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Potel KN, Cornelius VA, Yacoub A, Chokr A, Donaghy CL, Kelaini S, Eleftheriadou M, Margariti A. Effects of non-coding RNAs and RNA-binding proteins on mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1165302. [PMID: 37719978 PMCID: PMC10502732 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1165302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular complications are the main cause of diabetes mellitus-associated morbidity and mortality. Oxidative stress and metabolic dysfunction underly injury to the vascular endothelium and myocardium, resulting in diabetic angiopathy and cardiomyopathy. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been shown to play an important role in cardiomyopathic disruptions of key cellular functions, including energy metabolism and oxidative balance. Both non-coding RNAs and RNA-binding proteins are implicated in diabetic cardiomyopathy, however, their impact on mitochondrial dysfunction in the context of this disease is largely unknown. Elucidating the effects of non-coding RNAs and RNA-binding proteins on mitochondrial pathways in diabetic cardiomyopathy would allow further insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying diabetic vascular complications and could facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies. Stem cell-based models can facilitate the study of non-coding RNAs and RNA-binding proteins and their unique characteristics make them a promising tool to improve our understanding of mitochondrial dysfunction and vascular complications in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koray N. Potel
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria A. Cornelius
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Yacoub
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Ali Chokr
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Clare L. Donaghy
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Sophia Kelaini
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Magdalini Eleftheriadou
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Andriana Margariti
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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2
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Macvanin MT, Gluvic Z, Radovanovic J, Essack M, Gao X, Isenovic ER. Diabetic cardiomyopathy: The role of microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1124613. [PMID: 36950696 PMCID: PMC10025540 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1124613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is on the rise, necessitating the development of novel therapeutic and preventive strategies to mitigate the disease's debilitating effects. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCMP) is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients globally. DCMP manifests as cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, apoptosis, and myocardial interstitial fibrosis before progressing to heart failure. Evidence suggests that non-coding RNAs, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), regulate diabetic cardiomyopathy-related processes such as insulin resistance, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and inflammation, emphasizing their heart-protective effects. This paper reviewed the literature data from animal and human studies on the non-trivial roles of miRNAs and lncRNAs in the context of DCMP in diabetes and demonstrated their future potential in DCMP treatment in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana T. Macvanin
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- *Correspondence: Mirjana T. Macvanin,
| | - Zoran Gluvic
- University Clinical-Hospital Centre Zemun-Belgrade, Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Radovanovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Magbubah Essack
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division, Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xin Gao
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division, Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esma R. Isenovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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3
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Zhao S, Tan Y, Qin J, Xu H, Liu L, Wan H, Zhang C, Fan W, Qu S. MicroRNA-223-3p promotes pyroptosis of cardiomyocyte and release of inflammasome factors via downregulating the expression level of SPI1 (PU.1). Toxicology 2022; 476:153252. [PMID: 35792203 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common heart disease in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), and is sometimes its main cause of death. Among all the causes of DCM, myocardial cell death is considered to be the most basic pathological change. Furthermore, studies have shown that pyroptosis, the pro-inflammatory programmed cell death, contributes to the progress of DCM. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) also have been proved to take part in the formation of DCM. However, it is not clear whether and how miRNAs regulate myocardial cell pyroptosis in DCM development. In our study, the results showed that the expression of miR-223-3p was significantly increased in cardiomyocytes induced by high glucose, whereas the down-regulation of miR-223-3p weakened it. To understand the the signal transduction mechanism of miR-223-3p leading to pyroptosis, we found inhibition of miR-223-3p expression down-reguulated caspase-1, pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and other pyroptosis-associated poteins. Moreover, miR-223-3p repressed SPI1 expression. Furthermore, we silenced SPI1 with siRNA to mimick the effect of miR-223-3p, up-regulating the expression of caspase-1 and resulting to pyroptosis. The above findings inspired us to propose a new signaling pathway to regulate scoria of cardiomyocytes under hyperglycemia: miR-223-3p↑→ SPI1↓→ caspase-1↑ → IL-1β and other pyroptosis-associated poteins↑→ pyroptosis↑. In summary, miR-223-3p could be a potential therapeutic target for DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Zhao
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School,University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Yao Tan
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School,University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Jianning Qin
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School,University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Haiqiang Xu
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School,University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Lingyun Liu
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School,University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Hengquan Wan
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School,University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School,University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Wenjing Fan
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School,University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
| | - Shunlin Qu
- Pathophysiology Department, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School,University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, PR China
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Tur J, Badole SL, Manickam R, Chapalamadugu KC, Xuan W, Guida W, Crews JJ, Bisht KS, Tipparaju SM. Cardioprotective effects of P7C3 in diabetic hearts via Nampt activation.. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2022; 382:233-245. [PMID: 35680376 PMCID: PMC9372916 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.122.001122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with increased cardiac injury and sudden death. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) is an essential enzyme for the NAD+ salvage pathway and dysregulated in diabetes. Hypothesis: Nampt activation results in rescued NADH/NAD+ ratios and provides pharmacological changes necessary for diabetic cardioprotection. Computer docking shows that P7C3 allows for enhanced Nampt dimerization and association. Methods: To test the pharmacological application, we utilized male leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) mice and treated with Nampt activator P7C3 (1-(3,6-Dibromo-carbazol-9-yl)-3-phenylamino-propan-2-ol). The effects of four-week P7C3 treatment on cardiac function were evaluated along with molecular signaling changes for p-AKT, p-eNOS, and SiRT-1. Results: The cardiac function evaluated by ECG and Echo were significantly improved after four-weeks of P7C3 treatment. Biochemically, higher NADH/NAD+ ratio in diabetic heart were rescued by P7C3 treatment. Moreover, activities of Nampt and Sirt1 were significantly increased in P7C3 treated diabetic hearts. P7C3 treatment significantly decreased the blood glucose in diabetic mice with 4-week treatment as noted by glucose tolerance test and fasting blood glucose measurements compared with vehicle treated mice. P7C3 activated Nampt enzymatic activity both in vitro and in the 4-week diabetic mouse hearts demonstrates the specificity of the small molecule. P7C3 treatment significantly enhanced the expression of cardioprotective signaling; p-AKT, p-eNOS, and Beclin 1 in diabetic hearts. Nampt activator P7C3 allows for decreased infarct size with decreased Troponin I and LDH release, which is beneficial to the heart. Conclusions: Overall, the present study shows that P7C3 activates Nampt and Sirt1 activity, decreases NADH/NAD+ ratio, resulting in improved biochemical signaling providing cardioprotection. Significance Statement We show that P7C3 is effective in the treatment of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The novel small molecule is anti-arrhythmic and improves the ejection fraction in diabetic hearts. The study demonstrates that P7C3 decreases the infarct size in heart during myocardial infarction and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Biochemical and cellular signaling show increased NAD+ levels, along with Nampt activity involved in upregulating protective signaling in the diabetic heart. Based on the cardioprotective properties P7C3 has high therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared Tur
- University of South Florida, United States
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5
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Yang D, Deschênes I, Fu JD. Multilayer control of cardiac electrophysiology by microRNAs. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 166:107-115. [PMID: 35247375 PMCID: PMC9035102 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The electrophysiological properties of the heart include cardiac automaticity, excitation (i.e., depolarization and repolarization of action potential) of individual cardiomyocytes, and highly coordinated electrical propagation through the whole heart. An abnormality in any of these properties can cause arrhythmias. MicroRNAs (miRs) have been recognized as essential regulators of gene expression through the conventional RNA interference (RNAi) mechanism and are involved in a variety of biological events. Recent evidence has demonstrated that miRs regulate the electrophysiology of the heart through fine regulation by the conventional RNAi mechanism of the expression of ion channels, transporters, intracellular Ca2+-handling proteins, and other relevant factors. Recently, a direct interaction between miRs and ion channels has also been reported in the heart, revealing a biophysical modulation by miRs of cardiac electrophysiology. These advanced discoveries suggest that miR controls cardiac electrophysiology through two distinct mechanisms: immediate action through biophysical modulation and long-term conventional RNAi regulation. Here, we review the recent research progress and summarize the current understanding of how miR manipulates the function of ion channels to maintain the homeostasis of cardiac electrophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Yang
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, 333 W. 10(th) Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Isabelle Deschênes
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, 333 W. 10(th) Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ji-Dong Fu
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, 333 W. 10(th) Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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6
