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Baraibar AM, Colomer T, Moreno-García A, Bernal-Chico A, Sánchez-Martín E, Utrilla C, Serrat R, Soria-Gómez E, Rodríguez-Antigüedad A, Araque A, Matute C, Marsicano G, Mato S. Autoimmune inflammation triggers aberrant astrocytic calcium signaling to impair synaptic plasticity. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 121:192-210. [PMID: 39032542 PMCID: PMC11415231 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cortical pathology involving inflammatory and neurodegenerative mechanisms is a hallmark of multiple sclerosis and a correlate of disease progression and cognitive decline. Astrocytes play a pivotal role in multiple sclerosis initiation and progression but astrocyte-neuronal network alterations contributing to gray matter pathology remain undefined. Here we unveil deregulation of astrocytic calcium signaling and astrocyte-to-neuron communication as key pathophysiological mechanisms of cortical dysfunction in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of multiple sclerosis. Using two-photon imaging ex vivo and fiber photometry in freely behaving mice, we found that acute EAE was associated with the emergence of spontaneously hyperactive cortical astrocytes exhibiting dysfunctional responses to cannabinoid, glutamate and purinoreceptor agonists. Abnormal astrocyte signaling by Gi and Gq protein coupled receptors was observed in the inflamed cortex. This was mirrored by treatments with pro-inflammatory factors both in vitro and ex vivo, suggesting cell-autonomous effects of the cortical neuroinflammatory environment. Finally, deregulated astrocyte calcium activity was associated with an enhancement of glutamatergic gliotransmission and a shift of astrocyte-mediated short-term and long-term plasticity mechanisms towards synaptic potentiation. Overall, our data identify astrocyte-neuronal network dysfunctions as key pathological features of gray matter inflammation in multiple sclerosis and potentially additional neuroimmunological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Baraibar
- Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Neuroinmunology Group, Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - T Colomer
- Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Neuroinmunology Group, Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - A Moreno-García
- Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Neuroinmunology Group, Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - A Bernal-Chico
- Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Neuroinmunology Group, Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - E Sánchez-Martín
- Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Neuroinmunology Group, Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - C Utrilla
- Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Neuroinmunology Group, Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - R Serrat
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, 33077 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - E Soria-Gómez
- Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - A Rodríguez-Antigüedad
- Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Neuroinmunology Group, Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - A Araque
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455 MN, USA
| | - C Matute
- Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - G Marsicano
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, 33077 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France.
| | - S Mato
- Department of Neurosciences, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Neuroinmunology Group, Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain.
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2
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Guillemin J, Li J, Li V, McDowell SAT, Audette K, Davis G, Jelen M, Slamani S, Kelliher L, Gordon MD, Stanley M. Taste cells expressing Ionotropic Receptor 94e reciprocally impact feeding and egg laying in Drosophila. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114625. [PMID: 39141516 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemosensory cells across the body of Drosophila melanogaster evaluate the environment to prioritize certain behaviors. Previous mapping of gustatory receptor neurons (GRNs) on the fly labellum identified a set of neurons in L-type sensilla that express Ionotropic Receptor 94e (IR94e), but the impact of IR94e GRNs on behavior remains unclear. We used optogenetics and chemogenetics to activate IR94e neurons and found that they drive mild feeding suppression but enhance egg laying. In vivo calcium imaging revealed that IR94e GRNs respond strongly to certain amino acids, including glutamate, and that IR94e plus co-receptors IR25a and IR76b are required for amino acid detection. Furthermore, IR94e mutants show behavioral changes to solutions containing amino acids, including increased consumption and decreased egg laying. Overall, our results suggest that IR94e GRNs on the fly labellum discourage feeding and encourage egg laying as part of an important behavioral switch in response to certain chemical cues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jinfang Li
- Department of Zoology, Life Sciences Institute and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Viktoriya Li
- Department of Zoology, Life Sciences Institute and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Sasha A T McDowell
- Department of Zoology, Life Sciences Institute and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Kayla Audette
- Department of Biology, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Grace Davis
- Department of Biology, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Meghan Jelen
- Department of Zoology, Life Sciences Institute and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Samy Slamani
- Department of Biology, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Liam Kelliher
- Department of Biology, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Michael D Gordon
- Department of Zoology, Life Sciences Institute and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Molly Stanley
- Department of Biology, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
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3
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Sheng CQ, Wu SS, Cheng YK, Wu Y, Li YM. Comprehensive review of indicators and techniques for optical mapping of intracellular calcium ions. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae346. [PMID: 39191664 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Calcium ions (Ca2+) play crucial roles in almost every cellular process, making the detection of changes in intracellular Ca2+ essential to understanding cell function. The fluorescence indicator method has garnered widespread application due to its exceptional sensitivity, rapid analysis, cost-effectiveness, and user-friendly nature. It has successfully delineated the spatial and temporal dynamics of Ca2+ signaling across diverse cell types. However, it is vital to understand that different indicators have varying levels of accuracy, sensitivity, and stability, making choosing the right inspection method crucial. As optical detection technologies advance, they continually broaden the horizons of scientific inquiry. This primer offers a systematic synthesis of the current fluorescence indicators and optical imaging modalities utilized for the detection of intracellular Ca2+. It elucidates their practical applications and inherent limitations, serving as an essential reference for researchers seeking to identify the most suitable detection methodologies for their calcium-centric investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Qiao Sheng
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, No. 2699, Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Wu
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Children's Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yong-Kang Cheng
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yao Wu
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yu-Mei Li
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
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Broggini T, Duckworth J, Ji X, Liu R, Xia X, Mächler P, Shaked I, Munting LP, Iyengar S, Kotlikoff M, van Veluw SJ, Vergassola M, Mishne G, Kleinfeld D. Long-wavelength traveling waves of vasomotion modulate the perfusion of cortex. Neuron 2024; 112:2349-2367.e8. [PMID: 38781972 PMCID: PMC11257831 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Brain arterioles are active, multicellular complexes whose diameters oscillate at ∼ 0.1 Hz. We assess the physiological impact and spatiotemporal dynamics of vaso-oscillations in the awake mouse. First, vaso-oscillations in penetrating arterioles, which source blood from pial arterioles to the capillary bed, profoundly impact perfusion throughout neocortex. The modulation in flux during resting-state activity exceeds that of stimulus-induced activity. Second, the change in perfusion through arterioles relative to the change in their diameter is weak. This implies that the capillary bed dominates the hydrodynamic resistance of brain vasculature. Lastly, the phase of vaso-oscillations evolves slowly along arterioles, with a wavelength that exceeds the span of the cortical mantle and sufficient variability to establish functional cortical areas as parcels of uniform phase. The phase-gradient supports traveling waves in either direction along both pial and penetrating arterioles. This implies that waves along penetrating arterioles can mix, but not directionally transport, interstitial fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Broggini
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Goethe University Frankfurt, Department of Neurosurgery, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jacob Duckworth
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Xiang Ji
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Xinyue Xia
- Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Philipp Mächler
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Iftach Shaked
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Leon Paul Munting
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Satish Iyengar
- Department of Statistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Michael Kotlikoff
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Susanne J van Veluw
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | - Gal Mishne
- Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - David Kleinfeld
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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5
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Olorocisimo JP, Ohta Y, Regonia PR, Castillo VCG, Yoshimoto J, Takehara H, Sasagawa K, Ohta J. Brain-implantable needle-type CMOS imaging device enables multi-layer dissection of seizure calcium dynamics in the hippocampus. J Neural Eng 2024; 21:046022. [PMID: 38925109 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ad5c03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Objective: Current neuronal imaging methods mostly use bulky lenses that either impede animal behavior or prohibit multi-depth imaging. To overcome these limitations, we developed a lightweight lensless biophotonic system for neuronal imaging, enabling compact and simultaneous visualization of multiple brain layers.Approach: Our developed 'CIS-NAIST' device integrates a micro-CMOS image sensor, thin-film fluorescence filter, micro-LEDs, and a needle-shaped flexible printed circuit. With this device, we monitored neuronal calcium dynamics during seizures across the different layers of the hippocampus and employed machine learning techniques for seizure classification and prediction.Main results: The CIS-NAIST device revealed distinct calcium activity patterns across the CA1, molecular interlayer, and dentate gyrus. Our findings indicated an elevated calcium amplitude activity specifically in the dentate gyrus compared to other layers. Then, leveraging the multi-layer data obtained from the device, we successfully classified seizure calcium activity and predicted seizure behavior using Long Short-Term Memory and Hidden Markov models.Significance: Taken together, our 'CIS-NAIST' device offers an effective and minimally invasive method of seizure monitoring that can help elucidate the mechanisms of temporal lobe epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasumi Ohta
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Paul R Regonia
- Department of Computer Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Manila, The Philippines
| | - Virgil C G Castillo
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Junichiro Yoshimoto
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hironari Takehara
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Sasagawa
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Jun Ohta
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
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6
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Fitzpatrick MJ, Krizan J, Hsiang JC, Shen N, Kerschensteiner D. A pupillary contrast response in mice and humans: Neural mechanisms and visual functions. Neuron 2024; 112:2404-2422.e9. [PMID: 38697114 PMCID: PMC11257825 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
In the pupillary light response (PLR), increases in ambient light constrict the pupil to dampen increases in retinal illuminance. Here, we report that the pupillary reflex arc implements a second input-output transformation; it senses temporal contrast to enhance spatial contrast in the retinal image and increase visual acuity. The pupillary contrast response (PCoR) is driven by rod photoreceptors via type 6 bipolar cells and M1 ganglion cells. Temporal contrast is transformed into sustained pupil constriction by the M1's conversion of excitatory input into spike output. Computational modeling explains how the PCoR shapes retinal images. Pupil constriction improves acuity in gaze stabilization and predation in mice. Humans exhibit a PCoR with similar tuning properties to mice, which interacts with eye movements to optimize the statistics of the visual input for retinal encoding. Thus, we uncover a conserved component of active vision, its cell-type-specific pathway, computational mechanisms, and optical and behavioral significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Fitzpatrick
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jenna Krizan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jen-Chun Hsiang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ning Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Daniel Kerschensteiner
