1236. [PMID: 31638176 PMCID: PMC6831199 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that numerous long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are dysregulated in cancer, and have critical roles in tumour development and progression. The present study investigated the ghrelin receptor antisense lncRNA growth hormone secretagogue receptor opposite strand (GHSROS) in breast cancer. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that GHSROS expression was significantly upregulated in breast tumour tissues compared with normal breast tissue. Induced overexpression of GHSROS in the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line significantly increased cell migration in vitro, without affecting cell proliferation, a finding similar to our previous study on lung cancer cell lines. Microarray analysis revealed a significant repression of a small cluster of major histocompatibility class II genes and enrichment of immune response pathways; this phenomenon may allow tumour cells to better evade the immune system. Ectopic overexpression of GHSROS in the MDA-MB-231 cell line significantly increased orthotopic xenograft growth in mice, suggesting that in vitro culture does not fully capture the function of this lncRNA. This study demonstrated that GHSROS may serve a relevant role in breast cancer. Further studies are warranted to explore the function and therapeutic potential of this lncRNA in breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick B Thomas
- Ghrelin Research Group, Translational Research Institute-Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Inge Seim
- Ghrelin Research Group, Translational Research Institute-Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Penny L Jeffery
- Ghrelin Research Group, Translational Research Institute-Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Manuel D Gahete
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Michelle Maugham
- Ghrelin Research Group, Translational Research Institute-Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Gabrielle J Crisp
- Ghrelin Research Group, Translational Research Institute-Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Andrew Stacey
- Ghrelin Research Group, Translational Research Institute-Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Esha T Shah
- Ghrelin Research Group, Translational Research Institute-Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Carina Walpole
- Ghrelin Research Group, Translational Research Institute-Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | | | - Colleen C Nelson
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Adrian C Herington
- Ghrelin Research Group, Translational Research Institute-Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Raúl M Luque
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rakesh N Veedu
- Centre for Comparative Genomics, Murdoch University & Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, Western Australia 6150, Australia
| | - Lisa K Chopin
- Ghrelin Research Group, Translational Research Institute-Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
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49
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Investigating circulating tumor cells and distant metastases in patient-derived orthotopic xenograft models of triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2019; 21:98. [PMID: 31462307 PMCID: PMC6714238 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-019-1182-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) represent a temporal "snapshot" of a patient's cancer and changes that occur during disease evolution. There is an extensive literature studying CTCs in breast cancer patients, and particularly in those with metastatic disease. In parallel, there is an increasing use of patient-derived models in preclinical investigations of human cancers. Yet studies are still limited demonstrating CTC shedding and metastasis formation in patient-derived models of breast cancer. METHODS We used seven patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) models generated from triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients to study CTCs and distant metastases. Tumor fragments from PDOX tissue from each of the seven models were implanted into 57 NOD scid gamma (NSG) mice, and tumor growth and volume were monitored. Human CTC capture from mouse blood was first optimized on the marker-agnostic Vortex CTC isolation platform, and whole blood was processed from 37 PDOX tumor-bearing mice. RESULTS Staining and imaging revealed the presence of CTCs in 32/37 (86%). The total number of CTCs varied between different PDOX tumor models and between individual mice bearing the same PDOX tumors. CTCs were heterogeneous and showed cytokeratin (CK) positive, vimentin (VIM) positive, and mixed CK/VIM phenotypes. Metastases were detected in the lung (20/57, 35%), liver (7/57, 12%), and brain (1/57, less than 2%). The seven different PDOX tumor models displayed varying degrees of metastatic potential, including one TNBC PDOX tumor model that failed to generate any detectable metastases (0/8 mice) despite having CTCs present in the blood of 5/5 tested, suggesting that CTCs from this particular PDOX tumor model may typify metastatic inefficiency. CONCLUSION PDOX tumor models that shed CTCs and develop distant metastases represent an important tool for investigating TNBC.
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50
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Kannan A, Philley JV, Hertweck KL, Ndetan H, Singh KP, Sivakumar S, Wells RB, Vadlamudi RK, Dasgupta S. Cancer Testis Antigen Promotes Triple Negative Breast Cancer Metastasis and is Traceable in the Circulating Extracellular Vesicles. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11632. [PMID: 31406142 PMCID: PMC6690992 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48064-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has poor survival, exhibits rapid metastases, lacks targeted therapies and reliable prognostic markers. Here, we examined metastasis promoting role of cancer testis antigen SPANXB1 in TNBC and its utility as a therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker. Expression pattern of SPANXB1 was determined using matched primary cancer, lymph node metastatic tissues and circulating small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). cDNA microarray analysis of TNBC cells stably integrated with a metastasis suppressor SH3GL2 identified SPANXB1 as a potential target gene. TNBC cells overexpressing SH3GL2 exhibited decreased levels of both SPANXB1 mRNA and protein. Silencing of SPANXB1 reduced migration, invasion and reactive oxygen species production of TNBC cells. SPANXB1 depletion augmented SH3GL2 expression and decreased RAC-1, FAK, A-Actinin and Vinculin expression. Phenotypic and molecular changes were reversed upon SPANXB1 re-expression. SPANXB1 overexpressing breast cancer cells with an enhanced SPANXB1:SH3GL2 ratio achieved pulmonary metastasis within 5 weeks, whereas controls cells failed to do so. Altered expression of SPANXB1 was detected in the sEVs of SPANXB1 transduced cells. Exclusive expression of SPANXB1 was traceable in circulating sEVs, which was associated with TNBC progression. SPANXB1 represents a novel and ideal therapeutic target for blocking TNBC metastases due to its unique expression pattern and may function as an EV based prognostic marker to improve TNBC survival. Uniquely restricted expression of SPANXB1 in TNBCs, makes it an ideal candidate for targeted therapeutics and prognostication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anbarasu Kannan
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, USA
| | - Julie V Philley
- Departments of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, USA
| | - Kate L Hertweck
- Departments of Biology, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, USA.,Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Harrison Ndetan
- Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, USA
| | - Karan P Singh
- Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, USA
| | - Subramaniam Sivakumar
- Departments of Biochemistry, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Kanchipuram, India
| | - Robert B Wells
- Departments of Pathology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, USA
| | - Ratna K Vadlamudi
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CDP program, Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Santanu Dasgupta
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, USA. .,Departments of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, USA.
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