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Mittal A, Garg R, Bahl A, Khullar M. Molecular Mechanisms and Epigenetic Regulation in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:725532. [PMID: 34977165 PMCID: PMC8716459 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.725532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important lifestyle disease. Type 2 diabetes is one of the prime contributors to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetic cardiomyopathy (DbCM) and leads to increased morbidity and mortality in patients with DM. DbCM is a typical cardiac disease, characterized by cardiac remodeling in the presence of DM and in the absence of other comorbidities such as hypertension, valvular diseases, and coronary artery disease. DbCM is associated with defective cardiac metabolism, altered mitochondrial structure and function, and other physiological and pathophysiological signaling mechanisms such as oxidative stress, inflammation, myocardial apoptosis, and autophagy. Epigenetic modifiers are crucial players in the pathogenesis of DbCM. Thus, it is important to explore the role of epigenetic modifiers or modifications in regulating molecular pathways associated with DbCM. In this review, we have discussed the role of various epigenetic mechanisms such as histone modifications (acetylation and methylation), DNA methylation and non-coding RNAs in modulating molecular pathways involved in the pathophysiology of the DbCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Mittal
- Department of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rajni Garg
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ajay Bahl
- Department of Cardiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Madhu Khullar
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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7
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The implications of hyperoxia, type 1 diabetes and sex on cardiovascular physiology in mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23086. [PMID: 34845324 PMCID: PMC8630164 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02550-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen supplementation, although a cornerstone of emergency and cardiovascular medicine, often results in hyperoxia, a condition characterized by excessive tissue oxygen which results in adverse cardiac remodeling and subsequent injurious effects to physiological function. Cardiac remodeling is further influenced by various risk factors, including pre-existing conditions and sex. Thus, the purpose of this experiment was to investigate cardiac remodeling in Type I Diabetic (Akita) mice subjected to hyperoxic treatment. Overall, we demonstrated that Akita mice experience distinct challenges from wild type (WT) mice. Specifically, Akita males at both normoxia and hyperoxia showed significant decreases in body and heart weights, prolonged PR, QRS, and QTc intervals, and reduced %EF and %FS at normoxia compared to WT controls. Moreover, Akita males largely resemble female mice (both WT and Akita) with regards to the parameters studied. Finally, statistical analysis revealed hyperoxia to have the greatest influence on cardiac pathophysiology, followed by sex, and finally genotype. Taken together, our data suggest that Type I diabetic patients may have distinct cardiac pathophysiology under hyperoxia compared to uncomplicated patients, with males being at high risk. These findings can be used to enhance provision of care in ICU patients with Type I diabetes as a comorbid condition.
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8
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Rodgers JL, Vanthenapalli S, Panguluri SK. Electrical remodeling and cardiotoxicity precedes structural and functional remodeling of mouse hearts under hyperoxia treatment. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:4482-4495. [PMID: 33230829 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Clinical reports suggest a high incidence of ICU mortality with the use of hyperoxia during mechanical ventilation in patients. Our laboratory is pioneer in studying effect of hyperoxia on cardiac pathophysiology. In this study for the first time, we are reporting the sequence of cardiac pathophysiological events in mice under hyperoxic conditions in time-dependent manner. C57BL/6J male mice, aged 8-10 weeks, were treated with either normal air or >90% oxygen for 24, 48, and 72 h. Following normal air or hyperoxia treatment, physical, biochemical, functional, electrical, and molecular parameters were analyzed. Our data showed that significant reduction of body weight observed as early as 24 h hyperoxia treatment, whereas, no significant changes in heart weight until 72 h. Although we do not see any fibrosis in these hearts, but observed significant increase in cardiomyocyte size with hyperoxia treatment in time-dependent manner. Our data also demonstrated that arrhythmias were present in mice at 24 h hyperoxia, and worsened comparatively after 48 and 72 h. Echocardiogram data confirmed cardiac dysfunction in time-dependent manner. Dysregulation of ion channels such as Kv4.2 and KChIP2; and serum cardiac markers confirmed that hyperoxia-induced effects worsen with each time point. From these observations, it is evident that electrical remodeling precedes structural remodeling, both of which gets worse with length of hyperoxia exposure, therefore shorter periods of hyperoxia exposure is always beneficial for better outcome in ICU/critical care units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Rodgers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Sahit Vanthenapalli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Siva K Panguluri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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9
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Wang Y, Gao L, Li Z, Ma X. MicroRNA-301a-3p promotes diabetic retinopathy via regulation of six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 4. Inflamm Res 2021; 70:445-457. [PMID: 33609142 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01431-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most serious microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been discovered to play a crucial role in DR, but the mechanisms underlying the effects of miR-301a-3p on DR are poorly understood. This paper was designed to explore the possible role of miR-301a-3p in DR. METHODS The diabetic rat model was established by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). The effects of miR-301a-3p on the biological functions of HRECs were determined through a series of experiments in vitro/vivo. RESULTS The results revealed that interference with miR-301a-3p could decrease the expressions of inflammatory factors and apoptosis in the retinal tissue of DR. Furthermore, it can alleviate the oxidative stress in DR serum, reduce VEGF expression, increase endothelial cell marker expression, and inhibit (High Glucose) HG-induced apoptosis of HRECs. Six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 4 (STEAP4) was the target of miR-301a-3p. All the effects of miR-301a-3p in DR model were reversed by STEAP4 inhibitor. CONCLUSION miR-301a-3p promotes diabetic retinopathy via regulation of STEAP4. The findings in this study may provide a vital reference for the drug research and development in DR treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmin Wang
- Department of Nursing, Xingtai Medical College, Hebei, 054000, China
| | - Lijuan Gao
- Department of Clinical, Xingtai Medical College, Hebei, 054000, China
| | - Zhili Li
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Xingyuan Road No. 3, Hebei, 050200, China.
| | - Xingyou Ma
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xingtai Medical College, Hebei, 054000, China
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10
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Pourteymour Fard Tabrizi Z, Miraj S, Tahmasebian S, Ghasemi S. Plasma Levels of miR-27a, miR-130b, and miR-301a in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MEDICINE 2020; 9:198-206. [PMID: 33274182 PMCID: PMC7703662 DOI: 10.22088/ijmcm.bums.9.3.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a gynecological endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. There is adequate evidence that suggests several microRNAs (miRNAs) are of great importance for PCOS. It seems that dysregulated expression of miR-27a, miR-130b, and miR-301a are associated with PCOS. The aim of this study was to investigate whether plasma levels of these miRNAs are different between patients with PCOS and healthy controls. Fifty-three women with a definite diagnosis of PCOS, and 53 healthy controls were enrolled. MiRNAs expression levels in plasma were evaluated by real-time PCR. The diagnostic values of each miRNA were calculated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and areas under the curves (AUC). The main clinical characteristics were not significantly different between the two groups. The circulating plasma expression levels of miR-27a and miR-301a had a significant increase (P = 0.0008 and P <0.0001, respectively) but miR-130b expression level decreased in the patient group (P <0.0001). The AUC for miR-27a, miR-130b, and miR-301a were 0.71, 0.77, and 0.66, respectively. A positive exponential was observed for miR-27a and miR-301a in multiple logistic regression. Changes in the plasma expressions of the studied miRNAs are likely to be associated with PCOS phenotypes. MiR-27a has a potential to serve as a diagnostic biomarker of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Pourteymour Fard Tabrizi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Sepideh Miraj
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Shahram Tahmasebian
- School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Sorayya Ghasemi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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11
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Zhang W, Xu W, Feng Y, Zhou X. Non-coding RNA involvement in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:5859-5867. [PMID: 31240820 PMCID: PMC6714214 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence of diabetes has been increasing rapidly, which seriously endangers human health. Diabetic cardiomyopathy, an important cardiovascular complication of diabetes, is characterized by myocardial fibrosis, ventricular remodelling and cardiac dysfunction. It has been documented that mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, autophagy, apoptosis, diabetic microangiopathy and myocardial fibrosis are implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy. With the development of molecular biology technology, accumulating evidence demonstrates that non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are critically involved in the molecular mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy. In this review, we summarize the pathological roles of three types of ncRNAs (microRNA, long ncRNA and circular RNA) in the progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy, which may provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weiting Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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12
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Neuroprotective Influence of miR-301a Inhibition in Experimental Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Rat Models Through Targeting NDRG2. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 68:144-152. [PMID: 30895440 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01293-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to find out the potential influence of miR-301a in an experimental cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) rat model through targeting NDRG2. Rats with cerebral I/R injury were constructed and classified into model, miR-301a inhibitor, miR-301a mimic, NC (negative control), siNDRG2, NDRG2, and miR-301a inhibitor + si-NDRG2 groups, as well as another sham group. Cerebral infarct volume and cell apoptosis were observed by TTC staining and TUNEL staining. The targeting relationship between miR-301a and NDRG2 was verified by luciferase assay. ELISA, qRT-PCR, and Western blot were used to detect the expressions of related molecules. Compared with sham group, rats in the model group had elevated neurological function score and infarct volume; meanwhile, the cell apoptosis rate and inflammatory response were also increased with enhanced expression of miR-301a and NDRG2 (all P < 0.05). These changes were worsened in the miR-301a mimic and si-NDRG2 groups. Conversely, those rats in the miR-301a inhibitor and NDRG2 groups presented increased NDRG2, and at the same time, other above concerning factors also exhibited opposite tendencies (all P < 0.05). Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that NDRG2 was a target gene of miR-301a, and si-NDRG2 could reverse the neuroprotective effect of miR-301a inhibitor in rats with cerebral I/R injury. Inhibiting miR-301a has a neuroprotective effect on rats with cerebral I/R injury to ameliorate cell apoptosis and inflammatory response through possibly targeting NDRG2.