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Xu C, Alameri A, Leong W, Johnson E, Chen Z, Xu B, Leong KW. Multiscale engineering of brain organoids for disease modeling. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 210:115344. [PMID: 38810702 PMCID: PMC11265575 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Brain organoids hold great potential for modeling human brain development and pathogenesis. They recapitulate certain aspects of the transcriptional trajectory, cellular diversity, tissue architecture and functions of the developing brain. In this review, we explore the engineering strategies to control the molecular-, cellular- and tissue-level inputs to achieve high-fidelity brain organoids. We review the application of brain organoids in neural disorder modeling and emerging bioengineering methods to improve data collection and feature extraction at multiscale. The integration of multiscale engineering strategies and analytical methods has significant potential to advance insight into neurological disorders and accelerate drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Alia Alameri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Wei Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Emily Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Zaozao Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Kam W Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
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Chen W, Motsinger MM, Li J, Bohannon KP, Hanson PI. Ca 2+-sensor ALG-2 engages ESCRTs to enhance lysosomal membrane resilience to osmotic stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2318412121. [PMID: 38781205 PMCID: PMC11145288 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318412121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes are central players in cellular catabolism, signaling, and metabolic regulation. Cellular and environmental stresses that damage lysosomal membranes can compromise their function and release toxic content into the cytoplasm. Here, we examine how cells respond to osmotic stress within lysosomes. Using sensitive assays of lysosomal leakage and rupture, we examine acute effects of the osmotic disruptant glycyl-L-phenylalanine 2-naphthylamide (GPN). Our findings reveal that low concentrations of GPN rupture a small fraction of lysosomes, but surprisingly trigger Ca2+ release from nearly all. Chelating cytoplasmic Ca2+ makes lysosomes more sensitive to GPN-induced rupture, suggesting a role for Ca2+ in lysosomal membrane resilience. GPN-elicited Ca2+ release causes the Ca2+-sensor Apoptosis Linked Gene-2 (ALG-2), along with Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport (ESCRT) proteins it interacts with, to redistribute onto lysosomes. Functionally, ALG-2, but not its ESCRT binding-disabled ΔGF122 splice variant, increases lysosomal resilience to osmotic stress. Importantly, elevating juxta-lysosomal Ca2+ without membrane damage by activating TRPML1 also recruits ALG-2 and ESCRTs, protecting lysosomes from subsequent osmotic rupture. These findings reveal that Ca2+, through ALG-2, helps bring ESCRTs to lysosomes to enhance their resilience and maintain organelle integrity in the face of osmotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Madeline M. Motsinger
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Jiaqian Li
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Kevin P. Bohannon
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Phyllis I. Hanson
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI48109
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9
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Inami C, Haruta M, Ohta Y, Tanaka M, So M, Sobue K, Akay Y, Kume K, Ohta J, Akay M, Ohsawa M. Real-time monitoring of cortical brain activity in response to acute pain using wide-area Ca 2+ imaging. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 708:149800. [PMID: 38522402 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Previous human and rodent studies indicated that nociceptive stimuli activate many brain regions that is involved in the somatosensory and emotional sensation. Although these studies have identified several important brain regions involved in pain perception, it has been a challenge to observe neural activity directly and simultaneously in these multiple brain regions during pain perception. Using a transgenic mouse expressing G-CaMP7 in majority of astrocytes and a subpopulation of excitatory neurons, we recorded the brain activity in the mouse cerebral cortex during acute pain stimulation. Both of hind paw pinch and intraplantar administration of formalin caused strong transient increase of the fluorescence in several cortical regions, including primary somatosensory, motor and retrosplenial cortex. This increase of the fluorescence intensity was attenuated by the pretreatment with morphine. The present study provides important insight into the cortico-cortical network during pain perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Inami
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Makito Haruta
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma-shi, Nara, Japan
| | - Yasumi Ohta
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma-shi, Nara, Japan
| | - Motoshi Tanaka
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine. Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - MinHye So
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine. Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Kazuya Sobue
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine. Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yasemin Akay
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Houston, 3517 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Kazuhiko Kume
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Jun Ohta
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma-shi, Nara, Japan
| | - Metin Akay
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Houston, 3517 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Masahiro Ohsawa
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan; Department of Integrative Neuroscience, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan; Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, Itabashi, Tokyo, 173-8603, Japan.
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10
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Zhang Y, Looger LL. Fast and sensitive GCaMP calcium indicators for neuronal imaging. J Physiol 2024; 602:1595-1604. [PMID: 36811153 DOI: 10.1113/jp283832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We review the principles of development and deployment of genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) for the detection of neural activity. Our focus is on the popular GCaMP family of green GECIs, culminating in the recent release of the jGCaMP8 sensors, with dramatically improved kinetics relative to previous generations. We summarize the properties of GECIs in multiple colour channels (blue, cyan, green, yellow, red, far-red) and highlight areas for further improvement. With their low-millisecond rise-times, the jGCaMP8 indicators allow new classes of experiments following neural activity in time frames approaching the underlying computations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Loren L Looger
- Department of Neurosciences, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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11
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Sawant N, Watanabe A, Ueda H, Okano H, Morita M. Incomplete accumulation of perilesional reactive astrocytes exacerbates wound healing after closed-head injury by increasing inflammation and BBB disruption. Exp Neurol 2024; 374:114700. [PMID: 38272160 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Wound healing after closed-head injury is a significant medical issue. However, conventional models of focal traumatic brain injury, such as fluid percussion injury and controlled cortical impact, employ mechanical impacts on the exposed cerebral cortex after craniotomy. These animal models are inappropriate for studying gliosis, as craniotomy itself induces gliosis. To address this, we developed a closed-head injury model and named "photo injury", which employs intense light illumination through a thinned-skull cranial window. Our prior work demonstrated that the gliosis of focal cerebral lesion after the photo injury does not encompass artificial gliosis and comprises two distinct reactive astrocyte subpopulations. The reactive astrocytes accumulated in the perilesional recovery area actively proliferate and express Nestin, a neural stem cell marker, while those in distal regions do not exhibit these traits. The present study investigated the role of perilesional reactive astrocytes (PRAs) in wound healing using the ablation of reactive astrocytes by the conditional knockout of Stat3. The extensive and non-selective ablation of reactive astrocytes in Nestin-Cre:Stat3f/f mice resulted in an exacerbation of injury, marked by increased inflammation and BBB disruption. On the other hand, GFAP-CreERT2:Stat3f/f mice exhibited the partial and selective ablation of the PRAs, while their exacerbation of injury was at the same extent as in Nestin-Cre:Stat3f/f mice. The comparison of these two mouse strains indicates that the PRAs are an essential astrocyte component for wound healing after closed-head injury, and their anti-inflammatory and regenerative functions are significantly affected even by incomplete accumulation. In addition, the reporter gene expression in the PRAs by GFAP-CreERT2 indicated a substantial elimination of these cells and an absence of differentiation into other cell types, despite Nestin expression, after wound healing. Thus, the accumulation and subsequent elimination of PRA are proposed as promising diagnostic and therapeutic avenues to bolster wound healing after closed-head injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Sawant
- Biomolecular Organization, Department of Biology, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Airi Watanabe
- Biomolecular Organization, Department of Biology, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Haruna Ueda
- Biomolecular Organization, Department of Biology, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Morita
- Biomolecular Organization, Department of Biology, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan; Application Division, Center of Optical Scattering Image Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan.
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12
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Dana H. Accelerating protein sensor optimization with machine learning. NATURE COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE 2024; 4:165-166. [PMID: 38532136 DOI: 10.1038/s43588-024-00612-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Hod Dana
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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13
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Hsiang JC, Shen N, Soto F, Kerschensteiner D. Distributed feature representations of natural stimuli across parallel retinal pathways. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1920. [PMID: 38429280 PMCID: PMC10907388 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46348-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
How sensory systems extract salient features from natural environments and organize them across neural pathways is unclear. Combining single-cell and population two-photon calcium imaging in mice, we discover that retinal ON bipolar cells (second-order neurons of the visual system) are divided into two blocks of four types. The two blocks distribute temporal and spatial information encoding, respectively. ON bipolar cell axons co-stratify within each block, but separate laminarly between them (upper block: diverse temporal, uniform spatial tuning; lower block: diverse spatial, uniform temporal tuning). ON bipolar cells extract temporal and spatial features similarly from artificial and naturalistic stimuli. In addition, they differ in sensitivity to coherent motion in naturalistic movies. Motion information is distributed across ON bipolar cells in the upper and the lower blocks, multiplexed with temporal and spatial contrast, independent features of natural scenes. Comparing the responses of different boutons within the same arbor, we find that axons of all ON bipolar cell types function as computational units. Thus, our results provide insights into the visual feature extraction from naturalistic stimuli and reveal how structural and functional organization cooperate to generate parallel ON pathways for temporal and spatial information in the mammalian retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Chun Hsiang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ning Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Florentina Soto
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Daniel Kerschensteiner
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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14
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Jo-Watanabe A, Inaba T, Osada T, Hashimoto R, Nishizawa T, Okuno T, Ihara S, Touhara K, Hattori N, Oh-Hora M, Nureki O, Yokomizo T. Bicarbonate signalling via G protein-coupled receptor regulates ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1530. [PMID: 38413581 PMCID: PMC10899177 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45579-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Homoeostatic regulation of the acid-base balance is essential for cellular functional integrity. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism through which the acid-base balance regulates cellular responses. Here, we report that bicarbonate ions activate a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), i.e., GPR30, which leads to Gq-coupled calcium responses. Gpr30-Venus knock-in mice reveal predominant expression of GPR30 in brain mural cells. Primary culture and fresh isolation of brain mural cells demonstrate bicarbonate-induced, GPR30-dependent calcium responses. GPR30-deficient male mice are protected against ischemia-reperfusion injury by a rapid blood flow recovery. Collectively, we identify a bicarbonate-sensing GPCR in brain mural cells that regulates blood flow and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Our results provide a perspective on the modulation of GPR30 signalling in the development of innovative therapies for ischaemic stroke. Moreover, our findings provide perspectives on acid/base sensing GPCRs, concomitantly modulating cellular responses depending on fluctuating ion concentrations under the acid-base homoeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airi Jo-Watanabe
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
- AMED-PRIME, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan.
| | - Toshiki Inaba
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takahiro Osada
- Department of Neurophysiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ryota Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Biomedical Research Core Facilities, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nishizawa
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Okuno
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Sayoko Ihara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kazushige Touhara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Collaborative Laboratory, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Oh-Hora
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Biomedical Research Core Facilities, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Osamu Nureki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokomizo
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
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15
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Sanchez C, Ramirez A, Hodgson L. Unravelling molecular dynamics in living cells: Fluorescent protein biosensors for cell biology. J Microsc 2024. [PMID: 38357769 PMCID: PMC11324865 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Genetically encoded, fluorescent protein (FP)-based Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensors are microscopy imaging tools tailored for the precise monitoring and detection of molecular dynamics within subcellular microenvironments. They are characterised by their ability to provide an outstanding combination of spatial and temporal resolutions in live-cell microscopy. In this review, we begin by tracing back on the historical development of genetically encoded FP labelling for detection in live cells, which lead us to the development of early biosensors and finally to the engineering of single-chain FRET-based biosensors that have become the state-of-the-art today. Ultimately, this review delves into the fundamental principles of FRET and the design strategies underpinning FRET-based biosensors, discusses their diverse applications and addresses the distinct challenges associated with their implementation. We place particular emphasis on single-chain FRET biosensors for the Rho family of guanosine triphosphate hydrolases (GTPases), pointing to their historical role in driving our understanding of the molecular dynamics of this important class of signalling proteins and revealing the intricate relationships and regulatory mechanisms that comprise Rho GTPase biology in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colline Sanchez
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Andrea Ramirez
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Louis Hodgson
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
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16
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Chen W, Motsinger MM, Li J, Bohannon KP, Hanson PI. Ca 2+ -sensor ALG-2 engages ESCRTs to enhance lysosomal membrane resilience to osmotic stress. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.04.578682. [PMID: 38352356 PMCID: PMC10862787 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.04.578682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Lysosomes are central players in cellular catabolism, signaling, and metabolic regulation. Cellular and environmental stresses that damage lysosomal membranes can compromise their function and release toxic content into the cytoplasm. Here, we examine how cells respond to osmotic stress within lysosomes. Using sensitive assays of lysosomal leakage and rupture, we examine acute effects of the cathepsin C-metabolized osmotic disruptant glycyl-L-phenylalanine 2-naphthylamide (GPN). Our findings reveal that widely used concentrations of GPN rupture only a small fraction of lysosomes, but surprisingly trigger Ca 2+ release from nearly all. Chelating cytoplasmic Ca 2+ using BAPTA makes lysosomes more likely to rupture under GPN-induced stress, suggesting that Ca 2+ plays a role in protecting or rapidly repairing lysosomal membranes. Mechanistically, we establish that GPN causes the Ca 2+ -sensitive protein Apoptosis Linked Gene-2 (ALG-2) and interacting ESCRT proteins to redistribute onto lysosomes, improving their resistance to membrane stress created by GPN as well as the lysosomotropic drug chlorpromazine. Furthermore, we show that activating the cation channel TRPML1, with or without blocking the endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ pump, creates local Ca 2+ signals that protect lysosomes from rupture by recruiting ALG-2 and ESCRTs without any membrane damage. These findings reveal that Ca 2+ , through ALG-2, helps bring ESCRTs to lysosomes to enhance their resilience and maintain organelle integrity in the face of osmotic stress. SIGNIFICANCE As the degradative hub of the cell, lysosomes are full of toxic content that can spill into the cytoplasm. There has been much recent interest in how cells sense and repair lysosomal membrane damage using ESCRTs and cholesterol to rapidly fix "nanoscale damage". Here, we extend understanding of how ESCRTs contribute by uncovering a preventative role of the ESCRT machinery. We show that ESCRTs, when recruited by the Ca 2+ -sensor ALG-2, play a critical role in stabilizing the lysosomal membrane against osmotically-induced rupture. This finding suggests that cells have mechanisms not just for repairing but also for actively protecting lysosomes from stress-induced membrane damage.
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17
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Ninomiya K, Ohta K, Kawasaki U, Chiba S, Inoue T, Kuranaga E, Ohashi K, Mizuno K. Calcium influx promotes PLEKHG4B localization to cell-cell junctions and regulates the integrity of junctional actin filaments. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar24. [PMID: 38088892 PMCID: PMC10881155 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-05-0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
PLEKHG4B is a Cdc42-targeting guanine-nucleotide exchange factor implicated in forming epithelial cell-cell junctions. Here we explored the mechanism regulating PLEKHG4B localization. PLEKHG4B localized to the basal membrane in normal Ca2+ medium but accumulated at cell-cell junctions upon ionomycin treatment. Ionomycin-induced junctional localization of PLEKHG4B was suppressed upon disrupting its annexin-A2 (ANXA2)-binding ability. Thus, Ca2+ influx and ANXA2 binding are crucial for PLEKHG4B localization to cell-cell junctions. Treatments with low Ca2+ or BAPTA-AM (an intracellular Ca2+ chelator) suppressed PLEKHG4B localization to the basal membrane. Mutations of the phosphoinositide-binding motif in the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of PLEKHG4B or masking of membrane phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] suppressed PLEKHG4B localization to the basal membrane, indicating that basal membrane localization of PLEKHG4B requires suitable intracellular Ca2+ levels and PI(4,5)P2 binding of the PH domain. Activation of mechanosensitive ion channels (MSCs) promoted PLEKHG4B localization to cell-cell junctions, and their inhibition suppressed it. Moreover, similar to the PLEKHG4B knockdown phenotypes, inhibition of MSCs or treatment with BAPTA-AM disturbed the integrity of actin filaments at cell-cell junctions. Taken together, our results suggest that Ca2+ influx plays crucial roles in PLEKHG4B localization to cell-cell junctions and the integrity of junctional actin organization, with MSCs contributing to this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komaki Ninomiya
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
- Laboratory for Histogenetic Dynamics, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kai Ohta
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Ukyo Kawasaki
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Shuhei Chiba
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takanari Inoue
- Department of Cell Biology and Center for Cell Dynamics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Erina Kuranaga
- Laboratory for Histogenetic Dynamics, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
- Laboratory for Histogenetic Dynamics, Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606‑8304, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Ohashi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kensaku Mizuno
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
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18
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Shi J, Chen X, Zhang Y, Shi T, Zhang R, Zhu S, Zong X, Wang C, Li L. A Stable Cell Line Co-expressing hTRPV1 and GCaMP6s: A Novel Cell-based Assay For High-throughput Screening of hTRPV1 Agonists. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:298-306. [PMID: 37171000 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230511143259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) is a non-selective cation channel capable of integrating various noxious chemical and physical stimuli. Recently, human TRPV1 (hTRPV1) has attracted wide attention from researchers because it is closely related to pain, inflammation, temperature perception, and tumors. Our study was aimed at generating a stable cell line co-expressing hTRPV1 receptor and GCaMP6s calcium indicator protein and, based on this, developing high-throughput screening methods for targeting hTRPV1 agonists. METHODS The CHO-hTRPV1-GCaMP6s cell line stably expressing hTRPV1 and GCaMP6s was generated by co-transfection of hTRPV1 and GCaMP6s into Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The high-throughput screening methods were developed based on detecting the concentration of intracellular calcium ions ([Ca2+]i) by using chemically synthesized dyes and genetically encoded calcium indicator (GECI). Meanwhile, the sensitivity and adaptability of these methods in the evaluation of capsaicinoids were also compared. RESULTS A stable cell line co-expressing hTRPV1 and GCaMP6s was generated and used to establish a functional high-throughput screening assay based on the measurement of [Ca2+]i by fluorometric imaging plate reader (FLIPR). The GECI exhibited a higher sensitivity and applicability than that of chemically synthesized dyes in detecting the changes in [Ca2+]i induced by capsaicin. The CHO-hTRPV1-GCaMP6s cell line was further used to detect the dose-dependent relationships of various hTRPV1 agonists (comparison of EC50 values: capsaicin (39 ± 1.67 nM) < nonivamide (67 ± 3.05 nM) < piperine (9222 ± 1851 nM)), and this order is consistent with the pharmacological properties of hTRPV1 activation by these agonists. CONCLUSION The successful establishment of the CHO-hTRPV1-GCaMP6s cell lines and their application in high-throughput screening of hTRPV1 agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Shi
- Department of Laboratory of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilians, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Xuejun Chen
- Department of Laboratory of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilians, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Laboratory of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilians, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Tong Shi
- Department of Laboratory of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilians, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Ruihua Zhang
- Department of Laboratory of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilians, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Siqing Zhu
- Department of Laboratory of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilians, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Xingxing Zong
- Department of Laboratory of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilians, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Laboratory of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilians, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Liqin Li
- Department of Laboratory of Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilians, Beijing, 102205, China
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19
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Zboray K, Toth AV, Miskolczi TD, Pesti K, Casanova E, Kreidl E, Mike A, Szenes Á, Sági L, Lukacs P. High-throughput ligand profile characterization in novel cell lines expressing seven heterologous insect olfactory receptors for the detection of volatile plant biomarkers. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21757. [PMID: 38066004 PMCID: PMC10709440 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47455-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Agriculturally important crop plants emit a multitude of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are excellent indicators of their health status and their interactions with pathogens and pests. In this study, we have developed a novel cellular olfactory panel for detecting fungal pathogen-related VOCs we had identified in the field, as well as during controlled inoculations of several crop plants. The olfactory panel consists of seven stable HEK293 cell lines each expressing a functional Drosophila olfactory receptor as a biosensing element along with GCaMP6, a fluorescent calcium indicator protein. An automated 384-well microplate reader was used to characterize the olfactory receptor cell lines for their sensitivity to reference VOCs. Subsequently, we profiled a set of 66 VOCs on all cell lines, covering a concentration range from 1 to 100 μM. Results showed that 49 VOCs (74.2%) elicited a response in at least one olfactory receptor cell line. Some VOCs activated the cell lines even at nanomolar (ppb) concentrations. The interaction profiles obtained here will support the development of biosensors for agricultural applications. Additionally, the olfactory receptor proteins can be purified from these cell lines with sufficient yields for further processing, such as structure determination or integration with sensor devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Zboray
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
- TetraLab Ltd., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adam V Toth
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
- Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tímea D Miskolczi
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
- Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Pesti
- TetraLab Ltd., Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Emilio Casanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Emanuel Kreidl
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Novartis AG, 6336, Langkampfen, Austria
| | - Arpad Mike
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
- Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Áron Szenes
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Sági
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Peter Lukacs
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary.