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13
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Rawal S, Nagesh PT, Coffey S, Van Hout I, Galvin IF, Bunton RW, Davis P, Williams MJA, Katare R. Early dysregulation of cardiac-specific microRNA-208a is linked to maladaptive cardiac remodelling in diabetic myocardium. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2019; 18:13. [PMID: 30696455 PMCID: PMC6352455 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-019-0814-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The diabetic heart undergoes remodelling contributing to an increased incidence of heart failure in individuals with diabetes at a later stage. The molecular regulators that drive this process in the diabetic heart are still unknown. Methods Real-time (RT) PCR analysis was performed to determine the expression of cardiac specific microRNA-208a in right atrial appendage (RAA) and left ventricular (LV) biopsy tissues collected from diabetic and non-diabetic patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. To determine the time-dependent changes, cardiac tissue were collected from type 2 diabetic mice at different age groups. A western blotting analysis was conducted to determine the expression of contractile proteins α- and β-myosin heavy chain (MHC) and thyroid hormone receptor-α (TR-α), the negative regulator of β-MHC. To determine the beneficial effects of therapeutic modulation of miR-208a, high glucose treated adult mouse HL-1 cardiomyocytes were transfected with anti-miR-208a. Results RT-PCR analysis showed marked upregulation of miR-208a from early stages of diabetes in type 2 diabetic mouse heart, which was associated with a marked increase in the expression of pro-hypertrophic β-MHC and downregulation of TR-α. Interestingly, upregulation of miR-208a preceded the switch of α-/β-MHC isoforms and the development of diastolic and systolic dysfunction. We also observed significant upregulation of miR-208a and modulation of miR-208a associated proteins in the type 2 human diabetic heart. Therapeutic inhibition of miR-208a activity in high glucose treated HL-1 cardiomyocytes prevented the activation of β-MHC and hence the hypertrophic response. Conclusion Our results provide the first evidence that early modulation of miR-208a in the diabetic heart induces alterations in the downstream signaling pathway leading to cardiac remodelling and that therapeutic inhibition of miR-208a may be beneficial in preventing diabetes-induced adverse remodelling of the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Rawal
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, 270, Great King Street, Dunedin, 9010, New Zealand.,New York University, New York, USA
| | - Prashanth Thevakar Nagesh
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,New York University, New York, USA
| | - Sean Coffey
- Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Isabelle Van Hout
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, 270, Great King Street, Dunedin, 9010, New Zealand
| | - Ivor F Galvin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Richard W Bunton
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Philip Davis
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Michael J A Williams
- Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, 270, Great King Street, Dunedin, 9010, New Zealand.
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14
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Rodgers JL, Iyer D, Rodgers LE, Vanthenapalli S, Panguluri SK. Impact of hyperoxia on cardiac pathophysiology. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:12595-12603. [PMID: 30652312 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation with high oxygen therapy (hyperoxia) is widely implemented in critical care and ICU settings. Although supplemental oxygen is beneficial to treat hypoxia, its use is also associated with poor outcomes and high mortality in patients. Lung injury due to hyperoxia exposure has been well-documented in patients, including in adults and neonates. Thus, lung injury due to hyperoxia has been extensively researched in both preclinical and clinical studies. However, hyperoxia has also been shown to be associated with hemodynamic changes in patients in ICU, including reductions in heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output. In addition, certain experimental studies report that hyperoxia exposure in neonates results in cardiac dysfunction in later adult life. Despite this, until recently, the impact of hyperoxia within the heart has not been well studied, or reported, specifically in adult experimental models. To close this significant gap, our lab has sought to clarify hyperoxia-induced cardiac pathophysiology in adult murine models. This review discusses the current findings regarding the cardiovascular impact of hyperoxia exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Rodgers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Drishya Iyer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Lydia E Rodgers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Sahit Vanthenapalli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Siva K Panguluri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
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15
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Comparison of Cardiac miRNA Transcriptomes Induced by Diabetes and Rapamycin Treatment and Identification of a Rapamycin-Associated Cardiac MicroRNA Signature. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:8364608. [PMID: 30647817 PMCID: PMC6311877 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8364608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rapamycin (Rap), an inhibitor of mTORC1, reduces obesity and improves lifespan in mice. However, hyperglycemia and lipid disorders are adverse side effects in patients receiving Rap treatment. We previously reported that diabetes induces pansuppression of cardiac cytokines in Zucker obese rats (ZO-C). Rap treatment (750 μg/kg/day for 12 weeks) reduced their obesity and cardiac fibrosis significantly; however, it increased their hyperglycemia and did not improve their cardiac diastolic parameters. Moreover, Rap treatment of healthy Zucker lean rats (ZL-C) induced cardiac fibrosis. Rap-induced changes in ZL-C's cardiac cytokine profile shared similarities with that of diabetes-induced ZO-C. Therefore, we hypothesized that the cardiac microRNA transcriptome induced by diabetes and Rap treatment could share similarities. Here, we compared the cardiac miRNA transcriptome of ZL-C to ZO-C, Rap-treated ZL (ZL-Rap), and ZO (ZO-Rap). We report that 80% of diabetes-induced miRNA transcriptome (40 differentially expressed miRNAs by minimum 1.5-fold in ZO-C versus ZL-C; p ≤ 0.05) is similar to 47% of Rap-induced miRNA transcriptome in ZL (68 differentially expressed miRNAs by minimum 1.5-fold in ZL-Rap versus ZL-C; p ≤ 0.05). This remarkable similarity between diabetes-induced and Rap-induced cardiac microRNA transcriptome underscores the role of miRNAs in Rap-induced insulin resistance. We also show that Rap treatment altered the expression of the same 17 miRNAs in ZL and ZO hearts indicating that these 17 miRNAs comprise a unique Rap-induced cardiac miRNA signature. Interestingly, only four miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed between ZO-C and ZO-Rap, indicating that, unlike the nondiabetic heart, Rap did not substantially change the miRNA transcriptome in the diabetic heart. In silico analyses showed that (a) mRNA-miRNA interactions exist between differentially expressed cardiac cytokines and miRNAs, (b) human orthologs of rat miRNAs that are strongly correlated with cardiac fibrosis may modulate profibrotic TGF-β signaling, and (c) changes in miRNA transcriptome caused by diabetes or Rap treatment include cardioprotective miRNAs indicating a concurrent activation of an adaptive mechanism to protect the heart in conditions that exacerbate diabetes.