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Martonvásár, Hungary.
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20
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Mukai Y, Okubo TS, Lazarus M, Ono D, Tanaka KF, Yamanaka A. Prostaglandin E 2 Induces Long-Lasting Inhibition of Noradrenergic Neurons in the Locus Coeruleus and Moderates the Behavioral Response to Stressors. J Neurosci 2023; 43:7982-7999. [PMID: 37734949 PMCID: PMC10669809 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0353-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal activity is modulated not only by inputs from other neurons but also by various factors, such as bioactive substances. Noradrenergic (NA) neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC-NA neurons) are involved in diverse physiological functions, including sleep/wakefulness and stress responses. Previous studies have identified various substances and receptors that modulate LC-NA neuronal activity through techniques including electrophysiology, calcium imaging, and single-cell RNA sequencing. However, many substances with unknown physiological significance have been overlooked. Here, we established an efficient screening method for identifying substances that modulate LC-NA neuronal activity through intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) imaging using brain slices. Using both sexes of mice, we screened 53 bioactive substances, and identified five novel substances: gastrin-releasing peptide, neuromedin U, and angiotensin II, which increase [Ca2+]i, and pancreatic polypeptide and prostaglandin D2, which decrease [Ca2+]i Among them, neuromedin U induced the greatest response in female mice. In terms of the duration of [Ca2+]i change, we focused on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), since it induces a long-lasting decrease in [Ca2+]i via the EP3 receptor. Conditional knock-out of the receptor in LC-NA neurons resulted in increased depression-like behavior, prolonged wakefulness in the dark period, and increased [Ca2+]i after stress exposure. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of our screening method for identifying substances that modulate a specific neuronal population in an unbiased manner and suggest that stress-induced prostaglandin E2 can suppress LC-NA neuronal activity to moderate the behavioral response to stressors. Our screening method will contribute to uncovering previously unknown physiological functions of uncharacterized bioactive substances in specific neuronal populations.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Bioactive substances modulate the activity of specific neuronal populations. However, since only a limited number of substances with predicted effects have been investigated, many substances that may modulate neuronal activity have gone unrecognized. Here, we established an unbiased method for identifying modulatory substances by measuring the intracellular calcium signal, which reflects neuronal activity. We examined noradrenergic (NA) neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC-NA neurons), which are involved in diverse physiological functions. We identified five novel substances that modulate LC-NA neuronal activity. We also found that stress-induced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) may suppress LC-NA neuronal activity and influence behavioral outcomes. Our screening method will help uncover previously overlooked functions of bioactive substances and provide insight into unrecognized roles of specific neuronal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutaka Mukai
- Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
- Department of Neural Regulation, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tatsuo S Okubo
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Michael Lazarus
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS) and Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ono
- Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
- Department of Neural Regulation, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kenji F Tanaka
- Division of Brain Sciences, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yamanaka
- Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
- Department of Neural Regulation, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
- Division of Brain Sciences, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
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21
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Hussain R, Tithof J, Wang W, Cheetham-West A, Song W, Peng W, Sigurdsson B, Kim D, Sun Q, Peng S, Plá V, Kelley DH, Hirase H, Castorena-Gonzalez JA, Weikop P, Goldman SA, Davis MJ, Nedergaard M. Potentiating glymphatic drainage minimizes post-traumatic cerebral oedema. Nature 2023; 623:992-1000. [PMID: 37968397 PMCID: PMC11216305 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06737-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral oedema is associated with morbidity and mortality after traumatic brain injury (TBI)1. Noradrenaline levels are increased after TBI2-4, and the amplitude of the increase in noradrenaline predicts both the extent of injury5 and the likelihood of mortality6. Glymphatic impairment is both a feature of and a contributor to brain injury7,8, but its relationship with the injury-associated surge in noradrenaline is unclear. Here we report that acute post-traumatic oedema results from a suppression of glymphatic and lymphatic fluid flow that occurs in response to excessive systemic release of noradrenaline. This post-TBI adrenergic storm was associated with reduced contractility of cervical lymphatic vessels, consistent with diminished return of glymphatic and lymphatic fluid to the systemic circulation. Accordingly, pan-adrenergic receptor inhibition normalized central venous pressure and partly restored glymphatic and cervical lymphatic flow in a mouse model of TBI, and these actions led to substantially reduced brain oedema and improved functional outcomes. Furthermore, post-traumatic inhibition of adrenergic signalling boosted lymphatic export of cellular debris from the traumatic lesion, substantially reducing secondary inflammation and accumulation of phosphorylated tau. These observations suggest that targeting the noradrenergic control of central glymphatic flow may offer a therapeutic approach for treating acute TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashad Hussain
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Jeffrey Tithof
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | - Wei Song
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Weiguo Peng
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Björn Sigurdsson
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daehyun Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Qian Sun
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Sisi Peng
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Virginia Plá
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Douglas H Kelley
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Hajime Hirase
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Pia Weikop
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steven A Goldman
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael J Davis
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Maiken Nedergaard
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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22
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Yoshida K, Kato D, Sugio S, Takeda I, Wake H. Activity-dependent oligodendrocyte calcium dynamics and their changes in Alzheimer's disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1154196. [PMID: 38026691 PMCID: PMC10644703 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1154196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes (OCs) form myelin around axons, which is dependent on neuronal activity. This activity-dependent myelination plays a crucial role in training and learning. Previous studies have suggested that neuronal activity regulates proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and myelination. In addition, deficient activity-dependent myelination results in impaired motor learning. However, the functional response of OC responsible for neuronal activity and their pathological changes is not fully elucidated. In this research, we aimed to understand the activity-dependent OC responses and their different properties by observing OCs using in vivo two-photon microscopy. We clarified that the Ca2+ activity in OCs is neuronal activity dependent and differentially regulated by neurotransmitters such as glutamate or adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Furthermore, in 5-month-old mice models of Alzheimer's disease, a period before the appearance of behavioral abnormalities, the elevated Ca2+ responses in OCs are ATP dependent, suggesting that OCs receive ATP from damaged tissue. We anticipate that our research will help in determining the correct therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases beyond the synapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Yoshida
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kato
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Multicellular Circuit Dynamics, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institute of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Shouta Sugio
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Multicellular Circuit Dynamics, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institute of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Ikuko Takeda
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Multicellular Circuit Dynamics, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institute of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Wake
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Multicellular Circuit Dynamics, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institute of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
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23
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Ghosh S, Yang R, Duraki D, Zhu J, Kim JE, Jabeen M, Mao C, Dai X, Livezey MR, Boudreau MW, Park BH, Nelson ER, Hergenrother PJ, Shapiro DJ. Plasma Membrane Channel TRPM4 Mediates Immunogenic Therapy-Induced Necrosis. Cancer Res 2023; 83:3115-3130. [PMID: 37522838 PMCID: PMC10635591 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Several emerging therapies kill cancer cells primarily by inducing necrosis. As necrosis activates immune cells, potentially, uncovering the molecular drivers of anticancer therapy-induced necrosis could reveal approaches for enhancing immunotherapy efficacy. To identify necrosis-associated genes, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screen with negative selection against necrosis-inducing preclinical agents BHPI and conducted follow-on experiments with ErSO. The screen identified transient receptor potential melastatin member 4 (TRPM4), a calcium-activated, ATP-inhibited, sodium-selective plasma membrane channel. Cancer cells selected for resistance to BHPI and ErSO exhibited robust TRPM4 downregulation, and TRPM4 reexpression restored sensitivity to ErSO. Notably, TRPM4 knockout (TKO) abolished ErSO-induced regression of breast tumors in mice. Supporting a broad role for TRPM4 in necrosis, knockout of TRPM4 reversed cell death induced by four additional diverse necrosis-inducing cancer therapies. ErSO induced anticipatory unfolded protein response (a-UPR) hyperactivation, long-term necrotic cell death, and release of damage-associated molecular patterns that activated macrophages and increased monocyte migration, all of which was abolished by TKO. Furthermore, loss of TRPM4 suppressed the ErSO-induced increase in cell volume and depletion of ATP. These data suggest that ErSO triggers initial activation of the a-UPR but that it is TRPM4-mediated sodium influx and cell swelling, resulting in osmotic stress, which sustains and propagates lethal a-UPR hyperactivation. Thus, TRPM4 plays a pivotal role in sustaining lethal a-UPR hyperactivation that mediates the anticancer activity of diverse necrosis-inducing therapies. SIGNIFICANCE A genome-wide CRISPR screen reveals a pivotal role for TRPM4 in cell death and immune activation following treatment with diverse necrosis-inducing anticancer therapies, which could facilitate development of necrosis-based cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Ghosh
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Rachel Yang
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Darjan Duraki
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Junyao Zhu
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Musarrat Jabeen
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Chengjian Mao
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Xinyi Dai
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Mara R. Livezey
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, MI 48221, USA (present address)
| | - Matthew W. Boudreau
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215 (present address)
| | - Ben H. Park
- Vanderbilt University College of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Erik R. Nelson
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Paul J. Hergenrother
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - David J. Shapiro
- Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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24