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16
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Rodgers JL, Rodgers LE, Tian Z, Allen‐Gipson D, Panguluri SK. Sex differences in murine cardiac pathophysiology with hyperoxia exposure. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:1491-1501. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Rodgers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida Tampa Florida
| | - Lydia E. Rodgers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida Tampa Florida
| | - Zhi Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida Tampa Florida
| | - Diane Allen‐Gipson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida Tampa Florida
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine, University of South Florida Tampa Florida
| | - Siva K. Panguluri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida Tampa Florida
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17
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The goal of this focused review is to describe recent studies supporting a critical role of microRNAs in the regulation of ion channels and discuss the resulting implications for the modulation of neuronal excitability in epilepsy. RECENT FINDINGS MicroRNA-induced silencing of ion channels has been shown in several different studies in recent years, and some of these reports suggest a prominent role in epilepsy. The ion channels regulated by microRNAs include ligand- and voltage-gated channels and are not only limited to the central nervous system but have also been found in the peripheral nervous system. Ion channel-targeting microRNAs can regulate the intrinsic excitability of neurons, and thus influence entire networks in the brain. Their dysregulation in epilepsy may contribute to the disease phenotype. More research is needed to better understand the molecular mechanisms of how microRNAs regulate ion channels to control neuronal excitability, and how these processes are altered in epilepsy.
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18
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Baranwal S, Rawat SG, Gupta P. miR-301, Pleiotropic MicroRNA in Regulation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colitis-Associated Cancer. Front Immunol 2018; 9:522. [PMID: 29599779 PMCID: PMC5862795 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Somesh Baranwal
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Science, School of Basic and Applied Science, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Shiv Govind Rawat
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbial Science, School of Basic and Applied Science, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Pooja Gupta
- College of Agriculture, Guru Kashi University, Talwandi Sabo, India
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19
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Rodgers JL, Samal E, Mohapatra S, Panguluri SK. Hyperoxia-induced cardiotoxicity and ventricular remodeling in type-II diabetes mice. Heart Vessels 2017; 33:561-572. [PMID: 29209776 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-017-1100-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hyperoxia, or supplemental oxygen, is regularly used in the clinical setting for critically ill patients in ICU. However, several recent studies have demonstrated the negative impact of this treatment in patients in critical care, including increased rates of lung and cardiac injury, as well as increased mortality. The purpose of this study was to determine the predisposition for arrhythmias and electrical remodeling in a type 2 diabetic mouse model (db/db), as a result of hyperoxia treatment. For this, db/db and their heterozygous controls were treated with hyperoxia (> 90% oxygen) or normoxia (normal air) for 72-h. Immediately following hyperoxia or normoxia treatments, mice underwent surface ECG. Excised left ventricles were used to assess ion channel expression, including for Kv1.4, Kv1.5, Kv4.2, and KChIP2. Serum cardiac markers were also measured, including cardiac troponin I and lactate dehydrogenase. Our results showed that db/db mice have increased sensitivity to arrhythmia. Normoxia-treated db/db mice displayed features of arrhythmia, including QTc and JT prolongation, as well as QRS prolongation. A significant increase in QRS prolongation was also observed in hyperoxia-treated db/db mice, when compared to hyperoxia-treated heterozygous control mice. Db/db mice were also shown to exhibit ion channel dysregulation, as demonstrated by down-regulation in Kv1.5, Kv4.2, and KChIP2 under hyperoxia conditions. From these results, we conclude that: (1) diabetic mice showed distinct pathophysiology, when compared to heterozygous controls, both in normoxia and hyperoxia conditions. (2) Diabetic mice were more susceptible to arrhythmia at normal air conditions; this effect was exacerbated at hyperoxia conditions. (3) Unlike in heterozygous controls, diabetic mice did not demonstrate cardiac hypertrophy as a result of hyperoxia. (4) Ion channel remodeling was also observed in db/db mice under hyperoxia condition similar to its heterozygous controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Leigh Rodgers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC-30, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Eva Samal
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Subhra Mohapatra
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Siva Kumar Panguluri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC-30, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
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20
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Gross C, Yao X, Engel T, Tiwari D, Xing L, Rowley S, Danielson SW, Thomas KT, Jimenez-Mateos EM, Schroeder LM, Pun RYK, Danzer SC, Henshall DC, Bassell GJ. MicroRNA-Mediated Downregulation of the Potassium Channel Kv4.2 Contributes to Seizure Onset. Cell Rep 2017; 17:37-45. [PMID: 27681419 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.08.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Seizures are bursts of excessive synchronized neuronal activity, suggesting that mechanisms controlling brain excitability are compromised. The voltage-gated potassium channel Kv4.2, a major mediator of hyperpolarizing A-type currents in the brain, is a crucial regulator of neuronal excitability. Kv4.2 expression levels are reduced following seizures and in epilepsy, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report that Kv4.2 mRNA is recruited to the RNA-induced silencing complex shortly after status epilepticus in mice and after kainic acid treatment of hippocampal neurons, coincident with reduction of Kv4.2 protein. We show that the microRNA miR-324-5p inhibits Kv4.2 protein expression and that antagonizing miR-324-5p is neuroprotective and seizure suppressive. MiR-324-5p inhibition also blocks kainic-acid-induced reduction of Kv4.2 protein in vitro and in vivo and delays kainic-acid-induced seizure onset in wild-type but not in Kcnd2 knockout mice. These results reveal an important role for miR-324-5p-mediated silencing of Kv4.2 in seizure onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Gross
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Xiaodi Yao
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Tobias Engel
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Durgesh Tiwari
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Lei Xing
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Shane Rowley
- Department of Anesthesia, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Scott W Danielson
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kristen T Thomas
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Eva M Jimenez-Mateos
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Lindsay M Schroeder
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Raymund Y K Pun
- Department of Anesthesia, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Steve C Danzer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - David C Henshall
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Gary J Bassell
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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21
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Jiang Y, Wang W, Liu ZY, Xie Y, Qian Y, Cai XN. Overexpression of miR-130a-3p/301a-3p attenuates high glucose-induced MPC5 podocyte dysfunction through suppression of TNF-α signaling. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:1021-1028. [PMID: 29434693 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α has been reported to be important in glomerulonephritis, which is closely associated with podocyte dysfunction and apoptosis. However, the precise mechanisms by which TNF-α expression are regulated remain unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of microRNA (miR)-130a-3p/301a-3p in the post-transcriptional control of TNF-α expression and high glucose (HG)-induced podocyte dysfunction. Mice MPC5 podocytes were incubated with HG and transfected with miR-130a-3p/301a-3p mimics or inhibitors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured by flow cytometry assay, and the mRNA and protein levels were assayed by using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. The targeted genes were predicted by a bioinformatics algorithm and verified using a dual luciferase reporter assay. It was observed that miR-130a-3p/301a-3p was a novel regulator of TNF-α in mouse podocytes. miR-130a-3p/301a-3p mimics inhibited TNF-α 3'-untranslated region luciferase reporter activity, in addition to endogenous TNF-α protein expression. Furthermore, forced expression of miR-130a-3p or miR-301a-3p resulted in the downregulation of ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) and the upregulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1 in the presence of HG. Inhibition of TNF-α level prevented a remarkable reduction in SOD activity and a marked increase in ROS and MDA levels in HG-treated podocytes. Furthermore, TNF-α loss-of-function significantly reversed HG-induced podocyte apoptosis. These data demonstrated a novel up-stream role for miR-130a-3p/301a-3p in TNF-α-mediated podocyte dysfunction and apoptosis in the presence of HG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, The Cancer Hospital of Guizhou, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The 455 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Nephrology Center of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Shanghai 200052, P.R. China
| | - Zong-Yang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Cancer Hospital of Guizhou, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003, P.R. China
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Nephrology, The Cancer Hospital of Guizhou, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Qian
- Department of Nephrology, The Cancer Hospital of Guizhou, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Ni Cai
- Department of Nephrology, The Cancer Hospital of Guizhou, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003, P.R. China
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22
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Ashrafi R, Modi P, Oo AY, Pullan DM, Jian K, Zhang H, Gerges JY, Hart G, Boyett MR, Davis GK, Wilding JPH. Arrhythmogenic gene remodelling in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes with aortic stenosis and normal left ventricular ejection fraction. Exp Physiol 2017; 102:1424-1434. [DOI: 10.1113/ep086412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Ashrafi
- Obesity & Endocrinology Research, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Clinical Sciences Centre; University Hospital Aintree; Liverpool UK
| | - P. Modi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery; Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital; Liverpool UK
| | - A. Y. Oo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery; Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital; Liverpool UK
| | - D. M. Pullan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery; Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital; Liverpool UK
| | - K. Jian
- Biological Physics Group, School of Physics & Astronomy; The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
| | - H. Zhang
- Biological Physics Group, School of Physics & Astronomy; The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
| | - J. Yanni Gerges
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences; University of Manchester; The Core Technology Facility Manchester UK
| | - G. Hart
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences; University of Manchester; The Core Technology Facility Manchester UK
| | - M. R. Boyett
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences; University of Manchester; The Core Technology Facility Manchester UK
| | - G. K. Davis
- Obesity & Endocrinology Research, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Clinical Sciences Centre; University Hospital Aintree; Liverpool UK
- Department of Cardiology; Aintree University Hospital; NHS Foundation Trust Liverpool UK
| | - J. P. H. Wilding
- Obesity & Endocrinology Research, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Clinical Sciences Centre; University Hospital Aintree; Liverpool UK
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23
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Role of microRNA in diabetic cardiomyopathy: From mechanism to intervention. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:2070-2077. [PMID: 28344129 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a chronic and irreversible heart complication in diabetic patients, and is characterized by complex pathophysiologic events including early diastolic dysfunction, cardiac hypertrophy, ventricular dilation and systolic dysfunction, eventually resulting in heart failure. Despite these characteristics, the underlying mechanisms leading to diabetic cardiomyopathy are still elusive. Recent studies have implicated microRNA, a small and highly conserved non-coding RNA molecule, in the etiology of diabetes and its complications, suggesting a potentially novel approach for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy. This brief review aims at capturing recent studies related to the role of microRNA in diabetic cardiomyopathy. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Genetic and epigenetic control of heart failure - edited by Jun Ren & Megan Yingmei Zhang.