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Kohsaka H. Linking neural circuits to the mechanics of animal behavior in Drosophila larval locomotion. Front Neural Circuits 2023; 17:1175899. [PMID: 37711343 PMCID: PMC10499525 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2023.1175899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The motions that make up animal behavior arise from the interplay between neural circuits and the mechanical parts of the body. Therefore, in order to comprehend the operational mechanisms governing behavior, it is essential to examine not only the underlying neural network but also the mechanical characteristics of the animal's body. The locomotor system of fly larvae serves as an ideal model for pursuing this integrative approach. By virtue of diverse investigation methods encompassing connectomics analysis and quantification of locomotion kinematics, research on larval locomotion has shed light on the underlying mechanisms of animal behavior. These studies have elucidated the roles of interneurons in coordinating muscle activities within and between segments, as well as the neural circuits responsible for exploration. This review aims to provide an overview of recent research on the neuromechanics of animal locomotion in fly larvae. We also briefly review interspecific diversity in fly larval locomotion and explore the latest advancements in soft robots inspired by larval locomotion. The integrative analysis of animal behavior using fly larvae could establish a practical framework for scrutinizing the behavior of other animal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kohsaka
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Complexity Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
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25
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Kimura S, Takeda K. Generalization of generative model for neuronal ensemble inference method. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287708. [PMID: 37368916 PMCID: PMC10298798 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Various brain functions that are necessary to maintain life activities materialize through the interaction of countless neurons. Therefore, it is important to analyze functional neuronal network. To elucidate the mechanism of brain function, many studies are being actively conducted on functional neuronal ensemble and hub, including all areas of neuroscience. In addition, recent study suggests that the existence of functional neuronal ensembles and hubs contributes to the efficiency of information processing. For these reasons, there is a demand for methods to infer functional neuronal ensembles from neuronal activity data, and methods based on Bayesian inference have been proposed. However, there is a problem in modeling the activity in Bayesian inference. The features of each neuron's activity have non-stationarity depending on physiological experimental conditions. As a result, the assumption of stationarity in Bayesian inference model impedes inference, which leads to destabilization of inference results and degradation of inference accuracy. In this study, we extend the range of the variable for expressing the neuronal state, and generalize the likelihood of the model for extended variables. By comparing with the previous study, our model can express the neuronal state in larger space. This generalization without restriction of the binary input enables us to perform soft clustering and apply the method to non-stationary neuroactivity data. In addition, for the effectiveness of the method, we apply the developed method to multiple synthetic fluorescence data generated from the electrical potential data in leaky integrated-and-fire model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Kimura
- Department of Mechanics Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Koujin Takeda
- Department of Mechanics Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
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26
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Akbar L, Castillo VCG, Olorocisimo JP, Ohta Y, Kawahara M, Takehara H, Haruta M, Tashiro H, Sasagawa K, Ohsawa M, Akay YM, Akay M, Ohta J. Multi-Region Microdialysis Imaging Platform Revealed Dorsal Raphe Nucleus Calcium Signaling and Serotonin Dynamics during Nociceptive Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076654. [PMID: 37047627 PMCID: PMC10094999 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this research, we combined our ultralight micro-imaging device for calcium imaging with microdialysis to simultaneously visualize neural activity in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and measure serotonin release in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Using this platform, we observed brain activity following nociception induced by formalin injection in the mouse’s hind paw. Our device showed that DRN fluorescence intensity increased after formalin injection, and the increase was highly correlated with the elevation in serotonin release in both the CeA and ACC. The increase in calcium fluorescence intensity occurred during the acute and inflammatory phases, which suggests the biphasic response of nociceptive pain. Furthermore, we found that the increase in fluorescence intensity was positively correlated with mouse licking behavior. Lastly, we compared the laterality of pain stimulation and found that DRN fluorescence activity was higher for contralateral stimulation. Microdialysis showed that CeA serotonin concentration increased only after contralateral stimulation, while ACC serotonin release responded bilaterally. In conclusion, our study not only revealed the inter-regional serotonergic connection among the DRN, the CeA, and the ACC, but also demonstrated that our device is feasible for multi-site implantation in conjunction with a microdialysis system, allowing the simultaneous multi-modal observation of different regions in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latiful Akbar
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0101, Japan
| | - Virgil Christian Garcia Castillo
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0101, Japan
| | - Joshua Philippe Olorocisimo
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0101, Japan
| | - Yasumi Ohta
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0101, Japan
| | - Mamiko Kawahara
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0101, Japan
| | - Hironari Takehara
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0101, Japan
| | - Makito Haruta
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0101, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tashiro
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0101, Japan
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Sasagawa
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0101, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ohsawa
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yasemin M. Akay
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Houston, 3517 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Metin Akay
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Houston, 3517 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Jun Ohta
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0101, Japan
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27
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Krueger TD, Tang L, Fang C. Delineating Ultrafast Structural Dynamics of a Green-Red Fluorescent Protein for Calcium Sensing. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13020218. [PMID: 36831983 PMCID: PMC9954042 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent proteins (FPs) are indispensable tools for noninvasive bioimaging and sensing. Measuring the free cellular calcium (Ca2+) concentrations in vivo with genetically encodable FPs can be a relatively direct measure of neuronal activity due to the complex signaling role of these ions. REX-GECO1 is a recently developed red-green emission and excitation ratiometric FP-based biosensor that achieves a high dynamic range due to differences in the chromophore response to light excitation with and without calcium ions. Using steady-state electronic measurements (UV/Visible absorption and emission), along with time-resolved spectroscopic techniques including femtosecond transient absorption (fs-TA) and femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (FSRS), the potential energy surfaces of these unique biosensors are unveiled with vivid details. The ground-state structural characterization of the Ca2+-free biosensor via FSRS reveals a more spacious protein pocket that allows the chromophore to efficiently twist and reach a dark state. In contrast, the more compressed cavity within the Ca2+-bound biosensor results in a more heterogeneous distribution of chromophore populations that results in multi-step excited state proton transfer (ESPT) pathways on the sub-140 fs, 600 fs, and 3 ps timescales. These results enable rational design strategies to enlarge the spectral separation between the protonated/deprotonated forms and the Stokes shift leading to a larger dynamic range and potentially higher fluorescence quantum yield, which should be broadly applicable to the calcium imaging and biosensor communities.
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28
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Yamanaka T, Ueki T, Mase M, Inoue K. Arbitrary Ca 2+ regulation for endothelial nitric oxide, NFAT and NF-κB activities by an optogenetic approach. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1076116. [PMID: 36703743 PMCID: PMC9871596 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1076116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern western dietary habits and low physical activity cause metabolic abnormalities and abnormally elevated levels of metabolites such as low-density lipoprotein, which can lead to immune cell activation, and inflammatory reactions, and atherosclerosis. Appropriate stimulation of vascular endothelial cells can confer protective responses against inflammatory reactions and atherosclerotic conditions. This study aims to determine whether a designed optogenetic approach is capable of affecting functional changes in vascular endothelial cells and to evaluate its potential for therapeutic regulation of vascular inflammatory responses in vitro. We employed a genetically engineered, blue light-activated Ca2+ channel switch molecule that utilizes an endogenous store-operated calcium entry system and induces intracellular Ca2+ influx through blue light irradiation and observed an increase in intracellular Ca2+ in vascular endothelial cells. Ca2+-dependent activation of the nuclear factor of activated T cells and nitric oxide production were also detected. Microarray analysis of Ca2+-induced changes in vascular endothelial cells explored several genes involved in cellular contractility and inflammatory responses. Indeed, there was an increase in the gene expression of molecules related to anti-inflammatory and vasorelaxant effects. Thus, a combination of human blue light-activated Ca2+ channel switch 2 (hBACCS2) and blue light possibly attenuates TNFα-induced inflammatory NF-κB activity. We propose that extrinsic cellular Ca2+ regulation could be a novel approach against vascular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyasu Yamanaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Ueki
- Department of Integrative Anatomy, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mitsuhito Mase
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koichi Inoue
- Department of Integrative Anatomy, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan,*Correspondence: Koichi Inoue,
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29
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Katoh TA, Omori T, Mizuno K, Sai X, Minegishi K, Ikawa Y, Nishimura H, Itabashi T, Kajikawa E, Hiver S, Iwane AH, Ishikawa T, Okada Y, Nishizaka T, Hamada H. Immotile cilia mechanically sense the direction of fluid flow for left-right determination. Science 2023; 379:66-71. [PMID: 36603091 DOI: 10.1126/science.abq8148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Immotile cilia at the ventral node of mouse embryos are required for sensing leftward fluid flow that breaks left-right symmetry of the body. However, the flow-sensing mechanism has long remained elusive. In this work, we show that immotile cilia at the node undergo asymmetric deformation along the dorsoventral axis in response to the flow. Application of mechanical stimuli to immotile cilia by optical tweezers induced calcium ion transients and degradation of Dand5 messenger RNA (mRNA) in the targeted cells. The Pkd2 channel protein was preferentially localized to the dorsal side of immotile cilia, and calcium ion transients were preferentially induced by mechanical stimuli directed toward the ventral side. Our results uncover the biophysical mechanism by which immotile cilia at the node sense the direction of fluid flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanobu A Katoh
- Laboratory for Organismal Patterning, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Omori
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba Aramaki, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Mizuno
- Laboratory for Organismal Patterning, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Xiaorei Sai
- Laboratory for Organismal Patterning, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Katsura Minegishi
- Laboratory for Organismal Patterning, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yayoi Ikawa
- Laboratory for Organismal Patterning, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Nishimura
- Laboratory for Organismal Patterning, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Itabashi
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Eriko Kajikawa
- Laboratory for Organismal Patterning, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Sylvain Hiver
- Laboratory for Organismal Patterning, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Atsuko H Iwane
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takuji Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba Aramaki, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okada
- Laboratory for Cell Polarity Regulation, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Cell Biology and Physics, Universal Biology Institute and International Research Center for Neurointelligence, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nishizaka
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hamada
- Laboratory for Organismal Patterning, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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30
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Yamada S, Wang Y, Monai H. Transcranial cortex-wide Ca 2+ imaging for the functional mapping of cortical dynamics. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1119793. [PMID: 36875638 PMCID: PMC9975744 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1119793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Visualization and tracking of the information flow in the broader brain area are essential because nerve cells make a vast network in the brain. Fluorescence Ca2+ imaging is a simultaneous visualization of brain cell activities in a wide area. Instead of classical chemical indicators, developing various types of transgenic animals that express Ca2+-sensitive fluorescent proteins enables us to observe brain activities in living animals at a larger scale for a long time. Multiple kinds of literature have reported that transcranial imaging of such transgenic animals is practical for monitoring the wide-field information flow across the broad brain regions, although it has a lower spatial resolution. Notably, this technique is helpful for the initial evaluation of cortical function in disease models. This review will introduce fully intact transcranial macroscopic imaging and cortex-wide Ca2+ imaging as practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serika Yamada
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yan Wang
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromu Monai
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan.,Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
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Patel A, Simkulet M, Maity S, Venkatesan M, Matzavinos A, Madesh M, Alevriadou BR. The mitochondrial Ca 2+ uniporter channel synergizes with fluid shear stress to induce mitochondrial Ca 2+ oscillations. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21161. [PMID: 36476944 PMCID: PMC9729216 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25583-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+) uniporter (MCU) channel is responsible for mitochondrial Ca2+ influx. Its expression was found to be upregulated in endothelial cells (ECs) under cardiovascular disease conditions. Since the role of MCU in regulating cytosolic Ca2+ homeostasis in ECs exposed to shear stress (SS) is unknown, we studied mitochondrial Ca2+ dynamics (that is known to decode cytosolic Ca2+ signaling) in sheared ECs. To understand cause-and-effect, we ectopically expressed MCU in ECs. A higher percentage of MCU-transduced ECs exhibited mitochondrial Ca2+ transients/oscillations, and at higher frequency, under SS compared to sheared control ECs. Transients/oscillations correlated with mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) flashes and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) flickers, and depended on activation of the mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel and the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). A positive feedback loop composed of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake/mROS flashes/ΔΨm flickers and endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release, in association with Piezo1 and eNOS, provided insights into the mechanism by which SS, under conditions of high MCU activity, may shape vascular EC energetics and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshar Patel
- grid.273335.30000 0004 1936 9887Vascular Mechanobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Cell, Gene, and Tissue Engineering, University at Buffalo – The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA
| | - Matthew Simkulet
- grid.273335.30000 0004 1936 9887Vascular Mechanobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Cell, Gene, and Tissue Engineering, University at Buffalo – The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA
| | - Soumya Maity
- grid.267309.90000 0001 0629 5880Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
| | - Manigandan Venkatesan
- grid.267309.90000 0001 0629 5880Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
| | - Anastasios Matzavinos
- grid.7870.80000 0001 2157 0406Institute for Mathematical and Computational Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Muniswamy Madesh
- grid.267309.90000 0001 0629 5880Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
| | - B. Rita Alevriadou
- grid.273335.30000 0004 1936 9887Vascular Mechanobiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Cell, Gene, and Tissue Engineering, University at Buffalo – The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA
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Nietz AK, Popa LS, Streng ML, Carter RE, Kodandaramaiah SB, Ebner TJ. Wide-Field Calcium Imaging of Neuronal Network Dynamics In Vivo. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:1601. [PMID: 36358302 PMCID: PMC9687960 DOI: 10.3390/biology11111601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A central tenet of neuroscience is that sensory, motor, and cognitive behaviors are generated by the communications and interactions among neurons, distributed within and across anatomically and functionally distinct brain regions. Therefore, to decipher how the brain plans, learns, and executes behaviors requires characterizing neuronal activity at multiple spatial and temporal scales. This includes simultaneously recording neuronal dynamics at the mesoscale level to understand the interactions among brain regions during different behavioral and brain states. Wide-field Ca2+ imaging, which uses single photon excitation and improved genetically encoded Ca2+ indicators, allows for simultaneous recordings of large brain areas and is proving to be a powerful tool to study neuronal activity at the mesoscopic scale in behaving animals. This review details the techniques used for wide-field Ca2+ imaging and the various approaches employed for the analyses of the rich neuronal-behavioral data sets obtained. Also discussed is how wide-field Ca2+ imaging is providing novel insights into both normal and altered neural processing in disease. Finally, we examine the limitations of the approach and new developments in wide-field Ca2+ imaging that are bringing new capabilities to this important technique for investigating large-scale neuronal dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela K. Nietz
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Laurentiu S. Popa
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Martha L. Streng
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Russell E. Carter
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | - Timothy J. Ebner
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Kleiner FH, Helliwell KE, Chrachri A, Hopes A, Parry-Wilson H, Gaikwad T, Mieszkowska N, Mock T, Wheeler GL, Brownlee C. Cold-induced [Ca2+]cyt elevations function to support osmoregulation in marine diatoms. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:1384-1399. [PMID: 35894667 PMCID: PMC9516774 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms are a group of microalgae that are important primary producers in a range of open ocean, freshwater, and intertidal environments. The latter can experience substantial long- and short-term variability in temperature, from seasonal variations to rapid temperature shifts caused by tidal immersion and emersion. As temperature is a major determinant in the distribution of diatom species, their temperature sensory and response mechanisms likely have important roles in their ecological success. We examined the mechanisms diatoms use to sense rapid changes in temperature, such as those experienced in the intertidal zone. We found that the diatoms Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Thalassiosira pseudonana exhibit a transient cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]cyt) elevation in response to rapid cooling, similar to those observed in plant and animal cells. However, [Ca2+]cyt elevations were not observed in response to rapid warming. The kinetics and magnitude of cold-induced [Ca2+]cyt elevations corresponded with the rate of temperature decrease. We did not find a role for the [Ca2+]cyt elevations in enhancing cold tolerance but showed that cold shock induces a Ca2+-dependent K+ efflux and reduces mortality of P. tricornutum during a simultaneous hypo-osmotic shock. As intertidal diatom species may routinely encounter simultaneous cold and hypo-osmotic shocks during tidal cycles, we propose that cold-induced Ca2+ signaling interacts with osmotic signaling pathways to aid in the regulation of cell volume. Our findings provide insight into the nature of temperature perception in diatoms and highlight that cross-talk between signaling pathways may play an important role in their cellular responses to multiple simultaneous stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friedrich H Kleiner
- The Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK
| | - Katherine E Helliwell
- The Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Abdul Chrachri
- The Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK
| | - Amanda Hopes
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Hannah Parry-Wilson
- The Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK
| | - Trupti Gaikwad
- The Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK
| | - Nova Mieszkowska
- The Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GP, UK
| | - Thomas Mock
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Glen L Wheeler
- The Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK
| | - Colin Brownlee
- The Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK
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Sterin I, Santos AC, Park S. Neuronal Activity Reporters as Drug Screening Platforms. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1500. [PMID: 36144123 PMCID: PMC9504476 DOI: 10.3390/mi13091500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how neuronal activity changes and detecting such changes in both normal and disease conditions is of fundamental importance to the field of neuroscience. Neuronal activity plays important roles in the formation and function of both synapses and circuits, and dysregulation of these processes has been linked to a number of debilitating diseases such as autism, schizophrenia, and epilepsy. Despite advances in our understanding of synapse biology and in how it is altered in disease, the development of therapeutics for these diseases has not advanced apace. Many neuronal activity assays have been developed over the years using a variety of platforms and approaches, but major limitations persist. Current assays, such as fluorescence indicators are not designed to monitor neuronal activity over a long time, they are typically low-throughput or lack sensitivity. These are major barriers to the development of new therapies, as drug screening needs to be both high-throughput to screen through libraries of compounds, and longitudinal to detect any effects that may emerge after continued application of the drug. This review will cover existing assays for measuring neuronal activity and highlight a live-cell assay recently developed. This assay can be performed with easily accessible lab equipment, is both scalable and longitudinal, and can be combined with most other established methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igal Sterin
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Ana C. Santos
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95618, USA
| | - Sungjin Park
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Abstract
Passive priming of prior knowledge to assimilate ongoing experiences underlies advanced cognitive processing. However, the necessary neural dynamics of memory assimilation remains elusive. Uninstructed brain could also show boosted creativity, particularly after idling states, yet it remains unclear whether the idling brain can spontaneously spark relevant knowledge assimilations. We established a paradigm that links/separates context-dependent memories according to geometrical similarities. Mice exploring one of four contexts 1 d before undergoing contextual fear conditioning in a square context showed a gradual fear transfer to preexposed geometrically relevant contexts the next day, but not after 15 min. Anterior cingulate cortex neurons representing relevant, rather than distinct, memories were significantly coreactivated during postconditioning sleep only, before their selective integration the next day during testing. Disrupting sleep coreactivations prevented assimilation while preserving recent memory consolidation. Thus, assimilating pertinent memories during sleep through coreactivation of their respective engrams represents the neural underpinnings of sleep-triggered implicit cortical learning.