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24
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Hu X, Bai T, Xu Z, Liu Q, Zheng Y, Cai L. Pathophysiological Fundamentals of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Compr Physiol 2017; 7:693-711. [PMID: 28333387 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) was first recognized more than four decades ago and occurred independent of cardiovascular diseases or hypertension in both type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients. The exact mechanisms underlying this disease remain incompletely understood. Several pathophysiological bases responsible for DCM have been proposed, including the presence of hyperglycemia, nonenzymatic glycosylation of large molecules (e.g., proteins), energy metabolic disturbance, mitochondrial damage and dysfunction, impaired calcium handling, reactive oxygen species formation, inflammation, cardiac cell death, and cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, leading to impairment of cardiac contractile functions. Increasing evidence also indicates the phenomenon called "metabolic memory" for diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications, for which epigenetic modulation seemed to play an important role, suggesting that the aforementioned pathogenic bases may be regulated by epigenetic modification. Therefore, this review aims at briefly summarizing the current understanding of the pathophysiological bases for DCM. Although how epigenetic mechanisms play a role remains incompletely understood now, extensive clinical and experimental studies have implicated its importance in regulating the cardiac responses to diabetes, which are believed to shed insight into understanding of the pathophysiological and epigenetic mechanisms for the development of DCM and its possible prevention and/or therapy. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:693-711, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Hu
- Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Pediatric Research Institute at the Department of Pediatrics of the University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Tao Bai
- Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Pediatric Research Institute at the Department of Pediatrics of the University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Zheng Xu
- Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Pediatric Research Institute at the Department of Pediatrics of the University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Qiuju Liu
- Department of Hematological Disorders the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute at the Department of Pediatrics of the University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.,Wendy Novak Diabetes Care Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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25
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Liu X, Liu S. Role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Biomed Rep 2017; 6:140-145. [PMID: 28357065 DOI: 10.3892/br.2017.841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The morbidity of diabetes mellitus has been increasing annually. As a progressive metabolic disorder, chronic complications occur in the late stage of diabetes. In addition, cardiovascular diseases account for the major cause of morbidity and mortality among the diabetic population worldwide. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a type of diabetic heart disease. Patients with DCM show symptoms and signs of heart failure while no specific cause, such as coronary disease, hypertension, alcohol consumption, or other structural heart diseases has been identified. The pathogenesis of DCM is complex and has not been well understood until recently. MicroRNAs (miRs) belong to a novel family of highly conserved, short, non-coding, single-stranded RNA molecules that regulate transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene expression. Furthermore, recent studies have demonstrated an association between miRs and DCM. In the current review, the role of miRs in the pathogenesis of DCM is summarized. It was concluded that miRs contribute to the regulation of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, myocardial electrical remodeling, epigenetic modification and various other pathophysiological processes of DCM. These studies may provide novel insights into targets for prevention and treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, P.R. China
| | - Shixue Liu
- Emergency Department, Rizhao Chinese Medicine Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276800, P.R. China
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Dioni L, Sucato S, Motta V, Iodice S, Angelici L, Favero C, Cavalleri T, Vigna L, Albetti B, Fustinoni S, Bertazzi P, Pesatori A, Bollati V. Urinary chromium is associated with changes in leukocyte miRNA expression in obese subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr 2017; 71:142-148. [PMID: 27731332 PMCID: PMC5222989 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2016.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Epidemiological studies suggest a link between chromium (Cr) status and cardiovascular disease. Increased urinary excretion of Cr was reported in subjects with diabetes compared with non-diabetic controls and those with non-diabetic insulin resistance. Epigenetic alterations have been linked to the presence of Cr, and microRNA (miRNA) expression has been implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). We investigated the association between Cr excretion and miRNA expression in leukocytes from obese subjects. We also examined the relationship between altered miRNA expression and selected clinical parameters to further investigate mechanisms linking Cr to metabolic diseases and CVDs. SUBJECTS/METHODS We analyzed urinary Cr in 90 Italian subjects using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Peripheral blood miRNA levels were screened with TaqMan Low-Density Array Human MicroRNA A. Cr level-associated expression of miRNAs was detected with multivariate regression analyses, and the top 10 candidate miRNAs were selected for validation. We also used multivariate regression analyses to assess possible associations between validated miRNAs and glycated hemoglobin (A1c) and blood pressure (BP). The validated miRNAs were further investigated by functional analysis with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software. RESULTS Urinary Cr levels (mean: 0.35 μg/l; s.d.=0.24) ranged from 0.05 to 1.27 μg/l. In the screening phase, 43 miRNAs were negatively associated with Cr. Of the top 10 miRNAs selected for validation, nine (miR-451, miR-301, miR-15b, miR-21, miR-26a, miR-362-3p, miR-182, miR-183 and miR-486-3p) were downregulated in association with Cr (P-false discovery rate (FDR)<0.10). miR-451 expression was associated with A1c (β=-0.06; P=0.0416), whereas miR-486-3p expression was associated both with diastolic (β=2.1; P=0.004) and systolic BP (β=3.3; P=0.003). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that miR-451 and miR-486-3p are involved in the link between Cr levels and metabolic diseases and CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Dioni
- EPIGET—Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab—Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - S Sucato
- EPIGET—Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab—Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - V Motta
- EPIGET—Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab—Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - S Iodice
- EPIGET—Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab—Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - L Angelici
- EPIGET—Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab—Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - C Favero
- EPIGET—Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab—Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - T Cavalleri
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy
| | - L Vigna
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Preventive Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | - B Albetti
- EPIGET—Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab—Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - S Fustinoni
- EPIGET—Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab—Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Preventive Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | - P Bertazzi
- EPIGET—Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab—Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Preventive Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | - A Pesatori
- EPIGET—Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab—Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Preventive Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | - V Bollati
- EPIGET—Epidemiology, Epigenetics and Toxicology Lab—Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Preventive Medicine, Milan, Italy
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Santana ET, Feliciano RDS, Serra AJ, Brigidio E, Antonio EL, Tucci PJF, Nathanson L, Morris M, Silva JA. Comparative mRNA and MicroRNA Profiling during Acute Myocardial Infarction Induced by Coronary Occlusion and Ablation Radio-Frequency Currents. Front Physiol 2016; 7:565. [PMID: 27932994 PMCID: PMC5123550 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery is the most commonly used experimental model to induce myocardial infarction (MI) in rodents. A high mortality in the acute phase and the heterogeneity of the size of the MI obtained are drawbacks recognized in this model. In an attempt to solve the problem, our group recently developed a new MI experimental model which is based on application of myocardial ablation radio-frequency currents (AB-RF) that yielded MI with homogeneous sizes and significantly reduce acute mortality. In addition, cardiac structural, and functional changes aroused by AB-RF were similar to those seen in animals with MI induced by coronary artery ligation. Herein, we compared mRNA expression of genes that govern post-MI milieu in occlusion and ablation models. We analyzed 48 mRNAs expressions of nine different signal transduction pathways (cell survival and metabolism signs, matrix extracellular, cell cycle, oxidative stress, apoptosis, calcium signaling, hypertrophy markers, angiogenesis, and inflammation) in rat left ventricle 1 week after MI generated by both coronary occlusion and AB-RF. Furthermore, high-throughput miRNA analysis was also assessed in both MI procedures. Interestingly, mRNA expression levels and miRNA expressions showed strong similarities between both models after MI, with few specificities in each model, activating similar signal transduction pathways. To our knowledge, this is the first comparison of genomic alterations of mRNA and miRNA contents after two different MI procedures and identifies key signaling regulators modulating the pathophysiology of these two models that might culminate in heart failure. Furthermore, these analyses may contribute with the current knowledge concerning transcriptional and post-transcriptional changes of AB-RF protocol, arising as an alternative and effective MI method that reproduces most changes seem in coronary occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo T Santana