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Swanson JL, Chin PS, Romero JM, Srivastava S, Ortiz-Guzman J, Hunt PJ, Arenkiel BR. Advancements in the Quest to Map, Monitor, and Manipulate Neural Circuitry. Front Neural Circuits 2022; 16:886302. [PMID: 35719420 PMCID: PMC9204427 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2022.886302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural circuits and the cells that comprise them represent the functional units of the brain. Circuits relay and process sensory information, maintain homeostasis, drive behaviors, and facilitate cognitive functions such as learning and memory. Creating a functionally-precise map of the mammalian brain requires anatomically tracing neural circuits, monitoring their activity patterns, and manipulating their activity to infer function. Advancements in cell-type-specific genetic tools allow interrogation of neural circuits with increased precision. This review provides a broad overview of recombination-based and activity-driven genetic targeting approaches, contemporary viral tracing strategies, electrophysiological recording methods, newly developed calcium, and voltage indicators, and neurotransmitter/neuropeptide biosensors currently being used to investigate circuit architecture and function. Finally, it discusses methods for acute or chronic manipulation of neural activity, including genetically-targeted cellular ablation, optogenetics, chemogenetics, and over-expression of ion channels. With this ever-evolving genetic toolbox, scientists are continuing to probe neural circuits with increasing resolution, elucidating the structure and function of the incredibly complex mammalian brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Swanson
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Pey-Shyuan Chin
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Juan M. Romero
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Snigdha Srivastava
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Joshua Ortiz-Guzman
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Patrick J. Hunt
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Benjamin R. Arenkiel
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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37
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Matsui T. Calcium wave propagation during cell extrusion. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2022; 76:102083. [PMID: 35487153 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2022.102083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oncogenically transformed or apoptotic cells are removed from epithelial sheets by cell-cell communication between the transformed/apoptotic cells (extruding cells) and the nearest neighboring cells. Cell extrusion is driven by actomyosin contraction and lamellipodial crawling of the nearest neighboring cells. Recent studies have found that distal cell communication also plays a role in cell extrusion. Specifically, distal cells located 3-16 cells away from the extruding cell are coordinated by calcium waves and collectively migrate toward the extruding cell to initiate cell extrusion. Here, I describe how calcium waves are generated and contribute to the extrusion of cells in mammals and zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Matsui
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
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38
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Djenoune L, Berg K, Brueckner M, Yuan S. A change of heart: new roles for cilia in cardiac development and disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2022; 19:211-227. [PMID: 34862511 PMCID: PMC10161238 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-021-00635-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Although cardiac abnormalities have been observed in a growing class of human disorders caused by defective primary cilia, the function of cilia in the heart remains an underexplored area. The primary function of cilia in the heart was long thought to be restricted to left-right axis patterning during embryogenesis. However, new findings have revealed broad roles for cilia in congenital heart disease, valvulogenesis, myocardial fibrosis and regeneration, and mechanosensation. In this Review, we describe advances in our understanding of the mechanisms by which cilia function contributes to cardiac left-right axis development and discuss the latest findings that highlight a broader role for cilia in cardiac development. Specifically, we examine the growing line of evidence connecting cilia function to the pathogenesis of congenital heart disease. Furthermore, we also highlight research from the past 10 years demonstrating the role of cilia function in common cardiac valve disorders, including mitral valve prolapse and aortic valve disease, and describe findings that implicate cardiac cilia in mechanosensation potentially linking haemodynamic and contractile forces with genetic regulation of cardiac development and function. Finally, given the presence of cilia on cardiac fibroblasts, we also explore the potential role of cilia in fibrotic growth and summarize the evidence implicating cardiac cilia in heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Djenoune
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn Berg
- Department of Paediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Martina Brueckner
- Department of Paediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Shiaulou Yuan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Fujii H, Bito H. Deciphering Ca2+-controlled biochemical computation governing neural circuit dynamics via multiplex imaging. Neurosci Res 2022; 179:79-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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40
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Zhou S, Yamashita A, Su J, Zhang Y, Wang W, Hao L, Yamanaka A, Kuwaki T. Activity of putative orexin neurons during cataplexy. Mol Brain 2022; 15:21. [PMID: 35246205 PMCID: PMC8896372 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-022-00907-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
It is unclear why orexin-deficient animals, but not wild-type mice, show cataplexy. The current hypothesis predicts simultaneous excitation of cataplexy-inhibiting orexin neurons and cataplexy-inducing amygdala neurons. To test this hypothesis, we measured the activity of putative orexin neurons in orexin-knockout mice during cataplexy episodes using fiber photometry. We created two animal models of orexin-knockout mice with a GCaMP6 fluorescent indicator expressed in putative orexin neurons. We first prepared orexin-knockout mice crossed with transgenic mice carrying a tetracycline-controlled transactivator transgene under the control of the orexin promoter. TetO-GCaMP6 was then introduced into mice via an adeno-associated virus injection or natural crossing. The resulting two models showed restricted expression of GCaMP6 in the hypothalamus, where orexin neurons should be located, and showed excitation to an intruder stress that was similar to that observed in orexin-intact mice in our previous study. The activity of these putative orexin neurons increased immediately before the onset of cataplexy-like behavior but decreased (approximately − 20% of the baseline) during the cataplexy-like episode. We propose that the activity of orexin neurons during cataplexy is moderately inhibited by an unknown mechanism. The absence of cataplexy in wild-type mice may be explained by basal or residual activity-induced orexin release, and emotional stimulus-induced counter activation of orexin neurons may not be necessary. This study will serve as a basis for better treatment of cataplexy in narcolepsy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Akira Yamashita
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Jingyang Su
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wuyang Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liying Hao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Akihiro Yamanaka
- Department of Neuroscience II, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kuwaki
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan.
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Sakamoto M, Inoue M, Takeuchi A, Kobari S, Yokoyama T, Horigane SI, Takemoto-Kimura S, Abe M, Sakimura K, Kano M, Kitamura K, Fujii H, Bito H. A Flp-dependent G-CaMP9a transgenic mouse for neuronal imaging in vivo. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2022; 2:100168. [PMID: 35474964 PMCID: PMC9017135 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) are widely used to measure calcium transients in neuronal somata and processes, and their use enables the determination of action potential temporal series in a large population of neurons. Here, we generate a transgenic mouse line expressing a highly sensitive green GECI, G-CaMP9a, in a Flp-dependent manner in excitatory and inhibitory neuronal subpopulations downstream of a strong CAG promoter. Combining this reporter mouse with viral or mouse genetic Flp delivery methods produces a robust and stable G-CaMP9a expression in defined neuronal populations without detectable detrimental effects. In vivo two-photon imaging reveals spontaneous and sensory-evoked calcium transients in excitatory and inhibitory ensembles with cellular resolution. Our results show that this reporter line allows long-term, cell-type-specific investigation of neuronal activity with enhanced resolution in defined populations and facilitates dissecting complex dynamics of neural networks in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Sakamoto
- Department of Neurochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Optical Neural and Molecular Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Inoue
- Department of Neurochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Atsuya Takeuchi
- Department of Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Neurophysiology, School of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigetaka Kobari
- Department of Neurochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Yokoyama
- Department of Neurochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Optical Neural and Molecular Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Horigane
- Department of Neurochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Neuroscience I, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
- Department of Molecular/Cellular Neuroscience, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Sayaka Takemoto-Kimura
- Department of Neurochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Department of Neuroscience I, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
- Department of Molecular/Cellular Neuroscience, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Animal Model Development, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakimura
- Department of Animal Model Development, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Masanobu Kano
- Department of Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kitamura
- Department of Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
| | - Hajime Fujii
- Department of Neurochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Bito
- Department of Neurochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Guinto MC, Haruta M, Kurauchi Y, Saigo T, Kurasawa K, Ryu S, Ohta Y, Kawahara M, Takehara H, Tashiro H, Sasagawa K, Katsuki H, Ohta J. Modular head-mounted cortical imaging device for chronic monitoring of intrinsic signals in mice. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2022; 27:026501. [PMID: 35166087 PMCID: PMC8843356 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.27.2.026501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Intrinsic optical signals (IOS) generated in the cortical tissue as a result of various interacting metabolic processes are used extensively to elucidate the underlying mechanisms that govern neurovascular coupling. However, current IOS measurements still often rely on bulky, tabletop imaging systems, and there remains a dearth of studies in freely moving subjects. Lightweight, miniature head-mounted imaging devices provide unique opportunities for investigating cortical dynamics in small animals under a variety of naturalistic behavioral settings. AIM The aim of this work was to monitor IOS in the somatosensory cortex of wild-type mice by developing a lightweight, biocompatible imaging device that readily lends itself to animal experiments in freely moving conditions. APPROACH Herein we describe a method for realizing long-term IOS imaging in mice using a 0.54-g, compact, CMOS-based, head-mounted imager. The two-part module, consisting of a tethered sensor plate and a base plate, allows facile assembly prior to imaging sessions and disassembly when the sensor is not in use. LEDs integrated into the device were chosen to illuminate the cortical mantle at two different wavelengths in the visible regime (λcenter: 535 and 625 nm) for monitoring volume- and oxygenation state-dependent changes in the IOS, respectively. To test whether the system can detect robust cortical responses, we recorded sensory-evoked IOS from mechanical stimulation of the hindlimbs (HL) of anesthetized mice in both acute and long-term implantation conditions. RESULTS Cortical IOS recordings in the primary somatosensory cortex hindlimb receptive field (S1HL) of anesthetized mice under green and red LED illumination revealed robust, multiphasic profiles that were time-locked to the mechanical stimulation of the contralateral plantar hindpaw. Similar intrinsic signal profiles observed in S1HL at 40 days postimplantation demonstrated the viability of the approach for long-term imaging. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the brain tissue did not exhibit appreciable immune response due to the device implantation and operation. A proof-of-principle imaging session in a freely behaving mouse showed minimal locomotor impediment for the animal and also enabled estimation of blood flow speed. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate the utility of a miniature cortical imaging device for monitoring IOS and related hemodynamic processes in both anesthetized and freely moving mice, cueing potential for applications to some neuroscientific studies of sensation and naturalistic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Christian Guinto
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Division of Materials Science, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Makito Haruta
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Division of Materials Science, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Yuki Kurauchi
- Kumamoto University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Taisuke Saigo
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Division of Materials Science, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kurasawa
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Division of Materials Science, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Sumika Ryu
- Kumamoto University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yasumi Ohta
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Division of Materials Science, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Mamiko Kawahara
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Division of Materials Science, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Hironari Takehara
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Division of Materials Science, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tashiro
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Division of Materials Science, Ikoma, Japan
- Kyushu University, Division of Medical Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Sasagawa
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Division of Materials Science, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katsuki
- Kumamoto University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Jun Ohta
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Division of Materials Science, Ikoma, Japan
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Serrat R, Covelo A, Kouskoff V, Delcasso S, Ruiz-Calvo A, Chenouard N, Stella C, Blancard C, Salin B, Julio-Kalajzić F, Cannich A, Massa F, Varilh M, Deforges S, Robin LM, De Stefani D, Busquets-Garcia A, Gambino F, Beyeler A, Pouvreau S, Marsicano G. Astroglial ER-mitochondria calcium transfer mediates endocannabinoid-dependent synaptic integration. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110133. [PMID: 34936875 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular calcium signaling underlies the astroglial control of synaptic transmission and plasticity. Mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contacts (MERCs) are key determinants of calcium dynamics, but their functional impact on astroglial regulation of brain information processing is unexplored. We found that the activation of astrocyte mitochondrial-associated type-1 cannabinoid (mtCB1) receptors determines MERC-dependent intracellular calcium signaling and synaptic integration. The stimulation of mtCB1 receptors promotes calcium transfer from the endoplasmic reticulum to mitochondria through a specific molecular cascade, involving the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU). Physiologically, mtCB1-dependent mitochondrial calcium uptake determines the dynamics of cytosolic calcium events in astrocytes upon endocannabinoid mobilization. Accordingly, electrophysiological recordings in hippocampal slices showed that conditional genetic exclusion of mtCB1 receptors or dominant-negative MCU expression in astrocytes blocks lateral synaptic potentiation, through which astrocytes integrate the activity of distant synapses. Altogether, these data reveal an endocannabinoid link between astroglial MERCs and the regulation of brain network functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Serrat
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, 33077 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France; INRAE, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ana Covelo
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, 33077 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Vladimir Kouskoff
- University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France; Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Sebastien Delcasso
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, 33077 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France; Institut de Biochimie et Genetique Cellulaires, CNRS UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France
| | - Andrea Ruiz-Calvo
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, 33077 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicolas Chenouard
- University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France; Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Carol Stella
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, 33077 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Corinne Blancard
- University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France; Institut de Biochimie et Genetique Cellulaires, CNRS UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France
| | - Benedicte Salin
- University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France; Institut de Biochimie et Genetique Cellulaires, CNRS UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France
| | - Francisca Julio-Kalajzić
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, 33077 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Astrid Cannich
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, 33077 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Federico Massa
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, 33077 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Marjorie Varilh
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, 33077 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Severine Deforges
- University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France; Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Laurie M Robin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, 33077 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Diego De Stefani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Arnau Busquets-Garcia
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, 33077 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Frederic Gambino
- University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France; Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Anna Beyeler
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, 33077 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France
| | - Sandrine Pouvreau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, 33077 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France; Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Giovanni Marsicano
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, 33077 Bordeaux, France; University of Bordeaux, 33077 Bordeaux, France.