- Rehabilitation Department, Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Regiane Dos Santos Feliciano
- Biophotonics Department, Universidade Nove de JulhoSão Paulo, Brazil; Medicine Department, Universidade Nove de JulhoSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrey J Serra
- Biophotonics Department, Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Brigidio
- Medicine Department, Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ednei L Antonio
- Cardiac Physiology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo J F Tucci
- Cardiac Physiology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lubov Nathanson
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Mariana Morris
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - José A Silva
- Medicine Department, Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo, Brazil
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Cheung OKW, Cheng ASL. Gender Differences in Adipocyte Metabolism and Liver Cancer Progression. Front Genet 2016; 7:168. [PMID: 27703473 PMCID: PMC5029146 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2016.00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the third most common cancer type and the second leading cause of deaths in men. Large population studies have demonstrated remarkable gender disparities in the incidence and the cumulative risk of liver cancer. A number of emerging risk factors regarding metabolic alterations associated with obesity, diabetes and dyslipidemia have been ascribed to the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) and ultimately liver cancer. The deregulation of fat metabolism derived from excessive insulin, glucose, and lipid promotes cancer-causing inflammatory signaling and oxidative stress, which eventually triggers the uncontrolled hepatocellular proliferation. This review presents the current standing on the gender differences in body fat compositions and their mechanistic linkage with the development of NAFLD-related liver cancer, with an emphasis on genetic, epigenetic and microRNA control. The potential roles of sex hormones in instructing adipocyte metabolic programs may help unravel the mechanisms underlying gender dimorphism in liver cancer and identify the metabolic targets for disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otto K-W Cheung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China
| | - Alfred S-L Cheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China
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Abstract
Approximately 80 genes in the human genome code for pore-forming subunits of potassium (K(+)) channels. Rare variants (mutations) in K(+) channel-encoding genes may cause heritable arrhythmia syndromes. Not all rare variants in K(+) channel-encoding genes are necessarily disease-causing mutations. Common variants in K(+) channel-encoding genes are increasingly recognized as modifiers of phenotype in heritable arrhythmia syndromes and in the general population. Although difficult, distinguishing pathogenic variants from benign variants is of utmost importance to avoid false designations of genetic variants as disease-causing mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad S Amin
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Heart Centre, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Arthur A M Wilde
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Heart Centre, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands; King Abdulaziz University, Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, PO Box 80200, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Chen J, Zhuang Y, Zhang ZF, Wang S, Jin P, He C, Hu PC, Wang ZF, Li ZQ, Xia GM, Li G, Wang Y, Wan Q. Glycine confers neuroprotection through microRNA-301a/PTEN signaling. Mol Brain 2016; 9:59. [PMID: 27230112 PMCID: PMC4880874 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-016-0241-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glycine is known to protect against neuronal death. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. The microRNA-301a is involved in both biological and pathological processes. But it is not known whether microRNA-301a has a neuroprotective property. In this study, we aimed to determine whether glycine-induced neuroprotection requires microRNA-301a-dependent signaling. Results We provided the first evidence that glycine increased the expression of microRNA-301a in cultured rat cortical neurons and protected against cortical neuronal death through up-regulation of microRNA-301a after oxygen-glucose deprivation. MicroRNA-301a directly bound the predicted 3′UTR target sites of PTEN and reduced PTEN expression in cortical neurons. We revealed that PTEN down-regulation by microRNA-301a mediated glycine-induced neuroprotective effect following oxygen-glucose deprivation. Conclusions Our results suggest that 1) microRNA-301a is neuroprotective in oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced neuronal injury; 2) glycine is an upstream regulator of microRNA-301a; 3) glycine confers neuroprotection through microRNA-301a/PTEN signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Department of Neurology, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yang Zhuang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ping Jin
- Department of Neurology, the Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Chunjiang He
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Peng-Chao Hu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ze-Fen Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 169 Donghu Street, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Guang-Ming Xia
- Department of Neurology, the Central Hospital of Huanggang, Huanggang, 438000, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurology, the Central Hospital of Huanggang, Huanggang, 438000, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qi Wan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 185 Donghu Street, Wuhan, 430071, China. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University School of Medicine, 169 Donghu Street, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Tur J, Chapalamadugu KC, Padawer T, Badole SL, Kilfoil PJ, Bhatnagar A, Tipparaju SM. Deletion of Kvβ1.1 subunit leads to electrical and haemodynamic changes causing cardiac hypertrophy in female murine hearts. Exp Physiol 2016; 101:494-508. [PMID: 27038296 DOI: 10.1113/ep085405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? The goal of this study was to evaluate sex differences and the role of the potassium channel β1 (Kvβ1) subunit in the heart. What is the main finding and its importance? Genetic ablation of Kvβ1.1 in females led to cardiac hypertrophy characterized by increased heart size, prolonged monophasic action potentials, elevated blood pressure and increased myosin heavy chain α (MHCα) expression. In contrast, male mice showed only electrical changes. Kvβ1.1 binds the MHCα isoform at the protein level, and small interfering RNA targeted knockdown of Kvβ1.1 upregulated MHCα. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death and debility in women in the USA, and cardiac arrhythmias are a major concern. Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels along with the binding partners; Kvβ subunits are major regulators of the action potential (AP) shape and duration (APD). The regulation of Kv channels by the Kvβ1 subunit is unknown in female hearts. In the present study, we hypothesized that the Kvβ1 subunit is an important regulator of female cardiac physiology. To test this hypothesis, we ablated (knocked out; KO) the KCNAB1 isoform 1 (Kvβ1.1) subunit in mice and evaluated cardiac function and electrical activity by using ECG, monophasic action potential recordings and echocardiography. Our results showed that the female Kvβ1.1 KO mice developed cardiac hypertrophy, and the hearts were structurally different, with enlargement and increased area. The electrical derangements caused by Kvβ1.1 KO in female mice included long QTc and QRS intervals along with increased APD (APD20-90% repolarization). The male Kvβ1.1 KO mice did not develop cardiac hypertrophy, but they showed long QTc and prolonged APD. Molecular analysis showed that several genes that support cardiac hypertrophy were significantly altered in Kvβ1.1 KO female hearts. In particular, myosin heavy chain α expression was significantly elevated in Kvβ1.1 KO mouse heart. Using a small interfering RNA strategy, we identified that knockdown of Kvβ1 increases myosin heavy chain α expression in H9C2 cells. Collectively, changes in molecular and cell signalling pathways clearly point towards a distinct electrical and structural remodelling consistent with cardiac hypertrophy in the Kvβ1.1 KO female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared Tur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | - Timothy Padawer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Sachin L Badole
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Peter J Kilfoil
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
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Meo M, Meste O, Signore S, Sorrentino A, Cannata A, Zhou Y, Matsuda A, Luciani M, Kannappan R, Goichberg P, Leri A, Anversa P, Rota M. Reduction in Kv Current Enhances the Temporal Dispersion of the Action Potential in Diabetic Myocytes: Insights From a Novel Repolarization Algorithm. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:e003078. [PMID: 26896476 PMCID: PMC4802457 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.003078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is associated with prolongation of the QT interval of the electrocardiogram and enhanced dispersion of ventricular repolarization, factors that, together with atherosclerosis and myocardial ischemia, may promote the occurrence of electrical disorders. Thus, we tested the possibility that alterations in transmembrane ionic currents reduce the repolarization reserve of myocytes, leading to action potential (AP) prolongation and enhanced beat-to-beat variability of repolarization. METHODS AND RESULTS Diabetes was induced in mice with streptozotocin (STZ), and effects of hyperglycemia on electrical properties of whole heart and myocytes were studied with respect to an untreated control group (Ctrl) using electrocardiographic recordings in vivo, ex vivo perfused hearts, and single-cell patch-clamp analysis. Additionally, a newly developed algorithm was introduced to obtain detailed information of the impact of high glucose on AP profile. Compared to Ctrl, hyperglycemia in STZ-treated animals was coupled with prolongation of the QT interval, enhanced temporal dispersion of electrical recovery, and susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias, defects observed, in part, in the Akita mutant mouse model of type I diabetes. AP was prolonged and beat-to-beat variability of repolarization was enhanced in diabetic myocytes, with respect to Ctrl cells. Density of Kv K(+) and L-type Ca(2+) currents were decreased in STZ myocytes, in comparison to cells from normoglycemic mice. Pharmacological reduction of Kv currents in Ctrl cells lengthened AP duration and increased temporal dispersion of repolarization, reiterating features identified in diabetic myocytes. CONCLUSIONS Reductions in the repolarizing K(+) currents may contribute to electrical disturbances of the diabetic heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Meo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Departments of Anesthesia and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Olivier Meste
- Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Nice, France
| | - Sergio Signore
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Departments of Anesthesia and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Andrea Sorrentino
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Departments of Anesthesia and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Antonio Cannata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Departments of Anesthesia and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Yu Zhou
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Departments of Anesthesia and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Alex Matsuda
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Departments of Anesthesia and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA Fondazione Cardiocentro Ticino, University of Zurich, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Marco Luciani
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Departments of Anesthesia and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ramaswamy Kannappan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Departments of Anesthesia and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Polina Goichberg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Departments of Anesthesia and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Annarosa Leri
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Departments of Anesthesia and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA Fondazione Cardiocentro Ticino, University of Zurich, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Piero Anversa
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Departments of Anesthesia and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA Fondazione Cardiocentro Ticino, University of Zurich, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Marcello Rota
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Departments of Anesthesia and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
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León LE, Rani S, Fernandez M, Larico M, Calligaris SD. Subclinical Detection of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy with MicroRNAs: Challenges and Perspectives. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:6143129. [PMID: 26770988 PMCID: PMC4684873 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6143129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of cardiac diabetic diseases has been increased around the world, being the most common cause of death and disability among diabetic patients. In particular, diabetic cardiomyopathy is characterized with a diastolic dysfunction and cardiac remodelling without signs of hypertension and coronary artery diseases. In an early stage, it is an asymptomatic disease; however, clinical studies demonstrate that diabetic myocardia are more vulnerable to injury derived by acute myocardial infarct and are the worst prognosis for rehabilitation. Currently, biochemical and imaging diagnostic methods are unable to detect subclinical manifestation of the disease (prior to diastolic dysfunction). In this review, we elaborately discuss the current scientific evidences to propose circulating microRNAs as promising biomarkers for early detection of diabetic cardiomyopathy and, then, to identify patients at high risk of diabetic cardiomyopathy development. Moreover, here we summarise the research strategies to identify miRNAs as potential biomarkers, present limitations, challenges, and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis E. León
- Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, 7710162 Santiago, Chile
| | - Sweta Rani
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | | | | | - Sebastián D. Calligaris
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, 7710162 Santiago, Chile
- *Sebastián D. Calligaris:
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Chapalamadugu K, Panguluri SK, Miranda A, Sneed KB, Tipparaju SM. Pharmacogenomics of cardiovascular complications in diabetes and obesity. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2015; 8:123-35. [PMID: 25185978 DOI: 10.2174/1872208309666140904123023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Heart disease is a major cause of death in US and worldwide. The complex interplay of the mechanisms between diabetes, obesity and inflammation raises concerns for therapeutic understanding and developing treatment options for patients. Recent advances utilizing pharmacogenomics has helped researchers to probe in to disease pathophysiology and physicians to detect and, diagnose the disease in patients. The understanding developed in the area primarily addresses the issue focusing on the nature and asks the question 'Why' some individuals respond to the standard medication regimen and others do not. The central idea that genomics play a vital part in how the healthcare providers: physician, pharmacist, and nurse provide treatment utilizing the best practices available for maximum benefits. Pharmacogenomics is the scientific basis which offers the fundamental understanding for diseases, based on which therapeutic approaches can be designed and delivered. The discovery that not all humans respond to the drug in the same way is a 'paradigm shift' in how current therapies are offered. The area of pharmacogenomics at its core is linked to the genetic basis for the disease and the response to treatment. Given that diabetes and obesity are major metabolic ailments globally wherein patients also often suffer from cardiac disorders, a comprehensive genetic and pharmacogenomic understanding of these conditions enable the development of effective therapeutic strategies. In this review, we discuss various pharmacogenomic approaches with special emphasis on heart disease as it relates to diabetes and obesity. Recent information in regard to relevant patents in this topic are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Srinivas M Tipparaju
- 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, MDC030, USF Health College of Pharmacy, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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Pretorius E, Bester J, Vermeulen N, Alummoottil S, Soma P, Buys AV, Kell DB. Poorly controlled type 2 diabetes is accompanied by significant morphological and ultrastructural changes in both erythrocytes and in thrombin-generated fibrin: implications for diagnostics. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2015; 14:30. [PMID: 25848817 PMCID: PMC4364097 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-015-0192-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We have noted in previous work, in a variety of inflammatory diseases, where iron dysregulation occurs, a strong tendency for erythrocytes to lose their normal discoid shape and to adopt a skewed morphology (as judged by their axial ratios in the light microscope and by their ultrastructure in the SEM). Similarly, the polymerization of fibrinogen, as induced in vitro by added thrombin, leads not to the common ‘spaghetti-like’ structures but to dense matted deposits. Type 2 diabetes is a known inflammatory disease. In the present work, we found that the axial ratio of the erythrocytes of poorly controlled (as suggested by increased HbA1c levels) type 2 diabetics was significantly increased, and that their fibrin morphologies were again highly aberrant. As judged by scanning electron microscopy and in the atomic force microscope, these could be reversed, to some degree, by the addition of the iron chelators deferoxamine (DFO) or deferasirox (DFX). As well as their demonstrated diagnostic significance, these morphological indicators may have prognostic value.