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44
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Liu C, Li M, Wang R, Cui X, Jung H, Halin K, You H, Yang X, Chen W. Online Decoding System with Calcium Image From Mice Primary Motor Cortex. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2021; 2021:6402-6405. [PMID: 34892577 DOI: 10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the development of calcium imaging, neuroscientists have been able to study neural activity with a higher spatial resolution. However, the real-time processing of calcium imaging is still a big challenge for future experiments and applications. Most neuroscientists have to process their imaging data offline due to the time-consuming of most existing calcium imaging analysis methods. We proposed a novel online neural signal processing framework for calcium imaging and established an Optical Brain-Computer Interface System (OBCIs) for decoding neural signals in real-time. We tested and evaluated this system by classifying the calcium signals obtained from the primary motor cortex of mice when the mice were performing a lever-pressing task. The performance of our online system could achieve above 80% in the average decoding accuracy. Our preliminary results show that the online neural processing framework could be applied to future closed-loop OBCIs studies.
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45
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Lee FK, Lee JC, Shui B, Reining S, Jibilian M, Small DM, Jones JS, Allan-Rahill NH, Lamont MR, Rizzo MA, Tajada S, Navedo MF, Santana LF, Nishimura N, Kotlikoff MI. Genetically engineered mice for combinatorial cardiovascular optobiology. eLife 2021; 10:67858. [PMID: 34711305 PMCID: PMC8555989 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Optogenetic effectors and sensors provide a novel real-time window into complex physiological processes, enabling determination of molecular signaling processes within functioning cellular networks. However, the combination of these optical tools in mice is made practical by construction of genetic lines that are optically compatible and genetically tractable. We present a new toolbox of 21 mouse lines with lineage-specific expression of optogenetic effectors and sensors for direct biallelic combination, avoiding the multiallelic requirement of Cre recombinase -mediated DNA recombination, focusing on models relevant for cardiovascular biology. Optogenetic effectors (11 lines) or Ca2+ sensors (10 lines) were selectively expressed in cardiac pacemaker cells, cardiomyocytes, vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, alveolar epithelial cells, lymphocytes, glia, and other cell types. Optogenetic effector and sensor function was demonstrated in numerous tissues. Arterial/arteriolar tone was modulated by optical activation of the second messengers InsP3 (optoα1AR) and cAMP (optoß2AR), or Ca2+-permeant membrane channels (CatCh2) in smooth muscle (Acta2) and endothelium (Cdh5). Cardiac activation was separately controlled through activation of nodal/conducting cells or cardiac myocytes. We demonstrate combined effector and sensor function in biallelic mouse crosses: optical cardiac pacing and simultaneous cardiomyocyte Ca2+ imaging in Hcn4BAC-CatCh2/Myh6-GCaMP8 crosses. These experiments highlight the potential of these mice to explore cellular signaling in vivo, in complex tissue networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank K Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
| | - Jane C Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
| | - Bo Shui
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
| | - Shaun Reining
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
| | - Megan Jibilian
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
| | - David M Small
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
| | - Jason S Jones
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
| | | | - Michael Re Lamont
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
| | - Megan A Rizzo
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Sendoa Tajada
- Departments of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Davis, United States
| | - Manuel F Navedo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Luis Fernando Santana
- Departments of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Davis, United States
| | - Nozomi Nishimura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
| | - Michael I Kotlikoff
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
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46
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Torigoe M, Islam T, Kakinuma H, Fung CCA, Isomura T, Shimazaki H, Aoki T, Fukai T, Okamoto H. Zebrafish capable of generating future state prediction error show improved active avoidance behavior in virtual reality. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5712. [PMID: 34588436 PMCID: PMC8481257 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals make decisions under the principle of reward value maximization and surprise minimization. It is still unclear how these principles are represented in the brain and are reflected in behavior. We addressed this question using a closed-loop virtual reality system to train adult zebrafish for active avoidance. Analysis of the neural activity of the dorsal pallium during training revealed neural ensembles assigning rules to the colors of the surrounding walls. Additionally, one third of fish generated another ensemble that becomes activated only when the real perceived scenery shows discrepancy from the predicted favorable scenery. The fish with the latter ensemble escape more efficiently than the fish with the former ensembles alone, even though both fish have successfully learned to escape, consistent with the hypothesis that the latter ensemble guides zebrafish to take action to minimize this prediction error. Our results suggest that zebrafish can use both principles of goal-directed behavior, but with different behavioral consequences depending on the repertoire of the adopted principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makio Torigoe
- Lab. for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision Making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tanvir Islam
- Lab. for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision Making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN CBS-Kao Collaboration Center, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hisaya Kakinuma
- Lab. for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision Making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN CBS-Kao Collaboration Center, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Chi Chung Alan Fung
- Neural Coding and Brain Computing Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Takuya Isomura
- Brain Intelligence Theory Unit, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hideaki Shimazaki
- Center for Human Nature, Artificial Intelligence, and Neuroscience (CHAIN), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Tazu Aoki
- Lab. for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision Making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tomoki Fukai
- Neural Coding and Brain Computing Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okamoto
- Lab. for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision Making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
- RIKEN CBS-Kao Collaboration Center, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
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47
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Zhang XM, Yokoyama T, Sakamoto M. Imaging Voltage with Microbial Rhodopsins. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:738829. [PMID: 34513932 PMCID: PMC8423911 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.738829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane potential is the critical parameter that reflects the excitability of a neuron, and it is usually measured by electrophysiological recordings with electrodes. However, this is an invasive approach that is constrained by the problems of lacking spatial resolution and genetic specificity. Recently, the development of a variety of fluorescent probes has made it possible to measure the activity of individual cells with high spatiotemporal resolution. The adaptation of this technique to image electrical activity in neurons has become an informative method to study neural circuits. Genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) can be used with superior performance to accurately target specific genetic populations and reveal neuronal dynamics on a millisecond scale. Microbial rhodopsins are commonly used as optogenetic actuators to manipulate neuronal activities and to explore the circuit mechanisms of brain function, but they also can be used as fluorescent voltage indicators. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the design and the application of rhodopsin-based GEVIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Min Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tatsushi Yokoyama
- Department of Optical Neural and Molecular Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sakamoto
- Department of Optical Neural and Molecular Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kyoto, Japan
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48
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Yamamori T. Functional visualization and manipulation in the marmoset brain using viral vectors. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2021; 60:11-16. [PMID: 34280704 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The common marmoset, a New World monkey, has a primate-specific cortex with approximately 40 Brodmann areas. Genetically encoded calcium indicator (GECI) techniques have been applied to study the functional organization of the marmoset cortex. The success of GCaMP (a green fluorescent of GECI) imaging and other advances, including optogenetic approaches, provide an interesting and exciting opportunity to study the primate brain at the molecular and cellular levels, leading to an understanding of primate neural circuits. These approaches will help advance our knowledge on cognition in primates, including humans, and therapy for human neurological and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuo Yamamori
- Center for Brain Science, Laboratory for Molecular Analysis of Higher Brain Function, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, 351-0198, Japan.
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49
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Takamura R, Mizuta K, Sekine Y, Islam T, Saito T, Sato M, Ohkura M, Nakai J, Ohshima T, Saido TC, Hayashi Y. Modality-Specific Impairment of Hippocampal CA1 Neurons of Alzheimer's Disease Model Mice. J Neurosci 2021; 41:5315-5329. [PMID: 33980545 PMCID: PMC8211543 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0208-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairment of episodic memory, a class of memory for spatiotemporal context of an event, is an early symptom of Alzheimer's disease. Both spatial and temporal information are encoded and represented in the hippocampal neurons, but how these representations are impaired under amyloid β (Aβ) pathology remains elusive. We performed chronic imaging of the hippocampus in awake male amyloid precursor protein (App) knock-in mice behaving in a virtual reality environment to simultaneously monitor spatiotemporal representations and the progression of Aβ depositions. We found that temporal representation is preserved, whereas spatial representation is significantly impaired in the App knock-in mice. This is because of the overall reduction of active place cells, but not time cells, and compensatory hyperactivation of remaining place cells near Aβ aggregates. These results indicate the differential impact of Aβ aggregates on two major modalities of episodic memory, suggesting different mechanisms for forming and maintaining these two representations in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risa Takamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
- Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kotaro Mizuta
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yukiko Sekine
- Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tanvir Islam
- Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takashi Saito
- Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masaaki Sato
- Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Brain and Body System Science Institute, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Masamichi Ohkura
- Brain and Body System Science Institute, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Junichi Nakai
- Brain and Body System Science Institute, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Toshio Ohshima
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Takaomi C Saido
- Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yasunori Hayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Brain and Body System Science Institute, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
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50
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Lohr C, Beiersdorfer A, Fischer T, Hirnet D, Rotermund N, Sauer J, Schulz K, Gee CE. Using Genetically Encoded Calcium Indicators to Study Astrocyte Physiology: A Field Guide. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:690147. [PMID: 34177468 PMCID: PMC8226001 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.690147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ imaging is the most frequently used technique to study glial cell physiology. While chemical Ca2+ indicators served to visualize and measure changes in glial cell cytosolic Ca2+ concentration for several decades, genetically encoded Ca2+ indicators (GECIs) have become state of the art in recent years. Great improvements have been made since the development of the first GECI and a large number of GECIs with different physical properties exist, rendering it difficult to select the optimal Ca2+ indicator. This review discusses some of the most frequently used GECIs and their suitability for glial cell research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Lohr
- Division of Neurophysiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Timo Fischer
- Division of Neurophysiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Hirnet
- Division of Neurophysiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Natalie Rotermund
- Division of Neurophysiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jessica Sauer
- Division of Neurophysiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kristina Schulz
- Division of Neurophysiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christine E Gee
- Institute of Synaptic Physiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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