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Dimitrakopoulou K, Vrahatis AG, Bezerianos A. Integromics network meta-analysis on cardiac aging offers robust multi-layer modular signatures and reveals micronome synergism. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:147. [PMID: 25887273 PMCID: PMC4367845 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1256-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The avalanche of integromics and panomics approaches shifted the deciphering of aging mechanisms from single molecular entities to communities of them. In this orientation, we explore the cardiac aging mechanisms – risk factor for multiple cardiovascular diseases - by capturing the micronome synergism and detecting longevity signatures in the form of communities (modules). For this, we developed a meta-analysis scheme that integrates transcriptome expression data from multiple cardiac-specific independent studies in mouse and human along with proteome and micronome interaction data in the form of multiple independent weighted networks. Modularization of each weighted network produced modules, which in turn were further analyzed so as to define consensus modules across datasets that change substantially during lifespan. Also, we established a metric that determines - from the modular perspective - the synergism of microRNA-microRNA interactions as defined by significantly functionally associated targets. Results The meta-analysis provided 40 consensus integromics modules across mouse datasets and revealed microRNA relations with substantial collective action during aging. Three modules were reproducible, based on homology, when mapped against human-derived modules. The respective homologs mainly represent NADH dehydrogenases, ATP synthases, cytochrome oxidases, Ras GTPases and ribosomal proteins. Among various observations, we corroborate to the involvement of miR-34a (included in consensus modules) as proposed recently; yet we report that has no synergistic effect. Moving forward, we determined its age-related neighborhood in which HCN3, a known heart pacemaker channel, was included. Also, miR-125a-5p/-351, miR-200c/-429, miR-106b/-17, miR-363/-92b, miR-181b/-181d, miR-19a/-19b, let-7d/-7f, miR-18a/-18b, miR-128/-27b and miR-106a/-291a-3p pairs exhibited significant synergy and their association to aging and/or cardiovascular diseases is supported in many cases by a disease database and previous studies. On the contrary, we suggest that miR-22 has not substantial impact on heart longevity as proposed recently. Conclusions We revised several proteins and microRNAs recently implicated in cardiac aging and proposed for the first time modules as signatures. The integromics meta-analysis approach can serve as an efficient subvening signature tool for more-oriented better-designed experiments. It can also promote the combinational multi-target microRNA therapy of age-related cardiovascular diseases along the continuum from prevention to detection, diagnosis, treatment and outcome. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1256-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aristidis G Vrahatis
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, 26500, Greece. .,Department of Computer Engineering and Informatics, University of Patras, Patras, 26500, Greece.
| | - Anastasios Bezerianos
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, 26500, Greece. .,Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), Center of Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.
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Chapalamadugu KC, Panguluri SK, Bennett ES, Kolliputi N, Tipparaju SM. High level of oxygen treatment causes cardiotoxicity with arrhythmias and redox modulation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 282:100-7. [PMID: 25447406 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Hyperoxia exposure in mice leads to cardiac hypertrophy and voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channel remodeling. Because redox balance of pyridine nucleotides affects Kv function and hyperoxia alters cellular redox potential, we hypothesized that hyperoxia exposure leads to cardiac ion channel disturbances and redox changes resulting in arrhythmias. In the present study, we investigated the electrical changes and redox abnormalities caused by 72h hyperoxia treatment in mice. Cardiac repolarization changes were assessed by acquiring electrocardiogram (ECG) and cardiac action potentials (AP). Biochemical assays were employed to identify the pyridine nucleotide changes, Kv1.5 expression and myocardial injury. Hyperoxia treatment caused marked bradycardia, arrhythmia and significantly prolonged (ms) the, RR (186.2 ± 10.7 vs. 146.4 ± 6.2), PR (46.8 ± 3.1 vs. 39.3 ± 1.6), QRS (10.8 ± 0.6 vs. 8.5 ± 0.2), QTc (57.1 ± 3.5 vs. 40 ± 1.4) and JT (13.4 ± 2.1 vs. 7.0 ± 0.5) intervals, when compared with normoxia group. Hyperoxia treatment also induced significant increase in cardiac action potential duration (APD) (ex-APD90; 73.8 ± 9.5 vs. 50.9 ± 3.1 ms) and elevated levels of serum markers of myocardial injury; cardiac troponin I (TnI) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Hyperoxia exposure altered cardiac levels of mRNA/protein expression of; Kv1.5, Kvβ subunits and SiRT1, and increased ratios of reduced pyridine nucleotides (NADH/NAD & NADPH/NADP). Inhibition of SiRT1 in H9C2 cells using Splitomicin resulted in decreased SiRT1 and Kv1.5 expression, suggesting that SiRT1 may mediate Kv1.5 downregulation. In conclusion, the cardiotoxic effects of hyperoxia exposure involve ion channel disturbances and redox changes resulting in arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan C Chapalamadugu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Siva K Panguluri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Eric S Bennett
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Narasaiah Kolliputi
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Srinivas M Tipparaju
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
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Esguerra JLS, Mollet IG, Salunkhe VA, Wendt A, Eliasson L. Regulation of Pancreatic Beta Cell Stimulus-Secretion Coupling by microRNAs. Genes (Basel) 2014; 5:1018-31. [PMID: 25383562 PMCID: PMC4276924 DOI: 10.3390/genes5041018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased blood glucose after a meal is countered by the subsequent increased release of the hypoglycemic hormone insulin from the pancreatic beta cells. The cascade of molecular events encompassing the initial sensing and transport of glucose into the beta cell, culminating with the exocytosis of the insulin large dense core granules (LDCVs) is termed "stimulus-secretion coupling." Impairment in any of the relevant processes leads to insufficient insulin release, which contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The fate of the beta cell, when exposed to environmental triggers of the disease, is determined by the possibility to adapt to the new situation by regulation of gene expression. As established factors of post-transcriptional regulation, microRNAs (miRNAs) are well-recognized mediators of beta cell plasticity and adaptation. Here, we put focus on the importance of comprehending the transcriptional regulation of miRNAs, and how miRNAs are implicated in stimulus-secretion coupling, specifically those influencing the late stages of insulin secretion. We suggest that efficient beta cell adaptation requires an optimal balance between transcriptional regulation of miRNAs themselves, and miRNA-dependent gene regulation. The increased knowledge of the beta cell transcriptional network inclusive of non-coding RNAs such as miRNAs is essential in identifying novel targets for the treatment of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan L S Esguerra
- Unit of Islet Cell Exocytosis, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, CRC 91-11, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Inês G Mollet
- Unit of Islet Cell Exocytosis, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, CRC 91-11, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Vishal A Salunkhe
- Unit of Islet Cell Exocytosis, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, CRC 91-11, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Anna Wendt
- Unit of Islet Cell Exocytosis, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, CRC 91-11, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Lena Eliasson
- Unit of Islet Cell Exocytosis, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, CRC 91-11, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
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Schmitt N, Grunnet M, Olesen SP. Cardiac potassium channel subtypes: new roles in repolarization and arrhythmia. Physiol Rev 2014; 94:609-53. [PMID: 24692356 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00022.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
About 10 distinct potassium channels in the heart are involved in shaping the action potential. Some of the K+ channels are primarily responsible for early repolarization, whereas others drive late repolarization and still others are open throughout the cardiac cycle. Three main K+ channels drive the late repolarization of the ventricle with some redundancy, and in atria this repolarization reserve is supplemented by the fairly atrial-specific KV1.5, Kir3, KCa, and K2P channels. The role of the latter two subtypes in atria is currently being clarified, and several findings indicate that they could constitute targets for new pharmacological treatment of atrial fibrillation. The interplay between the different K+ channel subtypes in both atria and ventricle is dynamic, and a significant up- and downregulation occurs in disease states such as atrial fibrillation or heart failure. The underlying posttranscriptional and posttranslational remodeling of the individual K+ channels changes their activity and significance relative to each other, and they must be viewed together to understand their role in keeping a stable heart rhythm, also under menacing conditions like attacks of reentry arrhythmia.
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Rawal S, Manning P, Katare R. Cardiovascular microRNAs: as modulators and diagnostic biomarkers of diabetic heart disease. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2014; 13:44. [PMID: 24528626 PMCID: PMC3976030 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-13-44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic heart disease (DHD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among the people with diabetes, with approximately 80% of the deaths in diabetics are due to cardiovascular complications. Importantly, heart disease in the diabetics develop at a much earlier stage, although remaining asymptomatic till the later stage of the disease, thereby restricting its early detection and active therapeutic management. Thus, a better understanding of the modulators involved in the pathophysiology of DHD is necessary for the early diagnosis and development of novel therapeutic implications for diabetes-associated cardiovascular complications. microRNAs (miRs) have recently been evolved as key players in the various cardiovascular events through the regulation of cardiac gene expression. Besides their credible involvement in controlling the cellular processes, they are also released in to the circulation in disease states where they serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers for cardiovascular disease. However, their potential role in DHD as modulators as well as diagnostic biomarkers is largely unexplored. In this review, we describe the putative mechanisms of the selected cardiovascular miRs in relation to cardiovascular diseases and discuss their possible involvement in the pathophysiology and early diagnosis of DHD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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Smythies J, Edelstein L. Interactions between the spike code and the epigenetic code during information processing in the brain. Front Mol Neurosci 2013; 6:17. [PMID: 23847467 PMCID: PMC3703540 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2013.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- John Smythies
- Department of Psychology, Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California San Diego La Jolla, CA, USA
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